KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT karena atas berkat rahmat hidayah-NYA, laporan
Desain III Rencana Umum dan Safety Plan dapat terselesaikan Insya Allah dengan baik.
Shalawat dan salam tercurahkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW, segenap Keluarga, para
sahabat, dan pengikutnya.
Laporan Desain III Rencana Umum dan Safety Plan ini merupakan laporan yang
disusun sebagai tindak lanjut dari tugas perencanaan rencana umum dan safety plan pada
semester 6 ini yang merupakan kelanjutan dari Desain II- Propeller dan Sitem Perporosan.
Pada kesempatan ini saya ingin menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih sebesarbesarnya kepada Bapak Ir. Agoes Santoso, M.Sc, M.Phil, sebagai dosen pembimbing yang telah
banyak memberikan arahan-arahan selama proses pengerjaan Desain dan Sistem Perporosan ini,
serta kepada Bapak Dr. Raja Oloan Saut Gurning, ST, M.Sc selakukoordinator Mata Kuliah
Desain III Rencana Umum dan Safety Plan, kepada orang tua dan teman teman yang telah
memberikan dukungan, doa dan masukan demi kelancaran pengerjaan Desain II dan penyusunan
laporan ini.
Saya menyadari bahwa masih terdapat hal-hal yang kurang sempurna dari saya dalam
melakukan tugas rancang kapal kali ini, sehingga saran dan kritik yang membangun selalu
dinantikan.
Akhir kata, semoga Laporan Desain III Rencana Umum dan Safety Plan ini dapat
bermanfaat bagi para pembaca dan penulis untuk bahan studi dan perancangan di semestersemester selanjutnya.Amin.

Surabaya, 5 Juni 2015

Penulis

DAFTAR ISI
KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................................................... i

DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................................... ii

BAB I FILOSOFI RANCANGAN ..................................................................................................... 1

I.1 Rencana Umum..................................................................................................................... 1
I.2 Ruang Muat ........................................................................................................................... 1
I.3 Ruang Anak Buah Kapal dan Penumpang............................................................................. 2
A. Sleeping Room .................................................................................................................... 3
B. Mess Room ......................................................................................................................... 3
C. Sanitary Accomodation........................................................................................................ 3
D. Dry and Provision ................................................................................................................ 4
E. Galley .................................................................................................................................. 4
F. Radio Room......................................................................................................................... 4
G. Hospital ............................................................................................................................... 4
H. Music and Audio Room ....................................................................................................... 4
I. Office .................................................................................................................................... 4
I.4 Ruang Navigasi ..................................................................................................................... 5
Ruang Kemudi ......................................................................................................................... 5
Ruang Peta .............................................................................................................................. 5
Ruang Radio ............................................................................................................................ 5
ESEP Room ............................................................................................................................ 5
I.5 Ruang Permesinan ................................................................................................................ 5
I.6 Permesinan Geladak ............................................................................................................. 6
a. Peralatan Tambat ................................................................................................................ 6
b. Kemudi ................................................................................................................................ 9
c. Peralatan Bongkar Muat....................................................................................................... 9
d. Peralatan Keselamatan ...................................................................................................... 11
I.7 Tangki-tangki ....................................................................................................................... 12
I.7.1. Heavy Fuel Oil Tank...................................................................................................... 12
I.7.2. Marine Dieseil Oil Tank ................................................................................................. 12
I.7.3. Fresh Water Tank ......................................................................................................... 12
I.7.4. Ballast Tank .................................................................................................................. 12
I.8 Standar Kebutuhan dan Peletakan Peralatan Pemadam dan Keselamatan......................... 13
I.8.1. Fire Plan ....................................................................................................................... 13
I.8.2. Perlengkapan Keselamatan .......................................................................................... 23
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BAB II DETAIL LANGKAH DAN PERHITUNGAN ........................................................................ 33

II.1 Perhitungan besarnya tahanan / hambatan kapal ............................................................... 33
II.1.1. Volume Displasement .................................................................................................. 33
II.1.2. Displasement ............................................................................................................... 33
II.1.3. Luas Permukaan Basah ............................................................................................... 33
II.1.4. Froude Number ............................................................................................................ 33
II.1.5. Reynold Number .......................................................................................................... 33
II.1.6. Tahanan Gesek ........................................................................................................... 34
II.1.7. Tahanan Sisa ............................................................................................................... 34
II.1.8. Koreksi Tahanan Tambahan pada Tahanan Sisa ........................................................ 34
II.1.9. Tahanan Tambahan ..................................................................................................... 36
II.1.10. Tahanan Udara .......................................................................................................... 36
II.1.11. Tahanan Kemudi........................................................................................................ 36
II.1.12. Tahanan Total Kapal .................................................................................................. 36
II.1.13. Kondisi Pelayaran Dinas ............................................................................................ 37
II.2 Perhitungan besarnya daya mesin induk dan memilih mesin induk yang sesuai................. 37
II.2.1. Daya Efektif (EHP) ....................................................................................................... 37
II.2.2. Daya pada Tabung Poros Buritan Baling-baling (DHP) ................................................ 37
II.2.3. Daya Dorong Baling-baling (THP) ................................................................................ 38
II.2.4. Daya pada Poros Baling-baling (SHP) ......................................................................... 39
II.2.5. Daya Penggerak Utama (BHP) .................................................................................... 39
II.2.6. Pemilihan Mesin Penggerak Utama ............................................................................. 39
II.2.6. Pemilihan Gearbox ...................................................................................................... 40
II.3 Penentuan Jarak Gading (frame spacing) dan Tinggi Dasar Ganda ................................... 40
II.3.1. Penentuan Jarak Gading ............................................................................................. 40
II.3.2. Tinggi Dasar Ganda ..................................................................................................... 40
II.4 Penentuan Letak Sekat Kedap, Sekat Kamar Mesin, Sekat Ruang Muat ........................... 41
II.4.1. Penentuan Letak Sekat Tabung Poros ......................................................................... 42
II.4.2. Penentuan Letak Sekat Kamar Mesin .......................................................................... 42
II.4.3. Penentuan Letak Sekat Ruang Muat ............................................................................ 42
II.4.4. Penentuan Letak Sekat Tubrukan ................................................................................ 43
II.5 Perencanaan Tipe Kemudi dan Mesin Kemudi ................................................................... 44
II.5.1. Perhitungan Luas Daun Kemudi................................................................................... 44
II.5.2. Perhitungan Dimensi Utama Daun Kemudi .................................................................. 44
II.5.3. Menentukan Gaya-gaya pada Daun Kemudi ................................................................ 45
II.5.4. Menentukan Torsi pada Tongkat Kemudi ..................................................................... 46
II.5.5. Menentukan Daya Mesin Kemudi................................................................................. 46
II.6 Perencanaan Jumlah Anak Buah Kapal dan Pengaturan Ruang ........................................ 47
II.6.1. Perhitungan Gross Tonnage ........................................................................................ 47
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II.6.2. Penentuan Jumlah ABK ............................................................................................... 50

II.6.2. Pengaturan Ruang Tiap Geladak ................................................................................. 53
II.7 Pengaturan Fasilitas Tiap Ruang dan Aksesibilitas antar-ruang ......................................... 55
II.7.1. Pengaturan Fasilitas Tiap Ruang ................................................................................. 55
II.7.2. Pengaturan Aksesibilitas Antar Ruang ......................................................................... 57
II.7.3. Pengaturan Aksesibilitas Antar Dek ............................................................................. 57
II.8 Perencanaan dan Gambar Pandangan Atas geladak, dasar ganda, dan tangki ................. 60
II.9 Perencanaan Sistem Bongkar Muat ................................................................................... 62
II.9.1. Operasional Bongkar Muat........................................................................................... 64
II.9.2. Peralatan Bongkar Muat Peti Kemas ........................................................................... 65
II.10 Perencanaan Volume serta jumlah ruang muat serta penutupan palkah .......................... 68
II.10.1. Perencanaan Kapasitas Ruang Muat ......................................................................... 68
II.10.2. Jenis-jenis Penutupan Palkah .................................................................................... 68
II.11 Perencanaan Volume serta jumlah ruang muat serta penutupan palkah .......................... 69
II.11.1. Perhitungan Volume Tangki Bahan Bakar HFO ......................................................... 70
II.11.2. Perhitungan Volume Tangki Bahan Bakar MDO ........................................................ 71
II.11.3. Perhitungan Volume Tangki Lubricating Oil ............................................................... 71
II.11.4. Perhitungan Volume Tangki Fresh Water .................................................................. 71
II.11.5. Perhitungan Volume Tangki Ballast .......................................................................... 73
II.12 Perencanaan dan Perhitungan Kemudi, Jangkar, serta Permesinan Geladak .................. 74
a. Jangkar ............................................................................................................................. 74
b. Chain Locker ..................................................................................................................... 77
c. Capstan ............................................................................................................................ 78
II.13 Perencanaan Sistem Pemadam Kebakaran di setiap geladak dan ruang ......................... 79
II.14 Perencanaan Kapasitas Alat-alat Keselamatan dan Peletakannya ................................... 81
II.15 Perencanaan Lampu-lampu utama untuk Keselamatan dan Operasional Kapal ............... 82
II.16 Perencanaan Umum Kebutuhan Peralatan Elektronika di anjungan ................................. 83

BAB III GAMBAR RANCANGAN .................................................................................................. 85

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................................................... 91
LAMPIRAN .................................................................................................................................. 92

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