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npVlBena K TOMy, YTO Boopy:+::eHHble ClI1flbl pa3-

nporpaMMy YBenVlyeHlI1fl YlI1Cfl8HHOCTlI1 6pVl-

BlI1Bam1Cb KaK 6bl nO-II1H8pl.l,vH1, Ha OCHoa8

TaHCK"X BBC C 42 AO 83 3CKaAP"n"~. OAHa-

X0T11 MllOrOll,eJ1CBOH )l,ByxMOTOpHHK <,X3PPOy" Mor

crn,c

B TC-

'leHHC )1,0)H'01'0 BpeJ\JeHH npUlUCH.JITbClI B KaqeerBC JlCTaIOIu,CH KOJlOHHaJIbHOH +KaHOHcpKH", 1I0,ll,1Ul CBponCHCKoro

TB)J.

0>1

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'T.

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BO~He.

E)J;Ba ITOllBHBWUCh B CTpOeBhIX '1acrllX, BepTI<He .rJl3JJ;uaTophl' HeCMOTllJl Ha nOJIOCHTeJIhHWC OT3h1BM ITUJlOTOB, 6hlCTpO ycrapeJIU U
BCKOpe Ha'l3JIU BhlTeCHJlThCJI .XappUKeHHaMH'

OT

6~3HEC-KAACCA,

OBbl~ CKOPOCTHO~ oOMOapA"pOBl11"K

sen CBOIO pOAocnoBHylO aT nerKoro

Ba11CSI

K KAACCY
Ha

Me)KAyHapoAHoM

60M6APA~POBLU~KOB
napl.1)1(CKOM

n8pb np8ACTOfUlO n011yYl.1Tb CepTl.1cPl.1KaT 11eT-

MoneTa, cnpOeKTl.1pOBaHHoro ao BTOPO~ no-

53pHY3nn yMeHbW"n BblCOTY q,103enH>Ka "

nOB "He 1933 r. rnaBHblM KOHCTpyKTOpOM

QmpMbl .5p"CTOnb CllP3HKOM 53pHY3nnoM.

COKp8TI.1n 41.1Cll0 naCCIDKl.1pOB AO WeCT&.1llell0-

PblHOK a T8 rOAbi a OCHoaHOM 6b111 Hacblw,8H

llLilKa OH ysem1llHll AanbHOCTb n0118Ta 3a C4eT

HO~ rOAHocm. C 3TO~ L1enblO 5p"cTonb 142B "lOne 1935 r. np"Obln B neTHO-"cnblTaTenbHbl~ L1eHTp KopOneBCK"X BBC, pacnonaraBW"~CH B MapTnWeM-X"3. OH, 0YAY""
Y"CTO rpa>KAaHCKO~ MaW"HO~ (OOpTOBO"
KOA G-ADCl" HOMep R-12), no MaKC"Manb-

61.1nnaHaMI.1 1.1 yrfloBaTblMI.1 MOHonnaHaMI.1-

AonOnH&.1TellbHOrO 3anaca TOnllLilBa. MOAenb

C MOTOP8MI.1 -AKSI.111a TalOKe 6b1na nepenpo-

HO npl.1HSnbl~ Ha sOOPY)KeHI.18 I.1CTp861.1Teflb~

AByXMoTopHoro naCCa)l(l.1pCKOrO ca-

napaconb, TeXHI.11..leCKI.18 xapaKTepV1CTI.1KV1

aSt.1aCallOHe.

~To6b1 YllyYWVlTb CKOpocTHbie Ka4eCTBa,

BeK. OAHoBpeMeHHo no TpeOOBaH"1O 3aKa3-

HO~ CKOpOCTI.1 Ha 85 KM/I..l npeSblCYl11 HeAaB~

eKTvtpOBaHa, nOClle 4ero CTalla H83blsaTbCfI

.. 6PI.1CT011b 143. 103ells:1)K ee OCTallCSI BOCb-

O"nnaH .rnaA"aTop-!

MI.1MeCTHbiM 1.1 nOToMy 6b1n HeCKOJlbKO npo-

142' B KayeCTBe cpeAHero oOMOapA"poB'

)K8HHblM KpblnOM, paCCl..ll.1TaHHblH Ha nepe-

cTOpHee. Ooa Bap"aHTa YAanocb yH"q,"L1"pOBaTb np"On"3"TenbHO Ha 70%.

B TO BpeMH KaK "T"n 142. CTpO"nCH B Ka-

L1"". B Mae 1935 r. HayanbH"K wTaoa Kopo

neBCK"X BBC 3anpOC"n KOMnaH"1O .5p~

B03KY BOCbMI.1 naCCa)l(I.1pOB 1.1 3Kl.1na)K \.13 ABYX

lleCTBe 41.1CTO rpa>KAaHCKOC1 MaWI.1HbI, y MO-

CTOflb 0 S03MO)KHOCTIII nOCTaSKvt caMOneTOB

n\l1nOTOB. YT06b1 npeB3o!i;TI.1 KOHKypeHToB,

A811V1 -6PI.1CTOllb 143 nOs:lBl.1nl.1Cb nOTeHU\.1-

3Toro Tlllna a -3HalllllT8flbHblX KOfll.1l..leCTBax ...

63pHY3nn Bocn011b30SanCs:l HOBweCTBaM&.1 B

anbHble 3aKa3Y"K" B BoeHHO~ q,opMe. B Hayane 1935 r. q,"HCKOe npaB"TenbCTBO Ha4a-

Y3Haa 0 TaKo\:1 3a&.1HTep8CoaaHHOCTI.1, nOPA

6blll1.1 UellbHOM8TaJll1l-1lleCKas:l KOHCTpyKlI,V1S1 C

110 neperOBopbl 0 3aKynKe A8Bs:lTI.1 MHoroue-

T811bCTBY 1.1 B 1.110118 1935 r. I.1cnblTaHYlSl -6pl.1-

KnenaHHO~ pa60TatOw,e~ 06WLt1BK0C1 1.1 y61.1-

118BblX BoeHHblX caMOlleTOB Tl.1n 143F C

palOl11eeCH waCC".

MOTOpaM" "MepKYP"~ VI-52. f13IOM"HKO~

CTOllb 142", nonYllVlBw8ro on03HaaaTeJ1bHble 3HaKVI KoponeacKVlx BBe VI HOMep

KOTOpblX 6b1nl.1 BeCbMa nocpeACTB8HHblMVI.

B ycnoBI.1S1X OCTPO~ KOHKypeHlI,l.1V1 rflaBHblH
KOHCTpyKTOp CAenan cTaBKy Ha BblCOKl.1e neTHble AaHHble caMon8Ta V1 Bbl6pall Bapl.1aHT
ASYXMoTopHoro MOHonnaHa C Hl.13KOpaCnono-

CaMOJleTOCTpOeH\.1V1, OCHOBHblMI.1 1.13 KOTOpblX

nepcneKTI.1BY IIIcnOflb30BaTb 6PIIICT0l1b

L1.\I.1Ka He I.1CKfllOllam1 B MIIIHIIICTepCTse aSlo1a-

POTepM"p nOAap"n 5p"TH ClleCT npaB"-

B Ka4eCTBe CVlll0BO!i; yCTaHosKI.1 BHal..lane

&.1X KOHCTpyKlJ,l.11-1 AOll>KHb/ 6b1111.1 CTaTb CMeH-

K7557, Obln" npOAOn>KeHbl. B XOAe noneTOB

np8AnOllarall0Cb I-1cnOllb30saTb 3Be3Ao06-

Hble HOCOBbl8 \.1 XBOCTOBbie CeKlI,1.11-1 cPlO3ells:1-

OH npoAeMoHcTpl.1poaan npeKpacHble AaH-

pa3Hbie ABlt1raTenV1 B03AYWHoro OXlla)K,ll,e-

>t<a. npeAnOllarall0Cb, 4TO 3TOT ABynLilK&.1C'1

H~H AKB"na (Aquila) MOl11HOCTblO no 500

Hble: C nonHO~ HarpY3Koi1 npl.1 a3neTHo~

Macce 4248 Kr ero MaKCI.1ManbHaSl CKOpOCTb

n.C. Ka>KAbl~. OH" pa3paoaTblBan"Cb q,"PMO~ 5p"cTonb 3H>K"H KOMnaH" (Bristol

Engine Company) nOA pyKOBOAcTBOM POR

SlHyC' OYAeT "MeTb B "CTpeO"TenbHO-OOMoapA"pOBOYHOM Bap"aHTe B HOCOBO~ Typen~ 23-MM aBTOMaT"4ecKylO nywKy MaAceH (Madsen), (nyYWaH B TO BpeMH), a B

<t>eAJ,eHa. npoeKT MaWI-1Hb/ nonylll.111I-1HAeKc

XBOCTOBOC1 -

7,71-MM nyneMer -nblOl;1ClO

60eBo~ caMoneT OKa3anOCb He TaK y>t< TPYA-

.5p"CTOnb 135. Ee paCyeTHaR MaKC"ManbHaH

CKOpOCTb Aon>KHa oblna COCTaB"Tb 288 KM!Y.

HO. Ha"OOnbWe~ nepeAenKe nOABeprc.

L1eHTponnaH: YTOOb' OCBOOOA"Tb MeCTO nOA

OAHaKo MOTOpOCTp0I-1T811Li1 He ycnelll;1 CBoe-

(Lewis). Ha Hapy>KHblX oOMOOAep>KaTenRX

MaW"Ha Aon>KHa oblna HeCT" AD 600 Kr
OOMO. TpaHcnopTHbl~ Bap"aHT npeAHa3Ha-

speMeHHO nOArOTOBI.1Tb "ABI.1)KK&.1 1-1 BO 1-13-

llallCfI A11S1 nepeB03KI.1 BOCbMI.1 nacca)t(&.1pOB

-nOAHSlTb Kpblno, TP8HCepopM\.1POa8B H1.13-

Oe>KaH"e 3aAep>KK" B MapTe 1934 r. pa3pa-

"n" 700 Kr rpY3a. no pe3ynbTaTaM 3Kcnnya-

COCTaB"na 459 KM!Y, a HeHarpy>KeHHOrO AD 494 KM/Y'

npeapaTVlTb a03AywHbli1 m1MY3V1H" B

60M600TceK,

KOHCTpYKTopaM

np\.1WnOCb

Konn8H B cpeAHen11aH. 6blno YBen\.1lleHO no

6aTblBa8TcSI anbTepHaTI.1BHbll;1 Bapl.1aHT -

TaL1"" q,"HCKOe pyKOBOAcTBO coO"panocb

P83M8XY \.1 no nnow,aAVI XBOCTOBoe rOp\.130H-

5p"CTOnb 142- C AByMH MOTOpaM" B03AywHoro OXna>KAeH"H MepKYP"~ VI

(Mercury VI) MOl11HOCTblO no 640 n.C. OH
npeAHa3HayanCH AnH nOPAa POTepM"pa,

paccMoTpeTb Bonpoc a npV106peTeHI.1I-1 111.1u,eH3Li1I.1 Ha Lt1X npOYl3BOACTBO. HeCMOTps:l Ha

Tal1bHoe OnepeH\.1e, KOTopoe T3K>Ke cnerKa

-CAaI.1Hym1 aaepx, llT06b1 BblaeCT\.1 ero 1.13

Ae~l1l.1

B11aAellbll,a

110HAOHCK0C1

ra3eTbI

Me~Jll>, KOTOPblC'1 peWLi1fl npoAeMoHcTplt1pO-

3aMaH41.1BOCTb np08KTa, MOA8nb 143Fll OC-

a03Myw,eHHoro KpblnOM B03AYWHoro nOTO-

Tal1aCb Ha CTa.o.&.1V1 HaTypHoro MaKera, T.K.

Ka. AnSI 3aw,I.1TbI OT VlcTpe6V1Tene~ a XBOCTO~

np"Op"TeT obln oTAaH HY>KAaM KoponeBCK"X BBC. Ho Bce >Ke 3TO obln nepBbl~ 3C-

aoC; ceKUvtl.1 cPlO3ens:l>K3 CMOHH1pOaanl.1 nonYYO"paeMylO Typenb C 7,71'MM nYneMe.

TOM .JlblO"C, OTpaooTaHHylO el11e Ha 143-"

BaTb sceMy MI.1Py B03MO)KHOCTI.1 Ben1.1K06-

KI.13HbI~

pV1TaHV11.1 B CTp0&.1TellbCTS8 cospeMeHHblx

AaHcKo~ MaWI.1HbI.

npoeKT 60esoro Bapl.1aHTa rpa)t(-

MOAe11I.1, 8 aTOpo~ nyneMeT Taro >t<e K3n1l16-

rpa>t<A8HcKI.1X caM011eTOS. npeCTV1)KHbl(;; 06-

12 anpenH 1935 c mn 142 BnepBble nOA-

pa 5payH"Hr FN (Brauning FN) yCTaHOB"-

pa3eL1 obln HeOOXOA"M eMy " AM CKOpOCT-

HfincSI B B03AYX C 3aBOACKoro a3pOAPOMa a

11&.1 B Tonw,8 n8a0l;1 KOHC011I.1. BOT co6CTBeH-

HblX nepeneTOB 1.13 OAHO~ eBponeli!cKo!i; CTO-

V111ToHe. nOHal..laJlY B XOAe nepBblx nOlleTOB OH

HO 1.1 Bce OCHoaHbl8 1.13MeHeHI.1S1, aH8C8HHble

n"L1bl B APyrylO. CllaKT"YeCK" 53pHY3nn pa3-

&.1cnbiTblBa11CSI C 1..l8TblpeXllonacTHblMVI AepeBSlHHblMI.1 BI.1HTaMI.1 nOCTOSlHHoro wara, KOTO-

B KOHCTpyKL1"1O 142-~ MOAen".

npOeKT 142M nocne OOCY>KAeH"H B A"-

pa60Tall He 06blllHbl~ naCCa)KV1pCKL.1(;; a3ponllaH, a nepBbI!i; S CBoeM Kllacce -caMoneT

pble 6b1JlI.1 nOA06paHbI AJls:I AOCTI.1>KeHI.1s:l Hal.1-

MOTOpaMI.1 -MepKy-

6011bwe~ CKOpocT&.1 1.1 He 06ecnelll.1BaJll-1 OnTII1-

MaR 1935 r. obln oAoopeH. KOHCTpyKTOpbl He

VI no paC48TaM KOHCTpyKTOpOB OH Mor

pa3B"Tb CKOpOCTb AD 336 KM!Y Ha BblCOTe
2000 M. B "IOHe 1934 r. 3aKa3Y"K BHec no-

MallbHblX B3neTHO-nOC8,A04HblX xapaKTepl.1CTI.1K. BnOClleACTBI..U1 &.1X 3aMeHI.1111.1 Ha TpeXllO-

Teps:lnl.1 HaAe>KAY YCTaHOB\.1Tb Ha MaWI.1HY "

nepCneKTI.1BHble ABl.1raTenl.1 -AKBl.1na", o6na-

naCTHbl8 AByxwarOBble nponennepbl .. raMl.1nb-

AaBWl.1e 60nbwe~ 3KOHOMI.1llHOCTblO 1.1 I.1M8S-

Allf1 6&.13HeCMeHOB.
p&.1C1

1l0BI.1HY cornacosaHHoC'1 CyMMbl, S KOTOpylO

OL1eH~BanaCb

onblTHaR MaW"Ha (18500

q,yHTOB CTepn"HroB). A neTOM 1935 r. MaKeT
caMoneTa 5p"cTonb 135 AeMOHCTp"PO-

B 4:HClIe ,ll,pyrHX
BBC

Becnon

TOH CTaHAaPT (Hamilton 5tandart). rOPA"BW"~CH CBO~M np"OOpeTeH"eM nOPA POTepMl.1p npI.1CB0I-111 caMollery I.1Ms:l 5PIo1TH et>eCTlO

(Britain First - 5p"TaHcK"~ nepBbl~')' Te-

HOBeH.1UHX CaMO}H~TOB, .6pHCTOJIb

1935

142. 6blJ1

peKTopaTe TeXHVllleCKI.1X pa3pa60TOK B KOHlJ,e

wl.1e rl.1J1b30BOe pacnpeAen8Hl.1e, B OTJH1lll.1e

OT 30nOTHI.1KOBOrO, KOTOpblM 6blJll.1 oCHaw,8-

Hbl MOTOpbl MapK" .MepKYP"~ VI-52-. no

paCyeTaM cneL1"an"CTOB .5p"cTonb 3~p

npO,ll,eMoHCTpHpoBaH BbIcIIleMY KOMaH,ll,OB3IfHIO KopOneBCKJfX

r H3 aBHa6a3e B X3H,lJ,OHe. nOKa CalUOJleT qHClIHTCJllJHCTO rpa)t(JJ,aHCKOH: MalUHHOH H HeceT COOTBeTCTBytO

11.1,)'10 l\IapKHpoBk1' (JleBbl" CHHMOK). MbTepHaTHBHbIH npoeKT .lipHCTOJlb

MOAeJlH H 6b1J1 C HHH YHHcjJHI.\HPOB3H npH6JIH3HTeJlbHO H3

143. HMeJI

70% (np3BblH CHHMOK).

He3Ha1.JHTeJIbHbIe OTJlHlJHJI 0'1'

142-"

na~H KOMnaHII1 111 CTparerOB 1113 Ya~TxoIlIla,

paA~YC Ae~CTB~" HOBoro 60M6apA~pOBllI~

Ka, OCHaUJ,eHHOrO 3TII1MlIl MOTOpaMII1, C Yl.leTOM 4aCOBoro a3pOHaBII1ralJ,1I10HHOrO 3anaCa
roplO~ero AOIl:+:.eH 6blIl paBH51TbC51 He MeHee

1100

KM! 3ro n03BOIlIl1110

6b!

B cllY4ae B03-

HlIlKHOBeHlIl51 KPlll3l1lCHbiX clIlTyalJ,lIl~ "AOCTa-

BaTb

60M6apA~pOB04HblM~ YAapaM~

npaK-

n1~eCKl-1 11Io60~ 1113 06beKTOB lleHTpaIlbHol:1

Eaponbl, BKIlI04a51 5epmtH!

OAHaKO B pe3YIlbTaTe npOVl3BeAeHHblX 1113MeHeHVI~ o6w,a51 Macca KOHCTpyKlJ,lIllll nIlaHe-

pa B03pocna

n04T~

Ha 900 Kr

paC4eTHa"

MaKCl-1MallbHa51 CKOpOCTb 6oM6apAlllpoBUJ,lIlKa

CH~3~naCb AO

KOl:1

454

422 KM/4 C 60M60BO~ HarpY3-

Kr. TaK KaK AOBoAKa MOTOpOB no-

npe)l(HeMy He YAaBanaCb, TO B 1IlIOHe 6b111 nOAroToBlleH 3CKVl3HbI~ npoeKT 60M6apAlIlpoB-

U1~Ka C AB~raTen"M~ -MepKYP~~ VIII-. OH XOHI III 6b1Il T51:+:.ellee, HO, 611arOAap51 HeCKOllbKO
ny~wel:1 a3pOAIIIHaMII1Ke III B

1,5 pa3a 6oIlbwe~

MOUJ,HOCTII1 MOTOpOB, AOIl:+:.eH 6b111 pa3BVlTb

CKOpOCTb 447 KM/4 Ha BblCOTe 4600 M, 4TO

06ecne4~no eMY npe~MYllIecTBo B rna3ax
CnelJ,VlaIlIllCTOB BoeHHoro BeAOMCTBa.

K Hal.la-

ny aBryCTa -6p~cTOnb 142M C napo~ -MepKyp~eB VIII 6bln KOHCTpYKTopaM~ nOAP06HO

npopa60TaH.

142.

.6pHCTOJlb
CKHX

BBe B

.6p~cTonb

142M

MVlHlIlcTepcTBo aBlIlau,VlIIl nO,ll,rorOBlIlIlO

3aAaH~e B.28/35, ~ 22 aBryCTa 1935 r.

1936 r.

Ha CaMOJleTe nOJlBHJIHCb 6pllTaHcKHe

KOKap,lJ,W, 'ITO MBOpHT 0 npHHa,rvte)K]fOCTH MaUIHHbl BoeHHO-B03m'!UHbIM CHJlal\l.

3AnVCK B npO~3BOACTBO
a OCHOBe npoeKTa

B3JleTaeT C a3pO)l,pOMa JleTHO-HCllblTaTCJlbHoro l\CHTpa KOpOJleB-

MapTJlllJeM-XII3, HtOJlb

~ np~HSlT~E

POIlbHble lIlcnbnaHI.151.
cneAYJOllI~e TP~

Ao

rOTOBble

V1X 3asepWeHlIl51
MaW~Hbl

npeAY-

HA

BOOPV)I(EH~E

K "HBapJO 1938 r. BblnycK B03pOC n04T~ B 4eTblpe pa3a. K TOMY BpeMeH~, KorAa KoponeB-

CMoTpVlTeIlbHo nplllAep:+:.anll1 S C60P04HOM

CKVle BBC OCSalllsaIlVI nepsble ceplII~Hble

.6p~cTonb 3~pKpaQlT KOMnaH~ nonY4~na

3aKa3 Ha 150 60M6apA~poBllI~KOB.OnbiTHbl~ ca-

Llexe Ha chY4a~, ecn~ nOTpe6YJOTC" nepeAen-

"oneHXeallMbl MKI .. , "oplllcTonb y>Ke I.1MeIla

MOlleT peWlIlIlIll He CTpOIl1Tb, TaK KaK TVln 142

POB n051BlIlIlIl1Cb ynpasnSleMbie CTBOpKVI, C no-

5lpKO

KII1.

It1

He HanpaCHO. BCKope Ha KanOTax MOTO-

BTOPO~ 3aKa3 Ha 568 60M6apA~poBllI~KOB.

KOHTpaKT 6bln nOAn~caH 11 ~JOn" 1936 r. Ellie
50 caMoneTOB 3aKa3an~ BBG <P~Hn"HA~~ ~

B03-

MOUJ,blO KOTOpblX nlIlIlOT Mor peryIlVIpoBaTb

MO::+::HOCTVI KOHCTpyKIJ,IIlIll. Ynop AellallC51 Ha

TeMneparypy ABlr1raTeIlea:1, nplr1Wll0Cb TalOKe

IOrocnaslIIlIl. MYlHII1CTepCrBo aBlI1alJ,l-1V1 He IIIC-

6blCrpOTy BHeApeHIIl51 B np0Il13BOACTBO. nepBbI~ BbiweAwlIll:1 1113 C60pO~Horo lJ,exa 60M-

Aopa6OTaTb

B03Ayx03a60pH~K~

KJ1104anO, 4TO B CIlyl.lae BO&l1HbI npeAnpl.151TIII51

aSlIlanpOMblWJleHHOCTIIl cTaHyT nepS004e-

AOCTaTO~HO

npoAeMoHcTp~1poBaIl

6apA~pOBllI~K nOAH"nc" B B03AYX 25 ~JOH"

1936 r. nOclle HeCKOIlbKIIlX nOIleTOB, n03BO-

JllllBWIIlX yCT.paHlIlTb P51A MellKII1X Ae4>eKToB,

ero OTnpaBII11111l B Mapmw3M-XlIl3 Ha KOHT-

Kap6JOpaTO-

pOB. OTKa3a.mtCb III OT KOKOS BlIlHTOB, He AaBaBWVlX npaKTWleCKVI BbllI1rpblWa B CKOpOCTVI.

peAHblM~ Llen"M~ All" BBG BepO"THOro npo-

MaWVlHbI nOWlll-1 C KOHse&i1epa B KOHlJ,e

TIIlSHIIIKa, n03TOMY peweHO 6blJlO C03AaTb P51A

r. CHa4aIla MeC514Hbl~ TeMn npOVl3S0A-

TaK Ha3blSaeMbiX -TeHesblx" 3asOAOB. nepBO

CTBa COCTaSIl51Il He 60Ilee wecn1 eAVlHlI1lJ" HO

Ha~allbHO 3TO KaCaJlOCb ASYX <p1t1PM, KOTopble

1936

OAHH H3 nepBblX '1eTblpeX cepHHHblX ca'WJleTOB - llo-c)'u.(eCTBY 3T3J10H )I,JllI BwnycKa B 1937 r. He COBce.. JICHa O'lcpe)l,IIOCTb npOBO)l,.HBWHXCJI H3MeHeHHH:. 06TeKaTeJIH BTyJlOK npOneJIJlepOB CHJlTbI, HO XBocrOBoe KOJleCO no npe:H'HeMY coxpa
"ReT B03MO)KJJOCTb y60pKH B nOJlere.

npe)l(J\e npOH3BOAH11H aBTOM06H11H - -OCTHH' (Austin) H -Pyrc. (Rootes). B YaCTHOCTH,

-Pyrc. n011YYH11a 3aKa3 Ha 600 611eHxe~
MOB, CaMoneTbi AOIl)l(eH 6b111 BblnYCKaTb 38-

BOA B CnHKe. OAHOBpeMeHHO KOHTpaKT Ha

nocTpo~KY 250 60M6apAHpoBUlHKOB 3aKllIOYH11H TalOKe C HPMO~ -ABPO" C06HPall HX
HOBbI~ 3aBOA B YeAAepToHe, nepeAaHHbI~
3TO~ KOMnaHIo1~ npaBlilTenbCTBOM. Bcero)l(8 K
KOHuY 1936 r. Kopo11eBcKHe BBC 3aKa3allH B
06U1e~ C110lKHOCTH 1568 60eBblx MaWHH (HeKOTopble H3 HHX B AallbHe~WeM 6b111H nepeAaHbI BBC APyrHx cTpaH, BKlllOyaR HH11RHAHIO, IOroc11aBHIO H rpeuHIO). ApyrHx 3aKa30B
Ha 6J1eHXe~M. He nocTYnano ennOTb AD KOH-

nepBhlH CepHHHhIH .6J1eHXeH.. Mkh

B nOJleTe. Ha KanOTax "OTOpOB y>Ke
nO.HBHJIHCb ynpaBJlHeMhIe )l(aJII03H,

HO 06TeKaTeJlH B'l)'JlOK npOneJlJlepOB

eW;e CTOJIT, OT HIfX BCKOpe OTKaJKyTCR,

KaK BnpO'leM, H OT y6Hpae'Wro XBOCTOBOrO KOJIeCa.

B C60pO'lHOM I.\eXe aBHa3aBOII.a qlHpMhI .6pHcrOJlb' B <IlHJITOUe.

ua 1938 r., KorAa -eAHHHYKY' Ha C60pOYHblX

!WIHIMIX 'fYKe CMeHli1na

~eTB6PKa.

B KOHue 1936 r. -611eHxe~MbI- HaYallH

nocrynaTb Ha BOOPYlKeHHe Kopo11eBcKHx
BBC. nepBo~ HX n011yYH11a 114-R 3CKaAPH11bR 60M6apAHpOBOYHOrO KOMaHAoBaHHR,
6a3HpoBaBwaRcR B YHToHe H 11eTaBwaR AO
3Toro Ha OAHOMOTOpHblX 6Hn11aHax -XapTax- (Hart), HX MaKCHMallbHaR CKOpOCTb He
npeBblWalla 300 KM!Y. npH nepeXOAe Ha
HOBylO TexHHKy He YAa110Cb H36elKaTb Yn.
OTnpaB11eHHbI~ K MecTy AHC110KauHH 10
MapTa 1937 r. YeTBepTbI~ cepH~HbI~ caMO11eT 6b111 pa36HT npH nOCaAKe H cnHcaH: y
Hero 3aKIWIHIo1J10 TopMoaa,

&.1

MaWIo1Ha CKano-

THpOBalla. Ho BCKope nOAocne11H APyrHe. K

anpe1110 3CKaAPH11bR n011yYH11a 21 60M6apAHPOBUlHK H 6b1lla n011HOCTblO yKoMn11eKTOBaHa. CnycTR ABa MeCRua nepeBOOPYlKH11H
90-10 3CKllAPH11blO B 6HyeCTepe, 3a He~ 44-10 B YOAAHHrTOHe.
K KOHuY aBrycTa 1938 r. 17 3CKaAPH11H~
Kopo11eBcKHx BBC 11eTa11H Ha -611eHxe~
Max., 15 H3 HHX HaxOAH11HCb HenocpeAcTBeHHO B MeTpono11HH. B Aon011HeHHe K
114, 90-~ H 44-~ 3CKaAPH11bRM Ha HOBbie
60M6apAHpOBUlHKH nepeW11H 21, 34. 57,
61,62,82,101.104,107,108, 109-R H
139-R. nOYTH oAHoBpeMeHHo C nocryn11eHlo1eM caMoneToB B yaCH1 nepBo~ m1Hlo""1
npoH30w11a peopraHH3auHR 60M6apAHpOBOYHOrO KOMaHAoBaHHR: 15 3CKaAPHIlIo1&il tlCnaHlo1ene&il. ceem1 BABe 60M6apAI.1
pOBOYHble rpynnbl (2-10 H 5-10). nOCK011bKY
Io1MeHHQ B 3TO epeMH aHrJlIil&i!cKlo1M napna-

MeHTOM 06CYlKAa11CR Bonpoc 0 C03AaHHH

3KcneAHuHOHHblX CH11 AllR BeAeHHR onepauH~ B EBpone, TO 06.e rpynnbl CKOpOCTHblX 60M6apAHpoBUlHKOB A011lKHbI 6bl11H
CTaTb OCHOBO&i! aeHalV10HHoro KOMnOHeHTa an1X CL1J1.

BhlJleTeBlllHH 10 MapT:! 1937 1'. Ha

aBHa6a3y YHTOH 'IeTBepThlJi CepHH-

HhIH CaMOJIeT pa36HJ1CJ1 npH nOC3AKe

U3-3a HecnpauHOCTH TOpM030B, Ha-

MepTBO 3a"'aBWHX II.HCKH KOJIeC ocHOBHhIX creeK waCCH.

BblnycK 00MOapA~p08U\~K08 8 Ben~Koo

p~TaHIiH1

XOTH III MeA/1eHHO, HQ HapaCraJ1 a.1 HO-

Bbie caMoneTbi HayanVl npoCa"ivtSaTbCR Ha 38-

MopCK_e a8_aOa3bl.

nep80~

3a pyoe",oM Ha

3TOM nme CaMQnera crana JleTaTb 30-f1 3CKaAPil1J1bR, HaXOAIIIBwaRCR B 1I1paKe Ha aBvta-

oa3e Xa55aH~ .

Crpoesble neT'WIKIII

BblCQKO

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6J1eHXe~M MKI, He 6e3 OCHOeaHL1&i1 C'U1TaR

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aTOM Knacce. n_nOTbl npoU\M_ eMy TeHAeHl\>110 Kpaa80pory 8ne80 np~ pa30ere _ He8~
Hbl~ 0030P 8 CTOpoH"'. C AByM. MOTopaM_
.MepKYP_~ VIII- np~ HopManbHO~ noneTHO~
Macce 5600 Kr ~ 00M0080~ HarpY3Ke 454 Kr

BOM6apAHPOBIIJ,HKH 44-H aCKa,lIpHJlLH. CaMOJleTLI npHHa,1I,1Ie>KaT K paHHH1\1 CepHJlM BhlnycKa H nOToMY Hl\le-

lOT y6HpalO~CJI XBOCTOBYIO CTOHKYwaCCH.

Blenheim Palace - P0/l:OBaJI peaH/l:enI.\HH repl.\OrOB MaJIL60po. 3TOT

POCKOWHLlH /l:BOpel.\ 6L1J1 nO/l:apen
KOpOJleBOH AHnoH ,lI,>Kony 'Iep'lHJlJlIO
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no oqmL1_anb-

HbiM AaHHblM MOrJllll .neTaTb C MaKCIIIMaJ1bHolit

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MaccoBolit nOCrpOYlKVI HeCKOJlbKO nOlepR/WI B

CKOpocm: OHa He npe8",wana 426-428 KM/Y.

Haoop B"'COT'" 4570 M aaH~Man 9 M~H 12 c,
paooY~~ nOTOnOK COCTaBn.n 9150 M, AanbHOCTb noneTa - 1569 KM np_ Kpe~cepcKO~
CKOpOCT_ 265 KM/Y.
CyU\ecT8YIOT TP_ Bepc_~, comaCHO KOTOPblM .6p~cTonb 142M- nonyy_n Ha~MeHO-

BaHllle 5neHxelitM.

no OAHolil, era HapeKJlVl

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13 aBrycTa 1704 r. Bo~cKaM_ aHrn_yaH _
a8CTp~~L1eB nOA KOMaHAOBaH_eM capa
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OaBapL1aM_. no APyro~ - 8 yeCTb POAOBO~
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Palace
(6neHxe~McK~~
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nOAapeHH"'~ Kopone80~ AHHO~ B 1704 r. nepBOMy repL10ry Manboopo A*OHy lIepY~nnlO 8
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rpeTbelit - no Ha3BaHIIlIO OAHoro 1113 MeCrel.jeK

B HOBO~ 3enaHA__ . Ho aK_na",_ RAF BKnBAblBaJ1vt B Hero Bce )1(8 co6CTseHHblIit CMblCll T8K IIlMeHoeam1 6b1CrpOHOrIllX, OXOTHIIIYblllX
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repL10rOB ManbOOpo. nOCKonbKY oyKBanbHoe

npOYTeH_e .6neHxe~M- y Hac npOYHO yKopeHIIIJ10Cb, XOTR III He RBJ1ReTCR BepHblM, Mbi 6yAeM 101M n0J1b30BaTbCR B AaHHO~ pa60Te, HO
YK~eM,

YTO Blenheim npO_3HOC_TC. 8 AHr-

J1111111 KaK CIl6J1eHIIIM.

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Mill

nOTa~HO~

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r~APOnp~BOAOM, 3aH_Man_ np~MepHO 60%

pa3Maxa Kpblna. 3nepoHbl T_na .6p_cTonbcDpa~3- (naTeHT KOMnaH_~ .6p~cTonb-) OKono 33% pa3Maxa __ Men~ nOAooHo oc-

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paBHRJ1aCb

12,12 M, a B"'COTa (no KOHL1Y nonacm) - 3,7 M.

Macca nycTo~ MaW~H'" COCTaBn.na 3363 Kr,
a B3neTHa. - 5947 Kr. cDI03en.", T_na MOHOKOK
coo_panc. ~3 Tpex CeKL1~~. B KayeCTBe 00WIIIBKIII 6b1J1 nplllMeHeH J1I11CTOBO~ AlOpaJ1b

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Bce TOT )Ke J1I11CTOBO~ AlOpanb C nOTa~HO~

C8000AHoHecyU\ee onepeH_e o",no L1enbHO-

CMOTpJIH'IHOro COCTaBa H MaT'iaCTH 114-H aCK3/l:pHJILH BO BpeMH TOp>KeCTBellHOH l.\epeMOHHH

no CJIY'IalO nOJIY'leHHH 1l0BLIX 60M6apAHPOB~HKOB.ABHa6aaa YHTOH, Becna 1937 r.

DepXH1lJl 4>103eJlJDKHaJI TypeJIL .I)PHCTOJIL MId., oCHa~eH

HaJl7,71-01M nyJIeMeTOM .DHKKepc K H3P~HaJI TeCHOTa B
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He;J.OCTaTO'lHLlMH 6LIJI H CeKTOpLl o6CTpeJIa.

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HO pyneBble

nosepXHOCH1, KaK lit anepOHbl, 06n~rlo1Banlo1Cb

nonOTHOM. Bce pyn~ nony"~n~ aapOA~HaM~

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Ha BblCOTe 4267 M 840 n.C. AB~raTen~ 6bl-

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43,2 n HaXOA~n~Cb B
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craJlbHblMI-1

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nOHlKepoHy
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wacclo1

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HIo1)1(He&il yaCTIo1 MOTorOHAOJ1. OCHOBHbl8

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B HOCOBOLit l.Jacn1 eplO3emDKa yCTynoM

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7,71

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MM,

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""M8eWa.1M Mara3101HHoe n1HaHIo18, HaxOAliIflCR
B XBOCTOBOLit CeKlJ,IIH1.

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TaHHe H 6oe3anac 500 naTpoHoB. 60M6oBaR Harpy3Ka o6U1e~ Macco~ 454 Kr

pa3MelL\anaCb B OOMoooTceKe B
u,eHTpaJlbHOLil "iaCTIII to3enR>Ka. OHa COCTORfla ~3 napbl

227 -Kr (500-<!>YHTOBbIX)

HnH 4eTbipex
113,5-Kr
(250-<!>yHTOBbIX) 60M6.
KpoMe TOro, B lleHTponflaHe

n03aA~

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TeCHYJo, JlOKTeByIO CB>l3b, HO KpyrHTb B
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TenbHblX IIIflVl CVlrHaflbHbfx OOMO. KpOMe TOro,

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12 KOHTeVlHepoB,

B Ka)j(J\OM 1113

KOTOPblX HaXOAHnHCb yeTblpe 49-Kr (20-cj>yHTOBble) OCKOnDYHo-<!>yracHble HnH 3a)l(HraTenbHble 60M6bl. ,ll,pyro~ BapHaHT 3arpY3KH
COCTORfl 1113 BOCbMIII KOHTeVlHepOB, B Ka>KAOM

H3 HHX HMenOCb no yeTblpe 18,2-Kr (40-<!>yHTOBble) 60M6bl. Yye6Hble H MapKepHble 6oenpHnaCbl, a TaK)I(e AblMOBaH annapaTypa,
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B PSiAV COBPEMEHHVlKOB

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1937 r., 6b1n Aanexo He eA~HCT

BeHHblM CXOPOCTHbiM 60M6apA~poBU\~XOM B
3TOM KnaCce 60eBbiX MaW~H, HaXOA~BW~XC.
Ha BOOPYJKeH~~ BBC pa3HblX CTpaH. XPOHOnor~_ecx~ n~~pOBan~ 3AeCb .HX~-. B 1930
r. aMep~xaHcxa. ~pMa rneH n.MapT~H
KOMnaH~- (Glenn L. Martin Company) B ~H~
L1~aT~BHoM nop.Axe np~cryn~na x C03AaH~1O
AByxMoTOpHoro 60M60B03a, He ycrynalOU\ero no CXOPOCT~ ny"W~M ~cTpe6~Ten.M Tora

TenbHoe Boopy~eH~e COCTo.no ~3 Tpex

7,62-MM nyneMeTOB. ABa ~3 H~X, pacnono>KeHHblX B orHeSbiX TQl.fKax aaKpblToro nma,

CXOpOCTb noAnpblrHyna- cpa3y AO 430 XM/_!

Con~AHblM 6b1no ~ Boopy~eH~e: 1250 xr
60M6 ~ _eTbipe nyneMeTa, np~_eM, TP~ ~3

np~xpblBan~

H~X 6b1n~ xpynHoxan~6epHblM~.

cBepxy

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a TpeT~~ CMOHT~poBan~ B

~ CH~3Y,

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HaC_~TblBan

4-5 _en OBex.

8eXT~BHOCTb np~MeHeH~. nocneAH";X

B .HBape 1932 r. MOAenb 123. (model

123), xax Ha3Ban~ MaW~HY, cOBepw~na nepBbI~ noneT. np~MeH~B B ee XOHCTPYXL1~~
y6~palOU\eec. wacc~, 3axpblnx~, nponennepbl ~3MeH.eMoro wara, BHYTpeHHlO1O
nOABecxy 60M6 ~ APyr~e HOBweCTBa, _TO
CTaHeT HOPMO~ An. caMoneTOB 3Toro KJ1acca TOnbXO _epe3 5-7 neT, K5 ~PMbI nowno
Ha onpeAeneHHbI~ p~CX. BeAb B TO BpeM.

B 06naCT~ a3pOA~HaM~X~ 6b1na

Aoxa3aHa B XOAe ~cnblTaH~~. Ho BOOPYJKeHHble c~nbl CWA He H~an~Cb TorAa B MaccoBOM CXOpOCTHOM 60M6apA~pOBU\~xe ~ 3a
nep~OA C 1932 no 1938 r. ~x cYMMapHbI~ BbInycx COCTaB~n oxono 500 eA~H~L1.
OAHaKo s:lHKIo1 He Aonro OCTaeal1lo1Cb B
oA~Ho_ecTBe. B oXT.6pe 1934 r. B B03AYX
nOAH.nc. ~Tanb.HCX~~ S.79, pa3pa60TaHHbI~ B K5 ~PMbI SIAl. OH npoexT~pOBanc.
KaK BOCbMII1MeCTHbiVi nacca>KlI1pcKII1V1 nav.Hep, XOTOPbl~ Aon~eH 6b1n np~H.Tb y_acT~e
B Me~YHapoAHblx raHxax Ha Tpacce nOHAOH - Menb6YPH. HeAoBeAeHHocTb c~noBo~

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pac.... anKa~Ut OTHtOAb He C"'Ilo1TanaCb apxa~3MOM. nnlOCbI XOHCTPYXL1~~, XOTOPblM~ 06naAan HOBbI~ MapT~H-60M6ep., B rna3ax
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Ii1Tal1bRHCKHX 60esblx CaMQneTQB BTOpOV.

BpeMeH~.

MH

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npaBory HOBaTopOB: np~ Maxc~ManbHo~
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AeHcTB"'A, a ReperoHo'HylO AanbHocTb AOBeCT'" AO 2800 KM. nOA BHeWH"'M'" 'aCTAM'"
KOHconeH npeAycMOTpen", yCTpoHcTBa aBapHHHoro C/Uo1Ba Tonl1li1Ba AJlR YMeHbweHIiIR B

cnY"ae He06xoA"'MOCT'" nOCBAO'HOH MaCCbI,

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6oM60AeplKaTenA. Ha H"'X MOlKHO 6b1no nOABeC"'Tb no OAHOH 227-Kr 60M6e ",n", no ABe
113,5-Kr. 3TO nOAHAno 60M60BylO HarpyaKY
AO 908 Kr. 8 peaynbTaTe HOBoBBeAeH"'H
BaneTHaA Macca Bblpocna AO 6356 Kr, 'TO He-

eplilPMbI

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BOM nO)I,BeweHa 227-Kr 6oM6a, a Ha npaBOM)I,IIe no 113.5 Kr.

raTIiIBHblM 06pa30M OTpa31i1110Cb Ha B3neTHOnOC8A04HblX xapFlKTeplilcTIilKax iii MaKCIiIM8J1b-

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1.

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AOBeAA AaHHble AO ypOBHA onbiTHOH Maw"'HbI, paaB"'BaBweH, KaK YlKe rOBop",neCb, AO
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npaKT~~eCKOro nOTonKa C 8250 M AO 6700 M
CAenano HOBbl~ 6oM6apA~poBU\~K AOBonbHO
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n04H1 30% 3anaca 6eH3101Ha caMoneT nnOXQ

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BpeMeHIi1.
nepBOHayaJ1bHO c<6neHXe&llM MKIVII BbInYCKaJ1C~ C BoopY)KeHIi18M, aHaJ10r1i1YHblM

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n03lKe - Typenb MKIIIA C AayMH TaK~M~ nyneMeTaM~. OAHaKo ynYYWeH~" npoaoA~
Jl&.1Cb MeAfleHHo, a nOTOMY 6onbwas:t yaCTb

60M6apA~poaw~Koa aCTpeT~na pOKoao"

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11"

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lJ,Vls:l 1.1 3Toro npoeKTa TaK>Ke 3aTRHynaCb.

Tyr-To III BCnOMHlr1nVl 0 6neHxeVlMe MKI,

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n8THbiX xapaKTep14CH1K 633080\4 MOAem1, a
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Macce 4568 Kr caM011eT no MaKC\.1ManbHoil!

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CKOpocm onepeA~n He TOnbKO "Xapp~Ke~H"

(Hurricane), HO ~ "HBAe><AY HaL1~~" - HOBe~
w~~ .Cn~T<jla~p (Spitfire), pa3B~B Ha BblCOTe 4570 M 579 KM/"' SoopY)l(eHHbl~ KBapTe-

HO-TeXH\.1'-ieCKlr1e xapaKTepLr1CTVlKLr1 6a3080Lll

TOM 20-MM aBTOMaTVI'-ieCKIi1X nYW8K 5pl.1T~w-lI\cnaHo

HS404"
(Sritish-Hlspano

n\.1 3a6nOKVlposaHbi B 3aKpblTOM nonO)KeHVlVI,

HeCMorpR Ha npOTIo1BopelllllBOCTb III RBHylO

aM6V1lJ,Vl03HOCTb

rpe60aaHVlVl,

nO,ll,06HbI8 Ma-

WlI1HbI nO,ll,tn"M8mllCb B He60, npOXOAV1J11i1 li1CnbiTaHIIlR, 3anYCKaJ1V1Cb B ceplt'uo. Ho aHrm1yaHaM K Hayany

STope II! M\IlPOBOLil BOHHbI T3K III

He YAanOCb C03AaTb HI.1 OAHoro nO-HaCTORLlt8My YAa'-iHOrO TR>K8nOro I.1cTpe6l.1TenR.

,,5neHxeHM MKIF, RBnRBWI.1HCR I.1cTpe61.1-

HS404) C

cYMMapHo~ Macco~

ceKyHAHoro

TenbHot1 MOAI.1Q>I.1KalJ,l.1e~ CKOpOCTHoro 60M-

3anna C8blwe

6apA~pOBU\~Ka, 6bln BeCbMa AaneK OT ~Aea

na, KaK 1.1 60nbWI.1HCTBO npeABoeHHblX KOHCT-

nOMKIo1 nlO6oil!Ii13 Bpa)l(8CKIi1X 60M6oB030B.

PYKL1~~

cranVi H8AOBeAeHHble ABVIrarenl.1 "nepe-

nOA06Horo T~na.

Kr, OH Mor npeBpaTVlTb B 06-

OAHaKo "aXL.1nnecoBoil! nRToJi1ll MaWLt1Hbl

KOTOPblJi1 nO-npe>KHeMy OCTa8anCR caMblM

6b1CTPOXOAHblM 1.13 aHrnVlVlCKIo1X 60M6apAVIPOBU\~KOB.

3aAaH~e

Ha ~cTpe6~TenbHbl~

Bap~aHT

npeAycMaTplo1Bano TOllbKO YCl.1neHl.1e nyne-

60M6apA~pOBO"HOrO,

"TO COXpaH"nO neT-

MOAenLr1. BbinonHRR ero, I.1H>KeHepbl MOAep

HVl301pOBanLt1

cepl4V1HbI~

(cep. N. L1424).

CTBOPK~

,,6n8HxeJi1M

MKI ..

60M600TceKa 6bl-

B HVIX npope3anl.1 OTBepCTVlR AJlR pyKasoB

naTpOHHblX neHT.

naTpOHHble RLltVlKIi1 AnR

.6paYH~Hr FN. pa3Me-

7,71-MM nyneMeToB

CTI.1JlI.1 B 60M600TceKe. LjeTbipe nyneMeTa

YCTaHOBl.1nl.1 B CbeMHOM KOHTeVlHepe, KOTO-

PbJ~ CMOHT~pOBan~ nOA 6plOXOM cnaH~e

n"". 06U\~~ 3anac K 3TO~ .6aTapee COCTaBn"n 2000 naTpoHoB. Macca KOHTe~Hepa C
AonOnHVlTeJlbHblM BOOpY>K8HVleM 1.1 6oenpVlnaCaMlr1 OKa3aJlaCb 3Ha'-iI.1TenbHO MeHbwe,

"eM nOnHa" 60M60Ba" Harpy3Ka. np~ He06XOAVIMOCTVI Ha ABa nOAKpblnbeBbix 60M60Aep>KaTenR (aHanOrLr1'-iHblM TeM, KOTopble
6blnVl anp06V1pOBaHbI Ha A80VlKe) MO>KHO

6blno nOABew~BaTb ABe 227 -Kr 60M6bl ~n~

no nape 113,5-Kr. fleTHble AaHHble B OCHOBHOM OCTanlllCb npe>KHI4MIo1, a cKoponOAbeMHOCTb Aa)Ke HeCKonbKO yny'-iWLt1JlaCb. KOHTe~Hepbl C nyneMeTHblM Boopy>KeHVleM Ha-

'-ian BblnYCKaTb OAVlH 1.13 MTeH8BblX 0pY)KeLllHblX 3aBOAOB IO>KHOH >Kene3HOAOp0>KHOVI

KOMnaH~~'

(Southern Raiiway Company) B

AWQ>oPAe, V13rOTOBLr1BWI.1V1 3a BpeMR BOLllHbl

1375 nOA06HbiX KOMnneKTOB.

KaK nOKa3anl.1 BCKope Ha'-iaBWVleCR 60e
8b1e AeVlcTBVlR, 6neHxeVlMbi MKIFIO 6b1nVl, no-

>KanyH,

Hal.160nee HeYAa'-iHbIMVlIi13 Bcex TR)Kenblx V1cTpe6V1Tene~, 8cTynl.18wVlx B CTpOVI B

nep~oA

1939-1941 rr.

OAHOMOTOPHbl~

.Xap-

pLt1Keil!H npeBOCXOAl.1n CBoero AByxMOTOpHO-

ro c06paTa no BoopY)l(eH~1O BABoe, ~Me" 8

nepOOH3QaJIbHO I1crpe6HTeJlbHoe H
Beperoooe KOM3H,l1;003HIDI C,lJ,eJIaJ1H
craoKy 113 AOyxMOTOpHWH Hcrpe6HTeJJ.b <!>HpMbJ .BeCTJlaH)J.t, O,lJ;HaKO He
)l,OBe,lJ;eHHOCTb CHlIOBOH YCTaHOBKH
nO~leUlaJIa ::ITOH nepcne......HBHoH ~Ia

UlHHe 3aHlITb ,lJ.OCTot'Uloe lueCTO B ap-

ceH:lJJe KopOJleocKHX

BBC.

PeaJIH331.\ID1 nporp3M>tW HCTpe6HTeJIbHOJ'O B3pHaHTa .6J1enXeHM MKJFt,

6bV13 B 3H3QHTeJIbHOH creneHH BhIt~eIUIOH:~lepOH, n03BOJlHBWeH B

KOpoTKHe CpOKH nOJIY'lHTb He06xo,lJ,HMoe KOJlH'leCI'BO naTPYJlbHblX CaMOJleTOB, XOT" H C HeBbJCOKH!\IH J1CTtlbIMH
,lJ;aHHhlJ\oIH. Ha CHHMKe C3MOJleTbi

601-if.

aCK~pHJlbH, 3BHa6a33 XaH,ZJ.OH lUlH

BHrrHH XHJIJJ, Jle')'O 1939 r.

JIyqWHl'tl TJI)KeJlblM Hcrpe6HTe.T(e~1 K

BecloMa rpo3111>1M npoTHBHHlCOM JlB.;IJlJICli H lIIIlOIl1~

CICHH .y6.m~ I\paKoHoB' KH45. 3Ty JIencyIO H
BepTICylO MaDIHuy OTJIH'laJIa npeBocxOWlaJI aapoo

HaqaJl)' BTOpon MHpoBOn BOnHM 6WJI,

HCCOMHCHHO, nCMeU;KHH Bf110C, COqe

WlHaMHKa, MOUl,HloIe I\BHraTeJIJI H I\OBOJIIo80 CII.IQo,.

Hoe BOOPYlKeHHe.

'faBWH" ,lI,OCTaTOlJHO BblCOKHe JICTHbIe

1\3HHble H 'IOUl,Hoe BOOpY'",eHHe.

nyIleMeToB Taro )l(e KaIlLil6pa, KaK Lil HOBeallWl.1c;

.Cn~T<I>a~p . npeBOCXOACTBO B orHeBO~ MO,

~1.1 HOBoro HeMeLl,Koro pa3pYWLilTeIl51 MeccepWM~TTa BlllOC

(Messerschmitt Bfl10C),

CKOHCTpyl.1poBaHHoro BI.111IlVl MeccepWMVlTTOM Lil HayaBWero nocrynaTb C 5lHBap51 1939

r.

Ha BOOpy>KeHLile 3CKaAP T51)Ke11blX LilCTpe6I.1Te-

ne~ JlIO<I>TBa<l><I>e, BblmOAeno ellje 60nee Bne

"aTnOlOllj~M.

Macca ceKyHAHoro 3anna

MKIF. paBHonacb 0,7 Kr, a y
Bfl10C OHa COCTaBnona 2,35 Kr np~"eM. ~3
6neHxe~Ma

3Toro KOllWleCTBa 1,65 Kr npLo1xoALilllOCb Ha

ABe 20'MM nYWK~ MG/FF, KaJK,QaO ~3 H~X 3a

OAHy ceKyHAY Bbl6paCblBana no AecoTb OCKO'
nOYHO-<pyracHblx CHap5lAOB. ,Qeal1CTBLo1e 3H1X
90-rpaMMOBbix ocrOCTI.1HLI,eBlO 6b1110 ropa3AO
6011ee COKpYWI.1Te11bHblM He)Ke111.1 10-rpaMMoBb/X 6paYHLo1HrOBCKVlX ny11b. 3HaYLo1Te11bHblM
6b1IlO Lo1 npeBOCXOACT80 HeMeLl,KorO LilCTpe6Lil-

Teno B CKOPOCT~ noneTa: 540 npOT~B 460 KM/"

Y 6neHxe~Ma MKIF. Aa ~ no 60M60BO~ Ha
rpY3Ke npe~MYlljeCTBO OCTaBanOCb Ha CTOpO'
He HOBoro Meccepa: 700 Kr npoT~B 454 Kr y
aHrllLilal1CKOa/1 MaWItlHbI.
E,nLo1HcT8eHHa51 xapaKTepltlCTLo1Ka, no KOTOPOal1 cnaHltleIlb ll He 3HaIl B Hayane KOHKypeH1l,1It\.1, 6b111a AaIlbHOCTb nOlleTa, paBHa5l nOYTvt

TOMaraaKoa \.1 ",XapPLilKeal1H08 Ha KpyrblX

Bo

BTOPO~ nonOB~He

1938 r., KorAa

<I>~P'

aLilpa:>KaX, Aa vt "Ha aepn1KaIl5lX OHLil ablAe11bl-

Ma 6PLo1CT0l1b 3aHVlMa11aCb peafll.13aLl,Lo1eal1

aaIlLil TaKLo1e aeUJ,Lo1, YTO y Hac, nOHaYaIlY, Yyrb

nporpaMMbI T5l)Ke11orO Lo1CTpe6I.1Tel15l, B rl1aB

rna3a He IlonaIlVlCb OT YAI.1BneHLo15l ... Boopy-

HOM wTa6e

)l(eHlo1e '"ToplOlO 6b1110 AOB011bHO MOUJ,HblM: ABa

BOAY, camaCHO KOTOpOMy 06eCneY~Tb 6e30-

12,7'MM nyl1eMeTa ~ OAHa 20'MM nywKa (KO'

MG/FF) 0611JAal1~ CYMMapHO~
Macco~ ceKyHAHoro 3anna 2,53 Kr, "TO npeA'
CTaBn0l10 HeMal1YIO yrp03Y AM 111060ro ~3 co
n~o HeMel.\KO~

KOpOl1eBCK~X BBe np~wl1~

K Bbl'

naCHOCTb 06beKTOB, HaXOA5lUJ,I.1XC5l Ha TeppLo1TOpLo1Lo1 MeTponOl1Lo1Lo1 B

HO~Hoe

BpeM5l, aSLo1a-

L1,1.15l Era Be11VlyeCTBa 6blIla He B COCT05lHLo1Lo1.

1700 KM (y BfllOoHa nOHa"any He npeBblwana

1000 KM). OAHaKO ~ JABCb BCKope nOOB~n~Cb

103Hb/X caMOIleTOB Taro 8peMeHLo1. Ho 3a Bce

conepHLilKLil. ~nOHCKLo1a11 AByxMOTOpHblaII I.1CTpe-

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6~Tenb <I>~PMbl KaBacaK~ K~45 .ToplO. (c

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B 2250 KM ~ CKOPOCTblO B540 KM/", np~ B3neT'

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~ )K~.

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MKIF., - Bcera 5480 KC ABa AB~raTeno

MOLi1HOCTblO no 1080 n.c. <I>~PMbl .M~l.\y6~

BoopY)KeH~O,

Aa

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Ha OAHOMeCTHOM caMoneT8. ,QOCTaTOYHO

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60M6oB030B npoLo1CXOALo1110 B peMOHTHbiX MacTepCKIIIX \.-1 HenocpeACTBeHHO B yaCT5lX B nOl1e-

300 Kr, "TO

SbiX YC110BLo15lX.

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rBIitHee, 3TII1 smOHCKHe AayxMoTOpHI-1KVI 3a-

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npli1eMHble aHTeHHbI nOCTaBL-111101 Ha

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500 or, T.e.

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BylO Harpy3Ky, a nOA .6pIOXOM cnaH~enR

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w,\Ile Ha c~rHa11 no BbiCOTe - C Ka)f(,lJ,oiil CTOPO-

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Aa nepeXaaTYIo1Ka elil -8 XBocr, rpaHYl4V1flL.1 C

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cnli1WKOM 06Ha.o,e)l(L1BalOw,Io1MV1: MaKCL1Manb-

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BcnOMH~m1 0 XOHl ~ He C11~WKOM 6b1CTPO-

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crynV1Tb K HO\.lHblM 60M6e)l(KaM 06beKTOB Ha

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C3aA\.1 Hero L1nVl Kor-

K nery 1939 r., KorAa ~cn~TaH~. PaA~ono

KaTopoB '-IeTBepTOIl1 MOAenL-1 3aBepWVln\l1Cb,

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YKOMnneKTOBaH~ 23, 25, 29, 600, 601-" "

604-. 3cKaAP~nb~,6a3~poBaBw~ec.BMeTpo-

li1cTpe6linenSlMli1

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nHJJOT - JIeHTeHaHT MaK<I>epcoH.
3 CeHTJl6pJl 1939 r_ ero 3KHna", nepBblM oc~ecrDHJJ <pOTorpa<pHpoDaHHe 06'be1ITOD Ha TeppHTopHH repMaHHH. BHH3Y cnpaBa caMOJleT Ton :ace

3CKa,IJ,pHJJbH, 3HMa 1939-1940 rr.

3KCKYPC~~).

25 CeHT"6p"

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Tpo~Ka 5neHxe~MOB. ~3

co-

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B~Hr-KoMMaHAepa 533~na 3M6p~ (KoMaHA~p

3CK<lAP~nb~) 6b<na nepeXBa"eHa HaA n~pOM
AByM" Bll 09C. OAHaKo xopowo opraH~30BaH
Hoe orHe80e B3al.1MOAelilcTBI.1e Me>KAY 3Klitna>KaM\I1, C06paBWI.1ML1C51 B nJ10THbiVi KJ1I.1H, no-

)-

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CJ1I.1WKOM Aonro.

KOPOJIb reopr VI HarpalK,ll,ae-r <pJIaHTJIeHTeHallTa )l,opaHa KpecroM 3a

3B0J1I.1J1\11 OTpa31.1Tb ABe aTaK&.1 6e3 nOTepb, nocJ1e '-lero aHrJl&.1yaHe CKPblJ1I1lCb B 06J1aKax. COB-

JleTHLle 3aCJlyrH+.

CeM no APyroMy ClleHap~1O pa3B~BaJl~Cb CO6bIT~" TpeM" AH"M~ n03lKe, 28 CeHT"6p", KOr-

.IiJIeHXeHM MKIV. 59-H 3CKa,IJ,pHJJbH,

Aa napy cnaHl<1eJlelil, BeAoMylO KOMaHAl.1pOM

BxoAHBweH B COCTaB aBHaU;HOHHoro

KOMnOHeHTa IipHTaHcKHX 3KCne,lJ,HlJ,HOHHhIX CHJI, <IlpaHlJ,HJI, aBHa6aa3

HOM K3MepYHOM, Hap, OCHa6plOKOM HaCTl.1rna

YeTBepKa CTOAeB51TblX 1.13 COCTaBa IjJG1. Y)Ke

nOHKC, CeHTJl6pb 1939 r.

nocne nepBolii aTaKI.1 BeAOMbllIt pa3BeAY&.1K 6blJ1

11 O-~ 3CKaAP~nb~ B~Hr-KoMMaHAepoM V1PB~

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Ho ~ B 3TOM B~Ae Aesne11bHOCT~ aHrJ1w~aHe
npeyonen~.

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BO MHorlllX

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rpynnaM 06Hap'f'K~Tb Ha~AeHHble 3K~na)l(a

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He~3

paCXOAOBaHHblM 60eKOMnneKTOM.
TeM BpeMeHeM B30P KOMaHAOBaH~1I
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npOXOA~na ceBe'pHall "aCTb <!JpaHKo-repMaHCKO~ rpaH~4bl, OrpaH~"eHHall C ceBepa
rep40rCTBOM nlOKceM6ypr. Aanbwe KoeBepy
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Pe3YflbTaTbi He 3aMeAJ1I1111111 CKa3aTbCfI:

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acKa,rJ;pHJIhH. CYAJI no aM6JIeMe Ha KHlIe CHHMOK
<;lI;eJIaH B 1938-1939 IT.

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(t6fleHxeVlMa MKI)) 1113 COCTaBa

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.liJIeHXe>i" MKIF. H3 COCTaaa 601-" HCTpe6HTCJlhHO" acKa,rJ;PHJIhH BepnyBlIlHilCH nOClle IlaJIe'ra Ha 1i0P~1 28 H01l6pll 1939 r.
C6~T,

napa .qeTBepOK' H3 18-n aCKa,rJ;PHJlhH BhlJIeTaeT Ha pa3BeAKY, <l>paHl\HJI, 3HMa 1939-1940 IT.

HO K3MepYHY manOCb y~m B 06naKa ~

06paTHbl~ KypC. Ho HaA K~neM
cnaClinenbHaR Mrna ocranaCb n03a.tl.II1, a B 803Ayxe, 'f'Ke nOA"<HAa" CBOIO A06bl"y, Kp'f'K~na
napa "CTepBIITH~KOB ~3 COCTaBa II/JG77.

lfamilCb 8LUe QTHOCIi1TeJ1bHQ He YaCTO, B OC-

HO CKpblTb OT aB~apa3BeAK~

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RM 3KlI1na>KaM YAaaanOCb

nar-

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Bce )K8 nocren8HHO CTaHOBIIlf10Cb flCHO, YTO B

reA~1O BeCHO~ cneAYIOU\ero rOAa.

B Ha"ane 1940 r. 18-11 ~ 57 -II 3CKaAP~nb_

ne% Ha

KOH8l.lHO, raKY18 3Kcu,eCCbl B TO epeMR cny-

cpaBH~1TeJ1bHO

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Bpe3aJlCR B CBIr1HUOBble SOAbl

(t6fleHxeVlMY) BblCTOflTb TPYAHO.

nocne "ero

co BceM 3KVlna>K8M. 11 HOR6pR Ha.A MopeM

nOKa HaA KOHTIIlHeHTOM npoBoAlIlfllllCb 3TIIl

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npaSL'lna Bcex ncoa Ha

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BMeCTe C 53, 59, 114-~ _

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6blna pa3BepHyta Ha <!JpaH4Y3cK~X a3poAPoMax. nOKa aHrn~"aHe ~ <!JpaH4Y3bl OTC~

Bosafllll HaA MopeM, npOlll3BOAfi nOIllCK He-

:lKII1Baf1I11Cb 3a llIllHlI1e&:1 Ma:lKIIIHo III 6ellbrlllli!-

30M Bce

60nee

p~cKoBaHHblM~, 3CKaAP~nb~

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139-~ 06pa30Ban~

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BepJIYThCll 06pa......0. 3KHnalK
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WIeHKoH AJIlI AewHeppoBKH.

repMaHlIIlIl1l1 Bce HOBbie 111 HOBbie coeAIIIHeHIr1Sl

aBlllau,Io1I11. fllllltHbiVI COCTaB KOTOpblX Io1Mell 60eBoH onbiT.
l-1cTpe6~TenbHbl~ Bap~aHT 6neHxe~Ma.

BnepBble np~MeH~n~ 28 HOll6pII 1939 r. 8

3TOT AeHb 12 caMoneTOB ~3 25-~ ~ 601-~ 3CKaAPlIIlllIIC'1, 6a3111pOBa8WIIIXCfI 8 6111pX3Me 1-1
HblOTOHe, OTnpaSlIIlllllCb C (tSIII3I11TOM Se)KJU1BOCT~- B 60pKyM Ha n06epe)l(be CeBepHoro
MOpll. OTTyAa HeMe4K~e caMoneTbl neTan_

Ha nOCTaHosKy MarHIIITHbiX MIIIH Ha nOAXOAax

K aHrlllllViCKIIIM nopTaM.

YCflOBlllfiX nllOXOI1

noroAbl aB~a6a3Y Ha~T~ He YAanOCb, ~ BeAY-

Ll.l,1IIV1

rpynnbl npIIIKa3all aTaKosaTb nopT.

pe3YllbTaTe HalleTa 6b111111 cmK)I(eHbl III nOTonJleHbI HeCK011bKO KaTepoB. CTOflBWIIlX y

ya110B.

8
A8

np~

YCllOBlo1f1X cTpaHHoVl BOVlHbl Ha 3anaAllfl ,(cnaHllleJleVl)) OTKpblJlCR HOBbl11

Kapen~~, rAe coeA_HeH~1I PKKA

6blfllll 6poweHbi Ha AOTbl '(J1I11HvH1 MaHHep-

<!JPOHT B
reHMa ..

HAA rOPSlLU~M~
TKa3 KOMnaH~~ .6p~CTOnb. npOAOn"'~Tb pa3pa60TKY MHOrOl.(eneBoro caMOneTa 'T~n 143F. He CMyT~n <I>~H

eKoe npaB\neJ1bCTBO.

no AlilnJ10Man1~eCKIo1M

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CTeH60K) ~ LeLv 46 (KOCapKo), CBeAeHHblM~ opraH~3al.(~OHHO B 4-~ aB~anonK (LeR 4).

15

npeAeneHbI Me)l(AY

IIlMeJ1111 npaBo sblnycTIIlTb

(KOMaHA~p Ma~op

HO ony6J1I11KOSaHHblM AOKYMeHTaM, :310 6blJ1111

MaHA~p Ma~op

o:6J1eHXe~Mbl MKII - eAIIIHIII"'lKIII C AOnOJ1HIII-

MaWIIIH. Comac-

TeJ1bHblMIII 6aKaMIII, STOpblM 6payHIi1HroM S

OCBoeHIo18 3KIo1na)l(aMIo1 HQBore CKOpOCTHO-

npaBo~ KOHcon~, HapY"'HblM~ 60M60Aep",a-

60M6apA~poBU\~Kanpo~cxoAIoIno C HeMa-

TemlMIII 111 YCIIIJ1eHHblM waCCIII,

KaHanaM co06U\anOCb: HOBbie 60M6apA~pOB

Ul~K~ 6YAyT npeAno",eHbI <t>~HnAHA~~ Ha
nbroTHblx ycnoB~Ax. np~"~Ha CTOnb 6naro-

nblM~ TPYAHOCTAM~. Pa3n~YHble nonOMK~ ~

CKllOHHoro OTHOWetHMl KpblllaCb B TOM I YTQ

BblHy)l(AeHHble nOCBAK~ 6b1n~ AaneKO He peA-

M14HIo1CrepCTBO aSVlau,1il1il CY(.1TanO cnaHlllenb

KIo1M RBJ1eHlo1eM, npaBAa, cm1caH 6b1/1 TQJ1bKQ

OTBeprHyTbli'i KoponeBcK~M~ SSC. OAHaKo K

HOA6plO 1939 r. opraH~30BaTb ~x npO~3BOA
CTBO He YAanocb, XOTA Ha BOCTOYHO~ rpaH~l.(e

OA~H ~3

CTpaHbl TbICS1"'l1ll 03ep y>Ke naXJ10 nopOXOM ..

(nplll BceM erc aeJlIo1KOnena.1vt) "n.epeXOAHbIM))

06pa3l.(OM, He06xOA~MbIM AO Tex nop, nOKa
He nOABATCA 60nee COBepweHHble 60M6apA~POBU\~K~, pa3pa6aTbiBaeMbie no cnel.(~

ro

COCTaBa LeLv 46. Ha OCHOBe onblTa

T.e.

saplllaHT,

06reKarem1 BTYJlOK B03AYWHbiX BIIlHTOB, KO-

K 30 HOA6pA 1939 r., KOrAB pa3BepHyn~cb

60eBbie Ae~cTB~A Ha KapenbcKoM nepewe~Ke, 44-A ~ 46-A 3CKBAP~nb~ 6b1n~ OCHaU1eHbI

aJlbHblM 38,AaHIIlRM.

Topble aaw,lI1w,anlll Macno B MeXaHL13Max 1013-

Hali160J1ee cOBpeMeHHo~ TexHIIIKoC1, IIIMesweli1-

PeaYJlbTaTbi IIIcnblTaHIilYi ot0PIo1CT0J1b 142M

6b1n~ no AOCTO~HCTBYOl.(eHeHbI <I>~HCK~M~ BOeHHblM~, nOAn~caBW~M~ 6 OKTA6pA 1936 r.
KOHTpaKT NQ 500/36 Ha nOCTaBKY 18 .6neHxe~
MOB MKI. 26 ~lOnA 1937 r. <I>~HcK~e 3K~nB)l(~
HaYan~ ~x neperoHKY no MapwpYTY <t>~moH KPO~OH - AMCTepABM - XaMnyp~ - ManbMe
- TyKonMa - XenbC~HK~. CnycTA rOA Bce MaW~HbI Bown~ B COCTaB SSC <t>~HnAHA~~.

M8HeHIIlR yma ycraHoBKIo1 nonacreli1 OT aaMep-

CR B pacnopA",eH~~ SSC

3KcnnyaTal.(~~ B 3~MH~X ycnoB~AX <I>~HcK~e

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cnpoeKT~pOBan~

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My KOMaHAOBaHllle pewlIIJ10 C MaKCIIIMaIlbHoli1

n03B0J1I1lJ10 OTKa3aTbCR OT paCYII1CTKIo1 83118T-

3<1><I>eKT~BHOCTblO ~cnonb30BaTb nOTeHl.(~an

Ho-nOCMO"iHblX nonoe B 3101MHlIlX YC1l0BIIlRX.

12 anpen A 1938 r. npaB~TenbcTBo <t>~H

nAHA~~ np~06peno n~l.(eH3~1O Ha npo~3BoA
crBO C(cnaHllleJ1e~ Ha CTpOIIIBweMCSI B TaMne-

pe aB~a3aBOAe. no AOroBOpy, nOAn~caHHoMY

C pyKOBOAcTBOM <I>~PMbI .6p~cTOnb" <I>~HHbI

nonKa. Y",e 1 AeKa6pA HeCKonbKO MaW~H BbIHa pa3BeAKY BblAB~raBW~XCA K <I>~H

neTen~

CKIIIM n03111Wo1S1M COBeTCKIIlX BOIi1CK 111 B TOT >Ke

AeHb 6b1na nOTepAHa nepBaA ~3 H~X. HBA pa~

OHOM TcanK~ TP~ <I>~HCKIoIX 3K~nB)l(a ~3 COCTaBa 46-~ 3CKBAP~nb~ aTaKOBana KonoHHy COseTCKIIIX TaHKOB III rpY30BIIIKOB. 3eHIIITHbiM or-

HeM 6b1n nOBpe)l(AeH OA~H 60M6aPA~pOBU\~K,

KOTOPbl~ He AOTAHyn AO 6a3b1.
OCHOBHblM pa~OHOM 60eBO~ AeATenbHOCTIII

nonKa CTan

KapenbCKIIIC1 nepeweeK, ':ie-

pe3 KOTOPbl~ Hacrynana COBeTCKaA 7-A apM~A, pacnonaraBwaA Ha~60nee KpynHblM~

c~naM~. 3HaY~TenbHYIO yrp03y AnA <I>~HHOB
npeACTaBnAna ~ 8-A apM~A, pa3BepHyTaR ceBepHee nBAor~ ~ BblAB~raBwaACA ~3 pa~OHa
neTp03aBOACKa. no HenonHblM ABHHblM, B
COCTaBe 06e~x COBeTCK~X rpynn~poBOK HaC"~TblBanOCb 18 cTpenKoBblx A~B~3~~, OA~H
TaHKosblli1 Kopnyc 111 nSlTb OTAeJ1bHblX TaHKO-

BblX 6p~rBA. 06U\ee KOn~"eCTBO caMoneTOB

SSC PKKA, 3BAe~CTBOBaHHblx B XOAe KOH<I>n~KTa OT neH~HrpBAa AO MypMaHcKa, coCTaBnAno CBblwe 3000 eA~H~l.(.
CoeA~HeH~A cyxonyTHblx BO~CK neH~H
rpBACKOrO BoeHHoro oKpyra C MHOrOY~CneH
HblMIII 111 HenOBOpOTJ1I11SblMIII TbinaMIII 1113-3a

<I>HHCKHH JIeT'IHK-HCIThITaTeJIh KanHTaH XaHHac 3aHHMaeT KpeCJIo nHJIOTa nepep;

HCnhlTaTJIhHhlM nOJIeTOM Ha BL-104. cIlHJIToH. 1937 r.

my6oKoro CHera III MIIIHHblX nOJ1eli1 OKa3aIlIIICb

HaKpenKo

np~BA3aHbI

K AoporaM, npeACTaB-

nAn~ c060~ BeCbMa 3aMaH"~Bble l.(en~ AnA

<I>~HCK~X neTY~KOB, ycneBw~x

napa <lJHHCKHX 'ep;uJIH'IeK' BhlpyJIHBaeT Ha B3JleTHylO nOJIocy 3aBOP;CKOro a3POlIPOMa <lJHpMhI .lipHC1iPJIb'. roTOBJlCh CTap1'OBan. /I;IlJI nepeJIeTa B cIlHHJIJlH,l\HIO.
<I>HJITOH. JIeTO 1937 r.

K 3TOMy Bpe-

MeHIII XOPOWO OCBOIllTb ocDJ1eHxeIi1MbI.

A nno-

xllle norOAHble YCJ10BIi1S1 OKa3aIlIIICb cnaclIITeJ1bHblMIII AIlS1 IIIX 3KlllnaJKe'1 B ycnoBIIIS1x roc
nOACTBa cOBeTcKoli1 IIIcTpe6111TenbHoli1 aBli1all,1II111. Ho Bce )Ke maBHoli1 38,Aa"'leli1 3KlllnaJKeli1
6J1eHxeIi1MoB B nepBble HeAeJ1111 BOIi1HbI SlB-

nAnaCb pa3BeAKa B

~HTepecax

rnaBHoro KO-

MaHAoBaHIIISI. BblJ1eTbi np01013Bo)J.IIIJ1Io1Cb nO"'lTIII

B nlO6ylO noroAY. S 3T~X ycnoB~Ax CTonKHOBeHIIIS1 C COBeTCKIIIMIII IIICTpe6I11TenS1MIo1 6blIlIII

He~36e"'HbI. SnepBble 3TO npo~30wno 14 AeKa6pA 1939 r., KOrAB SL-105 44-~ 3CKBAP~
nb~ B XOAe pa3BeAbiBaTenbHoro noneTa HaTKHYIlCS1 Ha 3BeHO tc!1aeK.

SbIHblPHYBW~~ ~3 ryMaHHo~ AbIMK~ AByXMOTopHblVi caMOIleT HanOMIi1HaIl C6. Ho BCKOnpeAHa3Ha"'leHHble AIlSl eplllHHOB cnaHllle-

mi Io1MeJ11i1 HeCKOJ1bKO 1113MeHeHHytO CIo1CTeMY

nOABeCKlo1, paCC'"IIo1TaHHytO Ha Io1cn0J1b30BaHllle

WBeACK\1X 60M6. AoroBop C

<I>~PMO~

.60-

>ope Ha IIlX nocTasKy 3aKJ1tO"'lIllJ111l B TOM >Ke

1937 r. 60M600TceK .6neHxe~Ma. AonycKan

pa3n~YHble Bap~aHTbI nOABecK~ ~3 50-, 100-,
" 250-Kr aB~a60M6, MaKc~ManbHaA cyMMap-

HaA Harpy3Ka He npeBblwana 800 Kr. nOM~MO

6oM60Boro BoopY"'eHIoIA, <I>~HcK~e MaW~HbI
OTfllo1"'laIllllCb OT aHmlll~cKlo1x 60J1ee cTapblMIll

PBA~OCTaHl.(~AM~ .MapKoH~ P-12. ~ P-14

(Marconi). OH~ nony"~n~ 60pToBbie HOMepa
OT SL-104 AO SL-121 ~ 6b1n~ nopoBHy pac-

I
~

Hble paaBeAblBaTenbHble nOAp'aaAeneH~., TaK

~ Ha~60nee onblTHble aK~nall<~ 60M6apA~
POBLI1~KOB.

YClo1J18Hlo1e aKTlo1BHOCTlo1 COBeTCKO~

aBlo1a-

paaBeAK~ <I>~HHbl OTMeT~n~ OyeHb 6blCTpo,

CB.aaB aTO C BOaMOll<HblM~ YAapaM~ no CBO~M aapOAPOMaM, TeM 60nee, YTO ~ CaM~ nnaH~poBan~ aHanOr~YHYIO onepall~lO. KOMaHAOBaH~e <I>~HCKO~ aB~all~e~ HeMeAfleHHO
OTABnO np~Kaa paccpeAOTM~Tb aCKBAP~nb~
no MHor04lo1cneHHblM 3aMep3Wlo1M 03epaM,

6naro 60nbwa. yaCTb caMoneTOB 6blna noCTaBneHa Ha nblll<~ ~ He HYll<AanaCb B pacY~-

BL-110, npOBaJIHBillHii:CJI npH nOCa,lJ.Ke

B nOJIhlHblO 21 JlHBapJl1939 r. BocCTaHOBJIeH lJ,O JIeTHoro COCTOJlHHJl.
HeCMOTpJl Ha TO, 'ITO B XOlJ,e nepBoro .
CTOIIKHOBeHHJI C COBercKHMH Hcrpe6HTe.IIJlMH 9KHJla>K}' BL-105 H3 cocraua

44-ii: 9CKalJ,PHJIbH cOnyrcTBOBaJIa ylJ,aqa,

HO B OlJ,HOM H3 CJIelJ,yJO~BhlJIeTOB
caMOIU~T 6hlJI nOBpe)K,ll,eH 3eHHTHhlM
omeM H Ha npo6ere CKaIIOTHpoBaJI.

8 Tal< npHXOlJ,HJlOCb BhlpYJIHBaTb Ha B3J1eT, 3HMa 1939-1940 IT.

LUeHHblX B3neTHO-nOCaA04HblX nonocax. n03-

TOMY nO~CK~ OCHOBHOro aapOAPOMa 6aa~po

BaHIo1H 6neHXe~MOB OKa3am1Cb 6e3ycnewHblMIo1.

20 AeKa6p. aK~nBll<~ <I>~HCK~X 60M6apA~

POBLI1~KOB BnepBble BCTpeT~n~cb C Ha~60nee
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EnmTa, rAe

npO"iHOCTb n03101u.Lo1V1

Hlo1KQB He Bbl3blsana cOMHeHI.1V1

1ly"~lla .cnaH~ell~' nepBo~ MOA~<!>~Kal.\~~.

BMecTo cc5,neHxeHM8 MKI, CHRToro c

npo~3BoAcTBa, <!>~pMe .6p~CTOllb- BblA3J1~

3aKa3 Ha nepeAellKY B ~tTpe6~Tellb 60M6ap-

06TeK8TeneM. KOTOPbl~ OK83anCR 3aMeTHO

H~lKe nIlOCKOCT~ CTpellb6bl nylleMeTOB. nOCHeAonrlllX nplIIKIIIAOK Me)K,O,y 6PIOXOM lo1

ne

nYlleMeTHbl~ KOHTe~HepOM YCTaHOB~Il~

nepeXOAH~K, KOTOPbl~ ~ pew~1l 3TY np06lleMy..

B HOR6pe 1939 r. Ha,anOCb nepe060pyAOBaH~e
nepBblX
60M6apA~poBU;~KOB
.6IleHXe~M MKIV. B ~cTpe6~Tell~ MKIVF ~
TorAa Jl(e ~M~ BOOPYJl(~Il~ 600-10 ~cTpe6~
TellbHYIO 3CKaAP~llblO, BXOA~BWYIO B COCTaB
nBO nOHAoHa. ClleAoM 3a He~ HOBble ~CTpe
6~Tell~ nOCTYn~ll~ B 235, 248-10 ~ 254-10 3CKaAP~llb~. OCTanbHble ,aCT~ nOIly"~Il~ HeCKOllbKO 60llee 6blCTpoxoAHble .6IleHXe~Mbl
MKIF-. no OT3blBaM 3K~n3lKe~, BeCT~ B~3Y
anbHbI~

B <!>eBpane 1940 r. 601-R nOIly"~lla .XapClleAOM 3a He~ B MapTe - anpelle

Ha H~X nepewll~ 145, 229, '242-R ~ 245-R 3CKaAP~llb~, B Mae - ~IOHe B 64, 92, 222-10 ~
234-10 nOCTYn~ll~ .Cn~T<!>a~pbl" a 141-R TOrAa lKe 063aBellaCb 'Ae<!>~aHTaM~" OCTaBw~eCR nRTb 3CKaAP~Il~~: 235, 236, 248,
252-R ~ 254-R B Te,eH~e AByx nepBblx 3~M
H~X MeCRl.\eB 1940 r. nepeAall~ B 6eperoBoe
p~Ke~Hbl"

KOMaHAoBaH~e.

K BeCHe 1940 r. 06CTaHOBKa Ha Mope CKJ1aAblBanaCb AIlR 6p~TaHl.\eB Bce MeHee 6llaronp~RTHo. KaK OTMe,anOCb Ha 3aceAaH~~ BoeHHoro Ka6lo1HeTa: npOTIIIBHlo1K AOCTlo1r 6onbWlo1X ycnexoB B Be,l\eHllllo1 nOABoAHOVI BOVlHbI III

nOIllCK ll,ene~ H8 l.leTBepKe, no

nplo1MeHeHlII1Il MIIIHHoro OPY>KIo1R. T8K. 38 ne-

cp8BHeHlllIO C eAlo1HIIII.lKOVl, 6b1no rop83AO

P~OA C ceHTR6pR 1939 r. no MapT 1940 r. HeMel.\K~e nOABOAHble 1l0AK~ YH~'TOlK~ll~ CBblwe 400 CYAOB cyMMapHblM TOHH3lKeM CBblwe
1 300 000 per. 6p. TOHH. 6blll0 nOTepRHo HeCKOllbKO KpynHblx 60eBblx Kopa6Ile~: Il~HKOP

YA06Hee. CTallo npOCTOpHee ~ Ha pa60,eM

MeCTe wTYpMaHa-onepaTOpa, 06CIlYlK~BaB- .
wero B nOlleTe 60pTOBylO pnc AI MKIV. 3~
MO~ 1939 - 1940 rr. HeMel.\KaR aB~al.\~R
cpaBH~TellbHO peAKo nORBIlRllaCb B aHrn~~
CKOM He6e. Ho AIlR rnaBHoro wTa6a BBC
CTaHOB~1l0Cb Bce 60llee o,eB~AHO, 'TO BecHO~ 1940 r. T~w~Ha, l.\apRu;aR no 06e CTOPOHbl <!>poHTa Ha KOHT~HeHTe, AOlllKHa CMe-

Pos:ln OyK 101 aBlo1aHOCell, KopeVlA>Kec; III no-

TOMy Bonpoc,

3aAaHHbl~

peroBoro KOM8HAoBaHIo1R:

pyKOBOAcTBOM 6e-

11IM npOTIIIBonOCT8Blo1Tb? -

'"ITO Mbi MO)l(eM

6b1n OTHIOAb He

P~Top~,eCK~M.

Bbl3sano

HIIITbcR lo1HTeHClo1BHblMIII 60RMIII. B 3TOM cny-

onpeAelleHHble TPYAHOCT~ y KOHCTpyKTOpOB,

T.K., npOeKT~pYR 3TY MOA~<!>~Kal.\~IO, cnel.\~
all~CTbl He npeAnOllarall~ nOA06Hbl~ Bap~

I.lae nOH8,Ao6lo1TCs:I 3Hal.llllTenbHoe Konlo1l.leCTBO

B Tpex aB~arpynnax (15, 16-~ ~ 18-~) ~3

18 3CKaAP~Il~~ TOllbKO TP~ 6blll~ OCHau;eHbl

OAHOMOTOpHblX <!>POHTOBblX ~cTpe6~Telle~,

cOBpeMeHHblMlo1 npon1BOnOAOI.lHblMIII C8MO-

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cnoc06HblX npon'BocToRTb HOBeVlwlIIM He-

Mel.\K~M Btl09E, KOTopble Bce 60llee ou;yi-~

neTaMIII: ABe 11I3 HIIIX neTanlll H8 CaHAepneH-

aHT ee Io1cn0l1b30eaHIo1f1, nO:noMy, B l.laCTHOCT~,

MO nO~lo1nblBanlo1 BBC COI03Hlo1KOB. ~ n03-

TOpblX TOllbKO

AIlR Toro ",06bl wTYpMaH, C~AR B HOCOBO~ Ka6~He, He yn~pancR rOIlOBO~ B AlOpa-

neBbiVI nepenneT, non Ka6lo1HbI Ha 6a30BoVl

MOAell~ HeCKOllbKO onycT~Il~, a 06pa30BaBW~~CR BblcTYn np~Kpblll~ 1l0lKK006pa3HblM

TOMy 6blll0 peweHo HeMeAlleHHO, HaCKOllbKO

n03BOIlRIl~ B03MOlKHOCT~ npo~3BoAcTBa, Ha'aTb nepeBOOPYlKeH~e3CKaAP~Il~~ Ha OAHOMOTopHble ~cTpe6~Tell~.

Aax, a OAHa Ha XaAcOHax, nOCT8BKIo1' KOHa'~Hall~Cb. 11 3CK3AP~Il~~

lo1Menlo1 f1tOHCOHbI. 8 l.leTbipe - eL14e 60nee

ApesHlo1e-

rlo1APonnaHbI

nOHAOH

III

,CTP3Hp~p-. Maw~Hbl

Tpex nOClleAH~X T~nOB AalKe KOHCTPYKT~BHO He npeAHa3Ha,anlllCb AIlR AIlIIITenbHblX naTpynbHblx noneTOB.

C~Tyal.\~R

OCIlOlKHRllaCb ~ HeCOBepweHCTHa BoopYJl(eH~~ npOT~BO

60M6. 3 AeKa6pR 1939 r. pyKOBOAcTBO AAM~paJ1Te~CTBa Il~WH~~ pa3 y6eA~llocb B ~x '3<!><!>eKT~BBOM

~MeBw~XCR

1l0AO'HO~ aB~al.\~~ rny6~HHblX

HOCTlo1,

B TOT AeHb

OAlo1H lo13 f1tOHCOHOB OWlO160'"l-

HO aTaKOBall B03Bpau;aBwylOcR

~3

noxOAa

.liTJeHXeHM MKIF. H3 cOCTIUIa 219-H

Hcrpe6HTem.HOH 3CKlIJWHJIbH. 06paTHTe BHHMaHHe Ha BCIJY'lHBnryJOClI
o6mHBlcy HH:>KHHX rrOBepXUOCTeH
KOHCOJleH. KOCBeHHO :flO CBH,lI,eTeJIbCTBO ,lI;OKa3b1BaeT TOT 4JaKT, 'ITO ,lI;aHHbIH Hcrpe6HTeJIb 6b1J1 rrOJIY'leH rry.. TeM rrepe,ll;eJlKH cepHiulOI'O 6oM6ap,lI;HpoB~a.BIfJl,HMO, 6oJn.mlUl '1aCTh
,!J;ByxMOTOPHbIX Hcrpe6HTeJIeA ,lI;:l.\lHO
ro TllIla 6b1J1a rrOJlY'leHa rryreM rrepe,lI;eJIi<H: CaMOJleTOB, KOTOPblMH 6b1J1a
OCHall\eHa B 1937 - 1938 rr. 5-11 aBHarpynrra, rrepemep,mlUl Ha .X3M~eHbl"

.1

~IiJleHxeiflU

Mid., "3 cocr3ua 3CK3lJ.l111-

JlbH Lelv 46 BBC (I>H1VlJIHAHH. nWIOTccpamHT MOpCKH. <[>IIHJUlH)J.HJI, 3HM3

1938 - 1939 rr.

OJleHXeHM Mid. H3 BTOpOH napTHH, nepe-

JJ.auHoH

aHrJlHt.JaH3MU B paMKa..x BOeHHOH:

nO"O~H 3HMOH 1939 -1940 rr. Ca.IOJIeT
'meeT aHrJIHHCKHH Ka.ry<!>mDK H rpa"'iJ,an
CKlIM perucrpal.\HoUJlblH KOA.

6JIeHXeHM MKIVF. H3 COCTaBa 248'H 3CKap;

p'fJlbH KOpOJIeBCKHX BBC. BeJIHK06pHTaHHJI,
aOHa6a3a HopT KOTC, <!>eBpaJIb - MapT 1940 r.

6J1eHXeHM MKIV. H3 COCTaBa 40-H 3CKa,II.p'VlbH KOpOJIeBCKHX BBC. BeJIHK06pHTaIIIlJ1, aBHa6a3a YHTOH, .laH - HIOHL 1940 r .

6JICHXeHJ\I MKlF+ 03 COCTaua 54-H qaCTH

}"Ie6Ho6oeBoH nOAroToBKH (54 OTU) Kopo

JleBCKHX BBC. BeJIHK06pHTaHHJI, JIeTO 1940 r.

HeXBaTKa cOBpeMeHHbIX 60M6api\HPOBlI\HKOB 3acraOHJIa aHrJIHHCKOe KG-

MaHA003HHe OCHaCTHTb K Hal.JaJlY

KaMnaHHH 1940 r. MHorHe TlI>Ke;lble

Hcrpe6HTeJIH BHelllHHMH 60M6ol\epmaTeJUlMH..

repMaHCKHii V-60T, a..:aKYeMblH CaMQJleTaMH lieperoBoro KOMa~OBaItHJl.

K COmaJIeHHIO, 3TOMy nOABOj(lfOl\ry

nHpary, KaK H l\tHOrHl\t ,n;pyrul\-t, nop;"

BepI1J.IHl\otCJI HaJJeTal\1 KOpOJleBCKHX

60M6apAHpOB~HI<OBB 1939-1941 IT,

YAaJIOCb yHTH...

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aHrn~iicKYIO nOA/lOAKY .CHennep". 3K~nalt<

oapA~p080"HOrO KOMaHA08aH~~ CTafJ~

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~3 KOTOpblX pa30p8afJaCb Ha nafJyoe y OCHO8aH~~ PyoK~. B pe3YfJbTaTe 8 l1eHTpafJbHOM
nocTy oblfJ~ pa30~Tbl "eTb'pe 3fJeKTpOfJaM-

xe. TaK, 11 MapTa 1940 r. 5fJeHXeiiM MKIV.

n~fJOT~pyeMbliiKOMaHA~poM 82-ii 3cKaAP~
fJb~ cK8aAPOH-fJ~AepOMA~fJ3nOM 80 8peM~

nOYK~,

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Ha

nany6e

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pem1Hn1.

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ee HBAO oblfJO YfJOlt<~Tb 8 A8YX MeTpax OT

Kopnyca cyOMap~HbI. "TOob' HaHeCT~ noCfJeAHeii cepbe3Hb,e n08pelt<AeH~~. n03TO-

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3TO OblfJa nep8a~ HeMel1Ka~ CYOMap~Ha,
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My cnaHLo18m1 6blnVl BeCbMa >K8naHHb1M no-

OCHOBHOM, YlIlCTO MopanbHoe

n0J1H8HI.18M AfJR B8CbMa CKYAHblX ClIlll MOP-

K. no CfJ08aM OAHoro ~3 0>~l1ep08 rfJa8HOro wTaoa KOpOfJe8CK~X BBC: .nOAroT08Ka

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AaHHble

He XaaTallQ lIl, BbmOIlHRR nO>K8naH11I51 KQMaH-

6011bwlIlHcTBa caMoneTOB III B03MO>KHOCTIIl

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naYHAa, CaMOfJeTb' 2-ii a8~arpynnb' 50M-

OPY>K~R

B TOT neplllOA OCTaBnRnlll >KenaTb

MHoro nY'-Iwero ...

.liIIellXeHM MkIF. H3 COCTaBa 254-ii Hcrpe6HTeJIbHOii 3CKaAPHJlbH Ha a3poAPOMe HbIOTOHa.

nOM~MO npOT~80fJOAO"HOrO naTpy".poBaHIIlR, 3K~na>K1Il 6J1eHXeIilMOB Ben~ Taae

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MeCTHO C APyr~M~ 3CKBAP~fJb"M~ 50M6apA~POBO'-lHOrO

KOHBOIll

III

KOMaHAOBaHIIlR Ha HeMellKMe

neplllOAlIlyeCKIIl

Bpa>KeCKlIle pa3BeA'-IIIlKIIl.

Bo

nepeXBaTbiBaJII
BTOPOC; nonQ8Mo

He MapTa 1940 r. 8CTpe"~ 8 803Ayxe C paJBeA'-II4KaM~

npOT~BHI4Ka

3HaYI4TeJ1bHO Y'la

CT~fJ~Cb.

C 17 no 27 MapTa ~cTpe6.TeIIM
235-ii 3CKBAP~fJb~ 32 pa3a oOHapY"'.BaIIl
HBA MopeM CaMOfJeTbI nlO>T8a><t>e, B BOO-

AYWHblX 60RX 3KlIlna>KaM YAaJ10Cb YHWHOXKl\

TP~ Helll ~ "eTblpe 0018. nOTep~ 6p.TaHu,eB 3a BpeMR cTpaHHolil BolilHbl n CQCTaB

62 00MoapA~p08111~Ka 8cex T~nOB. Me

TeM, AaHHbie pa3BeAK14 HeonpoBep)t(Ir1MO
Ka3bIBaJ1l1l, '-ITO 3aT14WblO npli1XO,QII1T KOH
HeMll,b1 rOTOBIIlJ1I1lCb K 6pOCKy Ha ceBep ...

AHcnOKa4KSI, 'lHCneHHOCTb H 60eBOH COCTaB 3CKaAPKnHH KOpOneBCKKX BBe, OCHall.leHHblX caMoneTaMH

,,6neHxeHM no COCTOSlHHIO Ha 11 <jleBpanSl 1940 r.

N. 3C'. MOA-.

B cTP.f~cn. 6a3a

N2 3CK. MOA-O

B cTp.f~cn. 6a3a

N2 3CK. MOA-.

60M6apAHpOSO'lHOe KOMaHAosaHHe
(Bel1~Ko6p~TaH~0)

2. aSHarpynna
15-0
21.
40-0
82-0
101-0
107-.
110-.
114-0
139-0

MklV
MklV
MklV
MklV
MklV
MklV
MklV
MklV
MklV

12-11 aSHarpynna
21/16
20/19
19/17
18/18
19/17
21/21
21/21
20/16
21/20

Y~TOH

HopT KOTC
Y~TOH

60AHe~

BecT

Pa~Hx3M

Yon~cx3M

B cTP.f~cn. 6a3a

60M6apAHpOSO'lHOe KOMaHAosaHHe
(Cl>paHl.\Ho)

23-0
222-.
229-0
235-0
236-.
248-0'

1-51 aBHarpynna

MklF
18/15
MklF
17/17
MklF
17/16
MklF ~ IVF 18/17
MklF ~ IVF 18/18
MklF
8/3

18-0
53-0
57-0
59-0

KOnm1BeCTOH

AaKccj>oPA
A~r6~

HopT KOTC
HopT KOTC
HopT KOTC

MklV
MklV
Mkl
MklV

nO~KC

19/17
17/15
21/20
18/17

Bcere:

nO~KC
nO~KC
nO~KC

75/69

YOTTli1CX3M

XOPW3M

CT-Cl>3~T

Bcere:

BBC CpeAHero BocToKa

(CeB.Acj>p~Ka, 611~)j(H. ~ CpeAH.BocTOK)

96/86

nnaV180T
13-11 aSHarpynna

Beero:

Hcrpe6HTenbHoe KOMaHAosaHHe
(Bel1~K06p~TaH~0)

10-. aSHarpynna
252-. MklF ~ IVF 17/ 16

29-0
141-0
219-0
234-0
242-0'
245-0

MklF
MklF
MklF
MklF
MklF
MklF

17/16
AP~M
rp3HAlK~Myr
16/15
K3np~K
16/16
18/16 . n~KOHcj>~I1A
Yapy
Cl>~HTOH
7/4
n~KOHcj>~I1A
18/12

Y~Bexop

Bcere:
Beero:

Mkl ~ IF
Mkl
MklF
Mkl
Mkl
Mkl
Mkl
211-. Mkl

18/12
15/14
16/16
15/13
15/15
14/11
17/17
13/12

Bcero:

126/110

8-0
11-.
30-0
45-0
55-0
84-0
113-0

180/165

KxopMaKcap
naxop
It1cMa\o1JU151

Cl>aKa
Cl>aKa
Xa66aH~0

M3TeH 6aryw
311b-Aa6a

94/79

17/16
TpeHHpOBO'tHoe KOMaHAoBaHHe
(Bel1~K06p~TaH~.)

11-. aSHarpynna

BBC AanbHero BocToKa

(6~pMa ~ Mal1a~o)

25-0
64-0
92-0
145-0
254-.

MklVF
MklF
MklF
MklF
MklF
600-. MklVF
601-. MklF
604-. MklF

17/16
15/12
18/14
18/17
18/14
18/17
16/15
17/17

Bcero:

137/122

HopT

B~aI1A

6-0 aSHarpynna
34-.
39-.
60-.
62-.

l-183HTon
KpO~AOH
KpO~AOH
6~PX3M

HblOTOH

MaHcToH

35-0
90-0
104-.
108-0

MklV
Mkl ~ IV
Mkl ~ IV
Mkl ~ IV

19/18
21/17
21/18
18/16

AnxYA
AnxYA
6~YeCTep

Bcere:
, B npouecce

TIo1Hraw

16/14
21/20
8/8
11/9

n3XOp
Apa~ POSA
T~Hr3w

6~YeCTep

T3HrM~p

HOPTXOl1bT

Mkl
Mkl
Mkl
Mkl

Bcero:

56/51

~Toro:

785/698

79/69
nepe800PY'KeHIo1~ Ha

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28 npouecce nepeeOOPY'KeHIo1Sl Ha .6neHxei1Mbl MklVFa

B rOPSll.lEM HEliE XOAOAHOVI CKAHAVlHABVIVI

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6blT~0,

110 300 aHrn~~CK~X MOpOKOB C nOTOnl1eHHblX

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3aCeKJ1a CKonneHlo1e HeMeu,Klo1X TpaHcnopToB

HOPB8>KCKIo1X BJ1aCTe~ 101 8bl3BaJ10 nplo1CTYn

.pOCT~ y rHTl1epa, KOTOPbl~ B KOHl.\e AeKa6po

cj>eHa. 0 HaMepeH~OX Kp~rcMap~He 6p~TaH

CKlo1e aHaIllo1TIo1Klo1 Momlo1 TOllbKO rClAaTb, a B :310

np~HOI1 peweH~e oKKyn~poBaTb

BpeMO onepal.\~o .YYeH~e Ha Be3epe- Hayal1aCb no pa3pa60TaHHoMY nl1aHY.

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KaIC AJlH aHrm1C1cKoro BoeHHoro Ka6l1lHera,

Ta, HAJl0 cj>lOpepa. Ho OHa nOKa OCTaBBJ1aCb B
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TenJ10XOA AJ1bT-

KaK H~ crapal1CO YepY~l1l1b YCKOP~Tb coHeMl.\BM YABJ10Cb onepeA~Tb npOT~B

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H B03AYWHblX C~11 6bl110 OYeB~AHblM

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n03-

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nocraSlo1!Wl MHHbI, a 3areM 3axBaTli1nlo1 B HOP-

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nI10THO~, HO Ae~CTBOBaTb ~M np~XOA~110Cb C

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60eBblx Kopa611e~ Ha

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ra- B BOa,llyxe

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1940 r. BHe3anHbiM YAapoM nlO>TBa>>e no 72

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cornaCHO nllaHY A-. COlO3Hble yaCT~ AB~HY
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.

aa YHTOH, MaR

22

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1941 r., COlO3HaR

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30

HIOHR AeBRTKa .6J1eHXe~MOB~ 1013 COCTaBa

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we 80 npo60_H.
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naCb OTHOClo1TellbHO He6011bWol1l.

3a yeTblpe MeeOllB (Ho06pb 1940 r. - 4>eBPMb 1941 r.) n!04>Tea4><!>e npo"'3Ben_ OKono 12

we _cTpe6_Tene~ npoT_BH_Ka _ Ae30praH_30eaTb c",cTeMy nBO IOlKHo~ Mrn__ . 3aTeM, He

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7 CeHTJl6pJl 1940 r. CTaJlO AiIJl

BaHHoro HO'IHOrO Haller, 60
pO,lJ;a npeBpaTWIaCb B

pBA"'OnOKaTOpaM_ AI
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B TOM )l(e roAY 53-10 ~ 59-10 3Ci<aAP~nb~ nePBAaJ1~ 6eperoBoMY KOMaHAOBaH"'IO. BCKOpe K
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r.

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17

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39
32

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06pyw~n~

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C6POC~B Ha KB)l(AylO ~3 aB~a6a3 CBblwe 600
nOA06HblX rOCT~HlleB. B pe3ynbTaTe, no cnoBaM OAHoro ""3 OYeB""Au,ea Hanera, Ha aapoAPOMax cropeno Bce, ",ro TonbKO Morno ro-

peTb.... Pe3ynbTaTbi HeAenbHblX

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nO"T~

250 caMoneTOB. KorAa 9 AeKa6p~ aHr-

J1""lilcKLile TaHK"" "" nexora nepewn"" B HacrynneH~e, ~TanbOHCK~e

BBC CMom~ OKa3aTb

nLilWb anLil30A""yeCKOe conpor""BneH""e, Bnpo-

"eM, KaK ~ cyxonyrHble "aCT~. Y",e 10 AeKa6po 6b1n B30T C~A~-6appaH~, a K 16 AeKa6po,
KorAa ~TanbOHlleB Bbl6~n~ ~3 Er~nTa, ~x no-

OKono 40

K 3TOMy BpeMeH~ ~Tanb~HCKao ~cTpe6~

TenbHao aB~all~o B 3Ha"~TenbHol< Mepe onpaB~naCb OT BHe3anHoro YAapa ~ 14 AeKa6po
CMorna nOTpenaTb 55-10 3CKBAP~nblO, KOTOpao B xOAe HaneTa Ha 6apA~1O nOTepona BOceMb 60M6apA~poBUI~KOB B CXBaTKe C CA.42.
Bcero B TOT AeHb KoponeBCK~e SBC n~w~
n~Cb 11 .6neHXel<MoB'. Ha <j>poHTe KTOMy ",e
nOs:lBVlnVlCb HOBbie /.1ranbs:lHCK/.1e Vlcrpe611trenVl

MC.200 .Caena (MC.200 Saetla), conOCTaHTaJIbJlHCKHe TpexMOTopuble 60M6apAHpoB~HKH8.79, YHH'lTO)l(eHHble

ua OAHOM H3 JlHBHHCKHX a3pO)q)OMOB
aHTJJHHCKHMH 60M6apAHPOB~HKaMH
B XOAe onep~HH .KoMnae-, KOTOP3JI
Ua'laJIaCb B HO'll> Ha 2 AeKa6pJl 1940 r.

.!iJIeHXeHM MKiV. H3 cocrana aCK3ApHJILH

.]loppeH' BBC .CpalKalOll.\eH91 <l>pal{l.\HH"
Ernner, aapoAP0>I KaHpo-Yacr, necua 1941 r.

TpoljleHHLlii .!iJIeHXeH>I MKlV., 3axBa'ICHHLlH HTaJIMrHl.\a>IH n 1940-1941 IT

!iJIeHXeiiM MKI> H3 cocrana 11-H OTACJILHOH pa3neALIBaTCJILHOH anHarpyrmLl BBC

IOroCJIanHH.
IOrOClIaBHJI, aBHa6aaa BeJI.HKH P~HHU.H,
neCHa 1941 r .

!iJIeHXeH>I MKI. (,zJ,opa60T3HHLIH, c HHlKHeH orHenoH TO'IKOH) H3 cocrana 62-H rpynnLl BBC
IOroCJIaBHH.
IOroCJIanHJI, anHa6a3a !ilKCJIlKHHa, neCHa 1941 r.

.!iJIeHXeH>I MKIV. H3 cocrana 226-H aCKaAPHJILH KopOJIenCKHX BBC. BCJIHKo6puTauHJI,

anua6a3a YOTTHcra>I,JIero 1941 r.

~6JIeHXeihl MKI+ H3 COCTaBa 3CKa,u;pU}lbH

LeLv 42 BBC <!)HHJUlHI\HII.
<l>HHJlHHI\H>I, JIC"ro 1941 r.

~6JIeHXe]:Il\1 MldV,~ H3 cocrana 84-H 3CKa)l;PHJIbH l(opOJIenCKlIX BBC. HpaK, anHa6a3a

Xa66aHHlI, oceHb 1941 r.

~BJIeHXe"M MKh "3 COCT3na 34-H: 3Cn:alJ,pUJIbH

KOpOJIenCKHX BBC. ManaKKCKllii nOJIYOCTpOn,

a13Ha6a3a TeHralll, H01l6pb 1941 1'.
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'6JIeHxe>IM MKI, 1f3 COCTana 62-ii 3cKa;IPIIJIblf KopOJlenCKHX BBC. OCl'POn CyMaTpa,
al3lfa6a3a naneol6aHI', 3lfMa 1941 - 1942 IT.

'6JIeHXeiiM MKIV. 1f3 COCTana 107-" 3CKaAPIfJIblf KopoJlencKHX BBC. OCl'Pon MaJIbTa,
anlfa6a3a JIyKa, 3lfMa 1941 -19421'1'.

nepBOH B COCTaBe BBC 3anap;HoH nyCThlHH '1eTBepKH. n0JIY'lHJIa 113-JI

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C ~eJIhIO YJIY'lmeHHJI MaCKHpOBO'lHhIX CBOHCTB KaMYcI>JIJ"Ka, Ha cl>I03eJIJI:ac:ax H HH)KIIHX nOBepXHOCTJIX

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Ha'laJIaCh 9pp03HJ1. TaKTH'IeCKOH
MapKHpOBKH.
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Te"eH~e nOCJ1eAH~X HeAeJ1b 1940 r. 3CKaAP~
nbYl cnaHYleneVl nOHeCnYl AOBonbHO cepbe3-

Hble nOTep~. Hanp~Mep. B 39-i'i ~ 45-i'i 3CKBAP~J1bHX K POlKAeCTBY HaC"~TblBanOCb Bcero no

ceMb YlCnpaBHblx caMoneTOB. Ho HaCTYnneHlo18

npOAOJ1JKan~ nOAAepJK~BaTb cyxonyTHble Boi'icKa.

5 RHBapR 1941 r. nOCJ1e OJKeCTO"eHHoi'i
60M6eJKK~ Kan~ryJ1~poBan 45-TblCR"Hbli'i rapH~30H 6aPA~~. a 22-ro CAaJ1~Cb 30 TblC. 38pa3B~BaJlOCb ~ YL\eJ1eBW~e 3K~nBlK~

14~TH~KOB T06pyKa. Ha YKpenJ1eH~R KOTOPOro

AHeM paHee KOpOJ1eBCK~e SSC c6pOC~J1~
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AepHa ~ 3J1b-MeK~J1~. 3 <l>eBpanH B03AywHaR
pa3BeAKa AOHecna, '-ITO YlTanb51HCKYle BOVICKa
nOK~IOT K~peHa~KY. ~ nOCJ1e CTpeM~TeJ1b
HOro 6POCKB aHrn~i'icK~e TaHK~CTbl 7 <l>eBpanH
BopBan~cb B 6eHra3~.
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rpal.\~aH~ nOTepneJ1~ TRJKeJ10e nopBlKeH~e.

nOTepRB CBblwe 130 TblC. "eJ10BeK J1~"Horo CoCTaBa. nO"T~ 1300 OPYA~i'i. 60J1ee 400 TaHKOB
~ OK0J10 1100 CaMOJ1eToB. Ha ceBepo-a<l>p~
KaHCKOM TSA 3~MOi'i 1940 - 1941 rr. nORB~J1CR
HOBbli'i rpo3Hbli'i npoT~BH~K: 60M6apA~poB
14~K~ X aB~aKopnyca nlO<!>TBa<l><\>e reHepana
rei'icJ1epa ~ TaHK~ -HeMel.\Koro A<I>p~KaHcKoro
Kopnyca.. reHepana POMMeJ1R. rOBOpR R3blKOM
rBAallOK. aHrn~"aH BCeBepHoi'i A<I>p~Ke lKAaJ1~

60nbwYle XJl0nOTbI ...

nO~CK nYTEVI MOAEPH~3AU~~ ~ HOBbiE 3AAA'"I~

~Tor~ nepBoro 60eBoro pei'iAa -6J1eHxei'iMOB" 4 ceHTR6pR 1939 r. He BHywaJ1~ onr~

K~

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yeCKYle 3aKOHl.\OSKlil nOMeH51nlo1 Ha np51MO-

J1~ Cepbe3Hble nOTep~. Ho rJ1aBHbli'i WTa6 Ko-

yrOJ1bHble. "TO nOBJ1eKJ10 3a .c060i'i yMeHbweH~e pa3Maxa KpblJ1a Ha 1.12 M. YMeHbW~J1aCb

pOJ1eBCK~X SSC npOAOJ1JKan op~ettT~poBaTb

CR Ha 3T~ 60M6apA~pOB14~K~. S Mae 1940 r.
YlX BlUllOYYlnYl S CnYlCOK n51TYl HaYl60nee npYlop~TeTHblx T~nOB. OnpeAeJ1eHHble OCHOBaH~R AnR 3Toro 6blJ1~. nOCKOJ1bKY ~3 Bcex
&.1MeaW&.1XC51 S TO apeM51 S paCnOpR>KeH&.1&.1
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60B030B.

~MeHHO 3TO Ka"eCTBO. np~cY14ee -KOpOneSCK&.1M ncaM, n06YAYlnO Mlo1Hlo1CTepCTBO

aB~al.\~~

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60M600TceKa 3aMeH~J1~ AByMR l.\eJ1bHO-

WT8MnOS8HHblMlil n8Hen51MII1, 8 nonY3nnYlnTYl-

&.1 nnow.a.o,b OCTelUleHII151 Ka6&.1HbI: SMeCTO nneKCII1rn8Ca n051SlI1nYlCb AlOpanesbie n8Hen&.1.

AB~raTeJ1~ Ha HOM~HanbHOM peJK~Me pa3B~BaJ1~ no 1080 J1.C . MaKC~MaJ1bHaR CKOPOCTb nOJ1eTa Ha BblCOTe 5500 M COCTaB~J1a
Bcero 489 KM/". Ha peJK~Me "pe3Bbl"ai'iHoi'i
M014HOCT~ ~3 MOTOpOB YABBanOCb BblJKaTb no
1125 J1.C. Ho 3TO Mano nOMorano - caMOJ1eT
TaK ~ He nepewarHyJ1 py6eJK 500' KM/". K TOMy

nponeJ1J1epbl
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xx.

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HylO M014HOCTb Ha BblCOTax CBblwe 4000 M.

Pa60Tbl. Ha"aTble B RHBape 1940 r.. 3aKOH"~J1~ B KOHl.\e <l>eBpanR. S nepBblx "~CJ1ax
MapTa HOBbli'i pa3BeA"~K -6J1eHxei'iM PR MKI
(PR - photo reconnaissance - C aHrn. <l>OTOpa3BeA"~K) nepeAaJl~ Ha ~cnblTaH~R. ~x pe-

(Merlin XX) M014HOCTblO no 1260 J1.C. eABa J1~

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CTSI.151 wnaTneSKa Yl naK paCTpeCKIo1SanYlCb H

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6eaaaUl~TeH. nO~B~Bw~ec~ HeCKonbKO 06paal.lOB TYpene;; C nep~CKOn~YeCK~M~ np~
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npOCTpeIlIIIBaJl&.1

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yaCTb H~lKHe;; nonyc<j>epbl

cneBa ~ cnpaBa aT XBOCTOBoro onepeH~~.
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aaxoA~n~ B aTaKy OAHOBpeMeHHO C paaHblX
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npeA!'aran~Cb APyr~e cpeACTBa, Hanp~

Mep Bbl6paCblBaTb HaBCTpeYy ~cTpe6~TenlO
HecxonbKO <j>yHTOB KpynHo;; AP06~, KOTopa~
AonlKHa 6blna paa6~Tb n060Boe CTeKnO ~C
Tpe6~TenR ~ nOBpeA~Tb Macno-, B9AOPBA~a
TOPbl ~ nponennep. 101 Bce lKe ~ablCKaH~~ KOH-

Till orOHb TOJ1bKO 1113 OAHO~ orHeBO~ TOl.lKIII.

nnOAbl. OceHblO 1940 r. nOAWTYPMaHCKo;; Ka-

CTPYKTOPOB-OPYlKe;;H~KOB

6HHO~ OAHO~ 1113 Ol14eTBepOK nORBIIIJ1CR nneK-

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ClllrnaCOBbI~ KOJ1naK, BHyrplll KOToporo 6b1na

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(HenpOCTpen~BaeMa~)

aOHa, OrpaH~YeHH~
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KOHTe~Hepbl, B K(l)K,l\b1~ lo13 KOTOpblX YllO>K1II1l1II

no 20

n~T~<j>YHTOBblX

(2.27-Kr) nOAPblBHblX

naTpoHoB, cHa6>KeHHblX XIIIMIII~eCKHMIII B3PblBaTellRM&.1. nepBble onbiTbi OKa3aJ1HCb Bne-

Yam~IOUl~M~: aa XBOCTOM 60M6apA~poBUl~

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(Frazer-Nash FN-54) C 7.71-MM nyneMeToM

.6paYH~Hr FN- (60eaanac 250 naTpoHoB),
npeAHaaHayeH.HblM An~ cTpenb6bl HaaBA. Typenb OCHaCTHnH wlllpoKoyrollbHblM nepIIICKO-

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KOTopoe oAHoBpeMeHHo npOel.l~pOBanacb ~
ceTKa np~l.lena.
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BnepeA, eUle no OAHOMy TaxoMy aB~aTopbl
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~rpan~ CKopee ponb .nyraYe;;, HelKen~ peanbHoro 60eBoro cpeACTBa. B HeKOTopblX 3CKBAP~nb~x B WTYPMaHCKo;; Ka6~He MOHT~PO
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npaBOMY 6opTy.

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CHH3Y. TOJILKO oceHLIO 1940 r cnaHHeJlH' 063aBeJlHCL HH>K-
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a 60e3anac YBen~"eH AO 500 naTpoHoB Ha KaJKAbl~ CTBon. ABa naTpoHHblX Ol1\~Ka Tenepb
pacnonarBll~cb cneBa ~ cnpaBa OT wrypMa-

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1942 r. nocne 3axBaTa OnOHL1aM~ Mana~~, 6~PMbl, a TaKJKe OCTpOBOB CyMaTpa
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py

BylO O"epeAb. 3~Mo~'1940-1941 rr. Ha ,6neH-

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no AOBOAKe ASYX HOBbiX caMonerOB

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B nepsble

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wrypMoBble YAapbl no Manopa3MepHblM

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napbl .MepKYP~eB >N. 'fA'e He XBaTano, T. K. C
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BIo1Ka 6panaCb .YeTBepKa, HOBa51 MaWIo1Ha

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K nery 1940 r. OTHoweH~e K npoeKry co

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KYnec XI. MOUlHOCTblO no 1590 n.c.
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npeAHa3HayeHHa. An. Hero rypenb -6p",CTOnb B.MKX- elUe He 6bln8 rOTOBa '" ee MeeTC 8 X80cre >103emnKa Harnyxo 38,Aenaflli1,
a ee OTCyrCTB1018 KOMneHClo1pOeam., AOnOJ1HIo1TenbHO~ 3arpY3KO~ 6annaCTa. 'ieTblpe nyne-

MeTa c 608aanaCOM aaHIIIMam1 cpaSHVlTenbHQ HeMHoro Mecra B' HOCOBOVI 4aCTVI e:p103emnKa, VI n03TOMY B OCTaBweMCR CB060AHOM

npOCTpaHCTBe npeAnonaranOCb pa3MeCT"'Tb

yeTblpe 20-MM aBTOMaT"'YeCK"'X nywK'"
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no 60 CHap.AOB Ha CTBon B 6apa6aHHbix
Mara3"'Hax. 3Ta -6aTape.- An. YA06cTBa
06cnylK"'BaH"'. MOHT"'pOBanaCb Ha 06lUeM
onycKaeMoM na<j>eTe. n03lKe nOA06Ha. KOHCTpyKl-l"'. 6blna pean"'30BaHa Ha COBeTCKOM
peaKT"'BHOM ",cTpe6"'Tene M",r-15.
Ho 3T"'M nn8HaM He CYlKAeHO 6blno
C6blTbC. B CYAb6y HOBoro wTypMoB"'Ka
BH83anHO

BMewanOCb

BepHyBweecR

Vl3

60J1bWO~ AaIlbHOCTblO nOJ1eTa. 1t13a,D,aHVle no-

no MHeHVlIO neTYVlKOB-LilcnbITaTe-

npLilMeH8HLilIO mnepKVllI AflR HenocpeAcTB8HHO~ nO,lJJJ,ep)f(KLiI BO~CK Ha n011e 60s:l B 3HaYVlTeJ1bHO~ CTeneHVl Y'f(e VlCye3. BTopaR onbiTHblR

MaW"'Ha 6blna c06paHa B Bap",aHTe AHeBHoro

60M6apA",poBlU"'Ka C MeCTOM An. wrypMaHa B

BaTb VI 60M60MeTaHVle C 60nbwVlx BblCOT. 3TO

HOCOBO~ 3aCTeKJ1eHHO~ yaCTVl 103ellR:+::a, Ha

caM0118Te CMOHTLifposallVi BepXHlO1O Typef1b
6pVlcTonb B.X., C AByMs:l nyneMeTaMVl 6pay-

nOTpe60Bano B03Bpaw.eHVlR B COCTaB 3KVlna-

H"'Hr FN-. B om",Y",e OT cTapblx

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CTOs:lBWVlX Ha eAVlHVlYKax VI I..leTBepKax .. , OHa

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Ha 3TOM Bap",aHTe 60M6apA",poBlU"'Ka
CMOHmpOBan", napy 3Be3Ao06pa3Hblx 9-l\~n
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HaR yCTaHoBKa 6blJ1a opVleHTVlpOBaHa Ha3a,D, VI

HOSHOM

VlMena neHTOYHoe nVlTaHVle. It1ccneAoBanaCb

B03MO)f(HOCTb CAeJ1aTb HOCOBylO yaCTb CbeM-

B3neTHa. Macca B03pocna AO 7718 Kr, YTO He

BTOpHO Vl3M8HVlllVi.
Tenepb MaWVlHa AOJ1:+::Ha 6blna 06ecneyVI-

HO~, HO Aanbwe 3CKVl3Horo npoeKTa Aeno He

rypene~

B.I,

na aHaf10rVlYHa I..leTBepKe VI OTnWiaIlaCb B ocT011bKO

MeCTHblMVI

YCVlneH\.1s:lMI-1.

OTpa3\.1nOCb Ha 11eTHblx xapaKTepYlCTYlKax. TaK,

S811Yll..lYlHa MaKcYlManbHoVl CKOpOCTVI H8 np8BbI-

nowno.

wana 450 KM/Y, a nOTonKa - 9400 M. ABa npeA-

M"'H"'CTepcTBo aB",al\"'OHHO~ npoMblwneHHocm npeAnonarano, YTO pa3pa60TKO~

C8PVlVlHblX 3K3eMnJ1s:lpa, Vl3rOTOBJ18HHblX Pyrc..

B KOHl\e 1941 r., 6bln", aHanor"'YHbl BblnYlUeH-

<t>paHl\"'''' KOMaHAOBaH"'e 6p"'TaHCK"'x 3KCneA"'l\"'OHHblX C",n, HaxOA"'Bweec. nOA BneYameH"'eM COKpyw"'TenbHblx YAapOB n"'K"'POBlU"'KOB nlO<j>TBa<j><j>e. OHO nOTpe60Bano

HOBoro BapVlaHHI 6neHxe~Ma" VI ero cepVl~

HOMy lIlPMOVl 6P\.1CT011b ll , 3a VlCKJ11OY8Hlo18M

HblM BblnycKoM 3a~MeTc. <j>",pMa -Pyrc-. Ho

pyKOBOAcTBO -6p",cTonb- Coyno ee KOHCTpyK-

AB",raTenbHo~ yCTaHoBK"'. Ha 3TOT pa3 Bbl6pan", ABa 950-c",nbHblX -MepKYP"'. XXX-, C KOTO-

TOpOB HeAOCTaTOYHO onblTHblMVI VI n03ToMY

HeMeJV1eHHO~

BCIO AeTanbHYIO npopa60TKy HOBoro npoexra

pblM'" -n.TepKa- '" nowna B Hayane 1942 r. B

cep"'~Hoe npo"'3BoACTBO.
CaMoneTbl BblnycKan",cb Ha 3aBOAe B 6n",c6p"'AlK, rAe HaxoA",n",cb C60pOYHbie n"'H"''''

nOCTaBKVI

caMoneTOB

nOA06Horo mna B 60eBble 3CKaAP",nb'" KoMaHAOBaH"'. B3a"'MOAe~CTB"'. C ApM",e~

B3aMeH OKa3aBW"'XC. CKaHAanbHO He3<j><j>eKTVlBHblMVI
118rKVlX
60M6apAVlpOBW.VlKOB
63TIn VI MHorOL~eneBbix JlVl3aHAepOB. 1t13

C03AaBaBW"'xc. B Ben"'K06p"'TaH"'''' onblTHblX caMoneTOB TonbKO -T",n 149CS- AonycKan B03MOlKHOCTb, npeBpalUeH"'. B n"'K"'pyIOlU"'~ 60M6apA",pOBlll"'K, Ha YTO KOHCTpyKTOpbl '" nonv-",n", 3aAaH",e.

BblnOllHVl11l1l Cnell,VlaJ1l1lCTbl r011oBHo~ cPVlPMbL

A B oxr.6pe 1940 r. -Pyrc" nonv-",na 3aKa3 Ha

ABa npeAcep"'~Hblx '" 780 cep"'~Hblx caMoneTOB. CHayana An. 60M6apA",poBlU"'Ka Bbl6panVi Ha3BaHVle 611eHxe~M MKV, HO 3aTeM
peWVlJ1l1l AaTb cepVl~HblM MaWVlHaM Hali1MeHo-

BaH"'e -6",cn", MKI- (Bisley Mkl). rOA cnycT.,

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Pyrc. 3HaYVlTellbHoe K011f1V1Y8CTBO HOBbiX

6f18HXeVlMoB CTPOVl110Cb B ~e6HoM BapVlaTe,

CHayana 6e3 BepxHe~, a 3aTeM '" 6e3 H"'lKHe~

rypene~, HO C ynYYWeHHblM a3poHaB",ral\"'OHHblM 060pYAOBaH",eM. S 3TO~ pon"" HaY"'Ha. c
1944 r:, MaWVlHbI B OCHOBHOM VI npHMeHs:lnVlcb.
B "'lOne 1945 r. ",x nOCTeneHHO cran", CH"'MaTb
C BoopYlKeH"'. KoponeBcK"'x SBC.

OAHH H3 nepBhIX cepHlfHhIX .BJteHXeil:MoB MxV., Bwnym;eHHblil:

3HMOil: 1941-1942 IT. Boopy;teeHHe He YCTaHOBileHO.

"x

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1C

nEPEXOA B HACTYnAEHVlE

AHOBPeMeHHO

C COKPYWli1T811bHbIMIIl

60M6apA"pOBOYHbIM"
YAapaM"
IlIO<jlTBa<jl<jle repMaHCK"e BOOPYJKeHHble c"nbl Ben" npOT"B AHrn"" 6ecnOu\BAHYIO
nOABOAHYIO BO"HY. On"paOCb Ha 3axBayeHHbie
<ppaHLjY3CK"e " HOpBe)l(CK"e 6a3bl, HeMeLjK"e

nopTa

6epreH)

3K~na)KeM

6neHxeVlMa

<jlna"Hr-o<jl"Ljepa M"xa3no Caxn"Hra "3 COCTaBa 1-" <jloTopa3BeAbIBaTenbHo" yacm (1

PRU). B pe3ynbTBTe aHrn""CK"e Kopa6enbHble
A030Pbl 6bln" yc"neHbl" B XOAe O)l(eCTOyeHHoro yeTblpexcyrOYHOro MOpCKOro CpB)l(eH"O

nOABOAHble JlOAKli1 3Ha4V1TenbHO aKH1BIII3li1PO-

aHmlll4aHe u,eHoVi nOTeplll epnarMaHcKoro nlllH-

Bam" CBOI4 Ae~CTBli1s:J li1 norQm-uu'! 80 BTOPO~

co Cl.ieTOB V1 COBeTCKV1e nOCTaBKa.1, C JlIllXBOVI

BocnonHRBWllle He3Ha4111TenbHbte nOTepll1.

B CB03" C3T"M "HTeHC"BHOCTb YABPOB 6blno peweHO yc"n"Tb " OAHOBpeMeHHO pacnbln"Tb c"nbl HeMeLjKO" nBO. 3TY 3BABYY" B03nO)l("n" B Hayane 1941 r. Ha 3CKBAP"nb" 2-"
aB"arpynnbl, OCHaU1eHHble 60M6apA"poBU\"-

Kopa XYA') CMorm1

27 MaR nOTonlllTb 6I11cMapK' B 400 M"nox OT 6pecTa. Ho 3TOT ycnex

He MeHon 06U\e" KapT"Hbl:, Ben"K06p"TaH"0

KaM'1Il 6neHxeVlM)). nOMIIIMO 3Toro, KOMaHAO-

nonOB"He 1940 r. 60nee 900 CYAOB cYMMapHblM TOHHB)l(eM CBblwe 3 MnH per.6p.T. 3TO 3aCTaBIIIJlO 6pvlTaHCKli11ii

BaH"e rpynnbl AOn)l(HO 6blno KB)l(AYIO HOYb BblAenOTb He60nbw"e c"nbl AnO 6ecnoKooU\"X
YAapoB no HeMeW"M aB"a6a3aM B 30He npon"Ba Ila-MaHw, CeBepHo" paHLj,," " ronnaHA"". AHanOr"YHylO 3BAayy He06xoA"MO

Ka6li1H8r VI

HaxoAlllnacb B KpIIITV14eCKOM nOnO>KeHIIIIII, T.K.

rnaBHbl" wTa6 BBC oceHblO 1940 r. pa3pa60TaTb nnaH, no KOTOPOMY 60eBo" COCTaB 6eperoBOro KOMaHAoBaH"o K 1 "IOHO 1941 r. Aon)l(eH 6bln B03pacT" AO 40 3CKBAP"n,,". OAHaKo
3<p<jleKT"BHOCTb B03AywHoro naTPyn"poBa-

cyMMapHble nOTep" B TOHHB)l(e COlO3HbiX "

He6onbwoVi AaJlbHOCTIII noneTa III MaJlOVI 60M-

3K"na)l(aM 60M6apA"pOBU1"KOB 6blno CMep-

Hl-151 ocraeanaCb 4pe3Bbll.laailHO HLil3KOVI. T8K, B

60BO" HarpY3K" He B COCTOOH"" 3<jl<jleKT"BHO

np"KpblBaTb KOHBO". B 3TO" pon" 3CKBAP"nb"
cnaHllleneVl BecHoVi 1941 r. 6blnlll 3aMeHeHbl
YaCTOM", BoopYJKeHHblM" 60nee nOAXOAOU\"M" AnO peweH"o 3BAay" nIlO caMoneTaM":

rel1bHO onaCHO, TO S aTOM cnyYae OHII1 AOI1)KHbl

6bllllll TeCHO B3all1MOAeVlCTBoBaTb c aBlI1arpyn-

BOeHHblall

1940 r. "3 14 YH"YTO)l(eHHbIX HeMeLjK"X nOAnOAOK n"Wb ABe np"xoA"n"cb Ha AonlO KoponeBCK"X BBC.
III 3TOMY 6bln" onpeAeneHHble np"Y"Hbl.
KaK npaB"no, BTeYeH"e AHO cy6Map"Hbl HaxoA"n"Cb nOA BOAO" "n" Ha 3HaY"TenbHOM YAa-

HeViTpaJlbHblX CTpaH C Ha4ana BOVlHbl no IIIIOHb

1941 r. COCTaB"n" 7,6 MnH per.6p.T.

6blno pewaTb III AHeM, HO nOCKOl1bKY caMOCTO-

OnblT nOKa3aJl, 4TO 6neHxeVlMbl B clllny

XMCOH", YIIITnW), BennIllHrroH III CaHAepneHA. A KoponeBcKlllx nCOB )K)),ana APyraR

B HaABOAHOM n0J10>KeHIIILr'1 C pa3HbiX HanpaBJ1e-

pa60Ta..
OTKa3 KOMaHAoBaH"o IlIO<jlTBa<jl<jle B KOHLje 1940 r. OT npoAOn)l(eH"O KpynHoMacwTa6-

Hlt1a1l, pacnblflflR li1 683 Toro H83HaYlo1T8nbHbl8

HblX onepau,lIIV1 HaA AHmllleVl, IIIMeBw~V1 B oc-

n8HIIWI aT KOHBoeB, a C Hacrynn8Hlo18M reMHOTbl

npOVl3BOAVI.nL1

c5m.1. )f(eHIt18

VI BbIXOAli1J11A B aTaKY

CHJ1bl 3CKopra. 3Kli1na>KaM narpynVtpOBaaWIIlX

HOSHOM nonlllT~4ecKYIO nOAonneKy, 6bln pac-

caMoneTOB 06HapYJK"Tb BHOYHOM Mope cpeA"

LjeHeH 6P"TBHCK"M BoeHHblM Ka6"HeToM KaK

MHOrOYIIICn8HHbiX CYAOB KOHBOfl nOABoAHylO

HeCOMHeHHaR n06eAa.

nOAKY AB)l(e B HBABOAHOM nOnO)l(eH"" 6blno

nOl.lTl" HeB03MO>KHO. It1 XOTR nOflBHllCs:l 6oproBO" PBA"OnOKaTOp ASV MKI, pa60TaBw"" B
1,5-MeTpoBoM A"ana30He, oCHaU\eH"e "M caMoneTOB 60eBbix 3CKBAP"n"" wno MeAneHHO.
AnnapaTYpa 6blfla CnO)l(HO" " BeCbMa HeHaAe)l(Ho". K BeCHe 1941 r. PBAapbl "Men" n"Wb
15% naTpynbHblx caMoneTOB. A Me)l(AY TeM,
TonbKO B oKT06pe 1940 r. "3 COCTaBa KOHBoeB
SX-7" HX-79 HeMeLjK"e nOABOAH"K" nOTOn,,n" 40 CYAOB!
nOM"MO cy6Map"H, B CeBepHo" ATnaHT"-

B aTO BpeMR

HeMHoro-

6011ee ('KpenKII1MIII opewKaMIII AllR nlll110TOB

HeMeLjK"X "cTpe6"rene" Bfl09E, CTO)l(aBW"X

K 3TOMy BpeMeH" rp03HYlO cnaBy Kopone"
B03Ayxa". B onpeAeneHHO" CTeneH" 3T~ npo-

Plan). Ero "Aeo 6blna c<jlopMyn"poBaHa eU\e

oceHblO 1940 r.
CornacTHo eMY, npeAnonaranOCb pa3pyW"Tb C nOMOU\blO HOYHblX 60M6apA"pOBOYHblX YAapOB AeBOTb ("3 17) caMblX KpynHblx
3aBOAOB 1Il3rOTaBJlIIIBaBWIIlX CIIIHTeTIIl4eCKoe
roplO4ee. no paC4eTaM 6pIIITaHcKlllx aHanlllTIIlKOB, :310 npli1BeJlO 6bl K CHli1>KeHIllIO BblnycKa ro-

plOyero Ha 80% " YJKe B nepBo" nonOB"He

1941 r. repMaHcKylO BoeHHylO Maw"Hy Aon)f(eH 6bln nOpa311lTb 3HepreTli14eCKIIIVI Kplll3I11C.

cep AAM"pan X"nnep". OAHaKo nononH"Tb

OAHaKO pean"3aLj"0 nnaHa wna TYro: nOAroToBKa 3K"na)l(e" 60M6apA"pOBU1"KOB 6blna

OyeHb H"3KO", a 3<jl<jleKT"BHOCTb HeMeLjKO"
nBO HeO)l("AaHHO BbICOKO". III 3TO np" TOM,

HeMLjBM He YAanOCb. 21 Mao 1941 r. OH 6bln 06Hapy)l(eH BMeCTe C TO)l(enbiM Kpe"cepoM

np"HLj O"reH" B rp"MCTBA-<jl"oPAe (pa"oH

BaHHbie cnaHlIlel1w), OCHaUJ,eHHble HOBblMIIl

TYpenoM", AOn)l(Hbl 6bln" OKa3aTbCO ropa3Ao

KOMaHAoBaHIIIR 6blnlll 3aHRTbi peanlll3au,lIIeVi

WapHXOpCT,l> III (CrHeall38Hay, KapMaHHbIVi

JW1HKOp (CMM\I1pan Weep \11 Tft)KenblVi KpeVl-

KOHBoeB, HOBeVlwlIIM nlllHKopoM 6I11cMapK

naM" IIIcTpe6"TenbHoro KOMaHAOBaH"o.

CnycTo 6yKBanbHo HeAenlO nocne PO)l(AeCTBa, 6p"TaHCK"" BoeHHbl" Ka6"HeT pa3ayapOBaHHbl" pe3ynbTaTaM" 60M6e)l(eK 3aBOAOB
C"HTemYeCKoro rOplOyerO, nOCTaB"n eU\e 60nee aM6"Lj"03HylO 3BAaYy: 3aBoeBaTb rocnOACTBO B B03Ayxe He TonbKO HBA Ila-MaHweM, HO" HBA CeBepHO" paHLj"e,,!
no paCyeTaM o<jl"LjepOB wTa6a 60M6apA"pOBOYHOro KOMaHAOBaH"o MOAepH"3"pO-

Y"CneHHble coeA"HeH"O 60M6apA"pOBOYHoro

TaK Ha3blBaeMoro TonnIllBHoro nJlaHa (Oil

Ke 1l0flBVI}1L11Cb H8Meu,Kli18 JH1H8V1HbI8 KpeVlcepbl

c~nbl, AeVlcTBoBaBw~e npoT~B aTnaHTw~eCKIllX

RTenbHO COBaTbCR K HeMeLl,KII1M aapOAPOMaM

4TO HeMelJ,KlIle H04Hbie IIICTpe6li1Tenli1 eUJ,e He

"Men" 60PTOBbiX PIlC. Henb30 c6paCblBaTb

rH03b1 6bl11111 060CHOBaHHbl