Ex/ML 32B/69/2006

B. MECHANICAL. ENGG. PART -1 EXAMINATION, 2006

(2nd Semester)

MATERIAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Time : Three hours

Full Marks : 100

Answer any five qusetions.

Answer should be brief and to the point.

1. (a)

"Societal need is the driving force for the growth and

development of Material Science and Engineering"
what are the societal needs in the present state of
civilisation?

(b)

What is MSE?

(c)

What are meant by structures in MSE?

(d)

Calculate the percentage ionic and percentage covalent

character of SiC Electronegativity Difference of Silicon
and Carbon is 0.7.
From the calculated bond structure, state one important
use of SiC, with justification.

(e)

2. (a)

Calculate the packing efficiency and

when its lattice parameter is 5.43.

density of Silicon
2+1+2+5+10=20

Write down
elements :

for

electron

-configuration

the

following

Cu(29),Al(13),Ti(22)
[Turn over]

(2)
(b)

Classify the following materials and place them in the

bonding polyhedron
Mg, Mn, ZnS, CdTe, PS, PBT.

(c)
(d)

Why is Vanadium (23) added to HSS?

Calculate the density of MgO from the following data
Rad of Mg2+ ion = 0.78
Rad of 02- ion=1.32
Find also the type of bonding (tetrahedral or octohedral)
3+5+2+10 = 20
What is the difference between Polymers and Plastics?

3. (a)
(b)

What is meant by Vulcanisation of Rubber?

(c)

From the following table of PVC Molecules, determine

(i) Number Average Molecular Weight (Mn), (ii) Mass
average
Molecular
Weight
(Mm),
(iii)
Degree
of
Polymerisation based on Mn, (iv) Polydensity.
Molecular
Size Interval
(amu)

Mass
Fraction
(Wi)

Number
Fraction
(Xi)

5-10,000
10-15,000
15-20,000
20-25,000
25-30,000

0.12
0.18
0.26
0.21
0.14

0.26
0.23
0.24
0.15
0.08

30-35,000

0.09

0.04

(v) Also from the above, draw Polymer Size Distribution

based on Mass Average Molecular Weight (Mm) and
Number Average Molecular Weight (Mn).
1+4+3+3+2+1+6 = 20

( 3)
4. (a)

A composite material is composed of fibers in a matrix

of resin. Show that under isostrain condition Ec = Em Vm+
Ef Vf where E, c, m, f, V are usual notations. State the
assumptions in deriving the relation.

(b)

The density of Kevlar is 1.44 Mg/m3 and Epoxy is 1.1

Mg/m3. The boeing 767 aircraft uses this Kevlar
reinforced composite or its Cargo Liner. The structure
weighs 125 kg.

(i)

What weight savings does this represent compared to an

aluminium structure (Density of Aluminium is 2.7X103
kg./m3) of the same volume ?

(ii)

Estimate the fuel savings due to the weight reduction

provided by the composites in a fleet of 50 nos 767 Boeing
aircraft owned by a commercial airline, assuming one kg
of "Dead Weight" of jet aircraft consumes 830 litre of
fuel per year.
10+8+2=20

5. (a)

What is Carburisation of steel?

(b)

Deduce Fick's law of diffusion for

under
nonsteady
state
condition
coefficient is independent of concentration.

unidirectional flow
where
diffusion

(c)

At 900 C, what is the time required to carburise a steel

with an initial composition of 0.2% carbon to 1% carbon
at a depth of 0.2mm? Assume a constant surface
concentration of 1.4%C due to carburising atmosphere.

3+5+12=20
[Turn over]

(4)
6. (a)

Why is copper a good conductor?

(b)

Explain n-type semiconductor.

(c)

The resistivity of intrinsic semiconductor Germanium at

27C is 0.43 ohm-m. Calculate the intrinsic carrier density
at 27C. Assuming that the number of electrons near the
top of the valence band available for thermal excitation
is 5 1025 m-3, calculate the energy gap for Germanium.

m2
m2
, h = 0.19
:
Given e = 0.39
V .s
V .s
eV
K = 8.62 10-5 o
K
7. (a)

3+7+10=20

What is meant by polarisation in a dielectric?

(b)

What is the difference between Electronic and molecular

Polarisation?

(c)

What is Piezoelectricity ?

(d)

A piezoelectric crystal has an elastic modulus of 130 GPC.

What stress will reduce its polarisation from 560 to
557C/m2?
3+4+4+9=20

8. Write short notes on any four of the following :

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Decarburisation of steell
P-type semiconductor.
Energy band model for conductors.
Piezoelectric effect.
Polymerisation Methods.

54=20