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Treatment evaluation leads to problem identification and to continuously improved treatments. The
prime source of information on which to build an evaluation are the acid treatment report and the
pressure and rate data during injection and falloff. The tasks of execution and evaluation go hand in
hand. Proper execution, quality control, and record keeping are prerequisites to the task of accurate
evaluation. Evaluation of unsatisfactory treatments is essential to recommending changes in
chemicals and/or treating techniques and procedures that will provide the best treatment for
acidizing wells in the future.
Contents
1 Evaluation process
5 Achieved results
6 Reporting
7 Continuous improvement
o
8 References
10 External links
11 See also
12 Category
Evaluation process
The evaluation process encompasses six major areas on which to focus when assessing job
performance and acid treatment success:
It is important to know that the treatment removed the damage in the wellbore during treatment as
intended. If damage occurred after the treatment, steps can be taken to prevent that damage in a
later treatment of that well or others in the reservoir by such steps as utilizing different additives to
keep reaction products in solution, overflushing the reaction products deeper into the formation,
using different acids or acid concentrations to prevent the excess precipitation of acid reaction
products, or using stabilizers to prevent fines from returning to the wellbore and reducing
productivity.
Achieved results
If the anticipated productivity was achieved, the acid treatment worked as designed. If not, the
entire treatment should be reviewed to analyze the causes.
Reporting
The engineer evaluating the treatment should individually discuss the treatment with the service
company supervising engineer and the operating company supervisor. Their observations lead to
future treatment improvements.
The acid treatment report and the pressure/rate treatment charts are the best sources of
information. The engineer can observe and follow the injectivity during the entire process to see
whether the injectivity decreased during the treatment. Plugging or reduced injectivity during the
first injection into the wellbore can be traced to solids suspended in injected fluids at the beginning
of the treatment. The condition of the well, well preparation, and QC sampling can reveal the source
of these plugging solids.
Continuous improvement
Nitters et al.[2] present a systematic approach for candidate selection, damage evaluation, and
treatment selection and design using a recently developed integrated software package. They
recognize the importance of evaluating skin factors from well tests to determine what could be
improved. After identifying damage mechanisms, they used an expert system and geochemical
simulator to select appropriate treatment fluids. They also developed software for the evaluation
and design of acid placement.
Strategy for acidizing
Hashem et al.[3] produced an excellent example of a complete strategy for acidizing. Well analysis
and sampling identified the damage mechanisms that were removed by the appropriate acid
systems and additives that were selected using:
Formation mineralogy
Well preparation, job supervision, and on-site monitoring played key roles in the success of the acid
treatments. Treatment evaluations were performed to identify problems with some acid treatments,
which led to improved additive formulations and improved spent-acid cleanup procedures. These
steps resulted in an 86% success rate in treatment of water-injection wells and significantly
improved water injectivity.
Successful acidizing is assured by proper treatment design, well preparation, and execution, which
includes significant practices:
Acid type and concentration designed for the mineralogy and the permeability of the
formation
Acids, additives, and solvent flush designed for proper acid/reservoir fluid compatibility
Sufficient time provided for acid contact and penetration of all perforations