Number Lesson #1: Prime Factors Overview In this unit we look at prime factors of whole numbers and applications: including, greatest ‘common factor, east common multiple, square root and cube rot. ‘We also look at the real number system with particular emphasis on rational nd irrational ‘numbers and on the relationship between mixed and entire radicals. Factors The whole number 6 is exactly divisible by 1, 2, 3, and 6 and by no ‘other whole numbers ‘The numbers 1, 2, 3, and 6 are the factors ofthe whole number 6, ‘The number 6 has four factors. Sat the factors ofthe following ais ») 24 135.15 4,2,3, 6,68, 18, ab Teach ease, determine the numberof facioes ofthe given whole number, os.) -o1 07 OB 3 1a.s.t0 1 wt 4936408 two four one two six Prime and Composite Numbers A prime number is defined as a whole number which has exactly two factors ‘The two factors are always 1 and the numberitself, eg. 3,7. ‘A composite number is a whole number which has more than two factors, ©, 10, 18, ‘The number 1 has only one factor and is nether prime nor compen, In this course the umber 0 fs defined to have no factors Complete the is ofthe stem prime nambers, 2,3, 5.2 M1817, 14, 23,29, (Copyright © by Absolute Value Publications. This book ls NOT covered by the Cancopy agreement W. P. WAGNER HIGH SCHOOD2. Number Lesson #: Prime Factor Classify he following whole numbers a prime or composite. ) 4 7 9 9% 4 101 @ 103 emposite, prime campoute iat pine Prime Factors ‘The prime factors of a whole number aze the factors ofthe number which are prime. Forexample The factors of 6 are 1, 2, 3, and 6. ‘The prime factors of 6 are 2 and 3. ‘carksw | a) State the factors of 12. 1b) State the prime factors of 12. ; 12,3), 612 23 ©) xpress 12 as.a produto prime factors dead Prime Factorization Every composite number can be expressed as a product of prime factors. Expressing a whole nomber 88a prodvct of prime factors i called the prime factorization of the number. “The prime factorization of small numbers ike 12 can probably be done mentally, but, for Tanger numbers, a division table ora tee diagram can be used trate these techniques forthe prime factorization of 48. tre diagram 2 [48 48 — an 2 [2 6 — v 2] 12 BS C4 2/6 s[a 48=2%2%2x2"3 oF 2x3 Copyright © by Absolute Value Publcatons. Ths bookie NOT covered by the Cancopy agreement. OBaoNumber Lesson: Pre Facors 3 | Femme] Ua divin leo dosing the prime fran of 272, 7 avaede3eTel] oe gas e7ell — ee & 33380 245454547414 10 3385 co e as oe ax 5?¥7 «19 5 133 rN eld ‘Complete Assignment Questions #1 - #16 Assignment 1. State the factors of: a) a 1,3,7, a0 Be las Waa ie o 3 1,8,35 a) 36 1,8,3,%, 69,12, 18 36 2, Ineach case, determine the numberof factors of the given whole number, a8 ou 9” a 3 1248 wa wv 143,033 four two tes Foor ‘3. Which numbers in ueston #2 are: 8) prime WNT b) composite ©, 33, WS Copyright © by Absolute Value Publeations. This Book is NOT covered by the Cancopy agreement4 Number Lesson #: Prime Factors 4. Classify the following whole numbers as prime or composite a) 30 b) 4 Composite print 94 a)s7 99 1 121g) 133m) 169 Prine composite prime Composite composite: compasite '5. Twin primes ae defined to be consecutive odd numbers that are both prime (eg. $ and 7), List the seven other twin primes less than 80, ° Bana 5 Waa 13 VT ant. 14 24 ead 31 C Milan 3 Sank GT end 73 i 6 2) ae the fac of 20, 3) Sue the pine fats of 20 eee eee a axars 17. State the prime factors of ) os » 2 04% a) 6s 3s a as a.3.u 8. Explain why the numbers 0 and 1 have no prime factors. O 1s defined to have no Factors, Since @ prime aumber has exactly two Fectors, thee Cannot be ony prime numbers which ace factors of O of |. \ has only one Factor, ) 9. sea division tablet determine the prime fctoricaton of a) 40 ») 330 © 191, a) 1925 a [140 2 [330 3 [14 5 |i9as, ale 3 [165 7 [637 5( 385 : 5/35 5 [55 Allee Alea a a ufat 3[3 net a ae 1 1 1 1 axaxSe7 axdxSxip 3X 7¥7¥/3 S*Sx7e11 or oe 3477x130 SK TEU ax 47 ‘Conynam © by Absolute Vaiue Pubscatons. This book i NOT covered by the Cancopy agreement.Number Lesson: Prime Factors 5 10. Use a tee diagram to determine the prime factorization of oy » 546 © 3705 a) 6762 ‘. an cs we 3a a hn 5 TH 6 uat ans a 7S ats aos saa x 4 Soak esa wl a ii Tas cis wa oy AnB*S HIS AnSxTHS FHS HFA AnZeTRTHAT oe ARS KT HS 11. Ineach case write the number asa product of prime factor. ow by 68s 16) 4235 @ 780 N 7s IN ’ a” a 5137 5 aut AY Ve 7 SN ses sy vin Re aN a Pry ee 7 ae BxS43 eT S¥13T SeTMMIL 242x345 ¥ 7419 oe o 3°47 seaeu ana XS eT 14 RRR ote towns mbes searing aera 39257 AS 5” Re me s n \ 7 rai 13, How many ofthe numbers inthe list 2,3,9,13-are not prime factors of 2 $92? AL 4 B,D and A ace Factors a ak Bl 3 dak enly Dank 3 ave print Peeters, AUS ee pe aA oe . Nn D. Good 13 ace cot prime factors, = a 3 L Y RIS oe Copyright © by Absolute Value Publeatons. This book ls NOT covered by the Cancopy agreement6 Nomber Lesion #1: Prine FRR Povo orater pine tat of 373965 fe _. 5 The Base Tt sis ld Jaen as Ss 3553 . sf foe 1 3a3 oO yg 5 (cd your ane in te meri epee box ome 0g) Gla 15, Theres only one st of prime triplets ~ three consecutive add numbers which areal rime. Irthe prime triplets are a, J and c then the value of abe 3x5¥7 = 105 b (Record your answer inthe uel esponse box fom fo right) ‘ols ( 16. The number 686 can be expressed as a product of prime factors inthe form px 4". Oo ‘The value of p+ q-+r is 686 ca = : : ) 3 rE aeaa la “3 at 9 ¢ oy a3 (Rcd Jou inte et pn bx omit ih) 1 ia ¢ ‘Answer Key C a) 137.21 bY 12M. © 1,528) 1,2,3,4,6,9,12,18,36 2 ays W202 4 6 3m) UIT B B3KEs 4a) composite. b) prime €) prime) composite e) prime M)compesite g) composite) composite 15, Sand, 14 and 13, 17and 19, 29 and 3, 41 and 43, 59.and 6, 71 apd 73, 6.) 1.2.4,5,10,20 6) 2,5 6) 2x2x5 7.8) 35 W239 45 H 290 8.0 i defined to ave no factors and as only one facto. Since a prime mmber has exsly 180 factors there canna bea prime nmber wich re facts of Oo DD9® Da) 2x245x7 bY 2e3xSKH O) SKIRTED @ SxSH TEI $0.9)24345413 bY 2x3KTH IC) 3xSK AID g) 2e3KTATED Meayx3 37 bY SBT ey Su TMM a) 2H DI KSKTRD no we ufo]? T° [> Tela )eae| alee] Copyright © by Absolute Valve Publeatons, Ths book ks NOT covered by the Cancopy agreement