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2048_Fall14_Exam2: in which we solve the problems on the UF PHYS 2048 Fall 2014 2nd exam.

Problem 1: A hill makes an angle of 15 with


the horizontal. If a m 50kg jogger runs a distance
of d 200m down the hill as shown in the figure,
how much work is done by gravity on the jogger (in
J)?
W F d (mgj) (d sin j ) mgd sin j j mgd sin (50kg )(9.81 sm2 )(200m)sin15 2.54 104 J (1.1)

Problem 4: Near the surface of the Earth a block of


mass M is released from rest at a height h 10m
on a frictionless incline as shown in the figure. The
block slides down the frictionless incline to reach a
flat rough horizontal surface. If the block slides a
horizontal distance d 50m along the rough
surface before coming to rest, what is the kinetic
coefficient of friction between the block and the

horizontal surface?

Wf K FN d K Mgd Mgh K h / d 10m / 50m 0.2 ;

(1.2)

d 2m up the inclined plane with 30 before


coming to rest and then sliding back down, what is
the spring constant k (in N/m)?

Problem 7: Near the surface of the Earth, an ideal


spring with spring constant k is on a frictionless
horizontal surface at the base of a frictionless
inclined plane as shown in the figure. A block with
mass M 0.5kg is pressed against the spring,
compressing it 6cm from its equilibrium
position. The block is then released and is not
attached to the spring. If the block slides a distance

U g U S Mgd sin k
1
2

2Mgd sin
2

2(0.5kg )(9.81 sm2 )(2m)sin 30


(0.06m)

2725

N
;
m

(1.3)

Problem 10: The potential energy function of a point mass is given by the expression: U ( x) k0 x 2 F0 x (
k0 2 Nm and F0 8 N ), where x is the coordinate of the body and U is measured in Joules. Only conservative

forces are acting. Find the kinetic energy of the body (in J) at the point of stable equilibrium if the mechanical
energy of the body is E 20 J . The equilibrium position x is given by dUdx( x ) 0 , and its stability is given by
d 2U ( x )
dx 2

0 , which we write as,

F
dU ( x )
8N
d 2U ( x )
2k0 x F0 x 0

2
m
;
2k0 0 0;
dx
2k0 2(2 Nm )
dx 2

(1.4)

In turn, we calculate the kinetic energy as,


K ( x ) E U ( x ) (20 2 22 8 2) J 28 J ;

(1.5)

Problem 13: Three uniform square slabs are


arranged in the xy-plane as shown in the figure.
Each of the three squares have mass M and sides of
length L. If L 6m , what are the x and y
components of the center-of-mass of the three slab
system?

xCOM

3
i 1

mi xCOM ,i

3
i 1

mi

M ( 12 L) M ( 12 L) M ( 32 L) 5
M ( 12 L) M ( 32 L) M ( 32 L) 7
L 5m ; yCOM
L 7m ; (1.6)
M M M
6
M M M
6

Problem 16: A small piece of cheese is placed at the center of a thin horizontal M 2kg rod of length L. The
rod rotates horizontally around its center of mass with an angular velocity 10 rads as shown in the figure. A

m 0.5kg mouse originally standing at the edge of the rod runs towards the cheese. What is the angular
velocity (in rad/s) of the rod when the mouse reaches the cheese?

m( L2 )2 121 ML2
I
3m M
1.5 2 rad
Li L f I I f f f

10 s 17.5 rads ;
2
1
If
ML
M
2
12
Problem 19: A block of mass M 1 starts from rest at
a height h 9m above the level surface and slides
down a smooth ramp as shown in the figure. The
block slides down the ramp, across the level
surface, and collides with a block of mass M 2

(1.7)

the surfaces are smooth and frictionless, what is the


mass M 2 ?

which is at rest. The two blocks stick together and


travel up a smooth ramp. If the maximum height
that the combined 2-block reaches H 4m and all
1
2

M1v2 M1gh v 2gh; M1v (M1 M 2 )v Mv;

1
2

Mv2 MgH v 2gH ;

(1.8)

Information about the mass M 2 can thus be gotten by using the 1st and 3rd equations to eliminate placeholder
variables v, v in the 2nd; subsequently, one solves for the ratio M 2 / M1 ,
put in M M1 M 2 ,

solve for M 2 / M1
M1 2 gh M 2 gH

2 gh 2 gH
M2
h H
9m 4m 1

;
M1
2
2 gH
H
4m

Problem 22: Near the surface of the Earth, a


wooden block with mass m 2kg is attached to a
string. The string is wrapped around a frictionless
pulley with a radius R 0.5m , and rotational
inertia I 2.5kg m 2 as shown in the figure. The
pulley and the block are initially at rest. When the
system is released and the string begins to unwind,

what is the tension in the string (in N)?

(1.9)

This is pretty much like the homework problem and the quiz-problem,

Calculating the quantity a R


0 a R

F
m

ma T mg;

I RT ;

R I 0 and solving for T ,

F R T mg R RT T
solve for T

(1.10)

(2kg )(9.81 sm2 )


mg

16.35 N ; (1.11)
2
1 (mR 2 / I ) 1 (2 kg )(0.5 m2 )
2.5 kg m

take the wheel to make 6rev 12 rad ?

Problem 25: Starting from rest at time t 0 , a


circular wheel with radius R 3m is pulled to the
right along a horizontal surface at a constant
acceleration of a 2 sm2 as shown in the figure. If the
wheel rolls without slipping, how long (in s) does it
s s0 v0, s t 12 as t 2 0 0 t 12 at 2 t

2s

Problem 28: Near the surface of the Earth a solid


sphere of mass M , radius R 0.5m , and moment of
inertia I 52 MR 2 rolls along a horizontal surface

2 R

2(3m)12 rad
10.63s ;
2 sm2

(1.12)

the minimum number of revolutions per second the


ball must have while rolling on the horizontal
surface in order to reach the top of the ramp?

and up a ramp of height H 0.7m that makes an


angle of 20 with the horizontal surface as
shown in the figure. If the ball rolls without slipping
on both the horizontal surface and the ramp, what is
units of rad/s

Ki U f

conversion factor

7
7
1 10
1 rev
1
10
m
1
rev
Mv 2 MgH ( R ) 2 gH
gH

(9.81 2 )(0.7m)
0.99698
;
10
10
R 7
2 rad
0.5m 7
s
2
s

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