Renaissance Period (1400-1600)

Renaissance- rebirth
Accurate anatomy, deeper landscape and scientific perspective
Realistic and Humanistic Art
Ideal well-rounded man, knowledgeable in different fields (Greeks: development of a man
through a sound mind by the practice of athletics)
Architecture: symmetry and balance
Transition of Medieval to Early Modern Age
Greatest Cathedral Building was the rebuilding of St. Peters Basilica in Rome
Traditional Trinity of Great Masters: Rafaello Sanzio da Urbina, known as Raphael Santi;
Leonardo di ser Piero Da Vinci, Leonardo Da Vinci; and Michelangelo di Lodovico di
Buonarroti Simoni, known as Michealangelo

Artists
1. Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi (Donatello)
- Early Renaisance, From Florence, Italy and known for Bass Relief- Shallow Relief
Structure
- Created David (First Known Free-Standing Nude Statue since the ancient times),
Statue of St. George, Equestrian Monument of Gattamelata, Prophet
Habacuc, The Feast of Herod
- *Renaissance is the art of calm and beauty, and its creations are perfect. It does
not reveal anything forced or inhibited, uneasy or agitated. Each form has been
born easily and complete*
2. Michelangelo di Lodovico di Buonarroti Simoni
- Italian sculptor, paintor, architect, and poet
- Greatest living artist in his lifetime and one of the greatest artists of all time
- Pieta (had been given form mostly from the northern Alps because portrayal of
pain: Madonna holding Christs body in arms), Bacchus, Moses, David, Dying
Slave, Dawn, and Dusk
- David & Pieta (finished before he was 30 and two of his best known)
- Scene from Genesis (ceiling) and Last Judgement (altar wall) in Sistine Chapel
- Divine quality and significance by means of earthly and perfect beauty
3. Leonardo di ser Piero Da Vinci
- Painter, architect, mathematician, scientist
- Ultimate Renaissance Man and popularized due to the Da Vinci Code
- Last Supper (most reproduce religious painting), Mona Lisa (most famous and
parodied painting), Virgin of the Rocks, The Vitruvian War, Adoration of the Magi
- Giorgio Vasari- described the Mona Lisa as painting of Francesco del Giacondo

- Mona came from the Italian from Madonna or Madame or My Lady

4. Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (Raphael)
- High Renaissance Italian painter and architect
- Clarity of Form and Ease of Composition and for Visual Achievement of
Interpreting the Divine and Christian Doctrines
- Transfiguration (last painting up to death and commissioned by Cardinal Guilio de
Medici and Pope Clement VII as an altarpiece for the Narbonne Cathedral in
France), Sistine Madonna, The School of Athens

Baroque Period
From Barocco Means an irregularly shaped pearl or stone
Reflects tensions of the age specifically the desire of the Roman Catholic Church to
reassert itself in the wake of the Protestant Reformation which is almost the same as
Catholic Reformation Art of the period
Intensity from simple animated movements of lines and surfaces to rich, dynamic wealth
Exaggerated motion, drama, tension, and grandeur
Roman Catholic Church: to propagate Christianity (key elements of Catholic Dogma
through biblical paintings or symbols); Aristocracy: architecture and arts to impress visitors
Effect of want to carry the viewers with force of its impact and gives not generally enhanced
vitality but excitement, ecstasy, and intoxication
Impact is momentary (Renaissance: slow but more enduring, making the viewers want to
linger forever), requires broad, heavy, and massive forms removing elegant proportions and
the grace and lightness of the renaissance with dynamic architectural styles
Artists
1. Michelangelo Merisi da Carvaggio/ Michelangelo Merisi/ Amerighi da Caravaggio
- Italian artist who wanted to deviate from the classical masters of the Renaissance
- Outcast from society due to lack of modesty and reverence from religious subjects
- Models were himself or young persons
- Supper at Emmaus, Conversion of St. Paul, Entombment of Christ
2. Gian Lorenzo Bernini
- Italian and First Baroque Artist
- Architecture, sculpture, stage design, playwright
- Prodigy with works from his 8th birthday: Goat Amalthea with Infant Jupiter and a
Faun, Damned Soul, and the Blessed Soul
- David for Cardinal Borghese
- Greatest Baroque Sculptor seen from his design of the Piazza San Pietro
- Colonnade of the Piazza of St. Peters of Rome Raffaello , Ecstasy of St. Teresa
(greatest achievement)
3. Peter Paul Rubens
- Flemish Baroque Painter
- Mythical and Figurative Subjects, Landscapes, Portraits, and CounterReformation Pieces that are mostly religious, history paintings of magical creatures
and hunt scenes (commissioned)
- Samson and Delilah, Landscape with a Tower, Portrait of Helene Fourment and
The Three Graces
4. Rembrandt Harmenzsoon van Rijn
- Brilliant Dutch realist, painter and etcher

Greatest painters and printmakers in European arts

No faith but interested in spiritual values often choosing religious subjects
Started a revolution of paintings depicting personal aspects of painters (Rubens)
Painted himself often and continued to deepen in grasp and subtlety while
technique grew more daring
- Self-Portrait in Old Age
- Over 600 paintings, 400 etchings, 2000 drawings
5. Diego Velasquez
- Spain developed out of the baroque
- Finest Masters of Composition and one of the most important painters of the
Spanish Golden Age
- Worked solutions to pictorial problems of designs that transcend the styles of any
period and discovered his avocation almost at the very start
- Passion or still life frequently emerges
- Surrender of Breda, Las Meninas (The Maids of Honour), Los Barochos (The
Drinker) and Maria Theresa
- Las Meninas- 4 years before his death about Margaret Theresa the eldest
daughter of the new Queen but the true subject was whether the painter or her