1

PROJECT DECISION MAKING

PROCESS IN THE ABU DHABI
CENTRE FOR WASTE
MANAGEMENT (TADWEER)

Contents
INTRODUCTION:.......................................................................................................... 3
A. Project Decision Making Process in the Abu Dhabi centre for waste management
(Tadweer):................................................................................................................... 4
1) THE DECISION MAKERS:..................................................................................... 4
2) THE TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES:...........................................................................6
3) POLICIES OF DECISION MAKING:......................................................................10
B) Assessment of the project Decision making process:...........................................12
1) BENCH MARKING AND BEST PRACTICES:........................................................12
2) i)PMIS (project management information system)...........................................18
ii) Decision Support System (DSS).........................................................................18
C) Suggestions:........................................................................................................ 19
References................................................................................................................ 20

INTRODUCTION:
The Abu Dhabi centre for Waste management (Tadweer) was set up in the year of 2008. Earlier
the waste management of the city was the responsibility of the municipality of the Abu Dhabi.
The Abu Dhabi Municipality was initially set up in the year 1962. Initially it was named as
Department of Abu Dhabi Municipality and Town planning. The first municipal board of the
Abu Dhabi city was set up in the year of 1969. In the order to streamline the delivery of the
services, in the year 2005 the Abu Dhabi municipality was combined with the municipality of Al
Ain and they were together merged with the department of municipalities and Agriculture
(Amrousi, M., 2015).. The department of municipal affairs was established in the year of 2007
which became the head organization of the three independently administered municipalities
which are the Al Ain municipality, municipality of the western regions and the Abu Dhabi city.
The main aim of setting up of the separate municipality for the Abu Dhabi city was to develop a
comprehensive drainage plan for the city to cater to the increasing population of the city. The
municipality of Abu Dhabi is also involved in providing world class infrastructure to the public
the bridges, roads and flyovers, transportation and developing sustainable future infrastructure
plans. Due to the growing population of the Abu Dhabi city there has been increase in the
concern for the effective waste management of the city because of which there was a growing
need to set up a separate centre for the waste management of the Abu Dhabi (Amrousi, M.,
2015).. The Abu Dhabi centre for waste management (also known as tadweer) has the
responsibility to look after the various measures for effective controlling of the waste generation
and establishing proper coordination for proper waste management. It area of function is spread
in the entire Emirate. The main motto of the organization is 3R, i.e. reduce, reuse and recycle.
The various objectives of the centre are as follows:

To become a leading waste management organization in the UAE.

To adopt effective measures for controlling the waste generation from different sources

and minimizing the health risks associated with it.

To set up the necessary guidelines for the waste management in the entire UAE.
To collaborate with various waste management organizations around the world to

increase the efficiency of waste disposal in UAE.

To work with various business and manufacturing organizations for sustainable waste

management and reducing the pollution levels in UAE.

To adopt and develop latest technology for the effective disposal of the waste.

A. Project Decision Making Process in the Abu Dhabi

centre for waste management (Tadweer):
The main intent for the setting up of the different department to look after the waste management
of the entire Emirate is to properly address the environment, health and safety (EHS) issues of
the country. Thus Abu Dhabi centre for waste management (Tadweer) has become an important
organization for the Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) management structure.

1) THE DECISION MAKERS: The main decision makers who are involved in the
taking the important decisions regarding the environment, health and safety management are as
follows:

Abu Dhabi Executive Council- The prime responsibility is to approve the decisions taken.
EHS higher Committee- Their responsibility is to manage the overall system.
Competent authority- The coordinate among the various organizations in the UAE to

implement the EHSMS.

Abu Dhabi centre for waste management (Tadweer) - To properly address the various
issues regarding the waste management in UAE.

Further the Abu Dhabi centre for waste management comprise of the various sections to look
after the different aspects of the waste management. The chief of the Tadweer is Dr. Ali Al-Deran
who has done doctorate in the environmental science and is being part of the different
environmental organization for the past 35 years. The different sections of the centre are as
follows:

Legal section- The main task of the legal section is to look after the drafting of the
various legislations and regulations and provides the necessary documents that have to be
given to the Executive council in order to review the drafted resolution. The legal section
also holds regular meetings with the different parties including the energy department
other regulators of various sectors. The legal section has to units, one is the legislation
and the regulations unit and the other one is the prosecution unit (Zgurowsky et al.,
2000). The legal section of the Abu Dhabi centre for waste management is being headed

by the Dr Mohammed Khalid who has done S.J.D has a vast experience in environmental

and administrative laws.

Policy section- The policy section of the Abu Dhabi centre for waste management
(tadweer) is looked after by the technical development unit and the public relations and
training unit of the company. The main task of this section is to set the various standards
and framing of policies and guidelines which are concerned with waste sector in UAE.
The public relations and the training unit of the company have been the responsibility of
giving regular instructions to the public in the form of advertisements in different media
and providing training to the different stakeholders. The technical development unit of
the company is headed by the Dr. Mehtaab Hussein who is a doctorate in Environmental
engineering and has 32 years of working experience. The public relations and the training
unit of the organization is headed by the Mr. Amer Hassan who has done masters in mass
communications and has been working with the organization for since its inception
(Amrousi, M., 2015). Before he used to work for a global environmental NGO has a total

working experience of 28 years.

Licensing section- The licensing section of the company comprises two different units.
One is the Licensing and permitting Unit whose primary task is the issuance of various
licenses and permits to the businesses and manufacturing companies. This unit is headed
by the Dr. Kashif Mohammed who is an expert in legal studies and has the experience of
working the field of environment licensing for the past 25 years. The another part of the
Licensing section of the Abu Dhabi centre for waste management is the reporting unit
whose primary task is to report the various irregularities in the different companies and
whether any organization is flouting the policy guidelines. Mr. Hamdan Odha Al-Bishi
who is done masters in legal studies and has been associated with different environmental

organizations of the government of UAE for the past thirty years.

Enforcement section- The law enforcement section of the organization is involved in
checking of the licenses and permits of the different organizations to check whether they
have adhered to the set rules and regulations. The enforcement unit is also responsible for
the permit enforcement to ensure that the permit holders are adhering to all the standard
guidelines of the permit. The Enforcement section is sub-divided into License
Enforcement unit and permit enforcement unit.

Tracking section- The tracking section of the organization is involved in the tracking the
various changes that has happened in the environmental sector of the company. This unit
is headed by the Mr. Mohamed Nour who has done masters in environmental sciences
and has a work experience of 27 years.

2) THE TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES:

The decision making process that is adopted in the Abu Dhabi centre for Waste management
(tadweer) involves the application of both the project management information system (PMIS)
and the decision Support system (DSS).
Project Management Information System (PMIS): The project management information system
can be described as the web-based application where the various information regarding the
different aspects of the projects are stored in a central database which can be accessed by the
different stakeholders who are involved in the project (Zgurowsky et al., 2000). The main aim of
the implementation of the project management information system in the Tadweer is to achieve
higher quality of the work, completion of the projects within the stipulated time and cost. The
PMIS enables the decision makers of the tadweer to take quick decision by supplying better
information (Opresnik et al., 2015). The function of the project management information system
is to document the various facts, data and information which are related to the project and feed it
in a particular central database which can be accessed by all the stakeholders anytime (Schmidt,
J, 2015). The information regarding the projects involves the location of the project site, calendar
related scheduling and the targeted goals to achieve. The PMIS also involves storing the data that
is collected by various web cameras which record the condition of the site, so that it can be used
for the purpose of the public relations or in case of any legal conflict issues. The project
management information system contains all the information regarding the projects from the
days of the inception of the projects to its completion. These data can be used while planning any
future projects. The various components of the project management information system that is
adopted in the Abu Dhabi centre for waste management (Tadweer) are as follows:

Projects: This component of the PMIS involves the record of the various people who are
involved in the project and their responsibility in the project. This component helps
tadweer to assign responsibilities to different people in the organization (Schmidt, J,
2015). This also helps in proper scheduling of the task and gives a better estimate of the

various resources that are involved in the project. The complete description regarding the
project undertaken by Abu Dhabi centre for waste management (Tadweer) is stored which

can be used in case of any future purpose.

Cost- This component involves the record of the various financial sources for funding the
projects, the budgetary allocations of the different phases of the projects and the total
completion cost of the project. This helps Tadweer to allocate proper funds for the
projects and can keep a tab on the expenses that has occurred while executing the project.

This also can be used as reference for future use.

Scheduling: The Abu Dhabi centre for waste management (Tadweer) also uses PMIS for
proper scheduling of the projects undertaken by the organization. The scheduling process
in the PMIS involves recording of the main schedule of the project which can be accessed
by the various stake holders involved in the project (O'Callaghan, 2007). The schedule
also involves the commissioning schedules of the projects undertaken by Tadweer,
material procurement schedule of the project and closing schedule of a project. The PMIS
is also helpful in generating project-centric calendar to provide better coordination among
the different units of the Abu Dhabi centre for waste management (Opresnik et al., 2015).
It describes all the meetings between the different units of the center and the also helps to

gauge the deadline for tyhr completion of the project.

Quality-The PMIS also has the feature that it records the various compliance and
requirement of the projects which helps in understanding the main objective of the
project. In the Abu Dhabi centre for waste management (Tadweer) this component of the
PMIS is used to define the quality of the various tasks that has been undertaken by the
different units of the center. It also describes whether the task that has been executed
meets the requirement of the standard guidelines and codes that has been set by the
government of UAE. This component is basically used by the Enforcement unit of the
center to check whether the companies are following the environmental health and safety
guidelines in UAE.

Decision Support System (DSS): Another decision making tool that has been adopted by the
Abu Dhabi centre for waste management (Tadweer) is the Decision Support System (DSS).
The DSS can be described as a computer based system that supports the decision making

process in an organization. DSS can be used in the different levels in an organization like the
management level, planning level and the operations level (Wang, 2002). It is basically used
in those projects where the decisions changes rapidly and there is no proper advance
planning. The DSS can be used by the organization in decision making process, in compiling
the relevant data and information regarding the project like the raw information, existing
practices and the various standard models to derive quick solution of the problems. The
various kinds of information that the DSS is used to compile comprise of the following:

raw information regarding the projects

Comparative information regarding the project
Estimated information regarding the project

These data are used by the different stakeholders to come to a better conclusion regarding the
project. The basic components of the decision support system are as follows:

The database
The context for taking the decision
The interface used by the user.

The decision support system that is used in the Abu Dhabi centre for waste management
(Tadweer) is based on the Cooperative model of DSS where the stakeholders can do the
necessary changes or modifications in the decision that were provided by the center (Su, 2002).
The Decision support system that is being used in the Abu Dhabi centre for waste management
(Tadweer) is a model driven DSS which enables the different units of the center to manipulate
the various statistical models, cost analysis models, simulation models of the projects that were
undertaken by the company. The intention behind using the model is that in this system the
decisions are based on the various statistical data and the information. The DSS system that is
being currently used in the Dhabi centre for waste management (Tadweer) is the Dicodess.
The below given diagram illustrates the various components of the DSS:

Figure source: Devalt, 2010

3) POLICIES OF DECISION MAKING:

10

The Abu Dhabi center for the waste management (tadweer) has set up various policies undertake
the task of the assessing the environmental health and safety of the UAE. The various
components of the Tadweer policy are as follows:
i)

To protect the environment health and safety of the entire UAE by issuing the

ii)

statement of commitments.
By properly underlying the roles and functions of the different workers involved with

iii)

the Tadweer.
Establishing guidelines which are based on self-regulations and simultaneous

iv)
v)
vi)
vii)
viii)

progress.
Adopting comprehensive risk management procedures.
Framing of proper goals and targets.
Setting up the requirements to meet the regulations.
Providing more information to the general public regarding the EHS.
Proper monitoring of the performance of the various parameters of the environmental
health and safety in UAE.

Below given shows the hierarchy of the waste management in tadweer:

Figure source: Waste benchmark, 2011

The various processes that are followed by the Abu Dhabi center for the waste management
(tadweer) in project decision making process are as follows:
i)

Defining the problem properly: Before making any plan regarding the execution of
the projects undertaken by the center (Al-Katheeri, E., 2007). The main task of the

11

managers of the different units is to first properly understand the problem. The
managers of the different units of the center review all the factors that are important
for defining the project properly. The project description is then feed into the PIMS
which is then stored in the central database so that it can be viewed by all the
ii)

stakeholders.
Conducting Proper analysis of the problem: Once the problem statement regarding
the project is completed the next step is to compile all the relevant data and

iii)

information from the different sources.

Development of the Alternative solutions: After the analysis of the problem is done
the next step in the decision making process is to look for alternative solutions

iv)

regarding the project.

Choosing the best solution: From the different solutions provided by the various
stakeholders the managers has to select the best solution in order to full fill the aim of

v)

the project.
Application of the decision: This is the most crucial step of decision making process
of the company where the managers devolve the strategy to apply the solution and

vi)

then the solution is used for the fulfillment of the project.

Follow up of the process: In this system the managers of the different units of
Tadweer adopt various strategies to check the completion of project according the
given solution (Al-Katheeri, E., 2007).. This step is necessary to check the

vii)

compliance of the project according to standard regulations and codes.

Feedback and Monitoring of the project: this is the final phase of the decision making
process in the company where the managers of the involved in the project monitors
the progress of the project and after the completion of the project the managers get
the feedback regarding the effectiveness of the solution in achieving the desired aims
and objectives of the projects

B) Assessment of the project Decision making process:

1) BENCH MARKING AND BEST PRACTICES:
UAE produced around 53 million tonnes of waste in the year of 2012 which was a sharp increase
of about 17.8% from the 2010 levels of waste generation (Al-Katheeri, E., 2007). The major
percentage of waste generated comprise of the industrial and the construction waste. The waste

12

generated from the construction activities alone comprise around 53% of the total waste
generated between 2010- 2012 (Rajagopal and Bansal, 2015). The manufacturing waste comprise
of 14 percent of the total waste generated in the year 2012 which was around 19 percent in the
year 2010 (Abe and Osako, 2008). The share of the municipal waste has been around 11 percent
in 2012 which was 13 percent in the year 2010. Below given is the comparison between the
amounts of waste generated in the year 2010 and 2012 in UAE.
120%
100%
Others

80%

Industrial: Minning
Industrial: Manufacturing

60%

Municipal: Commercial
Municipal: Household

40%

Construction & demolition

waste

20%
0%
2010

2012

This research study will use benchmarking method to compare the various waste generation
sectors. This report study has focused on all the main sources of waste (Fuller and Robinson,
2014). The report study has benchmark UAE against some countries like Austria, Singapore,
Denmark and Sweden. These countries were selected on the basis of the different parameters of
waste treatment policies and economy size of these countries (Lavee and Khatib, 2010). These
results are compared for the year 2012.
Municipal waste treatment options:

13

MUNICIPAL WASTE TREATMENT

Recycling(%)
Sweden

Disposal(%)

51

Denmark

43

39

Singapore

54

53

Austria
UAE

WTE(%)

42

49
25

29
15

4
22

60

From the above graph it is clear that the UAE lags behind the other countries in terms of
recycling the municipal waste generated as compared to the other countries. In other countries
there is a better infrastructure available for enabling waste to energy in the countries where as in
UAE very small amount of municipal waste is converted into energy (Yeomans and Yang, 2014).
Since most of the municipal waste that is generated in UAE is biodegradable thus the UAE has
to increase the percentage of recycling and waste to energy of the municipal waste

Industrial Waste treatment options:

14

UAE

38

Austria

62

35

65

Singapore

83

Denmark

Sweden
0%

17

77

23

29
10%

71
20%

30%

40%

Recovery(%)

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Disposal(%)

By comparing UAE reusing the industrial it still falls behind some of the developed nations in
the world. Since most of the industrial waste that is generated in UAE is the metallic materials
thus there is a higher possibility to reuse as much possible (Admiraal and Helden, 2003). For
this the UAE government has to set up special waste segregation plants in the manufacturing
hubs of the country to separate the reusable industrial waste from the disposable waste materials
(Lavee and Khatib, 2010). The number of recycling plants in UAE is not sufficient enough to
deal with the increase in the number of waste generated in the country. Thus there is an urgent
need to increase the budget allocated for the construction of the new recycling plants and also
have to increase the capacity of the existing plants.

15

Construction waste treatment:

Sweden

45

Denmark

24

Singapore

Austria

39

45

17

20

42

41

23
10%

23

37

35

UAE
0%

32

44
20%

30%

Recycling(%)

40%

33
50%

Reuse(%)

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Disposal(%)

Since there are a lot of construction activities happening in UAE thus the share of construction
waste generated is much more than the other amount of waste generated in the country
(Gunasekaran, 2001). This has lead to the requirement for more recycling and reuse of the
construction waste.
Best practices of the waste management across the globe:
S.No.

Stages Of Waste Handling

Best

waste

management

strategies that are adopted

1

Waste quantification

around the globe

The quantification

of

the

waste generated is done on the

basis of the country laws and
policy on waste management
after conduction a thorough
review of the waste generation
trend in the country (Fatta et
al., 2003).

16

Waste Segregation at Source

In most of the developed

countries of the world the
waste management policy is
dependent on the participation
of the people (Podolak et al.,
2012).

The

motivated

to

waste

the

at

people

are

separate

the

source.

In

countries like the waste is

segregated on the source itself
which
3

Reducing the waste

is

based

on

the

principle of reuse
Most of the advanced nations
has followed the principal of
think before you throw so
that there is minimum waste

Transferring

the

generated.
waste There are different types of

collected from the source to methods that has been adopted

the main waste facility

to collect the amount of waste

generated. The main intent of
this purpose is to collect 100%
of the waste (Sez et al.,
2014). The

two

prevalent

methods that has been adopted

in some of the advanced
nations are as follows:
i) Door to door collection
ii) Automated waste collection
5

system.
Waste segregation at transfer The waste that has been
station

collected from the various

17

sources are segregated first by

using the latest technology
like using the microbes and
metal detectors to separate the
waste on the basis of there
properties. The organic and
the

inorganic

separated

first,

waste

are

then

the

recyclable waste is separated

then the residual waste is sent
6

to the landfills.
Most of the countries around

Waste recycling

the globe have focused on the

recycling

of

the

waste

generated

which

has

also

economic

advantage.

The

recyclable waste these waste

further segregated like paper,
7

Transferring

the

inert

residual waste

plastic, glass, metals etc.

or The transferring of the waste
should use the optimal route to
transfer the waste so there is a
minimum

wastage

of

the

recyclable waste during the

transportation (Schmidt et al. ,
8

Waste disposal treatment

2015)
Most of the countries has
adopted the route of setting up
of the waste to energy plant in
most of the industrial premises
(Call for papers - Special
Issue:

Landfill

Processes,

18

2012). In most of the countries

the people are motivated to
use the bio-fuel. In most of the
advanced nation due care is
taken to make sure that the
disposable waste does not
9

Waste to energy

harm the soil of the landfill.

Most of the countries are
investing in transforming the
waste in to energy as this has
huge financial advantage.

2) i)PMIS (project management information system) - The project

management information system has been used in the organization for many purpose the
projects, cost analysis, scheduling and quality. The software that is being used by the company is
PRINCE2 which is very advance project management software (Al-Hajj and Hamani, 2011). It
has all the features that serve the purpose of the Abu Dhabi center for waste management
(Tadweer). This software is used for various purposes like the scheduling of the waste collection
from the various locations, analysis of the cost required in the waste management of the each city
(O'Callaghan, 2007). It is also used by the center to record the details of the various recycling
and waste to energy plants that has been set up around the country so that all the stakeholders can
view the progress of the different projects (Opresnik et al., 2015). It also makes sure that the
quality of the projects is according to the standards.

ii) Decision Support System (DSS) : The DSS system that has been adopted by
the Abu Dhabi center for waste management is the most crucial decision making tool that has
been implemented in the organization in order to facilitate the quick decision making abilities of
the organizations managers (Ji, 2002). It can compare various data and statistical information
based on which it gives a forecast of the measures to be adopted by the country.

19

C) Suggestions:
In order to reduce the amount of waste disposal in the country the organization should motivate
the people of UAE to reduce the wastage of the materials at source (Al-Hajj and Hamani, 2011).
There should be proper collection system of the waste from the source like door to door
collection system and the automated waste collection mechanism. Measures should be adopted to
properly segregate the waste materials depending on the type of the waste materials used. The
center should also adopt strategies to make sure that the residual waste that is left for disposal
should cause harm to soil at the land fill sites.

References
Al-Katheeri, E. (2007). Towards the Establishment of Water Management in Abu Dhabi Emirate.

20

Water Resour Manage, 22(2), pp.205-215.

Bonk, F., Bastidas-Oyanedel, J. and Schmidt, J. (2015). Converting the organic fraction of solid
waste from the city of Abu Dhabi to valuable products via dark fermentation Economic
and energy assessment. Waste Management, 40, pp.82-91.
Paleologos, E., Caratelli, P. and Amrousi, M. (2015). Waste-to-energy: An opportunity for a new
industrial typology in Abu Dhabi. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews.
Podolak, I., Harrison, O. and Vetter, P. (2012). Measuring health data management maturity in
Abu Dhabi. Health Policy and Technology, 1(3), pp.127-136.
Al-Hajj, A. and Hamani, K. (2011). Material Waste in the UAE Construction Industry: Main
Causes and Minimization Practices. Architectural Engineering and Design Management,
7(4), pp.221-235.
Call for papers - Special Issue: Landfill Processes. (2012). Waste Management, 32(10), p.I.
Landfill Processes. (2012). Waste Management, 32(9), p.1736.
Rajagopal, S. and Bansal, I. (2015). Waste disposal of fresh fruits and vegetables. Management
of Env Quality, 26(5), pp.721-738.
O'Callaghan, R. (2007). Fixing the payment system at Alvalade XXI: a case on IT project risk
management. J Inf Technol, 22(4), pp.399-409.
Opresnik, D., Fiasch, M., Taisch, M. and Hirsch, M. (2015). An evolving fuzzy inference
system for extraction of rule set for planning a productservice strategy. Information
Technology and Management.
Zgurowsky, M., Kovalenko, I., Kondrak, K. and Kondrak, E. (2000). System Technologies in
Project Management. Journal of Automation and Information Sciences, 32(11), pp.31-37.
Ji, F. (2002). Building a security system for PDM. CJME, 15(supp), p.57.
QIN, L. (2006). WIRELESS MINIATURE ROBOT AND ITS CONTROL SYSTEM. Chinese
Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 42(supp), p.106.
Su, L. (2002). MICROMNIPULATORS SYSTEM TO PACKAGE PHOTOELECTRIC

21

DEVICE. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 38(supp), p.48.

Wang, H. (2002). ARCHITECTURE OF OPEN CNC SYSTEM BASED-ON CORBA. Chinese
Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 38(supp), p.104.
Zhang, J. (2002). RESEARCH ON CUTTING FORCE MONITORING SYSTEM. Chinese
Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 38(supp), p.151.
ZHANG, Y. (2006). NOVEL MODULAR SELF-RECONFIGURABLE ROBOT SYSTEM.
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 42(supp), p.175.
Abe, N. and Osako, M. (2008). Significances Issues and Potential Problems of the Benchmarking
Application for Municipal Solid Waste Administration. Haikibutsu Gakkai Ronbunshi,
19(3), pp.161-174.
Admiraal, R. and Helden, G. (2003). Benchmarking in the Dutch Waste-Water Treatment Sector.
Public Money and Management, 23(2), pp.113-118.
Admiraal, R. and Jan van Helden, G. (2003). Benchmarking in the Dutch Waste-Water Treatment
Sector. Public Money & Management, 23(2), pp.113-118.
Fuller, J. and Robinson, M. (2014). First Efforts in Benchmarking the Stoker/Pulverized Coal
Industry. The Open Waste Management Journal, 7(1), pp.1-5.
Gunasekaran, A. (2001). Benchmarking in supply chain management. Benchmarking: An
International Journal, 8(4).
Lavee, D. and Khatib, M. (2010). Benchmarking in municipal solid waste recycling. Waste
Management, 30(11), pp.2204-2208.
Yeomans, J. and Yang, X. (2014). Municipal waste management optimisation using a firefly
algorithm-driven simulation-optimisation approach. IJPMB, 4(4), p.363.
Bonk, F., Bastidas-Oyanedel, J. and Schmidt, J. (2015). Converting the organic fraction of solid
waste from the city of Abu Dhabi to valuable products via dark fermentation Economic
and energy assessment. Waste Management, 40, pp.82-91.
Fatta, D., Marneri, M., Papadopoulos, A., Moustakas, K., Haralambous, K. and Loizidou, M.
(2003). Development of guidelines on best practices for the slaughter of animals in Cyprus.

22

Waste Management, 23(2), pp.157-165.

Podolak, I., Harrison, O. and Vetter, P. (2012). Measuring health data management maturity in
Abu Dhabi. Health Policy and Technology, 1(3), pp.127-136.
Sez, P., Bez, A., Navarro, J. and Merino, M. (2014). Redefining construction and demolition
waste management systems: best practices on civil engineering works. The Baltic Journal
of Road and Bridge Engineering, 9(2), pp.171-179.