Driving

forces

Methods of
ventilation

Natural Ventilation
Natural forces (e.g. winds and
thermal buoyancy force due to
indoor and outdoor air density
differences) drive outdoor air
through purpose-built, building
envelope openings. Purpose-built
openings include windows, doors,
solar chimneys, wind towers and
trickle ventilators.
The wind effect, mechanical effect,
and stack effect.

Depending
on

This natural ventilation of buildings

depends on climate, building
design and human behaviour.

Airflow

Due to the constant shifts in the

driving forces of natural ventilation,
its difficult to control the buildings
airflow. As a result, ideal airflow
very rarely occurs on a consistent
basis.
*DRAW
Natural ventilation through cracks,
openings, doors, and windows
often proves unreliable in the long
term. This is because the process
depends on several varying factors
that work together to dictate
efficiency in removing old air and
introducing new air. The main
shortfalls of natural ventilation
involve the driving forces of the
process, the difficulty in controlling
airflow, and the potentially harmful
impact improper ventilation can
have on the buildings envelope.

Efficiency of
ventilation

Practicality
of Usage

Natural
ventilation
can
be
extremely effective when it comes

Mechanical Ventilation
Mechanical
fans
drive
mechanical ventilation. Fans
can either be installed directly
in windows or walls, or installed
in air ducts for supplying air
into, or exhausting air from, a
room.
The mechanical extract with
natural inlet, mechanical inlet
with
natural
extract
and
mechanical inlet and extract.
The type
of
mechanical
ventilation used depends on
climate. For example, in warm
and humid climates, infiltration
may need to be minimized or
prevented to reduce interstitial
condensation (which occurs
when warm, moist air from
inside a building penetrates a
wall, roof or floor and meets a
cold surface). Conversely, in
cold climates, exfiltration needs
to be prevented to reduce
interstitial condensation, and
negative pressure ventilation is
used.
Mechanical ventilation ensure a
specified air change and the air
under fan pressure can be
forced through filters
*DRAW
Mechanical ventilation can help
overcome the shortfalls that
occur
from
natural
ventilation. By
employ
mechanical
ventilator, e.g.
electrical fan, building owners
have greater control of proper
building ventilation, regardless
of external factors like the
weather or the time of year.

Where natural ventilation is

impossible,
mechanical

to both cooling an indoor

environment and removing indoor
air contaminants. Unfortunately,
allowing
outdoor
air
inside
unimpeded
allows
outdoor
contaminants easily as well. On
particularly hot or humid days,
natural ventilation cant reduce the
indoor temperature enough to
make it comfortable indoors. While
a light breeze is enough to take the
edge off on a moderate spring or
summer day, more is needed when
the weather is extreme

ventilation provide proper fresh

air flow along with appropriate
locations
for
intake
and
exhaust. A constant flow of air
can
remove
pollutants,
allergens, amd moisture that
can cause mold problems.
Extract ventilation can deal with
fumes, smells and odours.