ZLS

Distance Protection Terminal

Protection, Control, Metering and Communications

FZLSI610B

Description
The ZLS terminal is an IED designed with
the latest digital technology to provide fast,
safe and reliable protection for all types of
faults between phases and between phase
and ground, in transmission, subtransmission, and distribution lines.

Application
Busbar "A"

Remote Center

Busbar "B"

The terminal is equipped with four reversible

protection zones.
Each zone has
independent reach settings and single
and/or three phase tripping.
Substation Central /
Concentrator Unit

The following distance measuring unit

characteristics are incorporated in the
default step distance protection scheme:
Dynamic Variable Mho (phase faults)
Quadrilateral and/or Mho (ground faults)
In addition to step distance protection, the
following pilot communication schemes can
be implemented:
Permissive Underreach
Permissive Overreach
Directional Comparison (blocking)
Hybrid (weak infeed)
Each IED can be used individually or
integrated into larger systems with other
protective devices. Local and remote
communications ports facilitate either type
of application. When a ZLS is part of a
Substation Integration Protection and
Control System (SIPACS), it is linked to a
substation Central Unit. The Central Unit is
responsible for external communication and,
if necessary, will emulate specified
communications protocols.

52
Local PC

Distance relaying requires dependable and

secure high-speed operation. To achieve
these characteristics the ZLS implements
up to four zones of protection that can be
supervised by out-of-step detection and/or
fuse failure detection. The distance
measuring characteristic is selectable. The
user can chose the Mho characteristic for
phase faults and the Quadrilateral and/or
Mho characteristic for ground faults.

each terminal trips independently and

operation is not dependent on a
communications channel.

A number of Auxiliary Units are also

available to provide tripping for the following
conditions:

Permissive Underreaching Scheme:

Remote Breaker Open Detection

Close-onto-Fault Detection
Overvoltage
Undervoltage
Directional Overcurrent
Step distance protection is based on simple
operating principles. The main
advantage of this
scheme is

However, it is common practice to

complement a step distance scheme with a
pilot communication scheme to achieve
faster tripping speed while retaining
dependability and security. The ZLS
incorporates the following selectable pilot
communication schemes:

The distance tripping units (Zone 1) are set

short of the remote line terminal(s). Zone 2
distance fault detectors, which can also
function as delayed direct trip units, must be
set to overreach the remote line terminal(s).
When an internal line fault occurs the
distance tripping unit at one end trips its
associated
circuit
breaker
and
simultaneously sends a permissive trip
signal to the remote terminal(s). A circuit
breaker trip will occur at the remote
terminal(s) when its corresponding Zone 2
distance fault detector picks up and the
permissive signal is received.

Permissive Overreaching Scheme:

The distance protection is set to
overreach the remote end of the line and
to send a permissive trip signal to the
remote end when the distance unit
(Zone 1 or 2) operates. A trip takes
place when the distance unit picks up
and a permissive trip signal is received.
Directional Comparison Blocking
Scheme:
At each terminal, the distance tripping
units are set to overreach the remote
terminal. Distance blocking units are
also used at each terminal and are set
to respond to faults in the opposite
direction of the tripping units. Only the
distance tripping units (Zone 1 or 2) will
respond for internal line faults. For faults
external to the line section, the distance
blocking unit (Zone 4) adjacent to the
fault will transmit a blocking signal to the
other line terminal to prevent operation
of the distance tripping unit. Distance
tripping units must have a short timedelayed operation to allow time for the
blocking signal to be received.

Guidelines to determine the type of

scheme to be used:
In permissive schemes security
supercedes dependability. In the case of
a communication channel failure,
tripping is disabled.
Blocking schemes require a reverse
blocking
unit.
Consequently,
dependability supercedes security. If a
communication channel fails during fault
conditions, an undesirable trip may
occur. In the presence of an internal

fault, the trip is guaranteed even if the

communications channel is not
operative.
Permissive schemes do not operate
correctly under weak infeed conditions.
Therefore, they must be complemented
with the "echo" function (hybrid).
Blocking schemes require longer trip
clearing times due to the security wait
time. This security wait time provides a
slight time delay to allow coordination for
blocking signal propagation.

Functions
The ZLS terminals incorporate the following protection functions:
Single/Three-phase Trip
Four Trip Zones (all reversible)
Trip Logic Schemes
Step Distance
Permissive Overreach
Permissive Underreach
Directional Comparison Blocking
Hybrid
Measuring Unit Characteristics
Dynamic Variable Mho (Phase faults)
Quadrilateral and/or Mho (Ground faults)

Hybrid Scheme:
This is a variation of a previous scheme.
The operation principle is as follows:
under normal conditions, the system
operates in the permissive overreach
mode; to obtain a protection trip, both an
overreach unit must respond and a
permissive trip signal from the other end
must be received. Additionally, the
protection scheme is equipped with a
reverse blocking unit as in the blocking
scheme.
If one permissive trip signal is received
and neither of the two protection units
(overreaching and reverse blocking
units) are picked up, the trip signal will
be retransmitted back to the other end
("echoing the received signal). This
allows a trip to occur under weak infeed
conditions.

Additional functions:

Out of Step Blocking

Close-onto-Fault Detection
Remote Breaker Open Detection
VT Fuse Failure Detection
Weak Infeed Tripping
Single/Three Pole Recloser
(reclosing can be coordinated with
external equipment)
Reclosing sequences for phase
faults and ground faults can be set
independently.
Reclosing is selectable, with up to a
maximum of three shots with
independent settings for close
attempt intervals (dead time) and
reset times.
Local Breaker Control
5 Selectable Characteristic Curves
(1 user definable)

3 Alternative Setting Groups

5 LED Targets, 4 Configurable
14 Programmable Digital Inputs
14 Programmable Auxiliary
Outputs
Trip and Close Outputs
Breaker Monitoring (I2 Alarm,
Maximum Number of Trips and Trip /
Close Time Operation Alarm)
Trip and Close Coil Supervision
Local and Remote Communication
Interface
Time Synchronization
Metering
Sequence of Events Recording
Metering Data Log (History)
Communications
Program

Functions
Oscillography:

Fault reporting:

The following data is stored with time resolution equal to the sampling rate:

The ZLS also creates a fault report

with relevant information related to
faults cleared by the unit. It stores the
last fifteen (15) trips in non-volatile
memory. When full, a new record
displaces the oldest one.

Analog values of recorded quantities

Starting time of the oscillography record
Two selectable recording modes are available:
Definite Time
Variable Time
In the Definite Time mode, oscillographic recording begins when a selected element
is picked-up or activated. The recording ends when the user-set record length is
reached.
In the Variable Time mode, oscillographic recording begins when a selected element
is picked-up or activated. The recording ends when the picked-up unit is reset.
Pre-fault time (1 or 2 cycles) is defined as the length of pre-fault data stored before
the picked-up unit triggers the recording.

Event Recording
Phase voltage and current measured when an event is generated
Event date and time
Stores 100 events. When the record is full, the newest event displaces the oldest
one.

Voltage, Current and Power Log (History)

This function periodically records voltage, current and real power values. The
terminal unit samples three phase current and phase A voltage every second and
then calculates the average value for each quantity over the interval defined as the
Sample Time Interval. This time interval can be set between 1 and 15 minutes. At
the end of the interval the highest values are recorded.
At the end of the recording period, adjustable between 1 minute and 24 hours, the
minimum and maximum values recorded from each Data Record Interval are
entered in the historical record.
The available RAM memory for voltage, current and power history data corresponds
to 168 records (equivalent to seven days in the recording period with intervals of one
hour).

The information stored in each fault

report is listed below:
Fault initiation time tag (corresponds to
the time when the first element
involved in the fault responds)
Trip command time tag
Fault end time tag (corresponds to the
time when the last element involved in
the fault resets)
Element initiating trip
Elements picked up during the duration
of the fault
Pre-fault voltages and currents (three
phase voltage, and three phase and
ground current values corresponding
to one cycle before the fault is initiated)
Current interrupted by the breaker
(maximum phase current recorded
between the moment the trip command
was initiated and the end of the fault
determined by the breaker auxiliary
contact or trip circuit failure operation)
Voltages and currents at the time of
trip command initiation
Active settings group at the time of the
trip

Fault Locator
This function calculates the distance to
the fault in miles, kilometers, or in
percentage of line length. It also
displays pre and post fault voltage,
current and angle values.

Functions

User Interface

Synchronization Check:
A synchronism unit is available to
supervise the recloser and manual
closing. An energization mask allows
the user to determine which line and
bus voltage conditions must be met for
closing. Any or all four voltage
conditions can be selected in this mask.
Additionally, line and bus synchronism
can be determined by monitoring any
combination of the following elements
for hot line / hot bus energization:
Voltage difference
Phase angle difference
Frequency difference

ZLS terminals can be accessed in two

different modes:
LOCAL MODE
Alphanumeric Keypad & Display
(HMI)
The keypad (16 keys in a 4 x 4 matrix,
plus 4 function keys) allows changes to
be performed without the use of a
computer, and provides the user the
ability to access and edit IED functions
and settings. Sensitive operations are
password protected.
The HMI is menu driven and displayed
on the LCD screen (4 line x 20
characters).

Directional Overcurrent Unit:

This unit provides directional control to
overcurrent elements. It disables the
overcurrent elements if the measured
current is outside the operate region
established by the polarizing reference
angle settings.

PC Via Serial Port

The terminals are equipped with an RS232 front port. Through this port, a PC
can communicate locally via a null
modem cable with the user-friendly
zivercom software installed.

The terminals are equipped with a rear

communications port(s). This connection
permits remote access via modem, or it
can be used to include the ZLS in an
existing system (via RTU, Substation
Central Computer or SCADA).

The voltage unit contains selectable

logic that allows for single phase or
three phase over/under voltage tripping.

Technnical Assistance in
U.S.A. and Canada.

A1

S
IV-U
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Last Trip Information

Phase Current Metering
Phase and Bus Voltage Metering
Sequence Current Metering
Sequence Voltage Metering
Real and Reactive Power Metering
Recloser Status
Last Trip Data Reset
LED Target Reset

REMOTE MODE

Over/Under Voltage Unit:

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Techistance lock
Ass d the C
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A

Essential information and functions are

available through the F2 key. This key
allows access to information and
operations by cycling through the
following screens:

ours
24 h days
365

Screen from the

communications program.

Communications
---------------- is an intuitive, WindowsTM
based program that communicates
directly with all types of
terminals
either locally (via front port), or remotely
(via rear port). The software is
structured with user-friendly menus and
dialog boxes to access settings, local
operations, data records and
programming of inputs and outputs.
Each screen prompts the user to enter
data or make a selection in pull-down
menus.
The software is password protected
allowing various levels of clearance to
individual users.

Screens from the

communications program.

allows the user to program

IED settings off-line. These settings can
be easily stored in the softwares
database to be uploaded to an IED in
the future.
The main functions of the
program are as follows:
Access, display and listing of:
- Equipment status
- Alarms
- Record logs (events, fault reports,
oscillography and historical records)
- Settings
Access to IED configuration and
settings
IED settings editor

Enclosure

I/O programming editor

ZLS units are designed for horizontal

mounting (19" x 2U).

Database management (settings,

users, equipment, installation, etc.)
Settings uploading and downloading
Access to terminal unit information

protection and control IEDs can

be furnished with a sealable clear

protective cover to restrict access to the

keypad. With the cover installed, the F2
key is still accessible, which provides
access to essential information and
functions.

Settings
General Settings
Terminal unit in service

1 - 3000

CT Ratio / VT Ratio

1 - 4000

Bus VT Ratio

1 - 4000

Protection Settings
Line Properties
Positive sequence magnitude

0.01 - 50.00

Positive sequence angle

25 - 90

Zero sequence angle

25 - 90

K0 Factor (zero sequence compensation)

1.00 - 8.00

Line length

0.00 - 400.00

Line length units

Kilometers or Miles

Fault locator units

Length units or % of length

Circuit Properties
Local Source Impedance
Positive sequence magnitude

0.01 - 50.00

Positive sequence angle

25 - 90

Zero sequence magnitude

0.01 - 50.00

Zero sequence angle

25 - 90

Remote Source Impedance

Positive sequence magnitude

0.01 - 50.00

Positive sequence angle

25 - 90

Zero sequence magnitude

0.01 - 50.00

Zero sequence angle

25 - 90

Equivalent Parallel Impedance

Positive sequence magnitude

0.01 - 10000

Positive sequence angle

25 - 90

Zero sequence magnitude

0.01 - 10000

Zero sequence angle

25 - 90

Distance Zone 1
Direction

Forward / Reverse

Reach

0.01 - 50.00

Resistive Limit

(2.00 10.00) x React

Compensation Time

0.00 - 0.50 s

Distance Zones 2 / 3 / 4
Direction

Forward / Reverse

Reach

0.01 - 50.00

Resistive Limit

(2.00 10.00) x React

Time Delay (Ground Fault)

0.00 - 300.00 s

Time Delay (Phase Fault)

0.00 - 300.00 s

Settings
Protection Settings
Ground Distance Characteristic

Quadrilateral and/or Mho

Voltage Elements
Overvoltage Element

Supervision Elements
Forward supervision single-phase element pickup

0.20 - 7.50 A

Forward supervision two-phase element pickup

0.20 - 7.50 A

Reverse supervision single-phase element pickup

0.20 - 7.50 A

Reverse supervision two-phase element pickup

0.20 - 7.50 A

Protection Scheme
Protection Scheme

Step Distance
Permissive Underreach
Permissive Overreach
Directional Comp. Blocking
Hybrid (Weak Infeed)

Coordination time (Permissive Overreach and Hybrid)

0 - 50 ms

Weak infeed level (Hybrid)

15.00 - 70.00 V

Directional Overcurrent Unit

Sequence Type

Negative sequence / Zero sequence

Instantaneous Directional Overcurrent Element

Enable

YES / NO

Pickup

0.50 - 60.00 A

Time delay

0.00 - 100.00 s

Torque control (Interlock) enable

YES / NO

Time-delayed Directional Overcurrent Element

Enable

YES / NO

Pickup

0.20 - 2.40 A

Time Curve Characteristics

Inverse, Very Inverse,

Extremely Inverse / Definite Time,
User Defined (optional)

Time Dial

0.05 - 1.00

Definite Time Delay

0.05 - 100 s

Torque Control (Interlock) Enable

YES / NO

Remote Breaker Open Detector

Enable

YES / NO

Time Delay

0.00 - 2000 ms

Out-of-Step (OS) Detector

Enable

YES / NO

Associated mho distance zone

2, 3 or 4

Enable

YES / NO

Pickup

60 - 95 V

Time Delay

0.00 - 300 s

Output Logic

AND / OR

Undervoltage Element
Enable

YES / NO

Pickup

20 - 70 V

Time Delay

0.00 - 300s

Output Logic

AND / OR

Settings
Protection Logic Settings
Three-Phase Trip

YES / NO

Synchronism Unit
Voltage Elements
Enable

Enable / Inhibit Zones 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 Elements Trip

YES / NO

Phase Fault Elements

YES / NO

Side A Voltage Elements Pickup 20 - 70 V

Ground Fault Elements

YES / NO

Side B Voltage Elements Pickup 20 - 70 V

Energization

Enable / Inhibit Auxiliary Elements Trip

Zero voltage on side A, Zero voltage on side B

Remote Breaker Open Detector

YES / NO

Close-onto-Fault Detector

YES / NO

YES / NO

Instantaneous Overcurrent Element

YES / NO

Zero voltage on side A, Voltage on side B

Time-delayed Overcurrent Element

YES / NO

YES / NO

Undervoltage Element

YES / NO

Voltage on side A, Zero voltage on side B

Overvoltage Element

YES / NO

Zones 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 Trip Blocking

YES / NO

Protection Scheme Trip Blocking

YES / NO

Block Tripping by VT Fuse Failure Detector

YES / NO

YES / NO
Voltage Difference Element
Enable

YES / NO

Maximum Voltage Difference

0.02 - 0.30 p.u

Phase Angle Difference Element

Recloser Settings
Recloser In Service

YES / NO
Voltage on side A, Voltage on side B

Block Tripping by Out-of-Step Detector

Enable
YES / NO

YES / NO

Maximum phase angle difference

Recloser Start Enable

5 - 50

Zones1 / 2 / 3 / 4 Trip elements enable / inhibit

YES / NO

Time-delayed Directional Overcurrent Element

YES / NO

Enable

Instantaneous Directional Overcurrent Element

YES / NO

Maximum Frequency Difference 0.05 - 2.00 Hz

Recloser Sequence Control

Time Delay

Reclosing Mode

1p; 3p; 1p/3p; Dependent Mode

Number of Reclose Attempts

1-3

First Single-Phase Reclosing Attempt

0.05 - 300 s

First Three-Phase Reclosing Attempt

0.05 - 300 s

Second Reclosing Attempt

0.05 - 300 s

Third Reclosing Attempt

0.05 - 300 s

Sequence Check (start) Time Delay

0.07 - 60 s

Reset Time Delay

0.05 - 300 s

Manual Close Reset Time

0.05 - 300 s

Synchronism Check Time Delay

0.05 - 300 s

Synchronism Check Supervision

Synchronism Check Supervision Enable:
First / Second / Third reclose attempt supervision

YES / NO

Synchronism Check Supervision Wait Enable:

First / Second / Third reclose attempt time delay
Synchronism Type

Frequency Difference Element

YES / NO
External / Calculated

YES / NO
0.00 - 60 s

Technical Characteristics

Dimensions

Power Supply Voltage

24-48 Vdc ( 20 %)
110-125 Vdc ( 20 %)
220-250 Vdc ( 20 %)

Enclosure Type F

Rated Power Consumption: 8 W at 125 V dc

Analog Current Inputs
Rated Current

In = 5A

Thermal Withstand Capacity

88

76.2

Continuous

4 In

3 sec

50 In

465

100 In

482.6

1 sec
Dynamic Limit

240 In

Burdens

In = 5A < 0.2 VA

246
256

436

76.2 90

Analog Voltage Inputs

Rated voltage (Vn)

440

110 Vac, 50Hz

120 Vac, 60Hz

Thermal Withstand Capability

2 Vn (continuous)

Burden

< 0.05 VA (Vn = 110 V)

465

8 mm. drilling
measurements in mm.

Digital Inputs
Input Voltage Range

24-48 Vdc ( 20 %)
48-125 Vdc ( 20 %)
48-250 Vdc ( 20 %)

Current Drain

< 5 mA

Accuracy

Auxiliary Outputs

Trip & Close Contacts

Current

3 % or 20 mA

Connection Capability

2000 W

Connection Capability

2500 W

Voltage

3%

Breaking Capability

75 W (48Vdc)

Breaking Capability

150 W (48Vdc)

Distance

5%

40 W (100 Vdc)

55 W (100 Vdc)

Phase Angle

1000 VA

1250 VA

Time

5% or 25 ms

Switching Voltage

250 Vdc

Switching Voltage

250 Vdc

(whichever is greater)

Continuous Current

3A

Continuous Current

8A

Make and Carry

5 A (30 sec)

Make and Carry

30 A (1 sec)

Channel (auxiliary contact output)

Continuous

300 mA

Switching Voltage

400 Vdc

Model Selection

Standards and Type Tests

Model selection is determined using the following

figure, according to the characteristics required:

8ZLS-

Functions
21(3F) + 79 + 25 + 27 + 59 + 67N
21(1F/3F) + 79 + 25 + 27 + 59 + 67N

Insulation Test
IEC-255-5
Between Circuits and Ground
2 kV, 50/60 Hz for 1 minute
Between Independent Circuits 2 kV, 50/60 Hz for 1 minute
Impulse Test
IEC-255-5
5 kV; 1.2/50 s; 0.5 J

1 MHz Disturbance Test

IEC-255-22-1 Class III
Common Mode
Differential Mode
Fast Transient Disturbance Test
IEC-255-22-4 Class IV

Options
*
4

* To be defined

Auxiliary Voltage
Digital inputs
24-125 Vdc
24-125 Vdc
48-250Vdc

I
J

Special Model
Oscillo + Fault Locator

Power supply
24-48 Vdc(*)
110-125 Vdc(*)
220-250 Vdc(*)

N-

Superv. inputs
24-48 Vdc
125 Vdc
250Vdc

1
2
3

* 20%

2.5 kV
1.0 kV

4 kV 10%
Radiated Electromagnetic Field Disturbance Test
IEC-1000-4-3
Amplitude Modulated
10 V/m
Pulse Modulated
10 V/m
Electrostatic Discharge Test
IEC-255-22-2 Class III
8 kV 10%

Frequency / Rated Voltage / Language

50 Hz / 110 3 Vac / Spanish
60 Hz / 120 3 Vac / English
50 Hz / 110 3 Vac / English
60 Hz / 120 3 Vac / Spanish
60 Hz / 120 3 Vac / Portuguese

1
3
B
D
F

Communications
RS232 + RS232
RS232 + 1 mm Plastic F.O.
RS232 + Glass F.O. (SMA conn)
RS232 + Glass F.O. (ST conn)
RS232 + 1 mm Plastic F.O. (double ring)

1
2
3
4
6

Radio Frequency Emissivity

EN 55011

Temperature
Operating Range
Storage Range
Humidity

IEC-255-6
-10 C to +55 C
-25 C to +70 C
95% (non condensing)

Power Supply Ripple

IEC-255-11
< 20%

I / O Module
Standard

Type of Enclosure
2 U x 1 19'' Rack

Communications Protocol
D

Vibration Test (sinusoidal) IEC 255-21-1 Class I

Shock and Bump Test
IEC 255-21-2 Class I
8ZLS terminals comply with the EEC 89/336 standard of electromagnetic
compability

Generic Block Diagram

configurable LEDs
4 outputs:
V Busbar

transformer
secondary
inputs

V
I

16 digital
inputs
(14 programmable):
breaker position,
three-phase trip,
blockings, etc.

HMI
i
n
p
u
t
s

i
n
p
u
t
s

communications

processor

processor

o
u
t
p
u
t
s

o
u
t
p
u
t
s

single-phase trip,
three-phase trip

4 outputs:
breaker closing

in service

14 programmable
auxiliary
outputs:
alarms,
elements pickup,
single/three-phase trip,
trip outputs, etc.

Aplicaciones y Tecnologa, S.A.

Headquarters: Parque Tecnolgico, 210

48170-Zamudio, Vizcaya. Aptdo. 757-48080 Bilbao - Spain
Tel.: +34 - 944 522 003 - Fax: +34 - 944 522 140
Madrid: Avenida Va Dos Castillas, 23.
Chalet 16 - 28224 Pozuelo de Alarcn - Madrid - Spain.
Tel.: +34 - 913 527 056 - Fax: +34 - 913 526 304
ZIV U.S.A. Inc. 2340 Des Plaines River Road, suite 210. Des Plaines
Illinois 60018 - U.S.A.Tel. 1-847-299-6580 Fax. 1-847-299-6581

www.ziv.es
www.zivusa.com

The information contained in this document is only indicative. For further information, please consult our Instructions Manuals or our Sales Office.

ZIV Aplicaciones y Tecnologa, S.A. Zamudio 2003

power supply