Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Time Allowed: 3 Hours
200
Maximum Marks:
Instructions:
1. For full credit, answer all questions.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION A
1)
(i).
A mixture of Ethyl Acetate vapor and air has a relative saturation of 50 percent at
2
30 C is 16 kN / m ,
(a).
The
percentage
of
air
is
.
(b).
The
molal
saturation
is
..
(ii).
-----------------------------------
The
heat
The
heat
of
formation
of
gaseous
n-Heptane
at
25 C
is
25 C
is
(b).
of
formation
of
gaseous
Ethyl
Alcohol
at
2.
(i).
(ii).
The hydraulic mean diameter of the annular space between pipes of diameter 0.4
m and 0.6 m is
(iii).
Bernoullis equation for steady frictionless flow states that, along a streamline,
(A) Total pressure is constant
(iv).
The pressure drop required for fluidizing a coal bed with a liquid petroleum fraction
2
of viscosity 0.015 Ns/m is 10 N/m . The pressure drop is required for fluidizing
the same bed with an oil of viscosity 0.03
2
Ns/m is
3.
(i).
(ii).
Compression
(B)
Impact
(C)
Attrition
(D)
Cutting action
In power correlations for agitated vessels the effect of Froude number appears:
(A)
For baffled vessels and when Reynolds number is less than 300.
(B)
(C)
(D)
When Reynolds
number
is
less
than 300.
(iii).
Two very small silica particles are settling at their respective terminal
velocities through a highly viscous oil column. If one particle is twice as large as the
other, the larger particle will take the time taken by the smallest particle to
fall through the same height.
(iv).
4.
(i).
(B)
The dimensions of the drop remain unaltered and it attains a temperature of 100 C
throughout.
(C)
The drop increases in size and it attains a temperature of 100 C throughout.
(D)
(ii).
(iii).
None of above.
(B)
(C)
(D)
(iv).
(A)
Buoyancy effects.
(B)
Free convection.
(A)
Forced convection.
A black body of finite dimension at 1000 K is inserted into an infinite medium at 300
-5
In the absorption of solute gas from a mixture containing inert in a solvent, it has
been found that the overall gas transfer coefficient is nearly equal to the individual
gas film transfer coefficient. It may therefore be concluded that,
(A)
(B)
(C)
The transfer rate can be increased substantially by reducing the thickness of the
liquid film.
(D)
The transfer rate can be increased substantially by reducing the thickness of the gas
film.
At the bottom of a countercurrent cooling tower, where the water temperature is
below the dry bulb temperature of air, the sensible heat flows from ..
to
(ii).
(iv).
(v).
(C)
Zero
(D)
Infinity.
(B)
(C)
(D)
Pr = Sc
(B)
Pr = Re
(C)
Sc = Re
(D)
(vi).
Nu = Sh
6.
(i).
(ii).
A system of unite mass at equilibrium consists of two phases, and of extent x and (1x) respectively. Write down expressions for the pressure and the specific enthalpy of
the system as a whole in terms of the properties P , P .,h , h .
(iii)
The maximum work obtainable from a closed system under isothermal operation is
given by ; For one mole of an ideal gas expanding isothermally to twice its
volume , this is equal to ..
(iv)
The minimum work required for steady isothermal compression of a real gas is given
by .; For one mole of an ideal gas that is compressed isothermally from one to
two atmosphere , this is equal to
7.
(i) An exothermic gas phase reaction proceeds according to the
equation 3A+2B 2R. The equilibrium conversion for this
reaction
(a) ncreases with an increase in temperature
(b) decreases on dilation with an inert gas
(c) ecreases with an increase in pressure
(d) is unaffected by the presence of catalyst
(ii)
What is the exit conversion of reactant A for a zero order reaction taking place
in a CSTR with the following data (rate constant= 1 mol/min.L); feed concentration =
1 mol/L; feed flow rate = 0.5 L/min and reactor volume = 1L
(A) 50%
(iii).
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(B) 75%
(c) 100%
(d) 200%
(iv).
Electrical.
(B)
Mechanical.
(C)
Chemical.
(D)
Thermal.
(E)
Magnetic.
of the system with two of these reactors if they are connected in,
(iii).
(A)
Series. ?
(B)
Parallel.?
What is the steady state output of the transfer function
for a unit
(ii).
Stainless steel.
(B)
Carbon steel.
(C)
Cast steel.
(D)
Monel.
Carbon steel.
(B)
5 Cr 1/8 Mo steel
(C)
Cast steel.
(D)
Stainless steel.
10. .
Pt + Re
(B)
Pt + Rh
(C)
Pt
(D)
Pt + CO
SECTION B
11.
(i).
Pure propane (C5H8) is burnt in an excess of air to give following analysis
of combustion products in volume percent:
CO2 = 5.0, CO = 3.5, H2 O = 11.4, O2 = 7.0 and N2 = 73.1
Calculate the percentage of excess air used.
(ii).
For the reaction A B, the process flow diagram is shown in figure.1.The fresh
feed of A contents 0.5 % of inert by volume. 80% conversion per pass of A fed to the reactor
is obtained. The concentration of inert going into the reactor (after mixing with the recycle
stream) must be held at 2% by volume. All streams are ideal gases and the process is at
steady state. How many moles need to be recycled per mole of total feed to the reactor at (1).
12
.
(i). Nikuradse developed a semitheoretical correlation for f vs. Re for steady turbulent
flow in smooth pipes (105 < Re < 107):
.
3
Water flowing at 1.5 L/s in a 0.05m diameter tube is metered by means of a simple
orifice of diameter 0.025m. If coefficient of discharge is 0.62, what will be the
reading on a mercury-under-water manometer connected to the meter? Density
13,600kg/m
13.
(i).
-4
A mixture of coal and sand particles having size smaller than 1x 10 m in diameter
is to be separated by screening and subsequent elutriation by water. Recommend a
screen aperture such that the oversize from the screen can be separated completely
into sand and coal particles by elutriation. Calculate also the required water velocity.
3
Assume that Stokes law is applicable. Density of sand = 2650 kg/m ; Density of coal
3
-3
A filtration is carried out for 10 min at a constant rate in a leaf filter and there after it
is continued at constant pressure which is attained at the end of the constant rate
period. If one quarter of the total value of the filtrate is collected during the constant
rate period. What is the total filtration time? Assume that the cake is incompressible
and that the filter medium resistance is negligible.
14.
(i).
In a 11 shell and tube heat exchanger, steam is condensing on the shell side at TS
C, and the cold fluid is being heated on the tube side from t1 C to t2 C. The
following equation relates t2 to the other variables.
Where U is the overall heat transfer coefficient, A is the heat transfer area, W is the
mass flow rate and CP is the heat capacity. The tube side coefficient is controlling and the
tube side fluid is in turbulent flow. TS = 130 C, t1 = 30 C, t2 = 80 C. If the mass flow rate of
the cold fluid is double while keeping all the other conditions it, find the new value of t2 at
steady state.
(ii).
A hot fluid flows through a well-mixed stirred tank which is provided with a cooling
jacket. The fluid in the cooling jacket can also be assumed to be well mixed.
Calculate the heat transfer area of the jacket required given the following data,
Hot fluid:
Cold fluid:
kg/s;
Flow rate,
Wh = 50 kg/s;
Flow rate,
Tih = 205 C;
Cph = 2 kJ/kg C;
WC = 100
tin = 25 C, tout = 45 C;
Cpc = 4 kJ/kg C;
2
U = 2.5 kW/m C;
15.
(i). A continuous rectification column is used to separate a binary mixture of A and B.
Distillate in produced at 100 kgmol/hr containing 98 mole % A. The mole fractions of
A in the liquid and in the vapor, x and y respectively, from two adjacent ideal plates
in the enriching section are as follows,
x
y
0.65
0.82
0.56
0.76
If the latent heat of vaporization is the same for all mixtures and if the feed is
a saturated liquid, calculate,
(a) The reflex ratio,
(b) Vapor rate in the striping section in kg moles /hr.
(ii).
Drying of food is carried out in an insulated tray. The drying air has a partial
pressure of water equal to 2380 Pa and a wet bulb temperature of 30 C. The product
2
has a drying surface of 0.05 m /kg dry solid. The material has a critical rate in the
falling rate period which is proportional to the moisture content and the mass transfer
-4
(iii).
The time required to dry the material from a moisture content of 0.22 to 0.06 (both
on dry basis). Vapor pressure of water at 30 C = 4232Pa.
Consider a system in which component A is being transferred from a gas phase to a
liquid phase. The equilibrium relation is given by yA = 0.75 xA , where yAand xA
are mole fractions of A in gas and liquid respectively. At one point in the equipment,
the gas contains 10 mole % A and the liquid 2 mole % A. Gas film mass
2
(a)
(b)
(c)
16.
(i).
(ii).
Benzene (1) and perfluoro-n-heptane (2) partially miscible below 113.4 C. At 100
C, for example, a binary mixture of two separates into two liquid phases, a benzene
rich
phase and a perfluoro-n-heptane rich phase . The excess Gibbs free energy for
the liquid mixture is well represented by Porters equation:
E
g / RT = 2.27.x1x2.
Calculate x1 and x1at equilibrium.
17.
(i).
is
What would be the order of this reaction at very high and very low pressures?
(ii).
(iii).
(b)
An ideal plug flow reactor is followed by an ideal back mix reactor. Additional data:
Feed rate = 20 liters /min
Feed concentration = 1 mol /liter.
Rat constant
=0.5min 1
18.
(i).
(ii)
determine for what range of values of a proportional controller gain K, the closed
lopp system will be stable?
19.
(i).
For a 1-1 fixed tube sheet heat exchanger, the following data are given,
3
Tube side = 2 x 10 kN /m ;
Design temperature;
Shell side = 50 C;
Tube side = 150 C;
2
Allowable stress value at both design temperatures is 1.2 x 103 kN /m . Shell inside
diameter = 0.6m, corrosion allowance (for shell and headers) = 3 x10
efficiency = 1. Find to the nearest mm,
(a)
The shell thickness.
(b)
(ii)
-3
m and Joint
For a project having a life of ten years the following cash flow pattern is expected,
End of years
0
1 10
10
If the expected interest rate is 20 percent, what is your recommendation about implementing
the project?
20.
(i).
(ii).
The dihydrate process is preferred to the hemihydrates process for the manufacture
of commercial grade ortho phosphoric acid from its ores and sulphuric acid.
(iii).
Under Indian conditions caustic soda of 50% concentration can be best prepared
by the Mercury Cell Technology.