AISI 1018 Mild/Low Carbon Steel

AISI1018Mild/LowCarbonSteel
WrittenbyAZoM

Jul52012

TopicsCovered
Introduction
ChemicalComposition
PhysicalProperties
MechanicalProperties
ElectricalProperties
Machining
Weldability
HeatTreatment
Normalizing
Forging
Tempering
Annealing
StressRelieving
CaseHardening
CoreRefining
Carburizing
ApplicationsofAISI1018Mild/LowCarbonSteel

Introduction
AISI1018mild/lowcarbonsteelhasexcellentweldabilityandproducesauniformand
hardercaseanditisconsideredasthebeststeelforcarburizedparts.AISI1018mild/low
carbonsteeloffersagoodbalanceoftoughness,strengthandductility.Providedwith
highermechanicalproperties,AISI1018hotrolledsteelalsoincludesimprovedmachining
characteristicsandBrinellhardness.
Specificmanufacturingcontrolsareusedforsurfacepreparation,chemicalcomposition,
rollingandheatingprocesses.Alltheseprocessesdevelopasupremequalityproductthat
aresuitedtofabricationprocessessuchaswelding,forging,drilling,machining,cold
drawingandheattreating.

ChemicalComposition

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AISI 1018 Mild/Low Carbon Steel

Element

Content

Carbon,C

0.140.20%

Iron,Fe

98.8199.26%(asremainder)

Manganese,Mn

0.600.90%

Phosphorous,P

0.040%

Sulfur,S

0.050%

PhysicalProperties
PhysicalProperties
Density

Metric

Imperial

7.87g/cc

0.284lb/in3

MechanicalProperties
MechanicalProperties

Metric

Imperial

Hardness,Brinell

126

126

Hardness,Knoop(ConvertedfromBrinellhardness)

145

145

Hardness,RockwellB(ConvertedfromBrinellhardness)

71

71

Hardness,Vickers(ConvertedfromBrinellhardness)

131

131

TensileStrength,Ultimate

440MPa 63800psi

TensileStrength,Yield

370MPa 53700psi

ElongationatBreak(In50mm)

15.0%

15.0%

ReductionofArea

40.0%

40.0%

ModulusofElasticity(Typicalforsteel)

205GPa 29700ksi

BulkModulus(Typicalforsteel)

140GPa 20300ksi

PoissonsRatio(TypicalForSteel)

0.290

0.290

Machinability(BasedonAISI1212steel.as100%machinability)

70%

70%

ShearModulus(Typicalforsteel)

80.0GPa 11600ksi

ElectricalProperties
ElectricalProperties

Metric

English

Comments

Electricalresistivity@0C(32F)

0.0000159cm 0.0000159cm annealedcondition

@100C/212F

0.0000219cm 0.0000219cm annealedcondition

@200C/392F

0.0000293cm 0.0000293cm annealedcondition

Machining
ThemachinabilityofAISI1018mild/lowcarbonsteelisgradedat78%ofB1112.

Weldability
AISI1018mild/lowcarbonsteelcanbeinstantlyweldedbyalltheconventionalwelding
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AISI 1018 Mild/Low Carbon Steel

processes.WeldingisnotrecommendedforAISI1018mild/lowcarbonsteelwhenitis
carbonitridedandcarburized.
Lowcarbonweldingelectrodesaretobeusedintheweldingprocedure,andpostheating
andpreheatingarenotnecessary.Preheatingcanbeperformedforsectionsover50
mm.Postweldstressrelievingalsohasitsownbeneficialaspectslikethepreheating
process.

HeatTreatment
TheheattreatmentforAISI1018mild/lowcarbonsteelconsistsofthefollowingprocesses:

Normalizing
AISI1018mild/lowcarbonsteelshouldbeheatedat890C940Candthencooled
instillair.

Forging
Thisprocessrequiresheatingbetween1150C1280CandAISI1018mild/low
carbonsteelishelduntilthetemperaturebecomesconstant.
900Cistheminimumtemperaturerequiredfortheforgingprocess.
Thesteelisthencooledinairafterthisprocess.

Tempering
AISI1018mild/lowcarbonsteelistemperedatbetween150C200Cfor
improvementofcasetoughness.Thisprocesshaslittleornoeffectonhardness.
TheoccurrenceofgrindingcracksisreducedwhenAISI1018mild/lowcarbonsteel
istemperedattheabovementionedtemperature.

Annealing
TheAISI1018mild/lowcarbonsteelisheatedat870C910Candallowedtocool
inafurnace

StressRelieving
500C700CisrequiredtorelievestressinAISI1018mild/lowcarbonsteelthatis
latercooleddowninstillair.

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AISI 1018 Mild/Low Carbon Steel

CaseHardening
Thisprocessrequiresheatingtobecarriedoutbetween780C820C.AISI1018
mild/lowcarbonsteelisthenquenchedinwater.

CoreRefining
Thisisanoptionalprocessthatrequiresheatingat880C920C.
AISI1018mild/lowcarbonsteelafterbeingheatedismoistenedinoilorwater.

Carburizing
Carburizingtakesplaceat880C920C.

ApplicationsofAISI1018Mild/LowCarbonSteel
Itisusedinbending,crimpingandswagingprocesses.
Carburizedpartsthatincludeworms,gears,pins,dowels,noncriticalcomponentsof
toolanddiesets,toolholders,pinions,machineparts,ratchets,dowelsandchain
pinsuseAISI1018mild/lowcarbonsteel.
Itiswidelyusedforfixtures,mountingplatesandspacers.
Itissuitablyusedinapplicationsthatdonotneedhighstrengthofalloysteelsand
highcarbon.
Itprovideshighsurfacehardnessandasoftcoretopartsthatincludeworms,dogs,
pins,liners,machineryparts,specialbolts,ratchets,chainpins,oiltoolslips,tierods,
anchorpins,studsetc.
Itisusedtoimprovedrilling,machining,threadingandpunchingprocesses.
Itisusedtopreventcrackinginseverebends.

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