INTRODUCTION

Chalks are very useful to humans. It is commonly used by teachers, students, and artists.
Chalk is an inexpensive and available in several forms and uses. Typical blackboard chalk is
appropriate on blackboards as teaching aid especially to those who are not using modern
teaching method. Some chalk, made specifically for chalk drawings is more expensive but worth
the cost because it produces vibrant colors. These colored chalks are used by the artists and some
students for their art works. Aside from this is the sidewalk chalk which is designed to wash
away with water, usually has a detergent component. It is also larger than the regular chalk which
makes it easier to use on cement. Because there are still many children today want to draw with
colorful chalks, I decided to make colored chalk that is cheaper and less fungal infection.
According to Dr. Joseph Mercola (1997-2016) cassava (Manihot esculenta), also known
as manioc or yuca (not yucca), belongs to the spurge family of plants called Euphorbiaceae. It
most likely originated in South American forest regions, but it's also grown very inexpensively in
parts of Asia, Africa and the Southern U.S. For centuries, it's been a food mainstay for millions.
Different varieties of cassava are generally classified into two main types: sweet cassava and
bitter cassava. Sweet cassava roots contain less than 50 mg per kilogram hydrogen cyanide on
fresh weight basis, whereas that of the bitter variety may contain up to 400 mg per kilogram
(Hong Kong Center for Food Safety).
Bougainvillea glabra is a vigorous climbing species, which flowers at an earlier age than
most kinds. It is a subtropical woody plant armed with spines. Though normally climbers as
seen outdoors in warm climates they can be trained and pruned to keep them bushy indoors and
there are some recently introduced dwarf-growing kinds that remain bushy without special

attention. Their oval leaves are sparse and uninteresting, but they have decorative papery bracts
surrounding small cream-white coloured flowers. The bracts appear in clusters of 10 to 20.
Purple or magenta bracts are produced in late summer and fall and the varieties include other
colours. They tend to flower all year round in equatorial regions. Elsewhere, they are seasonal,
with bloom cycles typically four to six weeks. But the real flowers are tucked away inside the
papery bracts from summer to autumn.
Generally this study aims to discover the potential of cassava peelings starch and
different bougainvillea petal decoction as an alternative colored chalk that can prevent or lessen
fungal infection.

Statement of the Problem

Generally, this study aims to determine the feasibility of bougainvillea petal decoction
and cassava peelings starch as an alternative colored chalk.
Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions:
1. Does colored chalk using cassava peeling starch and bougainvillea can prevent or
lessen fungal infection?
2. Is the cost of making colored chalk from cassava and bougainvillea cheaper than
the commercial ones?
3.

Will the colored chalk from cassava and bougainvillea be better (in terms of its
composition) than the commercial ones?

4.

Will the colored chalk from cassava peelings and bougainvillea be an effective
substitute for commercial ones in terms of:

a) durability
b) dust
c) compaction
Hypothesis
1. There is a significant difference between
2.

Objectives of the Study

The general objective of the study is to determine the feasibility of bougainvillea petal
decoction and cassava peelings starch as an alternative colored chalk.
More specifically it aims:
1. To produce a colored chalk that can prevent or lessen fungal infection
2. To compare the cost of making colored chalk and the commercial ones
3. To make a better (in terms of its composition) colored chalk than the commercial ones
4. To produce an effective colored chalk from cassava peelings and bougainvillea
that can be substitute for the commercial ones in terms of:
a) durability
b) dust
c) compaction
Significance of the Study
The result of the study will play significant roles to the following sectors especially to
the people who avoid using chalks because of its dust.
This study will help those people who are easily irritated by the chalk dust just like
asthmatic people, those who have skin irritation and those children who have allergies. Usage of
chalk would not hinder them because of this study.

This study may help those people who are often exposed day in and day out in chalk just
like students, especially the teachers just because they are not the same in other schools using
modern technology for their teaching.
The results will benefit people who want to have their own business but could not start
due to lack of investment and also because some of them are scared to draw money. This will
help future business men and women to save money because of its easy-to-find materials.

This study provide the most information than other person that will read this research.
This study will serve as a reference to future researchers in broadening their knowledge. After
this research was proven, the researcher can make of cassava peelings and bougainvillea starch
anywhere, and the researcher can save some money. Other researcher can benefit in this research
the best.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on the feasibility of bougainvillea petal decoction and cassava
peelings starch as an alternative colored chalk. This study is limited to the evaluation of its
physical properties in terms of its durability, dust, and compaction.