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Fluid balance charts are used to closely monitor fluid intake and output in patients to detect imbalance, especially in high-risk groups like the elderly and children. Accurately measuring and recording all fluids consumed and lost is crucial for patient wellbeing and early detection of issues, particularly in those taking diuretics. Nurses must properly assess patients through history, exams, observations, and labs to inform the fluid balance chart and identify any gains or losses.
Fluid balance charts are used to closely monitor fluid intake and output in patients to detect imbalance, especially in high-risk groups like the elderly and children. Accurately measuring and recording all fluids consumed and lost is crucial for patient wellbeing and early detection of issues, particularly in those taking diuretics. Nurses must properly assess patients through history, exams, observations, and labs to inform the fluid balance chart and identify any gains or losses.
Fluid balance charts are used to closely monitor fluid intake and output in patients to detect imbalance, especially in high-risk groups like the elderly and children. Accurately measuring and recording all fluids consumed and lost is crucial for patient wellbeing and early detection of issues, particularly in those taking diuretics. Nurses must properly assess patients through history, exams, observations, and labs to inform the fluid balance chart and identify any gains or losses.
Assessment of fluid balance requires close observation and monitoring of the
patient, recognizing that certain groups of patients such as the elderly and children are at particular risk. The fluid balance chart is used as a noninvasive tool to assess the patient's hydration status. The purpose of the procedure is that the accurate measurement in the recording of patients intake and output is crucial to the patients overall wellbeing. Also, close monitoring and observation of the patient will provide early detection of fluid imbalance, especially essential to patients who are administered diuretics. Before the procedure the nurse must perform handwashing, the universal precaution, and proper PPE gloves. Equipment used in the recording are blood pressure apparatus to measure blood pressure and central venous pressure; Weighing scale to measure weight; and Thermometer to measure temperature. Nurses convert glass, cup, or soup bowl to metric units (mL) to accurately measure intake and output. The nursing assessment of fluid balance should include: the patients history, physical examination, clinical observation and interpretation of laboratory results. A detailed account of the patients history should be taken especially the fluid intake and output. The nurse may have to rely on relatives and care givers to give this information if the patient is unable to. A clinical assessment of the patient should be carried out including vital observations such as measuring the blood pressure, pulse, respiration and temperature. The patients physical appearance should also be noted: attention should be paid to the skin, tongue, and face. The general well-being of the patient is also a good indication of fluid loss or gain. Central venous pressure (CVP) is a measurement of pressure in the right atrium of the heart. The CVP recording is a good indication to determine the amount of fluid contained within the body. After the procedure, handwashing must be done. After is the accurate and proper documentation. All fluid balance charts should be completed with the patients name, date, ward and hospital number. The nurse should record the type and amount of all fluids the patient has taken and lost and the route.