Code No: T0824

II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Supply Examinations, Dec- 2009
MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours

Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. a) Write the distinguishing features of Angle of internal friction and angle of repose. (4M)
b) The screen analysis shown below applies to a sample of crushed quartz. The density of
the particles is 2650 kg/m3 and the shape factors are: a = 2 and s = 0.571. For the material
between 4 mesh and 200 mesh in particle size calculate Aw in square millimeters per gram
and Nw in particles per gram.
(12M)

Dpi,
mm

Mass
fraction, Xi

4.699

0.0000

35

0.417

0.0210

30327

0.0251

48

0.295

0.0102

2.362

0.1250

65

0.208

0.0077

10

1.651

0.3207

100

0.147

0.0058

14

1.168

0.2570

150

0.104

0.0041

20

0.833

0.1590

200

0.074

0.0031

28

0.589

0.0538

Pan

0.0075

Mesh.No.

Mesh no.

Dpi, mm

2. Write in detail about the transport of solids with suitable examples

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Mass
fraction, Xi

(16M)






Code No: T0824

3. a) Given general considerations for the selection of a machine for size reduction of a feed
to a product of size.
(6M)
b) Discuss the effect of moisture content and size of feed particles on comminution
(6M)
c) Suggest machine for comminution of
i) big lumps of hard rock
ii) filbrous materials.
(4M)
4. a) Explain the working of continuous centrifuge with neat diagram
b) Derive an expression for determination of the effectiveness of a screen

(8M)
(8M)

5. a) A Plate & frame filter press filtering slurry; give a total of 25 m3 of filtrate in 30 minutes
and 35 m3 in 60 minutes when filtration was stopped. Estimate the Washing time in
minutes if 10 m3 of wash water are used. The resistance of the cloth can be neglected and a
constant pressure is used throughout.
(8M)
b) Discuss about fouling of Membranes briefly
(4M)
c) What is Cross flow filtration? Explain briefly
(4M)
6. a) Discuss briefly Sludge Separators
b) Write short notes on applications of micro filtration
c) Write short notes on froth flotation

(8M)
(4M)
(4M)

7. a) Estimate the Power requirement for a Turbine mixer operating in a tank of 1.8 m
diameter containing a liquid of density 1.3 g/cm3 and viscosity 12 cp at a speed of 150 rpm.
It has been observed that under otherwise identical conditions for the same mixer, the
power consumption was found to be 24 kWh for a liquid density 1.1g/cc and Viscosity 3 cp
at a speed of 90 rpm.
(8M)
b) Write Short notes on Dispersion of liquids in Liquids
(8M)
8. a) What are the various ways to achieve super saturation?
b) Write short notes on surface growth coefficients
c) What you understand about invariant crystals

2 of 2

(8M)
(4M)
(4M)




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Code No: T0824

II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Supply Examinations, Dec- 2009
MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours

Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. a) Write short notes on Ribbon blenders

(6M)
b) The screen analysis shown below applies to samples of crushed quartz. The density
of the particles is 2650 kg/m3 and the shape factors are: a = 2 and s = 0.571. What
fraction of the total number of particles is in the 150/200 mesh increment?
(10M)


























 

 



 

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2. Explain different types of Pneumatic conveyors in details.

(16M)

3. a) 3.0 kW has to be supplied to a material crushing at the rate of 0.3 kg/s from12.5 mm
cubes to a product of 3.1 mm. What would be the rate at which same material should be
supplied to the machine if its power consumption remains same to get the product of 2
mm cube?
(8M)
b) Discuss various variables that affect the power requirement of a crusher. (8M)
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Code No: T0824

4. a) Describe the working of a rotary drum filter with neat sketch

b) What you understand about cut diameter and blinding

(12M).
(4M)

5. a) A Rotary filter, operating at 2 rpm, filters 100 lt/min. Operating under the same
Vacuum and neglecting the resistance of the filter cloth, at what speed must the filter be
operated to give a filtration rate of 2000 lt/min
(8M)
b) Derive expression for volumetric flow rate of liquid q for the case of centrifugal
filtration
(8M)
6. a) Discuss Differential settling methods in detail and derive following expression
in Newtons law range
D pA pB
=
D pB pA
b) Write briefly the Principle involved in Sink-and Float method

(6M)

7. a) A flat bladed turbine with six blades is installed centrally in a vertical tank. The tank
is 1.83 m in diameter; the turbine is 0.61m in diameter and is positioned 0.61 from the
bottom of the tank. The turbine blades are 127 mm wide. The tank is filled to a depth of
1.83 m with a solution of 50 percent caustic soda, at 650C which has a viscosity of 12
cP and a density of 1498 kg/m3. The turbine is operated at 90 rpm. The tank is baffled.
What Power will be required to operate the mixer? (Power No vs Reynolds No graph
should be provided)
(8M)
b) Explain the difference between Agitation and Mixing
(4M)
c) Name the different types of impellers commonly used for agitation of fluids (4M)
8. a) Explain the growth rate of crystallization?
b) Write short notes on nucleation and growth.

2 of 2

(8M)
(8M)






Code No: T0824

II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Supply Examinations, Dec- 2009
MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours

Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. a) Crushed galena from a ball mill has the following screen analysis:
Mesh no.

Dpi, mm

Mass fraction, Xi

28

0.589

0.000

35

0.417

0.150

48

0.295

0.200

65

0.208

0.171

100

0.147

0.134

150

0.104

0.104

200

0.074

0.080

Pan

0.161

i) Present the information in the form of a histogram.

ii) Determine the average particle diameter based on weight.
b) Describe with figures double-motion paste mixers.

(10M)
(6M)

2. Write the classification of conveyers for the transportation of solids and explain any
conveying system with details
(16M)
3. a) Explain briefly energy consumption in size reduction equipments with the help of
energy consumption versus product size diagram
(8M)
b) Write short notes on fluid energy mill with neat sketch
(8M)

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Code No: T0824

4. a) Write the comparison between ideal and actual screen with the help of cut
diameter
(8M)
b) Explain the working of plate and frame filter press with a neat diagram. (8M)
5. a) The following relation between and P for CaCO3slurry has been determined
as
10
0.76
=8.8 10 [1 + 3.36 (P) ]
A slurry of this material giving 3 kg of cake solid/m3 of filtrate is to be filtered at
a pressure drop of 1 atm. and at a temperature of 300 C. A Vacuum Continuous
filter is used to filter 5600 lt/hr of filtrate from this slurry. Calculate the filter area
required is the cycle time is 3 min and the drum submergence is 50 %. Take Rm =
1.2 1010 min-1.
(12M)
b) Classify the membranes based on size range of the particles
(4M)
6. a) Discuss briefly the Principle involved in Centrifugal Settling Processes (6M)
b) Write briefly about
i) Batch Sedimentation
(5M)
ii) Flocculation
(5M)
7

a) An agitated vessel 1.83 m in diameter contains a six-blade straight-blade turbine

0.61 m in diameter, set one impeller diameter above the vessel floor, and rotating at
80 r/min. It is proposed to use this vessel for neutralizing a dilute aqueous solution
of NaOH at 21.10C with a stoichiometrically equivalent quantity of concentrated
nitric acid (HNO3). The final depth of liquid in the vessel is to be 1.83m. Assuming
that all the acid is added to the vessel at one time, how long will it take for the
neutralization to be complete? Given density of liquid 1013.939 kg/m3 and viscosity
of liquid= 0.982cP (centipoises.) (Graph of mixing time factor (ntT) vs Reynolds No
(NRe) is to be provided)
(8M)
b) Compare the Characteristics of paddle, turbine and propeller mixers
(8M)

a) Define/explain the following terms:

(i) Crystal
(ii) magma
(iii) mother liquor
(iv) eutectic mixture (8M)
b) How do the following factors govern the rate of (I) primary and (II) secondary
nucleation?
(i) Level of super saturation
(ii) Interfacial tension
(iv) Temperature
(v) Molar volume of the solid
(8M)
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Code No: T0824

II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Supply Examinations, Dec- 2009
MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours

Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. a) Estimate the specific surface and volume surface mean diameter of a sample of
galena (specific gravity=7.43) having the screen analysis below:
(8M)
Average size, davg
Mass fraction
(cm)
0.521

0.01

0.4056

0.04

0.2876

0.081

0.19995

0.115

0.14005

0.16

0.10215

0.148

0.0717

0.132

0.0506

0.081

0.0358

0.062

0.02535

0.041

0.0181

0.036

0.01275

0.022

0.00895

0.019

0.0045

0.053

b) Distinguish between kneaders, dispersers and masticators.

2. Write short notes on
i) Bucket elevators
ii) Pneumatic conveyors

(8M)
(8M)

1 of 2

(8M)






Code No: T0824

3. a) A material is crushed in a jaw crusher and the average particle size is reduced from
10 cm to 4 cm with a consumption of energy of 4kWh per tone. What will be the
consumption of energy per tone to crush the same material from 4 cm to 0.5 cm,
assuming Rittingers law and Kicks law to be valid?
(10M)
b) Explain the operation of ball mill with neat sketch
(6M)
4. a) Discuss on the washing and dewatering of filter cakes in a rotary drum filter (8M)
b) Write short notes on filter aids
(8M)
5. a) A rotary drum filter with 30 percent submergence is to be used to filter concentrated
aqueous slurry of CaCO3 containing 236 kg of solids per m3 of water. The pressure
drop is to be 1.4037 109 N/m2. If the filter cake contains 50 percent moisture (wet
basis), calculate the filter area required to filter 3.7854 104 cm3 /min of slurry when
the filter cycle time is 5 min. Assume that the specific cake resistance is
= 2.90 P 0.26 and that the filter medium resistance Rm is negligible. The temperature
is 200C.
(8M)
b) Draw figure showing Pressure gradients (section through filter medium & cake)
and Explain pressure drop through filter cake in detail
(8M)
6. a) Explain the principle and working operation of a Hydro cyclone
(5M)
b) Write briefly about settling flux, transport flux and total flux pertaining to
Continuous Thickener
(5M)
c) Specify the type of equipment you would use in conveying the following materials.
Give reasons for your choice
(6M)
i) Soda Ash from calcining pans to storage
ii) Bamboo chips from chipper house to silos
iii) Pulverized coal from crusher to a hopper 10 meters high from ground level

7. a) Derive an Expression for the calculation of Power required to drive the impeller of
an agitated vessel
(8M)
b) What are the values of typical proportions for a standard turbine design in ordinary
agitation problem? Explain with a neat sketch
(8M)
8. a) What do you mean by nucleation? What are the different types of nucleation? What
are the important factors that influence the rate of nucleation?
(8M)
b) ) Write short notes on fluid shear nucleation
(4M)
c) Write the application of Kelvins equation in crystallization
(4M)
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