Moskovske Matematičke Regate 1999-2006 PDF

. .
,
. . , . .

2007
51
22.1
82
M82
/ . . . ,
. . , . . . | .: , 2007. | 360 .
ISBN 978-5-94057-269-5
| , . 2005/06 . ,
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, .
, ,
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22.1
ISBN 978-5-94057-269-5
, 2007
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1998/1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
77
1999/2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
79
2000/2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
81
2001/2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
84
2002/2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
87
2003/2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
90
2004/2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
94
2005/2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
97
1999/2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
103
2000/2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
107
2001/2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
112
2002/2003 () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
116
2002/2003 () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
121
2003/2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33
127
2004/2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34
132
2005/2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36
136
1998/1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38
142
1999/2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39
146
2000/2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
151
2001/2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
42
154
2002/2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
44
159
2003/2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45
167
2004/2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47
172
2005/2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48
178
|3|
1995/1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
50
185
1997/1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
51
188
1998/1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
52
191
1999/2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
54
198
2000/2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55
203
2001/2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
57
211
2002/2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
58
218
2003/2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
60
224
2004/2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
61
231
2005/2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
63
237
1998/1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65
249
1999/2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
66
252
2000/2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
67
256
2001/2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
69
261
2002/2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
70
267
2003/2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
72
274
2004/2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
73
282
2005/2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
75
290
10
11
6 { 9 (2002/03) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
6 { 9 (2004/05) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
(2005/2006) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
|4|
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(10 ; | 6 )
1.1. ABC , , ABC .
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1.2. , ) { ), , : ) y = 3x 5;
) 2y = x + 6;
1.3.
;
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2
3
: 1 + 4 + 7 + : : : + 97 + 100.
y = 0;7x;
6+
7x
10
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1. ABC | . AD , BE CM , BAD = CBE =
= ACM (. ). D, E M
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B
D
A
2.2.
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C
x 5.
y =
x5
2.3. 43 ,
45.
(20 ; | 8 )
3.1. A F
35 . B , C , D, E . ,
AC = 12 , BD = 11 , CE = 12 , DF = 16 .
: AB , BC , CD, DE EF .
3.2. ,
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| 15 |
: A(3; 7;5); B (2; 2); C (3; 2; 6; 4);

E (5; 8). .
3.3. 66 : : : 6 9? .
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1998
(25 ; | 9 )
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4.2. | 22 . . 21 . , ?
4.3. : m = 44 : : : 4; n = 33 : : : 3.
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m?
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n?
.
1999/2000
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
:
1 (2 (3 (: : : (1998 (1999 (2000 x))) : : : ))) = 1000:
1.2. ,
, 6 , , 100 . , ?
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1.3. 2001 , - , |
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| 16 |
7 , 1999/2000
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1.
,
(x2 + x + 2) (x + 3) = (x + ) (x2 + x + 6)
.
2.2. ,
(. ).
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2.3.
:
8 + 222 444 888 + 444 888 1776
2 4 8 + 444 888 1776 + 888 1776 3552
(20 ; | 8 )
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a c, a > c, ab + bc ac b2
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(10 ; | 6 )
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2002/2003
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| 22 |
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:::::::::::::::
1 x2000 x2001 = 0;
1 x2001 x1 = 0:
2.2. ABC B 60, AM
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2.3. m n,
: m! + 12 = n2 .
(20 ; | 8 )
3.1. (x; y ), :
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| 28 |
8 , 2001/2002
3.2. .
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| 29 |
2.2. AK . ,
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2.3. m ,
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BC E , DE = BE = m.
ADC .
4.3. , ,
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9 4 ?
2002/2003 ()
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
a6 + 3a2 b2 + b6 , 2 + b2 = 1.
| 30 |
8 , 2002/2003 ()
1.2. 1 4. 2.
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| 31 |
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2003
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4.1.
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| 32 |
8 , 2003/2004
4.2. ,
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1
10
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11
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12
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AM . , K , | ?
1.3. , - , ?
(15 ; | 7 )
a, b, c d , a + b = c + d a2 + b2 = c2 + d2 .
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2.2. D BD .
AD , BM = MD = 3 .
.
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(20 ; | 8 )
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| 33 |
3.2. D | ,
N | D, |
D N . , N = .
3.3. . | , | , , 4, | .
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4.1.
a,
x ab + x bc + x ca = a + b + c;
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b+c
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4.2.
4.3. 10 .
: 1, 3, 5, 7 9 .
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.
2004/2005
(10 ; | 6 )
x + y , x3 + y 3 = 9, x2 y + xy 2 = 6.
1.2. AD. , = 12.
1.3. 1, 2, 3 4 |
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1.1.
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1.
, + b + c = 7,
a
b
c
b + c + c + a + a + b.
1
1
1
a + b + b + c + c + a = 0; 7.
2.2. CD (. ). , , N Q | , BD, AD
. QN , MP = 4 .
| 34 |
8 , 2004/2005
A
M
C
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, - . , ?
(20 ; | 8 )
c x: (a2 1) (b 1) x = (a 1) (b2 1).

b , ?
3.2. 11 17. ,
.
3.3. 1 8.
, . ,
?
3.1.
(25 ; | 9 )
4.1. ,
, | ,
| , ,
, ,
| , | . ,
12 . ?
4.2. 120 .
D , D = AB + AC . BDC .
4.3. 100 100 . , .
?
| 35 |
2005/2006
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
b .
y
ax + b (. ). -
2
1
1
1
O
1.2. ,
. , | ?
1.3. N 3 ,
N . N .
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1. , + b + c + d = 6. ab + ac + ad +
+ bc + bd + cd 18?
2.2.
. ?
2.3. 66 ,
, .
, , , . ,
, ,
?
(20 ; | 8 )
3.1. 1 1 ,
, . ,
.
, ,
, ,
. ?
| 36 |
8 , 2005/2006
3.2. D | .
, D = AD + BC . ADC
M . CMD.
3.3. , , , .
?
(25 ; | 9 )
4.1.
:
(1 + x + : : : + x7 )(1 + x + : : : + x5 ) = (1 + x + : : : + x6 )2 :
4.2. D
. ,
D 75 . .
4.3. 1 .
, ?
(,
,
).
| 37 |
1998/1999
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
(p
(x + 3)2 = 3 + x;
: p
(x 3)2 = 3 x:
1.2. ABC AB BC
D E , AD : BD = BE : EC = 2 ACB =
= 2BED. , ABC | .
1.3. ABC , : sin A + sin B = sin C ?
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1. . |
4 . 83 ,
| 169 . ?
2.2.
. 1, 2 3.
.
2.3. , a > 0 b > 0, ab > a + b
a + b > 4.
(15 ; | 7 )
3.1. ,
1 : 2, , 2 : 3.
, , 17 : 27?
3.2. AC BC ABC
, AMC BKC
, M K ACB .
AK BM .
3.3. a (a2 + a +1) x2 +
+ (2a 3) x + a 5 = 0 1, | 1?
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1. 60 : , , (, ), -
| 38 |
9 , 1998/1999
(, ), , , .
4 .
7 .
?
4.2. 4 5 8.
?
4.3. :
(
x + 6 x = y + 6 y;
x2 + xy + y2 = 27:
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1. , 1 - n, (, 123 123456789101112). ,
.
5.2. AL BM | ABC . ,
ALC BMC ,
K , AB . ACB .
5.3. ,
x y
x y p
x2 + y2
1999/2000
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1. - f (), x, , [1; 2).
1.2. ABC A1 BC ,
C1 AB . AA1
CC1 ?
1.3. : 1 + m + m2 + m3 = 3n .
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1.
a :
p
p
a |x| + x2 a2 = a:
| 39 |
2.2. ABC : A > B > C .

?
2.3. 1999 .
.
: ,
, ?
(15 ; | 7 )

1
1
1
+
+
;
1 + x + xy 1 + y + yz
1 + z + zx
, xyz = 1.
3.2. , ( | ). , ,
?
3.3. x,
:
3.1.
x 3;
3) x 9;
5) x 25;
x 5;
4) x 15;
6) x 45.
1)
2)
(20 ; | 8 )
a x2 x + a = 0 ?
4.2. ABC AB , c, CH . K | BC .
, C , H K .
4.1.
4.3. , , ,
, .
, 64 . |
| ,
(
). ,
,
. ?
| 40 |
9 , 2000/2001
(25 ; | 9 )
: f (x) = a1 x2 +b1 x+
+ c1 g (x) = a2 x2 + b2 x + c2 , .
,
(. ).
.
y
y = f (x)
5.2. M |
ABC .
,
y = g(x)
MA, MB
MC ,
x
?
O
5.3.

.
5.1.
2000/2001
(10 ; | 6 )
: x2000 +
1999
+x
+ x1998 + 1000x1000 + 1000x999 + 1000x998 + 2000x3 + 2000x2 +
+ 2000x + 3000 (x | ), x2 + x + 1 = 0?,
1.1.
3000. ? .
1.2. :
,
(. )?
1.3. : 123456789101112 : : : . 2000-
?
(15 ; | 7 )
ax2 + bx + c + b + c > 0.
.
2.2.
3 5 . ?
2.3. , |
, ,
. ?
2.1.
| 41 |
(15 ; | 7 )
3.1. ,
: y 2 |y | = x2 |x|.
3.2. ABCD E , F G | AB , BC AD , , GE AB ,
GF BC . ACD.
3.3. 40
, | ,
| .
?
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1. ,
,
.
4.2. D
. , ,
, , ABP ?
4.3. x2 + ax + 1 = b | , ,
. , a2 + b2 .
(25 ; | 9 )
f (x) = ax2 ax + 1 ,
|f (x)| 6 1 0 6 x 6 1. .
5.2. . ,
, D, BD
AD CD.
5.3. , 19991999 : : : 1999
, 2001.
5.1.
2001/2002
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
, a x3 +7x 9 = 0.
a3 + 3 a

.
11a 18
1.2. a, b c
a2 + b2 = 5c2 ?
| 42 |
9 , 2001/2002
1.3. , ,
1, 2 3?
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1.
+ n2 (n 1)2 ?
n n2 + (n 1)2 +
60 . - , ,
.
2.3. A B , :
2.2.
A = 1 2 3 : : : 19 20
B = 1 + 2 + 3 + : : : + 999 999 + 1 000 000.
(15 ; | 7 )
15(x+1) = |x1|+|x2|+|x3|+|x4|+|x5|.
: A > B > C .
,
?
3.3.
,
.
5 20 10 10?
3.1.
3.2.
(20 ; | 8 )
(
4.1.
x + y + z = 3;
x2 + y2 + z 2 = 3:
4.2. A B | . M ,
: ABM | ABM .
4.3. N ,
. ,
. N ,
?
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1. a
x2 6x + 12 + a2 4a = 0 ?
| 43 |
5.2. ABCD , 5, 6, 8 7 (. ).
, -. ,
- .
r=5
r=7 D
r=6
r=8
5.3. (,
, , 12421).
2002/2003
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1. 400 . ?
1.2. A B | A B , AD | . DB A E .
, | AE .
1.3. 2002 , 2002?
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1.
x > 0, y > 0
x + y 6 1:
4
x + y2 y4 + x2 xy
2.2. , , , .

DEF . , ?
| 44 |
9 , 2003/2004
2.3. n , (n 1)!
n. (, m! = 1 2 : : : (m 1) m).
(15 ; | 7 )
3.1. x y ,
x + y2 x + 2y | ?
3.2. D CD. , AD > 2BC , ABD | .
3.3.
DE , , , , D E ?
(20 ; | 8 )
x7 + x5 + 1
.
4.2. , , ,
?
4.3. n | ,
, .

, , .
, (n 1) ?
4.1.
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1. , 11 , ,
.
5.2. D , = BD .
, , , + > + OD.
5.3. , 2 : 3 : 5 : 7 : 11 :
: 13 : 17 : 19 : 23 : 29?
2003/2004
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1. , 1. . .
| 45 |
1.2. ,
. .
1.3. (
). , , 32
, ?
(15 ; | 7 )
, a b 1 + ab
:
< 1. , 1,
2.1.
a+b
| 1.
2.2. 30
?
2.3. ,
| , 20?
(15 ; | 7 )
ax2 + bx + c, .
. a b ,
.
b c , | .
?
3.2. , 4 5. ( ),
1.
3.3. ,
, , , . ?
3.1.
(20 ; | 8 )
y x2 ,
|x| + |y | 6 13.
4.2. D , D =
= = 90 . , DE
.
4.3. ,
, ?
4.1.
| 46 |
9 , 2004/2005
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1.
y2 + 1
1
+
x2 + 1
2
1
1
2
xy + 1 , , x2 + 1 + y2 + 1 = xy + 1 x 6= y .
D: ABD = CDB = 60 ,
A = CD = 30 . D, = 2 .
5.3. 70 ,
200. , 4,
5 9.
5.2.
2004/2005
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
a2 a + a2 1 .
2 2a
1.2. D
D . D
K . D?
1.3.
100 100, ( , ) ?
(15 ; | 7 )
, x2 + 2bx + c = 0 x2 + 2cx +
+ b = 0, b > 0 > 0, .
1. b c.
2.2. a, b, c d ,
: b
c d, | c d
b?
2.3. n , n2004 1
- ?
2.1.
(15 ; | 7 )
xyz
2
2
2
a + b + c abc.
3.1.
=1
x + x1 , b
y + y1 , c
z + z1 .
3.2. | , D |
.
DE F . MF , DE = d.
| 47 |
3.3. 100 , .
?
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1.
1
3
1
8
1
15
+ ::: +
< 34 .
2
2004 1
1
4.2. ,
( , , )?
4.3. .
?
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1. a, b, c d,
0 < a < b < c < d, x4 + bx + c = 0 x4 + ax + d = 0
?
5.2. D . ,
= 30 , = 75 . CB .
5.3. .
, ( ). ?
2005/2006
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
= 24.
x3 + y 3 , , x + y = 5 x + y + x2 y + xy 2 =
1.2. , . .
1.3. ,
2, 3 7, ,
?
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1. , p
5x2 + bx + 10 = 0. p 10x2 +
+ bx + 5 = 0.
| 48 |
9 , 2005/2006
2.2. , , . , . ,
.
2.3. : , | .
. ,
20 , 30 |
, 40 | .
?
(15 ; | 7 )
, a2 + bc = a(b + c); b2 + ac = b(c + ); c2 + ab = c(a + b).

, = b = c.
3.2.
, ?
3.3. ,
, .
.
3.1.
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1. ,
:
p
p
(x + 3)2 + (y + 2)2 + (x 1)2 + (y 1)2 = 5:
4.2. D CD ,
= D = CD = . , = b.
4.3. 3
1! + 2! + 3! + ::: + n!?
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1. ,
, 1,
, ?
5.2. .
, . .
5.3. , 10
, | 4 ?
| 49 |
10
1995/1996
(15 )
1 . (6 ) : y =
x2 .
4
x + 25
2 . (5 )
.
?
3 . (6 ) :
(
x2 + xy + x = 10;
y2 + xy + y = 20:
(10 )
1 . (5 ) , a
(100 + a)5 + 1 ?
11 12 1
2 . (5 ) 10
2
,
:
, . 9
3

?
8
4
3 . (6 ) 7
5
:
6
P (x) = (1 3x + 3x2 )743 (1 + 3x 3x2 )797 :

(15 )
I1 . (6 )
, :
XOY
(x2 + 2x + 4)(y 2 6y + 11) = 6:
B

ABCD M N .
M ,
, , AB
A
BC , N .
I3 . (7 ) :
I2 . (6 )
x2 < 1 2 sin 2x:

| 50 |
N
M
D
10 , 1995/1996
(15 )
II1 . (7 ) :
a > 0 b > 0.
II2 . (6 )
a + 1)2 (b + 1)2
+
> 8,
b
a
,
, .
II3 . (6 ) - , : .
,
?
(20 )
III1 . (8 ) p1 p2 | .
, p1 + p2 = 2n, n N. , n |
.
III2 . (6 ) A B C D. AB
CD N . , N | CD.
III3 . (8 )
:
(
|x y | + |x + y | = 4;
|x 1| + |y | = a;
a R:
1997/1998
(10 ; | 6 )
: 5 x 3 + 2 x + 3x = 21:
1.2. , ?
1.3. 2 n2 + 4n 33 n?
1.1.
(15 ; | 6 )
2.1.
: |x2 + x 2| + |x 3| =
= x2 + 1.
2.2.
S4A1 B1 C1 (. ),
= C1 A1 , BA1 = A1 B1 , CB1 =
SABC = 7, AC1
= B1 C1 .
| 51 |
A1
C1
A
B1
C
2.3. 37 ,
?
(20 ; | 7 )
3.1.
: sin2 x +
x+
2
2
x = cos 3x.
1
2
3.2. ABCD AB , AC AD
5. BC 6.
BD.
a3 8
a,
a + 2 .
3.3.
(25 ; | 8 )
4.1. XOY ,
y (x2 9) > x 3.
4.2. C
ABC M , C .
, AM + MB > AC + CB .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
4.3. 8 8, 1 64 (. ). 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
8 , 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
| - 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
. ,
33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
, 8 ,
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
.
49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
(30 ; |
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64
9 )
, y = x2 + x 83 x = y 2 +
+ y 84 . ,
?
5.2. ABCD : ABD = BDC = 50 , BCA =
= CAD = 40 . .
5.3. : sin 2 + cos 2 + 2(sin 1 cos 1) > 1.
5.1.
1998/1999
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1. b
: 3x 5 = b 3x + 11.
| 52 |
10 , 1998/1999
1.2. , AD ABCD
,
BC . .
1.3. : x2 (sin 4 + sin 5) x + sin 4 sin 5 < 0.
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1.

2 sin = 1 + sin 1 sin ;
2
?
A, B C . D ,
A, B , C D ?
2.3. ( ) .
2.2.
19
11
a b a + b .
2
2

. ,
.
(15 ; | 7 )
, y = x2 + 4 y = x2 + 2x,
. , ,
, .
3.2. :
3.1.
a 6 5 6 b 6 6 6 c 6 8:
.
3.3. 1511
. , (2; 4; . . . ; 1510; . . . ). ,
. ?
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1. , a, b c : (b c)(bc a2 ), (c a)(ca b2 ) (a b)(ab c2 )
.
| 53 |
4.2.
.
2, | 24.
.
4.3. x = 1n +2n +3n +4n , n | ?
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1.
A, B C
cos A + cos B + cos C;
| .
P ABC P A1 , P B1 P C1
P BC , P AC P AB . , AA1 , BB1 CC1 .
5.3. (an ),
i
h
an = 2n + 12 , 1511?
5.2.
1999/2000
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
ax2 + bx + c
y =
kx + l
(. )?
O
1.2. x
r. ,

.
1.3. 4 4 . ( ,
)?
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1.
, ?
2.2. ABCD . BC CD
K N , BK = KC CN : ND = 2 : 1. AK BN
T . KCNT 13.
BT A.
3
2.3. : 5 cos5 x + 3 sin x = 5.
| 54 |
10 , 2000/2001
(15 ; | 7 )
3.1.
:
x
y z u s
= = = = ;
z u s t
y
x = 8u;
x + y + z + u + s + t = 15 3 :
4
3.2. ,
?
3.3. , , ,
?
(20 ; | 8 )
: 1 + x2 + x4 + : : : + x3998 + x4000 = 2001x2000 .

4.2. ABC ABMP BCDK . ,
BE ABC BMK .
4.3. :
4.1.
12x2 4x 2xy + 3y 9 = 0:
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1.
n, :
sin( 2) + sin(2 2) + : : : + sin(n 2) > 2000?
5.2. , ,

, ?
5.3. : (x2 + [x] + 1)2 + [x2 + [x] + 1] = x 1.
2000/2001
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
sin2 x + b cos2 x, a b | .
1.2. AD (. .). ,
, R.
| 55 |
1.3.
S (x) | x. x + S (x) = 2001.
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1. P (x)
D. P (x) + P (x + D) =
= 0?
2.2. ABC AE EC . , , AC = 2AB .
2.3. 6 ,
, ?
(15 ; | 7 )
3.1.
ax2 2x + 2a2 4 = 0
.
3.2. | , .
D , BD
AO. AD, = b; = .
3.3. 2001 . 2001
, .
, , , , | 1 ,
, .
, ?
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1. f (x) x
2f (x) + f (x2 1) = 1. f ( 2)?
4.2. , , D ,
, , , ABD, ACD
BCD ?
4.3. ,

, = , |
. .
| 56 |
10 , 2001/2002
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1.
x37 + x8 + 1 = 0?
5.2.
, ?
5.3. N , . , ,
. , N
.
S . S .
2001/2002
(10 ; | 6 )
ax2 + bx + c .
, a3 x2 + b3 x + c3
?
1.2. 1.
.
1.3. :
1! + 2! + : : : + 2001! + 2002! (, n! = 1 2 3 : : : (n 1) n).
1.1.
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1. (an ) | , a1 = 1. S2002 |
Sn . ?
2.2. , 1, 1?
2.3. 6 , 17 .
(15 ; | 7 )
3.1. sin x cos y cos z +
+ cos x sin y sin z .
3.2. , 1, 1?
| 57 |
3.3. , .
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1.
x2 10x + y2 2y + 1 = 0.
y
x , ,
4.2. .
?
4.3. y = x3
?
(25 ; | 9 )
: (2x + 2) (5 2x) (4x2 + 8x + 11) = 10(2x + 3)2 .

5.2. . ?
5.3. :
( 2
k + p = n2 ;
5.1.
p2 + k = m2 :
2002/2003
(10 ; | 6 )
x + 6 2x2 cos(x) = 0?
1.2.
, 1 .
, 1 |
, 1 |
.
, 1 , 1 1 .
1.3. 32003 + 1?
1.1.
(15 ; | 7 )
, p x3 3x 1 = 0.
p4 + 2p3 3p2 7p + 2001.
2.2. ,
?
2.1.
| 58 |
10 , 2002/2003
2.3. f (x) , b
: f (a + b) + f (a b) = 2f (a) + 2f (b). , f (x) |
?
(15 ; | 7 )
3.1.
x4 + 4xy2 + 2y4 + 1 = 0:
3.2. S ( ) , S
- 1, 3, 5 7?
3.3. ,
, ?
(20 ; | 8 )
, , b A
B
: + b = 3c. ctg ctg , B | ,
2
2
b .
4.2. | 1
D, D = 120 . , + BC + CD > AD.
2
4.3. ,
.
A ,
B ,
. .
A B , ?
4.1.
(25 ; | 9 )
,
x y 6 1.
, : 0 6
5.1.
xy
1+
xy
D
. , SABE = SDCE = 1, SABCD 6 4, AD = 3.
.
5.3. 1 1000, . ,
?
5.2.
| 59 |
2003/2004
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
+b+c
2
2
a + b + c2
ab + bc + ca .
a+b+c
,
a + b + c ?
1.2. 124. ,

.
1.3. n, n5 + 2 n + 2.
(15 ; | 7 )
: cos x + cos x = 2.
2.2.
c2 .
, 1.
2.3. 15 , N , 1 6 N 6 7, ,
, N . ?
2.1.
(15 ; | 7 )
3.1. : 3; 7; 14; 24; : : : , .
.
3.2. D (AD k BC ) . , , D
, .
3.3. 24 .
: ,
( , -
, , ,
)
.
?
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1.
1 x2 = 4x3 3x.
| 60 |
10 , 2004/2005
4.2. ABCD . ,
, ABC , ABD, ACD
BCD. , = BD.
4.3. 2004 , .
. ?
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1.
, x,
| ,
xy2 + yz 2 + zx2 > 1.

3
x + 1 y3 + 1 z3 + 1
5.2. | , 11 . .
0,5. ,
,
.
5.3. . ,
,
.
2004/2005
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
|x + 3y 5; 5| + |x 3y | 6
2005
:
2006
1.2.
, , . | ?
1.3.
. , 27.
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1.
, -
x4 + y4 = a;
cos(x y ) + xy = 1
.
| 61 |
2.2. ABC AA1

CC1 . AA1 D, A1 D = C1 D.
E | AC . , A, C1 , D E
.
2.3. 5x4 = 4y 3 + 3 ?
(15 ; | 7 )
3.1.
, 0 < x <
,
6
sin x + tg2 x + sin3 x + tg4 x + : : : < 1; 2:

3.2. .
1, 3 15, ( ) | 4, 5 11.
, .
3.3. , . ?
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1.
, x :
q
q
9 + x2 3x 2 + 16 + x2 4x 2 > 5:
4.2. ,
, ?
4.3. .
( ) .
,
?
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1. P (x) , P (1) = 1, P (2) =
= 2, P (3) = 3, P (4) = 4, P (5) = 5,
x | ?
5.2. D : BC = 4, D = 60 ,
AB CD + BC AD
BD = 90 . SABCD =
. CD.
2
5.3. : 2005 2008?
| 62 |
10 , 2005/2006
2005/2006
(10 ; | 6 )
, ax5 + bx4 + c = 0
. cx5 +
+ bx + a = 0?
1.2. ,
?
1.3. 99- ,
( , ) ?
1.1.
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1.
:
( 2
8a + 7c2 = 16ab;
9b2 + 4d2 = 8cd:
D F |
CD . AF D
?
2.3. ,
( ).

?
2.2.
(20 ; | 8 )
3.1.
:
1
1
1
2 + 32 + : : : + 992 + 1002 <
1
2
99
100
3.2. , .
P Q.
| AP BQ, |
Q. ,
.
3.3. 5 5 1, 2, : : : , 25,
(
) .
?
| 63 |
(25 ; | 9 )
4.1. ,
?
4.2.
b, '.
, .
4.3. , ,
, | ?
(15 ; | 7 )
x2 +
+ xy + y 2 , 1 6 x2 + y 2 6 2.
5.2. D AD, BM ||CD CM ||BA. , = ;
DM = b.
5.3. . ,
. -
?
5.1.
| 64 |
11
1998/1999
(10 ; | 6 )
: 2 cos(0;1x) = 2x + 2x .
1.2. , . , , ,
, .
1.3. ,
13.
?
1.1.
(15 ; | 7 )
: 5x 3x = 16.
2.2. , , ?
2.3. ,
.
2.1.
(15 ; | 7 )
3.1. , a,
b c : ax2 + 2bx + c = 0, bx2 + 2cx + a = 0,
cx2 + 2ax + b = 0 .
3.2. A ABC AK
B .
AKC ABC .
3.3. .
,
?
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1.
3 3x 1
x + 1 = log3 (2x 7) + x 6:
33
4.2. 1999 ,
:
, ?
| 65 |
4.3. , 5, 9.
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1.
:
(
p
1;
x + 1 y2 =
2
y + 1 x = 3:
5.2.
, . ,
.
5.3.
, .
1999/2000
(10 ; | 6 )
: cos 36 sin 18 .
1.2. , , 4 , 5 7 .
1.3. 1999 - -
.
1.1.
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1.
:
1
x(x + 1)
1
1
1
+
+
= 2:
(x + 1)(x + 2) (x + 2)(x + 3) (x + 3)(x + 4)
2.2. O | ABCD. AOB , BOC , COD DOA

. , AOB ,
BOC COD 3, 4 6. , DOA.
2.3. 100 ,
| 50 , | 48 .
| 66 |
11 , 2000/2001
, ,
,
, , | ,
, .
?
(15 ; | 7 )
3.1.
xy .
x2 + y2
: p
3.2.
. ,
.
3.3. x, tg x tg 2x .
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1. f () , | x R
f (x2 ) = x?
4.2. S .
,

.
n2 n + 1
4.3. n
?
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1. - ,
(; +), x, .
5.2. ,
1999- 2 .
5.3. , ?
2000/2001
(10 ; | 6 )
(
1.1.
xy = 1;
x + y + cos2 z = 2:
| 67 |
1.2. ,
, ?
1.3. n , 2000 <

n<
< 2001?
(15 ; | 7 )
: x2 5x 4 x + 13 = 0.
2.2. , , R.
.
2.3. : : : : x3 + : : : x2 + : : : x + : : : = 0
. ( ). ,
. ?
2.1.
(15 ; | 7 )
= x3 6x2 + 12x 7. - ,
(x) .
3.2. 1 1 1 | . 1
Q. , 1
h.
3.3. n A = 1313 : : : 13 ( 2n )
63?
3.1.
(x)
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1.
2|x| + |x| = y + x2 + a;
x2 + y2 = 1:
?
4.2. ABCD AD BC A | ,
E | , F | , E B . CF E , DF E =
= .
4.3.
: 1; (3; 5); (7; 9; 11); (13; 15; 17; 19); : : : .
n- ?
| 68 |
11 , 2001/2002
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1. (x) = (x 4) (x 3) (x 2) (x 1) x(x + 1) (x + 2) (x + 3) (x + 4).
0 (x).
5.2. ABC : C = 10 , B = 20 .
M , CMB | ( M
).
MAB MAC .
5.3. , sin 1 + cos 1
: arcsin(arccos m) arccos(arcsin m), m =
.
2
2001/2002
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1. ,
:
p
(
x 6 1 y2 ;
p
y 6 1 x2
1.2. 9 ,
?
1.3. 30
, .
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1. , f (x)
g(x) h(x) , f (x) = g(x) sin x + h(x) cos x.
2.2. , , 4 ,
6 , 8 , 7 9 . ?
2.3. x, y z ,
: z = 1 + xy .
(15 ; | 7 )
: x3 + x2 + x = .
3
3.2. AL BM , . ,
, L M . CN ,
a.
1
3.1.
| 69 |
3.3. , , , , .
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1. , P (x)
x.
1
?
2001
. ,
, ,
, 7 : 11 : 13.
4.3. 1, 2, 3, : : : , 99, 100
, 102,
203,
304?
4.2.
(25 ; | 9 )
x3 + xy4 = y9 + y7 ;
x2 + y3 = 2:
5.2. P
: | , M | , D ,
D : D = 2 : 1. , M D ,
(
5.1.
,
. ?
5.3. 2001 ,

?
2002/2003
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
3

2x + 2x2 x + 2
:
6 |1 2x2 | +
x+1
|x + 1|
AD E
; = 60 . , OD = OE .
1.3. f (x) | , . , f (f (x)) | .
, f (x) | ?
1.2.
| 70 |
11 , 2002/2003
(15 ; | 7 )
x + x = y 2002.
2.2. D CD
b . ,
BD, |
AD.
2.3. 2002! , ,
:
,
+, | , , .
.
+
. ,
.
. ?
2.1.
(15 ; | 7 )
x, y z :
x + y + z = 5 xy + yz + zx = 8. , 1 6 x 6 73 .
3.2. A1 , A2 , : : : , A10
10 . A1 A4
A1 A2 .
3.3. 100 . , , ?
3.1.
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1.
:
3
+
3
x 3 + x3 + x = 3x:
3
4.2. D D
AC . ,
BD = 6 , = 60 .
1
1
1
4.3. 1;
; ; ; : : :
2
3
4
, .
| 71 |
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1.
sin2001 x +
1
1
2001
2003 x = cos x + sin2003 x .
, V , -
5.2.
cos
.
. , .
5.3.
4a + 1 + 4b + 1 + 4c + 1, a + b + c = 1.
2003/2004
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
xy
x2 6y
x y , 2 xy 2
x + 6y
= . 5
2.
1.2. 1, 6
11. ?
1.3. . , , |
. , .
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1. f (x) | , . , f (f (x)) | . ,
f (x) | ?
2.2. ABCD | . , C , 3 , , BDC , 4 . .
2.3. n,
: n3 n = n!
(15 ; | 7 )
12
4
6
: 2 x + 2 x = 2 2 x .
3.2.
B L , = BL. ,
KL > 1 AC .
3.1.
| 72 |
11 , 2004/2005
3.3. + = , 150
. , ?
(20 ; | 8 )
: (1+tg 1 ) (1+tg 2 ) : : : (1+tg 44 ).

4.2. s , r R.
, M .
M ?
4.3. , 5 ,
| 49, | 51. :
1) ; 2) .
, , , ?
4.1.
(25 ; | 9 )
5.1. , , b
3 b3 c3 = 3abc 2 = 2(b + c). .
5.2.

, , , ,
.
.
5.3. 17 . . , . ,
?
2004/2005
(10 ; | 6 )
: 2|x| cos y + lg(1 + x2 + |y |) = 0.

1.2. ABCD K , M , N P | AB , BC , CD DA . AM CK
E , AN CP | F .
AECF , ABCD 12.
1.3. M | : a, b, c 1 b c.
M .
1.1.
| 73 |
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1.
k b ,
(
y = kx + b;
|x + 2| + |y 2| = 4
.
2.2. ,
?
2.3. , m m2 + 2 | ,
3
m + 2 | .
(15 ; | 7 )
, x,
, x3 3x2 = y 3 3y 2 = z 3 3z 2 . ,
x + y + z .
3.2. | . , = 100 , + = .
3.3. -
- ?
3.1.
yz
(20 ; | 8 )
3
4
5
: 2x + 4x + 2564 = 3 16x .
4.2.
, ,
.
, .
4.3. | 0
N , 1.
( | ). ,
.
?
4.1.
(25 ; | 9 )
, 9x2 + 16y 2 + 144z 2 = 169.

6x 4y + 24z .
5.2. A C ABCD, | B D. ,
.
5.1.
| 74 |
11 , 2005/2006
5.3.
. ( - )
: , ,
. ( |
. |
, .)
, ,
. ?
2005/2006
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1. , f (x) = 0
g (x) = 0 ,
. f (x) + g (x) = 0
?
1.2. , , .
, ?
1.3. ,
(, 71
134 ). ,
.
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1. f (x) g (x), R
, , f (g (x)) 0 g (f (x)) 0?
2.2. b
(. ). 60 ,
.
?
aa
bb
| 75 |
2.3.
: x2 2xy + 2x y + 1 = 0.
(20 ; | 8 )
3.1.
x + y2 = z3 ;
x2 + y3 = z 4 ;
x3 + y4 = z 5 :
3.2. , 1. .
3.3. ( ). , , .
(25 ; | 9 )
4.1.
> 0, b > 0, c > 0 a + b + c = 3,
,
a + b + c > ab + bc + ca.
4.2. , ,
, = 6 2; = 6 + 2; = 2 19.
4.3. N ,
, ?
(15 ; | 7 )
, sin > 0 sin 3 > 0; 25, , sin >

.
1296
5.2. . D , = BD.
DEC , | , .
5.3. 54
. , ? (
, 27 ).
109
5.1.
| 76 |
1998/1999
ABC = 120 .
ABD CBD , BD | ABC
(. . 1). , , , ,
ABD CBD.
C
D
180 ,
60 , , ABC = 120 .
1.2. :
E
B
A
) ).
.
1
,
. ) = 3 5;
1.1. :
) = 0;5 +3; ) = 0;7; ) = 0;5 +3; ) = x; ) = 0;7 +0;4.

3
, , , , ) ) ,
) ) .
1.3. : 1717.
S = 1 + 4 + 7 + : : : + 97 + 100, S = 100 + 97 + : : : + 4 + 1,
, 2S = (1 + 100) + (4 + 97) + : : : + (97 + 4) + (100 + 1),
1
101
= 1717.
(100 + 2) : 3 = 34, , S =
2
2.1. : , .
AD , BC CA (. . 2). :
AB = BC = CA; BAD = CBE = ACM ( ); ABD =
= BCE = CAM , 60 .
,
. : AD = BE = CM BD = CE = AM . MD =
= AD AM , DE = DB , ME = CM CE , MD = DE = ME ,
MDE | .
B
y
34
y=
1
A
x5
x5
C
. 2
5
. 3
| 77 |
2.2. :
. . 3.
: y = 1, x 6= 5.
2.3. : 2430 6435.
, 43 ,
b. 45, , 5
9. 5, b ( ) 0 5.
: + 4 + 3 + b = + 7 + b:
9, , b = 0, = 2; b = 5, = 6.
3.1. : AB = 8 ; = 4 ;
A BC D E
F
D = 7 ; DE = 5 ; EF = 11 .
. . 4: AB = AF (BD + DF ) =
. 4
= 35 (11 + 16) = 8 (). BC = AC AB =
= 12 8 = 4 (). CD = BD BC = 11 4 = 7 (). DE = CE CD =
= 12 7 = 5 (). EF = DF DE = 16 5 = 11 ().
y
3.2. : = 2;5; = ; = 2; = 1;5;
= 1;6.
y
(x; y)

: = k, k 6= 0. , 6= 0,
y
k = (. . 5).
x
3.3. : , .
x
x
: 6 1998 = 2 3 3 666 =
= 2 666 9 9, ,
. 5
9.
4.1. : ){) , , . . 6{.
B
C
A
O
D
A
O
. 6
E
. 6
D
E
B
. 6
4.2. : 32 .
22 11 = 242 (),
| 21 10 = 210 (). , ,
242 210 = 32 ().
4.3. : ) ; ) .
) , m = 444, n = 3. ) , m
2, n 2.
| 78 |
7 , 1999/2000
1999/2000
1.1. : 2000.
, : 1 2 + 3 4 + : : : + 1999 2000 + x = 1000;
1000 + x = 1000; x = 2000.
1.2. . , , , 6 , |
, 100
(
). ,
.
1.3. :
, 2001 =
9 9
.
8 10
2001
2001
2.1. : (x2 + 3x + 2)(x + 3) = (x + 1)(x2 + 5x + 6).

a, b c ,
,
:
(x2 + ax + 2)(x + 3) = x3 + (a + 3)x2 + (3a + 2)x + 6;
(x + b)(x2 + cx + 6) = x3 + (b + c)x2 + (bc + 6) + 6b:

,
: 6b = 6; bc + 6 = 3a + 2;
b + c = a + 3. , ,
b = 1; a = 3; c = 5.
,
.
2.2. , ,
. 7.
. 7
, , ( ) .
, ,
- .
| 79 |
2.3. :
1
8
8 + 222 444 888 + 444 888 1776

=
2 4 8 + 444 888 1776 + 888 1776 3552
1 2 4 (1 + 2222 + 4442 )
1
=
= :
2 4 8 (1 + 2222 + 4442 )
8
3.1. .
b = a +2 c
a > c, a > b > c. ,
ab + bc ac b2 = (ab ac)+(bc b2 ) = a(b c) b(b c) = (a b)(b c) > 0:

. b , :

a+c a+c
a+c 2
ab + bc ac b2 = a
+
c ac
=
2
2
2
(a + c)2
(a + c ) 2
(a c ) 2
(a + c)2
ac =
ac =
> 0;
=

a > c.
B
20 .
AHC
H
H HM
, (.
. 8). , AC = 2MH = 20 .
3.3. :
A
C
M
.
. 8
,
: n + 3n + 6n = 64, n | , . n | ,
, ,
. , ,
: m + 5m + 10m = 64, m |
, . m = 4, ,
20 ,

16, .
4.1. : 16.
, 7,
| 13. ,
3.2. :
| 80 |
7 , 2000/2001
5, | 10. , x | , : 7 + 9 6
6 x 6 13 + 9 5 + 6 6 x 6 10 + 6. ,
x 16, ,

, . : , 13 6
, 9 ; , 10 10 ,
6 . ,
, |
| .
4.2. : 6.
, , 64 = 26 ,
6. ,
6. , , ,
,
. , , ,
,
.
4.3. : 217.
x | . ,
239 x. 10
, : x = 10 (238 x)+ r, 0 6 r < 9,
11x = 2380 + r, x = 216 +

.
11
, r = 7,
4+
x
x = 217.
2000/2001
1.1. :
m = 2001.
m
2
2
m = 2001 m = 2001 m = 2001.
2001
1.2. :
m
m 2001 -
2001
.
DA1 B1 C1 D1 | (. . 9).
, , (, 1 ),
. ,

| 81 |
(
).
1.3. : 2001.
,

2001.
2.1.
13
60
>
:
12
60
1
2
1
3
= ;
1
5
1
20
1
6
1
20
B1
C1
A1
D1
B
D
. 9
= , |
5
, , ,
AB = 9 .
ABK MBC
2.2. :
1
5
(. . 10),
| .
> , M
, K | . M
C
, BC = BM = 8 (); AB = BK = A
K
= BC + CK = 9 ().
. 10
2.3. : , .
: 1+2+: : :+63+64 = (1+64)32 = 6532.
, , ,
, , 65, 32
3.
:
3.
; 3
2, 1 3 .
, .
3.1. : 1, 2 4.
, b | , .
,
: aa; bb; cc; ab; ba; ac; ca; bc; cb. ,
: (10a + a) + (10b +
+ b)+(10c + c)+(10a + b)+(10b + a)+(10a + c)+(10c + a)+(10b + c)+(10c +
+ b) = 33a + 33b + 33c = 33(a + b + c). , 33(a + b + c) = 231,
, a + b + c = 7.
, 7.
3.2. : 40 2 .
| 82 |
7 , 2000/2001
, ,
| . 1) 4ADB = 4CBD (II ), , AD = BC AB = CD.
2) 4ADB = 4ACB (I ). 3) 4AB =
= 4CDA (III ). ,
.
3.3. : , .
, , ,
1234 : 2 = 617 .
: 1) ;
2) ; 3) .
: | !, :
| !. ,
, , 617.
22
2
2
22
4.1. : 2222 < 22 < 222 < 2222 < 2222 < 222 < 22 .
2
2
: 22 = 24 = 16 < 222 < 222 = 484 < 512 = 29 < 222 . ,
2
22
2
22
22 < 2222 < 222 < 22 . : 222 =
2
2
2
= 224 > 164 = 216 = 22 222 = 224 < 2222 < 6437 = (26 )3 7 = 2222 ;
2222
22
< 2562 = 216 = 22 .
D
C
10 .
PABC = PABD , + = AD + BD
O
(. . 11). , PACD = PBCD ,
B
+ AD = BC + BD. A
. 11
BC = BD AD :
2 = 2BD, , = BD. , AD = BC , ,
ADB = B ( III ),
4ABD = 4BAC , , 4AB | ; = =
= 10 .
4.3. : 8.
| . . 12.
4.2. :
2
1
4
3
2
1
. 12
3
2
1
4
3
2
4
3
2
1
4
3
1
4
3
2
1
4
2
1
4
3
2
1
. 12
| 83 |
3
2
1
4
3
2
. 12
, ,
,
,
(. . 12). , 4 8,
.
|
(. . 12). . , ,
| 20, | 16,
.
2001/2002
1.1. : .
52002 , : 52002 = (54 )500 52 = 625500 25 < 1000500 25 =
= (103 )500 25 = 25 101500 . 1502 , , 52002 , 2002 .
1.2. : , .
B
, , ( 6= )
H (. . 13). CH < AH ,
HA D , HD = HC ,
. BHC BHD , BC = BD.
D H C
, D: A
.
13
BC = BD, | , H |
, AD . , , |
.
1.3. : 82,5 /.
( , -)
26062. , 1 20 26062
4
25952 = 110 (), 110 : = 82; 5 (/).
3
2.1. : 2001, 2002 2003.
n 1, n n + 1 | ,
3n, . (a
b + 2002) + (b c + 2002) + (c a + 2002) = 6006, n = 2002. ,
n 1 = 2001, n + 1 = 2003.
2.2. : .
| 84 |
7 , 2001/2002
| ABCD (. . 14). AOB , BOC ,
COD, DOA, ABC , ADC , ABD CBD
, A, O, C B , O,
D .
C
D
, . 14
| ,
. , ,
,
.
2.3. : 370 160 (. . 15).
5050
5050
160 160
160 160
5050
1010
. 15
. 10
50 10 (). ,
,
, | 50 ,
,
10 + 50 3 = 160 (). 160
50 (), , ,
160 , .
50 + 160 2 = 370 ().

3.1. : , .
. 2,
.
.
. 2 ,
. ,
| 85 |
, ,
, , . ,
,
.
3.2. : 45 .
B

AB1 H BB1 C (. . 16): AH = BC ( A1
H
); HC = 90 B = 1 B , ,
.
, AB1 = BB1 , 4ABB1 |
A
B1
C
, ,
. 16
= BB1 = 45 .
3.3. : , .
,
, 2001 2002 .
, 2001 + 2002 = 4003 .
.
4003 3,
.
4.1.
11
: : : 1} 22
: : : 2} = 1 00
: : : 0} 1 11
: : : 1} 2 |11 {z
: : : 1} =
| {z
| {z
| {z
| {z
2218
218
217 218
218
:
:
:
1
=
99
:
: : : 1} =
= 1 |00 {z
: : : 0} 1 2 11
| {z } | {z: : 9} 11
| {z
217
218
218
218
= 3 33
: : : 3} 11
: : : 1} = |33 {z
: : : 3} 33
: : : 3} = |33 {z
: : : 3}2 :
| {z
| {z
| {z
218
218
218
218
218
4.2. :
2 .
A

(. . 17). =
40
20
= 180 (20 + 40 ) = 120 , =
MD
C
= = 60 . - B
.
17
D , D = ,
CD = C D = BC .
BAD D = BD = (180 20 ) : 2 = 80 ; C |
, C = 20 + 60 = 80 .
BD = C , 4MAD | MD.
AD = BAD = 120 80 = 40 , AD = DCA,
| 86 |
7 , 2002/2003
4CAD | AC . CD =
= AD = AM = 2 ().
4.3. : 141; 147; 159; 174; 186.
, , , , ,
: 111 = 105 + 6; 114 = 111 + 3; . . : 141 =
= 129 + 12; 147 = 141 + 6; 159 = 147 + 12; 174 = 159 + 15; 186 = 174 + 12.
2002/2003
, . , a = 0; 2, b = 0; 8.
, a b, ,
: a2 b2 = a b (a b) (a + b) = (a b) (a
b) (a + b 1) = 0. , , a = b
a + b = 1. ,
b, a + b = 1.
1.2. : , .
| , P N |
(. . 18). AHC | ,
AHC > HP C = 90 . , AHC | .
1.1. :
B
N
P
H
C
. 18
, , , .
, B AN
CP AHC . BP HN BP H
BNH | , NHP | . 360 , | .
1.3. : 71.
,
, . , , |
| 87 |
. , 72 71.
, | 71.
2.1. : 5 .
. , n , n 1 ,
2n 1.
2n 1 = 65, n = 33. ,
, :
1) 2n 1 = 33, n = 17;
2) 2n 1 = 17, n 9;
3) 2n 1 = 9, n = 5.
. x | ,
2x 1,
(2x 1) + (2x 2) = 4x 3.
, (4x 3) + (4x 4) = 8x 7,
(8x 7) + (8x 8) = 16x 15 .
16x 15 = 65, , x = 5.
2.2. : , .
. | , M K |
(. . 19). | , ,
< 90 , ,
B
, , +
+ > 90 . , +
+ B > 180 , ,
K
M
O
.
. B = ,
: + B = 180 ;
A
C
+ = 90 0; 5 ; = 90 +
. 19
+ 0; 5 > 90 , , | .
2.3. : , .
, ,
8 9, . , | 39. : 48,
49, 79.
3.1. : 160 .
x ,
| (1 x) . , 15x
, | 90(1 x) . ,
: 15x + 90(1 x) = 78. ,
x = 0; 16.
| 88 |
7 , 2002/2003
3.2. :
., , . 20 20 .
. 20
. 20
3.3. :
4014012.
, : 4 = 2 2,
: 6 = 2 3,
8 = 2 4 , ,
2. , 2003- 2002-
2 2003. , 2003-
S = 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + : : : + 2 2003. , 2003-
2 + S = 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + : : : + 2 2003 = 2 (1 + 2 + 3 + : : : + 2003) =
= 2 (1 + 2003) 1002 = 2003 2004 = 4014012.
4.1. : 1,5 .
4
. 60 : 45 = ,
3
4
3
, ,
1
3
.
2 . ,
1
.
3
, | 3
. , :
2
1 : = 1; 5 ().
3
. L | , x
| , y |
.
(x + y ) /c, | (2x + y ) /c. ,
:
(
(x + y ) 60 = L;
(2x + y ) 45 = L:
, , :
| 89 |
x+y =
L;
60
2x + y = 1 L
45
:
x =
L;
180
y = 1 L:
90
L = 90 ().
y
4.2. : = 1 .
AD = BE , CD = AE , ADC =
= DEC = BEA ( ),
4ADC = 4BEA (. . 21).
, = ,
= = = 1
( ).
4.3. : , .
, n , -
n(n 1)
D
. 21
. , 7,
2
21, 8, |
28, 9, | 36.
21 , ,
28 , ,
, , |
. ,
8, 9 . 28 23 = 5
, : 36 23 = 13 , ,
. , ,
(
).
2003/2004
, , 642 643 = 326 .

2
a a3 = a5 , a5 = b6 , a = n6 ,
b = n5 , n | . , ,
n = 2, a2 = 212 ; a3 = 218 , , (26 )2 (26 )3 = (25 )6 .
1.1. :
1.2. :
, .
, | (, . . 22).
| 90 |
7 , 2003/2004
D
. 22
1.3. :
, , , : 2 ,
11 167 .
180 ,
.
, 2 .
, 178. : 2 , 5 173 ; 2 , 29 149 ; 2 , 41 137 ; 2 , 47
131 ; 2 , 71 107 ; 2 , 89 89 .
2.1. : , .
, a 3 2,
, : a = 3t +2, t |
( t = 32003 ). a2 + 2 = (3t + 2)2 + 2 =
= 9t2 + 12t + 6 = 3(3t2 + 4t + 2), ,
t. , .
2.2. : CD = 4.
BAC = , BCA = 3 (. . 23). DBC | , BDC = BCD = .
DA = 3 . CDB | AD ,
CDB = DAC + DA. , = +(3 ) = 2.
, DA = , , DC | . , D = AD = 4.
B
D
A
C
. 23
2.3. :
. 24
, .
| 91 |
, ,
, .
. . 24
.
6. , :
1) 6, ,
.
2) , 5.
| ,
1,
. ,
( . 24
) | .
3.1. xy + z = yz + x xy yz + z x = 0 y (x z ) (x z ) =
= 0 (x z )(y 1) = 0 x = z y = 1. ,
xy + z = zx + y , y = z x = 1,
yz + x = zx + y , x = y z = 1. ,
x = z , y = z x = y ,
(x y )(y z )(z x) = 0 . ,
, : x 6= z , y 6= z x 6= y , x = 1, y = 1 z = 1,
, x = y = z | . ,
x = z , y = z x = y , ,
.
3.2. : , .
K MC , | (. . 25). , MD |
M
B
C
. , A =
= AB + BA = 60 + 30 = 90 ,
M
MDC = 30 . , = K
= 45 , D = 75 . , =
= + D + D = 45 + 60 +
A
D
+ 75 = 180 , , , K
. 25
.
3.3. : 350.
abc | , 7bc = abc =
= 100a + bc. , 6bc = 100a. 2,
| 92 |
7 , 2003/2004
: 3bc = 50a. 50 3 ,
bc 50, , bc = 50, = 3.
, , , bc 7
, = 0 = 5. ,
, < 7.
4.1. x = 2001, : (x3)(x1)(x+1)(x+
+3)+16 = (x2 9) (x2 1)+16 = x4 10x2 +25 = (x2 5)2 .

20012 5.
4.2. : 70 , 40 100 .
| , 40 ; AK , BL
M | , (. . 26 , ).
K
O
O
O
O
A
. 26a
. 26
, . , AOC = 90 , OC +
+ OC = 90 , , BC + BC = 180 , .
LOC = 90 , BOC = 90 ,
. ,
, L. :
1) L (. . 26); 2)
: K ,
(. . 26). BL , , |
: 40 ; 70 ; 70 .
, C ( AB )
: 40 ; 40 ; 100 .
, ,
.
| 93 |
4.3. :
2003.
, - "" | ,
, "" - | . , , ,
( ) . | , | ,
. x | , y |
, x + y , (x + y ) 1 , | x. :
(x + y ) 1 = 2x x = y 1, ,
1, ,
2003 .
2004/2005
1.1. :
1.2. : , .
,
BD (. . 27), ,
. 27.
AC
B
. 27
B1
B2
. 27
1.3. :
.
, 230 , 190 , (230 + 190 7) : 8 = 195.
2.1. : 23 F .
, 100 = 180 F , , 1 = 1; 8 F . , 5 : 32 F 5 1; 8 F =
= 23 F .
| 94 |
7 , 2004/2005
2.2. :
(. . 28).
2.3. : 121.
. ,
,
11. , ,
112 = 121,
. 28
.
3.1. : 75 ,
| 15 .
, 100% 300%
120 . , 200% 120 90 = 30 .
15 , :
90 15 = 75 ().
x + y = 90;
0; 25x + 0; 75y = 30;
x y | . , ,
.
3.2. : 3,5 .
BD + DE + EA + AC = BC , B D
E
A
C
A, D E
2
3
4
5
, . 29.
. 29
AB = 9 ; CD = 12 .
, , :
, , 4,5 .
CD C CD, ,
6 . , AB CD
14 4; 5 6 = 3; 5.

.
3.3. : 8.
- , .
. , | 95 |
, . ,
, . ,
.
, : , , , , , ,
, .
4.1. : , .
, 91, | 100,
101.
, , .
, ab = 10 + b cd = 10c + d
, 11 + 2b = 11c + 2d 11(a c) = 2(d b).
b = d, = , ab = cd. b 6= d, d b 11,
, d b | .
4.2. : ,
.
1) , ,
2. , . 1, 2
3 2,
2 . ,
, , .
2) 1
1
2
(. . 30) .
x
1x
. 30
. 30
. 30
3) 4
, . 30. x, 1 x,
2 x.
| 96 |
7 , 2005/2006
1 2x, ,
4 8x. , 1
x = .
4
4) , 6
2
(. . 30).
2x
2(1 2x) + 2
= 3(1 2x), , x =
2
6
, x,
,
.
: , n
2, n 4 .
1
2x)(n 3)
. ,
n4
n 4 , 2, , 1 2x =
n3

2(1 2x) + 2
1
n 3) .
2(
2x
n4 =
2(1
n = 4, 2).
4.3. : , .
- , b .
b + c, c + a
a + b. (b + c) + (c + a) + (a + b) = 2(a + b + c),
.
5, ,
, 5 .
2005/2006
1.1. : 500 .
80 65 = 15 (/) = 250
(/). , ,
250 2 = 500 ().
1.2. .
. D | (. . 31 , ).
. K | (. .
31). AK ABK , .
MD | , .
| 97 |
M
M
B
B
K
K
P
P
P
C
C
B
BE
E
F
F
C
C
Q
Q
A
A
D
D
A
A
. 31
D
D
. 31
. F
1
, EF = BC 6= F (. . 31). 2
BF
DCF , . P D | .
( ) , .
1.3. : 24 .
x .
| ,
. 84 2 = 168 .
, ,
| , | 7x.
168
, x =
= 24.
2.1. :
, 17 (117 + 1) = 2006 17 117 + 17 = 2006

17 (17 7 1) = 2006.
2.2. : 1 2 , 1
(. . 32).
M
M11111
A
A
M
M22222
22
. 32
| 98 |
B
B
C
C
11
7 , 2005/2006

, .
1) , + = + BA +
+ = 2 + 2; = C + M = AM + 3, , = 1.
| 1 (. . 32).
2) . + = = 2;
= + = + 1, , = 1 = .
| 2 (. . 32).
3) . ,
+ > = 2, 6 1.
4) . , > CM .
3) 4) .
, (0) ,
(x) , |x| + |x 2| = |x 3|.
2.3. : .
x , | 4x. , | ,
, . ,
4x x = 17. 17 3,
, .
, | , (x 1) (4x + 1) . , (4x + 1) (x 1) = 17
4x x + 2 = 17 x = 5. ,
.
3.1. : , .
b | ,
3 = b3 b. : (3 b3 ) ( b) = 0 ( b)(2 + ab +
+ b2 ) ( b) = 0 ( b)(2 + ab + b2 1) = 0.
b
, a = b.
3.2. AD K M (. . 33). ,
CEK DBM . , CK = DM K = DMB . AK = AMB (,
). , AMK ,
MK , | (AK = AM ). , = AK + CK = AM + DM = AD,
D | (
CD). ACD = ADC , .
| 99 |
B
B
A
A
K
K
M
M
C
C
E
E
D
D
. 33
. 34
3.3. : .
(.
. 34).
, . ,
,
.
, . .
2 2,
,
.
, . ,
(., , . 34;
).
, ,
, . ,
4 n.
4.1. x, y z | , . ,
2
5
4
, - x; y z . 3
4
5
, . .
. , ,
, ,
2
x 54 y 54 z = xyz . xyz 6= 0 23 45 45 = 32 6= 1,
3
.
| 100 |
7 , 2005/2006
. , ,
5
4
2
: 1) x = y ; y = z z = x;
2)
z = 54 y; x = 45 z y = 23 x.
1) , 4x = 5y , |
5y = 4z , x = z , .
2) , 4z = 5y , |
5x = 4z , x = y , .
, , .
4.2. : , .
., , . 35.
88
66
2
11
3
99
4 55
77
10
10
. 35
4.3. :
9867312.
(
), | .
, 5, , ,
, .
5, , . | 0 5,
40, 3, 9
. ,
| 101 |
,
9.
4
, , 0, 5 4.
| 9876312, 36,
9 3. 312 8,
8. 6 , 2
3. 7.
, 8
7, .
132 8,
. , 8 (9872316, 9872136, 9871632),
, 7. ,
.
, , 9867312. 7 (9867312 : 7 = 1409616),
.
| 102 |
1999/2000
1.1. : .
. 1999
2000
, , x >
.
, x 6
2000
2001
=
> 2001 = 1 2001 , 2000 < 2001 . ,
1
2000
2000
x, ,
, .
1.2. 1) C D AB (. . 36a). , AD |
AP B , ACB = AD = 90 ( , ). Q | AP B ,
, P Q,
, AB P Q, .
C D
P Q.
1
1999
2000
1999
2000
P
C
D
Q
A
B
Q
. 36a
. 36
2) , C D
AB , AB P Q (., , . 36). .
1.3. : 9876543201.
9876543210. , ,
7 2. 9876543201 9.
| 103 |
2.1. :
1.
(3 2).
1, .
(ab)(a+b) = a2 b2
, ,
1024 21024 + 21024

= 1.
1024
3
2.2. :
6 c.
ABCD
r, .
. , K | AB (.
. 37). ,
, AK = AD = 9 , BK = BC = 4 , AOB = 90 ,
2
2
,
180 . OK | AOB ,
. -
AK BK , , OK = r = 6 .
1
B
K
. 37a
. 37
. AB +
+ CD = BC + AD, , AB = CD = (BC + AD) : 2 = 13 .
BE CF (. . 37). AE = DF = (AD
BC ) : 2 = 5 . ABE CDF , , 12 .
, , 6 .
2.3. : , .
, 99 99 ,
| c .
3.1. x | , y | ;
a , b . : xa + yb + 1 = xb + ya. ,
, : (xy ) (ba) =
| 104 |
8 , 1999/2000
= 1. , x > y , , a < b. b a > 0;5,
x y < 2. x y | x > y, x y = 1, ,
b a = 1. , , ,
1 .
3.2. : 5.
E F | AD, M K |
AC BD (. . 38).
. B A K F
K , F , M E .
D
KF
M
DBA, KF k AB KF = 0;5 . E
, EM |
CAB , , EM k AB EM = 0;5A .
C
, KF k EM KF = EM ,
. 38
, KF M | . KE | DBC ,
KE k DC . , AB CD, , KF k AB ,
, KE KF , , KF M | . , : MK = EF = 5.
. :
O(0; 0) | AB CD; AB | x; CD |
y . , A(a; 0); (b; 0); (0; ); D(0; d).
, , E (0;5b; 0;5);
F (0;5a; 0;5d); M (0;5a; 0;5c); K (0;5b; 0;5d).
p
(P Q = (xP xQ )2 + (yP yQ )2 ), , MK = EF = 5.
3.3. : , .
.
. ,
, , .
, 22
, .
. .
, | .
, , .
,
, ,
.
4.1. : a = 2.
| 105 |
x0 | , x0 6= 0,
. x0 , x0 . , x0 = 1,
, -
a, 1. x = 1 ,
, a = 2, , 1
, , a = 2.
x = 1 a = 2
.
4.2. B
( ),
,
, , | A1
L
. , ,
C1
P
M
H
M
ABC ,
H ,
M A
B1 K
C

. 39
(. . 39).
,
, ,
:
MA + MB + MC + MP + MK + ML =
= (MA + MP ) + (MB + MK ) + (MC + ML) >
> AP + BK + CL > AA1 + BB1 + CC1 =
= HA + HA1 + HB + HB1 + HC + HC1 :
, M - , .
4.3. : a = 1, b = 1 ( ).
a4 + 4b4 = (a4 + 4a2 b2 + 4b2 ) 4a2 b2 =

= (a2 + 2b2 )2 (2ab)2 = (a2 2ab + 2b2 )
(a2 + 2ab + 2b2 ) = ((a b)2 + b2 )((a + b)2 + b2 ):
| 106 |
8 , 2000/2001
, ,
,
( 1. ,
(
(
a = b;
a = b;
b = 0;
a b | , :
.
b = 1
b = 1
a = 1
, , 1,
. , , | , ,
5.
2000/2001
1.1. : (; 0; 5).
, 0.5
2001
. - 2000
.
40
c x, 2000,
2000 + 2001
2001.
= 0; 5, 2
, 0; 5
(. . 40).
, , ( ) .
1.2. : .
B

ABCD (. .
41). ABC ,
A
C
ADC , ABD CBD :
D
+ BC > AC ; D + D > AC ; + AD > BD;
. 41
C + CD > BD. ,
: 2( + BC + CD + D) > 2(AC + BD). ,
.
1.3. : .
,
, 4 : 1, , S |
| . x |
, y | . (,
. . ) ,
, S y =
= S x, , x = y .
2.1. : (1; 1; : : : ; 1); (1; 1; : : : ; 1).
| 107 |
. , x1 x2 = 1, x2 x3 = 1, : : : , x2001 x1 = 1.
, x21 x22 : : : x22001 = 1, x1 x2 : : : x2001 = 1
x1 x2 : : : x2001 = 1. x1 x2 = 1, x3 x4 = 1, , x1999 x2000 = 1,
x2001 = 1 x2001 = 1. : x1 , x2 ,
. . : x2001 = x2000 = : : : = x1 = 1 x2001 = x2000 = : : : =
= x1 = 1.
. x1 = 1=x2 ; x2 = 1=x3 ; : : : ; x2000 = 1=x2001 . ,

, ,
. , x1 = 1=x2001 , ,
x1 = x2001 = 1. , , x2 = 1,
. . , 1,
1.
2.2. AMC ANC (. . 42)
Q | , , QM QN AC , ,
B
. MQN .
. QM = QN = 0; 5 ,
M
M N N
. BAM = 90 ABC = 30 ( ). MQN =

= 2MAN = 60 , MQN | A
Q
C
, MAN | ,
. 42
.
. MQN = 180 (AQN + CQM ).
AQN CQM | , AQN = 180
2CAB ; CQM = 180 2ACB . AQN +CQM = 360 2(CAB +
+ ACB ) = 360 2(180 ABC ) = 120 , , MQN = 60 .
, 4MQN | 60 , ,
4MQN | , .
2.3. : m = 4; n = 6.
m > 5 m! 2 5, , , , m! + 12
2, ,
. m = 1; 2; 3; 4,
, m = 4; n = 6.
3.1. : (1; 1), (1; 1), (1; 1), (1; 1).
. ,
:
| 108 |
8 , 2000/2001
x4 y4 +x4 +y4 +14x2 y2 = 0 (x4 y4 2x2 y2 +1)+(x4 2x2 y2 +y4 ) = 0

( 2 2
x y = 1;
2
2
2
2
2
2
|x| = |y | = 1:
(x y 1) + (x y ) = 0
x2 = y2
x4 + 1 > x2
. :
2
4+1
y
> y 2 . , 2
4, , (x4 + 1)(y 4 + 1) > 4x2 y 2 ,
, x4 = y 4 = 1.
3.2. :
1 : 1.
A
ADC |
,
D
ADC = 90 , , 4BDC |
. KD = KC ,

,
C
K
B
(. . 43). DCK = CDK =
. 43
= , , DC = 90 DCK =
= 90 ; KD = 90 CDK = 90 , , KD = KB .
, K = KB , , K | .
DC KD , : DC = KD (DC | ,
D , KD | ,
).
3.3. : 2,5 .
.
a, b c . ,
a + b + c . : a
,
. b
, .
, , c ,
| . , a + b + c
2,5 . , ,
2,5 .
. x, y z . ,
| 109 |

0; 5
0; 5
0; 5
y + z , x + z x + y . ,
0; 5
0; 5
0; 5
T =
y + z + x + z + x + y (). ,
0; 5y
0; 5x

y + z , | x + z , |
0; 5z
x + y . , , ,
0; 5x
0; 5y
0; 5z
y + z + x + z + x + y = 1. , -
: t =
x + y + z . ,
:
1
y+z
x+z
=2
+1+
+1+
x+y
y+z
x+z
x+y
x+y+z y+x+z z+x+y
=2+3
+
+
=5
y+z
x + z
x+y
1
+
y+z
(x + y + z )
1
+
x+z
+1=
1
x+y
= 5:
t 2T = 5, , T : t = 2; 5.
= 4 15 = 4 15.
1
15 = m, 15 = n, m n | . ,
a
4.1. :
a+
1
, , (m 15) (n + 15) = 1
m 15 =
n
+
15
(m n) 15 = 16 mn. 16 mn m n .
16 mn
, ,
m 6= n,
mn
15. m = n, 16 mn = 0, ,
m = n = 4.
4.2. :
5 .
ABCD | ,
(. . 44).
B
C
E
. 44
| 110 |
8 , 2000/2001
, CD, AD . BCDE | ,
BE = CD = 8 . AE = AD ED = AD BC . ,
MK = 0; 5(AD BC ). ( ,
MK , ,
. N | ,
KN MN ABD
ABC .) , MK = 5 , , AE = 10 .
ABE 6 , 8 10 , ,
4ABE | ( ,
). P Q | BC AD
. P Q .
F
B
C
P
. 44
. 44
. P KQM (. . 44).
P M KQ ABC ABD , , P KQM |
. P M k AB , P K k CD k BE BE ,
P M K , , P KQM | . , , P Q = MK = 5 .
. F (. . 44) : ,
, ( ,
, , ). , AF D = 90 , , P Q
BF C AF D . , QF P F |
, , P Q = QF P F = 0; 5AD 0; 5BC =
= 0; 5(AD BC ) = 5 ().
4.3. : .
| 111 |
, , . ,
. , . ,
, 90
, .
, .
,
( ),
, .
(
, |
12
11
6
11
2001/2002
1.1. : a > b.
a > 0, , 1 b
.
a(1 b) >
> 0 a > b.
>
1
4
a > b.
ab >
:
=
1
2
. ,
+ (1 b) >
,
1
4(1
b)
b =
4b + 4b2
=
4(1 b)
1.2. :
> 0.
a + (1 b)
2
a>
>
b >
1
4(1
b)
2b)2
> 0, ,
4(1 b)
(1
90 .
B
C
, , AD |
K (. . 45). AKB =
M
= CBK = ABK , = AK = KD =
A
K
D
= BC , , BCDK | ;
4 | , , BM
. 45
AC . CD k BM , D AC .
1.3. : 3.

4
. ,
,
5
| 112 |
8 , 2001/2002
5

,
4
15.
. -
,

15.
1
12
1
60
1
15
1
5
1
12
, -
, 1, 2, : : : , 11, 12.
2.1. : x = y = z = 0:
. , (x + y + z )2 =
= 0 x2 +y 2 +z 2 +2(xy +yz +zx) = 0. x2 +y 2 +z 2 > 0

x, y z , xy + yz + zx > 0
, . . .,
(
x2 + y2 + z 2 = 0;
xy + yz + zx = 0;
x = y = z = 0.
. , :
(
x = y + z;
x(y + z ) + yz > 0;
c, yz > x(y + z ) = x2 , , 2yz > x2 .

, x2 = y 2 + 2yz + z 2 ,
x2 > y2 + x2 + z 2 , , y = z = 0, , x = 0.
B
2.2. : A = C = 72 ; B = 36 .
, 4AB . ,
OA = OB = OC
O
K
, OAB =
= OBA = OBC = OCB = OAC =
= OCA (. . 46), , BAC =
= BCA, , 4AB | A
C
. AK | BAC ,
. 46
| 113 |
| BAK , BAC = BCA = 4; ABC = 2;

4 + 4 + 2 = 180 = 18 .
2.3. : m = 2.
4
. (5m+11)(2m+7) = 3m+4 > 0 m > ,
3
m, 2, ( ). m = 2
3. m = 3 .
4
m 6 4 | ,
, |5m + 11| |2m + 7| = 5m 11 + 2m + 7 = 3m 4 > 0,
,
.
. , 1 ,
. |5m + 11| = 1 m = 2 m = 2; 4.
, m .
,
: (5m + 11; 2m + 7) = (2m +
+ 7; m 3) = (m 3; 13) = 13, m 3 13 (
1 | ).
, m = 13k + 3, k |
.
k
1
m+7
m + 11 =
2
5
k + 13
k + 26 =
k + 1) 2k + 1
k + 2) = 5k + 2 :
26
13(2
65
13(5
|5k + 2| 6= 1 k ,
m, , .
3.1. : , .
, , b, c, k , m, n, x, y z ,
: amz ; bnx; cky ; any ; bkz cmx
, | . ,
(abcmnpxyz )2 , , .
, ,
.
3.2. : . . 47.

5 A, B , C , D E (. . 47). 6
| , OA = OB = OC = OD = OE (
| 114 |
8 , 2001/2002
), AB = BC = CD = DE = EA AC = AD = BD = BE =
= CE ( | , ).
B
C
A
O
D
E
. 47
3.3. :
10 , | .
n ,
0; 6n + 10
0; 6n. ,
n + 10 = 0; 7.
n = 30, , , 40 ,
28. x ,
28 + y
3
| y . ,
= 0; 6 x 4 = y .
40 + x
5
x y | , x
5. x = 5 y < 0, x = 10 y = 2.
4.1. : a = b = c = d = 2.
. , |
, . ., , : a c = c2 d2 (1); b d = d2 a2 (2);
c a = a2 b2 (3); d b = b2 c2 (4). a > c, (1) ,
c > d, (3) , b > a. ,
b > a > c > d. , b > d, (2) , d > a, (4)
, c > b, c > b > d > a. ,
: a > c c > a, , = .
c > b > d > a , a = b = c = d,
.
, a 6 c
.
. : c2 a2 = (a c) + (b d) (c a) (c + a + 1) = b d. ,
: d2 b2 = (b d) + (c a)
(d b) (d + b + 1) = c a. ,
(d b) (d + b +1) (c + a +1) = b d. b 6= d, (d + b +1) (c + a +1) = 1,
. , b =
= d, , c = a.
| 115 |
, ,
| . :
(
a + b = a2 ;
b + a = b2 ;
, a = b. ,
.
4.2. : 2m + b.
C
M | AB
E
ABC (. . 48).
b
m
, AM = BM = CM BDE =
= MBC = MCB ( A D
M
B
). BD = BC ,
. 48
4BDE = 4BCM (
), , M = DE = m CE = BC BE =
= BD BM = DM . PADC = AD + DE + EC + CA = AD + m +
+ DM + b = AM + b + m = 2m + b.
4.3. : 52 68 88 .

(. . 49), ,
. : x, 2x y ,
| L.
x
, , L = 8x + 4y =
y
= 4(2x + y ). , 2x
,
:
. 49
x
y
L
4
9
68
2
9
52
9
4
88
4,5
4
52
2002/2003 ()
1.1. :
1.
a6 + 3a2 b2 + b6 = (2 + b2 )(4 a2 b2 + b4 ) + 3a2 b2 =

4
2
2
4
= a b + b + 3a2 b2 = 4 + 2a2 b2 + b4 = (2 + b2 )2 = 1.
.
| 116 |
8 , 2002/2003 ()
a6 + 3a2 b2 + b6 = (2 + b2 )3 3a4 b2 3a2 b4 + 3a2 b2 =

2
2
3
2
2
= ( + b ) 3a b (2 + b2 ) + 3a2 b2 = 1 3a2 b2 + 3a2 b2 = 1.
. b2 = 1 2 , a6 + 3a2 b2 + b6 = a6 + 3a2 (1
2 ) + (1 2 )3 = a6 + 3a2 3a4 + 1 3a2 + 3a4 a6 = 1.
.
1.2. :
11.

C
D | , , (. .
50). , ,
, 2
4
BD. 4
( ,
) D CBD,
B
, AD = BD = 2; DC = BC = 4.
2
, D 11.
1
D
| , , B D
2
A
, ,
. 50
.
1.3. : .
, | , , ,
,
, , , ,
, ,
| . , ,
| .
, - .
2.1. : 99! < 5099 .
99! = 1 2 : : : 50 : : : 98 99 = (50 49) (50 48) : : : (50 1) 50 (50+1)
(50 + 49) = 50(502 12 ) (502 22 ) : : : (502 492 ) < 50 (502 )49

2.2. :
< 5099 :
.
, , .
.
(. . 51). D,
AD > DE . BDF , DBE , DF
BE . CD, . ,
4BDE = 4DBC . ABCD |
, BAD = BED = BCD AB =
= BE = CD.
| 117 |
C
D
F
C
O1
A
C1
B
A
A1
. 51a
. 51
. 1 (. . 51). BD | .
DA DA1 ,
| 1
1 . DA = DA1 = = 1 BAD = BD
( , ),
ABCD | .
D | .
:
, ( , ).
, DA ,
D .
2.3. : 2 + 1 22 ( + 1) .

,
2 . 2
: 1, 2 .
, 22 ; |
( + 1) , ( + 1) ; ,

2 + 1 , , 2 + 1 .
3.1. : n = 1.
: n5 + n + 1 = (n5 n2 ) +
+ (n2 + n + 1) = n2 (n 1) (n2 + n + 1) + (n2 + n + 1) = (n2 + n + 1) (n3 n2 +
+ 1). ,
1, | .
n2 + n + 1 > 3 n, n3 n2 +
+ 1 = 1, , n2 (n 1) = 0.
: n = 1. n
3.
| 118 |
8 , 2002/2003 ()
3.2. :
2,5.
K | C
(. . 52).
K | A
K
M
K , K =
.
52
= 30 = K . = K =
= 0; 5AM = 2; 5.
3.3. : .
. 53a
. 53
. 53
,
(. . 53). ,
. , ,
(. . 53). 9 , 8
8 . 3 1,
, ,
. ,
, , ,
90 (. . 53). ,
, , -
, , ,
.
4.1. : 52; x = 5, y = 0; 5 z = 1.
: 20x 4y + 6z 2x2 4y 2 3z 2 2 =
= (2x2 + 20x) (4y 2 + 4y ) (3z 2 6z ) 2 = 2(x2 10x + 25 25)
(4y 2 + 4y + 1 1) (3z 2 6z + 3 3) 2 = 2(x 5)2 + 50 (2y +
+ 1)2 + 1 3(z 1)2 + 3 2 = 52 2(x 5)2 (2y + 1)2 3(z 1)2 .
2(x 5)2 > 0, (2y + 1)2 > 0 3(z 1)2 > 0,
52. x = 5, y = 0; 5
z = 1.
4.2. : , , .
| 119 |
A
D
A
D
P
M
. 54
A
D
P
E
O
M
. 54
B
O
. 54
| .
, ,
(. . 54). , .
| DOE , =
= 0; 5DE . DE CM D , , = 0; 5CM , , 4 |
. , , |
, ,
.
, . CM , (. . 54). = 90 ,
,
, ,
D . DE , DE = 90 . ,
D | .
| , , CD C
(. . 54).
4.3. : , , : 2105 3140 584 790 .

, N = p
1 p2 : : : p!k ( N
), ,
,
, , : : : , ! . , , N
, ,
, . . ,
N , ,
,
2, 3, 5 7, , N 2 3 5 7 .
| 120 |
8 , 2002/2003 ()
, .
, , 2 1,
, = 3 5 7 = 105. ,
, , 3 2, ,
= 2 5 7 2 = 140. , ,
= 2 3 7 2 = 84; = 2 3 5 3 = 90.
, . , : = 2k 1; = 3m 2;
= 5n 4; = 7p 6 :
2k 1 = 105x; 3m 2 = 70y ; 5n 4 = 42z 7p 6 = 30t.
, 2 3 5 7 = 210.
2002/2003 ()
1.1. :
0.
: a, b 0, 0 | .
, , ,
. , , a b
. , a|b| |a|b = 0, ,
: 1) a > 0, b > 0; 2) a < 0, b < 0. ,
0, ,
0.
1.2. 4BC , ABC = 30
(. . 55). K
K KD .
A
D
B
. 55
AKC AKD ,
CAK = DAK = 30 , AK | ,
BKD AKD , DBK = DAK = 30 ,
DK | . , BC
, .
| 121 |
1.3. : n = 16.
, , 17
,
0. ,
. (. . 56).
2.1. :
1
13
. x |
.
1
, ,
5
1
8
, ,
5
x .
8
,
x + x 6 1. ,
40
13
. ,
2222222222222222 17
...
17
52
51
122
119
32
17
152
136
162
153
92
85
72
68
42
34
82
68
142
136
62
51
112
102
102
102
0
,
. 56
, | ,
1
3 .
13
. , , . (5; 8) = 40,
, ( )
40 . , 40
8 5 . ,
13 , ,
40
.
2.2. : 60 .
| ; BF |
ABC ; D | (. . 57). :
BC = , ABC = 2 , = 2 .
,
:
13
| 122 |
. 57
8 , 2002/2003 ()
1) BC = BDC , 4 = 180 (2 + 2 ),
4BDC = 180 ( + ). , + = 0, ,
.
2) BC = BD , 4 = 180 2( + ) = + ,
BD | 4BDC . , = 180 2,
, = 60 .
2.3. : 11 : : : 1 .
| {z }
300
|33 {z
: : : 3} = 3 11
: : : 1} | ,
| {z
100
100
N . ,
N , ,
3, ,
N . , N
, ,
100. ,
, ,
(
k , k 6 100): 11 : : : 1 = 11
: : : 1} 11
: : : 1} : : : 11
: : : 1} =
| {z
| {z
| {z
100 100 k
: : : 1}. , k < 100, = |11 {z
: : : 1} (10100 + 10200 + : : : ) + 11
| {z
100
k
|11 {z
: : : 1} , , N
100
. ,
N , 11
: : : 1} , ,
| {z
300
.
3.1. :
2002
2003
<
20022003
20032002
. : 1) ,
, , ; 2)
, .
2002
2003
20020000
20030000
2002
2003
<
20020000 + 2002
20030000 + 2002
20022002
20032003
<
20022003
20032002
20022002
20032002
<
20022003
20032002
, , X = 2002 20032002 Y = 2003 20022003.

| 123 |
a = 2002, X = a ((a + 1) 104 + a); Y = (a + 1) (a 104 + a + 1).

, X Y = a2 (a + 1)2 < 0, X < Y , ,
2002
< 20022003
.
2003
20032002
3.2. :
, ,
, , , A1 B1 (. . 58).
, , .
a
M2
1) M3

, - B1
A1
A
B
C
,
. ,
M1
, |
. 58
.
2)
,
, . ,
,
1 , B1 | ,
.
, ,
B ,
A A1 , A1 | ,
. ,
.
3.3. : , .
2n+1 , 8n + 4 = 4(2n + 1). 8n + 4 = m2 ; 3n + 1 = k 2 ,
m k | , 5n + 3 = (8n + 4) (3n + 1) =
= m2 k 2 = (m + k ) (m k ). , m k = 1, ,
m = k + 1. , k2 + 1 > 2k, : 5n + 3 =
= 2k + 1 6 k 2 + 2 = 3n + 3,
n. , m k 6= 1, , 5n + 3 | .
| 124 |
8 , 2002/2003 ()
4.1. :
.
: 49 + 610 + 320 = (29 )2 + 2 (29 310 ) + (310 )2 = (29 + 310 )2 .
, .
4.2. : CD = 70 .
| . :
= = (180 20 ) : 2 = 80 .
, ,
: 80 20 = 60 .
. 4 (. . 59a),
4 = 4 ( III ), , =
= 10 . = 20 = D , 4DBC = 4MAB ( I ), , D = = 10 . , CD = 80
10 = 70 .
A
M
E
D
B
C
. 59a
F
. 59
, F D0 ,
= CE = EF = F D0 (. . 59).
: = 80 ; = 20 ; = 60 ; F = CF E = 60 ;
D0 EF = 40 ; ED0 F = 40 ; D0 F B = 40 20 = 20 , ,
BD0 = D0 F = AC , , D0 D.
4DF C | , DCF = 20 : 2 = 10 ,
CD = 80 10 = 70 .
. 4BC F C BMF (. . 59). , DBC ( I ), ,
DCB = MCB = MCF = 10 , , CD = 80 10 =
= 70 .
.
D
B
F
D
B
M
F
. 59
E
. 59
| 125 |
.
ABF = CB = 20 (. . 59). , EBF = 60
4ABF = 4CBE ( II ), , 4F BE | .
4BCD = 4BCE ( I ), BCD = 90 80 = 10 , , CD = 80 10 = 70 .
.
DM k AK (. . 59). ,
D = 180 80 60 = 40 ; BMD = 40 20 = 20 . , D = D = = AK , , ADMK | .
, D = 180 (40 = 140 ; = 20 = ; =
= = = DM . , DC = 20 : 2 = 10 , ,
CD = 80 10 = 70 .
A
A
D
K
B
C
. 59
D
B
K
. 59
. , D, K ,
KD = BD (. . 59). , MDK | , ,
D = B , DM = 80 60 = 20 ; , = MD.
, MD | ; D = 0; 5D = 10 ; ,
CD = 60 + 10 = 70 .
4.3. : 34 ( ,
).
. n . n- , , Sn .
. ,
n 1 n 1
Sn1 . n- (n 1)- ,
n- (n 1)- ,
(n 2)- n 2
Sn2 . , Sn = Sn1 + Sn2 . , S1 = 1, S2 = 2
( , ).
, S3 = S2 + S1 = 2 + 1 = 3; S4 = 3 + 2 = 5; S5 = 5 + 3 = 8;
S6 = 8 + 5 = 13; S7 = 13 + 8 = 21; S8 = 21 + 13 = 34.
| 126 |
8 , 2003/2004
(Sn ), , .
S1 = 1; S2 = 2 Sn = Sn1 + Sn2 n > 2, ,
, ,
.
2003/2004
1.1.
+ ::: +

1
100
>
1
10
1.2. :
1
11
>
1
100
1
100
1
12
1
100
>
1
100
+ :::
1
100
::: ,
=
, (. . 60).
1
99
1
10
>
1
100
90
100
1
10
1
11
1
12
= 1.
, , , , ,
, A
B
,
,
, D
C
| .
. 60
1.3. : , .
: 1) 48 = 3 42 ; 49 = 72 ; 50 = 2 52 ;
2) 98 = 2 72 , 99 = 11 32 , 100 = 22 52 ; 3) 124 = 31 22 , 125 = 53 ,
126 = 14 32 .
| .
2.1. : .
a + b = c + d, (a + b)2 = (c + d)2 a2 + 2ab + b2 = c2 + 2cd + d2 ,

, a2 + b2 = c2 + d2 , , ab = cd.
, :
1) a3 + b3 = (a + b) (a2 ab + b2 ) = (c + d) (c2 cd + d2 ) = c3 + d3 .
2) a + b = c + d (a + b)3 = (c + d)3 a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b) =
= c3 + d3 + 3cd(c + d), a3 + b3 = c3 + d3 .
2.2. : 3 .
. ,
, D K (. . 61).
4KD | , KD D, | KD.
| , = . ,
KD, , 3 .
| 127 |
O
P
K
. 61a
D
. 61
. | ; | (. . 61). ,
4BMD | , , MBD = MDB = .
CBD = MDB = , |
, , | , , = BC: AP M = BP O = 90 = OAD,
: = P M .
AD + BC = AM + MD + BP =
, :
2
BM + MD = 3 ().
=
2
2.3. :
, .

-, | , -. , .
, ,
, . ,
(
).
3.1. : x = 2; y = 1.
: (x2 4xy + 4y 2 ) + (x2 4x + 4) +
+ (y 2 2y + 1) = 0 (x 2y )2 + (x 2)2 + (y 1)2 = 0.

, , ,
: (y 1)2 = 0 y = 1; (x 2)2 = 0
x = 2; (x 2y )2 = 0 x = 2y . x = 2, y = 1
.
3.2. . | (. . 62).
, BK k ND BK = ND, KBND | .
, KD k BN , , = KDM .
c N K . 4KDM = 4NAM ( ),
| 128 |
8 , 2003/2004
KDM = MAN . , = MAN , .
B
M
C
N
D
. 62
. AM = MD BC k AD , MAD =
= MDA = DMC (. . 62). , N ADN , NBM = NAD.
4 : BP M = DMC NBM =
= MAD NAD = MAN , .
3.3. : 6 .
.
, , 4, |
( | , | ):
| | | | | :::
( , , | ,
). -
1
4
1
6
, |
1
5
( ,
1
4
).
1
, ,
6
, ,
.
. , 6n, n | ;
3n 2n , | , n. k |
, 6n = 4k + r, 0 6 k 6 4. ,
r 6= 0,
1
1
1
, , + + > 1.
2
, 6n | , r 6= 1 r 6= 3. , r = 2,
k+1
, 6n = 4k + 2 3n = 2k + 1 n =
. n > k ,
3
k 6 1. k = 0 n , k = 1,
n = 1, , 6n = 6.
2
| 129 |
. ,
1
1
1
, + + > 1. ,
2
( | ). ,
4k + 2, k |
(k 6= 0,
, , ).
k+2
2k + 1, |
, |
3
k. ,
4k + 2
, , 2k + 1 +
+ k 6 4k + 2
4
k+2
6 k + 1 4k + 2 6 3k + 3 k 6 1. k |
3
, k = 1, , 4 1 + 2 = 6.
4.1. : , .
4
x ab + x bc + x ca = a + b + c
a+b
b + c
c + a
x
ab
x bc a + x ca b = 0
c +
a+b
b+c
c+a
x
ab ac bc
x
bc ab ac
x
ca cb ab
+
+
=0
a+b
b+c
c+a

(x (ab + bc + ca))
1
1
1
a + b + b + c + c + a = 0:
, | ,
, x (ab + bc + ca) = 0 x = ab + bc + ca, , x |
. :
x ab + x bc + x ca = a + b + c x ab + x
a+b
b+c
c+a
a+b a+b b+c
x
ca
x + x + x =
bc
+
=a+b+c
b
+ c
c
+ a
c
+ a
a
+ b
b+c c+a

bc
ca
ab
1
1
1
= a+
+ b+
+ c+
x
+
+
b+c
c+a
a+b
a+ b b + c c + a =
= (ab + bc + ca)
1
1
1
b + c + c + a + a + b x = ab + bc + ca:
,
.
4.2. D
(. . 63) ,
| 130 |
D,
8 , 2003/2004
D (. . 63).
B 0 C 0 (B 0 = B 0 C 0 ). B 0 D0 = 0 C 0 D0 , ,
BD = CD, .
C0
C
D0 (B)
B 0 (D)
D
. 63a
. 63
, , ,
(. . 63 ).
AD = , DB = 180 .
BD = AD . , 4D: BD =
BC
4AD:
.
sin
sin
sin
sin(180
, D = sin(180 ) = sin , ,
sin A = sin C . ABD + CDB = 180 ,
| , | , | .
, | , ,
.
, ,
ABD = | , CDB | . | , , 4D , BD < BC . , |
, 4AD: > , , BD > AD. , BC > AD,
.
, | , = C ,
.
4.3. 2, 4, 6 8 .
5 (. . 64,
).
,
, ,
.
| 131 |
2
3
3
5
1
2
1
5
4
2 1
3
4 5
1
4
3
2
1
5
. 64
2004/2005
1.1. : 3.
.
(x + y )3 = x3 + 3x2 y + 3xy 2 + y 3 = (x3 + y 3 ) +

2
2
+ 3(x y + xy ) = 9 + 18 = 27, x + y = 3.
. x3 + y 3 = (x + y ) (x2 xy + y 2 ) = (x + y ) ((x +
+ y )2 3xy ) = (x + y )3 3xy (x + y ), 3xy (x + y ) = 3(x2 y + xy 2 ) = 18,
9 = (x + y )3 18, , x + y = 3.
1.2. :
6.
F | AD
B
(. . 65).
D
AF , |
F
. , =
1
A
= = = 6.
E
2
. 65
1.3. : 41312432 23421314.
2.1. : 1,9.
:
a + b + c + a + b + c + a + b + c = 4; 9 1 + c + 1 +
a+b
b+c
c+a
b = 4; 9 a + b + c = 1; 9:
+
c+a
b+c c+a a+b
2.2. :
4 .
| 132 |
a+b
a
b + c + 1+
8 , 2004/2005
MNP Q
A
B
(. . 66). ,
N
M
MN |
, MN k AB MN = 0; 5AB .
C
, P Q |
Q
Q
P
D , P Q k AB P Q =
= 0; 5AB . , MN k P Q
D
MN = P Q, , MNP Q | . , MQ | . 66
CD, MQ k
k CD. , CD, MN k AB MQ k CD, ,
MN MQ, , MNP Q | . : QN = MP = 4.
2.3. : , .

- ,
.
,
, , . , .
, .
3.1. : = 1.
x = d, d | ,
.
, = 0, d 6= 0. ,
(
(
( 2
(a 1)(b 1) = 0
a = 1 b = 1
a = 1
2
a 6= 1 b 6= 1
b 6= 1:
(a 1)(b 1) 6= 0
, a = 1 b (,
1 1), .
B E
KM C
3.2. : . . 67.
2
5
2 2
ABCD | , AD = 17,
BC = 11 (. . 67).
- BC AD K L ,
5
2
5
5
BK = AL = 7. ABKL | A
F L
N
D
, DCKL | . 67
| 133 |
4 10. EF BK AL ,
MN | DCKL, F ,
KLF E , LKMN DCMN
.
3.3. : , .

, n | , S | . S = n + (n + 1) +
+ : : : + (n + 5) = 6n + 15.
, 1 8 ,
. , S = (1+2+ : : : +8) 3 = 108. 6n +15 = 108
, |
, | .
4.1. : 9 .
. x .
, ,
12 , | 24
, | 4x .
, 4x = 12 + 24, ,
x = 9.
.
, , b c
. : , | x, | V , |
W , | . ,
:
a + M V = 1;
12
12b + V W
2)
= 2;
12
xc + W M = 4.
3)
x
1)
12
, :
M V = 12;
V W = 24;
W M = 4x:
, , 12 + 24 4x = 0,
, x = 9.
| 134 |
8 , 2004/2005
4.2. :
60 .
. AD AK ,
(. . 68). 4BAK | 60 , ,
4BAK | . , BK = BA, DK = AD
AK = AD AB = CA BKD = 180
D
BKA = 120 = BAC . 4BKD =
= 4BA ( ), BD = BC DBC = DBK +
+ CBK = CBA + CBK = 60 .
, 4BDC |
B
K
60 , , 4BDC | .
.
DE
A
C
DF ,
. 68
(. . 68), AEDF | , AD F
D
, , AEDF |
. , DAF =
= DAE = DEA = 60 , ,
B
, ,
AD = AE = ED. , C = AE
A
C E
AC = AD AC = AB . 4ABD =
. 68
= 4ED (
), , BD = CD. , BDC = BDA + ADC =
= EDC + ADC = 60 . , 4BDC |
60 , , 4BDC | .
, . , ,
. ,
: 1) 60 ; 2) D ,
( 60 ).
4.3. : 198.
, , 198 .
, , , , , . 100,
,
, ,
. , 100 , .
99, ,
| 135 |
99 2 = 198. , ,
. ,
, .
2005/2006
1.1. : 0.
, b
x = 1. , .
:
b, ,
, .
1.2. : , .
D, ||AD, |
BD, = (. . 69). ||AD,
= AD, , O =
B
C
= AOD. ,
D ,
O
= AD. ,
AD , D | A
D
.
. 69
1.3. : 9.
3,
3. , N 3, 3N
9. , 3N 9, N
9. , N > 9, 9
: 9 3 = 27 27 9.
, , 3 1 9 .
2.1. : , .
, 18. ,
( + b + c + d)2 = 36. : ( + b + c + d)2 = (( + b)+(c + d))2 =
= (a + b)2 +2(a + b)(c + d)+(c + d)2 = a2 +2ab + b2 +2ac +2ad +2bc +2bd + c2 +
+ 2cd + d2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + 2(ab + ac + ad + bc + bd + cd).
, , a2 +b2 +c2 +d2 = 0 a = b = c = d = 0,
.
2.2. : 30 .
.
: 1) ; 2) .
| 136 |
8 , 2005/2006
1)
, ,
(. . 70).
, M = B = B , BM | 2
, , BCM = 60 . , ACM
30 .
1
B
M
. 70
. 70
2) BN | (. . 70).
BN > BC , , BN = AC . N = 21 BN ,
BN BN = 30 . |
.
2.3. : , .
, n ,
2n 1. 131. , 1,
2 1, ,
1.
1, , 5.
3.1. : 99 98 .
. x y ,
| (100x + y ) .
, (50x +0; 5y ) . ,
0; 5y , | x, (50y + x) .
: 50x + 0; 5y = 50y + x. , :
98x = 99y 98(x y ) = y . x y | , y
98. , ,
y < 100, , y = 98, x = 99.
. a
b , 2a 2b
. :
(
b = 2a;
1) b < 50, 2b < 100. ,
,
a=b
= b = 0.
| 137 |
2) b > 50, 2b > 100. , (

, , b = 2a + 1;
:
. :
2a = 2b 100
(
b = 99;
. , 49 99 ,
a = 49
| 99 98 .
3.2. : 90 .
. CD E , BC = CE
(. . 71). D = AD + BC , ED = AD. MDE MDA ,
, MED = MAD = 90 . (, , M AB ,
.) MBC MC
, , BCM = CM .
360 , : C + D = 180 ,
1
1
DCM + CDM = C + D = 90 , CMD
2
2
, CMD = 90 .
,
, D .
E
M
. 71
. 71
, A + B = 180 , ABCD |
. DM BC F (. .
71). BC ||AD, BF M = ADM = CDM , ,
F CD | . CD = BC + AD =
= CF = BC + BF , BF = AD. BMF AMD , ,
MF = MD. , CM | .
| 138 |
8 , 2005/2006
CDE , , ,
CMD = 90 .
, F CD | .
, | , . MK (. . 71 ),
MK
(D +
BC )
D.
CMD
, ,
| .
. C 0 D 0 , -
(. . 71). CC 0 D0 D | , 0 + DD0 = 2BC + 2AD = 2CD = CD + C 0 D.

, CC 0 D0 D .
, . | BD, , CMD = 90 .
C0
D0
M
M
C0
. 71
. 71
D0 C 0 , (. . 71).
C 0 D0 = CD = BC + AD = CD0 = C 0 D, DC 0 D0 | .
C 0 C 0 D0 D0 , , |
. , CMD = 90 .
3.3. : 5391.
,
, 99. ,
N 99. , .
.
| 139 |
, N , -
( ).
,
N | .
, .
9 3 =
= 27. 199, 299, : : : ,
999, 19, 20, : : : , 27.
. 99, . ,
99: S = 199 + 299 + : : : + 999 = (200 + 300 + : : : + 1000) 9 = (2 + 3 +
+ : : : + 10)100 9 = 5391.
4.1. : 0.
, x = 1 . , x = 1 48,
49.
(x 1)2 .
: xn 1 = (x 1)(xn1 + xn2 + : : : + 1), n |
. (1+x+: : :+x5 )(x1) = x6 1; (1+x+: : :+x6 )(x1) = x7 1
(1+ x + : : : + x7 )(x 1) = x8 1, (x8 1)(x6 1) =
= (x7 1)2 . : x14 x8 x6 +1 = x14 2x7 +1 x8 + x6 =
= 2x7 x6 (x 1)2 = 0 x = 0 x = 1.
, x = 0 | .
, ,
.
4.2. : 60 .
E 0 (E)
0
BE C (. . 72).
ABE 0 | 150
, , BE 0 A = BAE 0 =
B
C
= 15 . E 0 AD = 90 BAE 0 = 75 . , AE 0 . ,
E 0
BC . A
D
AE 0 , ,
.
72
E 0 E , , BEC = 60 .
4.3. : 103.
,
( | ).
| 140 |
8 , 2005/2006
x .
,
y , e1
x , e1 y. x
,
, e1 m n ,
x e1 m + n .
, , , ,
(. . 73).
, , : 20 + 35 + 34 + 14 = 103.
20
5
35
15
5
1
34
20
10
4
10
6
3
1
14
14
4
4
3
2
1
1
1
e1
. 73
| 141 |
1998/1999
1.1. :
[3; 3].
(p
(x + 3)2 = 3 + x;
p
(x 3)2 = 3 x
(
|x + 3| = 3 + x;
|x 3| = 3 x
(
x + 3 > 0;
x360
3 6 x 6 3:
1.2. . CK |
ABC (. . 74). BCK = BED, CK k ED.
, BD : DK = BE : EC = 2.
, BK = 1;5BD = 0;5AB , CK |
. CK | , ABC |
, .
D
K
D
F
E
A
. 74
E
C
. 74
. EF k AC (. . 74).
, , : BF : AF = BE : EC = 2.
, BF = 2BD, D | BF . ED |
F BE , | ,
, , ABC |
, .
1.3. : .
, . ,
2R, R |
, ABC , :
BC + AC = AB , .
2.1. : | 8 .
, | . 83 =
= 4 20 + 3, 169 = 4 42 + 1, , 21
| 142 |
9 , 1998/1999
, | 43 . n |
, ,
21 5 (mod n) 43 3 (mod n). , 21 5 = 16
n 43 3 = 40 n. , n > 5, ,
n = 8.
2.2. : B
2
12, 7;5 6 .
3
C
ABCD,
O
| (. . A
75). : SAOB SCOD =
= SBOC SCOD , ,

D
. 75
.
, x
,
: 1 x = 2 3 2 x = 1 3 3 x = 1 2. :
x = 6 x = 1;5 x = 2=3. ,
.
2.3.
, a + b <
2
2

< ab 6 a +2 b . x = a + b, x < x2 ,
x > 0, , x > 4,
.
3.1. : 9 : 35.
1 x
(1 x) .
, :
x) =
. , x = , 1 x = .
44
44
3.2. : 60 .
.
C 60 .

K A ,

AK , ,
60 (. . 76).
17
x + 25 (1
35
44
| 143 |
K
P
C
M
. 76
. K M , AM AK , AKM AKP M (. . 76). BCM , KCA BKP

( 150 ),
, BM = AK = BP . MP = AK ,
BMP | , , BMP = 60 , MP k AK , ,
BM AK
60.
3.3. : a (2 11; 2 + 11).

1
a a2 + a + 1 > 0,
x
f (x) = (a2 + a + 1)x2 + (2a 3)x + a 5
. | , . 77
. , ,
1 (. . 77).
, , : f (1) < 0.
2
f (1) = a2 + 4a 7, ,
a + 4a 7 < 0,
: 2 11 < a < 2 + 11.
4.1. : 20.

( , , ). , 5. ,
, , 8. , 40
60. , 40
, 20 | .
4.2. : .
ABCD: k AD, = 4, AD = 5
AC . :
B
B
4
A
5
8
5
. 78a
5
. 78
| 144 |
8
K
9 , 1998/1999
1) AC | BAD (. . 78). ,
ABC : AB = BC = 4, AC = 8,
.
2) CA | BCD (. . 78). , AB =
= CD = AD = 5. . DK =
= 0;5(AD BC ) = 0;5; AK = 4;5. | ACK DCK , ,
: 52 0;52 = 82 4;52 , , , .
4.3. : (3; 3).
f (t) = t + 6 t. [0; +)
, ,
. ,
, x = y . ,
, x = y = 3.
5.1. x.
, n ,
12 10n < x < 13 10n . , y
k N , 12 10k < y < 13 10k . ,
144 10n+k < xy < 169 10n+k :
, xy 4, 5 6.
2,
,
.
B
5.2. : ACB = 60 .
CK (.
. 79). L = LAK (
).
L
K
, = K .
ACB = L + ,
A
ACB
, M
ABC , 60 .
C
5.3. : . . 80.
x
y
x
y
p
. 79
=p
p
.
x2 + y2
x2 + y2
x2 + y2
x
y
, p
2 + y2 = cos , px2 + y2 = sin . :
x

6 2, 2 ,
cos sin = 2 cos +
4
| 145 |

= 1, , = + 2n, n Z.
cos +
4
4
, :
x
2
y
=
x
p
=
2
x2 + y2
2
y
p
=
2
2
2
x +y
x>0
y<0
1999/2000
1.1. :
,
p
(x 1)(x 2)
f (x) =
x2
. 80
p
|x 1;5| 0;5
f (x) =
:
x2
1.2. :
.
B
AA1 CC1 = O (. . 81). , AO = OA1 CO = OC1 . AC1 A1 C | , ,
A1
AC1 k A1 C , AC1 A1 C
C1
, , ABC
O
C
. A
O
. 81
AA1 CC1 .
1.3. : m = 0; n = 0.
. :
(1 + m)(1 + m2 ) = 3n . n 3n
, (1 + m)(1 + m2 ) > 0, , ,
1 + m > 0 m > 1. m = 0, :
m = 0; n = 0. m > 0, (,
) (
), , n |
. ,
.
.
:
. 1 + m 3, m = 3k 1, k N.
, 1 + m2 = 9k 2 6k + 2 3.
. 1 + m2 = (1 + m)2 2m, 1 + m2
1+ m , 1+ m 2m. ,
| 146 |
9 , 1999/2000
1 + m m | , ,
2
1, m. ,
.
: m2 6= 3k 1 m k .
2.1. : a = 0 x = 0; a 6= 0 .
, , a p
a > 0 ( , a 6 0). a < 0

a |x|
x,
, p p
, a = 0.
a = 0 |x| + x2 = 0 |x| = |x| x = 0.
2.2. : A.
A
. O |
,
ABC , , O (.
O
. 82). 1)
B
1
1
AOB . 2 A > 2 B , OAB >
C
> OBA. . 82
, OB > OA. 2) , AOC ,
OC > OA. 3) OB > OA OC > OA, OA |
.
. BAC = 2, ABC = 2 , BCA = 2 .
r ,
, 90 > > > . OA =
OB = sinr , OC = sinr . sin x 0 90 ,

OA < OB < OC .
sin
2.3. :
, , .
, , , . , n, 3 < n 6 2000
(n 1)-, | , n- . , ,
, .
, , .
| 147 |
, : , ,
3.1. .
1998
1999
xyz = 1, x, y z 0.
1
1
1
+
+
=
1 + x + xy 1 + y + yz
1 + z + zx
1
x
xy
=
+
+
=
1 + x + xy x + xy + xyz
xy + xyz + xyzx
1
x
xy
1 + x + xy
=
+
+
=
= 1:
1 + x + xy x + xy + 1 xy + 1 + x
1 + x + xy
.
1
1
1
+
+
=
1 + x + xy 1 + y + yz
1 + z + zx
1
1
1
=
+
+
=
xyz + x + xy 1 + y + yz 1 + z + zx
1
1
1
+
+
=
=
x(yz + 1 + y) 1 + y + yz 1 + z + zx
1
1+x
+
=
=
x(yz + 1 + y) xyz + z + zx
1+x
1
z + xz + 1
=
+
=
= 1:
xyz + x + xy z (1 + x + xy) z + xz + xyz
3.2. : c. . 83 (
,
b
).
b
a
3.3. : 15; 30; 60.
a
b
:
. 83
1) x 45. x 15, 9,
5 3. , ,
. , x 45.
2) x 25, x 5. x
3, 15, ,
; x
3, ,
. , x 25.
3) x 15, 3 5, ,
. , ,
15, 9 25.
| 148 |
9 , 1999/2000
4.1. :
a=
1
4
, 1 4a > 0, ,
a6
1
4
a6
1
4
x1 + x2 = 1 x1 x2 = a.
x41 + x42 = (x21 + x22 )2 2x21 x22 =

2
= (x1 + x2 )2 2x1 x2 2(x1 x2 )2 = (12 2a)2 2a2 =
= 1 4a + 4a2 2a2 = 2a2 4a + 1 = 2(a 1)2 1:
f (a) = 2(a 1)2 1 (; 1]
1
[1; +). a 6 ,
4

i
1
;
f (a)
4.2. :
1
4
c.
a=
1
4
. CHB | , KC = KB = KH (. . 84). M |
AC . MCK | , , MK |
, KC KH , MK CH ,
, MK k AB . , MK | -
ABC ; MK = 21 AB = 2c . : R = 12 MK = 4c .
B
C
M
O
H
. 84
H
F
M
. 84
. 1) O | ,
CKH , (. . 84). |
A
. | 90 , , |
, O KM .
2) BCH | ; | , -
, , HK =
| 149 |
BC = CK . , -
CKH | (KO) (CH ). F = (KO) (CH )

F | CH , , F |
BCH , (F ) k (AB ), , |
CAB . , KM
4.3. :
c, , R = 14 c.
101.
x , y 64 . ,
4x 6y . , ,
, : x+y +64 = 4x+6y ,
3x + 5y = 64. ,
3, |
2. , 5x , 7y . ,
5 3, 7 2
, , x = 3k , y = 2n, k N n N.
, : 9k + 10n = 64. ,
n = 1; k =
= 6. , x = 18; y = 2. ,
5x = 90 (), 7y = 14 () 64 . ,
, , : 90 : 3 + 14 : 2 + 64 = 101.
5.1. : a1 > a2 ; b1 < b2 ; c1 > c2 .
f (0) = c1 g (0) = c2 , c1 > c2 > 0.
g (x) , a1 > a2 > 0.
h(x) = f (x) g (x). x1 x2 |
, x1 x2 |
h(x). h(x) = (a1 a2 )x2 + (b1 b2 )x + (c1 c2 ),
b1 b2
a1 a2 . , a1 a2 > 0, x1 > 0
x2 > 0, : b1 b2 = (x1 + x2 )(a1 a2 ) < 0. ,
b1 < b2 .
, x1 + x2 =
5.2. :
.
:
MK k AC , MF k AB , MN k BC (. . 85).
:
1) AKMN | , , AM = KN .
2) BF MK | , , BM = KF .
3) MF CN | , , MC = F N .
KF N | .
| 150 |
B
F
K
A
M
N
. 85
9 , 2000/2001
:
2 2 !
2 2 2
4
3
3
4
3
+
=
+
+
1=
5
5
5
5
5
2
2 2 ! 2 2 2 2
4
12
9
12
4
48
5
+
+
=
+
+
+
=
5
13
13
25
25
13
65
2 2 2
2 2 ! 2
9
12
4
3
4
48
=
+
+
+
+
=
25
25
13
5
5
65
2 2 2 2 2
12
12
16
48
9
+
+
+
+
:
=
25
25
65
65
65
5.3.
: 1 =
2 2
4
12
+
+
5
25
36
125
2
+
81
625
2
2
108
+
.
625
:
.
2000/2001
1.1. : , .
x2 + x +1 . ,
.
1.2. : , ,
.
a b | , x |
a + 2x = b + 2x .
. ,
a
b
, , ax = bx. x > 0,
, a = b.
1.3. , 2000 , : 2000
9 1 90 2 = 1811. 1811 : 3 = 603 ( 2),
2000- 604-
y
. | 703, | 0.
2.1. , ,
x. y (1) =
= + b + c > 0,
x
O
(. . 86), ,
. 86
y(0) = > 0.
| 151 |
2.2. :
16 , 40 .
BD | , AD = 3 ; CD =
= 5 (. . 87). A
, AB = 3x , BC = 5x , x |
D
. : P = 8+8x = 8(x +1) .
C
, : 5x 3x < 8 < B
< 5x + 3x 1 < x < 4. , 16 < P < 40.
. 87
2.3. :
.
, 19 27 (
). , | .
3.1. : . . 88.
y2 |y| = x2 |x| y2 x2 = |y| |x| (|y| |x|) (|y| + |x|) =
= |y | |x| (|y | |x|) (|y | + |x| 1) = 0 |y | + |x| = 1 |y | = |x|.
y
1
B
1
x
E
A
. 88
. 89
3.2. :
90 .
GE GF
AGB BGC
(. . 89), DG = AG = BG = CG. , G |
, . ACD =
= 90 , , .
3.3. : 26 .
, . | ,
, 1+2+3+4+5 = 15 . , 25
, 40 15 = 25 . ,
, ,
26 .
| 152 |
9 , 2000/2001
x = a2 + b2 ; y = c2 + d2 , , b, c d | .
xy = (a2 + b2 ) (c2 + d2 ) = a2 c2 + b2 c2 + a2 d2 + b2 d2 = (a2 c2 + 2abcd +
+ b2 d2 ) + (b2 c2 2abcd + a2 d2 ) = (ac + bd)2 + (bc ad)2 ,
( ac + bd bc ad ).
4.2. : , .
| ,
B
C
(. . 90). , P
, , AOB =
= 2ADB = P AD + P DA = AP B (
O
| ).
A
AOB AP B , A, B ,
D
P , , O , . 90
ABP .
4.3. :
x2 + ax +(1 b) = 0. : x1 + x2 = a, x1 x2 = 1 b, x1
x2 | . , a = (x1 + x2 ), b = 1 x1 x2 .
, a2 + b2 = (x1 + x2 )2 + (1 x1 x2 )2 = x21 + x22 + 1 + x21 x22 =
= (x21 + 1) (x22 + 1).
, , x1 x2 |
,
, .
y
5.1. f (0) = f (1) = 1,
, x = 0; 5 (. . 91).
|f (x)| 6 1 0 6 x 6 1 , ,
, 1
1/2
1. ,
1 x
O
f (0; 5) = 1, , = 8.
5.2. ,
1
(. . 92). . 91
.
BM MK , BM . K
, ,
, P1 P2 ( B | ). D1 D2 |
BP1 BP2 ,
( ). ,
DA DC = DB DP , ,
, DB = DP , , BD2 = AD CD.
4.1.
| 153 |
AC . , - X AC
BX 2 = AX CX (. . 92). BX XY = AX CX ,
BX = XY , .
B
D1
D2
X M
P1
P2
Y
. 92
5.3. 2002 : 1999; 19991999; 199919991999 : : : .
,
2001 ( 2001
2001). , 2001
19991999 : : : 199900 : : : 0. 10 2001
, 19991999 : : : 1999 2001.
2001/2002
1.1. :
1.
a | x3 + 7x 9 = 0, a3 = 9 7a, 2a3 + 3a
2(9 7a) + 3a
18 11a
=
=
= 1:
11a 18
11a 18
11a 18
, , a 6= .
11
3
18
18
, 9 7 < 0,
> 0.
11
11
1.2. : .
b = 2, c = 1.
, a = 3,
c = 1 b = 2 a = 3.
1.3. : 64 .
1, 3
2,
| .
, .
18
| 154 |
9 , 2001/2002
25 = 32. , ,
.
.
2.1. : .
n2 + (n 1)2 + n2 (n 1)2 = n2 + n2 2n + 1 + n4 2n3 + n2 =
= n4 + n2 + 1 2n3 + 2n2 2n = (n2 n + 1)2 .
2.2. : 1 : 3.
B b C
1) ABCD | ,
, AB = CD.
2) ABCD | ,
AB + CD = BC + AD. , AB =
60
AD
+ BC
A H a M D
=
. AD = a, BC = b.
2
BH
CM
(. . 93).
AH
DM
. 93
a b . BAH = 60 , ABH = 30 , , AB =
=
2
a + b = a b, , a = 3b.
= 2AH . ,
2.3. :
A > B.
B < 1 000 000 1 000 000

< 1 2 3 : : : 19 20 = A:
3.1. : x = 0.
= 1012
<
2 5 10 11 12 : : : 19 20
<
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 .
.
x [5; +), 15x + 15 = 5x 15; x = 3 6 [5; +);

x [4; 5), 15x + 15 = 3x 5; x = 20=3 6 [4; 5];
x [3; 4), 15x + 15 = x + 3; x = 12=14 6 [3; 4];
x [2; 3), 15x + 15 = x + 9; x = 3=8 6 [2; 3];
x [1; 2), 15x + 15 = 3x + 13; x = 1=9 6 [1; 2];
x (; 1], 15x + 15 = 5x + 15; x = 0 (; 1]:
. , x = 0 | . ,
.
y = |x 1| + |x 2| + |x 3| + |x 4| + |x 5| 15x 15:

y = ki x + bi , ki < 0,
.
. , x ,
,
( ). .
3.2. : BC .
| 155 |
1) O | (. . 94). O
: OH1 CB , OH2 AB , OH3 AC .
A
H1 , H2 H3 | .
H2
H3
2) A > B > C , CB > AC >
O
O
> AB ; CH1 > AH3 > BH2 .
OCH1 ,
C
H1
B
OBH2 OAH3 , OH1 <
. 94
< OH3 < OH2 .
,
,
.
3.3. : , .
. 95
95 5.
, , |
.
4.1. : (1; 1; 1).
. : z = 3 x y .
, x2 + y 2 + 9 + x2 + y 2
6x 6y + 2xy = 3.
x: x2 + (y 3)x + (y 2 3y + 3) = 0.
D = (y 3)2 4(y 2 3y +3) = 3y 2 +6y 3 = 3(y 1)2 6 0.
, D = 0,
y = 1. x2 2x + 1 = 0,
x = 1. , z = 1.
. :
(
(x + y + z )2 = 9;
:
( 2
x2 + y2 + z 2 = 3:
x + y2 + z 2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2xz = 9;

x2 + y2 + z 2 = 3:
| 156 |
9 , 2001/2002
, 2:
(
2xy + 2yz + 2xz = 6;
2x2 + 2y 2 + 2z 2 = 6:
: 2x2 +2y 2 +2z 2 = 2xy +2yz +2xz .

, : (x y )2 +
+ (y z )2 + (z x)2 = 0. : x = y = z .
, x = y = z = 1. .
4.2. : . . 96.
I. M | , .
1) ABM | 4ABM ,
M
AM | , AM >
> AB AM > BM .
A B
2) AM > AB , M
A AB .
3) AM > BM , M B
. 96
AB .
4) AMB | , M
AB .
II. M .
1) M AB , AMB | .
2) M A AB , AM > AB .
3) M B
AB , AM > BM . ,
4AMB AM | , , ABM | .
4.3. : N , 4.
, , ,
| .
.
, , .
, , , ,
, N 4. N 4,
:
| 157 |
4, ,
.
5.1. : a = 2.
. (x
3)2 + (a 2)2 = 1. (x; a) (3; 2) 1
(. . 97). , x
. x1 x2
, x2
a
x1 . , ,
, , a = 2.
2
.
, D=4 = 9 12 a2 +
+ 4a =pa2 + 4a 3p
> 0.
x2 x1 =
x2 3 x1 x
O
= 3 + D=4 (3 D=4) = D
. 97
. D=4 = a2 +
+ 4a 3 = (a 2)2 + 1. a = 2,
.
5.2. : r = 6; 5.
1) O
ABCD. B1 D1 | (. . 98). BB1 D1 D |
. ON B1 D1
BB1 + DD1 = 6 + 7 = 6; 5.
. , ON =
2
2
OP ,
, ON .
r=5
B1
r=7
r=6
D1
. 98
| 158 |
r=8
9 , 2002/2003
2) ,
OK
OM , -
,
= 6; 5.
2
, O , , , 6; 5.
5.3. : 55000.
, , . .,
.
abcba. 90 = 9 10 a b (a 6= 0).
9 10 10 = 900.

5+ 8
(0 + 100 + 200 + : : : + 800 + 900) 90 =
= (1 + 2 + : : : + 8 + 9) 100 90 = 45 90 100:
,
(0 + 1010 + 2020 + : : : + 8080 + 9090) 90 =
= (1 + 2 + : : : + 8 + 9) 1010 90 = 45 90 1010;

(10001 + 20002 + 30003 + : : : + 80008 + 90009) 100 =
= (1 + 2 + 3 + : : : + 8 + 9) 10001 100 = 45 100 10001:
45 90 100 + 45 90 1010 + 45 100 10001

=
900
45 (9000 + 90 900 + 1 000 100)
1 100 000
=
=
= 55 000:
900
20
2002/2003
1.1. : 41.
| , + 400 = n2 , n |
. , = n2 400 = (n 20) (n + 20).
n + 20 | , 1, | ,
n 20 = 1. , n = 21, = 41.
| 159 |
1.2. . (. . 99).
, |
D. 4D | (B = OD),
k BD, , , | ,
.
B
D
. 99a
. 99
, D = 90 ,
|
(. . 99). A = B ,
, ,
. , , , ,
.
1.3. : , .
2002 = m + n, m n | , mn
2002. 2002 : 2002 = 2 7
11 13. mn 2002 2 | ,
m n 2, 2,
2.
, m n
7, 11 13. ,
2002, 2002. , .
.
2
x + y
1
2x y
4
6
+
4
2
4
2
xy
x +y
y +x
x + y2
2
2
2
2
2
(x y )
2y x
2x y
2y x
6 2 1 4
+
+ 1 4
> 0
+ 4
2
2
2
4
2
y +x
x +y
y +x
x +y
2
2
(y x)
+ 4
> 0. 2
y +x
x y , , .
2.1.
x >
0,

y >
0,
| 160 |
9 , 2002/2003
,
1. ,
.
, ,

x2 y 6 1
x4 + y2
2
xy2 6 1,
y4 + x2
2
, ,
a2 + b2 > 2ab.
, ,
, .
2.2. : .
. DC
(. . 100). AMDK | ,
| . , | D.
, | BE CF .
: 4AOB =
4DOE ; 4BOC = 4EOF ; 4COD = 4F OA (. . 100).
B
A
. 100a
. 100
. O, , (. . 100). , AB ED, BC EF , D F A , , AB = ED, BC = EF , D = F A, .

2.3. : , 5.
,
(n 1)! n.
n | , , n = ab, a b |
, 1, n = p2 , |
| 161 |
. (n 1)! = 1 2 : : : (n 2) (n 1)
a b, , n. , n > 5,
(n 1)! p 2p ( 2p < p2 = n), ,
n. 4 | ,
5. ,
4.
3! = 6
3.1. : , , x = 2 2; y = 1 2.
x + y 2 = p, x + 2y = q , p q | .
, , y 2 2y + r = 0, r = q
Q. r ,
, , r = 1. , :
y = 1 2. , x + 2y -
, , q = 2, x = 2 2.
, p =
= q r = 3.
, (x; y ), , | , ,
x .
3.2. D
, CD
B
C
(. . 101),
DE .

A M
E
D ME , .
BE = ME = DE , MBD = 90 .
. 101
, AD > 2BC , , M
. , ABD > MBD = 90 , ,
ABD | , .
C
3.3. : .

. 102.

D
, B
, , , D E ,
, , ABC ,
ACD ADE . A
E

. 102
.
7
5
2
5
4
3
4.1. : x + x + 1 = (x + x + 1) (x x + x x + 1).
. x7 + x5 + 1 = (x7 + x5 + x3 ) (x3 1) = x3 (x4 +
+ x2 + 1) (x 1) (x2 + x + 1) = (x2 + x + 1) (x3 (x2 x + 1) x + 1) =
| 162 |
9 , 2002/2003
= (x2 + x +1) (x5 x4 + x3 x +1), x4 + x2 +1 = (x4 +2x2 +1) x2 =
= (x2 + 1)2 x2 = (x2 + x + 1) (x2 x + 1).
. x7 + x5 + 1 = (x7 + x6 + x5 ) (x6 1) = x5 (x2 + x +
+ 1) (x3 + 1) (x3 1) = x5 (x2 + x + 1) (x3 + 1) (x 1) (x2 + x + 1) =
= (x2 + x + 1) (x5 x4 + x3 x + 1).
,
| , , .
4.2. : .
, , D
B P
C
O
,
(. . 103). - K
90
A
M D
D ,
. 103
| .
, , , D , .
K , K | .
, K KBP , , . , ABP M | .
, ,
.
.
4.3. : .
.
. , , | , |
, | . ,
(n 1).
,
. , ,
(n 1) , ,
.
, , .
.

, 1 n. n = 2
| 163 |
. , (n 1) . ,
n. , n | . ,
,
1 n 1, (n 2) .
n-, | , , (n 2) ,
2 n.
, (n 1) , .
,
. , , .
: , ,
, , , 1.
: 1) , , - , (n 1); 2)
, (n 1) .
, 1,
, , (n 1).
5.1. : (0; 0; : : : ; 0); (0; 01; 0; 01; : : : ; 0; 01).
x0 , x1 , : : : , x10 ,
. .
. x | , s |
. , , x | x = (s x)2 , ,
( x > 0 s > x),
x = s x. x > 0
, | , ,
. ,
. x = (10x)2 , , x = 0
x = 0; 01. , x = (s x)2 x > 0 s > x
-: x = (s x)2

x2 (2s + 1) x + s2 = 0,
x1 = 2s + 1 +2 4s + 1
x1 > s.
2
, x = (sx)

| ,
. , x0 = x1 + x2 + : : : + x9 + x10
x1 = x0 + x2 + : : : + x9 + x10 .
: x0 x1 = x1 x0 x0 + x0 = x1 + x1 .
y = x y = x | ,
| 164 |
9 , 2002/2003
y = x + x, , . , x0 + x0 = x1 + x1
, x0 = x1 . , x1 = x2 , , ,
. ,
x = (10x)2 .
. : , x10 > x9 >
> : : : > x1 > x0 . , x0 = (x1 + x2 + : : : + x9 + x10 )2 x1 = (x0 +
+x2 +: : :+x9 +x10 )2 , , (x0 +x2 +: : :+x9 +x10 )2 > (x1 +x2 +: : :+x9 +
+ x10 )2 x0 + x2 + : : : + x9 + x10 > x1 + x2 + : : : + x9 + x10 x0 > x1 .
, x0 = x1 . , ,
, ,
x = (10x)2 .
5.2. | , ,
CD, , = BD. (,
D ). P ,
. P A, , , D (. . 104),
|
ODP . : + = + ; +
+ OD = + .
O
A
M
C
D
B
K
B
. 104
C
. 104
,
:
,
, . . ,
K , , :
+ AC > KB + KC . N | BK
(. . 104). , 4ABN : + AN > BN = KB +
+ KN ; 4KNC : KN + NC > KC .
| 165 |
: + AN + KN + NC > BK + KN + KC + AC + KN >
> KB + KN + KC + AC > KB + KC ,
.
, , ,
. , < AK + BK + CK < 2p,
K | 4ABC , p | . , K + BK > AB , BK + CK > BC ,
CK + AK > CA, , , , 2(K +
+ BK + K ) > 2p K + BK + K > p. ,
, : + AC > KB + KC ,
+ BC > KA + KC , CA + CB > KA + KB . ,
, 4 > 2(KA + KB + KC ) AK + BK + CK < 2p,
.
5.3. : 256.
. , | , ,
: . ,
, 2 , 3 | .
, , ,
2 : (3 : 5) : : : 5 ,
(2 : 3) : 5 : : : | .
, ,
5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29 ,
, .
, , , 3,
: , ,
( , ) , ,
.
. , ,
,
, .
, , ,
28 = 256.
| 166 |
9 , 2003/2004
,
. a1 : a2 : ::: : an ,
, 2n2 .
2003/2004
1.1. : 1.
, S (x) S (1). , S (x) = P (x) Q(x),
S (x) P (1) Q(1) = 1.
1.2. : 90 .
a b | , ha hb |
. , ha > a hb > b.
hb
a
, a > hb b > ha (. . 105).
ha
, ha > a > hb > b > ha , ,
ha = a = hb = b. ,
b
, ,
. 105
| .
1.3. : 128.
, ,
. ,
, .
, , | ,

, .

, |

(. . 106). , 32
32

,
. 106
128.
2.1. + b > 0, (
a < 1;
1 + ab < a + b (1 a) (b ab) < 0 (1 a) (1 b) < 0
b>1
(
a > 1;
, .
b<1
2.2. : , .
| 167 |
| , BAC = 30 . CM , K |
(. . 107). , MKC , BKM CKB | 120
, .
B
K
A
. 107
2.3. :
8.
, b | (a > b > c). ,
6 < a < 10. , a 6 6, b 6 6 6 6, ,
= a + b + c < 20 | . , a > 10,
b + c > a > 10, , > 20 | .
, 9, 8 7,
(. ).
a
b
c
9
9
2
9
8
3
9
7
4
9
6
5
8
8
4
8
7
5
8
6
6
7
7
6
3.1. : 0.
bx2 + ax + c , a2 4bc = 0
a2 = 4bc. , ax2 + x + b
, c2 4ab = 0 c2 = 4ab.
, , = 16b2 .
: D = b2 4ac = b2 64b2 = 63b2 < 0 b 6= 0.
, .
, ,
, : 4kx2 + kx + 4k , k 6= 0.
3.2. D | , = 4. , ,
( , , ,
). BD
(O | ) (. . 108).
| 168 |
9 , 2003/2004
, M K , = 2.
, , K , ,
BF = F M = 1 (. . 108).
P
B
P
M
B F
O
A
O
K
. 108
. 108
3.3. :
73.
ab = 10a + b. ab ba = (10a + b)
(10b + a) = 9(a b) .
a b , , a b = 1
a b = 4. ab ba | , a b |
, , a b = 4. ,
51, 73 95, 73, 37 |
.
y
4.1. : 13,
169.
13
|x| + |y | = 13, 13
, x
O
,
(. . 109). y x2 = t, , . 109
t,
2
y = x +t
. y = x2 y , : 1)
t , y = x2 + t
(0; 13), , t = 13; 2) t ,
y = x2 + t (13; 0) (13; 0), ,
t = 169.
4.2. K | (. . 110). DM | D , ,
| 169 |
, DM = 0; 5AB . ,
EK |
, EK = 0; 5BC . MK | , ,
MK = 0; 5AC .
,
, DE 6 DM + MK + KE =
= 0; 5(AB + AC + BC ) = 0; 5PABC ,
.
D
B
M
E
C
. 110a
-.
R r | ,
, , d |
MK (. . 110).
:
+ CA
p = AB + BC
2
= R + r + d.
. 110
MK , . ,
D E K , , DE ,
. ,
DE | , , DE = R + r + d.
4.3. : , .
n- , , n > 2 :
an an1 : : : a2 a1 > an 0 : : : 00 = an 10n1 > an (a1 a2 : : : an1 ),
,
10.
| 170 |
9 , 2003/2004
5.1. :
1
2.
2
+
=
xy + 1 x2 + 1 xy + 1 = xy + 1 y2 + 1
x2 + 1 y2 + 1
y2 xy
xy x2
= 2
. x 6= y ,
2
(x + 1) (xy + 1)
(y + 1) (xy + 1)
x
y xy 2 + x = x2 y + y (x
, 2
= 2
x +1
y +1
y ) (1 xy ) = 0. x 6= y , , xy = 1.
2
1
1
2
=2
+
+
xy + 1 = 2.
x2 + 1 y2 + 1 xy + 1
5.2. :
2 4 .
B
C
, D | . BD,
0 . 0 = BA;
D
D0 = DA; 0 BD = ABD = 60 ; B0 A = A
= BAA0 = 30 . ABD | ,
. 111a
A0 BD.
:
1) 0 (. . 111). , ABCD |
60 , , D = AB = 2 ().
2) 0
A0
(. . 111). , . 0
B
C
, 0 = ,
D | D 0 C | . ,
A
D
BDA = = 30 , , D |
. D, BDA = 30 ,
. 111
, BD = 2AB = 4 ().
9 , , ,
.
| D
ADB = (. . 111). AOB = 30 + ; BAC = 90 .
4AOD:
AO = DO ; 4AOB : AO =
sin 30
sin 60
sin
, ,
| 171 |
BO
sin(90
= DO sin(90 ) =
= cos . ,
sin 60
sin
cos
, ,
sin 30
sin 2 =
. , 2 = 60 2 =
2
= 120 = 30 = 60 . , ,
.
C
O
D
. 111
,
AOD AOB ,

S = 21 ab sin .
5.3. , . a1 , a2 , : : : , a70 |
70 . : a1 , a2 , : : : , a70 , a1 + 4, a2 + 4,
: : : , a70 + 4, a1 + 9, a2 + 9, : : : , a70 + 9.
210 , (
) 200 + 9 = 209.
( !),
4, 5 9, .
1.1. :
2004/2005
a + a 1
.
2
:
2
a a>0
a(a 1) > 0
2
a 1 > 0 (a 1) (a + 1) > 0
a<1
2 2a > 0
p
p
xy = |x| |y |, :
a2 a + a2 1 =
2 2a
a(a 1) +
a 1) (a + 1)
=
2(1 a)
a 1 a + 1 a a 1
p
=
=
2(1 a)
p
a 6 1:
a + a 1
:
2
1.2. : K : KD = 1 : 1.
| AD (. . 112).
| ,
AD + BC = AB = AE = AD + DE , , = DE . ,
EKD
, , CK = KD.
| 172 |
9 , 2004/2005
. 112
. 113
1.3. : .
2 2
(. . 113).
.
, .
2.1. : b = c = 1.
, D=4 =
= b2 c > 0 b2 > c c2 b > 0 c2 > b. ,
, ,
b. , bc = 1.
1
b = . ,
c
b > 0 > 0, , c 6 1 > 1 , , c = 1,
, b = 1.
, b c
x2 + 2x + 1 = 0, ,
( | ).
2.2. : , .
b(d)

,
d(b)
c(a)
c(a)
, a > b c > d. ,
(. . 114). a(c) a b (c d)
,
. 114
,
c, d a b.
, d + (a b) > c a b > c d.
| 173 |
, , , ,
b +(c d) > a c d > a b. ,
, , .
2.3. : , .
: n2004 1 = (n2002 )2 1 = (n2002 1) (n2002 +1). , ,
,
2. ,
n2004 1 = 2, n2004 +1 = 4, n .
3.1. :
4.
1
xyz = x + yz . , b = y + zx
, a = x + = x +
c = z + xy. a2 = x2 + 2xyz + y2 z 2 = x2 + y2 z 2 + 2; b2 = y2 + z 2 x2 + 2;
c2 = z 2 + x2 y2 + 2; abc = (x + yz ) (y + zx) (z + xy) = xyz + x2 y2 z 2 + x2 y2 +
+ y 2 z 2 + x2 z 2 + xy 3 z + xyz 3 + x3 yz = 2 + x2 y 2 + y 2 z 2 + x2 z 2 + x2 + y 2 + z 2 .
, a2 + b2 + c2 abc = 4.
B
3.2. : 0; 5d.
AMB CMB (. . 115) ,
AM
CE
CM
AD
BD = BM BE = BM . ,
AD = CE , ,
= , , BD
BE
DE
A
M
C
k ( ,
.
115
,
DE ). F | DE .
D | , DME |
. F ,
, DE .
3.3. :
199.
, , 99 .
, , 99 . , 199 . 100
, 1, 2, 3, : : : , 99, 100.
x + xB ,
A
2

, x , 1 6 x 6 100.
x 199.
| 174 |
9 , 2004/2005
=
, n 6= 1, 2
=
(n 1) (n + 1)
n 1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
. + + + : : : +
=
2 1 = 2 1 3 + 2 2
2
n
1
n
+1
3
8
15
2004

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
+
+ ::: +
=
1+
<
4.1.
<
2003
2005
2004
2005
= , .
2
2
4
4.2. : , .
, , (. . 116).
, .
R
A
B M
. 116
.
, R = CO, CO . Q ,
,
.
, CQ k AB . QM
Q r
.
A
. , b |
(. . 116), c
b
1
R =
c.
2
a A1 B
C
C1
Q r,
r
. B1 1 | Q
, - B1
,
, , AB1 = AC +
+ CA1 = A1 = AB + BA1 , AB1 =
. 116
| 175 |
a + b + c . , B B =
1
2
= 90 , QA1 CB1 | , CB1 = r. , r =

a + b + c b = 1 c, ,
= pb =
= AC1 = p =
= b.
,
, , .
4.3. : , .
, ,
0, 1, 2, : : : , 9, .
45, , 9.
, , , ,
3. ,
3, 9. ,
.
5.1. : , .
. | ,
. x0 ,
x40 + bx0 + c = 0 x40 + ax0 + d = 0 |
y
.
, (b a) x0 +(c d) = 0 |
. dc
, x0 =
b a > 0.
, .
x
.
.
x4 = bx c x4 = ax d.
. 117
,
y = bx c y = ax d
y = x4 .
, ,
, , II (. . 117). ,
d c > 0.
bx c = ax d, x =
ba
.
5.2. : 30 .
| 176 |
9 , 2004/2005
(. . 118). , EKC = AKB = 60 , EC = 45 =
1
= BC . ,
2
E
R = = ,
.
, = , , B
C
| 30
K
.
, , ,
,
, | .
5.3. : 1430 .
D
. 118
, 2n : A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 , : : : , A2n1 , A2n . xn |
n . , , , ,
. ,
- ,
,
. n 1
.
A1 A2 , A1 A4 , A1 A6 , : : : ,
A1 A2n . xn
n , xn =
= xn1 + x1 xn2 + x2 xn3 + x3 xn4 + : : : + xn2 x1 + xn1 . ,
,
1 .
, x1 = 1, x2 = 2 ( ),
x3 = 5, x4 = 14, x5 = 42, x6 = 132, x7 = 429, x8 = 1430.
, , 1
. : xn =
C2nn+1 , C2nn+1 |
2n + 1
2n + 1 n, ,
n 2n + 1. | ., , . , . , .
.. , ..
.
| 177 |
2005/2006
1.1. : 68.
x + y + x2 y + xy 2 = x + y + xy (x + y ) = (x + y )(xy + 1) = 24,
, x + y = 5, , xy = 3; 8.
:
. x3 + y 3 = (x + y )3 3xy (x + y ) = 125 3 3; 8 5 = 68.
. x3 +y 3 = (x+y )(x2 xy +y 2 ) = (x+y )((x+y )2 3xy ) =
= 5(25 3 3; 8) = 68.
1.2. : 90 .
A
1 , BB1 1 | , G, 1 =
= 1; 5 (. . 119).
,
B1
1
1
C1
GA1 =
AA
=
. ,
1
3
2
G
BGC GA1
, . , |
B
A1
C
G, BB1 1
. 119
.
1.3. : , .
a, b c , c = ab. a b ,
c. :
7 7; 7 3; 7 2; 3 3; 3 2 2 2.
7, 3 2.
2.1. :
1
p
p 2.
, :
D = b2 200, , b,
, .
.
. , : 5p2 + bp + 10 = 0, p 6= 0. p2 ,
2
b 10
1
1
1
: 5 + + 2 = 0 10
+ b + 5 = 0, ,
.
1
1
p
2
p
: = 1 : = .
2
, , , .
| 178 |
9 , 2005/2006
:
.
1)
; 2)
. ,
10
20
p, p
. .
2

,
1 , B1
1 (. . 120).
a
: BA1 = CA1 = ; CB1 =
2.2.
AB1 = 2b ; AC1 = BC1 = 2c ; P A1 = x;

P B1 = y; P C1 = z .
C1
B1
P
P B1 AC1 P C1 BA1
,
B
A1
C

,
c
.
120
+ y = b + z;
2
2
:
, c + x = a + z:
2
b a y + a = x + b .
: y x =
2
2
2
2
, A1 CB1 P
.
2.3. : .
,
(20 ) (30 ).
,
. , 20 + 30 = 50.
(40 ) ,
. , ,
, 50 40 = 10.
3.1. . .
: a2 + b2 = 2ab (a
b)2 = 0 = b. , ,
, = c.
. . : a2 + b2 + 2 ab bc ac = 0
2a2 + 2b2 + 22 2ab 2bc 2ac = 0 (a b)2 + (b c)2 + (c a)2 = 0
= b = c.
| 179 |
3.2. :
.
, , ,
,
- (. . 121). , ,
.
. 121
,
. ,
, , , (. . 121). ,
. , , (. . 121).
. 121
. 121
82; 5 97; 5 .
180 , .
1

, 360 : 24 = 15 .
24

(OM OC | , OM 0 OC 0 |
). : (. . 122)
(. . 122).
3.3. :
| 180 |
9 , 2005/2006
M
C0
0
0
C M
M0
. 122
. 122
| .
: ) 2 + 15 = 180 = 82; 5 ; ) 2 15 =
= 180 = 97; 5 .
4.1. : , (3; 2); B (1; 1)
p(. . 123).
(
x
;
y
),
3;
2),
B
(1;
1).
=
(x + 3)2 + (y + 2)2 ;
p
p
= (x 1)2 + (y 1)2 . = (1 + 3)2 + (1 + 2)2 = 5,
, + = .
, ,
.
y
1
O
O
1 x
3
M
2
. 123
. 124
= 2b cos .
D = CD , BD =
= CD (. . 124). AD , ADB = CBD = . , = D,
D = MC . , ABD MBC
BM = BC BM = b BC . ,
( ).
4.2. :
BM
AB
BD
BC
BDC , : 2
BD = cos , ,
BM
BD
= 2b cos .
| 181 |
. D (. .
124). D + AM = D + CD = 180 ,
| . ,
R, D, ,
D D. , BDC
, BDM = 180 2.
AB =
BM
b sin 2 = 2b cos .
, , BM =
sin
sin(180
2)
sin
4.3. :
3.
Sn . , S7 = 5913
33 = 27. n n = 8 Sn
27: S1 = 1; S2 = 3; S3 = 9; S4 = 33; S5 = 153; S6 = 873;
S8 = 46233. k > 9, k! 3 6 9,
27. , n > 9 : Sn = S7 +
+ 8! + 9! + 10! + : : : 27,
| , 27.
5.1. : , .
, , 1, . , : f (x) = x2 +
+ x 1; g (x) = x2 + 2x 1; h(x) = 2x2 3x + 1. , : 1) f (x) + g (x) + 1 = h(x);
2) f (x) + h(x) + 1 = g (x); 3) g (x) + h(x) + 1 = f (x).
5.2. :
(. . 125).
O1 (r, 0)
O2 (R, 0)
x
O
O
R
T1
A
T2
P (x, y)
C
. 125
. 125
. . , ,
| 182 |
9 , 2005/2006
, ,
, .
. 1) ,
,
, , .
2) . ,
. , ,
, x,
y (. . 125). P T12 =
= P T22 P O12 r2 = P O22 R2 (x + r)2 + y 2 r2 = (x R)2 + y 2 r2
2x(R + r) = 0 x = 0, y .
, . ,
. , . .
, ( ). ,
(
) , .
.
1) , (. . 125).
,
O
O2
. M
M
,
B
O1
. = = , |

.
A
2) - (. .
C
125). ,
.
125

1 2 . ,
, , |
.
| 183 |
, , . = , M =
= 180 (M1 + BM2 ) = (90 M1 ) + (90 BM2 ) =
1 M + B2 M =
1
(180 O1 2 ) + (180 O2 1 ) =
1
2
= 180 (O1 2 + O2 1 ) = 180 (180 ) = 90 +

1
(.
. 125 ). M ,
,

' = 90 + 12 .
5.3. :
, .
n .
n(n 1)
,
2
4 . , ,
2n(n 1) .
(
10
|
= 45) .
2
45 , 45n . ,
2n(n 1) = 45n,
n.
| 184 |
10
1995/1996
1 . : 0,1.
x. x =
1
0;2
=
= 2
6 0;1,
4
25
2
x + 25
x + 5
x + 2
x
5
x2
x2 + 5 > 2, x = 5.
5
x2
= 0.
x2
= 0,
6= 0,
, 0;1.
2 . : 1 : 2.
ABCD: AB = CD, AC CD, AC BD = O
AC | BAD (. . 126). , BCA = CAD =
= CAB = , BC = BA; BAD = 2; CDA = 90 .
, BAD =
= CDA, , 90 = 2,
B
C
= 30 .
ACD , AD = 2CD =
O
= 2BC , AOD
BO
CO
COB | ,
OD = OA = A
D
BC = 1 .
=
.
126
AD 2

1
2
3 . : 1 ; 3 ; (2; 4).
3
3
, , :
(
(x + y )2 + (x + y ) = 30;
(x2 y 2 ) + (x y ) = 10:
, x + y = 5 x + y = 6.
: (x y )(x + y + 1) = 10, ,
:
(
x + y = 5;
x + y = 6;
x y = 5
x y = 2:
3
, .
1 . : , .
, a = 99 2.
| 185 |
2 . : .
, , : 120
, 60 . ,
,
60 , .
60 120 ,
, | ,
.
3 . : 1.
P (x) x = 1.
I1 . : M (1; 3).
A = x2 + 2x + 4 = (x + 1)2 + 3 > 3,
x = 1, B = y 2 6y + 11 = (y 3)2 + 2 > 2,
y = 3. , A B > 6,
, : (1; 3).
I2 . K L | , AB
BC (. . 127).
, K L M 0 N 0 , M 0
N 0 | M N
AB BC .
K
M0
N0
N0
M
D
. 127
I3 . : 1; 0.
| sin 2x| 6 1, 1 2 sin 2x 6 3, , x2 < 3.

x Z, x = 0 x = 1.
.
II1 . x2 + 1 > 2x
- :
| 186 |
10 , 1995/1996
(a + 1)2
(b + 1)2
>
II2 . : 90 , 45 45 .
4a
4b
a
b
> 8:
=4
+
D
E
AD BE | ABC (. . 128). C
ADC BEC , ,
AC > AD BC > BE . ,
B
AD > BC BE > AC , - A
. 128
, AC > AD > BC > BE > AC ,
, .
, ABC | (AC = BC )
AD BE AC BC ,
ABC | .
II3 . , .
, (
), .
p + p2 , p < n <
III1 . , n = 1
1
2
< p2 . p1 p2 | , (p1 ; p2 ) , n | ,
.
III2 . (. . 129)
, , NC 2 = NA NB = ND2 . , NC =
= ND, .
y
x
0
B
C
. 129
. 130
III3 . : 6.

| 4 .
| 187 |
| (1; 0),
a. , ,
|
(. . 130).
1997/1998
1.1. : 4.
, x = 4 | , . ,
.
1.2. : , .
, , : 3, 4
5, 6, 8 10. , ()
.
, , ,
.
1.3. : 22 .
n2 +4n 33 = n(n +4) 33. n n +4
, 2 ,
n | . n = 2k 1, ,
(2k 1)(2k + 3) 33 = 4k 2 + 4k 36 = 4(k 2 + 4k 36) =
= 4(k 2 + k 9) = 4(k (k + 1) 9), , 4 = 22 .
k k + 1 | , k (k + 1) 9 { .

.
2.1. : x (; 2] [1; 3].
: a = x2 + x 2, b = 3 x. + b = x2 + 1.
a + b > 0 , , |a + b| = |a| + |b|, a > 0 b > 0. ,
:
"
(
2
x > 1;
x + x 2 > 0;
x 6 2;
3 x > 0;
x 6 3:
SA1 B1 C1 = 1.
AB1 , C1 CA1 (. . 131).
, , 2.2. :
| 188 |
10 , 1997/1998
. ,
A1 B1 C1 1.
2.3. : , .
,
, (-
B
A1
C1
B1
37 5
A
C
)
,
2
. 131
.
3.1. : .
, :
1
1
|x|
+
=
2
2|x|
2
|x| +
|x|

>
1
2 = 1;
2
|x| = 1.
x > 0, sin2 x + x2 + 21x > 1 ( , sin2 1 > 0). cos2 3x 6 1,
.
x
x < 0, +
2
x 6 1. sin x 6 1,
x 1 < 0 (
x, : sin2 x+ +
2
2x
, sin2 (1) < 1). cos2 3x > 0
2
x, .
3.2. : BD = 8.
D
C
BA A , BA (. . 132).
B1 D. B1
A
B
BDB1 . AB = AD = AB1 ,
. 132
DB1 = 90 . CAB = DCA =
= CDA = DAB1 , CAB DAB1 ,
B1 D = BC = 6, BB1 = 10.
BDB1 , BD = 8.
3.3. : 18; 10; 6; 4; 3; 1; 0; 2; 6; 14.
a3 8 = a2 2a + 4 16 . , , a+2
a+2
, , (a +2)
16. ,
: 16; 8; 4; 2; 1.
4.1. : . . 133.
| 189 |
x = 3 x = 3 y .
1
1
|x| > 3, y >
; 3 < x < 3, y 6
.
x+3
x+3
1
3
x
B
M
A
. 133
B1
. 134
4.2.
(. . 134); B1 | B . 1 = BC , B1 M = BM .
, , AM + MB =
= AM + MB1 > AB1 = AC + CB1 = AC + CB .
4.3. 1
8. 0
; , , 8
; 16
.
, , ( ,
) :
(0 + 8 + 16 + : : : + 56) + (1 + 2 + : : : + 8) = 260:
5.1. :
, .
:
x + y = x2 + y2 + x + y 167 x2 + y2 = 167:
(x; y ), -
, , ,

167
.
| 190 |
10 , 1998/1999
5.2. :
90
80 100 .
, ABCD | .
BD.
A
A A1 . A1 BD =
= ABD = 50 , BA1 = BA.
:
1) A1 C (.
B
. 135a). ABCD |
100 80 .
2) A1 C
(. . 135).
,
ABC . BA1 A = BAA1 = 90
A
ABD = 40 = BCA, A1
. BA1 CD |
,
D. , BDA =
, ABCD | ,
5.3. :
D
. 135a
A1
C
D
. 135
BCA = 40 ,
90 .
sin 2 + cos 2 + 2(sin 1 cos 1) 1 =
= 2 sin 1 cos 1 + cos2 1 sin2 1 + 2 sin 1 2 cos 1 sin2 1 cos2 1 =
= 2 sin 1(cos 1 sin 1) 2(cos 1 sin 1) = 2(cos 1 sin 1)(sin 1 1) > 0;

cos 1 < sin 1, sin 1 < 1. ,
, .
1998/1999
1.1. : b < 4 , b > 4 |
.
: 3x 5+ 3x
h + 11 = b. , 2
, 1 ; +
3
, .
5
, , 4, x = .
3
, , , [4; +), .
| 191 |
1.2. :
75 105 .
, , N K AD, AB ,
CD MN (. . 136). , AMND
, , | . MN | ABCD,
ABCD | . K | MN ,
, OKM = 90 , B
C
OMK . OK =
K
M
N
= 0;5R = 0;5OM . , KMO = 30 =
= AOM , OA = OM , MAO =
= 75 . , A = D =
A
O
D
= 75 ; B = C = 105 .
. 136
1.3. : (sin 5; sin 4).
(x sin 5)(x sin 4); x,

sin 5 sin 4. sin 5 sin 4 = 2 sin(0;5) cos(4;5) > 0;
sin 5 < x < sin 4.
= 1 + sin + 1 sin .
2.1. : 2 sin
<

2
< 2, = 19
:
11

sin < 0, cos > 0, sin > 0. , 1 + sin < 1 sin ,
2
, 1 + sin < 1 sin .
3
19
11
. :
4 sin2
= 1 + sin 21 + sin 1 sin + 1 sin

2
2(1 cos ) = 2 2 cos ;
,

. , sin > 0 1 + sin < 1 sin ,
2
: 2 sin = 1 + sin + 1 sin .
2
2.2. : ABC , ;
D
B
ABC | , .
,
A
C

. ,
. 137a
| 192 |
10 , 1998/1999
, (. . 137, ). ,
,
D.
| ,
D, , , , A B
(. . 137{).
B
. 137
2.3.
D
. 137
B
. 137
. 137
a + 2b
2
b a2
2
= (a2 + b2 ) > a2 + b2 . ,
4
, , , ,
.
3.1. . x2 , ,

.
5
2
A(0; 4) |
= +4; B (1; 1) |
1
5
= ( 1)2 +1. , C 2 ; 2 .
,
( K |
KC , ,

).
,
.
| 193 |
= 2 + 4
a, : = 2 2 + 4.
= 2 + 2
b, : = (2b + 2) + b2 .

,
(
2a = 2b + 2;
:
:
a2 + 4 = b2 :
a = 1 + 7 ;
a = 1 7 ;
2
2
b = 1 7 ;
b = 1 + 7 :
2

2

1+
7 12 +
7
7 12
7
7
7
1
1
2+
:
;
;
;
;
;
;
2
2
2
2
2
2

1+
7 2 +
7
;
.
2
2

1+
7 12 +
7
1
7
7
1
2+
1
;
|
; 2 . 2
2
2
2
2
2

1
7 12
7

;
2
2

1+
7 2 +
7
1
1
;
|
; 2 . ,
2
2
2
2
| .
3.2. : 15.
: S = 0;5ab
sin . , S 6 0;5ab 6 0;5 5 6 = 15, a 5, b
6. ,
| 5 6. ,

61,
7 < 61 < 8.
3.3. n .
f (n). , ,
: f (2n) = 2f (n) 1 f (2n + 1) = 2f (n) + 1.
, :
.
f (1511) = 2f (755) + 1; f (188) = 2f (94) 1; f (11) = 2f (5) + 1;

f (755) = 2f (377) + 1; f (94) = 2f (47) 1; f (5) = 2f (2) + 1;
f (377) = 2f (188) + 1; f (47) = 2f (23) + 1; f (2) = 2f (1) 1:
f (23) = 2f (11) + 1;
| 194 |
10 , 1998/1999
, f (1) = 1. , f (2) = 1; f (5) = 3; . . . ; f (1511) = 975.
, ,
n , n = 2k + m,
m < 2k ,
2m + 1. 1511 = 1024 +
+ 487 = 210 + 487, 2 487 + 1 = 975.
4.1. :
(b c)(bc a2 ) = b2 c a2 b bc2 + a2 c;
(c a)(ca b2 ) = ac2 a2 c b2 c + ab2 ;

(a b)(ab c2 ) = a2 b ab2 ac2 + bc2 ;
(b c)(bc a2 ) + (c a)(ca b2 ) + (a b)(ab c2 ) =

= b2 c a2 b bc2 + a2 c + ac2 a2 c b2 c +
+ ab2 + a2 b ab2 ac2 + bc2 = 0:
,
a, b c , .
4.2. :
38.
B
A
C

,
, ,
AB BC (. . 138). O
A, B C
. 138
. ,

. ,
,

: 2 24 . ,
,
360 : 6 = 60 , , ,
1
: ABC = 180 AOC = 150 . ABC
2
AC 38 ( ).
AOC |
, 38.
4.3. : .
n = 1 x = 10; n = 2 x = 30; n = 3 x = 100.
, x .
| 195 |
, 8. n > 2,
2n 4n 8, 1n = 1 8 1,
3n 8 3 ( n),
1 ( n). , x 8
4 2,
.
5.1. : 1 < cos A + cos B + cos C 6 1;5.

, , :
cos A + cos B + cos C 1 = cos A + cos B + cos(180 (A + B )) 1 =
A+B
AB
= 2 cos
cos
(1 + cos(A + B )) =
2
2
A+B
AB
A+B
= 2 cos
cos
2 cos2
=
2
2
2
A+B
AB
A+B
= 2 cos
cos
cos
> 0:
2
2
2
,
. -
e1
A B < 90 ,
, 90 <

2
A + B < 90 A + B > A B .
0 <

2
2
2

: e1 k AB ; e2 k BC ;
e3 k AC , |e1 | = |e2 | = |e3 | = 1. ,
(e1 ; e2 ) = 180 ; (e2 ; e3 ) = 180 ;
(e1 ; e3 ) = 180 A (. . 139). , (e1 + e2 + e3 )2 > 0.
B
e2
e1
e3
e3
C
e2
. 139
( e 1 + e 2 + e3 ) 2 = e1 2 + e 2 2 + e 3 2 + 2 e 1 e 2 + 2 e2 e 3 + 2 e 1 e 3 =
= 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 cos(180 B ) + 2 cos(180 A) + 2 cos(180 C ) =
= 3 2(cos A + cos B + cos C ):
, 3 2(cos A + cos B + cos C ) > 0 cos A + cos B + cos C 6 1;5.

5.2. (. . 140). P BC , P AC P AB AC1 = P A ; BA1 = P B ; CB1 = P C . ,
, :
BC1
P B CA1
P C AB1
PA
BA1 CB1 AC1 = P B P C P A = 1,
CA1 AB1 BC1
PC PA PB
| 196 |
10 , 1998/1999
AA1 , BB1 CC1 ,
.
A2
C3 M
B3
C1
A1
C2
C1
B2
A3
B
B1
A1
B1
. 140a
. 140
. , P A, P B
P C A2 , B2 2 , P A2 = P B2 = P C2
(. . 140). P A2 B2 C2 : P A1 , P B1 P C1
| A3 , 3 3
. A2 A3 , B2 B3 C2 C3 A2 B2 C2 , ,
. AA1 , BB1 CC1 A2 A3 ,
B2 B3 C2 C3
A2 B2 C2 ABC .
{, AA1 , BB1 CC1 ( f | { , ). , AA1 , BB1 CC1 ,
.
5.3. : 1511 .
1
1
= 1511 1511 6 2n + < 1512
2
2
1510;5 6 2n < 1511;5 2281610;25 6 2n < 2284632;25
2n +
1140805;125 6 n < 1142316;125:
, n | , : 1140805 < n 6
6 1142316. :
1142316 1140805 = 1511.
| 197 |
1999/2000
1.1. : , .
.
. , , .
mx + n,
ax2 + bx + c = mx + n kx + l
, ,
, . ,
, .
. , , qx + t
qx + t
q
: y = px +
lim
kx + l . k 6= 0 x
kx + l = k ,
q
y = px + k
x +, x ,
.
B
C
2r
.
1.2. :
tg
ABCD | (. .
141). AC K . , CAD = , CK = 2r, , AK =
2r
. =
tg
. 141
, ,
, , , AK .
1.3. : 4.
, .
. 142 {. .
. 142a
. 142
. 142
. 142
2.1. , , f (x) = 2x+sin x ,

g (x) = 2x | . : y = sin x | . - ,
.
2.2. : 9.
| 198 |
10 , 1999/2000
KM k CN (. . 143).
| BN , , KM | BCN . , KM =
1
1
= CN = AB . KT M AT B
KT = KM = 1 .
AT
AB
3
SBT A = S , SBT K =
4
3
SABK
16
9
S.
SBCN
S , SBCN
3
SBT K
M
N
A
=
D
. 143
+ SKCNT ,
S = 3 S + 13. , , S = 9.
2n, n Z.
x : cos5 x 6 cos2 x sin3 x 6
16
2.3. :
6 sin2 x. ,
5 cos5 x + 3 sin3 x 6 5 cos2 x + 3 sin2 x =
= 2 cos2 x + 3(cos2 x + sin2 x) = 2 cos2 x + 3 6 5:
,
x, .

,
cos x = 1, sin x = 0.
1 1
.
3.1. : 8; 4; 2; 1; ;
2
, (x; y ; z ; u; s; t) | . , 0;5. ,
,
:

6
x 1 12
63
=
:
1
4
1
2
, x = 8
1
1
: y = 4, z = 2, u = 1, s = , t = .
2
, ABCD (. .
144). , :
3.2.
AB + BC + AC > DA + DB + DC ;
AB + BD + AD > CA + CB + CD;
AC + CD + AD > BA + BC + BD;
BC + CD + BD > AB + AC + AD:
| 199 |
, :
2AB + 2BC + 2AC + 2AD + 2BD + 2CD
>
> 2AB + 2BC + 2AC + 2AD + 2BD + 2CD:
, , A
, ,
B
.
3.3. : 16.
C
, , . 144
. ,
. ,
.
(
), , ,
. , .
, , 1 , . 16.
4.1. : 1.
. 2001x2000
, , x2000 .
2000x2000 1000 ,
2x2000 , :
(1 2x2000 + x4000 )+(x2 2x2000 + x3998 )+ : : : +(x1998 2x2000 + x2002 ) = 0:
, :
(1 x2000 )2 + (x x1999 )2 + : : : + (x999 x1001 )2 = 0:
,
, , : x2000 = 1; x1999 =
= x; . . . ; x1001 = x999 . : x = 1.
. , x = 0
, x2000 . :
1
x2000
x1998
+ : : : + 1 + : : : + x1998 + x2000 = 2001:

| 200 |
10 , 1999/2000
1
x2n + 2n , n = 1; 2; : : : ; 1000. ,
, , ,

2001, ,
x2n = 1 n, , x = 1.
4.2. . 90
. A,
K | L, , LB =
= BC (. . 145). E | L ,
BE k AL. AL | KM , ,
AL KM , , BE KM , , BE
BMK , .
M
L
K
P
B
D
A
. 145
: BA = a,
1
= y . , BE = (a + b). x a,
BC = b, BM = x,
y b, a x =
BK
2
= b y = 0. ,
(a; y ) = 90 + ABC = (b; x), , a y = b x.
, :
1
1
BE MK = (a + b)(y x) = (a y + b y a x b x) = 0;
2
2
, BE MK , , BE
BMK , .
4.3. : (1; 1); (2; 31); (3; 29).
y x :
y=
12x2 4x 9
12
= 6x + 7 +
:
2x 3
2x 3
| 201 |
, y , ,
2x 3 12. ,
x , 2x 3, 1 3;
,
, y .
5.1. : , .

(n + 1)
n
sin
sin
n
X
2
2
sin(k) =
;

sin
k=1
2
, 2 sin
2
, .
. =
= 2
, , 0;5,
sin
2
2
> sin 6 . , .
5.2. : , .

.
F F1
, F .
, F1 | ,
.
5.3. : .
. 1
f (x) = x2 +[x]+1. ,
: f (f (x)) = x. x R
[x] 6 x < [x] + 1, f (x) > x. , f (f (x)) > f (x) > x,
, .
. f (f (x)) = x , ,
f (x) . y = x, ,
f (x) > x , f (x)
, , | . , .
| 202 |
10 , 2000/2001
x2 +[x]+1 = y , , y 2 +[y ] = x 1.
:
(
y2 + [y] + 1 = x;
x2 + [x] + 1 = y:
.
(y 2 x2 ) + ([y ] [x]) = x y .
x > y, , x2 > y2 [x] > [y], ,
, | . , y > x.
, , x = y . , x2 +[x]+1 = x,
, x R x < [x] + 1.
2000/2001
1.1. : b > a, b | , a | ; b < a, a | , b |
.
2
. g (x) = a sin x + b cos2 x = a + (b a) cos2 x.
2
0 6 cos x 6 1, b > a a 6 g (x) 6 b;
b < a b 6 g(x) 6 a.
2
. g (x) = a sin x + b cos2 x = 0; 5a(1 cos 2x) + 0; 5b(1 +
+ cos 2x) = 0; 5(a + b + (b a) cos 2x). 1 6 cos 2x 6 1,
b > a a 6 g(x) 6 b; b < a
b 6 g (x) 6 a.
1.2. :
2
S = R6 .
B
C
AB = BC = CD, , k AD
(. . 146). , S4ABC = S4OBC , A
O
D
, . 146
OBC .
1.3. : 1977.
x ,
27. , x + S (x) < 2001.
, x | ,
1, , 1 6 S (x) 6 28, , 1973 6 x 6 2000.
,
:
| 203 |
1) 2001 , x S (x)
3, , x .
2) x S (x) 9,
2001 9 3, , x S (x)
9 6, , x = 9n + 6, n N.
2.1. : .
. P (x
) = x2 + bx + c
2 4c > 0. , P (x)+ P (x + D) = (x2 + bx + c)+
D
=
b
((x+ D)2 +b(x+ D)+c) = 2x2 +2(b+ D)x+2c+b D +D.
: (b + D)2 4c
2b D 2D = b2 4c D = 0. ,
.
. x1 x2 |

D. , x1 =
(
x
>
x
),
x
=
1
2 1
2
b +
D , x = b D . P (x) P (x +
2
2
+ D) . ,
Ox x2 (. . 147). ,
x2 f (x) = P (x) + P (x + D).

y
P
D)
P (x
(x +
+ D)
xx00000
P (x)
xx22222
xx0000000000
B0
M0
K
K
O
x
A
. 147
. 147
x = x2 , , f (x) x0 , x2 ,
x00 , x0 .
.
: , f (x),
x2 . ,
A B , Ox | M , AM = MB (. .
147). B 0 , B
| 204 |
10 , 2000/2001
x = x2 . A
K , , A, K B 0 ,
.
2.2. : 30;
.
60; 90.
A
,
D
= = (. . 148).
D | . , ED |
B
E
C
. 4 = 4AD (
. 148
), , =
= AD = 90 , , 4 | . =
= 0; 5 , = 30 , = 60 .
. = = = (. .
148). , = 180 3 .
:
AC
sin(180
3 )
AB . AC =

AB
sin
2
1
, sin 3 = 2 sin .
, ,
| : 3 sin 4 sin3 = 2 sin sin =
= 30 .
,
1
2.3. : , . , 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16.

: n 2; n 1; n; n + 1; n + 2; n + 3.
, ,
, ( ),
( ). , ,
, ,
, , .
, . , : 11; 12; 13; 14; 15;
16. (11; 12; 13) = 111213 = 1716; (14; 15; 16) = 27815 = 1680.
(n 2; n 1; n) = (n 2)(n 1)n; (n + 1; n + 2; n +
+ 3) =
(n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3),
(n 2)(n 1)n >
1
2
(n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3).
3.1. : a = 2 a = 0.
1) a = 0 : x = 2,
.
| 205 |
2)
a 6= 0 . D4
= 1 2a3 +
x1 x2 , : x1 + x2 = a2 x1 x2 =
x2 | ,
+ 4a > 0,
= 2a
4
a . x1
4
2
4
2
a 2a a . a | , a | ,
, 2a. 2a = 4, 2a
a
: 4; 2 1, , a = 0; 5
a = 1 a = 2. a= 2, a = 1 a = 0; 5
D < 0 . a = 1 a = 0; 5 D

2
3 , . a = 2
4
: 2 1.
11
2
AD = cb .
AE (. . 149).
ABD = . BAE = 90
BEA = ( | , , ABE = 90 ).
= = (
3.2. :
, ).
, 4 4ADB |
AB = AC c2 =
( ). ,
c2
AD
AB
A
D
B
E
. 149
= b AD AD = .
b
3.3. : 6 .
, 2k
, |
(k | ). ,
,
,
2. 2001 : 2001 =
= 1024+512+256+128+64+16+1: 7 ,
6 ,
. .
4.1.
: 1=3.
x = 2 : 2f ( 2) + f (1) = 1. ,
f (1), x = 0; 1.
| 206 |
10 , 2000/2001
2f (0) + f (1) = 1;
2f (1) + f (0) = 1;
2f (1) + f (0) = 1:
, : f (0) = f (1) = f (1) = 1=3. ,

f ( 2) = 1=3.
4.2. : .
. ABCD BCD , |
(. . 150). | , ,
, , AD DAB 120 .
A
D
B
O
D
c
b
C
C
. 150
. 150
. 150
D (. . 150).
BDC BAC , ,
. , ,
ABD, ACD BCD .
. , D , ,
D , B = AC = a; DB = DC = b; BC = c; AD = d
(. . 150). 4ABD = 4ACD. ABD ,
DAB | : 2 + d2 < b2 .
, CDB , 22 < c2
2b2 < c2 . , :
d
<
b2 a2 ;
c > a 2;
c > b 2:
- ,
,
, 120 . :
| 207 |

1
a = 9; b = 10; c = 15; d = 4. : cos DAB = cos DAC = 24
>
> 2 ; cos BDC = 12 > 2 , ,

; cos BAC =
2
30
90 120 .
4.3. : 60 .
, .
| , |
, , .
A1 B1 | , A2 B2 | . ,
1 , 1 1 1 = ,
A1 B1 , , , = 180 , 2 ,
2 2 2 = 180 . , 2 ,
2 2 2 = , A2 B2 . , A1 , M1 B1 ,
M1 | ( ). , , 60 , > 60 .
, 2 2 2 M2 | , , 6 60 .
, = 60 .
,
, .
,
>
.
5.1. : .
.
: x = 1=y .
: y 37 + y 29 + 1 = 0. f (y ) = y 37 + y 29 + 1
(
), , f (y ) = 0 .
,
(, y = 0 y = 1 ),
f (y) = 0 , , . ,
.
. f (x) = x37 + x8 + 1
.

8
0
36
7
7
29
. f 0 (x) = 0
R, - f (x) = 37x + 8x = 37x x +
37
r
8
x = 0 x = 29
0; 9. ,
37
r

i
8
, ; 29
[0; +) ,
37
| 208 |
10 , 2000/2001
i
; 0 | . f (0) = 1 | 37
r
8
> 1 | ,
, f 29
29
37
, , (, x = 2),
0
r

8
, ; 29
. 37
| . . 151.
5.2. : .
. 151
| , : (. . 152).

, .
. 152
| ,
45 (. . 152). (
135 ), ,
.
, , | , , .
O
.
, 45 ,
90 (. 152
). ,
,
, , ,
,
| 209 |
. , ,
,
| ,
. , ,
.
. D
, . D |
, | , CE | ,
E

C
(. . 152). CE AD,
B
= = 45 ( -
). , D = 0; 5E = 22; 5 .
= , = 45 , , ADO =
= 90 (AO + DAC ) = 22; 5 . ,
= D, , | D, .
5.3. :
O
. 152
S = N (N2 1) .
. . ,
, ,
. m + k
m k , mk , , , . ,
S
. ,
N (N 1)
2
, ,
S = N (N2 1) .
m + k )2 (m 2 + k 2 )
, mk =
. ,
2
- m + k m k , mk . , ,
, , , , . , :
(
| 210 |
10 , 2001/2002
(N ) 2, ,
=
N 2 (12 + 12 + : : : + 12 )
2
N 2 N = N (N 1) .
=
2
2
, S -
N (N 1)
,

2
. N = 1 .
, N .
: m k
. ,
m(m 1)
( ). ,
mk + m2 + k2 ) (m + k)
(2
=
2
.
k(k 1)
2
S = mk + m(m2 1) + k(k 2 1)
m + k )2 (m + k )
2
N (N 1)
2
, -
2001/2002
1.1. : , .
: D = b6 4a3 c3 . 6 0,
4a3 c3 > 0, , D > 0. > 0, . , b2 4ac > 0 b2 >
> 4ac b6 > 64a3 c3 . > 0, 64a3 c3 > 4a3 c3 , ,
b6 > 4a3 c3 , , D > 0. ,
.
1.2. : 1.
. O | N
ABCD. AM
A
B
BN ,
(. . 153).
M
O
MAO = 90 AOM = NOB
OA = OB , 4OAM = 4OBN ,
OM = BN . : AM 2 +
1
D
C
+ BN 2 = AM 2 + OM 2 = AO2 =
AB 2 .
2
, O | . 153
, , 1.
= OB =
. MAO = NOB = .
2
2
2
=
, AM 2 + BN 2 = ( cos )2 + (BO sin )2 =
= 0; 5.
2
2
1.3. : 1 3.
| 211 |
an = n! , a5 ,
, a10 | ( n > 10
n! 2, 5 10). ,

, : 1 + 2 + 6 + 24 + 120 + 720 + 5040 + 40320 + 362880 = : : : 13.

1
1
2.1. :
;
.
2001
2002
Sn = Sn1 + n , S2002 , (
a2002 > 0;
,
n = a1 +
a2003 < 0:
+ (n 1) d, d |
. , n = 1 +
(
1 + 2001d > 0;
1
1
+ (n 1) d, ,
< d < 2002

.
2001
1 + 2002d < 0
2.2. :
, .
, , c E
= 8 BD = 0; 5 (.
. 154). SABC = 0; 5AC BD = 2, A
,
, . B > D = 4,
AE = 2SABC < 1.
BC
B
D
. 154
, . . 155, A, B , C , D, E F |
.
B
,
17,
D
.
F
, ,
,
A
C
E

. 155
.
, , ,
6!
: C63 =
= 20.
3! 3!
, 3 ,
. :
F (AB ); E (AC ); D (BC ).
3.1. : 1.
2.3. :
| 212 |
10 , 2001/2002
x | sin x| 6 1, sin x cos y cos z 6
6 | sin x cos y cos z | = | sin x| | cos y cos z | 6 | cos y cos z |. ,
| cos x| 6 1, cos x sin y sin z 6 | sin y sin z |.
: sin x cos y cos z + cos x sin y sin z 6 | cos y cos z | + | sin y sin z |.

: cos(y z ), 1.
1 , , x = 0,
y = z = 2 .
,
cos y cos z .
A
3.2. : .
4 , 1 , 1 1 , | C1
M B1
(. . 156). SABC =
= 3SBMC ( |
C
, , B
A1
, . 156
1 : 1 = 3 : 1).

,
.
,

1 < 1 1 < 1, SABC = 3SBMC 6
2
2
1
63
BB1 CC1 < 2 .
2
3.3. :
, . . 157 (
,
).
y
y
. 157
4.1.
. 158
: 2 .
5
| 213 |
x2 10x + y 2 2y + 1 = 0 (x 5)2 +
2
2
+ (y 1) = 5 ,
(5; 1) 5 (. . 158).
y
K
x
K
, ,

K I , 0;
,

2

K IV , ; 0 .
.
, , (K ) |
(. . 158).
K , : OK 2 = OC 2 CK 2 = (12 + 52 ) 52 = 1,
K (x; y) (0; 0) 1.
(
,

( 2 ).
x + y2 = 1;
:
x2 10x + y2 2y + 1 = 0
(
x = 0;
y=1
(
(
x2 + y2 = 1;
x2 + y2 = 1;

;
x =
10x + 2y 1 = 1
y = 1 5x
13
y = 12 :
13

5
12
y
12
K
;
, = .
13
13
x
5
KOX ,
K . KOX = COK COX , tg COK = 5, tg COX =
1
tg tg
, tg KOX =
= , tg( ) =
5
12
5
1 + tg
. ,
tg
IV , ,
12
y
x = y5 .
. k = , ,
x
k ,
:
(
y = kx;
x2 10x + y2 2y + 1 = 0:
| 214 |
10 , 2001/2002
y : x2 10x +
+ k 2 x2 2kx + 1 = 0 (1 + k 2 ) x2 2(5 + k ) x + 1 = 0.
,
, , . , (5+ k )2 (1+ k 2 ) >
> 0 10k > 24 k > 2 .

5
k , ,
2
2 .
5
4.2. : , .
, ,
,
,
(. . 159).

. 159
.
4.3. : , .
, , , f (x) | g (x) | , x x3 = f (x) + g (x).
T | g (x). x = T :
T 3 = f (T ) + g(T ), x = T : T 3 = f (T ) + g(T ).
f (T ) = f (T ) g(T ) = g(0) = g(T ), , T 3 = T 3 ,
, T = 0, .
2
5.1.
17
: (2x + 2) (5 2x) (4x2 + 8x + 11) =

= 10(2x + 3)2 (4x2 + 6x + 10) (4x2 + 8x + 11) = 10(2x + 3)2 .
x = 1; 5 ( ),
4
4x2 + 6x + 10
2x + 3
2
2
4x + 6x + 10
4x + 8x + 11
= y,
= z,
2x + 3
2x + 3 (
y = 2;
(
z=5
yz = 10;
(
.
= 7. ,
y + z = 7;
y = 5;
z = 2:
2
4x + 8x + 11
= 10:
2x + 3
y+z =
x + 21
x+3
14
2
,
.
| 215 |
2 + 8x + 11
17
x
1
2
1)
= 5 2x x 2 = 0 x =
;
2x + 3
4
2
4x + 8x + 11
2)
= 2 4x2 + 4x + 5 = 0.
2x + 3
4
.
5.2. : , .
,
m. (. . 160). , , m,
1 , b1 1 , | 2 , b2 2 .
K , L N | m.
B
C
c2
b2
a2
N
K
m
c1
L
a1
b1
. 160
m,
1 k b1 k c1 2 k b2 k 2 . 1 b1
KL 2 b2 .
: 1 1 2
2 ; b1 1 b2 2 .
, .
, b .
, , B b, C c?
, ,
,
. ,
| 216 |
10 , 2001/2002
' = 60
(. . 160). , C c, d |
. ,
b d, .
d
b
a
B
A
c
C
. 160
b d , ,
,
, (
, , ' = 60 ). ,
,
, , . ,
, , . , - ,
.
,
,
.
,
| , .
5.3. : .
, , n > k m > p.
k2 (k + 1)2 , , p = n2 k2 >
> (k + 1)2 k 2 = 2k + 1. , k = m2 p2 > (p + 1)2 p2 = 2p + 1.
p > 2k +1 k > 2p+1 : p+k > 2k +2p+2
p+k +2 6 0. .
| 217 |
2002/2003
1.1. :
x + 6 2x2 = 0;
(
cos(x) = 0;
x + 6 2x2 cos(x) = 0
2x2 x 6 = 0;
x = + k; k Z;
2
2x2 x 6 6 0;
x + 6 2x2 > 0;
x = 2;
x = 1; 5;
x = 0; 5 + k; k Z;
1; 5 6 x 6 2:
(
, : 1; 5;
0; 5; 0,5; 1,5; 2.
1.2. , , A
AB1 CB (. . 161). B1 AB =
= B1 CB = 90 , |
B1
, 1 | ,
,
. , 1
1 ,
B
C
. . 161
|
.
1.3. : .
.
a2n+1 + b2n+1 = (a + b) (a2n a2n1 b + a2n2 b2 : : : ab2n1 + b2n ):

32003 + 12003 , -
4, | .
. (2 + 1)2003 , : 32003 + 1 = (2 + 1)2003 + 1 = 22003 + 2003
22002 + : : : +
2001
2002 2003
23 +
2002
2003
22 + 2003 2 + 1 + 1 =
= 22003 + 2003 22002 + : : : + 1001 2003 22 + 2004 2 = 4 (22001 +

+2003 22000 + : : : +1001 2003+1002). |
, , ,
| .
6
| 218 |
10 , 2002/2003
9 1(mod 8) 32003 = 3 32002 = 3 91001 3 11001
2003
3(mod 8) 3
+ 1 4(mod 8), , 4,
.
8.
2.1. :
2003.
, p3 3p 1 = 0 p3 3p = 1, ,
p4 3p2 = p. , p4 + 2p3 3p2 7p + 2001 = 2p3 6p + 2001 =
= 2(p3 3p) + 2001 = 2003.
2.2. : , .
, , 1 : : : 12 ,
(. . 162).
, 1 3 : : : 11 , ( , )
.
1 7
, , ,
.
A3
A4
A3
A5
A2
A2
A6
A4
b
c
A5
a
A1
A7
A12
A1
c
A6
A8
A9
A11
A10
A9
A8
. 162
A7
. 162
: 1 2 : : : 9 , (. . 162), ,
: A1 A2 + A2 A4 = A2 A7 .
. A1 A2 = a, A2 A4 = b,
A1 A4 = A4 A7 = A7 A1 = c, A2 A7 = d. A1 A2 A4 A7 , : ac + bc = dc a + b = d,
.
. R | . A1 A2 = 2R sin 20 , A2 A4 = 2R sin 40 , A2 A7 = 2R sin 80 ,
| 219 |
sin 20 + sin 40 =
= sin 80 . , sin 20 + sin 40 =
= 2 sin 30 cos 10 = cos 10 = sin 80 .
, , ,
, , 9 12.
2.3. : , .
, f (x)
f (b)
f (a + b) + f (a b) 2f (a)
2
f (a b) + f (a + b) 2f (a)
f (b) =
= f (b), f (x) |
2
.
3.1. : (1; 1); (1; 1).
y 2 = z > 0. 2z 2 + 4xz + (x4 + 1) = 0,
z .
D=
4
= 4x2 2x4 2 = 2(x4 2x2 + 1) = 2(x2 1)2 6 0. ,

, , x2 = 1.
x = 1 z 2 + 2z + 1 = 0,
z = 1. ,
. x = 1 z 2 2z + 1 = 0,
z = 1. , y = 1.
3.2. : .
, ABCD (E |
) S , (.
. 163).
F
. 163
| 220 |
10 , 2002/2003
SE EF , SE , S F .
SAF C | .
: 2(SA2 + SC 2 ) = SF 2 + AC 2 . , 2(SB 2 +
+ SD2 ) = SF 2 + BD2 . , = BD, , SA2 +
+ SC 2 = SB 2 + SD2 . 1, 3, 5 7
, .
, F ABCD ,

3.3. :
SABCD
, .
4 0, 1. , n | , , n = 2k ,
k N, n2 = 4k2 | 4. n | , , n = 2k 1,
k N, n2 = 4k 2 4k + 1 = 4(k 2 k ) + 1 1
4. ,
4 : 0, 1 2. ,
4m + 3, m N,
.
4.1. : 2.
C
. r, .
,
A0 , B 0 0 (. . 164).
B0
,
O
A0
, , AB 0 = AC 0 =
x
0
0
= x; BA = BC = y . x = ;
y
r
y = p b, p |
x
.
A
C0 y B
|
. 164
,
0 BOC 0 , ctg A2 = xr ; ctg B2 = yr . r = Sp ,
p
S =
p(p a) (p b) (p c) | ,
S 2 = p(p a) (p b) (p c) = (p a) (p b) (p c) . ctg A
p
2
p2
p2
(
p
a) (p b) p
B
xy
p
ctg = 2 =
=
2
(p a) (p b) (p c)
p c . (, r
r2
!)
| 221 |
+ b = 3c, , p = a + 2b + c
A ctg B = 2.
2
2
ctg
+b
= 2c. ,
= 3c ,
a + b =
R 2R
=
, R | , .
2R
, , sin A + sin B = 3 sin C .
: sin A +
A + B cos A B = 6 sin A + B cos A + B .
+ sin B = 3 sin(A + B ) 2 sin
3
A+B =
A B = 3 cos A + B
6 0, , cos
2
2
2
A B cos A + B = 2 cos A + B 2 sin A sin B = 2 cos A cos B
cos
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
B
A
B
A
B
A
A
2 sin sin
2 sin sin
= cos cos . sin
6= 0
sin
B
A
B
sin 6= 0, ctg ctg = 2.
2
2
2
N B
K MD
(. . 165).
4.2.
AM ,
D
. 165
D = 120 , AMN + DMK = BMA + CMD =

= 60 . , NM = MB = MC = MK . ,
1
4MNK | , NK =
BC . , +
2
1
2
BC + CD = N + NK + KD > AD, .
4.3. :
, .
, , , , , | . -
X1 , , , .
,
| 222 |
10 , 2002/2003
Y1 .
X1 Y1
( , ).
, X2 .
X2 Y1 ( ,
).
n,
n. , ,
: (X1 Y1 ) + (X2 Y1 ) + (X2 Y2 ) +
+ (X3 Y2 ) + : : : + (Xn1 Yn1 ) + (Xn Yn1 ) + (Xn Yn ) + (X1 Yn ) =
= 2(X1 + X2 + : : : + Xn Y1 Y2 : : : Yn ) = 2(A B ). ,
, .
5.1. : a1 = tg 1 , a2 = tg 2 , : : : , a5 = tg 5 ,

, , < 1 6
2 6 : : : 6 5 < 2 . , ,
1 ; 2 ; : : : ; 5 ,
. ,
4
, 1 ; 2 ; : : : ; 5
. i k , i 6 k .
x y = tg i tg k = tg( ),
x = ai , y = ak ,
i
k
1 + xy
1 + tg i tg k

0 6 i k 6 , 0 6 tg(i k ) 6 1. ,
4
2
06
x y 6 1, .
xy
1+
BC = 3.
D |
5.2. :
(. . 166). SABE = SDCE ,

SABD = SACD , , AD k BC .
SAED = x, , SADE :
: SABE = DE : BE = SDCE : SBCE SABE =
1
= SDCE = 1, SBCE = . ,
SABCD
= 2+
x + x.
1
SABCD
A
E
D
C
. 166
6 4, , 2 +
x + x1
6 4 x+
x 6 2 x = 1. , SABCD = 4,
SAED = SBCE = 1 = SABE = SDCE . , ABCD | , , BC = AD = 3.
5.3. : , .
D MK (. . 167). 1
| 223 |
AD D : + OK > .
,
AD D 1000, ,
B
C
| 500.
1,
K
p
500, ,
M
O
. , A
D
, .
. 167
2003/2004
1.1. :
, .
1.2. :
. . 168.
a2 + b2 + c2 = (a + b + c)2 2(ab + bc + ca) = (a + b + c)
a+b+c
a+b+c
ab + bc + ca , .
2
a+b+c
2
1
4
c
. 168
, , b , d2 = a2 + b2 + c2 ,
b
d | (. . 168).
d1
a
. 168
a b c.
: ,
, . . 168a.
4, b . d2 = 16a2 + b2 + c2 = (a2 + b2 + c2 ) + 15a2 ,
, 1 2.
: (. . 168).
d2 = 4a2 + 4b2 + c2 = (a2 + b2 + c2 ) + 3a2 + 3b2 < (a2 + b2 + c2 ) + 15a2 ,
> b, .
| 224 |
10 , 2003/2004
1
4
4
. 168
. 168

, (. . 168),
.
1.3. : 1; 3; 4; 8; 13; 28.
n5 + 2 = (n5 + 25 ) 30 n5 + 25 n + 2,
n + 2 , n + 2
30. , n | , : n = 1,
3, 4, 8, 13 28.
, n + 2
30, ,
( ), .
2.1. : 0.
| cos x| 6 1 | cos x| 6 1, cos x + cos x = 2

:
(
cos x = 1;
cos x = 1:

, x = 2k , k Z,
, x = 2n x = 4 2 n2 , n Z,
n > 0. : 2k = 42 n2 k =
= 2n2 . | ,
, , n = k = 0. ,

x = 0.
2.2. : 32 34.
. | , |
, , R | ,
(. . 169).
P Q, , :
T P + T Q = T R. | 32, ,

32T R, |T R| = 32 + 52 = 34.
. c2 (. . 169).
| 225 |
(i; j )| 2 6 i 6 5; 1 6 j 6 6. S
(; b).
5
X
, a = 8
i = 8 12 = 96;
i=2
6
X
b=8
j = 8 20 = 160. |S | = a2 + b2 = 32 34.
j =1
6
5
4
Q
2
1
3
2 1 0
. 169
. 169
2.3. :
, .
, 15
. ,
7 , | 6 , | 5 .
,
(7 + 6 + 5) 3 = 15 , , , . , ,
, ,
. , ,
4 , .
3.1. : 14952.
, (xn ),
, :
x; x + a; x +2a + d; x +3a +3d; : : : ; x +(n 1) a +(1+2+ ::: +(n 2)) d,
d | .
xn = x + (n 1) a + (1 + 2 + ::: + (n 2)) d = x + (n 1) a + (n 2)2(n 1) d.

| 226 |
10 , 2003/2004
: x = 3, a = 4, d = 3.
99 98 3
: 3 + 99 4 +
= 14952.
2
O1

B
C
BC
k = AD . O
DOA
(. . 170).
, A
D
,
O2
, . 170a
.
, 1 | , ,
2 | ,
DOA. , 1 , 2 , ,
, D ,
.
B
C
.
,
O
, ,
O1
O2

CBD ,
A
D
. , . 170
, CBD =
= ' = ADB (. . 170). CO1 O = 2',
, . CO1 O |
, CO1 = '. , ,
3.2.
D, , O2 = 2 '.
, ,
, 1 , 2
, , ,
D , .
3.3. : , .
, .
.
, | . ,
| 227 |
| . ,
p23 . p
2+
4.1. :
,
, .
2
2
2
. :
4x3 3x > 0;
1 x2 = 16x6 24x4 + 9x2 :

, y = x2 : 16y 3 24y 2 + 10y
1
1 = 0: , y = .

y 2,
1
y1
x=
, 16y 2 16y + 2 = 0.
2+
x=
2
2
y2
2+
2+
. ,
. , x | ,
|x| 6 1.
x = cos t, t [0; ],
: 1 cos2 t = 4 cos3 t 3 cos t | sin t| = cos 3t.
t [0; ], sin t > 0,
:

t cos 3t = 0 sin t + sin 2t = 0 t = + n,

2
4
4
4
1
n Z t = + k , k Z.
cos
= cos
=
=
= cos
cos(=4)
2
2
=
8
x1
,
= sin
t [0; ] : t1
r
=4)
1 + cos(
, t = 5 t = 3 .
2
3
8
4
2+
2
5
; x2 = cos
=
2
8
p8
=
r
p

1
2
2
2
=
,
1
=
2
x3
r | ,
1
(. . 171). S =
P r, S | ,
4.2.
| , SABCD = SABD + SBCD =

| 228 |
1
2
(PABCD + 2BD)r.
10 , 2003/2004
, SABCD = SABC + SACD =
(PABCD + 2AC )r.
2
, ,
= BD, .
1
D
. 171
4.3. :
, .
, , 2, . | ,
. ,
: 22 (2k + 1) + 1 = 8k + 5,
k | .
.
. : 8n,
8n1, 8n2, 8n3 8n+4, ,
8 0, 1 4. ,
.
. 22 (2k + 1) + 1 = n2 , n |
. 4(2k + 1) = (n 1)(n + 1). ,
, 4, 8. ,
,
2. | , |
, ( ) 4. , 8.
, , ,
.
5.1. xyz = 0; 5 y 2 + z 2 > 2yz ,
xy2 = xy2 = y2 >

y2
:
3
3
2
2
x + 1 x + 2xyz x + 2yz x + y2 + z 2
yz 2 >
z2
zx2 >
x2
:
3
2
2
2
3
2
y +1 x +y +z
z + 1 x + y2 + z2
| 229 |
y2
xy2 + yz 2 + zx2 >
z2
x2
+ 2
+ 2
= 1;
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
x +1 y +1 z +1 x +y +z
x +y +z
x + y2 + z2
.
5.2. : 5,5 .
, .
(. . 172). 1 2
, P Q .
, AP = P M ; MQ = QB ,
,
P Q = 0; 5AB = 5; 5 (). , O1 O2 > P Q (

).
C
C
O2
O1
O2
O1
Q
P
A
. 172
M
. 172
, (. . 172).
, O1 O2
, O1 O2
, , O1 O2 = 0; 5AB = 5; 5 ().
5.3.
4 4.
x1 x2
3
| 10, ,
x3 1 2
.
2 1 2 3
,
3
3
(. . 173).
x1 ,
. 173
x2 x3 .
| 230 |
10 , 2004/2005
1, 2 3 , ,
x1 , x2 x3 .
, ( 1, 2 3)
. , x1 , x2
x3 , , ,
.
: 1)
, , 2, x1 ,
x3 ; 2) , , 1 2, x3 ; 3)
, xk ,
, . ,
, xk , | - ,
.
2004/2005
1.1. : (3; 1).
(x; y ) | . , |x 3y | < 1. x y | , x = 3y .
, : |6y 5; 5| 6
|6y 5; 5|
< 1 1 < 6y 5; 5 < 1
3
4
<y<
13
12
2005
2006
. ,
y = 1; x = 3. , (3; 1)
.
, , , -
.
1.2. : , .
E0
, D
F0
.
O
,
(. . 174). - F
EF BE 0 F 0 D
, ,
A
D
E
.
. 174
:

EF BE 0 , , E 0
.
| 231 |

.
1.3. | , | , -
. , , = 3 , ,
3.
, ,
, , 9, 9.
, = 3 27.
, , , , , = 3105; = 1035.
2.1. : = 0:
, (m; n) | , (n; m) |
. , , (m; m). :
(
(
2m4 = a;
m = 0;
2
a = 0:
1+m =1
= 0 ,
(
x4 + y4 = 0;
x = y = 0:
cos(x y ) + xy = 1
2.2. ,
B
A, C1 , A1
E E. , C1 A1 A
A1
C1 EA,
C1
.
D
, C1 DA1 | (. . 175),
C1 DA
A
E
C
C1 A1 A. , C1 DA =
.
175
= C1 EA, A, C1 , D E
.
2.3. : , .
4
3.
4, 4 1.
| 232 |
10 , 2004/2005
, = 2k + 1, k | , 54 = (4 +
+ 1) (2k + 1)4 = (4 + 1) (4k 2 + 4k + 1)2 1(mod 4).
,
.
,
3.1. 0 < x <
6
,
1
1
, 0 < sin2 x < 0 < tg2 x < . S = S1 + S2 ,
S1 = sin x + sin3 x + : : : ; S2 = tg2 x + tg4 x + : : : , , S1 |

sin x sin2 x, S2 |
tg2 x tg2 x.
h
2
sin x
sin x
tg x
i
S1 =
2 = 2 ; S2 =
2 . 0;
4
sin
cos
tg
= sin x , y = cos2 x ,

S1 x = . , 0 < x < ,
6
6
h
i
sin x
0; 5
2

2
S1 =
= . , 0;
y = tg x
2 <
0 75
, y = 1 tg2 x ,

S2 x = . , 0 < x < ,
cos
2x
S2 =
< 21==33 =
2
1 tg x
S < 23 + 12 = 76 < 1; 2.
tg

. , 0 < x < ,
2
6
1
S2 <
1
2

0<x<
6
S1 <
2
3
, :
1)
x < 2;
2
3
1 sin x
sin
0 < sin x <
3 sin x < 2 2 sin2 x;

0 < sin x <
2 sin2 x + 3 sin x 2 < 0;
0 < sin x <
2x
1
2 < 2;
1 tg x
2)
0 < tg2 x < 1
tg
1
2
(sin x + 2) (2 sin x 1) < 0;
0 < sin x < 1

2
2 tg2 x < 1 tg2 x;

3 tg2 x < 1;
0 < tg2 x < 1

0 < tg2 x <
3
| 233 |
1
3
(
x). , ,
.
. , : S = 1 1 + 1 1 + 1 1 + : : : .
, : S = (1 1) + (1 1) +
+ (1 1) + : : : , , S = 0. ,
: S = 1 + (1 + 1) + (1 + 1) + : : : , , S = 1.
, ,
: S = 1+(1 1)+(1 1)+ : : : , , S = 1. ,
: S = 1 (1 1 + 1 1 + : : : )
S = 1 S , S = 0; 5.
3.2. : 7.
. a, b c |
S | . ,
(. . 176). :
a + 3b + 15c = 2S . , , , 4a + 5b + 11c = 2S .
2 . : 7a + 7b + 7c = 2S ,
2S
, : r =
= 7.
a+b+c
B
P
c
M
M
1
3
15
A
. 176
. 176
. K , | ,
. P ,
K . , ,
.
(. . 176). P ,
, 7, P .
| 234 |
10 , 2004/2005
P (
- ,
K , ,
),
7.
3.3. : 99.
= 100 100 + 1 =
= 100 101 1.
, 100 101 | . 99 , . , ,
,
100,
100 .
4.1. 1) x = 0 , , .
2) ,
B
x ,
x, D
4
, x > 0.
x
ABC
C AC = 3; BC = 4
3
C
A
(. . 177).
. 177
D , CD = x.

ADC BDC , AC 2 + CD2 2AC CD cos ACD =
:
AD
=
r
2
= 9 + x2 2 3x
BD = BC 2 + CD2 2BC CD cos BCD =
2
r
16 + x2 2 4x
.
p
+p
BD > AB , 9 + x2 3x 2 +
B0
0
+ 16 + x2 4x 2 > 5,
A
D0
.
O
O
4.2. : , .
. , DA0 B 0 C 0 D0
B
(. . 178).
A
D
. 178
,
2
| 235 |
AD
C0
, | .
, , OABCD OAA0 B 0 B ; OA0 B 0 C 0 D0
OAA0 D0 D; OBB 0 C 0 C OCC 0 D0 D, ,
, .
. , ,
B 0 D. B 0 D ,
120 . , B 0 D 120 . ,
, .
4.3. : , .
,
,
, . ,
, , ,
, .
,
,
, .
,
.
64 ,
, | 31. : 64 31 .
.
64 , |
32 . : 6432 . 643264
31 = 64 > 1, .
5.1. : , .
, P (x) = x + 2(x 1) (x 2) (x 3) (x 4) (x 5),

, , , .
x = n, n N n > 5, : P (n) = n + m 2,
m | , P (n) | .
5.2. : 4 3.
D | (. . 179). B AC B 0 . B 0 A = BC ,
CB 0 = AB SAB0 C = SABC . , SAB0 CD = SABCD =
=
AB CD + BC AD = CB 0 CD + B 0 A AD . ,
2
2
| 236 |
10 , 2005/2006
SAB CD = CB CD sin B CD +2 B A AD sin B AD . ,

B 0 AD = B 0 CD = 90 . B 0 AD = BAD = 90 , AB 0
AB , , B 0
(. . 179). = , BAC = BCA DAC =
= DCA = 60 , 4ADC | .
,
BAC = BCA = 30 , , D = CA = 4 3.
0
B0
4
B
60
A
. 179a
D
. 179
5.3. :
.
1) a 6 b 6 c
2005 a + 1 6 b +
+ 1 6 + 1 2008. ,
( + 1) + (b + 1) > (a + b) + 1 > c + 1.
2) x 6 y 6 z
2008, x 1; y 1; z 1. ,
| (, , x 1 = 0 x = 1,
y + z = 2007 1, y z , y z | ,
). , (x 1)+(y 1) = (x + y ) 2 > z 2.
| , , (x 1)+(y 1) > z 1.
,
, (x 1) + (y 1) = (z 1) x + y = z + 1. P =
= x+y +z = 2z +1 | , 2008.
, (x 1) + (y 1) > z 1,
x 6 y 6 z 2008
x 1 6 y 1 6 z 1 2005.
, ,
2005 , 2008.
2005/2006
1.1. : .
,
. , = 0,
| 237 |
bx4 = c.
( b = c = 0), . = 0,
x4 (ax + b) = 0.
( = b = 0),
.
6= 0 6= 0,
1
. t 6= 0 | ,
|
cx5 + bx + a = 0. ,
(
5
at5 + bt4 + c = 0;
1
1
= 0:
a+b +c
t
t
t 6= 0
, m 6= 0 | ,
m |
. ,
.
1.2. : , .
, ABCA0 B 0 C 0 ,
, (. . 180).
ABCC 0 B 0 A0 A , | .
, 1
A0
A0
C0
C0
B
B0
C
B
B
. 180
. 180
ABCA0 B 0 C 0 ,
(. . 180).
, , AB 0 CA0 BC 0 A. ,
| 238 |
10 , 2005/2006
AB 0 C , B 0 CA0 , CA0 B , A0 BC 0 , BC 0 A
C 0 AB 0 ( ).
.
1.3. : , .
, , (. . 181).
. 99 3, . :

;
, . ,
,
.
1
2
1
3
1
2
1
3
. 181
2.1. : a = b = c = d = 0.
, :
8a2 + 9b2 + 7c2 + 4d2 = 16ab + 8cd
(8a2 16ab + 8b2 ) + (4c2 8cd + 4d2 ) + b2 + 3c2 = 0
8(a b)2 + 4(c d)2 + b2 + 3c2 = 0
a b = 0;
c d = 0;
a = b = c = d = 0:
b = 0;
c=0
.
2.2. : , .
| 239 |
. EF CD
Q (. . 182). BE = EC
( ), P BE = ECF ( k CD) BEP = CEF ,
BEP CEF .
DF Q CF E . , = EF = F Q.
, , F F AD. , , | P AF , AF | EAQ,
.
,
EF , .
P
K
O
. 182
D
. 182
F BD
K L (. .
182). BK = KL = LD. . , |
, = ,
K | , BK =
2OK . , L | D ,
DL = 2OL. , = OD,
. .
,
BD, .
BK =
= KL = LD | , .
.
, , , ,
( ) ,
| 240 |
10 , 2005/2006
, .
,
, .
, , :
360
(n N)

, n 3. , ,
45 ,
60 | .
2.3. : .
,
. , . ,
4, 4 = 2 2,
3 5 .
: 33 = 3 11,
34 = 2 17 35 = 5 7. :
85 = 5 17, 86 = 2 43 87 = 3 29; 93 = 3 31, 94 = 2 47 95 = 5 19.
, .
3.1. . , -
1
1
2 < 98 99 ; 1002 <
< 99 1100 . , k -
<
2 <
::: ;
99
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
k(k + 1) = k k + 1 . , 22 + 32 + : : : + 992 + 1002 <
1
1
2 <
=1
1
2
+: : :+
99
1
99
100
= 1 + +: : :+
1
98
1
99
1
99
1
100
99
, .
. , n > 2 1
1
1
1
: 2 + 2 + : : : + 2 < 1 .
100
1
98
100
.
1) n = 2
1
2 < 1 2.
1
2
n = k,
1
<
1
.
,
2 32
k
2
k2
1
1
1
1
n = k + 1. , 2 + 2 + : : : + 2 +
2<
2) ,
+:::+
<1 k +
1
k + 1)2
< 1 k + 1 ,
1
| 241 |
k + 1)2
< k(k + 1)
1
k + 1)
1
k k + 1.
,
n > 2.
n = 100.
, , .
f (x) = 12 [1; 100].

x
100
100
X
X
1
1
f (k) = (k (k 1))f (k).
+ 2+
2=
99
100
k=2
k=2

1
2 + 32 + : : : +
1
2

, y = f (x) (. . 183). [1; 100],
, S . ,
S=
100
f (x)dx =
100
100
x2 dx = x1
1
100
+1=
99
100
O
1
99 100
. 183
3.2. | . , , H | AQ BP ,
(. . 184, ; ).
= BQA = 90 , AQ BP .
| 242 |
10 , 2005/2006
, H . ,
, . 1 |
, X .
X1
X1
Q
P
. 184
. 184
. P 1 | CP H , (. . 184), 1 =
= 90 1 = 90 1 P = P AB . , P AB | . , 1 |
. , 1 Q |
.
. :
, , ,
, .

, , P , Q, 1 , O R | , (. . 184). 1 RO = 90 ,
1 O | , 1 O = 1 QO =
= 90 . , 1 1 Q | .
3.3. : 4.
17 18 19 20 21
16 15 14 13 22
. ,
9 10 11 12 23
,
8 1 2 3 24
| . 7 6 5 4 25
,
.
. 185
| 243 |
, , ,
2.
, ,
. 185 ( | ).
, , , ,
.
4.1. : , .
| , :
sin = cos = tg ;
+ + = ;
> 0; > 0; > 0:
sin > 0 0 < < , cos > 0 tg > 0, ,

| .

1) 0 < < , sin = cos , + =
2
. = tg
, .
2
2
6 < , sin = cos sin( ) = sin ,
2)
2
2

. ,
2
= + .
, =
2 = ctg 2 ,
tg = tg( ( + )) = tg
2

, ,
cos = ctg 2;
sin 2 cos = cos 2;

0 < <
0 < <
2
2
2 sin cos = 1 2 sin2 ;

2 sin3 2 sin2 2 sin + 1 = 0;

0 < <
0 < < :
2
2
sin = t, 2t3 2t2 2t + 1 = 0.

f (t) = 2t3 2t2 2t + 1, f (0) = 1 > 0; f (1) = 1 < 0,
(0; 1). , , ,
, .
| 244 |
10 , 2005/2006
,
= 2
+ , -.
, 2 ,

. sin cos 1; tg ,
2
, sin = cos < tg .

, 4
,
sin = cos
> tg .

sin x cos x | , tg x 0;
2
, -
sin = cos = tg , ,
. p
4.2. :
a2 + b2 2ab cos '

.
2 sin '
R=
ABCD: AD = a; BC = b; E |
. ,
CED = ' (. . 186).
C0
D
O
A
. 186
, |
BD. B D
, , ABCD, | ,
. ,
, 1 , .
, ,
DC1 = BC = b 1 DB = BD. ,
BDA . , 1 DA = 1 DB + BDA = BD +
| 245 |
+ = CED = ', CED |

. ADC1 : C1 A2 =
= DA2 + DC12 2DA DC1 C1 DA = a2 + b2 2abcos' = a2 + b2
C1 A
=
2ab cos '. , , R =
2 sin C1 DA
p
a2 + b2 2ab cos '
=
, R | .
2 sin '
' | D,
' 180 '.
4.3. :
, .
, f (x),
. g (x) = f (x) x ,
. ,
g (a) a. a | ,
f (a) = g (a) + a , .
a | , f (a) | ,
a = f (a) g(a) | .

, g (x) | (
), c. f (c) = g (c) + c = 2c, 2c ,
. f (x), , .
, , , ,
,
| .
f (x), , , - ,
. ,
- . ,
f (x) | . f (x) R,
, ,
f (x) = , .
5.1. : 3;
. 1)
6 (x2 + y 2 ), ,
2
, ,
1
0; 5.
xy 6
x2 + xy + y2
x = y = 1.
| 246 |
(x2 + y 2 ) 6 3.
10 , 2005/2006
2)
,
x2 + xy + y2
x=
>
1
2
(x2 + y 2 ) >
1
2
xy
> (x2 +
1
2
y2 ),
. ,
;y= .
2
. ,
[1; 2] (; ], x = a cos ; y = a sin . x2 + xy +
+ y 2 = a2 + a2 sin cos = a2 (1 + 0; 5 sin 2). 1 6 sin 2 6 1,
= 2,
= 4 3, = 1, = 4
0,5.
5.2. : = ab.
. ,
ABM = BMC , CD ,
BMC = DCM AMB = MDC (. . 187). ,
D | , BCM = 180
DCM DAB = 180 (ABM + MAB ) = AMB .
,
A
A
M
a
D
F
.187
. 187
, , D (
). ,
AM = BM , ,
BC
MC
DM
MC
BC = BM . , ,
AM DM = 1, 2 = ab.
BC BC
.
| F (.
| 247 |
. 187). : ABCF BCDE .

,
, = AF = DE .
, ,
CD, : DAF = F CD =
= ABE = ADE AF = ADC = AMB = DME .
AF M DME ( ), ,
AM = AF . , = AF = DE , : 2 = ab.
DE DM
5.3. :
, .
.
, | ,
, , (0; 1) (. .
188). ,

0+ 1+ 0
3
= .
3
y
B
O
A
. 188
, .
| ,
2n , n | .
, .
| 248 |
11
1998/1999
1.1. : 0.
x 2 cos(0;1x) 6
6 2, 2x + 2x > 2,
x = 0.
0, .
1.2. M K | B C
(. . 189). MK
1
M
K
, MK = (AD + BC ) =
2
R
r
1
= (AB + CD) = R + r: ,
2
A
D
, .
. 189
1.3. : .
, 444999 445000
39 13 .
2.1. : 2.
x
x 3 > 0, 5
16
1 = x , . f (x) =
3
x 3
5
16
=
1 , g (x) = x | ,
3
3
,
(, ).
2.2. : .
C
:
ABCDE , M
, MK , B
D
DE (. . 190). ABCMK
, ,
K
,
A
E
A, B C .
. 190
2.3. : 1; 2; 3; 6; 12; 24; 48; 96; 192; 384.
3.1. 1) , 0. ,
| , = 0, , 0
.
| 249 |
2) , | ,
. , : b2 ac < 0; c2 ab < 0 a2 bc < 0.
, :
a2 + b2 + c2 ab bc ac < 0 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 2ab 2bc 2ac < 0

(a b)2 +(b c)2 + (c a)2 < 0;
a, b c. ,
,
.
3.2. : ABC .
AK .
| ABE , AB = BE AK =
= KE (. . 191). PABC = AC + CE , PAKC = AC + CK + KE .
4CKE , : CK + KE >
> CE , , PABC < PAKC .
2
1
0
1
B
K
C
. 191
. 192
3.3. :
, .
, 0, |
1 (. . 192). , ,
.
, .
4.1. : 5.
x
3 1
f (x) = x
, 3 +1
R.
f (x) =
3x 1
1 3x
=
= f (x);
x
3 +1
1 + 3x
| 250 |
11 , 1998/1999
| . ,
3
3
f (x) dx = 0.
log3 (2x 7) = 6 x; ,
y = log3 (2x 7) | , y =
= 6 x | . ,
, .
4.2. : , .
,
, A, AB ,
A 999
ak bk , k = 1; 2; : : : ; 999. , , i bj ,
(AB ), AB k |
bk .
4.3. x 5x | , . ,
9,
9
9. , 5x x = 4x 9,
4 9 | , x 9,
.

1
5.1. :
; 3 .
2
,
|x| 6 1 |y
| 6 1. , | sin = x | sin = y . ,
0 6 1 x2 6 1, sin > 0. sin > 0.
:
(
sin + | cos | = 1;
sin + | cos | = 3:
.
,
-:
sin2 + 2 sin | cos | + cos2 + sin2 + 2| cos | sin + cos2 = 4
sin | cos |+| cos | sin = 1:
cos cos : sin( ) = 1,

= + n, n Z. , | cos | = | sin | = sin ,
2
sin > 0.
, ,
sin = | cos | =
1
2
sin = | cos | =
3
2
| 251 |
.
y
,
3 B
1 A(1; 0) B (0; 3)
(. . 193). |AB | =
q
A
2
x
1
O
= (1 0) + (0 3)2 = 2,

, . 193
,
. AB 1 : 3.
5.2. O ,
.
.
| ,
O, , , O |
. , , , .
5.3. : 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13; 14; 15. . .
, d N ,
, d.
1999/2000
1.1. : 0,5.
,
, , :
cos 36 cos 18 sin 18 cos 18

=
cos 18
0;5 cos 18 + 0;5 cos 54 0;5 sin 36
0;5 cos 18
=
= 0;5:
=
cos 18
cos 18
cos 36 sin 18 =
1.2. :
3,5 .
, ,
, , , 7 . 42 + 52 < 72 ,
| . ,
,
.
| 252 |
11 , 1999/2000
, , ,
, 7 ,
, .
1.3. , 1999 = 199915 : 199914 = (19993 )5 : (19992 )7 .
2 6.
:
2.1. :
x+1
x+1

1
+
x+2

1
+
x+2
1
x+3
x+3
1
x+4
= 2;
1
1
x x + 4 = 2, x 6= 1; 2; 3. , x2 + 4x 2 = 0,
.
C
2.2. : 4;5.
B
S2
, , S1 , S2 , S3 , S4
S3
S1 O
(. . 194),
| r1 , r2 , r3 r4 .
S4
D
,
A
: S =
. 194
0;5ab sin sin(180 ) =
= sin , , S1 S3 = S2 S4 . ,
. , ,
3 6
r r
, r4 = 1 3 =
= 4;5.
r2
2.3. :
108 .
, , (.
. 195). : x = a + b + c |
, ; y = d + e + f | , .
(
( :
3g = 2x;
2y + 2g = x + y + g;
)
;
3g = x + y + g
g = 2y
| 253 |
a
d
e
g
f
c
. 195
a + d + e + g = 100;
) b + e + f + g = 50;
c + d + g + f = 48
x + 2y + 3g = 198,
g = 36,
x = 54, y = 18.
3.1. :
2 (. 9 , 1998/1999 , 5.3.).
, . , c (. . 196), F
c d. , F
,
c.
,
d, d

, , .
. 196
3.3. : x = k , k Z.
tg x = n, tg 2x = m, ,
2n
2n
= m.
, :
2 =m
3.2.
(n; n 1) = 1, , ,
,
,
n 1)(n + 1)
m ,
2
,
n2 1
n2 = 0. , m = n = 0.
4.1. :
.
f () . : 1 = f (12 ) = f ((1)2 ) = 1. .
4.2. :
S.
ABCD | , A1 B1 C1 D1 | , ( )
(. . 197).
, , ,

, |
1
2
(, C1 A1 k MN k AC C1 A1 = MN = AC ). ,
3
| 254 |
11 , 1999/2000
A1 B1 C1 D1
1
ABCD . 3
,
1
A1 B1 C1 D1 S .
9
B1
A1
C1
A
C
D1
M
B
. 197
n = 0 n = 1.
, n = 0 n = 1
. , n, , . n, n = 1,
(n 1)2 < n2 n + 1 < n2 ,
n n2 n + 1 .
, n
(n 1)2 > n2 n + 1 > n2 , n n2 n + 1

q .
4.3. :
, f () = 7 sin8 (x). , x R f 0 (x) =

p
8 7
=
sin(x) cos(x), a f 0 (x)
5.1.
, , x , sin(x) 6= 0 x 6= n; n
Zx
= Z.
5.2. n-
2 (n 2), k
, 0 < k < . , k k > 0. sin = sin( ), sin x < x, x > 0,
| 255 |
n
P
n
P
n
P
( k ) = n (n 2) = 2 ,
k=1
k=1
k=1
.
5.3. : , .
xn = a1 : : : at | ,
d = b1 : : : bk . , ,
xs = xn + d 10t = b1 : : : bk a1 : : : at xp = xn + d 10t+1 = b1 : : : bk 0a1 : : : at
.
:
sin k =
sin( k ) <
2000/2001
x = y = 1; z = 2 + n, n Z.
, x > 0 y > 0. ,
1.1. :
, :
x + y > 2xy = 2. z R , cos2 z > 0,
, x + y = 2 cos z = 0.
1.2. : , .
(. . 198). ,
:
1) , | .
, . .
2)
. 198
.
. .
1.3. : 4000.
2000 < n < 2001 20002 < n < (2000 + 1)2 20002 < n <
< 20002 + 2 2000 + 1.
2.1. : .
x2 5x 4 x + 13 = 0 (x2 6x + 9) + (x 4 x + 4) = 0
(
x = 3;
2
2
(x 3) + ( x 2) =0
x = 4:
, .
| 256 |
11 , 2000/2001
2R .
N
O

, | , B
, ( M
).
K N
; M |
C
K
A
(. . 199).
.
199
C = 90 , OK AC , ON BC OK =
= ON = R, CKON | . ,
, , AK = AM
BN = BM . , P4ABC = AC + BC + AB = AC + AM + BC + BM =
= (AC + AK ) + (BC + BN ) = CK + CN = 2R.
2.3. : , .
: , , . ax3 + bx2 + bx + a = 0 a b
: 1.
, ax3 +
+ bx2 + cx + d = 0 1, a + b + c + d = 0.
, , ,
. ,
, : ax3 ax2 + bx b = 0.
3.1. : (x) =
y
= (x 2)3 + 1. , (x)
y = x3 m(2; 1) (. . 200).
(0; 0) y = x3 , 1
M (2; 1) | (x).
x
O
2
, (x) ,
, , . 200
, y = x 1.
, , (x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d,
2.2. :
x0 = 3ba . -
,
, ,
| 257 |

y = x3 : ( ) x,
(0; 0) ,
.
3.2. : Qh.
1 C1 K (. . 201). , C1 K = h; : CC1 = H .
((1 ); (ABC )) = ((CC1 ); (C1 K )) = ',
, . VABCA1 B1 C1 = SABC H = (SA1 BC cos ') (h : cos ') = Qh.
A1
B1
C1
B
C
. 201
: , ,

A1 C1 BC , A1 C1 BB1 A1 ABC ,
1
Qh.
3
3.3. : n = 9k , k N.
, 63, ,
7 9. A (1+3)n = 4n;
(4; 9) = 1, , A 9 , n
9. 131313 7,
: ababab =
= 10101 ab = 3 7 13 37 ab. , n = 9k , k N.
4.1. : = 0.
, , (x0 ; y0 ) ,
(x0 ; y0 ) . , , , x = 0.
, , y = 1, ,
, = 0 = 2 .
1 ,
| 258 |
11 , 2000/2001
.
1) = 0 :
(
2|x| + |x| x2 = y;
x2 + y2 = 1:
, |x| 6 1 |y | 6 1. x [1; 1]
|x| x2 = |x|(1 |x|) > 0, 2|x| > 1,
, y > 1. , y = 1, x = 0, ,
.
2) = 2 :
(
2|x| + |x| x2 2 = y;
x2 + y2 = 1:
(0; 1) : (1; 0) (1; 0).

, , , . , = 2 .
4.2. : .
. ABC1 D1 , AB (. . 202). 1 |
AC1 BD1 | .
. F BC AD , , BC : AD = C1 C :
: D1 D, , F
D1 DCC1 . , CF E = D1 F E1 = DF E = .
C1
E1
D1
B
F
C
E
. 202
. EDA F BC AD ,
BC : AD = BF : AF . ,
CBF DAF , , CF E = BCF = ADF = DF E = .
| 259 |
4.3. :
n3 .
n n . 1 + (n 1)
(n 1) =
: 1 + : : : + (n 1) =
2

n(n 1)
2
. ,
n(n 1)
2
k 1)
1 + (2
n(n + 1)
2
. k :
n(n + 1) 2 n(n 1) 2
=
k = k 2 . , S =
n2 2n 2 = n3 .
=
4
2

.
5.1. : 720.
, :
0 (x) = (x 3)(x 2)(x 1)x(x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)(x + 4)+

+ (x 4)(x 2)(x 1)x(x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)(x + 4) + : : : +
+ (x 4)(x 3)(x 2)(x 1)x(x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3):
8
8
8
X
X
X
((x) =
ak xk , 0 (1) = ak , 0 (1) = (1)k ak .
k=0
k=0
k=0
,
1
1 0
(P (1) + P 0 (1)) = (3 (2) (1) 1 2 3 4 5+
2
2
+ (5) (4) (3) (2) (1) (1 2 3) = 6 5! = 6! = 720:
MAB = 80 , MAC = 70 .

M (. . 203).
B ,
MB = MC = 180 (C +
+ B ) = 150 . M | , 4ABC . , MAB = MBA = 20 + 60 = 80 ,
MAC = MCA = 10 + 60 = 70 .
5.2. :
| 260 |
M
. 203
11 , 2001/2002
5.3. : arcsin(arccos m) > arccos(arcsin m) ( m).
,
m, .
h
i , , < 1, sin 1 >
0;
>
sin
4
2 = cos > cos 1. , 0 < cos
1 < m < sin 1 < 1.
4
4
y = arcsin x [1; 1], arcsin(cos 1) <

< arcsin m < arcsin(sin 1) 2 arccos(cos 1) < arcsin m < 1 2 1 <
< arcsin m < 1.
, y = arccos x [1; 1],

arccos(sin 1) < arccos m < arccos(cos 1) arcsin(sin 1) < arccos m <
< 1 2 1 < arccos m < 1.
,
x (0; 1) arcsin
x >x. (
sin x < x x 0;
2
). , arcsin m > m, , arccos(arcsin m) < arccos m,

| .
x = arccos m, , arcsin(arccos m) > arccos m. ,
arcsin(arccos m) > arccos(arcsin m).
2001/2002
1.1. :
S = 1 + 34 .
, , , |x| 6 1
|y | 6 1. x 6 0 y 6 0, , ,
,
x2 + y 2 6 1. , , . 204.
y
y
1
. 204a
. 204
| 261 |
. 204

(. . 204 204 ), , . 204.
,
.
1.2. : .
( ) .
,
, 9 5 = 45, . 45 | ,
.
, , ( ,
).
1.3. , , 0, . n

,
: n = n ( n) 1 (1).
, ,
. : (x) (y ) (x + y ),
x y | . 30 ,
, : 30 = (2) (3) 5.
, a
:
r r r
a= 3 a 3 a 23 a :
2
2.1. , , g (x) = f (x) sin x h(x) =

= f (x) cos x. , g (x) sin x + h(x) cos x = f (x)(sin2 x + cos2 x) = f (x),
.
: g (x) =
, sin x 6= 0 cos x 6= 0.
f (x)
f (x)
x ; h(x) = 2 cos x
2 sin
f (x)
x , g (x) | .
f (x)
, cos x = 0, g (x) =
, h(x) | .
sin x
, sin x = 0 h(x) =
cos
: , f (x) g (x) h(x)
| 262 |
11 , 2001/2002
, f (x) = g (x) p(x) + h(x) r (x), p(x) r (x) | , R,
.
2.2. : .
ABCDE : AB = 4 , BC = 6 , CD =
= 8 , DE = 7 , EA = 9 . , ,
: K , L, M , N P (. . 205). , : AP = AK = x,
BK = BL = 4 x, CL = CM = 6 (4 x) =
B
= x + 2, DM = DN = 8 (x + 2) = 6 x
K
EN = EP = 7 (6 x) = x + 1. A
L
AP + P E = AE , x + (x + 1) = 9 x = 4. K B , ,
C
P
AB BC
B , , AB BC
M
OB , .
N D
E
.
. 205
2.3. : (2; 2; 5).
x y : xy > 4,
2 | . , z > 5, ,
z , , xy | , ,
= 2. y = 2, z = 5, , (2; 2; 5) |
. y > 2, y | , ,
1 + 2y ,
: 1 + 2y = 22+1 + 1 = (2 + 1) (22 221 + 222 : : : + 1),
, .
22+1 + 1 , , 3
2.
1
3.1. :
3 .
1+
x3 + x2 + x = 31 3x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 = 0 x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 =
1
3
= 2x3 (x + 1)3 = 2x3 x + 1 = 2x x =

3 :
1+
3.2. :
.
ML; P |
ML CN (. . 206). LP P M | 2
| 263 |
BCN ACN x
. CN = x, CP = , P K =
= CK CP =
BN
2
3
x x2
x. PL = PM =
6
=
= . 2
4
: LP MP = KP CP ,
3
a a x x
, = x2 = a2 x =
=
3
2
L
N
K
P
. 206
ABCD,
D

EF GH (.
G
. 207).
F
E
, ,
8 , 12 6 ,
C
H
A
.
B
4.1. : , .
. 207
, ,
P (x) = 1 (x + 1)(x + 2) : : : (x + 2001),
3.3.
2001
1
2001
(x + 1) (x + 2) : : : (x + 2001) 2001, 2001

2001. , P (x)
.
B
4.2.
K , 11
AB 7 : 11,
K
N
A, L, O
7
CA 11 : 13,
C
C (. . 208). O | A
13
11
L
CK BL.
. 208
, O | . , ACK BCK ,
, :
SACK : SBCK = AK : BK . ,
SAOK : SBOK = AK : BK .

a = c a c = a : S

AO :
b d
bd b
SBO = AK : BK = 7 : 11.
| 264 |
11 , 2001/2002
,
L, , SBO : SAO = CL : AL = 11 : 13. , SAO : SBO : SAO = 7 : 11 : 13,
.
, O
13 : 7, .
,
. P Q,
E , p : q , p q | ,
F , P Q.
,
, SP F M : SQF M = p : q EF
( E F ).
, ,
, K , N L , AK : BK = 7 : 11;
BN : CN = 13 : 7; CL : AL = 11 : 13. , ,
AN , BL CK , .
4.3. : , .
1 100 101 50. , 1 100 ,
, . , = 102, = 203 , = 304z ,
, y z | . ,
AL
101 50 = + + = 102 + 203 + 304z = 101( + 2 + 3z ) + ( + + z ):

, ( + + z ) 101,
, + + z > 101. , + 2 + 3z > + + z > 101,
, 101( + 2 + 3z ) > 101 50.
, 1
100 .
3
5.1. : (1; 1); (2; 2).
.
. , (0; 0)
3
x +
. y 6 , :
2
+
y
x = y 2 + y . f (t) = t3 + t | ,
y3
,
x
, 2 = y , , x = y 3 .
| 265 |
.
: x3 y 9 + y 4 (x y 3 ) = 0.
, :
"
x = y3 ;
3
2
3
6
4
(x y ) (x + xy + y + y ) = 0
x2 + y3 x + (y6 + y4 ) = 0:
x. : D = 3y 6 4y 4 = y 4 (3y 2 +4).
D > 0 , y = 0, , x = 0,
. , x = y 3 .
y 3 = x ,
2
x + x 2 = 0,
1 2.
y : y = 1 y = 3 2.
5.2. : 4.
P
(.
. 209). ,
K
, , . ,
D
S4ABC + SAKMB + SBMDC + SCDKA
M
= m,
S4P KM + S4P MD + S4P DK
A
m | .
C

O
S ,
B
. SP KM =
=
1
2
2
3
1
3
1
4
S , SP MD = SP DK =
. 209
( ,
S = 0; 5ab sin ). P O
.
: SABO =
SBCO = SCAO = S cos , , SABC = 3S cos . ,
:
S cos + 43 S + 23 S + 23 S
1
4
S+3S+3S
1
3 cos
25
+ 12
11
25 + 36 cos
11
12
| , 0 < cos < 1, ,

| 266 |
11 , 2002/2003

3
6
2 ;5
, ,
11
11
, 4.

1 6 cos 6 1,
h
i
6
,
1; 5
11
, 4.
5.3. : , .
, (10n +1)3 10k , n N, 1 6 n 6 2001; k = 6004 (3n +1).
. . (10n + 1)3 =
= 103n +3 102n +3 10n +1 = 10 : : : 030 : : : 030 : : : 1 | ,
| (3n + 1) .
n 1 2001 k = 6004 (3n + 1).
k = 6004 (3n + 1) = 6003 3n = 3(2001 n) |
3, ,
.
2002/2003
1.1. :
, 1.
x3 + 2x2 x + 2 = 2x2 1+ 3 , ,
x+1
x+1
2
|a + b| 6 |a| + |b|, ,
x,
. ,
x x = 1.
1.2. | , AD E | (. . 210). = 60 , DOE =
BAC + BCA
= AOC = 180
=
2
= 120 . DOE + DBE = 180 ,
BDOE | . |
, , | ,
ED .
, OD = OE ,
.
1.3. : , .
| 267 |
D
O
C
. 210
f (x)
(
=
1
x ; x 6= 0; -
0; x = 0
, f (f (x)) = x | .
2.1. : (0; 2002).
(
x + x = (y 2002)2 ;
y > 2002:
, x | , t = x | .
t2 + t (y 2002)2 = 0. ,
, , D = 1 + 4(y 2002)2
. , ,
y ,
,
(y 2002)2 = 0 y = 2002. t = 0 t = 1, , x = 0.
2.2. :
a2 + b2 .
A
2
D M , N ,
P
Q | , BD,
AD (. . 211).
M
D
MQ | 4ABC , MQ k AB
N
a
a
MQ = . , NP k AB NP = .
2
2
B
, MNP Q | ,
b
Q
MP = QN = . 2
C
. 211
, , MN 2 +
2 2
a + b
a2 + b2 .
+ P Q2 = MQ2 + MP 2 + P N 2 + NQ2 = 2
=
2
2.3. :
0.
2002! 11. , 11 , :
, 11.
, , ,
11, . , ,
, 11.
, 11, | 0.
3.1. , , y x
z : y = 5 z x . ,
x(5 z x) + z (5 z x) + zx = 8.
z x:
| 268 |
11 , 2002/2003
z 2 + (x 5) z + (x2 5x + 8) = 0. ,
D = (x 5)2 4(x2 5x + 8) = 3x2 + 10x 7 > 0.
7
, , 1 6 x 6 ,
3
.
3.2. : 1.
, , .
, A1 A2 A3 A4 | . 144 , | 144 36 .
: .
. A1 ,
A2
A3
A3 A4 | (. . 212). K | A1
A4
K
A1 A4 3 .
36 ,
, 3 A4 = 4 A3 = 72 .
, OKA4
O
K4 A3 | , ,
A1 A4 A1 A2 = A1 A4 A4 K = A1 K .
1 A4 = 4 A1 = 36 ;
OKA1 = 72 , OA1 K |
, A1 K =
. 212
= A1 O = 1.
A2 a A3
. A1 A2 = a,
a
a
, A1 A2 A3 A4
36
A2 K 3 H , ,
a H
K
A4
A1 A4 = a + 2a cos 36 (. . 212). A1
, A1 A4 A1 A2 = (a+2a cos 36 )
. 212
a = 2a cos 36 . an = 2R sin
n , n- ,
, a = 2 sin 18 , 2a cos 36 = 2 cos 36 2 sin 18 =
180
2 cos 36
2 sin 18 cos 18
cos 18
3.3. :
2 cos 36
sin 36
cos 18
sin 72
cos 18
= 1.
, .
1 , 2 , : : : , 100 | . - M K .
4i MK , | 269 |
, i , i = 1; 2; : : : ; 100, ,
Ai M + Ai K > MK = 2.
,
M K , 200. , M K

.
4.1. : 0; 2.
.
(
:
y3 + y = 3x;
x3 + x = 3y:
x3 + x , 3
, :
(y x) (y 2 + xy + x2 ) + y x = 3(x y )
(y x) (y 2 + xy + x2 + 4) = 0
"
y = x;
y2 + xy + x2 = 4:

x3 + x = 3x,
0 2. y 2 + xy + x2 = 4 ,
.
, ,
x = 0 , , x 6= 0
y 6= 0
.
.
x3 + x 3 + x3 + x
3
= x:
3
f (f (x)) = x, f (x) = x 3+ x .
x f (x) = f 1 (x) ,
f (f (x)) =
, f (x) . , ,
y = x, , f (x)
( ),
. ,
f (x) = x,
, 0 2.
| 270 |
11 , 2002/2003
, f (x).
,
,
y = x. ,
x
y = 16 ;
y = log
16
1
2
1
4
, ,
!
4.2. : 9 3 2 .

B
,
D AD =
DC (. . 213).
C
D DC
. B
A
B 0 , ,
D
ABD
CB 0 D. D | ,
BCD + BAD = 180 ,
B0
B , C B 0 . 213
. ,
0
D BDB | .
BDB 0 : DB 0 = DB = 6 ; B 0 = B = 30 , SABCD = S4BDB0 =
1
= BD B 0 D sin 120 = 9 3.
4
x;
(t; t) :
4.3. :
1
720
1
360
1
240
1
180
1
144
1
120
a a + d ; a1 + 2 d ; : : : ;
1 ; 1
P
P
P
a1 + (n 1) d
, P
d
. ,
P
| 271 |
,
.
1 = d = 1, : 1, 2, : : : ,
n 1. , , n , , = n!
1
2
3
4
5
6
: ; ; ; ;
.
6!
6!
6!
5.1. :
6!
6!+ 6!
n, n Z .
4
:
sin2001 x
1
1
2001
2003 x = cos x cos2003 x :
sin
, x | sin x = 1 , sin x = 1, cos x = 1,

. , x | cos x = 1
.
1
f (t) = t2001 2003 , t (1; 0) (0; 1).

t f 0 (t)
= 2001t2000 +
2003
> 0,
t2004
(1; 0) (0; 1) f (t) . ,

t (0; 1) ,
t (1; 0) | , f (t)
f (t)
. , f (t)
. ,
, f (sin x) = f (cos x) , sin x = cos x tg x = 1 x =

= + n, n | .
4
S
K
5.2. : 0; 5V .
SABCD |
(. . 214). SK ,
.
SKCB | , KC = SB . SKDA | B
C
, SA = KD.
, 4SK = 4SB ; 4SKD =
A
D
= 4SAD; 4KD = 4SBA, . 214
, SKCD |
. VSKCD = VSBCD , (4SKC =
= 4SBC ), , D,
. VSBCD = 0; 5V , VSKCD = 0; 5V .
| 272 |
11 , 2002/2003
, ,
, ,
, . , ,
SCD ,
.
| 7;
| 21.
4a + 1 = x > 0; 4b + 1 = y > 0; 4c + 1 = z > 0. ,
, x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 4(a + b + c) + 3 = 7. S = x + y + z
x, y z . :
.
. 1) S 2 = (x + y + z )2 = x2 + y 2 + z 2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2xz =
= 7+2(xy + yz + xz ) > 7,
xy + yz + xz > 0. ,
, x = y = 0; z = 7. ,

S , , , 7 (, = b =
= 0; 25; c = 1; 5).
2)
r
r
2 + y2 + z2
x
+ y + z
x
7
, :
6
=
=
5.3. :
21
3
, ,
x = y = z . ,

S , ,

1
, 21 = b = c =
.
3
2
2
2
. x + y + z = 7
O (0; 0; 0) ,
7. , , , S : 1) ;
2) . P (x; y ; z ),
.
1) OP , , , OP = OA + OB + OC , OP (x; y ; z ), OA(x; 0; 0),
OB (0; y; 0), OC (0; 0; z ). |OP | = |OA + OB + OC | 6 |OA| + |OB | + |OC |,
, OA, OB OC
, , ,
| . , S

7.
| 273 |
2) : OP (x; y ; z ) e(1; 1; 1).

S OP e, ,
|OP | = 7,
|e| = 3. S = OP e = |OP | |e| cos (OP ; e) 6
6 |OP | |e| = 21, 21.
, OP e
, , x = y = z: , S
, ,
21.
, , , :
, | .
2003/2004
1.1. :
1.
, xy 6= 0 x2 5xy +
2
+ 6y = 0. x,
, x = 2y x = 3y .
.
x = 2y, 2 xy 2 = 22y y 2
x 6y
4y 6y
xy = 3y y = 3y2 = 1.
x2 6y2 9y2 6y2 3y2
y2 = 1; x = 3y ,
2y 2
6= 0.
x
y
2
: 2
=
x +6
y
t2 5t + 6 =
xy =
2 3. , 2
x 6y2
1.2. :
1
5
x , y
0,
t = 1.
2
, .
, .
, | 1 6. , ,
, 7. ,
7. ,
| 1 11.
,

,
, 7 2. 1 + 7 2 < 11,
, ,
.
| 274 |
11 , 2003/2004
1.3. , . . ,
, .

. ,
,
.
2.1. : , .
.
(
2; x 6= 1;
1) f (x) =
x = 1,
3; x = 1:
f (f (x)) = 2 x, f (f (x))
R.
(1
; x 6= 0
x = 0,
2) f (x) = x
0; x = 0:
f (f (x)) = x x, f (f (x))
R.
(
1; x Q;
3) : f (x) =

0; x
= Q:
! f (f (x)) = 1 x,
f (f (x)) | R.
2.2. : 19; 2 .
. = , BD = ABD = 90
(. . 215). R1 R2 | ,
C DC . ,
4 : C = 2R1 sin . , 4D:
CD = 2R2 sin(90 ) = 2R2 cos . C = CD = a, tg = R2 .
: tg =
a = 4; 8 (); ABCD = 19; 2 ().
4
3
; cos
R1
3
= ;
2
5
1 + tg
= p
a2
4
1
+
= 1, , a =
R12 R22
1
sin2 =
R1 R2 .
R12 + R22
| 275 |
a2 ; cos2 = a2 ;
2
2
4R1
4R2
D
. 215
.
S4ABC
1
2
SABCD .
abc , a, b c | ; R |
4R
BD = R2 , tg = R2 .
.
AC R1
R1
: S4 =
.
2.3. : n = 5.
n(n 1)(n + 1) = n(n 1)(n 2)
(n3) : : : 21. n = 1 ,
n(n 1). , n + 1 = (n 2)(n 3) : : : 2 1.
n, n = 2,
, n = 5.
n > 5 , n + 1 < 2n 4 = 2(n 2), n + 1 < (n 2) 2 <
< (n 2)(n 3) : : : 2 1,
.
3.1. : 0; 1.
t = 12 x > 0, t2 = 6 x t3 = 4 x.
t
t3
2
2 +2
:
= 2t .
2
-
t + 2t3
| 276 |
t3
t + t3
:
> 2t 2 = 2 2
>
2
2
t
t3
t
= 2 , ,
>2
t = t3 . , t > 0, , t = 0 t = 1, , x = 0
x = 1.
, 2
11 , 2003/2004
3.2. .
B
D

ABDC CD
L
CN = BL (. . 216). KBL NCL ,
LN = KL, , AKNC |
K
N
, , = KN .

A
C
4KLN , KL + LN > KN ,
1
.
216a
, KL >
AC ,
2
.
. DE |
. KL DE , KL = 1 AC .
2
KP LQ, (. . 216).
= P = BL = BQ, DE |
KP LQ. LN | , KL >
> KN = DE = 21 AC . , KL > 12 AC ,
.
B
Q
P
N
A HM
C
. 216
. 216
. KM k BC (. . 216), 4AKM |
, , KM = AK = BL. , KMLB |
, , ML k AB ML = KB = LC .
KH LT AKM MLC
. , HT =
1
= AC , HT 6 KL, HT |
2
KL
AC .
KL
| 277 |
>
1
2
AC ,
. KH LT | (. . 216), HT 6 KL. BAC = BCA = ,

AH = AK cos , CT = CL cos . , AH + CT =
1
1
= (AK + CL) cos = AB cos = AC , , HT = AC .
2
KL > 12 AC , .
3.3. :
, .
- .
,
: 1) ; 2) ; 3)
. ,
,
.

: 1) > > ; 2) >
< ; 3) < > ; 4) < < ( | ,
).

,
. ,
4, 150 4 .
.
, | 180.
222 .
1 + tg = tg 45 + tg =
4.1. :
sin 46
cos 1
cos 45
1 + tg 44 =
1+tg 2 =
sin 89
cos 2
cos 45
cos
, : : : , 1+tg 43 =
sin 88
cos 44
cos 45
. , (1 + tg 1 )(1 + tg 2 ) : : :
cos 45
sin
46 sin 47 : : : sin 89
(1 + tg 44 ) =
44 : , cos =
cos 1 cos 2 : : : cos 44 (cos 45 )
cos 44
sin 47
+ )
, 1 + tg 1 =
cos 45
sin(45
= sin(90 ), : sin 89 = cos 1 , sin 88 = cos 2 ,
: : : , sin 46 =
1
= cos 44 , , :
44 =
(cos 45 )
44
= ( 2) = 222 .
4.2. : , s
2Rr
R + r.
| 278 |
11 , 2003/2004
| ; P T |
(. . 217).

, . , AM : MB = r : R
(
AP M BT M ).
P
A
r M
M
s
TT
. 217
, s . A y = r;
R yA + r yB =
B | y = R. yM =
yA + yB
2Rr
=
, , ( -
R+r
). , ,
s y .

B
M
. AD s (. . 217).
A
BD
O
D .
D
K
C
K
MK ,
. 217
,
, , MK =
2Rr
=
R + r . , MK s AM : MB = AO : OC = AD : BC = r : R,
, | , .
4.3. : , .
,
- .
:
1) 5 49 .
: 54 51 . .
| 279 |
3 2 , ,
. ,
.
2) 5 51 . :
56 49 . . ,
,
.
3) 49 51 . : 100
5 . ,
.
5.1. : 0; 2; 4.
x3 + y 3 + z 3 3xyz : x3 + y 3 + z 3 3xyz = (x + y )(x2 xy + y 2 ) + z 3 3xyz = (x + y )((x +
+ y )2 3xy )+ z 3 3xyz = (x + y )3 + z 3 3xy (x + y ) 3xyz = (x + y + z )((x +
+ y )2 (x + y )z + z 2 ) 3xy (x + y + z ) = (x + y + z )(x2 + y 2 + z 2 xy yz zx).
,
, , x2 + y 2 + z 2 > xy + yz + zx,
, x = y = z .
, : 1) x2 + y 2 +
2
+ z xy yz zx = 0; 5(2x2 +2y 2 +2z 2 2xy 2yz 2zx) = 0; 5((x y )2 +
+(y z )2 +(z x)2 ) > 0; 2) :
y2 + z 2 > yz ; z 2 + x2 > zx .
2
2
x2 + y2 > xy ;
2
x = a, y = b, z = c, a3 b3 c3 3abc = (a b c)(a2 +
2
+ b + c2 + ab bc + ca). , 3 b3 c3 = 3abc
a = b + c = b = c. 2 = 2(b + c)
, a2 = 2a a = 0 a = 2,
: a2 = 4a a = 0 a = 4.
, x3 + y 3 + z 3 3xyz = (x + y +
+ z )(x2 + y 2 + z 2 xy yz zx) ,
: . ,
, , : u = b + c, v = bc.
b3 + c3 = (b + c) (b2 bc + c2 ) = (b + c) ((b + c)2 3bc),
: a3 (u3 3uv ) = 3av (a u) (a2 + au + u2 ) + 3v (u a) =
= 0 (a u) (a2 + au + u2 3v ) = 0. ,
| 280 |
11 , 2003/2004
, (a b c) (a2 + b2 + c2 + ab bc + ca) = 0.
.
5.2. : 90 ; | 45
135 .

DA1 B1 C1 D1 D.
D,
A1 B1 C1 D1 , , AA1 , BB1 , CC1 DD1 . , 1 1 , 1 1 ,
1 D1 D DD1 A1 A (. . 218).
B1
C1
C
B
Q
A1
D1
P
A
D
. 218
P QD1 D | AA1 D1 D. SP QD1 D =

= DP AA1 = (AD + AB cos P AB ) AA1 . P AB = P DC = |
ABCD, ABB1 A1 A1 D1 D.
1 1 1 D1 D ,
1 D1 D ,
(CD + BC cos ) CC1 .
, 1; 5AD AA1
2CD CC1 . : AD = a; AB = CD = b; AA1 = CC1 = c.
:
(
(a + b cos ) c = 1; 5ac;
(b + a cos ) c = 2bc:
b cos = 0; 5a;
a cos = b:
, : cos2 = , ,
1
| 281 |
= 45 .
, , , ,

, D
AD CD .
5.3. : .
n

, , : n = p
1 1 p2 2 : : : pk k , 1 +
+ 2 + : : : + k 6 6. ,
2,
6, 26 = 64 < 100, 27 = 128 > 100.
m . m100
n1 , n2 , : : : , n16 , ,
m100 ,
m100
, .
n1 n2 : : : n16
,
16 6 = 96 < 100. , m100 n1 n2 : : : n16 ,
.
2004/2005
1.1. : (0; 0):
: 2|x| + lg(1 + x2 + |y |) = cos y .
2|x| > 20 = 1 lg(1 + x2 + |y |) > lg 1 = 0, , 2|x| + lg(1 + x2 + |y |) > 1.
cos y 6 1, :
(
2|x| + lg(1 + x2 + |y |) = 1;
cos y = 1;
, . , x = 0; y = 0.
1.2. : 4.
AC (. . 219).
| .
1
, SAEC = SABC . , F | 3
SAECF
D ,
= (SABC + SADC ) =
1
SAF C
SABCD = 4.
| 282 |
1
3
SADC .
11 , 2004/2005
B
K
M
E
C
F
D
. 219
1.3. :
d=
+b+c+d =
1
4
1 b c, ,
1. ,
1
4
1
4
, ,
M >
1
4
a+
a + b + c + d > 1 | .
=b=c=d=
2.1. :
1
4
(1; 0); (1; 8); (1; 4); (1; 4).

|x + 2| + |y 2| = 4
(2; 2) (. . 220).
, : y = x; y = x + 8;
y = x 4; y = x + 4.
,
.
y
M
2
2
2 x
. 220
, , y = kx + b
. , k = 1; b = 0
k = 1; b = 8 k = 1; b = 4 k = 1; b = 4.
| 283 |
2.2. :
, .
, D, D (. . 221),
D, ,
DABC (. . 221).
D
A
C
B
. 221a
. 221
, , ,
,
.
2.3. . m | , 3,
3. m = 3, m2 + 2 = 11, m3 + 2 = 29,
| . m 3,
3 1, 2.
m2 3 1, m2 +2 3. |
, 3, m = 1 | ,
.
. m | m > 3, m = 6k 1,
k N. m2 + 2 = 36k2 12k + 3, m2 + 2 3.
, .
: 1) m = 2, m2 + 2 = 6 | ; 2) m = 3,
m2 + 2 = 11 | , m3 + 2 = 29 | .
,
m. .
3.1. : 3.
f (t) = t3 3t2 , x, y z |
f (t) = a, a | . ,
.
| 284 |
11 , 2004/2005
f (t)
. f 0 (t) = 3t2 6t = 3t(t 2), t = 0
t = 2 | ; f (0) = 0; f (2) = 4.
, (. . 22).
(4; 0) ,
. x + y + z
t3 3t2 = 0 3.
. 222
, . c t: t3 3t2 =
= (t x)(t y )(t z ),
.
, , , , , - | .
3.2. . , BMA =
= MA + MA = 60 .
AM ME , BM , D,
, AC (. .
223). DM = BM = EM DMA = BMA = 60 = DMC =
= EMC . , | DME ,
D .
: AE = 80 = AEC , AC = AE = +
+ E = + , .
| 285 |
B
E
M
A
A
. 223a
. 223
.
F , AF = AM (. . 223). AF M =
= AMF = 80 . ABM + AF M = 180 , F .
F , .
, MF C : MF C = 100 ; MCF = 40 ,
MF = 40 . , F = F C . ,
+ = + F = F + F C = AC , .
3.3. : , .
, , 39- , .
, 39-
. | ,
180 37, (180 4) 9 = 180 36.
4.1. : 2.
, x < 0 ,
, .
5
4
3
x > 0, : 2x + 22x + 232 = 3 24x .
a+b+c >
:
3
> 3 abc, a = b = c. :
x5 + 22x4 + 232
>
2x5 22x4 232 = 2
x5 + 2x4 + 32
3
3 5
3
4
> 2 x 2x 32 = 24x :
, x,
. , x5 =
= 2x4 = 32 x = 2.
4.2. : 60 .
| 286 |
11 , 2004/2005
DA0 B 0 C 0 D0 | ; AA0 C 0 C
AB 0 C 0 D | ; ' | (. . 224). ,
Q Q0 .
AB 0 C 0 D AA0 C 0 AQ0 C 0 Q. : SAQ0 C 0 Q =
= SAB 0 C 0 D cos ' . , SAQ0 C 0 Q = SAA0 C 0 C , 2
, |
1
. , cos ' = ,
2
' = 60 .
1
B0
0
Q00000
Q
C0
B D0
C
A
D
. 224
, |
.
4.3. : , .
, . N > 1, ,
,
. , ,
,
. , -
, .
, N +2 .
N + 2 | , N | . , N > 1 N |
, .
5.1. : 39.
| 287 |
: m(3p
x; 4y; 12z ) n(2; 1; 2) , m n =
= 6x 4y + 24z . |m| = 9x2 + 16y 2 + 144z 2 = 13, |n| = 3.
m n 6 |m| |n|, 6x 4y + 24z 6 39.
, m n,
x = 4z
4y
12z
3x
3
=
=
>0
y= z
2
1
2
2
z>0
x y ,
26
13
13
, x = ; y = ; z = .
9
12
18

.
(0; 0; 0) (
). 6x 4y + 24z = d;
d > 0; ,
.
, .
5.2. -
. ,
,
, . (. . 225).

. 225a
.
. !
X . , X ,
Y Z (. . 225).
X
w
XY XZ (
Y
).
X
! ( X ! ,
Z
+, X |
. 225
! , ).
.
| ,
. ( | 288 |
11 , 2004/2005
).
, ,
.
, .
2
. | ,
(. . 225).
| B
C
,
F
F
O
, .
E
E
,
, - A
D
.
|
, .
1
. !1 A C , !2 . 225
B D, EF |
(. . 202). ! , ABCD. | ! !1 ,
BD | ! !2 . ,
, BD EF . BD
, EF
, .
5.3. : .
, , .
A B | - , A < B , x y
.
x y
x
y
A B . A < B , Bx < Ay < By , , x < y.
,
, , . ,
, ,
. , , ,
| 289 |
. , , .
,
, , ,
, : , , , , .
, .
2005/2006
1.1. : , .
, f (x) = x2 2x + 1; g (x) = x2 4x 4.
f (x) = 0 1, g(x) = 0
2, f (x) + g (x) = 0
6x 3 = 0, : 0; 5.
, ,
: f (x) = a(x b)2 g (x) = a(x c)2 , a 6= 0 b 6= c.
f (x) + g(x) = a(c b)(2x b c) , f (x) + g(x) = 0
.
1.2. : , .
, ,
(. . 226).
h1
a
P
a
C
B
a
DE ,
B h P
d1 1
A
a
E
E
a
. 226
. 226
. , , .
DE , i-
| 290 |
11 , 2005/2006
Si = ahi , hi | 2
, | . ,
5
5
5
X
X
X
SABCDE =
Si = 21 a hi ,
hi = 2SABCDE
|
a
i=1
i=1
i=1
, .
, , , . , .
, (. . 226 ). di |
1
.
,
,
5
X
i=1
(h i + di ) =
5
X
i=1
hi +
5
X
i=1
di
di
5
X
,
di , ,
hi
i=1
i=1
.
.
5
X
,
n | . n = 3,
, ,
: .
1.3. : 2, 3, 4, 5.
, 2 = 21 ; 3 = 31 ; 4 = 22 ;
5 = 51 .
, ,
, .
| , | .
2, 2 4. 1 6
,
, , .
2.1. : , .
, . , .
1) f (x) = [x] ( x); g (x) = {x} (
x). x R [{x}] = {[x]} = 0.
| 291 |
x = 2;
.
0; x 6= 2;
: 0 1, f (0) = g (0) = 0 f (1) =
= g (1) = 0, , x rR f (g (x)) = 0 g (f (x)) = 0.
2)
f (x)
2.2. :
1;
x = 3;
; g (x)
0; x 6= 3;

1;
2
h = a a2 b4 .
, DB ,
A1 B1 (. . 227). : 1 =
= DB1 = a. 1 A1 B1 ,
A2 B2
60 . , |
A2 B2 , A2 B2 = = b, 2 BB2 |
b
AA2 = .
2
D
a
A01
B1
a
a
a
O1
C
B222222
B
A1
A
60
A1
h
b/2
A2
. 227
b/2
A2
. 227
A1 A2

2
b
b2
2
2
AA2 A1 (. . 227): (a h) +
= a h2 2ah + =
2
4
r
2
b
= 0 h = a a2 .
4

OO1
2
h = a + a2 b4
r
. 01 227,
, , , D .
| 292 |
11 , 2005/2006
2.3. : (0; 1); (1; 0).
.
, -
x2 2xy + 2x y + 1 = 0 y(2x + 1) =
x2 + 1, 2x + 1 6= 0
2x + 1
x:
= x2 + 2x + 1 y =
x.
, y , ,
x2 .
2x + 1
, (2x +1; x) =(x +1; x) = 1, x2
x2
2x+1 | . ,
2x + 1
, 2x + 1 = 1. ,
: x = 0; y = 1 x = 1; y = 0.
.
x: x2 2(y 1)x (y 1) = 0. :
0
x = (y 1) D , D0 = (y 1)2 + (y 1) = (y 1)y.
, x , , D0
. , D0 = 0
y = 1 y = 0, (y 1)y
: (y 1)2 y 2 .
y = 1, x = 0; y = 0, x = 1.
. ,
: x2 2xy +2x y +1 = 0 (x2 + y 2 +1 2xy +2x 2y ) y 2 + y =
= 0 (x y + 1)2 = (y 1)y . (y 1)y
, , y = 1 y = 0.
y = 1, x = 0; y = 0, x = 1.
3.1. : (0; 0; 0); (0; 1; 1); (1; 0; 1); (1; 0; 1); (1; 1; 0);

1+
5 1+
5 1+
5
1
5 1
5 1
5
;
;
;
;
;
.
2
1) ,
, x = y = z = 0
.
2) x = 0, y 6= 0,
2
3
y = z ;
y3 = z4 ;
4
y = z5:
3
4
, y > 0, z > 0 y = z 3 = z 4 = z 5 ,
y = z = 1.
| 293 |
y = 0, x 6= 0,
3
3
x = z ;
x = z ;
z6 = z4;
x2 = z 4 ;
9
3
z = z5:
x = z5
, x = z = 1 x = z = 1.
4) z = 0, y 6= 0,
2
2
x + y = 0;
x = y ;
x2 + y3 = 0;
y4 + y3 = 0;
3
x + y4 = 0
y 6 + y 4 = 0:
3)
, x = y = 1.
5) . , (x2 + y 3 )2 = z 8 . : (x + y 2 )(x3 + y 4 ) = z 8 . , (x + y 2 )(x3 + y 4 ) = (x2 + y 3 )2
xy 4 + x3 y 2 = 2x2 y 3 xy 2 (x y )2 = 0. x 6= 0, y 6= 0, x = y .
:
2
3
2
3
x+x = z ;
x+x = z ;
x2 + x3 = z 4 ;
x(x + x2 ) = z 4 ; :
x3 + x4 = z 5
x2 (x + x2 ) = z 5
, x 6= 0, z 6= 0, ,
3.2. :
x = z;
x2 x 1 = 0:
x=y=z=
.
, ,
1 (. . 228).
B
H
B
L
a
L
1
3
60
A
. 228
C
. 228
| 294 |
C
. 228
11 , 2005/2006
, 1
2
, a =
= .
S = 2 ah =
1
sin 60
1
2
1=
, ,

, S 6
. ,
3
, ,
2
. ,
3
, .
3
| -
, L (. . 228, ).
:
1) > 90 , L B | -
(. . 228), L > BC > > 1,

3
;
2) 60 6 < 90 , CH
= 1,
(. . 228), L > CH = sin >
2
3
.
, ,
2
, . ha 6 la 6 1,
2
S = 2 aha 6
1
1
2
16
3
3
3
3.3. ,
. , |
. , , .
0 , | 1 , , | 13
. , ,
(0 + 13)14
,
= 7 13.
2
15 ,
7 13 15, . , , ,
.
4.1.
1) , t > 0 :
t2 + 2 t > 3t. , ,
m+n+p >
3 mnp m = t2 ;

3
| 295 |
n = p = t t = x,
f (x) = x3 3x +2, x > 0,
, , f (x) > 0.
2)
t =a, t = b t= c
a2 +
:
.
2
2
+ 2 a + b + 2 b + c + 2 c > 3a + 3b + 3c 2( a + b + c) > 3(a +
+ b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 ).
3) , a + b + c = 3, , (a + b + c)2 = 9 (a2 + b2 + c2 ) =
= 92(ab+bc+ca).

, 2( a + b + c) > 2(ab + bc + ca) a + b + c >

> ab + bc + ca,
.
4.2. :
SP AB =
SP AC
6+
6
19 + 6
17
| , 1 1 | , H |
(.
. 229).
, P B 2 + P C 2 = (6 + 2)2 + (6 2)2 = 76 = BC 2 ,
| (BP C = 90 ,
).
P
C
B1
C1
A
. 229
1
1 , (
). , ,
( ),
, . , A .
| ( S
PB
), P AB =
SP AC P C .
, , , | 296 |
11 , 2005/2006
. , ,
. , | ( | ).
,
. .
4.3. : , .
NN = N (10k + 1), k |
N . k , 10k + 1
, 1. ,
1011 + 1 = (10 + 1)(1010 109 + : : : 10 + 1).
11, 11 ,
102n 1(mod 11) 102n1 1(mod 11). , 112 .
1011 + 1 = 121x, N , 100x. ,
NN = N (1011 + 1) = (11 10 x)2 . , N |
, , x | . ,
x=
11 + 1
10
121
<
121
109
121
= 109
x=
11 + 1
10
121
>
11 + 1
8
3 > 10 .
10
10
: 1011 + 1 = 121 826446281, N = 100 826446281,

NN = (10 11 826446281)2 .
5.1.
sin
>
sin 3 = 3 sin 4 sin3 > , 3 sin > 4 sin3 +
>
4
3
sin3 +
1
12
. , sin > 0, , sin >

3

4
1
1
1
1
109
+
=
+1 =
,
. sin >
3
12
12
12
108
1296
.
, . , sin = x > 0. ,
1
3x 4x3 >
16x3 12x + 1 < 0. f (x) =
4

108
1
109
= 16x3 12x + 1, f
= f
>
0, f
1296
12
1296
. , x,
108
109
,
f (x) = 0,
1
12
1296
1296
.
5.2. : DEC = 90 .
| 297 |
| , | , | ,
= E = 45 (. . 230).
E
C
45
. 230
DBE ,
. , E EDB
, , = DE .
E = E = 45 , CED |
45 . | .
5.3. : , .
.
. , ,
, , . ( | ).

.
, .
| 298 |

6 { 9 . ..
2002 | 2003

8
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
2 b2 c2 .
, b c a +
1
1
b = b + c = c + a .
1.2. , ? ( ,
.)
1.3. N , 1, ( ) 4N 100 .
N ?
(10 ; | 7 )
r
2.1.
: 2
q
p
1 + x 1 + x(x + 1) 1 + (x + 2)(x + 4) =
= x + 2:
2.2. AB D ,
AD. .
2.3. ?
(10 ; | 8 )
3 + 20022 + 2002 2003 + 20032 + 20033
.
x, x3 =
2
3.2. ,
= . D | . ,
P D = BD.
3.3.
( ) ,
?
3.1.
2002
| 299 |
(10 ; | 9 )
, a1 a2 : : : an = 1. , (1 + a21 )
(1 + a22 ) : : : (1 + a2n ) > 2n .
4.2. AK
: K = 2 CK = 1. AK ,
KC = 60 .
4.3. n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 : : : n = 100
+ ,
?
4.1.
9
(10 ; | 6 )
r
1.1.
: 2
q
p
1 + x 1 + x(x + 1) 1 + (x + 2)(x + 4) =
= x + 2:
1.2. AB D ,
AD. .
1.3. ?
(10 ; | 7 )
r
2.1.
2.2.
3 + 20022 + 2002 2003 + 20032 + 20033
2002
,
| . ,
= . D
P D = BD.
2.3. :
( c)2 + (b d)2 , a2 + b2 = 1, 2 + d2 = 4.
(10 ; | 8 )
3.1. x, y z
x + y + z = xyz x2 = yz . , x > 3.
3.2.
1?
3.3.
( ) ,
?
| 300 |
6 { 9, 2002/2003
(10 ; | 9 )
4.1.
x2 + x = 2.
x 5 x2 5
4.2. D |
CD DA . BK CP . , ABCD | ?
4.3. S
n . -
. ,
S
, .
8
1.1. :
1.
1
1
bc
bc
c a b = c b a b = bc bc = a b ,
a a+ 1 = c+ 1 ab = b a ,
a 6= b. , b+ 1c = c+ a1 ac = cb
c
b
a
ac
a+ b
=b+
a 6= b a 6= c.
(b c)(c a)(b a)
, a2 b2 c2 = ab bc ac =
(a b)(b c)(a c)
= 1.
, :
.
.
1.2. : .
,
(. . 231) (. . 231).
. 231
. 231
. ,
, , .
1.3. : 200.
| 301 |
N ,
,
N . , 100, 200. , N
, ,
, N ( N
).
N 100 , , .
2.1. :
0, 1 .
3
, + 2 > 0
p
> 2. , 1 + (x + 2)(x + 4) = x2 + 6x + 9 =p|x + 3| = x + 3;

p
1+ (x + 1)(x + 3) = x2 + 4x + 4 = |x + 2| = x + 2; 1 + x(x + 2) =
= x2 + 2x + 1 = |x + 1|. , : 2|x + 1| =
= x + 2.
> 1 2(x + 1) = x + 2, x = 0.
2 6 x 6 1 2(x + 1) = x + 2, x = 1 .
3
2.2. : 60 120 .
| , |
AD (. . 232). |
, = 90 , ,
B
C
D | . | ,
= 90 . , | O
D, ,
= BD. , 4D |
, , D = 60
A
E
D
C = 120 .
. 232
2.3. : , .
n | .
n(n +1)(n +2)(n +3) = n(n +3)(n +1)(n +2) = (n2 +3n)(n2 +
+ 3n + 2) = m(m + 2) = (m + 1)2 1, m = n2 + 3n N.

,
n.
3.1. : 2003.
n = 2003. 20023 +20022 +2002 2003+20032 +20033 =
= (n 1)3 + (n 1)2 + n(n 1) + n2 + n3 = n3 3n2 + 3n 1 + n2 2n +
+ 1 + n2 n + n2 + n3 = 2n3 . , x3 = n3 x = n.
1
| 302 |
6 { 9, 2002/2003
3.2. , P D = BD
, P DB | ,
, BP D = CBM .
.
.
K (. . 233). AK = BC AKM = CBM .
= , AK | , , AKM =
= AP K . , A K BP D | , ,
BP D = CBM .
B
D
P
A
N
D
K
. 233
. 233
.
N , (. . 233).
AM = CNB , CNB + CMB = 180 , , N . CBN CBM
(
CN CM , ). ,
CBM = CBN = A M = BP D.
.
AM BMC : sin AP M = AM sin AMP
AP
CM
sin BMC
sin CBM =
. AMP BMC | ,
BC
. , = = , ,
sin AP M = sin CBM .
CMB AMB
. , , AMB | (. . 233),
< P , , < BC . ,
AM ,
| 303 |
BMC . , A M CBM |
, , .
, A M = BP D = CBM .
3.3. : .
, ,
, , ,
. n
,
0 n 1. ,
- , - .
, ,
.
4.1. x x2 = |x|2 ,
, |a1 | |a2 | : : : |an | = 1,
, | .
(1 ak )2 > 0,
1+a2k > 2ak .
k 1 n. , : (1 + a21 ) (1 +
+ a22 ) : : : (1 + a2n ) > 2a1 2a2 : : : 2an = 2n (a1 a2 : : : an ) = 2n ,
.
A
4.2. : 2.
D
D , AD = AC
K (. . 234). AKD AKC (
K
C
) , DK = CK = 1; B
. 234
KD = KC = 60 .
, BDK : BKD = 60 ; K = 2; DK = 1,
, 2. ( BD .) , 4BDK | D
DBK = 30 . , CB = DK = 90 ; KAC = 30 , ,
AK = 2CK = 2.
4.3. : n = 4k n = 4k 1, k N k > 3.
1) n 6 13, ,
1 + 2 + : : : + 13 = 91 < 100.
2) ,
+ ,
, n = 4k n = 4k 1,
k N.
| 304 |
6 { 9, 2002/2003
3) n = 15 : 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 +
+ 8 + 9 10 + 11 + 12 + 13 + 14 + 15 = 100.
n = 16 : 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 8 +
+ 9 10 + 11 + 12 + 13 + 14 + 15 + 16 = 100.
4) n = m , n = m + 4
: (m + 1) (m + 2) (m + 3) + (m + 4), .
, n
k N , k > 3.
9
1.1. 8 .
1.2. 8 .
1.3.
1.3. 8 .
2.1.
2.1. 8 .
2.2.
2.2. 8 .
2.3. : | 9, | 1.
. : x2 + y 2 = 1 x2 + y 2 = 2 (. . 207). , M (a; b)
, N (c; d) | .
1.1.
1.2.
.
.
.
.
.
y
B
C
A
O
1
. 235
MN 2 , , . | , ,
| .
AD
| 305 |
, AD. ,
: 1) D < OC + OD = OB + OD = BD = 3;
2) A > OC OA = OB OA = AB = 1. ,
MN 2 9, 1.
. : ( c)2 + (b d)2 = a2 2ac + c2 + b2
2bd + d2 = 5 2(ac + bd).
ac + bd 6

x = (a; b) y = (c; d). x y =
6 |
x||y| = a2 + b2 c2 + d2 = 2 xy = ac+bd > |x||y| = a2 + b2
c2 + d2 = 2 ( 2 2 ).
, 4 6 2(ac + bd) 6 4 1 6 5 2(ac + bd) 6 9.
. a2 + b2 = 1, ( ; ]| cos = a;
2 2
c + d = 1,
sin = b. , 2 + d2 = 4
2
c
d
( ; ]| cos = ; sin = . ( c)2 +(b d)2 = (cos 2 cos )2 +
2
2
+ (sin 2 sin )2 = cos2 4 cos cos + 4 cos2 + sin2 4 sin sin +
+4 sin2 = (cos2 +sin2 )+4(cos2 +sin2 ) 4(cos cos +sin sin ) =
= 5 4 cos( ). 1 6 cos( ) 6 1 ( 1 1
, = = + ),
1 6 ( c)2 + (b d)2 6 9.
, ,
, , .
x+y+z >
3 xyz .
3.1. | ,
3
3
x = xyz = x + y + z > 3 3 xyz = 3x. x > 0,
, x2 > 3, , x > 3,
.
, x3 > 3x , : x3 = xyz =
= x + y + z > x + 2 yz = 3x.
3.2. : , .
B
D
: AB = c;
AC = b; BC = a, {a; b; c} Z, AM = 1,
a
c
| C (. .
1
M
236). DC .
A
C
b

.
236
: 2(b2 + c2 ) = a2 + 4 a2 =
= 2(b2 + c2 ) 4.
| 306 |
6 { 9, 2002/2003
,
,
.
, a2 a
, , a | , = C = = m Z.
2
| ,
. , , > 90 , |
, , b > m. + > ,
m + 1 > b. m b ,
1 .
3.3. . 3.3. 8 .
4.1. :
1
2
21
41
: y = x2 .
y + x = 2.
x5
y5
,
| : x2 + y 2 + 2xy 15x 15y + 50 = 0,
(x + y )2 15(x + y ) + 50 = 0.
q = x + y , q 2 15q + 50 = 0,
5 10. x2 +
x=5
x2 + x = 10, :
41
21
x 5 6= 0 x2 5 6= 0).
,
, ,
, , !
4.2. : .
.
AK BP AB AD (. . 237):
AK = AD + 21 AB ; BP = AB + 12 AD. AK BP , AK BP =

2
2 3
1
1
= 0, , AD + AB AB + AD = 0 AD AB = AD AB .
2
2

2
2 2
2
1
1
3
|AK | = |BP |, AD + AB = AB + AD (AD
2
2
4
2
AB )+2AD AB = 0. ,
| 307 |
, AD AB = 0 |AD| = |AB |, , AB AD
. , ABCD |
.
C
4x
K
y
A
. 237
O
x
P
M
2, 5y
1, 5y
K
D
. 237
| AK BP ;
= x; OA = y . AK
(. . 237). AKD MKC
( ) , = AD = BC .
OP
OP
OA
AP
4AOP 4MOB ( ),
OB = OM = MB = 4 ,
, OB = 4x; OM = 4y . , BP = AK = KM =
= 0; 5AM = 2; 5y , , 5x = 2; 5y y = 2x.
P : AB 2 = AO2 +BO2 =
= y 2 + 16x2 = 20x2 ; AP 2 = AO2 + P O2 = y 2 + x2 = 5x2 . ,
OA
AD = 2AP = 2x 5 = . OP
OA = OB , A , , AP O = AO AO =
= AO, , AP = 90 . , D | ,
, , D | .
4.3. . | , a1 , a2 ,
: : : , an | . S
a21 + a22 + : : : + a2n > .
n
, a1 + a2 + : : : + an = ,
r 1
a21 + a22 + : : : + a2n

>
n
2
a + a2 + : : : + an = a a2 + a2 + : : : + a2 > a = S ,
> 1
n
1 2
n
n
n
n
:
, 2S .
2S
. c <
.
| 308 |
6 { 9, 2004/2005
d > n2S .
2S
c + x =
n d x, ,

n , .
, 2
c + d2 (c + x)2 + (d x)2 = 1 (2cx 2x2 + 2dx) =

2
= x(d c x) > 0, + x < d. , n ,

S | ,
n
. , S
, , .
n
, S ,
:
. - . . ,
. ,
, , . ,
S
n
| ,
.
, , ,
,
.
2004 | 2005

6 { 7
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1. 109 . | x ,
| 3 . x,
| 20.
| 309 |
1.2. ,
.
1.3. | 12 ; ,
, | .
| .
| . , |
, | ,
, .
?
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1. .
, . 720 , .
400 . ?
2.2.
: 1; 2; 2; 8; 5; 7; 5. ?
2.3. 1.

. -
123456789?
(15 ; | 7 )
3.1. 60 /
300 . ,
40 /. ,
?
3.2. : = 40 , B = 20 ,
AB B = 4. C .
3.3. 88,
, |
?
(20 ; | 8 )
4.1.
1
2!
2
3!
+ ::: +
N .)
2004
2005!
| 310 |
<
1. (N ! |
6 { 9, 2004/2005
4.2. 5 5
(. .). , 2 2 2. (
.)
4.3. ,
, , , . :
?
8 { 9
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1. n, 28 + 211 + 2n
?
1.2. , BC = AC . , AC = BC ?
:
cos A
cos B
1.3. | ,
, ? ( |
.)
(15 ; | 7 )
2.1. 60 /
300 . ,
40 /. ,
?
2.2. , , : ) ;
) ?
2.3. n-. k
k ,
? (
, .)
(20 ; | 8 )
,
+ + ::: +
< 1.
2!
3!
2005!
3.2.
, ?
3.1.
2004
| 311 |
3.3. (x; y ; z ) ,
: 3xy + 3yz + 3zx = 5xyz + 3.
(25 ; | 9 )
p
(x 9)2 + 4 +

p4.1.
p
+ x2 + y 2 + (y 3)2 + 9.
4.2. . , , . , = 3, = 120 .
4.3. n (n > 1)
. , , , .
: ?

6 { 7
1.1. : 10 52.
.
3 ,
60, 49 . ,
.
49 = 7 7 = 49 1 | 20, 7
7 , | 49
. x = 10, x = 52.
. n , 3 ,
, x , 20n.
, 3n + x(20 n) = 109. ,
: 20x + 3n nx 60 = 49 20(x 3) n(x 3) = 49
(x 3)(20 n) = 49. 49 = 7 7 = 49 1 | 20,
(
(
x 3 = 7;
x 3 = 49;
:
20 n = 7
20 n = 1
,
(
x = 10;
n = 13
| 312 |
x = 52;
:
n = 19
6 { 9, 2004/2005
1.2. ,
(., , . 238 238).
. 238
. 238
, , .
1.3. : 6.
, - , . , ,
. .
| x . ,
x . (x + 1)-
, x . , , 6.
2.1. : 1760 .
. , , ,
. ,
, . 720 ,
2160 . , ,
400 . , 1760 .
. S , x y .
:
720
S 720
=
;
x
y
S
+
400
2S 400
=
:
x
y
| 313 |

, S 2 = 1760S , , S = 1760.
D
2.2. : 2,8.
D A
AC (. . 239). AC |
, AC 6= 7; 5 (B
C

. 239
7,5
). , 7,5 , AD. ADC 5
2,8 ( ).
AC = 5 , AB
1, 2 5. , AC = 2; 8; BC = 5.
1 2 ( ).
2.3. : , .
, 9 . 0,

0. 1, ,
9. 123456789 45,
9.
3.1. . 2.1. 8{9 .
3.2. : 4.
AB BD, BC (. . 240).
BCD | 20 ,
80 .
B
. 240
CE | AB . ,
ACE = 60 , EC = 180 (40 + 60 ) = 80 .
, DEC , . C 20 , ACD =
| 314 |
6 { 9, 2004/2005
= 60 20 = 40 . , ACD .
, = CD = AD = AB BC = 4.
3.3. : , .
, . . 241 (
).

.
0 8.
,
, 36. | ,
. 241
.
| ,
8. ,
, 4 .
4.1. . 3.1. 8{9 .
4.2. . ,
242. , |
.
. 242
. 242
.
, ,
. : , , |
.
. ,
242. , , . :
, |
.
4.3. : .
| 315 |
, x | , (999 x) | , . ,
.
, . x,
(, 912), 999 x
, .
8 { 9
, , n = 12.
. n ,
28 , 211 |
, 2n | . :
28 + 211 + 212 = (24 )2 + 2 24 26 + (26 )2 = (24 + 26 )2 = 802 .
1.2. : , .
= ; B = ; BC = a; AC = b.
C
. , ,
| . CD (. . 243),
BD = a cos = b cos = AD. A

D
B
, CD | ,
. 243
AC = BC .
1.1. :
2
=
2
a
cos
2
, 2
b
cos
2 sin2
=
. a2
b2
sin2 t + cos2 t = 1.
1
1
, 2 = 2 . a > 0 b > 0, a = b.
a
b
|
sin
1.3. :
, .
11:
11 ,
, , 11.
0,
11 .
, 11, , 11.
. : a0 a1 : : : a48 a49 : : : a1 a0 ,
: a0 (1099 +1)+a1 (1098 +101 )+: : :+
.
| 316 |
6 { 9, 2004/2005
49
49
X
X
99
n
n
50
49
an (10
+ 10 ) =
an 10n (10992n + 1).
+ a49 (10 + 10 ) =
n=0
n=0
k xk + 1 x + 1,
11, 11.
, .
2.1. : 200 .
1000 /,
0,3 ,
.
40
0; 3 = 0; 2 () = 200 (), .
60
2.2. : | .
) , CD (. . 244).
ACD BCD. BCD

ECD. ACD = CDE , AC k DE ,
ACED | c AC DE = BC .
. 244
. 244
) , ( , CD, .
. 244). ACD BCD. BCD
ECD. AD =
= DE = 90 , AD k CE , ACED | c
AC DE = BC . , | , ,
.
| 317 |
k , n 6 k 6 2n.
, |
, n, | , ,
2n. k , n < k < 2n
. , 2nk ,
k n ( )
.
(2n k ) 1 + (k n) 2 = k ,
.
1
2
2004
1
1
1
3.1. S =
+ +:::+
, S + + + : : : +
=
2.3. :
2!
2
2!
S + 2005!
1
3
3!
+ ::: +
3!
2005
2005!
= 1,
2005!
= 1+
1
2!
1
3!
+ ::: +
2!
3!
1
2004!
2005!
. ,
S = 1 2005! < 1, .
1
,
1

2005!
.
3.2. : , .
, , , ,
. , . , , BD 60
(. . 245).
C
O
A
. 245
Y
. 245
BD, BD |
D = AD = BD.
AD, D , BD | = BD.
, , , . , ,
, , | 318 |
6 { 9, 2004/2005
AB XY . XY | ,
AX BY ,
, O (. . 245).
AOB XOY ,
: AO + OB > AB , XO + OY > XY . :
AX + BY > AB + XY . , AX BY , .
, , | , .
3.3. : (1; 2; 3); (1; 3; 2); (2; 1; 3); (2; 3; 1); (3; 1; 2); (3; 2; 1).
x 6 y 6 z , 3xy + 3yz + 3zx 6 9yz , 5xyz + 3 > 5xyz .
, 5xyz < 9yz , x = 1
: 3y + 3z = 2yz + 3. 3y + 3z 6 6z , 2yz + 3 > 2yz , 2yz < 6z ,
y < 3.
y = 1, 3y + 3z = 2yz + 3 z = 0,
. y = 2, z = 3.
x, y z .
4.1. : 13.
p
(x 9)2 + 4+
(9;
2);
B
(3;
3);
C
(0;
y
);
D
(
x
;
0),
p
p
2
2
2
+ x + y + (y 3) + 9 = AD + DC + CB (. . 246).
,
, ADCB , , D ,
.
y
B0
B
A
D
C
O
x
A0
. 246
(9; 2),
, B 0 (3; 3),
. , AD + DC + CB = A0 D + DC + CB 0 ,
A0 B 0
p
, D . A0 B 0 =
= (9 3)2 + (2 3)2 = 13.
0
| 319 |
, 4 9
(2)2 (3)2 ,
.
4.2. : 6.
A0 DCB 0 ;
= CBA, = BCA (. . 247). =

2
2
= 120 , + = 30 ; O = 150 . ,
, AMC = OBC = . AMC : 60 +
+ + + BCM = 180 , , :
+BCM = 90 , OCM = 90 . , OM |
. :
OM = 2R = BC = 3 = 6.
1
sin
BOC
sin 150
B
O
O
A
C
. 247
4.3. :
.
, . ,
, . | ,
| . n .
,
. n . n | ,
| . n | ,
, . ,
, . , n + 1 .
, ,
.
| 320 |
2005 | 2006

9 { 11
(10 ; | 6 )
1.1.
g (x), f (x) = 1; 5 x, f (g (x)) =
1
3+
x.
1.2. ( )
6 8 .
,
, .
1.3. , , .
.
? (
.)
(15 ; | 7 )
y x > x2 + 1 ,
y 2x .
2.2. AC BC ABC
X Y . AY , BX XY
?
B1
C1
2.3. ABCDA1 B1 C1 D1 (. .).
D
A A1
1
,
. A, B , C , D,
B
C
A1 , B1 C1 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 7 ,

A
D
D1 . D1 ?
2.1.
(20 ; | 8 )
: 2005x2006 + 1 = 2006x2005 .
3.2. D
. D
3.1.
| 321 |
. ,
BX AY .
3.3.
. ?
(25 ; | 9 )
,q
q z x, y z
x
y
: +
+ 3 > 2.
4.1.
,
( ,
). ?
4.3. n k S = 5n + 5k
?
4.2.

+7
g(x) = 23xx +
.
6
f (x) = 1; 5 x, f (g (x)) = 1; 5 g (x). ,
1
1
1; 5x + 3; 5
1; 5 g (x) =
, , g (x) = 1; 5
=
=
3+ x
3+ x
3+ x
1.1. :
x+7
x + 6.
4 3 .
,
,
(. .
248). ,

.
, ,

. ,
-
E D.
, , 1.2. :
| 322 |
P
E
A
D
C
. 248
, 2005/2006
D. ADB = ACB ,
. , ADB > AP B , ADB |
AP D. , ACB > AP B .

OC 2 = OA OB ,
OC = 6 8 = 4 3 ().
, , ,
. :
OC =
= OA OB ABC .
1.3. : , .
. n , |
(n + 2) . D1 =
=
n(n 1)
2
D2 = (n + 2)(2 n + 1) .
D1 + D2 = 2n2 + 2n + 2 =
n(n + 1)
+ . |
=
2
2
n,
. ,
.
. n , |
(n+2) . n .

.
.
n ,
.

2n +1 , , |
n.
. k
k(k 1)
( k ): D =
.
2
, k 4 0 1,
D | , k 4 2
3, D | ,
,
. , ,
.
| 323 |
2.1. : x = 0; 5; y = 1; 75.
. y x
> x2 + 1 y 2x > x2 x + 1,
2
2
y 2x > x x + 1 = (x 0; 5) + 0; 75 > 0; 75. ,
y 2x ,
,
x = 0; 5; y = 1; 75.
. ,
y = x2 + x + 1 (. . 249). = y 2x,
y = 2x + a, a |
. , ,
y (0; a). ,
. y = 2x + a1
,
y = 2x + a2 , , a2 < a1 .
, , , y = 2x + a1
, .
, y 2x ,
y = 2x + a y = x2 + x + 1.
y
y = 2x + a1
y = 2x + a2
O
x
. 249
. , .
(
y = x2 + x + 1;
y = 2x + a
| 324 |
, 2005/2006
. , x2 +x+1 = 2x+a x2 x+(1a) = 0
, , D = (1)2 4(1 a) = 4a 3 = 0,
a = 0; 75. a x = 0; 5.
y = (0; 5)2 + 0; 5 + 1 = 1; 75.
, ,
. :
y = (2x0 + 1)(x x0 ) + x20 + x0 + 1 y = (2x0 + 1)x x20 + 1, x0 |
. 2x + a = (2x0 +1)x x20 +1
, x0 = 0; 5 a = 0; 75, y = 1; 75.
2.2. : , .
. ABCD ,
DX DY (. . 250). DX = BX
DY = AY ( ). DXY | .
D
C
Y
X
O
Y
A
B
. 250
. 250
. . |
AY BX (. . 250). . X Y
, X , , Y | ,
.
, : 1) AY > BY , , AY + Y X > BY + Y X > BX ; 2) , BX > AX ,
BX + XY > AY ; 3) AY + BX > OY + OX > XY . ,
, ,
.
| 325 |
, . , , ,

AX BY , .
B1
C1
2.3. : 9 .
A, C , B1 , D1
D1
A1
, B , D, A1 , C1 |
.
, (. . 251).
B
C

,
A
D

. 251
D1 . 1 ,
. x |
, : (1 + 3 + 6 + x) (2 + 4 + 5 + 7) = 1,
x = 9.
3.1. : 1.
,
, x 6 0 , x
, 1.
. , x = 1
. x > 0 x 6= 1,
:
2005x2006 + 1 = 2005x2005 + x2005 2005x2005 (x 1) = x2005 1:
x 1, 2005x2005 = x2004 +
+ x2003 + : : : + 1. , ,
1.
, , ,
,
, 2005: x2005 + x2005 + : : : + x2005 + x2005 = x2004 + x2003 + : : : + 1.
x > 1
, 0 < x < 1, ,
. , , 1. ,
.
| 326 |
, 2005/2006
f (x) = 2005x2006 2006x2005 +
+ 1, x (0; +), .
, f (1) = 0. : f 0 (x) =
= 2005 2006x2005 2006 2005x2004 = 2006 2005x2004 (x 1).
f 0 (x) = 0 x = 1, f 0 (x) < 0 0 < x < 1 f 0 (x) > 0 x > 1,
x = 1 | ,
x 6= 1 f (x) > 0. ,
: x = 1.
3.2. EA EB CD
1 1 (. . 252). , D
1 1 , AA1 D =
B1 BC .
E
.
A1
C
. 252
B1
k = AAEE .
1
, X Y
||CD,
BX
XY
1 , D . ,
B1 C = CD =
AY
=
A1 D . AA1 D B1 BC A1 D
AD
,
B1 C = BC . , AD = BC = CD, :
CD2 = A1 D B1 C . XY 2 = AY BX ,
CD 2 = A1 D B1 C , ,
, . 252.
3.3. : , .
, 100 . ,
, 64 = 26 .
| 327 |
50
64, | .
, 64,
128, | . 50
128, | .
,
.
x ; b = y ; c = z ,
4.1. : a =

: , b c |

abc = 1, a + b + 3 c > 2.
:
, b c |
abc = 1, 2a + 2 b + 2 3 c > 4.

, , a + b + b > 33 ab.
3 ab + 3 c >
p ,
> 2 3
abc = 2. ,
2a+2
b+2 3 c = a+(a+ b+ b)+2 3 c >
> a + 3 3 ab + 2 3 c = a + 3 ab + 2( 3 ab + 3c) > a + 3 ab + 4 > 4.

, a + 3 ab > 0.
180
360
720
.
60
7
7
7
1 , 1 1 ;
H | ; , | , (. . 253, ). ,
> > .
, , ( ).
4.2. :
A
H
H
O
C1
B1
B1
C1
A
A
H
H
A1
. 253
A1
. 253
| 328 |
, 2005/2006
| (. . 253), 1 B1 C1 : 1 A1 B1 = 180 2; A1 B1 C1 = 180
2 ; B1 C1 A1 = 180 2 . , , : 1 HC1 | ,
AC1 B1 = AHB1 = 90 A1 AC = 90 (90 ) = .
, BC1 A1 = , B1 C1 A1 = 180 2 .
1 B1 C1 .
> > , B1 C1 A1 > A1 B1 C1 > 1 A1 B1 .
1 B1 A1 ,
180 2 = ;
180 2 = ;
180 2 = ;
= = = 60 .
| , > 90 (. .
253). 1 B1 C1 BHC , BCH =
= 90 ; CBH = 90 , BHC = 180 .
, , 1 A1 B1 = 2 180 ;
A1 B1 C1 = 2 ; B1 C1 A1 = 2 . , 2 > 2 ,
, :
2 180 = ;
2 = ;
2 = ;
2 = ;
2 = ;
2 180 = :
, :
720
7
360
7
180
7
, , ,
, | (. 2005 , 5 10{11
).
4.3. : n k , .
| 329 |
, n k , 5n 5k . n k , 5n 5k
5x2 5y 2 x y,
. S = 5x2 + 5y 2 = (2x + y )2 + |2y x|2 ,
, , | . , 2y 6= x,
x y | . n
k | , | .
8 1, | 5.
S 8 6.
,
8 0, 1 4.
8 0, 1, 2, 4 5.
, S
.

, 218.

{ 7
1.1. (6 ) ( , | ):
+ = .
1.2. (6 ) , :
) ?
) ?
.
1.3. (6 ) 4 3 5
, 3
5 4 . |
?
2.1. (7 ) a b | . , a + b = 100.
7a + 3b 627?
2.2. (7 ) , :
) ; ) .
2.3. (7 ) ,
| , |
| 330 |

( , , |
, | ). :
, !. ? |
. | .
, ,
?
3.1. (8 ) , ,
: 1) ,
; 2) .
458 14?
3.2. (8 ) , .
( ),
.
, | , ,
.
3.3. (8 ) , , . ,
,
.
,
, .
,
, ?
4.1. (9 ) ,
, , | , ,
. , ,
.
, , , , ,
, .
, ,
. ,
| , ?
4.2. (9 ) 8 ,

4 .
4.3. (9 )
15 . 9 30 4 / . , 11 ,
| 331 |
5 /.
, , .
?

1.1.
1.2.
10
{ 11
(6 ) , 57599 | ?
(6 ) :
a = bcd;
a + b = cd;
a + b + c = d;
a + b + c + d = 1:
1.3. (6 ) ABCD AD AC
, 60 . ,
| .
2.1. (7 ) 1 100
71 , ?
2.2. (7 ) :
(
p
x + y + 1 = 1;
x + 1 + y = 1:
2.3. (7 ) ABC 1997 . ,

.
, ABC .
3.1. (7 ) 3. , 3.
3.2. (7 ) f (x) : f (x) = x3 + x, g (x) | f (x). : f (x) = g (x).
3.3. (7 ) ABC , C = 70 ,
B = 80 , M , CMB | . MAB MAC .
4.1.
(8 ) : sin
2
2
cos
3
2
4.2. (8 ) - x, :
(x 2)(x 3)
(x 3)(x 5)
(x 2)(x 5)

+

+

= 1:
( 5 2)( 5 3) ( 2 3)( 2 5) ( 3 2)( 3 5)
| 332 |

4.3. (8 ) , C ABC , H CH ,
K | BC , c.
5.1. (9 ) :
sin sin
:
1 sin sin
5.2.
(9 )
n :
1
1
1
1
+ + + : : : + > n:
n
1
2
3
5.3. (9 ) , , , .
?
{ 7
1.1. :
1 + 1999 = 2000.

,
, . , ,
, = 9, = 1, = 0.
1.2. : .
) , 2 8 4.
) , 2 6 4.
1.3. : .
4 3 5
, 20 15
. 3 5
4 , 12
20 . , 8
, 5 , ,
, .
:
| 333 |
,
| . :
(4 + 3 ) 5 = (3 + 5 ) 4; 8 = 5 . , y > x.
2.1. : , .
a b ,
. , 7a
3b , ,
. 627 | ,
627.
2.2. : . . 254.
. 254
.
2.3. : .
, ,
,
, | .
, ,
. ,
, , ; ,
; , .
, , ,
.
3.1. . :
458 2 14656,
, 14.
3.2. , , ,
, (. . 255).
. 255
3.3. :
200 .
, . ,
| 334 |

199 , | 198,
, 199 | , 200
| .
4.1. : 18.
13, 12,
. . . , 3 2 1. , ,
2 13.
| 17, , 18.
4.2. : . 256
. 256.
4.3. : 12 .
1,5 ( 9 30 11 )
6 . , . | ,
11 . 9 .
,
, . ,
, , 9 , 11
,
4 / 5 /.
, 12 , .
10
{ 11
1.1. :
, .
, 57599 = 57600 1 = 2402 1 = 239 241.

1
1 1 1
1.2. :
; ; ; .
42 7 3 2
. , d = 1 d, ,
= 0;5. . , c = d(1 c),
. ,
b = cd(b 1),
b=
1
7
a = bcd, , a = .
42
1.3. BAD KBDA (. . 257). ,
KC = AD + BC = AC , KAC = AOD = 60 ,
, KAC | 60 , , .
C
O
| 335 |
60
A
. 257
, AC = AK = BD, , ,
, .
2.1. | 71 :
1 + 71
1 + 2 + : : : + 71 =
71 = 36 71 = 2556:
2
:
72 + 73 + : : : + 100 =
72 + 100
29 = 2494:
2
2556 > 2494, 71 .

2.2. : (0; 0).
(x; y ) | , x > 0, y > 0, , x + 1 > 1.
, x + 1 + y > 1, x = 0,
y = 0. .
2.3. : 1997.
C1 C2 A1 A2 B1 B2 | ; K , L, M | (. . 258). T | C1 B2 . C1 K =
= C1 T , B2 M = B2 T , , AC1 + C1 B2 + AB2 = AK + AM .
, (AC1 B2 ,
C2 BA1 , B1 A2 C ), P1 , P2 P3 . , P1 + P2 + P3 =
= AK + AM + BK + BL + CL + CM = AB + BC + AC = 1997.
B
C2
K
C1
A1
L
A2
T
A
B2 M B1
. 258
x y | . , x2 + y 2
3. , x 3 y 3.
x = 3n 1, y = 3k 1 (n N; k N), x2 + y2 = 9n2 6n + 9k2
6k + 2 | 3. x = 3n 1, y = 3k ( ),
x2 + y2 = 9n2 6n + 9k2 + 1 | 3. x = 3n, y = 3k,
x2 + y 2 = 9(n2 + k 2 ) 3. ,
3.1.
| 336 |

, , x + y , 3.
3 | .
, . , x2 + y 2
3.
3.2. : 0.
f (x) | ,
g(x) . , , ,
y = x, : f (x) = g (x) f (x) = x x3 + x = x
x3 = 0 x = 0.
3.3. M
R = MB = MC (. . 259). A = 180 (B + C ) = 30 ,
BMC = 60 , , A ,
, ABC .
, AM = BM = CM , , MAB = MBA = 20 , MAC =
= MCA = 10 .
A
30
M
80
60
70
C
. 259
4.1.
sin
2
2
2
> 2
> sin
3 > 1;732
2 > 1;414,
.

3 = cos 3 :
2
= sin x
2 > 3;146 >

h
i
0; ,
3+
ax2 + bx + c.
f (x) = ax + bx + c. , f ( 2) =
= f ( 3) = f ( 5) = 1, ,
. , f (x)
, , a = 0. , f (x)
. , f (x) | , 1
4.2.
| 337 |
x, , x,
.
4.3. CHB | , , KC =
= KB = KH (. . 260). MCK | , MK |
, KC KH , CH , , MK k AB . , MK |
ABC , , MK = 0;5AB = 0;5.
: R = 0;5MK = 0;25c.
C
M
H B
A
. 260
5.1. :
1.
:
cos
2 sin
sin sin
2
2
=
=
1
1 sin sin
1 cos( ) cos( + )
2
cos +
2
2

=
1

+ + 1 =
1
2 cos2
1 2 cos2
2
2
2

+

+

2 sin
cos
cos
2 sin
2 sin
2ab
2
2
2
2
+ cos2 + = sin2 + cos2 + = a2 + b2 ;
1 cos2
2
2
2
2
a = sin 2 , = cos +2 . :
(a b)2 > 0 a2 + b2 2ab > 0 a2 + b2 > 2ab
,
2ab
6 1:
2
a + b2
sin 6 1. sin sin
sin
1
1, , , sin = 1, sin = 0.
5.2. n = 1, ( ).
1
1
1
n > 1, > 2 1,
= 2 + 1 > 2; > 3
2
| 338 |
2,
1
3
n n1
1
3 + 2 > 3; . ., > n n 1,
n
n + n + 1 > n. ,
1
1
1
+ + ::: +
n
2
3
1
1
1
+ + ::: +
n
2
3
> n11+
> n:
.
5.3. : 1 : 1.
, AEB (.
. 261). K | AB ,
O, KE = 0;5AB = KO. , AEO = 0;5AKO = 45 . , EO |
AEB . ,
, .
D
A
K
O
C
B
. 261
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(, 9596 { 10 { 1.1 | 1995/1996 , 10
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0405 { 6 { 7 { 1.1
9900 { 9 { 5.3, 0506 { 7 { 2.1, 6 { 7 { 1.1,
9899 { 9 { 3.1, 0304 { 8 { 3.3, 0405 { 7 { 3.1, 0405 { 11 { 5.3,

0506 { 7 { 4.1
0203 { 8 { 3.1, 0304 { 8 { 1.1

9900 { 11 { 2.1, 0001 { 7 { 2.1,
0304 { 8 { 1.1, 0405 { 7 { 1.1, 0405 { 9 { 4.1, 0506 { 10 { 3.1

9900 { 7 { 2.3, 0405 { 9 { 1.1

0405 { 10 { 5.1, 0506 { 10 { 4.3

0102 { 7 { 1.1
0001 { 8 { 4.1, 0203 { 9 { 3.1,
9900 { 7 { 1.3, 9900 { 11 { 1.3, 0001 { 7 { 4.1,

9899 { 10 { 4.1, 9900 { 7 { 1.1, 9900 {
7 { 2.1, 9900 { 9 { 3.1, 0102 { 8 { 1.1, 0102 { 9 { 2.1, 0203 { 10 {
2.1, 0304 { 7 { 3.1, 0304 { 8 { 2.1, 0304 { 8 { 4.1, 0304 { 9 { 5.1,
0304 { 10 { 1.1, 0304 { 11 { 1.1, 0304 { 11 { 5.1, 0405 { 8 { 2.1,
0405 { 9 { 3.1, 0506 { 9 { 3.1, 0203 { 8 { 1.1, 0203 { 8 { 2.3,
0203 { 8 { 3.1

9900 { 8 { 2.1, 0001 { 9 { 3.1, 0102 { 8 {
2.1, 0203 { 7 { 1.1, 0203 { 8 { 3.3, 0203 { 9 { 1.1, 0304 { 7 { 4.1,
0405 { 9 { 2.3

9899 { 10 { 2.3, 9899 { 11 {
3.1, 9900 { 7 { 3.1, 9900 { 10 { 4.1, 0001 { 8 { 3.1, 0001 { 9 { 4.1,
0001 { 11 { 1.3, 0001 { 11 { 2.1, 0102 { 8 { 4.1, 0102 { 9 { 2.1,
| 340 |

0203 { 8 { 4.1, 0304 { 7 { 2.1, 0304 { 7 { 4.1, 0304 { 8 { 2.1,
0304 { 8 { 3.1, 0304 { 10 { 1.1, 0304 { 11 { 5.1, 0506 { 8 { 2.1,
0506 { 11 { 2.3, 0506 { 11 { 4.1, 0203 { 8 { 2.1, 0203 { 8 { 3.1,
0405 { 8 { 9 { 1.1, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 2.1
,

9596 { 10 { 1, 9798 { 10 { 3.3, 0102 {
8 { 1.1, 0102 { 11 { 2.3, 0203 { 10 { 1.3, 0304 { 8 { 2.1, 0304 { 10
{ 1.3, 0304 { 11 { 5.1, 0405 { 8 { 1.1, 0506 { 7 { 3.1, 0506 { 8 { 4.1,
0506 { 9 { 1.1, 0506 { 11 { 4.3, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 3.1

0102 { 8 { 1.1, 0102 { 11 { 3.1, 0102 { 11 { 5.3,
0203 { 10 { 1.3, 0304 { 11 { 5.1, 0405 { 8 { 1.1, 0506 { 9 { 1.1,
0203 { 8 { 3.1

9900 { 7 { 2.3, 9900 { 7 { 3.1,
9900 { 8 { 4.3, 0001 { 9 { 4.3, 0102 { 8 { 3.1, 0102 { 11 { 1.3,
0102 { 11 { 5.1, 0203 { 9 { 4.1, 0304 { 7 { 3.1, 0304 { 11 { 2.3,
0304 { 11 { 5.1, 0506 { 9 { 1.1
9596 { 10 { III3, 9798 { 10 { 2.1, 9899 { 9 { 1.1, 9900 { 9 { 2.1,

0001 { 8 { 1.1, 0001 { 9 { 3.1, 0001 { 9 { 5.1, 0001 { 11 { 4.1,
0102 { 9 { 3.1, 0102 { 10 { 3.1, 0203 { 8 { 1.1, 0203 { 11 { 1.1,
0304 { 9 { 4.1, 0405 { 10 { 1.1, 0405 { 11 { 2.1, 0203 { 8 { 2.1
9798 { 10 { 2.1, 9798 { 10 { 3.1, 9899 { 11 { 1.1, 9900 { 10 { 5.3,
0001 { 8 { 3.1, 0102 { 9 { 1.1, 0304 { 8 { 3.1
0001 { 7 { 1.1, 0304 { 8 { 4.1, 0405 { 7 { 2.1, 0405 { 8 { 3.1
9899 { 9 { 3.3,
9899 { 11 { 3.1,
9900 { 9 { 4.1,
0001 { 9 { 1.1, 0001 { 9 { 4.3, 0001 { 10 { 2.1, 0001 { 10 { 3.1,
0102 { 9 { 5.1, 0102 { 10 { 1.1, 0102 { 10 { 4.1, 0102 { 11 { 5.1,
0203 { 9 { 2.3, 0203 { 9 { 5.1, 0203 { 10 { 3.1, 0203 { 11 { 3.1,
0304 { 9 { 3.1, 0304 { 11 { 1.1, 0405 { 9 { 2.1, 0506 { 9 { 2.1,
0506 { 11 { 1.1, 0506 { 11 { 2.3
( ) -
9900 { 8 { 4.1, 9900 { 10 { 1.1, 9900 { 10 { 4.1, 9900 { 11 { 2.1,
0001 { 10 { 5.1, 0001 { 11 { 2.3, 0102 { 10 { 5.1, 0102 { 11 { 3.1,
0405 { 9 { 5.1, 0405 { 11 { 3.1, 0506 { 8 { 4.1, 0506 { 10 { 1.1,
0203 { 9 { 4.1, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 3.1
9798 { 10 { 1.1,
9899 { 10 { 1.1,
9900 { 8 { 1.1,
9900 { 9 { 2.1, 0001 { 11 { 2.1, 0304 { 10 { 4.1, 0203 { 8 { 2.1

9899 { 11 { 2.1, 9899 { 11 { 4.1,
0304 { 11 { 3.1, 0405 { 11 { 1.1, 0405 { 11 { 4.1
| 341 |

9900 { 7 { 3.3, 9900 { 9 { 1.3,
9900 { 9 { 4.3, 9900 { 10 { 4.3, 0001 { 8 { 2.3, 0102 { 8 { 3.1,
0102 { 11 { 2.3, 0304 { 7 { 3.3, 0304 { 11 { 2.3, 0405 { 10 { 2.3,
0506 { 7 { 2.3, 0506 { 11 { 2.3, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 1.1, 0405 { 8 {
9 { 3.3
0001 { 10 { 4.1, 0102 { 11 { 2.1

9899 { 7 { 4.2, 9899 { 9 {
3.1, 9900 { 8 { 3.1, 0001 { 8 { 3.3, 0203 { 7 { 2.1, 0203 { 7 { 3.1,
0304 { 7 { 4.3, 0405 { 8 { 4.1, 6 { 7 { 1.3, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 1.1

9596 { 10 { 3, 9596 { 10 { III3, 9899 { 9 { 1.1,
9899 { 9 { 4.3, 9899 { 11 { 5.1, 9900 { 10 { 3.1, 0001 { 8 { 2.1,
0001 { 11 { 1.1, 0001 { 11 { 4.1, 0102 { 8 { 4.1, 0102 { 9 { 4.1,
0102 { 10 { 5.3, 0102 { 11 { 5.1, 0405 { 10 { 2.1, 0405 { 11 { 2.1,
0506 { 10 { 2.1, 0506 { 11 { 3.1, 10 { 11 { 1.2, 10 { 11 { 2.2

9900 { 11 { 2.3, 0203 { 7 { 4.1,
0304 { 11 { 5.2, 0405 { 7 { 3.1, 0405 { 8 { 4.1, 0506 { 7 { 4.1,
0506 { 8 { 3.1, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 2.1

0102 { 7 { 1.3, 0102 { 8 { 1.3, 0203 { 7 { 4.1, 0506 {
7 { 1.1, 6 { 7 { 4.3, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 2.1, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 2.1
9596 { 10 { I3,
9596 { 10 { II1,
9798 { 10 { 2.1,
9899 { 10 { 1.3, 9899 { 10 { 5.3, 9899 { 11 { 3.1, 9900 { 11 { 4.3,
0001 { 8 { 1.1, 0001 { 11 { 1.3, 0102 { 8 { 2.1, 0102 { 8 { 3.1,
0102 { 10 { 1.1, 0102 { 10 { 2.1, 0102 { 10 { 4.1, 0102 { 10 { 5.3,
0203 { 9 { 2.1, 0304 { 9 { 2.1, 0304 { 10 { 5.1, 0304 { 11 { 3.2,
0405 { 10 { 1.1, 0405 { 10 { 3.1, 0405 { 10 { 4.1, 0506 { 11 { 4.1,
0506 { 11 { 5.1, 10 { 11 { 5.2, 0203 { 8 { 4.1, 0506 { 9 { 11 {
2.1, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 4.1
9798 { 10 { 5.3, 9900 { 10 { 5.1, 0001 { 7 { 2.1, 0102 { 8 { 2.1,
0304 { 8 { 1.1, 0405 { 9 { 4.1, 0506 { 10 { 3.1, 10 { 11 { 4.1,
0405 { 8 { 9 { 3.1

9900 { 7 { 4.1, 0203 { 8 { 2.1
,
9596 { 10 { 1,
9596 { 10 { I1, 9596 { 10 { III3, 9899 { 9 { 5.1, 9899 { 10 { 3.2,
9899 { 10 { 5.1, 9900 { 7 { 4.2, 9900 { 8 { 3.1, 9900 { 8 { 3.3,
9900 { 9 { 4.1, 9900 { 10 { 3.3, 9900 { 11 { 3.1, 0001 { 9 { 3.3,
0001 { 9 { 5.1, 0001 { 10 { 1.1, 0001 { 10 { 3.3, 0102 { 8 { 4.1,
0102 { 9 { 2.3, 0102 { 10 { 3.1, 0102 { 11 { 1.3, 0102 { 11 { 4.3,
0203 { 8 { 3.3, 0203 { 11 { 5.3, 0304 { 8 { 3.1, 0304 { 8 { 3.3,
| 342 |

0304 { 9 { 4.1, 0304 { 9 { 4.3, 0304 { 10 { 1.2, 0304 { 10 { 5.2,
0405 { 7 { 1.3, 0405 { 11 { 1.3, 0405 { 11 { 5.1, 0405 { 11 { 5.3,
0506 { 9 { 3.2, 0506 { 10 { 5.1, 0506 { 11 { 3.2, 6 { 7 { 1.3,
10 { 11 { 2.1, 10 { 11 { 5.1, 0203 { 8 { 3.3, 0203 { 9 { 2.3,
0405 { 8 { 9 { 4.1, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 2.1

9596 { 10 { 1, 9596 { 10 { II1, 9798 { 10 {
3.1, 9899 { 9 { 2.3, 9900 { 10 { 4.1, 0001 { 8 { 3.1, 0001 { 11 { 1.1,
0102 { 8 { 1.1, 0304 { 11 { 3.1, 0304 { 11 { 5.1, 0405 { 11 { 4.1,
0506 { 11 { 4.1, 10 { 11 { 5.1, 0203 { 9 { 3.1, 0203 { 9 { 4.3,
0506 { 9 { 11 { 4.1
9899 { 10 { 5.3, 9899 { 11 { 5.3, 9900 { 11 { 5.3,

0001 { 10 { 5.3, 0001 { 11 { 4.3, 0102 { 7 { 4.3, 0102 { 10 { 1.3,
0102 { 10 { 2.1, 0102 { 11 { 4.3, 0304 { 10 { 3.1, 0506 { 8 { 2.3

9899 { 7 { 1.3, 0203 { 7 { 3.3, 0203 { 11
{ 4.3, 0304 { 10 { 3.1, 0506 { 8 { 3.3, 10 { 11 { 2.1

9899 { 10 { 3.3, 0304 { 10 { 3.1
9900 { 10 { 3.1, 0405 { 10 { 3.1
0203 { 8 { 4.3
0405 { 9 { 5.3
9798 { 10 { 3.3, 9899 { 7 { 4.3, 9899 { 9 { 4.1, 9899 { 11 { 1.3,

9899 { 11 { 2.3, 9900 { 9 { 1.3, 9900 { 9 { 3.3, 9900 { 9 { 4.3, 9900
{ 11 { 3.3, 0001 { 7 { 2.3, 0102 { 7 { 3.3, 0102 { 11 { 4.1, 0102 { 11
{ 4.3, 0203 { 8 { 3.3, 0203 { 9 { 1.1, 0304 { 8 { 1.3, 0304 { 10 { 1.3,
0304 { 11 { 3.3, 0304 { 11 { 4.3, 0304 { 11 { 5.3, 0405 { 10 { 3.3,
0506 { 9 { 4.3
9798 { 10 { 1.3, 9899 { 11 { 3.3, 0001 { 7 { 3.3, 0001 { 10 { 2.3,

0102 { 8 { 1.3, 0102 { 9 { 4.3, 0203 { 7 { 4.3, 0304 { 10 { 3.3,
0304 { 10 { 4.3, 0405 { 8 { 3.3, 0405 { 11 { 4.3, 0506 { 10 { 3.3,
6 { 7 { 2.1, 0203 { 8 { 4.3, 0203 { 9 { 3.2, 0506 { 9 { 11 {
1.3, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 4.3
""
0304 { 10 { 1.3
9798 { 10 { 3.3, 9900 { 10 { 4.3, 0203 { 8 { 1.3,
,
9899 { 11 { 4.3, 9900 { 10 {
3.3, 0001 { 10 { 2.3, 0203 { 8 { 2.1, 0304 { 11 { 4.3, 0506 { 9 { 11
{ 3.3

1.3, 0506 { 11 { 2.3
9900 { 9 { 1.3, 0102 { 8 { 2.3, 0304 { 10 {

| 343 |

5 10
9899 { 10 { 4.3, 0506 { 7 { 4.3
9899 { 7 { 2.3, 0506 { 7 { 4.3, 0506 { 8 { 2.3
3 9
9899 { 7 { 2.3, 9899 { 7 { 3.3, 9899 { 11 { 4.3,
0001 { 10 { 1.3, 0001 { 11 { 3.3, 0203 { 8 { 2.3, 0405 { 9 { 4.3,
0405 { 10 { 1.3, 0506 { 7 { 4.3, 0506 { 8 { 1.3, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 2.3
11 0203 { 11 { 2.3, 0506 { 11 { 4.3, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 1.3

9596 { 10 { 1, 9596 { 10 { III1, 9900
{ 8 { 4.3, 9900 { 10 { 3.3, 0001 { 9 { 4.3, 0102 { 8 { 3.1, 0102 {
11 { 2.3, 0102 { 11 { 5.2, 0304 { 7 { 1.3, 0304 { 9 { 3.3, 0304 { 10 {
4.3, 0405 { 7 { 2.3, 0405 { 9 { 4.3, 0405 { 11 { 2.3, 0506 { 10 { 3.3,
0506 { 11 { 1.3, 10 { 11 { 1.1, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 1.3

0102 { 7 { 3.1, 0102 { 8 {
4.3, 0203 { 9 { 1.3, 0203 { 9 { 2.3, 0304 { 11 { 5.3, 0405 { 7 { 2.3,
0506 { 10 { 2.3

0102 { 8 { 2.3, 0203 { 8 { 1.3

9899 { 9 { 2.1, 9899 { 10 { 4.3, 9900 { 7 { 4.3,
0001 { 9 { 1.3, 0001 { 9 { 5.3, 0001 { 10 { 1.3, 0203 { 10 { 1.3,
0203 { 10 { 3.3, 0304 { 7 { 2.1, 0304 { 8 { 3.3, 0304 { 10 { 4.3,
0405 { 10 { 2.3, 0405 { 11 { 2.3, 6 { 7 { 4.1, 10 { 11 { 3.1,
0506 { 9 { 11 { 1.3, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 4.3

9899 { 9 { 5.1, 9900 { 8 { 1.3, 0001 { 7 { 3.1,
0001 { 9 { 1.3, 0001 { 11 { 3.3, 0102 { 9 { 5.3, 0102 { 10 { 1.3,
0102 { 11 { 5.3, 0203 { 8 { 2.3, 0304 { 7 { 3.3, 0304 { 9 { 3.3, 0304 {
9 { 4.3, 0405 { 9 { 4.3, 0506 { 7 { 4.3, 0506 { 8 { 3.3, 0506 { 9 { 1.3,
0506 { 11 { 4.3, 10 { 11 { 3.1, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 4.3

9899 { 11 { 1.3, 9900 { 11 { 5.3, 0001 { 7 { 1.3, 0001 { 9
{ 2.3, 0001 { 10 { 1.3, 0102 { 7 { 4.3, 0203 { 7 { 2.3, 0405 { 7 { 4.1,
0405 { 6 { 7 { 2.3

9900 { 9 { 5.3, 9900 { 11 { 4.3, 0001 { 8 { 2.3, 0001 { 9 {
4.1, 0102 { 7 { 4.1, 0102 { 8 { 4.3, 0102 { 9 { 2.1, 0102 { 10 { 5.3,
0102 { 11 { 5.3, 0203 { 11 { 2.1, 0304 { 7 { 1.1, 0304 { 7 { 4.1, 0304
{ 8 { 1.3, 0304 { 9 { 3.3, 0304 { 10 { 4.3, 0506 { 11 { 4.3, 10 { 11
{ 3.1, 0203 { 8 { 2.3, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 4.3
2 3
9899 { 10 { 4.3, 0001 { 10 { 3.3, 0405 { 9 { 2.3,
0506 { 9 { 4.3, 0506 { 10 { 5.3, 0506 { 11 { 1.3, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 1.1
| 344 |
9596 { 10 { 3, 0001 { 11 { 3.1, 0001 { 11 { 5.1, 0102 { 11 { 4.1,

0304 { 9 { 1.1, 0304 { 10 { 1.3, 0405 { 10 { 5.1
9900 { 10 { 1.1
9899 { 7 { 1.2, 9899 { 7 { 2.2, 9899 { 7 { 3.2, 0506 { 8 { 1.1,

10 { 11 { 4.2
9798 { 10 { 5.1, 9899 { 9 { 3.3, 9899 { 10 { 3.1, 9900 { 9

{ 4.1, 9900 { 9 { 5.1, 0001 { 9 { 2.1, 0001 { 9 { 5.1, 0506 { 9 { 5.1,
10 { 11 { 4.2, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 2.1

9798 { 10 { 3.1,
9899 { 10 { 1.1, 9899 { 11 { 1.1, 9900 { 9 { 1.1, 9900 { 11 { 4.1,
0102 { 10 { 3.3, 0506 { 10 { 4.3, 0506 { 11 { 2.1, 10 { 11 { 4.2
9899 { 11 { 2.1,
0102 { 9 { 3.1,
0203 { 11 { 4.1,
9798 { 10 { 1.1, 9899 { 9 { 4.3, 9899 { 10 { 1.1,

9899 { 11 { 4.1, 9900 { 10 { 2.1, 0001 { 10 { 5.1,
0102 { 11 { 5.1, 0203 { 9 { 4.1, 0203 { 11 { 1.3,
0506 { 10 { 4.1, 10 { 11 { 3.2
9899 { 11 { 4.1, 9900 { 11 { 4.1, 0102 { 10 { 4.3, 0203 { 10 { 2.3
9900 { 10 { 2.1, 0102 { 10 { 4.3
9900 { 10 { 5.3, 0203 { 11 { 4.1, 10 { 11 { 3.2

9900 { 10 { 5.3, 0304 { 11 { 2.1, 0506 { 11 { 2.1,
0506 { 9 { 11 { 1.1
9899 { 10 { 1.1, 0001 { 10 { 5.1, 0102 { 10 { 3.3,

0304 { 11 { 2.1, 0506 { 10 { 4.1, 0506 { 10 { 4.3
9899 { 10 { 3.1, 9900 { 11 { 5.1, 0001 { 11 { 5.1, 0506 {

9 { 11 { 3.1
9899 { 11 { 4.1, 0506 { 10 { 3.1,

0405 { 11 { 3.1
0001 { 10 { 5.1, 0001 { 11 { 3.1, 0102 { 10 { 3.3,

9596 { 10 { I1, 9596 { 10
{ III3, 9798 { 10 { 4.1, 9798 { 10 { 5.1, 9899 { 11 { 5.1, 0001 { 9 {
3.1, 0102 { 10 { 4.1, 0102 { 11 { 1.1, 0304 { 9 { 4.1, 0405 { 9 { 5.1,
0405 { 11 { 2.1, 0506 { 9 { 4.1, 0203 { 9 { 2.3
9899 { 10 { 1.3,
9900 { 10 { 5.1,
9900 { 11 { 3.3,

9899 { 10 { 2.1, 9899 { 10 { 5.1,
9900 { 11 { 1.1, 9900 { 11 { 2.2,
0001 { 10 { 2.2, 0102 { 10 { 3.1,
| 345 |
9798 { 10 { 5.3,
9899 { 11 { 5.1,
9900 { 11 { 3.1,
0203 { 10 { 2.2,
0304 { 11 { 4.1, 0405 { 10 { 3.1, 0506 { 11 { 5.1, 10 { 11 { 4.1,

10 { 11 { 5.1, 0203 { 9 { 2.3

9900 { 10 { 2.3,
0203 { 10 { 1.1, 0203 { 11 { 4.3, 0304 { 10 { 2.1, 0304 { 10 { 4.1,
0506 { 10 { 4.1

9798 { 10 { 5.3,
9899 { 10 { 1.3, 9899 { 10 { 2.1, 9900 { 10 { 2.3, 9900 { 11 { 3.1,
0001 { 10 { 1.1, 0102 { 10 { 3.1, 0102 { 10 { 4.1, 0102 { 11 { 5.2,
0304 { 10 { 2.1, 0304 { 10 { 4.1, 0405 { 10 { 3.1

0001 { 11 { 5.3

9899 { 9 { 5.3, 9899 { 11 { 5.1,
9900 { 11 { 3.1, 0203 { 10 { 5.1, 0304 { 10 { 4.1, 0506 { 10 { 5.1,
0203 { 9 { 2.3
9899 { 7 { 1.1, 9899 { 7 { 4.1
9899 { 9 { 5.2, 9899 { 10 { 4.2, 0001 { 8 { 2.2, 0001 { 8 { 3.2,

0001 { 9 { 4.2, 0001 { 10 { 3.2, 0001 { 11 { 5.2, 0304 { 10 { 3.2,
0405 { 10 { 2.2, 0506 { 10 { 3.2, 0506 { 10 { 5.2, 0506 { 11 { 5.2,
10 { 11 { 3.3, 10 { 11 { 4.3, 0203 { 8 { 2.2, 0405 { 8 { 9 {
4.2, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 1.2

9798 { 10 { 1.2, 9798 { 10 { 3.2, 9899 { 7
{ 2.1, 9899 { 9 { 3.2, 9900 { 7 { 1.2, 0001 { 7 { 3.2, 0001 { 7 { 4.2,
0001 { 10 { 2.2, 0102 { 7 { 1.2, 0102 { 8 { 2.2, 0203 { 7 { 4.2, 0304
{ 8 { 3.2, 0304 { 8 { 4.2, 0405 { 9 { 1.2, 0506 { 7 { 3.2, 0506 { 8 {
1.2, 0506 { 8 { 3.2, 0203 { 8 { 4.2, 0203 { 9 { 4.2, 0506 { 9 {
11 { 2.2

9798 { 10 { 4.2, 9899 { 11 { 3.2, 0102 { 8 { 3.2, 0203
{ 7 { 1.2, 0203 { 8 { 2.2, 0304 { 7 { 2.2, 0304 { 8 { 3.2, 0405 { 10 {
2.2, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 1.2

9900 { 9 { 4.2, 0102 { 11 { 3.2, 0304 { 9 { 4.2, 0304 { 11
{ 3.2, 0405 { 8 { 2.2, 10 { 11 { 4.3
9899 { 9 { 5.2, 9899 { 10 { 5.2, 0001 { 9 { 2.2, 0001 { 10 {

2.2, 0203 { 7 { 2.2, 0405 { 9 { 3.2, 0405 { 11 { 3.2, 0506 { 11 { 3.2,
10 { 11 { 5.3, 0203 { 8 { 4.2, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 4.2
| 346 |
9596 { 10 { II2, 9900 { 8 { 1.2, 9900 { 8 { 4.2, 0001 { 8 { 2.2,

0102 { 10 { 2.2, 0405 { 10 { 2.2, 0506 { 10 { 3.2, 0405 { 8 { 9 {
1.2, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 4.2
9798 { 10 { 2.2, 9900 { 11 { 4.2, 0102 { 10 { 3.2, 0102 { 11 {

3.2, 0405 { 11 { 1.2, 0506 { 8 { 2.2, 0506 { 9 { 1.2, 0506 { 10 { 2.2,
0203 { 8 { 3.2, 0203 { 9 { 3.2

9899 { 9 { 5.2, 9899 { 10 { 5.1, 0203 { 7 { 2.2, 0203 { 8 {
2.2, 0304 { 7 { 1.3, 0304 { 7 { 4.2, 0506 { 10 { 4.1, 10 { 11 { 3.3,
0405 { 6 { 7 { 3.2, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 4.2

9596 { 10 { 2, 9596 { 10 { II2,
9899 { 9 { 3.2, 9900 { 7 { 3.2, 9900 { 9 { 3.2, 9900 { 9 { 4.2,
0001 { 10 { 2.2, 0001 { 11 { 2.2, 0102 { 7 { 3.2, 0102 { 8 { 3.2,
0102 { 9 { 1.2, 0102 { 10 { 1.2, 0203 { 8 { 1.2, 0304 { 7 { 1.2,
0304 { 9 { 1.2, 0304 { 9 { 2.2, 0304 { 9 { 4.2, 0405 { 9 { 3.2,
0405 { 9 { 4.2, 0506 { 8 { 2.2, 0506 { 11 { 5.2, 10 { 11 { 4.3,
10 { 11 { 5.3, 0203 { 9 { 4.2

9596 { 10 { II2, 9899 { 9 { 1.2,
9899 { 10 { 4.2, 0001 { 7 { 2.2, 0001 { 9 { 3.2, 0001 { 10 { 2.2,
0102 { 7 { 4.2, 0102 { 8 { 3.2, 0102 { 8 { 4.2, 0203 { 8 { 3.2,
0304 { 7 { 1.2, 0304 { 7 { 2.2, 0304 { 7 { 4.2, 0304 { 11 { 3.2,
0405 { 8 { 1.2, 0405 { 11 { 3.2, 0506 { 7 { 3.2, 0506 { 8 { 3.2,
0203 { 8 { 3.2, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 3.2

9899 { 9 { 3.2, 9900 { 9 { 5.2,
0001 { 8 { 2.2, 0001 { 11 { 5.2, 0203 { 8 { 4.2, 0304 { 7 { 3.2,
0405 { 8 { 4.2, 0506 { 8 { 4.2, 0506 { 10 { 5.3, 0203 { 8 { 4.2,
0506 { 9 { 11 { 2.2

9798 { 10 { 4.2, 9899 { 7 { 3.1, 9899 { 9
{ 1.3, 9899 { 11 { 3.2, 9900 { 8 { 4.2, 9900 { 10 { 3.2, 0001 { 8 {
1.2, 0001 { 9 { 2.2, 0102 { 8 { 1.2, 0203 { 9 { 5.1, 0203 { 11 { 3.3,
0304 { 9 { 2.2, 0304 { 9 { 4.2, 0304 { 11 { 1.2, 0405 { 9 { 2.2, 0405
{ 10 { 5.3, 0203 { 9 { 2.3, 0203 { 9 { 3.2, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 2.2,
0405 { 8 { 9 { 3.2, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 4.1, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 2.2

9899 { 9 { 1.3, 9900 { 9 { 2.2, 0001 { 10 { 2.2,
0001 { 10 { 4.3, 0203 { 10 { 4.1, 0304 { 8 { 4.2, 0304 { 9 { 5.2, 0304
{ 11 { 2.2, 0506 { 9 { 4.2, 0506 { 10 { 4.2, 0203 { 8 { 3.2, 0405
{ 8 { 9 { 1.2, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 4.2

9899 { 10 { 4.2, 9900 { 11 { 1.2, 0001 { 10 { 4.2,
0405 { 10 { 4.1, 0506 { 10 { 4.2, 0203 { 8 { 4.2
| 347 |

9899 { 10 { 5.2, 0102 { 11 { 4.2
9798 { 10 { 2.2, 9899 { 10 { 3.2, 9900 { 11 { 2.2,
0102 { 10 { 2.2, 0102 { 10 { 3.2, 0102 { 11 { 4.2, 0203 { 10 { 4.1,
0203 { 10 { 5.2, 0304 { 10 { 4.2, 0304 { 11 { 2.2, 0405 { 10 { 3.2,
0506 { 11 { 3.2
9899 { 11 { 3.2, 9900 { 11 { 2.2, 0001 { 7 { 4.2,
0001 { 9 { 2.2, 0001 { 11 { 2.2, 0304 { 9 { 2.2, 0405 { 10 { 5.3, 10
{ 11 { 2.3

9596 { 10 {
2, 9899 { 9 { 1.2, 9900 { 10 { 2.2, 0001 { 9 { 1.2, 0001 { 9 { 5.2,
0001 { 10 { 3.2, 0001 { 11 { 4.2, 0304 { 9 { 2.2, 0405 { 9 { 3.2, 0506
{ 9 { 4.2, 0506 { 10 { 5.2, 0203 { 9 { 4.2, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 3.2,
0506 { 9 { 11 { 4.2,
9900 { 9 { 2.2, 9900 { 11 { 2.2, 0102 { 8 { 2.2,
0304 { 10 { 4.2, 0405 { 10 { 3.2, 10 { 11 { 2.3
9899 { 11 { 5.2, 9900 { 11 { 1.2, 0001 { 9 { 5.2,
0001 { 10 { 3.2, 0001 { 11 { 5.2, 0102 { 8 { 2.2, 0102 { 9 { 3.2,
0304 { 10 { 3.2, 0304 { 10 { 5.2, 0304 { 11 { 2.2, 0405 { 9 { 4.2,
0405 { 9 { 5.2, 0506 { 11 { 5.2, 10 { 11 { 3.3, 10 { 11 { 5.3,
0405 { 8 { 9 { 4.2

0001 { 11 { 2.2, 0405 { 9 { 4.2,

0506 { 10 { 3.2
9798 { 10 { 5.2, 9899 { 9 { 2.2, 9899 { 10 { 2.2, 9900 {

8 { 3.2, 9900 { 11 { 2.2, 0001 { 8 { 1.2, 0102 { 8 { 1.2, 0102 { 8 {
2.2, 0304 { 8 { 4.2, 0304 { 10 { 4.2, 0405 { 10 { 5.2, 0405 { 11 { 1.2,
0405 { 6 { 7 { 2.2
9899 { 9 { 3.2, 9899 { 10 { 3.1, 9900 { 9 { 1.1, 0102

{ 8 { 1.2, 0102 { 9 { 5.2, 0203 { 8 { 4.2, 0203 { 10 { 3.2, 0203 {
11 { 2.2, 0304 { 8 { 1.2, 0304 { 8 { 3.2, 0304 { 9 { 1.2, 0304 { 9 {
5.2, 0304 { 11 { 3.2, 0405 { 8 { 4.2, 0506 { 8 { 1.2, 0506 { 10 { 2.2,
0203 { 8 { 2.2, 0203 { 8 { 3.2, 0203 { 9 { 3.2, 0203 { 9 { 4.2
9798 { 10 { 5.2, 0001 { 10 { 5.2, 0203 { 9 { 2.2, 0304 { 11 { 2.2,
0203 { 8 { 2.2
9798 { 10 { 5.2, 0001 { 9 { 1.2, 0102 { 8 { 4.2,

0304 { 8 { 3.2, 0405 { 8 { 2.2, 0405 { 11 { 5.2
9900 { 9 { 3.2, 9900 { 10 { 2.2, 0102 { 10 { 1.2, 0304 { 7
{ 3.2, 0304 { 9 { 1.2, 0405 { 9 { 5.2, 0506 { 8 { 4.2, 10 { 11 { 5.3,
0506 { 9 { 11 { 3.2
| 348 |

9596 { 10 { 2, 9798 { 10 { 3.2, 9899 { 9 { 4.2, 9899 { 10 { 1.2,
9899 { 11 { 1.2, 9900 { 9 { 5.2, 9900 { 10 { 1.2, 0001 { 8 { 4.2, 0001
{ 9 { 4.2, 0001 { 11 { 4.2, 0102 { 9 { 2.2, 0203 { 9 { 3.2, 0304 { 8 {
2.2, 0304 { 9 { 3.2, 0304 { 10 { 3.2, 0304 { 11 { 3.2, 0304 { 11 { 4.2,
0405 { 8 { 3.2, 0405 { 9 { 1.2, 0405 { 9 { 2.2, 0506 { 8 { 3.2, 0506 {
9 { 4.2, 10 { 11 { 1.3, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 2.2

9899 { 10 { 1.2, 0001 { 9 { 3.2, 0001 {
9 { 4.2, 0102 { 11 { 3.2, 0203 { 10 { 1.2, 0203 { 11 { 1.2, 0203 { 11 {
4.2, 0405 { 10 { 2.2, 0405 { 11 { 3.2, 0506 { 9 { 4.2, 0506 { 10 { 4.2,
0506 { 10 { 5.2, 0203 { 8 { 3.2

0203 { 10 { 2.2, 0405 { 10 { 5.2

9899 { 11 { 1.2, 9900 { 8 { 2.2, 9900 {
10 { 1.2, 0203 { 9 { 2.2, 0506 { 9 { 2.2

9899 { 10 { 4.2,
9900 { 11 { 1.2,
0304 { 11 { 4.2,
9596 { 10 { 2, 9596 { 10 { III2, 9798 { 10 { 5.1,

9899 { 11 { 1.2, 9899 { 11 { 2.2, 9900 { 8 { 1.2,
0001 { 8 { 1.3, 0001 { 10 { 1.2, 0102 { 8 { 4.2,
0405 { 11 { 5.2, 0506 { 9 { 5.2
9596 { 10 { III2, 9900 { 8 { 2.2, 0001 { 8 { 3.2,

0102 { 9 { 5.2, 0102 { 11 { 2.2, 0203 { 9 { 1.2, 0304 { 11 { 4.2,
0405 { 10 { 1.2, 0506 { 9 { 5.2, 0506 { 10 { 3.2, 10 { 11 { 2.3,
0506 { 9 { 11 { 1.2
,
0506 { 9 { 5.2
9596 { 10 { III2, 0405 { 11 { 5.2,
9899 { 11 { 2.2,
9899 { 11 { 5.2,
9900 { 10 { 5.2, 0001 { 10 { 5.2, 0203 { 10 { 2.2, 0203 { 11 { 3.2,
0405 { 10 { 1.2, 0506 { 11 { 1.2,

11 { 3.3,
9899 { 11 { 2.2, 9900 { 11 { 5.2, 0405 {
9596 { 10 { 2, 9899 { 9 { 2.2, 9900 { 9 { 3.2, 9900 { 10 { 2.2,

0001 { 8 { 1.3, 0001 { 10 { 1.2, 0102 { 11 { 1.1, 0405 { 11 { 1.2,
0506 { 11 { 1.2, 6 { 7 { 1.2, 10 { 11 { 5.3
0001 { 9 { 5.2, 0102 { 8 { 4.2, 0102 { 9 { 4.2, 0203 { 8 { 3.2, 0304 {

11 { 4.2, 0506 { 9 { 5.2
,
8 { 4.2, 0405 { 9 { 5.2, 0506 { 8 { 4.2
| 349 |
0203 { 8 { 4.2, 0304 {

9900 { 10 { 5.2, 0304 { 9 { 3.2, 0304 { 10 {
3.2, 0304 { 11 { 4.2, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 3.2

9596 { 10 { I2, 9798 { 10 { 4.2, 9899 { 10 {
2.2, 0001 { 11 { 4.2, 0203 { 9 { 2.2, 0203 { 10 { 1.3, 0203 { 10 { 3.2,
0304 { 9 { 5.2, 0405 { 10 { 5.2, 0405 { 11 { 3.2, 0506 { 8 { 3.2, 0506
{ 10 { 4.2, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 4.1
9899 { 9 { 3.2, 9900 { 10 { 4.2, 0001 { 10 { 5.2, 0102 { 10
{ 5.2, 0203 { 9 { 4.2, 0203 { 11 { 4.2, 0405 { 8 { 4.2, 0506 { 11 { 5.2

0102 { 10 { 1.2, 0203 { 9 { 5.2, 0304
{ 10 { 2.2, 0304 { 11 { 1.3, 0405 { 10 { 1.2, 0506 { 8 { 3.2
0203 { 10 { 5.3, 0304 { 11 { 3.2

7 { 2.2
0001 { 8 { 1.1, 0405 { 7 { 3.2, 0405 { 9 { 3.3, 0506 {

9900 { 10 { 4.2,
0304 { 11 { 1.3,
0203 { 9 { 2.3,
9899 { 10 { 3.1, 9899 { 10 { 5.1, 9900 { 8 { 3.2,

0102 { 10 { 4.1, 0304 { 9 { 3.2, 0304 { 10 { 2.2,
0304 { 11 { 4.2, 0506 { 9 { 4.1, 0506 { 10 { 5.3,
0203 { 9 { 4.2, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 4.1
9899 { 11 { 4.2, 9900 { 10 { 5.2, 9900 { 11 {

3.2, 0102 { 10 { 4.2, 0102 { 10 { 5.2, 0304 { 11 { 5.2, 0405 { 11 {
5.2, 0506 { 11 { 2.2
0102 { 11 { 3.3, 0405 { 11 { 2.2,

0001 { 11 { 3.2, 0506 { 10 { 1.2, 0506 { 10 { 1.3,
0304 { 10 { 1.2, 0304 { 11 { 5.2
0001 { 7 { 1.2, 0405 { 10 { 4.2, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 4.2

0001 { 7 { 3.2, 0203 { 11 { 5.2, 0304 { 11 { 1.2, 0405 { 11 { 4.2
9899 { 10 { 5.2, 9900 { 10 { 3.2, 9900 { 11 { 4.2, 0001 { 10 {

4.2, 0001 { 11 { 1.2, 0102 { 11 { 5.2, 0506 { 9 { 11 { 2.2

0405 { 11 { 5.2
| 350 |
0506 { 11 { 4.2
0203 { 11 { 5.3, 0405 { 11 { 5.1

10 { 4.2
9899 { 10 { 5.2, 9900 { 11 { 4.2, 0405 {

9900 { 10 { 1.3, 0102 { 8 { 3.3, 0102 { 9 { 3.3,
0203 { 7 { 3.2, 0203 { 8 { 1.2, 0203 { 9 { 4.2, 0304 { 8 { 4.3, 0304
{ 9 { 2.2, 0405 { 7 { 1.2, 0405 { 7 { 4.2, 0405 { 8 { 3.2, 0405 { 10
{ 4.2, 0506 { 7 { 1.2, 0506 { 7 { 4.2, 0506 { 9 { 3.2, 6 { 7 { 2.2,
0203 { 8 { 1.2, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 4.2, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 2.2
+
9900 { 7 { 4.2, 0001 { 7 { 4.2, 0203 { 9 { 3.3
9899 { 11 { 4.2, 9900 { 7 { 2.2, 0001 { 8 { 4.3, 0001 { 10 {

4.3, 0001 { 10 { 5.2, 0102 { 7 { 2.2, 0102 { 8 { 4.3, 0102 { 10 {
2.3, 0102 { 11 { 3.3, 0304 { 10 { 2.3, 0304 { 10 { 1.2, 0405 { 7 { 2.2,
0405 { 11 { 2.2, 0405 { 11 { 3.3, 0506 { 10 { 1.2, 0506 { 11 { 5.3,
6 { 7 { 3.2, 6 { 7 { 4.2, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 1.2, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 3.2
9900 { 9 { 3.3, 0001 { 7 { 3.3, 0001 { 9 { 1.1, 0102 { 8 { 4.3, 0203 {

7 { 1.3, 6 { 7 { 2.3, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 1.3
0102 { 7 { 2.3
9899 { 10 { 3.3, 9900 { 10 { 5.1, 0001 { 10 {

5.3, 0001 { 11 { 4.3, 0203 { 9 { 4.3, 10 { 11 { 5.2, 0405 { 8 { 9
{ 4.3
0203 { 9 { 4.3
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. . . 9900 { 10 { 1.3, 0102 { 9 { 1.3, 0102 { 9 { 5.3, 0203

{ 9 { 5.3, 0304 { 9 { 2.3, 0304 { 11 { 3.3, 0405 { 7 { 4.2, 0405 { 9 {
5.3, 0506 { 8 { 4.3
+
0405 { 7 { 3.3, 0405 { 8 { 4.3, 0405 { 9 { 1.3, 0405 { 9 {
3.3, 0405 { 10 { 3.3, 0506 { 10 { 2.3, 0506 { 10 { 3.3, 0506 { 11 {
1.3, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 2.3

0304 { 7 { 2.3, 0304 { 7 { 4.3, 0405 { 8 { 3.3,
0405 { 10 { 4.3, 0506 { 7 { 1.3, 0506 { 9 { 5.3, 0506 { 11 { 3.3, 0506
{ 9 { 11 { 2.3
| 351 |

0001 { 9 { 3.3, 0001 { 9 { 5.3, 0304 { 9 { 5.3, 0304 { 10 {
5.3, 0203 { 8 { 3.3
,
11 { 2.1
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9596 { 10 { II3, 9900 { 8 { 2.3, 9900 { 8 { 3.3, 0001 { 7 { 4.2,

0102 { 8 { 3.3, 0304 { 10 { 3.3, 0405 { 9 { 1.3, 0405 { 10 { 4.3,
0506 { 10 { 1.3, 0506 { 10 { 3.3, 0506 { 11 { 5.3, 0506 { 9 { 11 {
2.3

9596 { 10 { II3, 9798 { 10 { 4.3, 9899 {
10 { 2.3, 0102 { 8 { 3.3, 0304 { 11 { 4.3, 0405 { 7 { 4.3, 0506 { 7 {
4.1, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 2.3

9798 { 10 { 2.3, 9900 { 9 { 2.3, 0001 { 10 { 5.3,
0102 { 11 { 1.2, 0405 { 10 { 5.3, 0405 { 11 { 4.3, 0506 { 9 { 5.3,
0506 { 11 { 3.3, 0203 { 8 { 3.3, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 4.3, 0506 { 9
{ 11 { 1.3

9899 { 11 { 5.3, 9900 { 11 { 2.3,
0304 { 10 { 2.1, 0304 { 10 { 3.3, 0304 { 10 { 5.3, 0506 { 9 { 2.3
6 { 7 { 3.3
0203 { 7 { 4.3, 0304 { 8 { 2.3, 0304 { 9 { 1.3, 0405 { 8 { 2.3, 0506 {
11 { 3.3
0506 { 9 { 3.3
0405 { 7 { 1.1
9899 { 11 { 2.3, 0304 { 10 { 5.3, 0405 { 8 { 1.3, 6 { 7 { 3.1,

0203 { 8 { 4.3, 0405 { 6 { 7 { 3.3, 0405 { 8 { 9 { 2.3
| 352 |
( )
[1] . . , . . .
. | .: , 2003.
[2] . . , . . . .
. | .: , 2002.
[3] . . , . . .
. . , 15, 1995.
[4] . . , . . . . | .:
, 1997.
[5] . . , . . . . | .: , 1986.
[6] . . . .
| .: , 2005.
[7] . . . . . 7 { 9. | .: ,
2004.
[8] . . , . . , . . . . | , , , 1992.
[9] . . , . . , . . .
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10 { 11 . | .: , 1990.
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[17] . . . 7
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[20] . . , . . . . | .: , , 1989.
[21] . . . |
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[22]
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1998.
[23] 6 { 8
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1992.
[26] ( ). | .: , 1996.
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[7] .. , .. . . 9 (2000/01 . .).
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[8] .. , .. . . 11 (2000/01 . .).
18, 2001.
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. .

: A(3; 7;5); B (2; 2); C (3; 2; 6; 4);

: 2222 ; 2222 ; 2222 ; 222 ;

1999 2000x + 2001x 2000 = 1?

(2 + 3) (22 + 32 ) : : : (2256 + 3256 ) (2512 + 3512 ) + 21024

: |x + 2000| < |x 2001|.

c x: (a2 1) (b 1) x = (a 1) (b2 1).

2.2. ABC : A > B > C .

, a2 + bc = a(b + c); b2 + ac = b(c + ); c2 + ab = c(a + b).

P (x) = (1 3x + 3x2 )743 (1 + 3x 3x2 )797 :

(x2 + 2x + 4)(y 2 6y + 11) = 6:

x2 < 1 2 sin 2x:

cos A + cos B + cos C;

: 1 + x2 + x4 + : : : + x3998 + x4000 = 2001x2000 .

sin( 2) + sin(2 2) + : : : + sin(n 2) > 2000?

S (x) | x. x + S (x) = 2001.

: (2x + 2) (5 2x) (4x2 + 8x + 11) = 10(2x + 3)2 .

xy2 + yz 2 + zx2 > 1.

2.2. ABC AA1

sin x + tg2 x + sin3 x + tg4 x + : : : < 1; 2:

2.2. O | ABCD. AOB , BOC , COD DOA

1.3. n , 2000 <

: (1+tg 1 ) (1+tg 2 ) : : : (1+tg 44 ).

: 2|x| cos y + lg(1 + x2 + |y |) = 0.

, 9x2 + 16y 2 + 144z 2 = 169.

, sin > 0 sin 3 > 0; 25, , sin >

) = 0;5 +3; ) = 0;7; ) = 0;5 +3; ) = x; ) = 0;7 +0;4.

2.1. : (x2 + 3x + 2)(x + 3) = (x + 1)(x2 + 5x + 6).

(x + b)(x2 + cx + 6) = x3 + (b + c)x2 + (bc + 6) + 6b:

8 + 222 444 888 + 444 888 1776

a > c, a > b > c. ,

ab + bc ac b2 = (ab ac)+(bc b2 ) = a(b c) b(b c) = (a b)(b c) > 0:

11x = 2380 + r, x = 216 +

50 + 160 2 = 370 ().

, , 642 643 = 326 .

+3)+16 = (x2 9) (x2 1)+16 = x4 10x2 +25 = (x2 5)2 .

, 17 (117 + 1) = 2006 17 117 + 17 = 2006

1024 21024 + 21024

a4 + 4b4 = (a4 + 4a2 b2 + 4b2 ) 4a2 b2 =

. BAM = 90 ABC = 30 ( ). MQN =

x4 y4 +x4 +y4 +14x2 y2 = 0 (x4 y4 2x2 y2 +1)+(x4 2x2 y2 +y4 ) = 0

= 0 x2 +y 2 +z 2 +2(xy +yz +zx) = 0. x2 +y 2 +z 2 > 0

c, yz > x(y + z ) = x2 , , 2yz > x2 .

| BAK , BAC = BCA = 4 ; ABC = 2 ;

a6 + 3a2 b2 + b6 = (2 + b2 )(4 a2 b2 + b4 ) + 3a2 b2 =

a6 + 3a2 b2 + b6 = (2 + b2 )3 3a4 b2 3a2 b4 + 3a2 b2 =

(50 + 49) = 50(502 12 ) (502 22 ) : : : (502 492 ) < 50 (502 )49

, , X = 2002 20032002 Y = 2003 20022003.

a = 2002, X = a ((a + 1) 104 + a); Y = (a + 1) (a 104 + a + 1).

a + b = c + d, (a + b)2 = (c + d)2 a2 + 2ab + b2 = c2 + 2cd + d2 ,

(x + y )3 = x3 + 3x2 y + 3xy 2 + y 3 = (x3 + y 3 ) +

2) b > 50, 2b > 100. , (

(. . 71). CC 0 D0 D | , 0 + DD0 = 2BC + 2AD = 2CD = CD + C 0 D.

. K M , AM AK , AKM AKP M (. . 76). BCM , KCA BKP

a > 0 ( , a 6 0). a < 0

OB = sinr , OC = sinr . sin x 0 90 ,

x41 + x42 = (x21 + x22 )2 2x21 x22 =

CKH | (KO) (CH ). F = (KO) (CH )

< 5x + 3x 1 < x < 4. , 16 < P < 40.

B < 1 000 000 1 000 000

x [5; +), 15x + 15 = 5x 15; x = 3 6 [5; +);

x + y2 + z 2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2xz = 9;

: 2x2 +2y 2 +2z 2 = 2xy +2yz +2xz .

| BAK , BAC = BCA = 4; ABC = 2;

t cos 3t = 0 sin t + sin 2t = 0 t = + n,