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mangelpinzon3@hotmail.com
Civil engineering, tunnels, Santo Tomas University, Sectional Tunja,
felipef.3013@gmail.com
Summary For the excavation and construction of a tunnel it is necessary to evaluate the conditions that the rocky massif can present
at different depths, where the properties of the material are verified, such as the bearing capacity of the stone and its behavior against
the load and external factors. Therefore, in the following work, the behavior of the stone against the load will be study, and how
external factors such as water (under possible conditions of saturation) and temperature (from low to high temperatures) can
potentially affect the strength of the massif for a given material. The study material is dolomite marble, it will be carried out load tests
such as: simple compression (under different conditions of temperature and saturation), indirect traction and modulus of rupture.
Finally, an evaluation will be made regarding the data and a respective classification will be made by the AFTES method, to evaluate
the quality of the stone against of the stone y mass or quarry of its extraction.
Abstract Para la realizacin de excavacin y construccin de un tnel es necesario evaluar las condiciones que puede presentar
el macizo rocoso a diferentes profundidades, en donde se verifica las propiedades que presenta el material, como es la capacidad
portante de la roca y su comportamiento frente a la carga y factores externos. Por lo tanto el siguiente trabajo se va a estudiar el
comportamiento de la roca frente a la carga, y como factores externos como el agua (en condiciones posibles de saturacin) y la
temperatura (desde grados bajo 0 hasta temperaturas elevadas) pueden llegar a afectar las de resistencia al macizo para un material
determinado. El material de estudio es mrmol dolomita, en donde se realizara ensayos de carga como lo es compresin simple
(bajo diferentes condiciones de temperatura y saturacin), traccin indirecta y mdulo de rotura. Por ltimo se realizara una
evaluacin con respecto a los datos y se har la respectiva clasificacin por el mtodo AFTES, para evaluar la calidad de la roca
frente al macizo rocoso o cantera de su extraccin.
INTRODUCTION
Condition
Sampl
e1
submerged
Diame Heig
ter
ht
(cm) (cm)
5,11
10,2
Sampl
e2
Sampl
e3
Sampl
e4
Area
(cm
)
20,4
8
20,4
3
20,5
4
20,4
0
Dry
Saturated Frozen
5,10
10,1
5,11
10,2
Damp
5,10
10,3
Volu
me
(cm)
208,9
1
205,5
1
209,4
6
210,6
1
Weight
(kN)
0,00570
29
0,00521
75
0,00570
29
0,00568
13
Weig
ht
(g)
581,5
532,0
3
581,5
579,3
Unit Weight
(g/cm)
2,783617378
2,588872299
2,776363655
2,750718979
Source: Author.
PHASE RELATIONSHIP
Va (cm)
0,16
Vw(cm)
1,78
Vs (cm)
203,6
AIR
WATER
SOLID
Humidity
Specific Gravity
Solid Volume
Volume of Voids
W%
Gs
Vs (cm)
Vv (cm)
Wa (gr)
0
Ww (gr)
2
Ws (gr)
530
0,3
2,61
203,6
1,94
n%
0,94
0,0019
Source: Author.
LABORATORY CALCULATION
COMPRESIN
Source: Author.
BREAK MODULE
Source: Author.
Annexed 1. Sample calculations.
INDIRECT TRACTION
Source: Author.
Permeability K
in m / S
<10-8 m/s
Descriptive
term
K1
Very weak to
weak
K2
10-8 m/s - 10-6 Weak to
m/s
medium
K3
10-6 m/s - 10-4 Medium to
m/s
strong
K4
>10-4 m/s
Strong to very
strong
Source: A.F.T.E.S.
Source: Author.
cold saturated
Hot saturated
Ambient T. saturated
Unsaturated cold
Unsaturated hot
Ambient T. unsaturated
Type
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
STRENGTH Rc (Mp)
155,24
71,22
61,94
103,29
170,03
132,52
Source: Author.
In general terms, the nuclei in a state of saturation
have a brittle rupture failure behavior, being that the
cut realized now of the fault is almost perfect in
vertical sense thus demonstrating, the little
resistance that presents this stone in saturated state
no matter the temperature to which it is.
Source: Author.
Source: Author.
Source: Author.
Source: Author.
Likewise, in the dry state for the different
temperatures at which the tests are carried out, the
samples show a transition rupture, since the cuts are
presented diagonally always from top to bottom,
some have defragments at several of their angles, in
the dry state shows a greater resistance to
compression with this type of failure.
CONCLUSIONS
http://www.elconstructorcivil.com/search/la
bel/ROCAS.
HERNAN GAVILANES J. 2013, ING
MSC,
http://es.slideshare.net/metuq/estabilidadde-taludes-18624871
http://viviendosanos.com/dolomitapropiedades/
ANNEXED
1. Sample calculations.