Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
(Session 2012-2016)
Submitted By
Ume Habiba
Umaira Sarwar
Faiza Sehar
Nighat Attaullah
2012-CS-54
2012-CS-69
2012-CS-73
2012-CS-77
Project Supervisor
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Acknowledgments
In the name of ALLAH, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful
In any case and first of all, we pay tribute to the mercy and greatness of ALLAH Almighty,
for the dauntlessness, qualities and resilience to finish his work. We are totally sure that without
His guidance it would have never been easy for us to fulfill our requirements.
We might want to express our open appreciation to our Advisor Dr. Shehzad Asif , for his
unending help and direction. He has been bailing us out also, upheld us during all the time and on
a few different cases. Much appreciated for his interest, collaboration, comments and helpful
feedback.
Acknowledgment is because of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, UET
Lahore for supporting this undertaking and giving us fundamental base and excellent examination
environment.
To all companions for their kind sympathy and moral support during our project. They; on
numerous events gave us photographs needed as dataset in our project. Affirmation of real love to
our families for their interminable affection, prayers and consolations.
Furthermore, approaching ALLAH for absolution, the product of wellbeing and the increment of
grads in the heaven and the learning that help and support every one of us in a good way.
Abstract
Our target regarding this project is to develop an android application to track the
location of buses of specific organization and estimated time to reach at a particular bus
stop.The idea behind this project is to help students to take their particular buses at right time.
Our project can be used by all the students of UET, Lahore who use university buses as their
transport mean. It consists of two android applications, one for the bus driver and the other one
for the user (student). The location of a bus is continuously being uploaded at the central server
through the driver application. Whenever a user wants to find the location of his bus, he will
select his stop from the given list of stops of a bus and his request goes to server and server will
send the location of bus and also the estimated time, the bus will take to reach his stop.There is
a web portal for admin providing live monitoring of all the buses of university.
Table of Contents
List of Figures................................................................................ 7
List of Tables.................................................................................9
Chapter 1..................................................................................... 11
Introduction........................................................................................11
1.1 Overview.......................................................................................11
1.2 Motivation.....................................................................................12
1.3 Contribution..................................................................................13
1.4 Organization of the Thesis..............................................................14
Chapter 2..................................................................................... 15
Literature Survey.........................................................................15
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.2 Scope............................................................................................23
3.3 Assumptions and Dependencies......................................................23
3.4 General Constraints.......................................................................24
Chapter 4..................................................................................... 25
Design Phase...............................................................................25
4.1 Functional Requirements:...............................................................25
4.2 Non-Functional Requirements:........................................................25
4.3 Tools:............................................................................................25
Data Flow Diagram:.............................................................................26
4.4.1 Description of Data Flow Diagram:...........................................................................26
4.4.2 Data flow diagram level 0......................................................................................26
4.4.3 Data Flow Diagram Level 1:...................................................................................27
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, UET, Lahore
Chapter 5..................................................................................... 34
Project Implementation................................................................34
5.1 Software Implementation...............................................................34
5.2 Installation Phase..........................................................................34
5.3 TRACKEY Interface:........................................................................34
5.3.1 Registration............................................................................................................. 34
5.3.2 Login Interface for User.......................................................................................... 35
5.3.3 Login Interface for Driver......................................................................................... 36
5.3.4 Drivers Location...................................................................................................... 36
5.3.5 Interface for List of buses........................................................................................37
5.3.6 Interface for list of stops.......................................................................................... 38
5.3.7 Map interface........................................................................................................... 39
5.3.8 Notification Feature................................................................................................. 39
5.3.9 Send location interface............................................................................................ 40
5.3.10 Web portal for admin............................................................................................. 40
Chapter 6..................................................................................... 41
Results & Discussions...................................................................41
6.1 Results..........................................................................................41
6.1.1 Location Testing..................................................................................................... 42
6.1.2 Estimated Time Testing:......................................................................................... 43
6.2 Discussion.....................................................................................44
Chapter 7..................................................................................... 45
Conclusion and Future work..........................................................45
7.1 Conclusion.....................................................................................45
7.2 Future Plan....................................................................................46
Chapter 8..................................................................................... 47
References................................................................................... 47
Chapter 9..................................................................................... 49
5.2.1 Java Development kit............................................................................................... 49
5.2.2 Android Studio......................................................................................................... 51
List of Figures
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List of Tables
Table 2-9 Table of Comparison......................................................18
Chapter 1
Introduction
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, UET, Lahore
1.1 Overview
As life is so fast nowadays and everyone wants to reach their destination as early as
possible so it is very hard for people to wait for the buses and most of the time people are unaware
of the bus timings and they have to go their stops early to take the bus which is a very time
consuming process. Although public transport facility has been improved and now it is much easy
for people to travel in the public vehicles but still people want to avoid this wait for the ride
situation. They do not want to sit tight and wait for the buses because these days people do not
have time for such things.
Almost all the educational institutes of Pakistan provide the facility of transport to their
students and a large number of students use this transport facility but they also face some issues as
sometimes they maybe do not know the exact arrival time of the bus. We can take into account the
urban living environment but if we just consider Lahore then we can see that environment is
becoming intricate day by day due to the increasing population, heavy traffic and construction in
different areas of Lahore. It increases the waiting time of the buses for the students. Students want
to be in their institutions on exact time and sometimes it happens that students miss their bus due
to some reasons so to overcome these problems of students we are coming up with a GPS enabled
android application TRACKEY for bus schedule system. Currently we are developing this
application particular for the students of UET, Lahore.
TRACKEY is an application which is providing ease to students of UET who use the
university buses as their transport mean. This android application facilitates the students by giving
them the current location of their buses. It does not only provide the current location but also the
estimated time, a bus will take to reach a particular stop. The application uses the GPS function
which is present in almost all the smart phones today to pinpoint the exact location of buses. The
user will install his/her app and searches for the location of his/her bus by entering the bus number
and the details of that bus will be displayed then he/she can enter the stop name to check the
estimated time which a bus will take to reach at that particular stop. The request of student for a
particular bus stop goes to server which is receiving the location of buses through drivers app in
the form of longitude and latitude continuously with a fixed time span. When student request
comes to the server, the server will send the location of the requested bus stop to the student along
with the estimated time.
TRACKEY will be an user friendly application which can be used by anyone I-e students,
employees, staff, workers who owns an android phone and have access to the internet and then all
they have to do is one click and they can easily see the current location of the bus and the
estimated time will let them know that when they have to be out there (at the stop) to take the bus.
1.2 Motivation
In a country like Pakistan, a large number of people use public transports for the traveling
purpose on a daily basis due to multiple reasons. A major part of employees, students and workers
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, UET, Lahore
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travel on local vans or buses to reach their destination but they all face some problems like timing
issues of buses because of heavy traffic in cities and they have to wait for the bus because they do
not know the exact time of bus arrival.
Same problem goes with the university buses. Students know the timings of their routes but
sometimes heavy traffic, poor condition of roads due to construction or some issues with the bus
make students wait for their route. The student cannot afford to be late from the university and
they do not even want to wait for the bus for a long time. Being a day scholar we also use our
university buses and we face these problems a lot so these issues made us think about developing
something that can resolve these problems.
We thought to build something which can provide ease to everyone who uses public
transport, institutional transport facility etc so we are coming up with an android application
TRACKEY. TRACKEY is the solution of all the problems which are described above. We are
currently developing it for the UET, Lahore students. Though there are many applications for bus
tracking but all of them require internet or GPS modem. This is a GPS based android application
which can tell all the information to the students regarding their routes. It can show the current
location of the bus, the estimated time the bus will take to reach at a stop and it will also update
the routes schedule in case of any change.
A student can get registered by providing his/her student id and route number. Data is
validated through central server of the organization; the drivers application is sending the current
location of bus to the server continuously after a fixed time span and when student request arrives
to the server it will send the information of requested bus to the student.
1.3 Contribution
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Each and every bus number is stored in the database and can be recovered at request.
The bus timing matches approximately the real time bus arrival.
The bus locator gives the precise location information about the buses.
The time specified for a bus to reach the bus stop is approximately accurate, irrespective of
the traffic obtained.
The application has information about all the routes of UET, Lahore.
The application is very user friendly. It provides ease to users in understanding and
operating it.
With the addition of new buses, the application will be updated by adding the bus numbers
and it will provide the information about new routes, the bus timings and estimated time as
well.
Chapter two is Literature Survey which describes the previous work done in this domain.
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Chapter Three is Problem statement and proposed solution which describes the scope,
problem statement and solution.
Chapter four of Design Phase gives the complete description of design of project
through different diagrams.
Chapter six of Results and Discussion gives information about the output of the project.
Chapter seven of Conclusion and future work explains the whole project and the further
work which can be done in the future.
Chapter 2
Literature Survey
There are many public transportation tracking systems being developed in developed and
developing countries and being added into lots of public and private vehicles. Few of them are
described below:
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14
15
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For
educational
institute
Show route of a
particular bus
Shows
current
location of
bus
Calculate
estimated
time to reach
at particular
stop
Trackey
Transit
app
NYC MTA
Bus
Tracker
Real Time
GPS
Tracker
Live
London
Bus
Tracker
Geo Bells
Location
Tracker
Geo
location
Travely
Bus da
pata
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Chapter 3
Problem Statement and Proposed Solution
Transportation has always been a problem for people who travel on daily basis especially for the
students who have to go to their institutions daily. Although universities provide facility of buses
to students but still there are few issues which students face like they have to go to their stops
early so that they couldnt miss their bus, they have to wait long for the bus which is a very hard
thing to do, sometimes buses arrive too early at stops and sometimes they are late I-e buses do not
have fix timings which is a problem for students so these are the few problems which we wanted
to sort out. We wanted to develop something which could help students and facilitate them in a
good way.
For that purpose we thought to develop an android app for students of our university, UET Lahore.
TRACKEY is an android app which has basically two main features for students:
Current location of buses on the map
3.1 Survey
When we actually thought to develop an android application for tracking buses the first thing
that came to our minds was that how many people will be able to use this application? How many
have android phones? How many of them use 3G service and how much? To have the answers of
these questions we conducted a survey in our university and we got strong response from the
students of different departments that there should be an application for buses.
The questionnaire which we made for the survey had multiple questions as described above. After
calculating those answers of people, we came to know that how much our application can be
acknowledged by students. Questionnaire of that survey is below:
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Questionnaire
Name: -------------- Session: ------------ Age: --------------Trackey is an android application for the university students to track the location of university
buses and it also tells the estimated time to students the bus will take to reach at a particular stop.
1. Do you have an android phone?
Yes
No
2. Do you use 3G service?
Yes
No
3. How often you use 3G service? (If answer to above question is yes)
On daily basis
On weekly basis
On monthly basis
4. Do you face difficulties in transportation?
Yes
No
5. Do you late for class due to transportation problems?
Yes
No
6. Do you have to wait for the bus?
Yes
No
7. Do you think there should be an app for tracking of routes?
Yes
No
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3.1.2 3G service
Among 70% people who have android phones, 60% of them use 3G service on a daily basis
where 30% of them often use 3G service maybe twice a week or more than that and 10% of them
do not use 3G service at all.
Now by using TRACKEY students can check the location of their buses on the map with the help
of marker. TRACKEY does not provide only the location of buses but also the expected time of
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, UET, Lahore
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buses to reach at particular stops. Our app is the solution of all the problems that students face
regarding buses. Now they do not need to go to their stops early, they do not have to wait there and
they do not need to worry about missing bus. Students just have to install the app, entre their bus
number and particular stop name they want to know the location of, current location of bus will be
displayed on the map along with expected time.
3.2 Scope
TRACKEY is an android app which is basically to facilitate the students of UET, LAHORE.
By looking at above stated problems that students face regarding buses, we can easily understand
the need of something like TRACKEY. It is developed to solve the problems of students regarding
university buses. It provides information about location of buses to students and also the expected
time the buses will take to reach at stops. A large number of students use university buses on the
daily basis and they face these problems usually so TRACKEY is the ultimate solution of all these
problems. No w by using TRACKEY students do not need to go to their stops early, they do not
have to wait there, they do not need to worry about missing their bus; these problems will be
solved by TRACKEY.
As we developed an android app so we assumed that students have android phones particularly
GPS enabled mobile phones because GPS is necessary to use this app. Along with android phone
and GPS feature, students must have Wi-Fi or 3G connection because we built an online
application which needs internet to run and respond so these are the three main assumptions which
we have made.
Dependencies:
Our project has following few dependencies:
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As our project has two applications i-e one for bus driver and one for user so there are few
dependencies for driver as well. He must have GPS enabled android phone. He must have access
to internet to run his application; location of bus will be going to server through drivers
application. As drivers application will be sending location of bus to server so drivers phone
should be in the bus every time he has to drive the bus.
5.
Chapter 4
Design Phase
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, UET, Lahore
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After requirement gathering and analyzing it, design phase plays an essential role in the
development of any project. Design phase includes functional as well as non-functional
requirements. For the development of any project, engineer will work with customer to meet its
requirements, and after completing the requirements create a document named as Requirement
Specification. The design phase describes the complete outlook of a project and it also describes a
process of planning, creating, testing and displaying information of a system.
4.3 Tools:
We used android studio for developing TRACKEY app because it is easy available, free and easy
to use. We used java for android and php, Mysql for server side whereas interface is designed
using html, css and php.
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Driver can on GPS of the mobile and has internet access. When the driver on the GPS, location
will be sent to the server continuously.
Student Module:
Student will get the location through the server on the map.And can get to know estimated time for
the bus to reach at a stop
Admin Module:
Admin has access to internet; he can browse the map where the recent location of all buses will be
shown to him that will update after every second.Admin will be also responsible for registering
students as this feature cant be added to the student module due to security reasons.
4.4.2
This diagram depicts the flow of whole project, how the two application works,
communication between users application and server and server and drivers application. It also
shows the communication of admin with server as admin will be able to see the location of all
buses on web portal.
4.4.3
This data flow diagram shows the flow of application step by step as we can see it is explaining
that how drivers application will work I-e first through GPS location will be tracked then through
internet that location will go to server. When user requests for a bus, it goes to server which
respond back with that location.
Admin will be able to see all the buses on web portal with the help of internet.
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, UET, Lahore
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two applications and through the following activity diagrams for driver and student the working of
both applications have been explained well.
4.5.2
Driver first has to login by using bus id and password being provided to him to start app in
his android phone, he has to start GPS and thats all for him. A background service runs and his
location in the form of longitude and latitude starts going to the centralized server with a public IP,
in the form of after a fixed interval of time.
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, UET, Lahore
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to server being assigned a public IP address where server responds back by giving him the location
and estimated time.
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4.6.2
Following three activities shows the functionality of drivers app. Driver must have GPS in
his phone and GPS should be ON. He needs Wi-Fi to start his application so that his location will
be going to server.
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4.6.3
Admin will register all the drivers and assign them a password and a username. He can browse
map to see location of all buses and live track them.
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Chapter 5
Project Implementation
Our project is completely software based. Instead of using any hardware device like GPS or GSM
modem we used android phones for both the user and driver. Now drivers phone is used to get the
location of buses and it must be in the bus every time driver is driving the bus.
Android studio
Wamp server
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5.3.1 Registration
First of all admin will register the students manually. This was done to ensure security so
that no unauthorized person with a student id and password could use this application to know the
location of bus and misuse it for any unpleasant incident. Students need to go there to register
themselves. They have to provide their registration numbers and admin will issue them their user
name and password, using these a user can login successfully and will be able to use the android
application. Otherwise there will be an authentication error.
Following picture shows the details of registration process that admin has to perform:
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5.3.6
After selecting the bus, a list of stops will be shown to student covered by that particular
bus. From that list, student will pick the stop for which he/she wants to know the expected time of
arrival of that bus at that particular stop.These stops are shown in a listview using Array
Adapter.ID of radio button being clicked will be sent to server that will result in a list having
corresponding bus stops covered by that bus.
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5.3.7
Map interface
After selecting the stop student will see the map on which the location of bus and the
selected stop will be represented by the icons connected with a straight line . Also student will be
informed with the expected time of bus which it will take to reach at that particular stop.
This is how map will appear in TRACKEY:
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5.3.8
Notification Feature
Student will also get the notification about departure time of buses. Student will also get
informed if two buses will be combined and students of both the buses have to go on one bus.
5.3.9
Interface for driver is simple. He just needs to click on a button after which our application
will do the rest and will send the location of bus on server.
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Chapter 6
Results & Discussions
6.1 Results
Our major purpose was to build something which can help students in a good way and that is
why we thought to develop TRACKEY.
Now this application has all the features that students need regarding buses. They can easily check
the location of their buses on the map and also the estimated time bus will take to reach at
particular stop, they do not need to wait for bus now.And can get to know the next stop where they
can get the bus if they have missed it.
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6.1.1
Location Testing
We tested our application for a bus and we assumed that the bus is at shahdara and user
selected Minar e Pakistan as his stop and he wants to check the location of his bus so this is
how our application worked and gave these results:
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6.1.2
Then we tested TRACKEY for expected time. As user selected Minar e Pakistan as his
stop and bus was at shahdara station so when his request went to server this is how it responded:
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6.2 Discussion
The target of our project was to develop something which can be acknowledged by students and something
which people can use. As a large number of students travel on university buses and they have issues which can
be solved and now TRACKEY is the ultimate solution of their problems.
It is something which students can use easily without any charges. All they have to do is to install the
application on their phones and their problems regarding buses will be solved. For now only android phone
users can use this service as this is an android application.
It is a very user friendly and simple application which can be used by everyone. As it has two applications
so the drivers application is very simple, he does not have to do much. All he has to do is to click one button to
start his app and location of his bus will be going to server automatically, he does not have to do anything. He
just has to carry his phone with him every time he drives the bus.
Chapter 7
Conclusion and Future work
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7.1 Conclusion
The major purpose behind this project was to came up with a new thing; something which can be
acknowledged by people especially by the students. To develop something that can help students
and provide them ease regarding buses. TRACKEY is the result of our efforts to convert that idea
into something. It has actually two basic features for now:
Our application calculates estimated time of a bus to reach at a particular bus stop, whose location
is continuously going to central server via the application present in the mobile installed in the
bus. User request for time of bus to reach particular stop is being sent to central server that
contains current location of each bus in the form of longitude and latitude. These location
coordinates are being sent to server through application installed in an android phone installed in
bus. Moreover, our system provides transportation section with a live monitoring system where
admin can keep an eye on location of each bus. Admin is also provided with some simple
interfaces to add extra buses or stops if required without direct access to central database.
Each of the modules is being tested in real time environment. It was 80% accurate when tested for
some of the buses depending upon traffic congestion, speed limit and conditions of road in that
area.
At this point we can say that our application is internet dependent. It has some limitations. As
internet is required on both driver and student side but this limitation can be removed in the future
by making this application an offline application.
The components of our project which we have completed so far are described below:
Driver sign up on his app, a background service runs and the location of drivers bus is
going to server in the form of longitude and latitude.
User sign up on his app and asks for location for his bus.
Server responds back and sends the location of the requested bus to the student.
Student can see the location of his bus on the map with the help of marker.
On admin side there is a web page where an admin can see the locations of all buses on the
map.
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Alerts will be included in our application. These alerts will inform students before time that the
bus is going to reach their stop so that their bus will not be missed. We would add a feature to
calculate mileage of the bus. We would also provide service to students who have no access to
network. They just have to send a message to server for location of bus, server will respond to
their request.
These features can be added to this application in the future to provide more ease to students.
Chapter 8
References
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[1] G.Raja, D.Naveen kumar, G.Dhanateja, G.V.Karthik, Y.Vijay Kumar, Bus position monitoring
system to facilitate the passengers, ISSN: 2250-3676, Volume- 3, pp. 132-135
[2] Abid Khan, Ravi Mishra, GPS-GSM based tracking system, International Journal of
Engineering Trends and Technology, Volume- 3, Issue2, 2012
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[4] Aswin G Krishnan, Ashwin Sushil Kumar, Bhadra Madhu, Manogna KVS, GSM Based Real
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(IOSR-JMCE), e-ISSN: 2278-1684, p-ISSN: 2320-334X, pp. 09-11
[5] C. Gaurav, N. Gajra, Real Time Bus monitoring and Passenger Information system,
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[6] Swati Chandurkar, SnehaMugade, Sanjana Sinha, Megharani Misal and Pooja Borekar,
Implementation of Real Time Bus Monitoring and Passenger Information System, International
Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3, Issue 5, May 2013.
[7] ]M. AL-Rousan, A. R. AI-Ali and K. Darwish GSM-Based Mobile TeleMonitoring and
Management System for Inter-Cities Public Transportations, International Conference on
Industrial Technology (ICIT), Computer Engineering Dept., American University of Sharjah,
UAE in 2004, pages 859-862.
[8] Hui Hu, Lian Fang Design and Implementation of Vehicle Monitoring System Based on
GPS/GSM/GIS
Third International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology
Application ,School of Information Engineering, East China Jiao Tong University, Nanchang,
Jiangxi, China in 2009, pp. 278-279.
[9] Umar Farooq, Tanveer ul Haq, Muhammad Amar, Muhammad Usman Asad, Asim Iqbal
GPS-GSM Integration for Enhancing Public Transportation Management Services, Second
International Conference on Computer Engineering and Applications, Department of Electrical
Engineering University of The Punjab Lahore-54590, in 2010.
[10] M. A. HANNAN, A. M. MUSTAPHA, A. HUSSAIN and H. BASRI, Intelligent Bus
Monitoring and Management System, Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering and
Computer Science 2012, Volume-2 WCECS 2012, October 24-26, 2012, San Francisco, USA
[11] T. Le-Tien, V. Phung-The, Routing and Tracking System for Mobile Vehicles in Large
Area, Fifth IEEE International Symposium on Electronic Design, Test & Applications, pp.
297-300, 2010.
[12] Chakradhara Rao CH, Pushpalatha P, and Aditya Sundar N, GPS Based Vehicle Navigation
System using Google Maps, International Journal of Computer Science and Information
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[13] Ramesh Chandra Gadri, Ankita Chavan, ReemaSonawane, Sujata Kamble, Land Vehicle
Tracking Application on Android Platform, International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 Vol. 2, Issue3, pp.1978-1982, May-Jun 2012.
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[14] Dr.(Mrs) SaylGhargl, Moral Chhaa, Gaurav Chheda, Jitesh, and Niket, Real Time Bus
Monitoring System using GPS, VES Institute of Technology, Mumbai University, India, Vol.5,
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[15] Karan Punjabi, PoojaBolaj, PratibhaMantur, SnehaWali, Bus Locator via SMS Using
Android Application, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies,
Vol. 5 (2), pp.1603-1606, 2014.
Chapter 9
Appendix to 5.2
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Installation Phase
9.1 Java Development kit
To set the environment for the working and implementation of project we needed to install java
development kit and this is how installation process worked:
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