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UNIT COMPOST
On 19th August 2016, our lecture group were assigned to make practical
at farm compost which located behind Kolej Pendeta Za'ba under Taman
Pertanian UPM. Basically, compost is one of the method for
farmer tooptimize the used of their waste product such as unused
pruning branches and etc into compost fertiliser. So, with this method
farmer can either commercialise their compost fertiliser or reused it for
their own farm. There were 3 type of compost which is farm compost,
kitchen compost and single compost. Here we just learned how
to make farm compost.
Task
There were few process to make compost fertiliser which start by
adding compost materials in layers, alternating moist and dry. Moist
ingredients are food scraps, tea bags, seaweed, etc. Dry materials are
straw, leaves, sawdust pellets and wood ashes. For unused pruned
branches, we had used shredder chippers to blend it.
Then add manure, green manure ( clover, buckwheat, wheatgrass, grass
clippings) or any nitrogen source. Here we used bacteria
to decomposed the layer of moist and wet materials. It is also important
to give energy/food to the bacteria by adding red sugar into the pile. This
activates the compost pile and speeds the process along. After that we
must keep compost moist.
Water occasionally, or let rain do the job. Cover with anything we have wood, plastic sheeting, carpet scraps. Covering helps retain moisture
and heat, two essentials for compost. Covering also prevents the
compost from being over-watered by rain. The compost should be moist,
but not soaked and sodden.
We also have to "turn". Every few weeks give the pile a quick turn with a
pitchfork or shovel. This aerates the pile. Oxygen is required for the
process to work, and turning "adds" oxygen. We can skip this step if you
have a ready supply of coarse material, like straw.
Once your compost pile is established, add new materials by mixing
them in, rather than by adding them in layers. Mixing, or turning, the
compost pile is key to aerating the composting materials and speeding
the process to completion. It is commonly to add cocoa puff into the pile
to increase the quality and price of the compost fertiliser.
There are 3 characteristics of established compost which is odourless,
do not have the original shape and the pile is not warm. It means that
bacteria had completely decomposed the pile. The whole process
may took 3-6 month for completion based on how recent we turn the
pile. The last but not least is the packaging process. Usually,
compost with cocoa puff are sold with price of RM 1.50 per kg.
In
conclusion, we had completed our tasks within thegiven time and we tha
nked the instructors for theknowledge and information that we had receiv
ed. Thepractical was indeed fun and wonderful experiences. We
hope that we can visit there again.