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Department of Basic Sciences, Benson Idahosa University
Benin City, Benin, Nigeria
channels and assume that the acknowledgements from the Thus, the optimal packet length L depends on the SNR
per symbol s and the probability of the symbol error Pe .
receiver are free of errors. The throughput corresponding
to the physical layer (PHY) mode j is given by:
To find the data rate R j that maximizes the throughput,
bR P j , b, L
L (1)
T ( j)
LCj
j s s
we differentiate equation (1) with respect to R j and obtain
where
the following condition
P , L
L is the payload length in bits
T ( j )
Ps , L
L L (7)
C j is the header and DCF overhead corresponding to Rj s
R j L Cj L Cj s R j
rate j in bits. T ( j ) P , L Pj
Ps , L R j s
L (8)
R j is the data rate corresponding to PHY mode j. R j L Cj s N o R j
b is the number of bits per MQAM symbol Next, we set this derivative in equation (8) to zero
j
Ps is the packet success rate (PSR) defined as the Pj P , L
Ps , L 0 (9)
N R
probability of receiving a packet correctly o j s
corresponding to PHY mode j. Hence
s is the SNR per symbol and is given by f , L
Ps , L s (10)
s
s s N
P
(2)
We adopt the notation for signal-to-interference
o N o Rs
where s , N o , and P represents the energy per symbol, and noise ratio (SNR) that satisfies equation (10).
the one-sided noise power spectral density and the Combining equation (10) and (4), we arrive at an equation
received power respectively. C j takes into account the for obtaining the preferred SNR per symbol s thus,
CSMA/CA channel access time and the header overhead
s
Pe b, s
1 Pe b,
s (11)
as specified by the IEEE 802.11 protocol. The time delay
s s s
L
is converted to bytes for the purpose of optimization by b
the expression where Pe of MQAM in AWGN channels [7] is
C j Rs Tovh (3) approximately given by:
where Rs is the transmission rate corresponding to PHY 3
Pe b, s* 4 1 2 b / 2 Q b s (12)
mode s and Tovh is the total protocol overhead. Since 2 1
any symbol error in the packet results in a loss of the where Q is the error function and is given by
packet, the packet success rate (PSR) is given in terms of 1
Q( x) e (t
2
x) / 2
the symbol error rate Pe by 2
Ps s , b, L 1 Pe L, b, s j
(4) Once
s is determined, the optimal symbol rate is
where the Pe of MQAM in AWGN channels for the obtained from equation (2) as
P
various PHY models in IEEE 802.11a is derived in [2]. Rs (13)
In order to find the optimal payload length, L , we
No
*
s
assume that the payload length L continuously varies. Note that the solution s in equation (11) and (12)
Differentiating equation (1) with respect to L and applying
equation (4) produces the derivative in equation (5). depends on only design parameters b and L, but is
T( j) independent of the received power level. Using equations
L
R j
L
1 P j L ln 1 P j R Cj 1 P L (5)
L Cj
e s e j e s (2) (12), equation (1) can be rewritten as
L2
LC
bRs 1 41 2 b / 2 Q b
3
Setting this derivative to zero, we obtain a quadratic T j s (14)
equation in L with the root. L 2 1
Cj 1 4bC j (6) Equation (14) is computed under non-fading or slowly
L C 2j
2 2 ln 1 Pe s , b fading channels where the fade duration is longer than a
packet period. Considering a flat Rayleigh fading
IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 7, Issue 3, No 11, May 2010 19
www.IJCSI.org
SNR s (1 10)dB
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
SNR
400.00
300.00 800.00
Throughput
250.00
700.00
200.00
600.00
150.00
500.00
b=2
100.00
b=4
50.00
400.00
0.00 300.00
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12
Bit error rate
rate
100.00
0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
SNR
1.20E+04 400.00
Throughput
Throughput
350.00
1.00E+04
300.00
8.00E+03
250.00
150.00
4.00E+03
100.00
2.00E+03
50.00
0.00
0.00E+00 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 SNR
SNR
Figure 8. A graph of bit error rate vs. SNR per symbol in
Figure 7. A graph of Throughput vs. SNR per symbol in Rayleigh fading with varied data rate
non-Rayleigh fading, with varied number of bits 6.00E+03
Throughput
5.00E+03
4.00E+03
2.00E+03
1.00E+03
0.00E+00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
SNR
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