Just think about soccer! Twenty two bulls roll ball back and fortht If you gave to each of them, say... a road roller! So they, twenty two bulls, twenty two bulls, for one and half hour...for one and half hour and twenty two bulls... writing two, thinking seven... they would pave the whole pitch with asphalt! te eee ee A eae ae it would be...a hundred thousand people rouble... it would be... crazy money indeed! ee ea Re Stadium Roof Analysis Dmitry Maslov Institute Giprostroymost Saint-Petersburg Yablochkova 7, Saint-Petersburg, 197198, Russia STs etl aaa)Structure Overview The new stadium has been under construction since 2007 according to 'TheSpaceship' concept by Japanesesarenitect Kisho, Kurokawa Bi nt-moXonolelome-)-laL ales a eDa ots. MMAR OA lien iarse- Voi ic) for the 2018 FIFA World Gup The estimated cost exceeds $1.3 billion making the-structure the 2nd mest expensive stadium in the-world (after Wembley ir-London)Structure Overview The 69,000-capacity are’ for the 2018 FIFA World eA Coar . MU aR learsle te cao ierca tees re yi Codg pie us structure bells Dy: =~] yrs expensive-stadium in the world (after Wembley in-London) oe apStructure Overview The new stadium has been under construction since 2007 according to 'TheSpaceship' concept by Japanesesarenitect Kisho, Kurokawa Bi nt-moXonolelome-)-laL ales a eDa ots. MMAR OA lien iarse- Voi ic) for the 2018 FIFA World Gup The estimated cost exceeds $1.3 billion making the-structure the 2nd mest expensive stadium in the-world (after Wembley ir-London)CTA eH Roe eS LA oo until reached the final (?) form t.Stationary Roof Outer stiffness rim made of orthotropic plateStationary Roof Outer stiffness rim made of orthotropic plate Tia mag ee)an m Tease, rim a | q AiR e ROMS Lam enECel anelel L , ry i ’Rite) apm ln ii / ICV Te Reread ¢ Stationary Roof ) ao reau Berrien aslo % we = ~~ c Cael, y eal d ela =koa)Pied aml ge Sins) 1. Conflicting reqirements of the capacity of structural elements arte (Mcolm CACM it aelie) eee daa ae) Cel Nala igPied aml ge Sins) 2. Inclined pylons and vertical cables allow the compression to spead along the whole structure instead of concentrating near the pylonsFinding Cable Forces Solving a quadratic programming problem ted min) x; with N=#(X,..X,,) S[N] N> < 3500 IN ESS\ore) 3The Snow 4oad report had distribution maps: a on paper =Sa a : ® 9 ae ae ‘re, m, iF BCom Mae LeCO LUCE gU odot so (stn eal Or & =) Nwae ro cetintersectio” VR om ee +Sliding Roof Nee eee CL MMC mE Roe ete lee the moving parts flexible. But the whole model was still needed to simulate the interaction of roof parts ae)Sliding Roof Nee each MMC mE Reo o( ete R ata le the moving parts flexible. But the whole model was still needed to simulate the interaction of roof parts ae)Sliding Roof Nee echo Meco NE Roa (oer R aslo y the moving parts flexible. But the whole model was still needed to simulate the interaction of roof parts ae)Sliding Roof Nee each Meco NE Roa oC e te Rae le the moving parts flexible. But the whole model was still needed to simulate the interaction of roof parts ae)Sliding Roof Ne Ca Ree Leelee ele) CER aelary(e(-le-ve Ra ste the moving parts flexible. But the whole model was still needed to simulate the interaction of roof parts ae)Sliding Roof ONS ea Raitt R ee LO A ole RAary(o(-e-e hal e4 (6 the moving parts flexible. But the whole model was still needed to simulate the interaction of roof parts ae)Sliding Roof At preliminary stages the stationary roof was considered rigid, the moving parts flexible. But the whole model was still needed to simulate the interaction of roof parts ae)Sliding Roof Niele ate} nary roof was considered rigid, WLnea Fla hood But the whole model was still needed simulate the interaction of roof parts ae)Sliding Roof ae)Sliding Roof ae)Sliding Roof 10Moving algorithm: [| Te] ing Roof SPM Ter LN lee ae emai coloMoving algorithm: Sliding Roof 2. Calculate joint coordinates to the sliding roof parts: M7 cosa -sina Y,—Y,cosa+Z,sin a) (y, eer 2) zJ\=| sina cosa Z,—Y,sina-—Z,cos ax} z, |x}O 1 0 0) ) to 1 ‘| aoe}Moving algorithm: Sliding Roof FRM eho Tce Rem UEC LAU ee i ie 1 fo) ° i \=| i, |x| cos(as) -—sin(as) 4 3 0 sin(as) cos(as) ‘0Moving algorithm: Sl id ing Roof PMT eee Reem en (eT acoloMoving algorithm: Sl id ing Roof Pech caCo el aU mi ea 12Moving algorithm: Sliding Roof 6. Run non-linear analysis with compression-only connection members 12Result postprocessing Sy 7 fa| lays Ro of BCS acc ade Kol ca] Pooh ec #_XL_SETCELL(1, 1, "STAGE") Pye ea omen Teen) Pe moto toAt esc Oo. Le aero ced eer #ENDIF #_XL_SETCELL(XLROW, 1, "F" + STAGE) Pe aE ced (oul) #VAR MEM = CONN(I, 1) eS aoe Car tt eect c La Cecio anasto area) Ene 3Result postprocessing Sl 7 re| in g R fo) of CT mea a OM NOM emer CR COLE NARUC Lee roof in another program Brant Doe ae Bee oar Nrihe) a) #FOR I = 1 TO ROWCOUNT (CONN) PCa eo teas) #VAR R = -DBX_GET("$MEMS.ENX. FSSTAGES") #_XL_SETCELL (XLROW, I+1, R) oe erry SCONN(I, 2)%, BEAM , CONLOAD, GZ, NO , NO, aDir[1], , , , *CONN(I, 4)%, %-R/2.0%, 0, SCONN(I, 3)%, BEAM , CONLOAD, GZ, NO , NO, aDir[l}, , , , *CONN(I, 5)%, %-R/2.0%, 0, Cored #NEXT eC CR COC tse een ee ose K Cas ae Sc 3} Pesce Mer eee Rate oo Rohs UC oe) SRE mrs} 14Result postprocessing Sl id ing Roof PE MAL Marte eo eC mel Cy eLearn aon) pose LOTT ee alee) #VAR JTS = GETCOL(TRACK(0), 1) Pe ee rca ter ee) SER rico tcr oC) eee Poe ee eae ne oe too) ee ae ated) #SETFORMAT (".3F") #VAR N = VEC_START(1500, 1500) Ong) 3.0.0 tse) Pe tio Me nes rc Ce ep) pee teers ICP) A Mee eo re ee) eet et a ees) pee a ero Xt a ane La) Pee see a7 Cen) Aerts eC) eae a XC) eae) #VEC_FINISH(N, "DIAGRAMS\_$SNAMES .EPS") 15Result postprocessing Sl 7 re| in g R fo) of Pre WM Macleans melo Ce Una DEFORMATIONS Sliding Roof 2 ye ee oe 5#MATRIX MEMBERS (0 TO 7) Dos aes tt) ee Aiuto oie cio) #FUNC SLIDING ENVELOPE () Perse ois sme tf) #ENDMATRIX Doo eA to 5) Lee Ao eos d eee Cae Sut Pes aor erode) Cau iConstruction Stages PPT Ueric ne Rcelna gta edConstruction Stages 2. Building temporary piers and rolling path for the inner and lta 17Construction Stages 2. Building temporary piers and rolling path for the inner and outer rimsConstruction Stages CPanel raceme WOM eal Memon mel xed ieee)Construction Stages CPanel raceme WOM eal Memon mel xed ieee)Construction Stages CPanel raceme WOM eal Memon mel xed ieee)as Construction Stages E-Ten =as Colter Assembling roof sectors and pushing to their final position Installing bearings instead of outer Pein) cadConstruction Stages CPanel raceme WOM eal Memon mel xed ieee)Construction Stages 4. Installing bearings instead of outer rolling patha oy wv Construction StagesConstruction StagesConstruction StagesCable Stressing First idea: Stressing cable-stays to 100% elongation and dismantling temporary piers Not applicable due to insufficient foundation capacity ats)Cable Stressing EY Teol Te Ce (—r-1 CON et age Me] eRe age MLC) ene (1g) BUM )coy omer Cae ere oh LRU ROR CR TOMA ER Aa) ats)Cable Stressing Ceri CR makina re (eCCable Stressing Cerium ane e Cn oa 1. No cable force shall exceed 60% of the ultimate valueCable Stressing Cerium ane e Cn oa oer) Bolg ces ley Molen Le LOL . Neither temporary pier nor auxiliary element shall automatically CoC Teta)Cable Stressing Cerium ane e Cn oa oer) Bolg ces ley Molen Le LOL . Neither temporary pier nor auxiliary element shall automatically detach In order to avoid very small cable elongations some piers have to be forcedly removedCable Stressing Cerium ane e Cn oa oer) Bolg ces ley Molen Le LOL . Neither temporary pier nor auxiliary element shall automatically detach In order to avoid very small cable elongations some piers have to be forcedly removed . No pylon force shall exceed the service valueCable Stressing Trial and error method is the only way to find a sequence 19Cable Stressing The analytical model has about 60 000 joints, 94 000 members and BIC RRs (ice mice) Tradional solver runs out of memory GT SES spends up to 50 minutes to complete nonlinear analysis for a stepCable Stressing Quadratic programming approach min f(x) =0.5x'Gx—a'x with x20 NTT in turbance mich alicia sce lr etn l ed is the vector of connection member forces from self weight loads X is the vector of connection member expansions When the solution is found: yee aia tase at Ae Rotate Ke eters) It needs only two iterations to complete a step PalCable Stressing Quadratic programming approach BUT IT WON’T SPEED UP THE PROCESS. PalSuperelement Approach Commands to create superelements lead to out of memory error using the standard solver and cannot be used with the sparse equation solver All superelement data have to be collected and specified manually Sato UDR O NE "SUP_1' BOUNDARY NODES 'F1' 70 'F32' 'S1' TO 'Si6! Sterno E BLU use awe ee ape UU eed SUB 1 1 ROW DISPL X ¥ Z COL DISPL x YZ SUE EP Las a MRE etl ee oee ey 2.17181250000000D+006 4.04054190000000D+005 -9.76102600000000D+002 ESE ee eee eee ECO re SUB 2 1 ROW DISPL X ¥ Z COL DISPL X YZ -1 Ee Mera Peseta ERA TT eRe eons eee eee) PREEE Ee REE ere RRR Oey 22Superelement Approach Superelement definition sequence 1. Create the analytical model containing joints and elements to form the superelement Deen Cae) 3) reuse ree erro) Coun Tara tod a) REPEAT 4 TIMES ID 1 X 1.0 aes o desc Cote MeRp st ae td ag REPEAT 3 TIMES ID 1 FROM 1 TO 1 roo owe) Pepa tants Pee aera Eee staey 23Superelement Approach Tracie ote lta 2. Declare boundary joints as supported with restrained translations and free rotations Rou oon use ty 170 4 aX 0.1 3X 0.1 I¥ 0.1 2Z 0.1 Pon mia ord Darah ts DSS ae LI a Se tareu sco ara y ot ATCT 2 70 4 MOMENT X ¥ Z 24Superelement Approach Superelement definition sequence 3. Specify joint displacement loads for the restrained degrees of freedom of boundary joints #VAR BJ = (2, 3, 4) #VAR AXES = ("X", "¥", "Z") een) Se eee It EO HoT.) #FOR J = LOW(AXES) TO HIGH (AXES) Prete eee a Reese Sta Cet iy Phe essa eo Ca ae) ed #NEXT 25Superelement Approach Superelement definition sequence Ce ae NEE e-Lee Ui ney Sate Dy eer EEC aero) DBX BINARY DIRECT #DBX_DEFINEGROUP("'BJ' JOINTS", Bd) Desa MTR ue te eee ear u ets) #DBX_CLEAR() Cua Ce TOS eS a LS) 26Superelement Approach Superelement definition sequence 5. Reactions in boundary joints form the stiffness matrix #MATRIX K(N TON) OF 0 oan Pee ett Toe ect ta) ee ote SM rset) cere ee Rents ae ee it en eet sad sad ona #K = DBX_MATRIX(K) eySuperelement Approach Tracie ote lta 6. Declare boundary joints unconstrained 7. Specify self weight loads for all members and elements ee old a had DEAD LOAD 'SW' FACTOR 1.0 DIRECTION -¥ MEMBERS 1 70 4 prs)Superelement Approach Superelement definition sequence 8. Perform stiffness analysis and acquire results again poe eo Rees Ee Sees) eae eae ed Dio ee Mon uncon eo eee aru) #DBX_CLEAR() #DBX_UPDATE ("STDBX", DBX_JOINT_RES) 29Superelement Approach Superelement definition sequence g. Find the boundary joints displacement vector 10. Multiply the stiffness matrix and displacement vector to get the load vector #MATRIX U(N TO 1) OF 0 Ce eet MEO Eco:153) eee ott SR reer) pekearecs tet ee Ee eo ee ad ona #0 = DBX_MATRIX(U) #PRINT(U) ec 1)Superelement Approach Superelement definition sequence 11. Save the superelement data for the main analytical model Csr aes Pees vREMEMR | — ocd Prentet) See cree org Pre eed eri a oe ae) See e Ce Ecc eee Reon oe eee Piero Metre ite he Mecet ce atten Meters Pierce ae ite rrr mt ethr ie matter mare eriens Cth MRCethe he (cn het mcr ri ascetics ood Cd eo) Pee Rey Pee een e107) Pree Ree et) ee ene cr ee ne) eee st Yi) Dereon ri Cd axexr EY Pee Tease mL er)Final Actions All the temporary piers and stationary roof were converted to superelements. Only pylons, cable-stays, and links remained in the model It took seconds to simulate a step and no more than 3 hours for the entire sequence of 118 steps i iN \ \ N PEST eRe a aR na ol bal CAL) 118 loads for the analysis of the stationary roof were generated Final report was made iThank you for attention