PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE

QUES-1: DESCRIBE THE OVERVIEW OF ARCHITECTURAL PROFESSION IN INDIA

AND WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT ARCHITECT ACT 1972 ?
ANS-:1972 THE PARLIAMENT ENACTED THE ARCHITECT ACT SINCE
INDEPENDENCE AND MORE PARTICULARY WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE
FIVE-YEAR PLANS,BUILDING CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY IN OUR COUNTRY HAS
EXPANDED ALMOST ON A PHENOMENAL SCALE.A LARGE VARIETY OF
BUILDINGS,MANY OF EXTREME COMPLEXITY AND MAGNITUDE,ARE BEING
CONSTRUCTED EACH YEAR.WITH THIS INCREASE IN BUILDING ACTIVITY,MANY
QUALIFIED PERSONS CALLING THEMSELVES AS ARCHITECTS ARE UNDERTAKING
THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS,WHICH ARE UNECONOMICAL AND QUITE
FREQUENTLY ARE UNSAFE,THUS BRINGING INTO DISREPUTE THE PROFESSION OF
ARCHITECTS.
THE MAIN PURPOSE OF ARCHITECTS ACT IS TO PROTECT THE GENERAL PUBLIC
FROM UNQUALIFIED PERSONS WORKING AS ARCHITECT AND TO ENSURE THE
PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT OF THE PRACTICING ARCHITECTS.THE COUNCIL OF
ARCHITECTURE AS IMPOWERED BY THE ACT HAS FRAMED REGULATION TO
PRESCRIBE STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT AND ETIQUETTE AND A
CODE OF ETHICS OF ARCHITECTS.IT HAS ALSO PRESCRIBED MINIMUM
STANDARDS OF ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION.
ARCHITECT ACT 1972
TO REGULATE THE ACHITECTURAL PROFESSION,THE LOK SABHA PASSED
ARCHITECT`S ACT 1972.THIS ACT CAME INTO FORCE ON 1ST SEPT. 1972. THE
MAIN PROVISION OF THIS ACT IS CREATION OF COUNCIL OF ARCHITECTURE
TO CONTROL THE PROFESSION AND TO PROTECT THE LITTLE
ARCHITECT.THE COUNCIL HAS ABOUT 35000 ARCHITECTS IN ITS ROLLS.THE
COUNCIL HAS LAID DOWN A CODE OF CONDUCT FOR ARCHITES.A QULIFIED
ARCHITECT REGISTERED WITH COUNCUI LOF ARCHITECTURE,A CLIENT WILL
GET PROPER PROFESSIONAL ADVICE,SERVICE AND VALUE FOR MONEY.
QUES-2: DESCRIBE DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF INDIAN ISTITUTE OF
ARCHITECTS.
ANS-: THE IIA HAS SIX CATEGORIES OF MEMBERSHIP.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.

HONARY FELLOWS
FELLOWS
ASSOCIATES
LICENTIATES
STUDENTS
RETIRED MEMBERS

THE QUALIFICATIONS FOR THESE MEMBERS ARE AS UNDER:

PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
A. HOANARY FELLOW:- ANY INDIVIDUAL NOT NECESSARILY AN ARCHITECT,
WHO HAS CONTRIBUTED TO THE GROWTH OF ARCHITECTURAL PROFESION
IN SOME WAY CAN BE ELECTED BY THE IIA COUNCIL AS HONARY FELLOW. IIA
HAS ELECTED EMINENT PERSONS AS HONARY FELLOWS.
THIS CLASS OF MEMBERSHIP DOES NOT ENTITLE THE RECIPENT ACCESS TO
REGISTRATION UNDER ARCHITECTS ACT,1972.
B. FELLOW MEMBER: AN ASSOCIATE MEMBER WHO HAS ATTAINED THE AGE
OF 36 YEARS AND HAS EITHER PRACTICED INDEPENDENTLY OR SERVED IN A
SENIOR AND RESPONSIBLE CAPACITY IN AN ARCHITECTURAL OFFICEPRIVATE OR PUBLIC,AND MADE A SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO THE
PROFESSION CAN BE ELECETED AS A FELLOW.
IN THE YEAR 1985,IIA AMENDED ITS BYE-LAW TO MAKE IT POSSIBLE FOR A
NON-ARCHITECT TO BE ELECTED AS A FELLOW MEMBER.
FELLOW MEMBER ALONE CAN ACT AS ARBITRATORS IN ARBITRATION
MATTERS IF THE CONTRACT FORM PRESCRIBED BY IIA HAS BEEN ADOPTE.
FELLOW MEMBERS CAN USE THE SUFFIX OF FIIA WITH HIS NAME.
C. ASSOCIATE MEMBER: ANY PERSON WHO HAS ATTAINED THE AGE OF 21 AND
GRADUATED FROM ONE OF THE INSTITUTIONS RECOGNIZED BY IIA OR HAS
BEEN REGISTERED WITH COUNCIL OF ARCHITECTURE UNDER CLAUSE 25A
CAN BECOME AN ASSOCIATE MEMBER OF IIA ON APPLICATION. THOSE WHO
PASS IIA EXAMINATIONS ARE ALSO ELIGIBLE TO BECOME ASSOCIATE
MEMBERS.
AN ASSOCIATE MEMBER AFTER 7 YEARS OF INDEPENDENT PRACTICE OR 10
YEARS SERVICE IN A RESPONSIBLE POSITION CAN APPLY FOR FELLOW
MEMBERSHIP.
AN ASSOCIATE MEMBER CAN USE THE SUFFIX AIIA.
D. LICENTIATE MEMBER: ANY PERSON WHO IS REGISTERED WITH COUNCIL
OF ARCHITECTURE CONSTITUTED UNDETR THE ARCHITECTS ACT OF 1972
UNDER SECTION 25B IS ELIGIBLE TO APPLY FOR LICENTIATE MEMBERSHIP.
A LICENTIATE MEMBER HAS ALL THE PRIVILEGES OF AN ASSOCIATE
MEMBER EXCEPT THAT HE IS NOT ELIGIBLE T VOTE ON MATTERS RELATING
TO CHANGE IN IIA CONSTITUTION AND BYE-LAWS. AFTER SERVING AS
LICENTIATE MEMBERS FOR SEVEN YEARS,A MEMBER CAN APPLY FOR
ASSOCIATE MEMBERSHIP. A LICENTIATE MEMBER CAN USE THE SUFFIX L IIA.
E. STUDENT MEMBER: A STUDENT ENROLLED IN ANYONE OF THE
ARCHITECTURAL INSTITUTIONS CAN ON APPLICATION,BECOME A STUDENT
MEMBER. A STUDENT MEMBER CAN ATTEND
CONFRENCES,SEMINARS,LECTURES ETC. BUT CAN NOT ATTEND GENERAL
BODY MEETINGS OR PARTICIPATE IN ANY ELECTION CONDUCTED BY IIA. HE
CAN HAVE ACCESS TO LIBRARY OF IIA. SOME TIMES,ALL ORGANIZES

PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
SPECIAL LECTURES,TRAINING PROGRAMS AND OTHER CO-CURRICULAR
ACTIVITIES FOR STUDENT MEMBERS.
A STUDENT MEMBER CANNOT USE ANY SUFFIX.
F. RETIRED MEMBERS: ANY MEMBER OF IIA AFTER ATTAINING THE AGE OF 55
AND ON AOMPLETELY RETIRING FROM SERVICE OR PROFESSION CAN APPLY
FOR RETIRED MEMBERSHIP. SUCH MEMBERS ARE EXEMPTED FROM
PAYMENT OF ANNUAL MEMBERSHIP SUBSCRIPTION. THEY ENJOY ALL THE
PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY FULL-FLEDGED MEMBERS EXCEPT THAT THEY ARE
NOT ELIGIBLE TO SEEK ELECTION TO ANY IIA POST OR VOTE IN SUCH
ELECTIONS. A RETIRED MEMBERS CAN RESUME THE EARLIER FULL
MEMBERSHIP ON FORMALLY REAPPLYING AND PAYMENT OF NORMAL
SUBSCRIPTION. A RETIRED MEMBER CAN USE THE SUFFIX OF MIIA(RETD.).
QUES-3: WHAT ARE THE OBJECTIVE OF INDIAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS(IIA) ?
OBJECTIVE OF IIA:1. TO ORGANIZE AND UNITE ARCHITECTS IN INDIA.
2. TO PROMOTE THE ARCHITECTURAL PROFESSION.
3. TO ENCOURAGE GROWTH OF ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION AND TO ISTITUTE
AWARDS FOR TEACHERS AND STUDENTS.
4. TO PRESCRIBE SYLLABUS AND CONDUCT EXAMINATION FOR THOSE WHO DO
NOT HAVE ACCESS TO FORMAL EDUCATION IN ARCHITECTURE.
5. TO BRING ABOUT NECESSARY CHANGES IN LAWS RELATING TO ARCHITECTURAL
PARACTICE.
6. TO ORGANIZE CONFRENCES,SEMINARS,LECTURES,ETC. ON MATTERS RELATING
TO ARCHITECTURE AND TO AWARDS MEDALS,CERTIFICATES,PRIZES ETC.
7. TO CO-ORDINATE ACTIVITIES RELATING TO ARCHITECTURE WITH OTHER LIKE
MINDED BODIES.
8. TO PROMOTE IMPROVEMENT OF LIVING STANDARDS AND TO INCREASE
AWARENESS AMONG THE PUBLIC ABOUT ARCHITECTURAL PROFESSION.
QUES-4: WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT INDIAN ISTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS(IIA)
AND ITS AWARDS ?
ANS-: THE INDIAN ISTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE(IIA) WAS ESTABLISHED IN THE
YEAR 1917 AS BOMBAY.
ARCHITECTURAL STUDENT`S ASSOCIATION IN MUMBA. IT WAS CONVERTED
INTO THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS IN THE YEAR 1929.
IT IS A VOLUNRARY ORGANIZATION REGISTERED UNDER THE INDIAN SOCIETIES
ACT XXI OF 1860 AND THE CHARITABLE TRUTS ACT. IT HAS A MEMBERSHIP OF

PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
ABOUT 7000 MEMBERS ALL OVER INDIA AND IN OTHER COUNTRIES LIKE THE
UNITED KINGDOM,USA,THE MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICAN COUNTIES.
IIA AWARDS
IIA HAS ESTABLISHED FOLLOWING AWARDS FOR ITS MEMBERS:
1. IIA BABURAO MHATRE GOLD MEDAL: THIS AWARDS IS GIVEN ANNUALLY
TO AN OUTSTANDING ARCHITECT FOR HIS SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO
THE ARCHITECTURAL PROFESSION HROUGHOUT HIS CAREER.
2. IIA PROF. MADHAV ACHWAL GOLD MEDAL: THIS AWARD IS GIVEN
ANNUALLY TO AN OUTSTANDING TEACHER WHO HAS CONTRIBUTED
SIGNIFICANTLY TO THE GROWTH OF ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION.
3. JIIA AWARD: THESE ARE GIVEN ON WORLD ARCHITECTURE DAY i.e. 1ST JULY
EVERY YEAR FOR CONTRIBUTION TO JOURNA. THERE WERE IX MAIN
CATEGORIES OF THERE AWARDS (A) URBAN ARCHITECTURE (B) INDUSTRIAL
ARCHITECTURE (C) RURAL ARCHITECTURE (D) RESEARCH PROJECTS OR
PAPERS (E) LANDSCAPE DESIGN AND (F) INTERIOR DESIGN.THE AWARDS
WERE IN THE FORM OF METAL PLAQUES. LATER THE FORMAT OF THESE
AWARDS HAS BEEN CHANGED TO SOME EXTENT. NOW THE AWARDS
FUNCTIONS ARE HELD IN DIFFERENT CITIES.
4. IIA SNOWCEM AWARD: THIS AWARD IS GIVEN FOR SOME ASPECT OF
URBAN ARCHITECTURE.
5. IIA DHARAMASTHALA MANJUNATHESWAR AWARD: THIS AWARD GIVEN
ANNUALLY FOR AN OUTSTANDING PROJECT IN RURAL AREA WHICH IS IN
KEEPING WITH ITS ENVIRONMENT. IT ACRRIES A CASH PRIZE OF RS. 10,000/-.
IT IS SPONSORED BY DHARAMSTHALA MANJUNATHESWAR TRUST IN
KARNATAKA.
6. IIA KITPLY: GIVEN ANNUALLY FOR OUTSTANDING PROJECT OR STUDY IN
THE FIELD OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION.
7. IIA SURFA COAT ~ PILOO MODY AWARD: INSTITUTE IN THE MEMORY OF
LATE ARCHITECT PILOO MODI WHO HAS INSTUMENTAL IN PASSING THE
ARCHITECT ACT OF 1972. THIS AWARD IS GIVEN ANNUALLY TO A STUDENT OF
A IIA RECOGNISED COLLEGE FOR A DESIGN PROJECT THE STUDENT HAS
DONE IN THE PENULTIMATE YEAR OF HIS STUDIES.
8. OTHER IIA AWARDS: IN ADDITION TO THE ABOVE AWARDS IIA HAS
INSTITUTED BEST CHAPTER AND BEST CENTRE AWARD WHICH IS GIVEN
EVERY YEAR TO THE CHAPTER OR CENTRE,WHICH HAS CONDUCTED BEST
ACTIVITIES DURING THE YEAR. IT IS GIVEN AT THE TIME OF NATIONAL
CONVENTION. ITN IS GIVEN TO MEMBER WHO IN THE OPINION OF THE
PRESIDENT HAS DONE COMMENDABLE WORK FOR THE PROFESSION. IT IS
GIVEN AT THE TIME OF NATIONAL CONVENTION.
QUES-5: W HO ARE THE KEYOFFICE BEARER OF INDIAN INSTITUTE OF
ARCHITETS(IIA) AND HOW ARE THEY ELECTED ?

PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
ANS-: THE AFFAIRS OF IIA ARE CONDUCTED BY ITS COUNCIL WHICH
CONSIST OF
1. PRESIDENT IIA,
2. IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT,
3. 2 VICE-PRESIDENTS,
4. 2 JOINT HONARARY SECREATARIES,
5. HONARARY TREASURER,
6. 10 NATIONALLY ELECTED MEMBERS,
7. 5 REGIONALLY ELECTED MEMBERS,
8. CHAIRMAN OF ITS CHAPTERS AND THE HON. EDITOR.
THE COUNCIL ALSO HAS POWERS TO CO-OPT 2 MEMBERS FROM CATEGORIES
OR REGIONS WHICH ARE NOT REPRESENTED ON THE COUNCIL. THE TERM OF
IIA COUNCIL IS OF 2 YEARS.
THIS COUNCIL LAYS DOWN POLICY AND MANAGES THE FUNDS AND THE
PROPERTY IIA. IT HAS AT PRESENT 27 MANY CHAPTERS AND 30 CENTRES.THE
JURISDICTION OF CHAPTER EXTENEDS OVER A PARTICULAT STATE OR A
UNION TERRITORY HAVING AT LEAST 50 MEMBERS. THE CENTRE`S
JURISDICTION EXTENDS TO ANY CITY HAVING AT LEAST 20 MEMBERS.
THE AFFAIRS OF CENTRES AND CHAPTER ARE CONDUCTED BY THEIR
ELECTED EXECUTIVE COMMITTEES. THE PROPERTY OF IIA IS OVER SEEN BY
THREE TRUSTEES WHO ARE SENIOR MEMBERS WHO HAY SERVED EITHER AS
PRESIDENT OR OFFICE BEARER FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS.