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BEST PRACTICES IN
MUNICIPAL
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
OF BACNOTAN, LA UNION
PREFACE
In the book of David C Wilson and Anne Scheinberg of the Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering, Imperial College, London, UK: to be successful, a city must address
all three key drivers/physical components of an ISWM system: public health, with a focus on
waste collection and street sweeping; environment, with a focus on improving disposal to
protect ground- and surface-water and avoid air, water and soil pollution; and resource
recovery, to close the loop of both materials and organics management.
Hereon, the municipality also needs to address three key governance strategies:
inclusivity, allowing the barangays to contribute fully as users, service providers and enablers;
financial sustainability, providing services that are cost-effective and affordable; and doable
and pro-active policies.
Bacnotan engages all stakeholders from the households to policy makers to have the
best-functioning solid waste systems in planning, implementing, and monitoring changes to
the system.
Accordingly, intention and commitment matter. Political commitment is more important
than the availability of financing in contributing to sustainable modernisation of solid waste
management.
This paper presents the best practices on solid waste management by the
municipality. It reflects and acts on the spirit and mandate of RA 9003 or known as the
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000.
Rule VIII (Implementation of the Ecological Solid Waste Management Systems),
Section 2 (Implementation of the Act), reiterates the provision of the Local Government Code
or RA 7160 stating that the LGUs shall be primarily responsible for the implementation and
enforcement of the ecological solid waste management systems within their respective
jurisdictions.
The integrated solid waste management programme of the municipality commenced
in 2013. Executive Order No. 8 reorganized the Municipal Solid Waste Management Board as
well as the Technical Working Group. The TWG was tasked to assess the current state of SWM
and come up with strategies, plans and activities to address the problems of open burning,
burying, illegal dumping and poor collection and disposal systems.
This document shows the journey of the municipality in improving its SWM by
introducing to the barangays doable systems which are outside the box in the context of RA
9003.
The LGU is guided by the law for the purposes of persuading and compelling
households and barangays, enterprises, private sector and civil society to adopt a system
that is socially acceptable, effective and efficient in addressing the solid waste management.
The system must be simple and doable as well as practical to stimulate participation, create
awareness and the sense of ownership of the system to become sustainable.
The manifesto system is unique with the municipality specifically in the recording and
documenting solid waste collection and disposal. The system is service oriented to attract
participation and ownership of the program.
The new SWM system of the LGUs is conceptualized outside the box by using
alternative indigenous processes, technologies and approaches which have been piloted in
Barangay Cabarsican in 2015 for social acceptability, participation, emulation and adoption
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
by the other barangays.
The LGU initiated the system as a policy reform on SWM specifically at the Purok level
through co-management and the decentralization of authority to support and implement the
new SWM system.
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I. MUNICIPAL PROFILE
Union.
Bacnotan is 283 kilometres (176 mi) north of Manila and can be reached using the MacArthur Highway,
or by airplane via Canaoay Airport in San Fernando City.
B. Political Boundaries/
Subdivisions
47,772
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A four-day WACS was conducted for the selected households in the municipality in 2014.
Household co-operators were from Barangays Poblacion (representing the urban area), Baroro
(representing coastal area), Sapilang (representing rural area) and Quirino (representing industrial
area). There were thirty (30) household co-operators selected for the activity.
B. DISPOSED WASTE
Disposed wastes include biodegradable and non-biodegradable; special hazardous and nonhazardous wastes. Based on the WACS conducted and as shown under table 4.1 is the summary of the
quantity of waste disposed on a daily and annual basis as well as their percentage share. As shown in
the table, the LGU disposes 22,679 kg/day or 827.7 tons/year. Households contribute the biggest
volume disposed at 16, 930.23 kg/day or 6,179 tons/year (75%), commercial entities disposes 5,151.34
kg/day or 1,880 tons/year (23%) and institutions 597.53 kg/day or 218.10 tons/year (2.63%). Base line
population of the LGU (2014) is 42,506 with per capita waste generation of 0.5336 kg/day.
Quantity of Disposed Waste, by Sector
SECTOR
kgs/day
Kgs/yr
Tons/year
% Share
Residential
16,930.23
6,179,532.883
6,179.53
74.65%
Commercial
5,151.34
1,880,239.83
1,880.24
22.71%
Institutions
597.53
218099.8188
218.10
2.63%
Total
22,679.10
8,277,872.53
8,277.88
Projected Population 2014:
42,506
Per capita waste generation, LGU level:
0.5336 kg/day
100%
Waste Gen/
Capita/day
based on WACS
0.53355
0.54378
0.55478
0.56661
0.57933
0.59302
0.60775
0.62358
0.64062
0.65894
0.67865
Projected
Population
Daily Waste
Generation based
on Population
(kg/d)
Target
Waste
Diversion
%
Weight to be
Diverted
(kg/d)
42,506
43,071
43,644
44,225
44,813
45,409
46,013
46,625
47,245
47,873
48,510
22,679.10
23,421.21
24,212.79
25,058.06
25,961.63
26,928.49
27,964.11
29,074.41
30,265.88
31,545.56
32,921.13
50.00%
55.00%
60.00%
65.00%
70.00%
72.00%
74.00%
76.00%
80.00%
87.33%
87.33%
11,339.55
12,881.66
14,527.67
16,287.74
18,173.14
19,388.51
20,693.44
22,096.55
24,212.70
27,548.74
28,749.38
(kg/d)
D. WASTE GENERATION
The table below represents the percentage of waste composition from major sources namely
residential, non-residential and total of the municipality. The table discusses the waste composition in
table 1; the percentage share of residential and non-residential sources are presented in tables 2 and
3. Accordingly, residential sources contribute 74.65% (16.9 tons/day) and non-residential at 25.35%.
Notably, biodegradable wastes comprise the bulk of wastes composition from both sources which
account for 53.41%
In terms of recyclable wastes, residential sources contribute more (15.56%) compared to
non0residential at 9.76%. Recyclable wastes contribute 25.32% (5.7 tons/day) to the total waste
composition. Residential sources have more residual wastes with potential for diversion at 6.91%
compared to 1.69% from non-residential sources.
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Waste Composition
Residential
Non Residential
Percentage
Biodegradable
Recyclable
Residual with Potential for Diversion
For Disposal
Special
TOTAL
43.20%
15.56%
6.91%
6.38%
2.61%
74.65%
10.21%
9.76%
1.69%
3.49%
0.19%
25.35%
53.41%
25.32%
8.6%
9.87%
2.80%
100%
Projected
Population
0.53355
0.54378
0.55478
0.56661
0.57933
0.59302
0.60775
0.62358
0.64062
0.65894
0.67865
42,506
43,071
43,644
44,225
44,813
45,409
46,013
46,625
47,245
47,873
48,510
Daily Waste
Generation based
on Population
(kg/d)
22,679.10
23,421.21
24,212.79
25,058.06
25,961.63
26,928.49
27,964.11
29,074.41
30,265.88
31,545.56
32,921.13
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The figure above presents the environmental organization of the municipality wherein in the municipal mayor has full jurisdiction and chairmanship of the
Municipal SWM Board and the MSWM-TWG. The latter is the enforcement, monitoring and evaluation arm of the Board directly emerged in the barangays.
The TWG visits the barangays at least 2x a year to look into the implementation of SWM programs and projects of the municipality.
Every barangay have a SWM Committee
Every barangay have a SWM Coordinator assigned by the Barangay Chairman
All institutions, business and commercial establishments as well as industries must assign their SWM Coordinator
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The figure above presents the roles of the municipality and the barangay in SWM.
The municipality is tasked to collect residual, special and hazardous wastes; must provide a waste disposal facility;
Provide technical assistance to the barangays
The barangays shall implement the segregation of wastes from the sources such as households
The barangays are tasked to collect biodegradable wastes and shall practice recycling and composting.
The barangays shall operate a Material Recovery Facility (MRF) or Residual Containment Facility (RC
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Residual waste are dumped at the working face of the SLF observing proper spreading, leveling, compacting and primary soil covering
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MANIFESTO USED
PURPOSE OF MANIFESTO
IMPACT
Determine the number of dwellers providing household members and their sex,
age, work and waste generated as well as to types of waste
The Purok Listahan of
Determine collection of SWM fee
all dwellers
Know equipments needed in SWM
Have an overview of the communitys behavior and culture
Barangay Blotter Book
The manifesto is used to collate and summarize all MRF manifesto indicating
types and weight or volume of waste collected from all the MRF
The form is presented by the Barangay Secretary to the Municipal Treasury
Office for payment of tipping fee.
The official receipt is presented to the garbage truck driver and set the
schedule the date and time of collection among the MRF
The driver of the truck uses this form as real time recording of all collections
from different sources
At the barangay MRF, the truck crew inspects the waste for collection at the
MRF based on the Barangay manifesto
No segregation, no collection policy applies
The landfill supervisor insects incoming waste for dumping and storage versus
the garbage truck manifesto
Use to record incoming waste from other sources
The heavy equipment operator records fuel used, volume of soil covering,
conditions of facility and equipment, accidents, among others
Junk shops submit this report on a monthly basis to determine waste diversion
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No segregation, No
collection policy always
apply
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The composting equipment include a 500 kg capacity electric run Bio-Reactor and a
shredder provided by Department of Agriculture
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Bio-waste Shredder in
every Barangay District
(9Districts)
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Search for the Cleanest, Greenest and Safest Barangay aims to recognize the
efforts of the barangays in the enforcement of environmental laws especially RA
9003 and RA 10121. The contest challenges the barangays to be innovative,
participatory and sustainable
CITATION
TICKET
FOR
VIOLATORS
OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
LAWS
RULE
XIX (Administrative and Enforcement Procedures) Section 4 (Enforcement at the Local
Government Level) states that LGUs shall be required to legislate appropriate ordinances to
aid in the implementation of the Act and in the enforcement of its provisions.
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THE EDUCATION SUPPORT RULE XXI (Research and Public Information), Section 3
(Public Education and Information) provides that a) The Department of Interior and Local
Governments (DILG) and its leagues, in coordination with the National Ecology Center
and its local counterparts, shall ensure active education and public information on waste
management of every local government unit, down to the barangay levels and b) that
the local government units, down to the barangay levels, shall allocate a portion of their
funds, to public education and information activities on ecological waste management
particularly biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes including, but not limited to,
installation of billboards on collection days for specific waste types, other outdoor
signage, stickers, flyers, conduct of seminars, and other effective non-traditional
information strategies.
THANK YOU
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Prepared by:
CHARLIE FEDENCIO O. BALANON
Administrative Aide VI
SWMO-Designate
Noted by:
FRANCISCO ANGELITO L. FONTANILLA
Municipal Mayor
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