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EnglishWikipediaWikipedia

EnglishWikipedia
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

TheEnglishWikipediaistheEnglishlanguageedition
ofthefreeonlineencyclopediaWikipedia.Foundedon15
January2001,itisthefirsteditionofWikipediaand,asof
July2016,hasthemostarticlesofanyoftheeditions.[2]
AsofDecember2016,nearly12.4%ofarticlesinall
WikipediasbelongtotheEnglishlanguageedition.This
sharehasgraduallydeclinedfrommorethan50percentin
2003,duetothegrowthofWikipediasinother
languages.[3]Thereare5,297,778articlesonthesite(live
count).[4]InOctober2015,thecombinedtextofthe
EnglishWikipedia'sarticlestotalled11.5gigabyteswhen
compressed.[5]On1November2015,theEnglish
Wikipediaannouncedithadreached5,000,000articles[6]
andranaspeciallogotoreflectthemilestone.[7]

EnglishWikipedia

LogooftheEnglishWikipedia
Screenshot

TheSimpleEnglishWikipediaisavariationinwhich
mostofthearticlesuseonlybasicEnglishvocabulary.
ThereisalsotheOldEnglish(nglisc/AngloSaxon)
Wikipedia(angwiki).Communityproducednews
publicationsincludeTheSignpost.[8]

Contents
1 Pioneeringedition
2 Usersandeditors
2.1 ArbitrationCommittee
3 Controversies
3.1 VarietiesofEnglish
4 Wikiprojects,andassessmentsofarticles'
importanceandquality
5 Graphics
6 Internalnewspublications
7 Seealso
8 Footnotes
9 References
10 Externallinks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Wikipedia

ThehomepageoftheEnglishWikipediacelebratingits
5,000,000tharticleinNovember2015

Typeofsite Internetencyclopedia
Owner

WikimediaFoundation

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Createdby JimmyWales,LarrySanger[1]

Pioneeringedition
TheEnglishWikipediawasthefirstWikipediaedition
andhasremainedthelargest.Ithaspioneeredmanyideas
asconventions,policiesorfeatureswhichwerelater
adoptedbyWikipediaeditionsinsomeoftheother
languages.Theseideasinclude"featuredarticles",[9]the
neutralpointofviewpolicy,[10]navigationtemplates,[11]
thesortingofshort"stub"articlesintosubcategories,[12]
disputeresolutionmechanismssuchasmediationand
arbitration,[13]andweeklycollaborations.[14]
TheEnglishWikipediahasadoptedfeaturesfrom
Wikipediasinotherlanguages.Thesefeaturesinclude
verifiedrevisionsfromtheGermanWikipedia(dewiki)
andtownpopulationlookuptemplatesfromtheDutch
Wikipedia(nlwiki).

Slogan(s)

Thefreeencyclopediathatanyonecan
edit.

Website

en.wikipedia.org(https://en.wikipedia.or
g/)

Commercial No
Registration Optional,butrequiredforcertaintasks
including
protectedpageedit
pagecreation
fileupload
Users

29,670,112

Launched

15January2001

Content
license

CreativeCommonsAttribution/
ShareAlike3.0(mosttextalsodual
licensedunderGFDL)
Medialicensingvaries

AlthoughtheEnglishWikipediastoresimagesandaudio
files,aswellastextfiles,manyoftheimageshavebeen
movedtoWikimediaCommonswiththesamename,aspassedthroughfiles.However,theEnglishWikipedia
alsohasfairuseimagesandaudio/videofiles(withcopyrightrestrictions),mostofwhicharenotallowedon
Commons.
ManyofthemostactiveparticipantsintheWikimediaFoundation,andthedevelopersoftheMediaWiki
softwarethatpowersWikipedia,areEnglishWikipediausers.

Usersandeditors
EnglishWikipediastatistics
Numberofuseraccounts Numberofarticles Numberoffiles Numberofadministrators
29,670,112

5,297,778

850,364

1,272

TheEnglishWikipediareached4,000,000registereduseraccountson1April2007,[15]justalittleoverayear
sinceithadcrossedathresholdof1,000,000registereduseraccountsinlateFebruary2006.[16]
Over800,000editorshaveeditedWikipediamorethan10times.[17]300,000editorseditWikipediaevery
monthofthese,over30,000performmorethan5editspermonth,andalittleover3,000performmorethan
100editspermonth.[18]By24November2011,atotalof500millioneditshadbeenperformedontheEnglish
Wikipedia.
AsthelargestWikipediaedition,andbecauseEnglishissuchawidelyusedlanguage,theEnglishWikipedia
drawsmanyusersandeditorswhosenativelanguageisnotEnglish.Suchusersmayseekinformationfromthe
EnglishWikipediaratherthantheWikipediaoftheirnativelanguagebecausetheEnglishWikipediatendsto
containmoreinformationaboutgeneralsubjects.Successfulcollaborationshavedevelopedbetweennon
nativeEnglishspeakerswhoaddcontenttotheEnglishWikipediaandnativeEnglishspeakerswhoactas
copyeditorsforthem.

ArbitrationCommittee
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TheEnglishWikipediahasanArbitrationCommittee(alsoknownasArbCom)thatconsistsofapanelof
editorsthatimposesbindingrulingswithregardtodisputesbetweenothereditorsoftheonline
encyclopedia.[19]TheCommitteewascreatedbyJimmyWaleson4December2003asanextensionofthe
decisionmakingpowerhehadformerlyheldasownerofthesite.[20][21]
Wheninitiallyfounded,theCommitteeconsistedof12arbitratorsdividedintothreegroupsoffourmembers
each.[20][22]Sincethen,theCommitteehasgraduallyexpandeditsmembershipto18arbitrators.[23]
LikeotheraspectsoftheEnglishWikipedia,Wikipedia'ssisterprojectshaveemulatedtheArbitration
Committeewiththeirownsimilarversions.[24]Forinstance,in2007,anArbitrationCommitteewasfounded
ontheGermanWikipediacalledtheSchiedsgericht.[25]

Controversies
IncidentsofcyberbullyingonWikipediahavebeenreportedinthemainstreampress.[26][27][28]TheGlenA.
WilsonHighSchoolwasthesubjectofsuchathreatin2008,[26][27][28]anda14yearoldboywasarrestedfor
makingathreatagainstNilesWestHighSchoolonWikipediain2006.[29]
A2013studyfromOxfordUniversityconcludedthatthemostdisputedarticlesontheEnglishWikipedia
tendedtobebroaderissues,whileonotherlanguageWikipediasthemostdisputedarticlestendedtobe
regionalissuesthisisduetotheEnglishlanguage'sstatusasagloballinguafranca,whichmeansthatmany
whoedittheEnglishWikipediadonotspeakEnglishasanativelanguage.Thestudystatedthatthemost
disputedentriesontheEnglishWikipediawere:GeorgeW.Bush,anarchism,Muhammad,listofWWE
personnel,globalwarming,circumcision,UnitedStates,Jesus,raceandintelligence,andChristianity.[30]

VarietiesofEnglish
OnecontroversyintheEnglishWikipediaconcernswhichnationalvarietyoftheEnglishlanguageistobe
preferred,withthemostcommonlyadvocatedcandidatesbeingAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish.[31]
PerennialsuggestionsrangefromstandardizinguponasingleformofEnglishtoforkingtheEnglish
Wikipediaproject.Astyleguidelinestates,"theEnglishWikipediahasnogeneralpreferenceforamajor
nationalvarietyofthelanguage"and"anarticleonatopicthathasstrongtiestoaparticularEnglishspeaking
nationusestheappropriatevarietyofEnglishforthatnation".[32]Anarticleshouldusespellingandgrammar
variantsconsistentlyforexample,colorandcolourarenottobeusedinthesamearticle,sincetheyrepresent
AmericanandBritishEnglish,respectively.Theguidealsostatesthatanarticlemustremaininitsoriginal
nationalvariant.
TherehasbeenasimilarissueintheChineselanguageWikipediaconcerningregionaldifferencesinwriting.
EffortsatalanguageforkforPortugueseWikipediahavefailed,andsucceededforNorwegianWikipedia.
AndrewLihwrotethattheEnglishWikipedia"didn'thavethechancetogothroughadebateoverwhether
thereshouldbeaBritishEnglishWikipediaoranAmericanEnglishWikipedia"becausetheEnglish
Wikipediawastheoriginaledition.[33]EditorsagreedtouseU.S.spellingsforprimarilyAmericantopicsand
BritishspellingsforprimarilyBritishtopics.In2009Lihwrote,"Nodoubt,Americanspellingstendto
dominatebydefaultjustbecauseofsheernumbers."[34]

Wikiprojects,andassessmentsofarticles'importanceandquality
A"WikiProject"isagroupofcontributorswhowanttoworktogetherasateamtoimproveWikipedia.These
groupsoftenfocusonaspecifictopicarea(forexample,women'shistory),aspecificlocationoraspecific
kindoftask(forexample,checkingnewlycreatedpages).TheEnglishWikipediacurrentlyhasover2,000
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WikiProjectsandactivityvaries.[35]
In2007,inpreparationforproducingaprintversion,theEnglishWikipediaintroducedanassessmentscaleof
thequalityofarticles.[36]ArticlesareratedbyWikiProjects.Therangeofqualityclassesbeginswith"Stub"
(veryshortpages),followedby"Start","C"and"B"(inincreasingorderofquality).Communitypeerreviewis
neededforthearticletoenteroneofthehighestqualityclasses:either"A","goodarticle"orthehighest,
"featuredarticle".Oftheabout4.4millionarticlesandlistsassessedasofMarch2015,alittlemorethan5,000
(0.12%)arefeaturedarticles,andfewerthan2,000(0.04%)arefeaturedlists.Onefeaturedarticleperday,as
selectedbyeditors,appearsonthemainpageofWikipedia.[37][38]
Thearticlescanalsoberatedasper"importance"asjudgedbyaWikiProject.Currently,thereare5
importancecategories:"low","mid","high","top",and"???"forunclassified/uncertainlevel.Foraparticular
article,differentWikiProjectsmayassigndifferentimportancelevels.
TheWikipediaVersion1.0EditorialTeamhasdevelopedatable(shownbelow)thatdisplaysdataofallrated
articlesbyqualityandimportance,ontheEnglishWikipedia.Ifanarticleorlistreceivesdifferentratings
bytwoormoreWikiProjects,thenthehighestratingisusedinthetable,piecharts,andbarchart.The
softwareregularlyautoupdatesthedata.
ResearcherGiacomoPoderifoundthatarticlestendtoreachfeaturedstatusviatheintensiveworkofafew
editors.[39]A2010studyfoundunevennessinqualityamongfeaturedarticlesandconcludedthatthe
communityprocessisineffectiveinassessingthequalityofarticles.[40]

Importancewisedistributionof
over4.8millionarticlesand
listsontheEnglishWikipedia,
asof5April2015[41]

Qualitywisedistributionof
over4.8millionarticlesand
listsontheEnglishWikipedia,
asof3April2015[41]

Top(0.91%)

Featuredarticles(0.12%)

High(3.21%)

Featuredlists(0.04%)

Medium(12.29%)

Aclass(0.03%)

Low(49.37%)

Goodarticles(0.48%)

???(34.22%)

Bclass(2.05%)
Cclass(3.99%)
Startclass(25.73%)
Stubclass(54.08%)
Lists(3.50%)
Unassessed(9.99%)

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Allratedarticlesbyqualityandimportance
Importance
Quality

Top

High

Mid

Low

???

Total

FA

1,168

1,792

1,695

1,041

189

5,885

FL

141

561

650

600

116

2,068

216

420

575

363

77

1,651

2,058

4,694

9,161

9,844

1,680

27,437

11,943 22,612 34,592

27,336

13,582

110,065

10,117 29,115 64,807

89,044

42,682

235,765

Start

17,110 75,050 302,289

769,256

288,305 1,452,010

Stub

4,215 30,507 224,370 1,824,917

836,991 2,921,000

List

2,980 11,067 33,628

GA

90,874

60,925

199,474

Assessed 49,948 175,818 671,767 2,813,275 1,244,547 4,955,355

Unassessed
Total

138

410

1,792

16,333

521,006

539,679

50,086 176,228 673,559 2,829,608 1,765,553 5,495,034

3,000,000

2,500,000

2,000,000

1,500,000

1,000,000

500,000

Top

Featuredarticles

Featuredlists

Aclassarticles

Goodarticles

Bclassarticles

Cclassarticles

Startclassarticles

Stubarticles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Wikipedia

High

Medium

Low

???

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Stubarticles
Lists
Unassessedarticlesandlists

[Note:Thetableabove(preparedbytheWikipediaVersion1.0EditorialTeam)isautomaticallyupdateddaily
byUser:WP1.0bot,butthebarchartandthetwopiechartsarenotautoupdated.Inthem,newdatahasto
beenteredbyaWikipediaeditor(i.e.user).]

Graphics

Percentagesofarticleswritteninvariouslanguage
families.InMarch2013,16.76%ofarticleswerein
English.

ThecountriesinwhichtheEnglishWikipediaisthe
mostpopularlanguageversionofWikipediaare
showninred.[42]

Top25contributorcountriestotheEnglish
Wikipedia.Darkgreen:NativeEnglishspeaking
countrieslightgreen:countrieswithEnglishasa

InApril2009,theWikimediaFoundation
conductedausabilitystudyontheEnglish
Wikipedia,questioningusersabouttheediting

foreignlanguage.[43]

mechanism.[44]

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VideomarkingEnglishWikipedia'smilestoneof
fivemillionarticleson1November2015

Barchart,originofedits
Originofedits(2014/12014/3)[45]
UnitedStates
UnitedKingdom
India
Canada
Australia
Unknown
Philippines
Germany
Brazil
Italy
Ireland
Pakistan
France
Malaysia
Netherlands
Indonesia
China
NewZealand
Spain
Iran
Mexico
Sweden
Russia
Greece
Turkey
Other

38.3%
13.2%
6.9%
5.4%
3.6%
2.9%
2.6%
1.5%
1.1%
1.0%
1.0%
0.9%
0.8%
0.8%
0.8%
0.8%
0.7%
0.7%
0.7%
0.7%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
13.1%

Internalnewspublications

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Wikipedia

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CommunityproducednewspublicationsincludeTheSignpost.[8]TheSignpost(previouslyknown
asTheWikipediaSignpost[46])istheEnglishWikipedia'snewspaper.[8][47][48]ItismanagedbytheWikipedia
communityandispublishedonlineweekly.[8][49]Eacheditioncontainsstoriesandarticlesrelatedtothe
Wikipediacommunity.[50][51]Awiderangeofeditorscontributearticlesandotherpieces.[8]
ThepublicationwasfoundedinJanuary2005byWikipediaadministratorandlaterChairoftheWikimedia
FoundationBoardofTrustees,MichaelSnow.[8][46][52]OriginallytitledTheWikipediaSignpost,itwaslater
shortenedtosimplyTheSignpost.[46][53]ThenewspaperreportsonWikipediaeventsincludingArbitration
Committeerulings,[54]WikimediaFoundationissues,[55]andotherWikipediarelatedprojects.[56]Snow
continuedtocontributeasawritertoTheSignpostuntilhisappointmenttotheBoardofTrusteesofthe
WikimediaFoundationinFebruary2008.[57]
InvestigativejournalismbyTheSignpostin2015onchangestofreedomofpanoramacopyrightrestrictionsin
EuropewascoveredbypublicationsinmultiplelanguagesincludingGerman,[58]Italian,[59]Polish,[60]and
Russian.[61]WikipediausersGamalielandGoPhightins!becameeditorsinchiefofTheSignpostinJanuary
2015prioreditorinchiefTheed17notedthatduringhistenurethepublicationexpandeditsscopeby
includingmorereportingonthewiderWikimediamovementandEnglishWikipediaitself.[62]Inaletterto
readersuponthenewspaper'stenthanniversary,thenewcoeditorsinchiefstressedtheimportanceof
maintainingindependencefromtheWikimediaFoundationintheirreporting.[63]
TheSignposthasbeenthesubjectofacademicanalysisinpublicationsincludingSociologicalForum,[64]the
socialmovementsjournalInterface,[65]andNewReviewofAcademicLibrarianship[66]andwasconsultedfor
dataonWikipediabyresearchersfromLosAlamosNationalLaboratoryandDartmouthCollege.[67]Ithas
garneredgenerallypositivereceptionfrommediapublicationsincludingTheNewYorkTimes,[68]The
Register,[69]NonprofitQuarterly,[70]andHeiseOnline.[71]ThebookWikipedia:TheMissingManualcalled
TheSignpostessentialreadingforambitiousnewWikipediaeditors.[72]
Otherpastandpresentcommunitynewspublicationsincludethe"WikiWorld"webcomic,theWikipedia
Weeklypodcast,andnewslettersofspecificWikiProjectslikeTheBuglefromWikiProjectMilitaryHistory
andthemonthlynewsletterfromTheGuildofCopyEditors.Therearealsoanumberofpublicationsfromthe
WikimediaFoundationandmultilingualpublicationssuchastheWikimediaBlog(https://blog.wikimedia.org)
andThisMonthinEducation.

Seealso
EnglishWikipediablackout
HistoryofWikipedia
ReliabilityofWikipedia
SimpleEnglishWikipedia
WikipediaforSchools
Wikipediacommunity
Wikipedia:Milestones
Wikipedia:Milestonestatistics

Footnotes

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1. ThereissomecontroversyoverwhofoundedWikipedia.Walesconsidershimselftobethesolefounderof
WikipediaandhastoldtheBostonGlobethat"it'spreposterous"tocallSangerthecofounder.However,Sanger
stronglyconteststhatdescription.HewasidentifiedasacofounderofWikipediaasearlyasSeptember2001and
referredtohimselfasbeingfounderasearlyasJanuary2002.
Sidener,Jonathan(6December2004)."Everyone'sEncyclopedia".SanDiegoUnionTribune.Retrieved
15October2006.
Meyers,Peter(20September2001)."FactDriven?Collegial?ThisSiteWantsYou".NewYorkTimes.
Retrieved15October2006.
Sanger,Larry."WhatWikipediaisandwhyitmatters".Retrieved12April2006.
2. about50percentmorethanthenextinrank,theSwedishWikipedia.Seem:ListofWikipedias.
3. WikimediaMetaWiki(21September2008)."ListofWikipedias".Retrieved21September2008.
4. ThenumberofarticlesontheEnglishWikipediaisshownbytheMediaWikivariable5,297,778,withallWikipedias
astotal42722657=42,722,657.
5. SeesizeofdownloadsatWikipedia:Databasedownloadandalistofhistoricalsizeshere(https://commons.wikimedi
a.org/wiki/File:Wikipedia_article_size_in_gigabytes.png#Summary)
6. "Wikipedia:Fivemillionarticles".Wikipedia.WikimediaFoundation.Retrieved1November2015.
7. "File:Wikipedialogov2en5marticles.png".WikimediaCommons.WikimediaFoundation.Retrieved1November
2015.
8. PhoebeAyersCharlesMatthewsBenYates(2008).HowWikipediaWorks:AndhowYouCanbeaPartofit.No
StarchPress.pp.345.ISBN9781593271763.
9. EnglishWikipedia(30January2007)."Featuredarticles".Retrieved30January2007.
10. EnglishWikipedia(25January2007)."Neutralpointofview".Retrieved30January2007.
11. WikimediaMetaWiki(29January2007)."Help:Template".Retrieved30January2007.
12. EnglishWikipedia(19January2007)."WikiProjectStubsorting".Retrieved30January2007.
13. EnglishWikipedia(27January2007)."Resolvingdisputes".Retrieved30January2007.
14. EnglishWikipedia(30January2007)."ArticleCreationandImprovementDrive".Retrieved30January2007.
15. Wikipedia:WikipediaSignpost/20070402/Newsandnotes.Retrieved20April2007
16. Wikipedia:WikipediaSignpost/20060227/Newsandnotes.Retrieved20April2007
17. "WikipediaStatisticsTablesEnglish".Stats.wikimedia.org.Retrieved8August2013.
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19. Schiff,Stacy(2December2006)."Knowalls".TheAge.Australia:FairfaxDigitalNetwork.Retrieved15June
2009.
20. Wales,Jimmy(4December2003)."WikiENlWikiquettecommitteeappointments".Wikipedia.Wikimedia
Foundation.Retrieved9June2009.
21. Hoffman,DavidA.SalilMehra(2010)."WikitruthThroughWikiorder".EmoryLawJournal.59(2010).
SSRN1354424 .
22. Hyatt,Josh(1June2006)."SecretsofGreatness:GreatTeams".Fortune.TimeWarner.Retrieved15June2009.
23. Wales,Jimmy(20December2008)."ArbComAppointments".Wikipedia.Retrieved14June2009.
24. Wikidata(1April2015)."WikipediasitelinksforArbitrationCommittee".Retrieved1April2015.
25. Kleinz,Torsten(30April2007)."WikipediasuchtSchiedsrichter"(inGerman).heiseonline.Retrieved9June2009.
26. HennessyFiske,Molly(29April2008)."WikipediathreatswentuncheckedLosAngelesTimes".LosAngeles
Times.
27. "HaciendaHeightsschoolreceivespossiblethreat".abc7.com.Abclocal.go.com.18April2008.Retrieved8August
2013.
28. "StudentarrestedforviolentthreatsonWikipedia".LosAngelesTimes.29April2008.Retrieved19January2012.
29. "TeenchargedafterthreattoschoolonWikipedia".Bloomington,IL:Pantagraph.com.AssociatedPress.31October
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30. Gross,Doug."Wikiwars:The10mostcontroversialWikipediapages(http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/24/tech/web/co
ntroversialwikipediapages/index.html?hpt=hp_t5)."CNN.24July2013.Retrievedon26July2013.Archived(http
s://web.archive.org/web/20160412001130/http://edition.cnn.com/2013/07/24/tech/web/controversialwikipediapages/i
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39. Poderi,Giacomo,WikipediaandtheFeaturedArticles:HowaTechnologicalSystemCanProduceBestQuality
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Externallinks
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