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45 _~ , _

Eng/Alaa Esmail Ebrahim Eldwer

Assistant Lecturer in Hydraulics and Irrigation Department

emailjdewer2005@yahoo.com

MobilejOl 06753418-01521740489

4 . :. " .

Eng!Alaa Esmail Ebrahim Eldwer

Assistant Lecturer in Hydraulics and Irrigation Department

A- Draw flow net

B- Calculate Nr & N d
C- Calculate seepage discharge(q or g/k)

email/dewer2005@yahoo.com

Mobile/0106753418-01521740489

A-Draw flow net

- ~ JJ,__~~~..d.1~Lf _~_~~./ ~J~~J L_~ "\J_~t\?,J H .12 ::lt . _.~ ~~ ._._.

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B-Calculate Nt & Nd

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C-Calculate seepage discharge(g or gOO

~=

K..

nt

HWlqX

.~

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v mSls l-M\
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h") 3} d J,>v.,'
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....

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Y\- d

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__

V YV"l

,_

."

, "

_ . , . -_ .

'

__.

__.._-, -

..._---_...

Eng!Alaa Esmail Ebrahim Eldwer

Assistant Lecturer in Hydraulics and Irrigation Department

A-Calculate percolation length

i- Using Bligh's Creep formulation

ii- Using Lanesformulation
B- Calculate Scour length

i- Using Bligh's Creep formulation

"

. . . . .-

..

'

.'

..

'

C-Check only for horizontal length

i-Khosla's formulation

emailjdewer2005@yahoo.com

-~-

Mobilej0106753418-01521740489

~--A

..~
t

t
't

------~_~_~~
_ _ .. _=-=_=-==_--.:-1..

----------~-

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II
L.

~--~---------

&,percolation length

.'

.--..".-:."

.~~

....
'.-,;:

i- Using Bligh's Creep formulation

~~\ J~)

lH

~f 0

u)e(

c:. .!-'~ ~

.-

ii-Using Lane~formulation

-,)./Y

Y',

t,;L..-l ! U!
~

Vb

B- Scour length

.....

. i- Using Bligh's Creep formulation

-AI

e.-cJ

C-Khosla's formulation

~-. . . .

'A

.
.0

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- i'3

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<--C. ~~ \ S -0) .

--== 2 3 - CO 5 r~- '"X--

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.,

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._

t> A-':-~~S"""' "

~ I Q..JJ 1 J.O {;

Ellg/Alaa Esmail Ebrahim Eldwer

Assistant Lecturer in Hydraulics and Irrigation Department

A-Draw u.QIift pressure

&orr-Ie,;:;

Vl-J;)

ii- Using Bligh's Creep formulation

iii-Using Lanerformulation

B-Calculate uplift force (D)

C~Calculate ' floorweight("v)

D-Calculate F.O.S

e ma iijdewer2005@yahoo.com

- 16

MobilejOl 06753418-01521740489

",'

Eng/Alaa Esmail Ebrahim Eldwer

Assistant Lecturer in Hydraulics and Irrigation D epartm ent

. L

~
.

kL
J4:> J j..1 "ifL-;Jl
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\ '{

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-

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'

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'-

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rt

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L:1

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i
f

I
I

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5.

r -.----,
Lp\
"',

L_~

"?

.
I

C-~

-cV:Y~ ~ )~ L;" \
.

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'--- ---f"">
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CD

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/'

(l)

iii-Using Lane.:rformulation

f
3

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". ~. ;. :

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\@

,
.

"\ .

.\

,
CL
.

..

~"2.)

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Sl-@_.
H

..

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B-Calculate uplift force (U)

- ._
-- - _._- -_
..

C-Calculate floor weight

' ... - , t
-e
p ~
~~ l

c" '\p

u;./1 ~\.......-,o.~_
..
.JJ I cf 0.)) ~;.

D-Calculate f.o.s

- - ._ -.._._ . ..__..._ ...- -_... ..__ ._-,.- -+--4.= .. ~ . -T\....'U _....D.K""'""~~

.
_._

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~.

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._-- _.~--- -._ ._. _

..__ ,.._...
__

.._...v\:;.+

. ,. . .

:Z~~ ~-~j
-;;-~Y
-

Eng!Alaa Esmail Ebrahim Eldwer

Assistant Lecturer in Hydraulics and Irrigation Department

A-Check of l!iPing
i- Using flow net
ii- Khosla's formulation
B~Check "

of heave'

i-Using flow net

emai ljde we r2005@yahoo.co m

- 23

Mobile/0106753418-01521740489

A-Check of illPing

i-Using flow net

Ie..~ '= t:>~

~\...

b\
_- .J.~. ~-x

"

~ ("'"' v- l;7

r'fJ;'~ ~ ,*.

,= .__~

S\.
Lo

-< 6 ~C
--

\1'\,6\ ,6 ~

~. ,

ii- Khosla's formulation

,... . ... Q ,': ?

----r---r,

\~ ~'j-~1.
:

"
f('

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\\

.. ,
~

~_._,_.._~
-::.

/~'t

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/\

, ~

. -

. . .,

...... ........ '----.

,

.~

, .

__ -....

B-Check of heave

i-Using flow net

Ll~

6) ,
"

\4

"

$.

z,

,. ~\ =
~ L.

2.. D

-:: \.

*-

\A
. ~. \\

. ,~
. . .
.

e-,

3 r d Year Civil Eng.

2 Term 2010 - 2011
Irrigation Structures (1)

Alexandria University
Faculty of Engineering
Irrigation& Hydraulic Dept.

nd

&

Slteet (5)
SEEPAGE
Problem No. (1)
Figure (1) shows a longitudinal section of a clear overfall weir based on sandy
clay soil. Using a reasonable scale draw the flow net, then cany Ollt the following
requirements:
a) Draw the uplift pressure on the floor,

b) check the given floor thickness ( Yf =2.5 t/rrr'),

c) check the stability of the structure against piping and heave , if the allowable

exit gradient is 0.14,

d) check the exit gradient using Khosla's formula, and
e) compute the quantity of seepage discharge.
( 16.00)

(13.~O)

. . 513 .75)

. ~-

-(12.00)

~~~

Impervious Layer

Figure (1)

Problem No. (2)

Figure (2) illustrates a longitudinal section in a clear overfall weir based on a
clayey sand soil. You are asked to:
a) Check both percolation and scouring lengths if CB= 10, and CL= 6.0,
b) draw the uplift pressure diagram according to both Bligh's and Lane's
methods, and

c) check the horizontal length of floor using Khosla's formula, if the allowable
exit gradient is 0.14.

(9.50)

(6.00)

(6.00)

-:

(4.50)
.. (0.50) .

13.00 -l~-----20.00

-----

Figure (2)

Problem No. (3)

Figure (3) shows a section ill an earth dam, founded on an impervious foundation.
It is required to: '
a) Draw the free surface using Pavlovsky's solution, considering a dry
downstream condition only, and
b) Draw the free surface using Kozeny's solution, considering the two cases,
with and without tail water.

(23.00)

8m

Y_--.

.(20.00)

~1
2

..5

k= 7* Iu m/sec

l~
2

Drainage filter

"(8.00)

Figure (3)

Problem No. (1)

Figure (1) shows a longitudinal section of a clear overfall weir based on sandy
clay soil. Using a reasonable scale draw the flow net, then cany out the following
requirements:

13.75)
~(I2.00)

'.

'

,. K:O.O~ ern/sec . 1,-'._~-.:-_--,"-

" j-X-o.Q
O)

.'. 15.90 ---,--'0---,----,-------:,.

Impervious Layer

Figure (1)

r/
I

I '5

-+ , ~ .~ "2,,( - J

':?

'2.,3 '2.

-e

JJ

'25

4 ("/ ~~uf~-b
..,. ,..

.~

."._.CJ-RJJ'~~ if~J . _~~ ~J'p.cr-r.~_..~ ~l .l ... ~.\.------,

.. ...

:,b-r~"f

't

'~_~
'
~

.. --._.....

00""

__ ._--_

't-~ -z--\ ~ . ~/.-_ .._---_...._-

"r'""""

;at

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l
I
I
I

cJ
\.

I
I
i
I
I

I
I

I
If\

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cJ

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00

(\

lJ
IJ'I

cJ

~.

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N

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...

1\

:J:-

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l"l

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/)/1 -

,r

tJ

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....

tf

rr

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V:
.:

--.t
.u.

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. '.,C

. .

x:
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r

fl

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~.
-

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._'._ .'_ ..... .

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__

...._-~~ .._-_.. .... .... .

\ .\.

c:J

...

- -

a) Draw the uplift pressure on the floor,

i \.i:J\
.1?
.

-0Y./\fLt
t1

~~-@.Jt ~
__

0,

<....S

,., 2.5

\'~o. U:::

\ "L '

P-z.. '::.

---~~~

r'-l

__

~.b

..

")

y - S'D

;'V'I.

2 .. 'tS

k- 0', 'i.,:S::

J .J',:;)

--l~~

6 .5

--'-_-.!~~ ~'\ -=

fs' ~ c. .c
J

/~h}}~~~~
~~

J;, L;.0..A. 0')

~)~\

..... c . Co::

J-J~o

1=.1

J"" 1.

~ .. .0, 5:0 -; .. q -S~ t 11'l'L~ ~8tJJ-G" - '

------. ~ --.-- ..- --.- __.__.1 .1- _-:.._.--$...0 "-'- -j ~_b..~s. - 2. 3:-~i-s ~~~- . ,
~ . . _ ---~ -_.

....,.t'Q..':!

S-G

'l.

- -- -- --.-

-.-....- .-

.1

..,.--

- - - --.

'<Os

~-=.~- --_-e.~..s.---=:. - ,,2 --- 7,.. 5 ._.".. '1~ _..,,--_......._' ---"-

<3

1l::r-=---:1

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...d.

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'l

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,..,

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tts-- .2J

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ifJ) !

J';J0

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. /'

t ~-:;. ~,~ ~- . ~ v-P/ "yJ ~

'r.

-.,.-

~ _~
,

,/

~ r'7'1 u-r- ~

\iJ

'2.

~;y ~~\., ~ ~ 6)

o \.~
,

1 -3 '1J -t/rv.

~,

6l

.A----+---~

\ if

.15--~
~

_a.....__ ..
~

._.._._... ."'...._...._. . . __

_ ._ ,~_
'

......_ ,....-...-....,.- . .-..-.._...... . . .."_......."'_.,,., "..,_-.............,., . .- .-. ...._....--.., ..-....:. .. ... ...__,...
~_

~~ . "

~- ~~~

...-_.

,". ,_. -'. .._

1 .ns
1

'.

__

-u.

o . <J 5

<, \.. '2-5

\'\ ;t() ~

---

\ ..~~

w'=-

L~S

.....

,-- -.,..,.

..--_..".-

__._.._ - --

- .

--- - ---.. _

...

_-_

..-. _ -

" .,

"

---..

_.. ...... _

.. ,. .... ,

,, ~

.. .,_

_-- -

c) check the stability of the structure against piping and heave, if the allowable
exit gradient is 0.14,

A-

cit ec: K-

~ tb(\~'\~
L

0,2.5

,(4..e. x Jl
o . \l\
Ok ..-J-~

"SCi

---.,so

j*

l---1I-------........~
---=-.-- - ...-. -

d) check the exit gradientusing Kh~sla's formula, and ':

' "

., - 0<.::.
0-

-'-ci-

S\ -

:::

-- '3_ 0

\ 5~ ~

5 "

\ 4-

rd.:

{t *Ol. 2

~.e

~.

L"2. \ 5'0""'"
\~ "'" "-11'. -=: 3-c~
_
.

./'

:::

i+

5 .0 ....

~ l-\- 9-0

~ 2. o~

2 c,

o _

0 -\

< c . \ t\

oY'-

~re:-1, ~

e) compute the quantity of seepage discharge. .

....-::

... .(3l-

,(3-

:,-.-*-3.. a

_~-~ .

..

~ :L:~ . ,
'2~ 0

: ., ".._- _.__.._ .

Problem No. (2)

Fi~YJustrates a longitudinal section in a clear overfall weir based on a

~l ay e:Y sand scil) You are asked to:

~~/~.

(9.50)

(6.00)

(6 .00)

. . CO.50) .

1 3 .00

~~-----20.00

.l

---.I

Figure (2)

'

"

''"

.. - --,. _--:--

~-

--- - - I

I I

[L

050

a) Check both percolation and scouring lengths if Cs = 10, and CL = 6.0,5

_

Ii!: 13

OJ .rp-e.y- Ga \ ~""' . \.e..::?\~ "

$~~~

. .'

.....
,

.,

-.
..."

< .

';.'

. .. . . ,, .

. ..

..

"

..

-=-6 9 ...--....... .....

..

''' ~' .

_.......,..... .. ._

- -.-- ,

L"':::

~\~~ -\ S- ~ '\.\
3

.....

'.5c. t 1 : o

-+

'2..

J .G

*4 ~

+-

'2.0

r.0

+ \+

2 ... 50.::'

L?

\.N~'('

\. s,

-=

0-

b S C. '3 .

~\"l~

~\\:.",
.

'j(

LJ (,u y

71

.....

~~r/--lll~-~_~-/ 1 . .~~r.~. ,q ~~%

_,_ _ .

-'- '- '-~-

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,'

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.

"e:Il

'~-

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)L. .a..... __

~ -""" " ""'::zr

I I ---'Lf"b..},, \.::Ci~y
,A.L.

. . , _.. . . . ., <- '-\:J- ~-~. N...;: .'-,....

-.--,,-- .~ ~-,

~3b -

~
.

"'.$

I"'.
. ,-1",1"

...

'V(

.=-.-.

-- ,

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_
, - .,.'-

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No" 3 [20 marks]

.Fig.( 2 ) shows a section through a weir based on homogenousisotropic sandy clay soHof
conductivity k = 40 m/day. Using a suitable scale draw the flownet, then carry out the
following:
.
.
.
'1 Draw the uplift pressure distribution along the floor,
'2. Draw the exit gradient distribution,
P Check the stability against piping. and heave if the allowable.gradient value Ior lhe
foundation soil is O. I3, and'"
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4 Compute the quantity ofseepage discharge per one meter. .

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