Type Contraphase P10

Phase Comparison Carrier Protection

Type Contraphase P10

Phase Comparison Carrier Protection
Features
High speed operation
High sensitivity for resistive faults
Programmable power line carrier
frequency in range 50kHz to
700kHz
Narrow bandwidth channel with
large operational range
Low CT burden
Impulse and non-impulse starting
Automatic capacitive current
compensation
Suitable for use on power systems
with X/R ratios of up to 100
Restricted hf transmission time to
conform to nationally imposed
limitations in prohibited frequency
bands
Comprehensive built-in testing
facilities
Automatic reflex testing from both
line ends
Compact single assembly of
modular construction

Application
Contraphase P10 is a transmission
line unit protection scheme which
compares the phase angle of the
fault current at both ends of a high
voltage power line by modulating a
high frequency signal transmitted
over the line.
The scheme provides non-phase
segregated protection for 50Hz or
60Hz feeder circuits where the
nominal CT secondary current is 1A
or 5A.

P10 has a carrier range of 36

decibels and may be used on lines
of up to 200 miles.

The scheme operates in the blocking

mode using highly dependable
ON/OFF keyed carrier signalling.

A detailed application guide is

available on request.

The power line carrier channel

utilises a bandwidth of less than
8kHz and has an operating
frequency which may be set
anywhere within the range 50kHz
to 700kHz. Switch programmable
oscillator technology provides
selection of the desired frequency in
1kHz increments. The transmitter
output power of 10W (+40dBm)
combined with a receiver sensitivity
of +4dBm gives a gross range of
36dB.

Description
Contraphase P10 equipment has
better performance, more
comprehensive built-in testing
facilities and is smaller in size than
previous phase comparison
schemes.
Improved design of the sequence
current networks gives each
equipment high sensitivity for
unbalanced faults, even in the
presence of high load currents.
Sequence filters and impulse starters
for both positive and negative
sequence components of the
primary fault current enable low
fault settings to be achieved in the
presence of considerable load
unbalance.
Three phase fault settings are
adjustable between 30% and 60%
of rated current and phase to earth
fault settings between 15% and
60% of rated current.
The modulator has automatic
capacitive current compensation to
ensure stability by providing
variable modulation of the high
frequency signal dependent on the
current level.
The operating time of the protection
is typically 20ms at five times the
setting current. Stability is ensured
for all system through fault levels
and dc time constants without the
need for specially designed current
transformers.

Built-in testing facilities provide for

an in-service reflex test, initiated
from an electronic clock, for proving
the high frequency channel, an outof-service test for checking the
ability of the equipment to trip and
stabilize and a test for proving
current transformer polarity.
The local transmitter can be used to
check both the receiver sensitivity
and the equipment stability angle.
A multi-range voltmeter measures
high frequency and dc levels.
The voltmeter has a storage
capability enabling transmitted and
received high frequency levels to be
measured conveniently without
exceeding transmission time
restrictions imposed by a national
telecommunications authority.
The equipment, of static design
except for interface relays, is of
modular construction and is
contained in 483mm rack mounting
assembly, comprising four 3U high
subracks. A glazed cover, designed
as a single unit to cover all four
subracks, is available as an optional
feature. All sensitive electronic
wiring is contained within the

assembly, giving immunity from

outside electrical interference and
considerably reducing the cost and
complexity of assembly and wiring
into the users panels.

cubicle or rack terminals

Sequence network and

starting unit

in/out service switching unit

Equipment can also be supplied in a
cubicle, which would contain the
associated items required.

Included in the assembly are:

sequence network

Operation

starters

A phase comparison scheme

consists of high frequency
transmitters and receivers for two
way communication between the
ends of the line, starting units for
controlling the transmitters in
accordance with the primary system
current, and output stages operating
under the control of the starting units
and the hf signal.

hf transmitter and receiver

stability/trip angle discriminator
dc and hf voltmeter
local alarm lamps
trip and alarm output relays
comprehensive testing facilities
heavy current connector

The functional block diagram for

Contraphase P10 is shown in
Figure 1.

hf line power filter

hf coaxial cable terminating unit

Secondary current from the line

current transformers enters the
sequence network and starting unit
see Figures 2, 3 and 4.
The positive and negative phase
sequence components are extracted
and applied to separate fault
detectors which have two threshold
levels, low set and high set. Low set
controls the hf transmitter and high
set enables the phase angle
measurement associated with the hf
transmissions to proceed.
The margin between low set and
high set provides stability during
marginal through faults by ensuring
that both ends are transmitting hf
correctly whenever either high set
operates.
Impulse starters, which respond to
the change in positive or negative
sequence components, rather than
the absolute value, give fault
sensitivities substantially less than
the rating. Low and high set dwell
times are provided which are
substantially independent of the fault

Associated items, external to the

equipments.
ac and dc supply fuses
common alarm lamp

CT
secondary
current
Modulator
Low set
Sequence
network and Marginal
starting unit guard

Programmable
phase locked
loop oscillator

Transmission
control logic

Excessive
transmission
alarm contacts
(Hand reset)

Transmitter

High
set

Excessive
transmission
alarm

C
B

Line matching,
dummy loads and
test attenuator

Unstabilizing (Carrier mute)

Post trip
mute timer

I/P relay

H.F. line
(75 ohms)
D

Receiver
Detector

dB

Discriminator

Output
stage

F
DC supply

Programmable
phase locked
loop oscillator

DC/DC
converter and
protection

Trip contacts
(Self reset)
H

Note: A H are interface points for

testing and alarms (See Figure 5)

Figure 1: Functional block diagram

3

Trip alarm contacts

(Hand reset)

level. The low set dwell time is

longer than the high set dwell time
in order to ensure stability with
equipment tolerances. A nonimpulse fault detector operating on
negative phase sequence
components is incorporated.
The combination of starting elements
gives highly dependable starting,
coping with complex conditions
such as high resistance faults
following external faults, evolving
and spreading faults.
A single phase modulating quantity
is obtained from a combination of
the positive and negative phase
sequence components of the three
secondary currents. When squared
up, the resultant modulator signal
causes the transmitter to turn on and
off for alternate half cycles of the
system frequency whenever the low
set is operated.
The equipments and their associated
current transformers are connected
in the same sense at both ends so
that, with current flowing through a
feeder, the transmissions have a
phase shift of 180. At low current
levels the ON time is automatically
increased by the use of a squarer
with offset so that the extra blocking
transmission compensates for phase
shift caused by line capacitance.
The summation process is heavily
weighted in favour of the negative
phase sequence component to give
a high effective differential phase
shift between ends during internal
faults even when heavy load current
flows through the protected section.
A marginal guard signal overrides
the modulator at the instant when
the low set resets, to give continuous
transmission and hence ensure
stability when a through fault is
cleared. The signal is inhibited via
the post-trip mute circuit when the
equipment operates. The carrier
may also be muted by the operation
of the unstabilizing relay to enable
transfer tripping to be performed.

Transmitter

The transmitter frequency is

provided by a phase locked loop
(PLL) arrangement using a high
stability crystal oscillator as the
reference. Adjustment of
thumbwheel switches programmes
the internal division ratio to give the
desired carrier frequency.
The output is turned ON or OFF in
accordance with control logic using
a low leakage analogue gate.
The power amplifier, appropriately
matched and protected, passes an
output to the hf line and to the local
receiver.
Parallel combination with other
equipment sharing the same
coupling gear and a reduction of
out of band frequencies is achieved
by the use of a low loss bandpass
line power filter.
The transmitter also feeds the
excessive transmission alarm. This is
a level detector followed by a timer,
the output of which is used to stop
local hf transmission by inhibiting
the oscillator divider, and to provide
a hand reset alarm and indication.
Receiver

The receiver incorporates a stage of

demodulation in which a local
oscillator is set to suit the desired
line frequency giving a constant,
intermediate frequency output.
This oscillator is programmable
using a crystal controlled phase
locked loop. Selectivity is provided
by a bandpass filter which rejects
unwanted line frequencies, then the
signal is applied to the level
detector which produces a logic
level change at its output if the
received signal amplitude is above
a preset threshold.
Signals at the 2-wire hf line
connection, contain both local and
remote transmissions. These pass to
a calibrated variable attenuator
which is used to adjust the receiver
sensitivity, and then via a low pass
filter which rejects image
frequencies that could otherwise
give undesired outputs from the
subsequent demodulation process.
During through faults the two ends
of the scheme transmit blocks of
carrier for half a cycle in turn, hence
4

the composite carrier signal at each

end appears to be continuous and
the detector is continuously
operated. Internal faults give rise to
a differential phase shift of the
modulator signals with respect to the
through fault condition so that a
corresponding gap is introduced
into the composite signal and the
detector resets for a similar time.
Discriminator

The discriminator circuit enables the

system to differentiate between
external and internal faults.
Wherever the high set fault detector
starting element is operated, the
time for which the detector is not
operated is measured. If this time
(which corresponds to the width of
the gap in composite carrier signal
or effective system differential phase
shift) exceeds the setting, the
discriminator provides an output
pulse once every cycle which sets a
bistable in the output stage and
hence operates the trip contacts and
protection operated alarm.
The time setting of the discriminator
expressed as an angle at the power
system frequency (the stability angle)
determines the boundary between
stability and tripping for the system.
Operation of the output stage also
initiates the post-trip mute timer.
This inhibits any further local
transmissions for a period and
hence tends to speed up subsequent
operation of the remote equipment.
In particular, the blocking marginal
guard signal normally transmitted
following resetting of the starters is
suppressed, hence when fault
clearance involves sequential
tripping any possibility of delayed
operation at the second end to trip
is avoided.
Following the clearance of a fault,
the output bistable is normally reset
by high set resetting. During the
dead time of a single pole trip autoreclose cycle on a heavily loaded
line however, the high set may
remain operated so in this case
resetting is provided by the output
from a missing pulse detector which
operates when the discriminator
output pulses cease.

3 phase
input from line CTs

Capacitive current
compensation setting
control and
band-pass filter

Modulator

Squarer
with offset

K(MI2 + NI1)
= KIM
Phase sequence
networks

High set

Balanced fault
setting control
low-pass filter
and rectifier

KI1

Impulse starters

KI2

Low set

Delayed
drop off
timer

Impulse starters

Key
I1 Positive sequence current
I2 Negative sequence current
IM Modulating current

Unbalanced fault
setting control
low-pass filter
and rectifier

Marginal
guard

Non-impulse
starters

Figure 2: Power line carrier starting network block diagram

IY

T1
A phase

IX
T4

T2
Input
from
CTs

VA B

Z1

Z3

IZ

IIN

Z2

VO

VB C

B phase
Common
T3
C phase

Figure 3: Phase sequence network

VA

VAB

IY

IZ

VA

VAB

60
60

IX
IY

IX
VBC

VBC
VC

IX + IY = IZ = 0

VB

VB

V0 = IZ Z3
IX + IY = IZ = 3IY

VC

(b) With negative sequence current

(a) With positive sequence current

Figure 4: Vector diagrams for negative phase sequence networks

5

Testing and Alarms

Figure 5 shows the testing and
alarm facilities. The interfaces with
the functional equipment are shown
by the letters AH.
Reflex channel test

The reflex channel test is designed

to test and correct operation of the
hf channel. The test consists of
sending a burst of carrier down the
line from the initiating end, end 1,
(using connection B to turn on the
transmitter) to the receiving end, end
2. After a short interval, end 2
responds by sending a burst of
carrier back to end 1. End 1 is
arranged to respond to this
transmission (via E) and indicate
test correct. Failure of the
transmission to be received results in
the indication of test fail and the
operation of hand reset relay
contacts. The test may be initiated
from either end by a pushbutton or
automatically by an electronic clock.
By clock testing from both ends, the
possibility of the channel remaining
untested due to clock failure is
virtually eliminated. The clock is
normally synchronised to the mains
frequency but a standby generator

is also incorporated to ensure

testing occurs even with mains
supply failure.
Presence of the reflex test
transmission, in common with all test
or functional transmissions, is
detected via E and is indicated as
carrier received for the duration of
a timer which limits the duration of
the test transmissions and inhibits
further testing until it resets.
When the out-of-service relay is
energised, a check contact of this
relay closes to allow the out-ofservice tests to be carried out.
The relay also provides an
indication of this condition, and
further self reset make contacts for
external use.
Extended transmission reflex
channel test

An extended transmission reflex

channel test is provided so that the
phase shift between the hf
transmission of both equipments can
be checked. At the time of
commissioning, the correct polarity
of the current transformers should be
proved and thereafter correct hf
modulation may be checked.
The test produces a burst of hf

Test transmission

The facilities for test transmission are

interlocked (via C) with the line and
dummy load links so that when the
equipment is connected to the line,
the maximum duration of
transmission is controlled by the
excessive transmission alarm, and
when connected to a dummy load,
the duration of transmission is
unlimited.
Continuous transmission is available
for checking both the hf signal path
through the receiver and the
receiver sensitivity, via a test
attenuator associated with the
dummy load link.
Modulated transmission with
variable mark/space ratio is
available for checking the operation
of the receiver and discriminator.
During this operation a test high
set is automatically applied via F.

Carrier received

Reflex channel test

Test correct

Timer

AC mains

transmission (modulated in
accordance with the primary
current) from both equipments
simultaneously, suitable for viewing
on an oscilloscope. The test lasts
somewhat less than the operating
time of the excessive transmission
alarm.

Test fail

ExtendedClock
transmission

Test fail relay contacts

(Hand or self reset)

Out of service
I/P relay

Extended transmission

Out of service relay contacts

(Self reset)

Continuous

Modulated

B
F

Test transmission

Test strip

AC current
injection

Test stability

AC current
injection

Comprehensive test
B
H

Supply unit fail detector

Test voltage
D

Test voltmeter

Supply unit fail relay contacts

(Self reset)

Note: A H are interface points with

functional equipment (See Figure 1)

Transmit or receive HF level reading

when operating reflex channel test

Figure 5: Testing and alarm facilities

6

Comprehensive test

Voltmeter

During the comprehensive test,

current is injected into the sequence
network (via A) at a level sufficient
to operate the high set. This enables
the operation of the equipment to be
investigated under a simulated
system fault condition. Test trip is a
single end test to check the ability of
the equipment to trip. Test stability is
a two-ended test to check the ability
of the equipment to stabilise during
through faults. For this test the mains
supplies at the respective line ends
must be phased correctly.
The duration of the test is controlled
so that excessive transmission alarm
is not operated.

The voltmeter measures ac and dc

voltages which appear at the
monitor points throughout the
equipment and may be used to
assist in locating faulty modules.
The level of the short bursts of hf
transmission generated during the
reflex channel test (at D) can be
indicated via a memory feature,
which provides a useful in-service
check on the hf signal levels.

Supply supervision

The four stabilised supplies used in

the equipment are monitored
individually by the supply unit fail
detector (via H). Failure of any one
supply gives a visual indication and
operates a relay with self reset
contacts, cuts off hf transmission (via
B) and ensures that the trip relay
does not operate (via G).
These features are maintained for a
time delay after the supply returns or
the equipment is switched ON.

180
160
140

Width of gap in
carrier signal
transmitted from local
end = 180 c

c
2

Threshold = I X
= 1.3I C1 setting

Where c
= 2 sin1

180 c

120
Squarer offset

Angle (degrees)

c
2

100

Threshold
MI 2 + NI 1

80
60
40

MI 2 + NI 1 = I M
20
0

4 5 7
Current

10

20

MI2 + NI1
Threshold

Figure 6: Modulation characteristic

7

30 40 50 70 100

Rated dc
supply
To protection
unstabilizing
relay

ZA3
ZA5
ZA4
ZA7
ZA9
ZA6

To protection
in-out relay
Carrier
protection
alarm

ZA8
ZA10

125V

800

OSA
4
54V

800

OSB
4

ZD2
ZD7

POD3

ET4

POD4

OSA2

POA1

OSA3

POB1

OSA4

ZD1
0YA

POC3
POC4

ET3

ZD6
ZD1

YA2
YA3

HF

*
*
0V
240V

SF2

Sequence
network

SF3

B Phase
C Phase

YD6
YD7
YD9
YD8
YD10
YH1
YH3
YH2

To K10 or P10
equipment in parallel
when fitted
HF line power
filter mounted on
rear of subrack
assembly

Line terminating unit mounted

on rear of subrack assembly

YH4
TFP

TWL

WA5
WA6
WA7

S1
S2
S1

WA8
WA9
WA10

S2
S1
S2

Note: Earth wires must be as

short as possible and run
direct to earth bar or stud

Secondary injection test

supply

WA1
WA3
WA2
WA4

415V

Low set
Fault recorder contacts
High set

Key to symbols
UN
OSA
OSB
ET
TF
SF
POA
POB
POC
POD
TFP
TWL
ZA3
Low set
High set

Coaxial
cable
to line
coupler

Unstabilize (carrier transmission mute) (50/125V dc)

Protection out of service (50/125V dc)

Note 1
Select phase to neutral phase to phase connection
as required to achieve protection stability during
comprehensive reflex testtest stability.
An interposing transformer may be necessary,
particularly when 415V tap is not supplied.

Excessive transmission (hand reset)

Reflex test fail (hand reset or self reset)
Supply unit fail (normally energised)
Protection operated to trip relay(s)
Protection operated, alarms (self reset)
Protection operated, alarms (hand reset)
HF line power filter
HF line terminating unit
Terminal ref. (subrack Z, terminal block A, terminal 3)

Note 2
* Denotes relay normally energised
contacts shown de-energised.

Fault detector/starting elements

Figure 7: Typical external connection diagram

8

Cubicle or rack
earth bar or stud

To current transformers (preferably star connected at CTs)

via suitable shorting and isolating test switch or link block

SF4

Reflex test clock circuit

ZH6

Carrier
protection
alarm

YH8

TF4

YA9
YA8

YD5
YD4

Case

A Phase

YA6
YA7

YD2
YD3

YH10

TF3

YA5
YA4

YD1

YH9

TF2

ZH4

POD2

ET2

ZD8

To 50/60Hz
ac supply
(See Note 1)

UN
4

1.2k

+Common

ZA2
ZD3

YA10

800

50V

ZA1

ZH2

27V

+Common

ZD9

Carrier
protection
alarm

820

50V

ZD5
ZD4
Carrier
protection
alarm

1k

125V

Technical Data
Ratings

Current

In

Frequency
Power supply

Nominal

Range

1A or 5A

50Hz or

4751Hz

60Hz

5761Hz

In continuous
34 In for 3s

PPBB206

50V dc

4358V dc

PPBB206

125V dc

88150V dc

PPBB101

50V dc

4358V dc

Auxiliary supplies:
Comprehensive test and
clock supply

Control supply
(for the out-of-service and
unstabilising relay)

220/240V ac or 197255V ac or
380/415V ac
341440V ac
at 50 or 60Hz
4761Hz

50V dc or
125V dc

3760V dc or
66150V dc

Settings
Impulse starters

Positive sequence current

(I1) starter

High set: 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55,

60% of rated current.
Low set: 0.5 x high set.

Negative sequence current

(I2) starter

High set: 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5,

20% of rated current.
Low set: 0.67 x high set
Note: For phase to earth faults the
current to initiate operation is
3 x the relay setting and for
phase to phase faults it is 3
x the relay setting.

Non-impulse starter
Negative sequence current
(XI2) starter

High set: 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5.8,

8 x negative sequence current
impulse starter.
Low set: 0.67 x high set.

Modulator squarer
Line capacitive current (IC1)

Taps: 7.5, 8.75, 10, 11.25, 12.5,

13.75, 15% of rated current.
Modulator threshold on three-phase
positive sequence current
= 1.3 x setting.
30 to 35 nominally.

Stability angle

Note: The angle will also increase

due to the current dependent
modulation characteristic.
The effect of this is shown in
Figure 7.
9

Operating time

Overall operating time

at 5 x current setting

Minimum: 10ms
Maximum: 40ms

Dwell time

When the impulse starters operate

they remain operated for the dwell
time (assuming that the fault current
is still flowing).

Marginal guard time

Contacts
Trip

High set dwell time:

0.5s

Low set dwell time:

0.6ms

When the low set resets there is a

time delay of 100ms before the
transmission of carrier ceases.
Two normally open contacts to make
and carry 7500VA for 0.2s with
maxima of 30A and 300V.

Alarm

The contacts from auxiliary relays

will make and carry 1250VA
continuously with maxima of
5A and 300V.

Breaking duty

100W resistive or 30W inductive

with maxima of 5A and 300V.

Burdens
AC current circuit

0.15VA per phase at 1A rated

current, 0.3VA per phase at
5A rated current

Power supply at rated voltage

50W (continuous burden)

150W (maximum operating burden)

Auxiliary test supply

250V or 415V, 50 or 60Hz

nominal 0.1A

Auxiliary control supply

2.5W at 50V or 12W at 125V

HF characteristics
Carrier frequency

50 to 700 kHz programmable in

1kHz increments

Frequency stability

20Hz

Output into 75 ohms

10W (+40dBm) up to 500kHz

5W (+37dBm) above 500kHz

HF output impedance

75 ohms

Receiver sensitivity
Reflex test

0.43V r.m.s. (+4dBm)

Functional

Nominally 3dB below the reflex

test setting
The sensitivity may be reduced by
up to 15dB in 0.5dB steps

Channel attenuation
Gross range

36dB for nominal 10W output

Maximum attenuation of the line,

couplers and combining networks

25dB
Note: 2.5dB is allocated for each hf
line power filter and the
received level exceeds the
reflex test sensitivity by a
margin of normally 6dB

10

Receiver selectivity
Passband response

1dB points at 500Hz from the

nominal frequency f
42dB points at f 4kHz

Rejection
HF line power filter
Rated frequency (fm)

52kHz to 700kHz in 4kHz

increments

Pass band

2.5dB loss over band fm 4kHz

Rejection/combination band

10dB loss at fm 12kHz for fm

304kHz
10dB loss at fm 20kHz for fm
308kHz
50dB loss at 2fm
Note: Bridging loss in rejection
band <0.5dB

Excessive transmission alarm

operating time
Reflex channel test clock period
Adjustable

2s to 10s continuously variable

30, 60 or 480 minutes at 50Hz
25, 50 or 400 minutes at 60Hz

Ambient temperature range

10C to +55C

Approx nett weight

40kg

Current transformer
Requirements

The knee point voltage of the current

transformer magnetisation
characteristic should be:
1.3 X/R

If (RCT + 2RW)

where
X/

If

= the primary system

reactance/resistance ratio
= the maximum through fault
current (secondary A)

RCT = resistance of the CT

secondary winding (ohms)
RW = resistance of the leads
between the CTs and the
equipments (route length
ohms)
EMC compliance

89/336/EEC

Compliance with the European

Commission directive on EMC is
claimed via the Technical
Construction File route

EN 50081-2:1994
EN 50082-2:1995

Generic Standards were used to

establish conformity

Product safety

73/23/EEC

Compliance with European

Commission Low Voltage Directive

EN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995

EN 60950-1: 1992/A11: 1997

Compliance is demonstrated by
reference to generic safety
standards

11

High voltage withstand

Dielectric withstand
IEC 600255-5: 1977

2kV rms for 1 minute between all

case terminals (except terminals 1)
connected together and the
case earth/terminals 1
2kV rms for 1 minute between all
terminals of independent circuits
with terminals on each independent
circuit connected together
1.5kV rms for 1 minute across open
contacts of output relays
1kV rms for 1 minute across the
open contacts of the watchdog
relays

High voltage impulse

IEC 60255-5: 1977

12

Three positive and three negative

impulses of 5kV peak, 1.2/50s,
0.5J between all terminals and all
terminals (except terminals 1) and
case earth/terminal 1

Key to Modules
See Figure 8 below
Ref.

Description

AC auxiliary supplies

12

Test and indication

DC:DC converter and stabilisers

13

Starters

Transmitter oscillator

14

Negative sequence rectifier

HF power amplifier

15

Positive sequence rectifier

HF line and test voltmeter

16

Modulator squarer

Control

17

Phase sequence networks

Detector

18

Heavy current connector

Receiver filter

19

HF line power filter

Demodulator

20

Line terminating unit

10

Demodulator filter

21

Four sub-rack glass cover

11

Demodulator oscillator

22

Ventilating dust cover

22

38mm
22
43mm
133mm

21
44mm

Removable
glass cover
(optional)

533mm
4

190mm

444mm

3mm

10mm
6

1
0

1
1

19
20

1
2

133mm

165mm
7mm

13

1
4

1
5

1
6

1
7

Fixing centres 466mm

46mm

1
8

26mm
108mm

2mm

38mm
483mm

Maximum
depth

34mm

Front view with cover removed

Figure 8: Outline and arrangement

13

363mm

Plan view showing

hinged frame

Case
The case is suitable for 483mm rack
mounting, and comprises four
permanently bolted 133mm high
sub-racks. A glazed front cover is
available as an optional feature.
Auxiliary attracted armature relays
are mounted on an inset hinged
assembly 267mm high, accessible
from the rear of the modular
housing.
The 10-way terminal blocks on the
rear of the case have metric M5
threads.

Subrack Z

1
3
5
7
9

D
2
4
6
8
10

1
3
5
7
9

2
4
6
8
10

1
3
5
7
9

Subrack Y

1
3
5
7
9

H
2
4
6
8
10

1
3
5
7
9

2
4
6
8
10

1
3
5
7
9

Subrack X

Subrack W

1
3
5
7
9

2
4
6
8
10

2
4
6
8
10

TWL

TFP

20

19

Line earth

Note: Terminal block studs size M5

Figure 9: Outline and arrangement rear view

14

2
4
6
8
10

Information Required
with Order
A schedule of the information
required is available on request. The
principle items on this schedule are:
1

System voltage

Maximum load current in cold

weather

Maximum I2 component of load

current at circuit rating

12 Carrier frequency
13 Coupling band
14 Particulars of any other
frequencies to be used in
parallel on the line. If other
frequencies to be used, please
state:
Equipment manufacturer

Minimum fault current for:

Type

3 phase faults

Frequencies

Phase-phase faults

Power to line

Phase-earth faults
5

Maximum fault resistance

expected

Line changing current

Line CT ratio

Length and type of construction

of line

Whether cable is included in the

line. If so, length and location of
cable

10 Whether non-impulse negative

sequence current starter is
required
11 DC supply voltage for control.
Standard is 50V or 125V
selected by link

15

15 If equipment other than

ALSTOM T&D Protection &
Control type K10 or P10 is to
be used in parallel, a hybrid or
combining filter may be
required. Preference to be
stated, with confirmation as to
whether it is to be supplied
16 Earthing arrangement of the
coaxial cable to the coupling
gear: Earthing at the indoor end
only is the preferred standard
arrangement
17 Coaxial cable characteristic
impedance (preferred standard
is 75 ohms)
18 Whether glazed front cover is
required

ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd St Leonards Works, Stafford, ST17 4LX England
Tel: 44 (0) 1785 223251 Fax: 44 (0) 1785 212232 Email: pcs.enquiries@tde.alstom.com Internet: www.alstom.com
2000 ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd
Our policy is one of continuous development. Accordingly the design of our products may change at any time. Whilst every effort is made to produce up to date literature, this brochure should
only be regarded as a guide and is intended for information purposes only. Its contents do not constitute an offer for sale or advice on the application of any product referred to in it.
ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd cannot be held responsible for any reliance on any decisions taken on its contents without specific advice.

Publication R5247E

010010 CPS Printed in England.