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Define ethnicity:
2.
Define race:
3.
In the chart below identify Americas four ethnic groups (other than
white). Give their percentage of total U.S. population and shade
in 4 colors the areas on the map in which they are clustered.
Ethnic Group
% of U.S. Population
HISPANICS
AMERICAN INDIANS IN
4.
What is the major Hispanic group in the U.S. where are most
settled?
5.
What are the major Asian groups in the U.S where are most
settled?
6.
7.
Migration to the
North
Migration Within
Cities (ghetto)
What is the problem with the way the U.S. Census Bureau defines
Asian?
9.
10.
11.
What is racism?
Describe the following concepts dealing with the geography of race (#s 12
14).
12.
13.
White Flight
14.
Blockbusting
Case Study in Division By Race South Africa (Complete the case study
as organized below)
15.
Define apartheid:
16.
17.
1652
1795
1948
1991
1994 -
Define nationality:
2.
Though they are very similar, use the chart below to show how
nationality differs from ethnicity.
Ethnicity
Nationality
3.
Define self-determination:
4.
Define nation-state:
5.
6.
Region:
Region:
Description:
Description:
7.
Shade and label Denmark and her territories on this map of the
North Atlantic region.
8.
What is nationalism?
9.
10.
Multinational States
11.
12.
13.
When the Soviet Union dissolved into 15 countries in the 1990s, the
new countries were based on ethnicities. Other than Russia, they
can be divided into 4 groups based on their location. Complete the
chart below to indicate the countries in each group. NOTE: Be sure
to look at the map on pg. 220 to familiarize yourself with the
location of these countries.
Baltic Region
(3 states)
Eastern Europe
(3 states)
Central Asia
(5 states)
Caucusus
(3 states)
14.
Note the major religion and language of each of the Baltic States.
15.
The ethnic divisions among the Eastern European states are blurred
for what reasons?
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
In the Caucusus region, there have been many problems with the
new nations and ethnicities. Summarize the main problems and
note specifics of regions and peoples for each.
Azeris (Azerbaijan)
Georgians
(Georgia)
Armenians
(Armenia)
23.
Using Figure 7-19, whats the main problem with the Caucusus
region?
25.
Sudan
Somalia
2.
3.
The premier
4.
5.
When the British ended colonial control of South Asia in 1947, how
was the region divided politically, and how was the region divided
ethnically (religiously)?
8.
9.
10.
How many Hindus migrated from East and West Pakistan into India?
11.
12.
13.
India
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Sri Lanka
Nepal
Butan
Myanmar
China
Afghanistan
Sinhalese & Tamil in Sri Lanka Case Study
14.
Complete the chart that compares the two ethnicities of Sri Lanka in
terms of language and religion.
Ethnic Group
and %
Language (family,
etc.)
Religion
Where?
15.
How has violence between these two groups (which goes back
2,000 years) been suppressed during the past 300 years?
16.
17.
18.
2.
4.
List important/interesting facts regarding the creation of the postWWI country of Yugoslavia.
5.
Regarding the Yugoslav refrain that was common during the rule of
Josip Tito, identify the following of Yugoslavias:
FIVE NATIONALITIES
FOUR LANGUAGES
THREE RELIGIONS
TWO ALPHABETS
6.
What ethno-political problems did the country face after the death
of Tito in the 80s and the fall of Communism in the 90s?
7.
8.
What was agreed upon at the accords signed between these rival
ethnicities in Dayton, Ohio in 1996?
9.
Who got the best deal? Who got the worst deal? Explain.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Define balkanized:
15.
Define balkanization:
16.
If peace comes to the Balkan Peninsula in the next few years, why
will it be in a tragic way according to the author of the textbook?
18.
Tutsis
% of U.S. Population
15%
13%
4%
1%
Migration to the
North
Emigrating from
South to North after
WWI & WWII to get
factory jobs
Migration Within
Cities (ghetto)
African-Americans
were clustered in
ghettos or housing
projects within a city
In 1950s densities
were high &
neighborhoods began
to expand in 1970s
13.
White Flight
Instead of integrating, whites fled areas that anticipated black
immigrating into
14.
Blockbusting
Neighborhoods would change from all white to all black due to
unscrupulous real estate practices
Case Study in Division By Race South Africa (Complete the case study
as organized below)
15.
Define apartheid:
Physical separation of different races into different geographic
areas
16.
Explain the key components of the apartheid system:
Based on race a legal status was determined: where one could
live, go to school, work, own land, vote, etc.
17.
Complete the following timeline of South African history and
annotate the map of 10 homelands.
1652 Apartheid system
began when Dutch settled
in Cape Town; people
known as Afrikaners
1795 Britain seized the
Dutch colony & controlled
S. Africas govt until mid
20th century
1948 Afrikaners gained
control when their
Nationalist Party won
elections when colonial
rule in Africa was being
replaced; reinstated
Apartheid law & forced
99% of S. Africas black
population into 10
homelands
1991 Apartheid was
repealed & the African
National Congress
legalized; leader Nelson
Mandela released from jail
1994 All South Africans
permitted to vote; Nelson
Mandela became 1st black
Nationality
- Shared values such as voting,
getting a passport, performing
civic duties
- Identifies citizens of a country,
i.e. people of the United States
3. Define self-determination:
Concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves
4. Define nation-state:
A state whose territory is occupied by a particular ethnicity
that has been transformed into a nationality
5. Why is Denmark a fairly good example of a nation-state?
Territory occupied by Danish ethnicity closely corresponds to
the state of Denmark: shared sense of unity; nearly all speak
same language; nearly all Danish speakers live in Denmark
6. Two regions of Denmark prevent the country from being a perfect
nation-state. List and describe them in the chart below
Denmarks Non-Danish Regions
Region: Faeroe Islands
Region: Greenland
Description: Speak Faeroese; not
attached to mainland Denmark;
7. Shade and label Denmark and her territories on this map of the North
Atlantic region.
8. What is nationalism?
Loyalty and devotion to a nationality
9. How do nations and states foster it?
Promoting symbols such as flags and songs
10.
What are centripetal forces?
Attitudes that unify people and enhance support for a state
Multinational States
11.
What is a multiethnic state? Give an example.
A state that contains more than one ethnicity United States
12.
What is a multinational state? Describe in detail how the United
Kingdom is an example.
A state that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions
13.
When the Soviet Union dissolved into 15 countries in the 1990s,
the new countries were based on ethnicities. Other than Russia, they
can be divided into 4 groups based on their location. Complete the
chart below to indicate the countries in each group. NOTE: Be sure to
look at the map on pg. 220 to familiarize yourself with the location of
these countries.
Baltic Region
(3 states)
Eastern Europe
(3 states)
Central Asia
(5 states)
Caucusus
(3 states)
14.
Note the major religion and language of each of the Baltic States.
Estonia Lutheran & speak a Uralic language related to Finnish
Lithuania Catholic & speak a language in the Balto-Slavic
branch
Latvia Lutheran with Catholic minority speak a language in
the Balto-Slavic branch
15.
The ethnic divisions among the Eastern European states are
blurred for what reasons?
Because they speak similar East Slavic languages & all are
mostly Orthodox Christians
16.
What did the majority of Moldovans want when they gained
independence? Who opposed this?
To reunify with Romania; the Ukrainian & Russian ethnicities in
Moldova opposed reunification with Romania
17.
What religions and languages are most common in the Central
Asian countries?
20.
Why are independence movements flourishing among these
groups?
Russia is unwilling to suppress the movements forcibly
21.
Russia has resisted the independence movement in Chechnya for
what TWO reasons?
Russia doesnt want other ethnicities to start movements &
because Chechnya has large petroleum deposits
22.
In the Caucusus region, there have been many problems with the
new nations and ethnicities. Summarize the main problems and note
specifics of regions and peoples for each.
Azeris (Azerbaijan)
Georgians
(Georgia)
Armenians
(Armenia)
23.
Using Figure 7-19, whats the main problem with the Caucusus
region?
ethnic groups
(Tigrinya & Tigre)
- Ethiopia is
multiethnic 2
major groups:
Amharas
(Christians) &
Oromo (Muslim
fundamentalists)
Sudan
- Arab-Muslim govt in north &
other ethnicities in south, west &
east
- S: black Christians & animists
(war with North resulted in
forming South Sudan)
- W: black Muslims in Darfur
fought with North (U.N.
considered rapes & murders by
Sudanese govt genocide)
- E: many ethnicities fought
govt with support from Eritrea
over disbursement of oil
Somalia
- Mostly Sunni Muslims that
speak Somali
- Population is divided among
several clans & sub-clans
- Declared independent states of
Somaliland (N), Puntland (NE),
Galmudug (center),
Southwestern Somalia (S)
- Islamic militias took control in
2000s
6. When the British ended colonial control of South Asia in 1947, how was
the region divided politically, and how was the region divided ethnically
(religiously)?
The land was divided into 2 countries: India & Pakistan, and
they were religiously divided Hindu (India) & Muslim (Pakistan)
Answer #s 7-13 regarding Forced Migration
7. How many people found themselves on the wrong side of the
boundary in the 1940s?
17 million people
8. How many Muslims migrated from India to West Pakistan (Pakistan,
today)?
6 million
9. How many Muslims migrated to East Pakistan (Bangladesh, today)?
1 million
10.
How many Hindus migrated from East and West Pakistan into
India?
9.5 million
11.
What happened to many of the refugees as they traveled?
Killed by rival religious members
12.
Why is the region of Kashmir a problem?
Pakistan & India never agreed on a boundary line
13.
India
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Sri Lanka
Nepal
Butan
Myanmar
China
Afghanistan
Sinhalese & Tamil in Sri Lanka Case Study
14.
Complete the chart that compares the two ethnicities of Sri
Lanka in terms of language and religion.
Ethnic Group
and %
Sinhalese 82%
Language (family,
etc.)
Indo-European
family & IndoIranian branch
Religion
Where?
Buddhism
Southern Sri
Lanka
Tamil 14%
Dravidian family
Hindu
Northern Sri
Lanka
15.
How has violence between these two groups (which goes back
2,000 years) been suppressed during the past 300 years?
Because they were under European control
16.
What occurred in 1948?
Sri Lanka became independent
17.
Which group is unhappy? Why?
Tamil because Sinhalese dominate the govt, military,
commerce & Tamil feel their ethnic identity is jeopardized.
18.
Annotate the map of the religious-ethnic geography of the island
of Ceylon, the country of Sri Lanka.
8. What was agreed upon at the accords signed between these rival
ethnicities in Dayton, Ohio in 1996?
Bosnian Serbs got the land; Bosnia Croats got of the land;
Bosnian Muslims got of land
9. Who got the best deal? Who got the worst deal? Explain.
Bosnia Serbs got the best deal because they got the most land
with only 1/3 of the population.
Bosnian Muslims for the worst deal because they only got 25%
of the land even though they made up 50% of the population
Regarding the region of Kosovo, answer #s 10-13.
10.
What country controlled Kosovo?
Serbia
11.
What ethnic group lives in Kosovo (and %)?
Albanians (90%)
12.
With the breakup of Yugoslavia, what began to happen in
Kosovo?
Serbia began to ethnically cleanse Albanian majority
13.
How did the U.S. and U.N. respond?
Launched an air attack on Serbia
14.
Define balkanized:
Description of small geographic areas that couldnt be
organized into stable states because of the many ethnicities
with antagonisms toward each other
15.
Define balkanization:
Process where a state breaks down through conflicts among its
ethnicities
16.
If peace comes to the Balkan Peninsula in the next few years,
why will it be in a tragic way according to the author of the textbook?
Because ethnic cleansing would have worked by forced killing
or migration to create ethnic homogeneity
Tutsis
- 15% of population
- Cattle herders who migrated to
Rwanda & Burundi
- Took control & made Hutus
their serfs
- Counter-attack and cleansed
Hutus
18.
What is the situation in Rwanda and Burundi today?
Rwanda & Burundi remain calm; most refugees have returned to
the countries; democratic elections have been held