Part II

i.
Step 1: Create a random column.

Step 2: Insert the random formula [=RAND()] then press ENTER.

Step 3: Pull the down until reach the last data.

Step 4: Select the whole column.

Step 5: Right click the whole column and choose COPY.

Step 6: Continue to click right click and choose PASTE VALUE.

Step 7: Go to right corner click SORT & FILTER and choose CUSTOM SORT.

Step 8: Choose RANDOM to sort value and sort in order from smallest to largest.

Step 9: After sorting, select the first 50 data as our sample data.

ii.
Statistics
age
N

Valid

50

Missing

Mean

39.16

Median

37.00

Mode

25a

Std. Deviation

13.822

Variance

191.035

Skewness

.573

Std. Error of Skewness

.337

Kurtosis

-.232

Std. Error of Kurtosis

.662

Range

56

Minimum

18

Maximum

74

Percentiles

25

27.75

50

37.00

75

47.50

a. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown

Based on the descriptive table, there are 50 respondents, the age of oldest respondent is 74 while
the youngest respondent is aged 18 years old. By using SPSS, we found that there are multiple
modes which are respondents aged 25 years old and 44 years old with 4 respondents each. The
mean of the respondents age is 39.16 and the median of respondents age is 37.
However, based on the graph, the mode of the respondent is within the range of age
between 40 and 45 with a total of 8 respondents. The graph shows that the age of respondent is
moderately skewed to the right. According to the table, the skewness of the data is moderate right
skew which is 0.573. Furthermore, the kurtosis of the age of respondent is less than 3 which is
platykurtic distribution, flatter than a normal distribution with a wider peak. The probability for
extreme values is less than for a normal distribution, and the values are spread wider around the
mean.

iii.
a.

Statistics
Serum Cholesterol
N

Valid
Missing

50
0

Mean

213.90

Median

210.00

Mode

210

Std. Deviation

21.905

Variance

479.847

Skewness

.493

Std. Error of Skewness

.337

Kurtosis

.026

Std. Error of Kurtosis

.662

Range

107

Minimum

164

Maximum

271

Percentiles

25

198.50

50

210.00

75

231.25

Based on the table, the highest serum cholesterol of the respondents is 271 and the lowest serum
cholesterol is 164. The mean of the serum cholesterol of respondent is 213.9. However, the
median and the mode of the serum cholesterol of respondents are both 210. The standard
deviation and the variance of respondents serum cholesterol level are 21.905 and 479.847
respectively.
According to the graph, it shows that the serum cholesterol level of respondents is
approximately to symmetry. By using SPSS, the table also shows that the skewness of the serum
cholesterol level of respondent is 0.493 which is approximately to symmetry. The kurtosis of the
serum cholesterol is 0.026 which is less than 3 which can also be called as platykurtic
distribution.

b.
One-Sample Statistics
N
Serum Cholesterol

Mean
50

Std. Deviation

213.90

Std. Error Mean

21.905

3.098

One-Sample Test
Test Value = 200
95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference
t
Serum Cholesterol

4.487

df

Sig. (2-tailed)
49

.000

Mean Difference
13.900

Lower
7.67

Upper
20.13

According to the sample data chosen by us, we use the SPSS software to calculate the confidence
interval of the serum cholesterol level. In the results, we found that the confidence interval of the
serum cholesterol of respondent is between 207.67 and 220.13. Based on the resources found
through the internet, we knew that the normal amount of serum cholesterol is less than 200. To
identify whether the serum cholesterol level of respondents are normal, we carried out hypothesis
testing to determine it.

Step
1.Determine the claim

Workings
H 0 : 200
H 1 : <200 (claim)

2.Find the test value

3.Find the critical value

Based on the One-Sample table, test value = 4.487

Assume that 1 =0.95 ,
=0.05
Z 0.05=1.6449

4. Make the decision

5. Summarize the result

Critical value = 1.6449

(Test value > Critical value)
Reject H 0
There is enough evidence to support the claim that the
respondents have normal serum cholesterol level.

c.
Group Statistics
gender

Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error Mean

Serum

Male

22

212.45

17.717

3.777

Cholesterol

Female

28

215.04

24.973

4.720

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for
Equality of Variances

t-test for Equality of Means

95% Confidence
Interval of the

F
Serum

Equal

Cholesterol

variances

3.137

Sig.
.083

t
-.410

df

Sig. (2-

Mean

Std. Error

tailed)

Difference

Difference

Difference
Lower

Upper

48

.684

-2.581

6.295

-15.237

10.075

-.427 47.572

.671

-2.581

6.045

-14.738

9.576

assumed
Equal
variances
not
assumed

To investigate either male or female has higher serum cholesterol level, we make a hypothesis
that male has higher serum cholesterol level than female which are
H1 :

1 - 2 > 0.

H0 :

1 - 2 0 and

Step
1.Determine the claim

Workings
H 0 : 1 - 2 0
H1 :

2.Find the test value

3.Find the critical value

1 - 2 > 0 (claim)

Based on Independent Sample Test, we check on the equal

variance by looking the column Levene's Test for Equality of
Variances and the significant value 0.083 is larger than = 0.05
so we assume that there is equal variances.
Next, the text value = -0.410.
Assume that 1 =0.95 ,
=0.05

Critical value = -1.6772

4. Make the decision

(Test value > Critical value)

Donot reject H 0

5. Summarize the result

There is not enough evidence to support the claim that male has
higher serum cholesterol level than female.

d.
Descriptives
Serum Cholesterol
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
N

Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error

Lower Bound

Upper Bound

Minimum

Maximum

23

220.13

25.818

5.383

208.97

231.30

164

271

18

211.39

17.614

4.152

202.63

220.15

185

253

210.00

14.024

7.012

187.69

232.31

197

228

197.40

11.781

5.269

182.77

212.03

186

210

50

213.90

21.905

3.098

207.67

220.13

164

271

Total

Test of Homogeneity of Variances

Serum Cholesterol
Levene Statistic
2.937

df1

df2
3

Sig.
46

.043

ANOVA
Serum Cholesterol
Sum of Squares
Between Groups

df

Mean Square

2428.414

809.471

Within Groups

21084.086

46

458.350

Total

23512.500

49

Sig.
1.766

.167

Step
1.Determine the claim

Workings
H 0 : 1 = 2 = 3 = 4
H0 :

2.Find the test value

3.Find the critical value

1 2 3 4

(claim)

Based on the table Test of Homogeneity of Variances, we

knew that the equal variances are assumed due to the significant
level 0.043 is less than 0.05.
Next, the test value = 1.766.
Assume that 1 =0.95 ,
=0.05

4. Make the decision

5. Summarize the result

Critical value = 2.807

(Test value < Critical value)
Donot reject H 0
There is not enough evidence to support the claim that doing
exercise affects the amount of serum cholesterol level of
respondents.

iv.
a

Frequency Table
Blood Pressure
Category
Normal
Prehypertension
Hypertension stage 1
Hypertension stage 2

Systolic
Frequenc
(mmHg)
y
less than 120
9
120-139
29
140-159
11
160 or higher
1
Total
50

Graphically,

Blood Pressure of Sample

29

11

b
Step
1.Determine the claim

Workings
H 0 : p=0.50
H1 :

2.Find the test value

Z=

p 0.50

^p p
pq
n

Where
Z=

(claim)

^p=

9
=0.18
50

p=0.5 , q=0.5 , n=50

0.180.5

0.5 0.5
50

Z =4.5255 (Test Value )

3.Find the critical value

Assume that 1 =0.99 ,

=0.01
Z 0.01 /2=Z 0.005=2.5758

4. Make the decision

(Test value < Critical value)

Reject
5. Summarize the result

H0

There is enough evidence to reject the claim that 50% of the

people are having normal systolic blood pressure.

c
Step
1.Determine the claim

Workings
H 0 : p 0.25
H1 :

p<0.25 (claim)

2.Find the test value

Where ^p=0.24 ,
0.240.25
Z=
0.25(0.75)
50

p=0.25, q=0.75 , n=50

Z =0 . 1 6 33 ( Test value )
3.Find the critical value

Assume that 1 =0.99 ,

=0.01
Z 0.01=2.3263

4. Make the decision

(Test value < Critical value)

Do not reject
5. Summarize the result

H0

There is not enough evidence to support the claim that the

proportion of hypertension is less than 25%.

d
Blood Pressure Category
Normal
Prehypertension
Hypertension Stage 1
Hypertension Stage 2

Step
1.Determine the claim

Systolic (mm Hg) Does Not Smoke Smoke Total

less than 120
3
6
9
120-139
16
13
29
140-159
7
4
11
160 or higher
0
1
1
Total
26
24
50
Workings
H 0 : p1= p2
H1 :

2.Find the test value

p1 p2 (claim)

p^
( 1 ^p2 )( p 1 p2)

Where

^p1 q^ 1 ^p2 q^ 2
+
n1
n2
Z =
^p1=0.2692

^p2=0.2083 ,

q^ 2=0.7917 , n^ 1=26 , n^ 2=24

Z=

(0.26920.2083)(0)
0.2692(0.7308) 0.2083(0.7917)
+
26
24

Z =0.5068 (Test value )

3.Find the critical value

Assume that 1 =0.99 ,

=0.01
Z 0.01 /2=Z 0.005=2.5758

4. Make the decision

(Test value < Critical value)

q^ 1 =0.7308 ,

Do not reject
5. Summarize the result

H0

There is not enough evidence to support the claim that

smoking status affects the proportion of hypertension.