Гонсалвес Э. - Изучаем Java EE 7 (the Expert's Voice in Java) - 2014

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Java EE 7
. , . , . , .

32.973.2-018.1
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.
.
.
.
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004.43
65
Java EE 7. .: , 2014. 640 .: .
ISBN 978-5-496-00942-3
Java Enterprise Edition (Java EE) Java.
,
Java EE 7.
. GlassFish,
.
Java EE, Java Community Process (JCP).
, Java .
Java EE; API EJB JPA -, - ,
, ; API -,
JSF, Facelet Expression Language; - SOAP RESTful,
, Java EE; ,
Java-.
12+ ( 29 2010 . 436-.)

ISBN 978-1430246268 .
ISBN 978-5-496-00942-3

Copyright 2013 by Antonio Goncalves

, 2014
,
, 2014
Apress. .
.
, , , . , , ,
.
, 192102, -, . (. ), . 3, , . 7.
005-93, 2; 95 3005 .
23.05.14. 70100/16. . . . 51,600. 1000. 0000.

. 180004, , . , 34.

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1. Java EE7.................................................................................... 22
Java EE.......................................................................................................... 22
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................................................................................................................ 32
JCP........................................................................................................................... 33
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Java Standard Edition7..................................................................................................... 35
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............................................................................................... 36
try-with-resources.................................................................................. 37
Multicatch-.............................................................................................. 38
NIO.2......................................................................................................................... 38
Java EE.......................................................................................... 39
Java EE........................................................................................... 39
................................................................................................................ 41
Java EE7........................................................................................... 42
-7.................................................................................. 45
CD-BookStore.............................................................................................. 46
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2. ................................................................. 49
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...................................................................................... 53
CDI........................................................................................... 54
CDI.......................................................................... 54
CDI 1.1.................................................................................................. 55
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CDI............................................................................................... 55
CDI................................................................. 56
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Book BookService..................................................................... 88
NumberGenerator........................................................................ 89
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....................................................................... 90
Main............................................................................................. 91
CDI beans.xml.................................................................... 92
Maven........................................................... 92
Main................................................................................................... 94
BookServiceIT............................................................................... 94
beans.xml .
.......................................................................... 95
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3. ................................................................................... 97
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Bean Validation1.1.................................................. 101
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ConstraintValidator.................................................................................... 117
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API................................................................................................ 122
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7
................................................................................................. 126
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.................................................................................................................... 128
Customer............................................................................ 130
Address.............................................................................. 130
@Email.............................................................................. 131
@ZipCode.......................................................................... 131
CustomerIT AddressIT..................................... 133
Maven...................................................................... 134
......................................................................................................................... 136
4. Java Persistence API......................................................................................... 137
....................................................................................................... 138
................................................................................................ 139
- ..................................................................... 140
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Bean Validation................................................................................... 148
JPA.............................................................................................. 148
JPA............................................................................................... 149
JPA2.1................................................................................................ 150
............................................................................................ 150
.................................................................................................................... 151
Book...................................................................................... 152
Main........................................................................................... 152
BookIT.............................................................. 153
....................................................................... 155
SQL- ....................................................... 156
Maven........................................... 157
Main Maven................................................. 160
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5. - ............................................................. 163
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XML............................................................................ 183
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6. .............................................................. 222
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JPQL.............................................................................................................................. 240
SELECT................................................................................................................... 242
FROM...................................................................................................................... 244
WHERE.................................................................................................................... 244
ORDER BY............................................................................................................... 245
GROUP BY HAVING................................................................................................ 246
................................................................................................ 246
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Criteria API ( - )............................................ 254
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Cache API...................................................................................................................... 261
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7. EJB-.................................................................... 281
EJB-.................................................................... 282
EJB-........................................................................................... 283
........................................................................... 284
, .................................................................. 285
EJB Lite................................................................................................................... 286
EJB............................................................................................. 287
EJB....................................................................... 288
EJB3.2................................................................................................ 289
............................................................................................ 290
EJB-................................................................ 290
EJB-...................................................................................... 291
EJB-............................................................................................ 292
, ..... 292
-.......................................................................................... 295
JNDI-.......................................................................................... 296
EJB- ........................................................... 297
EJB- ............................................................ 301
EJB-................................................................................... 304
................................................................................... 306
EJB- ............................................. 306
.................................................................................................... 307
, .................................................. 308
, EJB-.......................................... 309
.............. 310
9
.............................................................................................. 311
API- SessionContext................................................................................ 312
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EJB-............................................................................. 319
EJB-....................................................................... 321
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CDI.................................................................................. 322
JNDI................................................................................ 323
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8. , ........................... 325
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, , ................................................. 326
, ................................................................................ 327
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Entity..................................................................................... 343
BookEJB, ............ 345
CDI DatabaseProducer............................................................................ 346
BookEJB.................................................................................... 347
DatabasePopulator ............................. 348
BookEJBIT......................................................... 349
, Maven....................................... 351
GlassFish.................................................................................... 353
Main........................................................................................... 353
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9. ..................................................................................................... 355
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ACID.......................................................................................................... 356
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.................................................................................. 357
JTA...................................................................................... 357
XA........................................................................... 358
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JTA............................................................................................... 361
1.2 JTA.................................................................................... 361
............................................................................................. 362
EJB........................................................................................ 362
CMT ....................................................................... 366
............................................................................................. 367
Managed Beans...................................................................... 371
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10
10. JavaServer Faces........................................................................................... 374

-................................................................................................ 374
HTML...................................................................................................................... 375
XHTML.................................................................................................................... 377
CSS......................................................................................................................... 378
DOM....................................................................................................................... 381
JavaScript................................................................................................................ 381
JSF.............................................................................................................. 384
FacesServlet............................................................................................................ 385
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Facelets................................................................................................................... 387
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- ........................................................................ 388
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AJAX..................................................................................................... 390
JSF.............................................................................................. 390
-......................................................................... 390
JSF............................................................................................... 391
JSF2.2................................................................................................ 392
........................................................................................... 393
JSF- .......................................................................... 393
JSF......................................................................................... 393
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Body....................................................................................................................... 395
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JSF..................................................................................... 400
HTML- JSF.................................................................................................. 400
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JSF........................................................................................................ 409
JSF........................................................................................................ 410
JSTL....................................................................................................................... 412
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11. ................................................................................. 425
MVC................................................................................................................. 425
FacesServlet............................................................................................................ 426
FacesContext........................................................................................................... 429
Faces-config.xml...................................................................................................... 430
-................................................................................. 431
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-................................................................................. 432
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JSF EJB.......................................................................................... 439
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Bean Validation................................................................................... 451
AJAX.............................................................................................................................. 451
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JSF..................................................................................................... 453
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Book...................................................................................... 457
BookEJB................................................................................................ 458
- BookController.................................................... 458
layout.xhtml............................................................................. 459
newBook.xhtml....................................................................... 460
viewBook.xhtml....................................................................... 462
Maven.............................................................. 463
GlassFish.................................................................................... 464
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......................................................................................................................... 466
12. XML JSON................................................................................. 467
XML........................................................................................... 467
XML-......................................................................................................... 468
XML.............................................................................................. 469
SAX DOM....................................................................................... 472
DOM....................................................................................................................... 472
SAX......................................................................................................................... 472
XPath................................................................. 473
XSLT........................................................................... 473
XML............................................................................................. 475
XML-...................................................................... 475
XML Java...................................................................................... 476
............................................................................................. 477
Java XML............................................................................ 477
JAXP......................................................................................... 478
JAXP SAX.............................................................................................................. 479
JAXP DOM............................................................................................................ 482
JAXP XSLT............................................................................................................. 483
Java XML.......................................................................... 484
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JSON........................................................................................... 490
JSON........................................................................................... 492
JSON-P................................................................................................................... 493
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JSON........................................................................................................... 493
JSON................................................................................................... 494
JSON........................................................................................................... 495
JSON...................................................................................................... 497
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CreditCard.................................................................................. 499
CreditCardXMLTest........................................................................ 499
CreditCardJSonTest....................................................................... 500
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13. .................................................................................... 502
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-............................................................................................. 505
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, ............................................................... 506
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.................................................................. 507
JMS 2.0............................................................................................... 508
EJB 3.2................................................................................................ 508
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Java Messaging Service API............................................................................................ 509
API.................................................................................................... 510
ConnectionFactory................................................................................................... 510
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API.................................. 514
API..................................................................................................... 516
JMSContext............................................................................................................. 517
JMSProducer........................................................................................................... 519
JMSConsumer......................................................................................................... 519
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CDI................................ 522
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, ................................................... 529
MDB....................................................................................................... 530
@MessageDriven..................................................................................................... 531
@ActivationConfigProperty........................................................................................ 532
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MDB......................................................................................................... 533
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MDB .............................................................................................. 535
MDB ....................................................................... 535
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OrderDTO................................................................................... 538
OrderProducer............................................................................ 539
OrderConsumer...................................................................................... 540
ExpensiveOrderMDB................................................................... 540
Maven.............................................................. 541
.................................................................. 542
MDB GlassFish............................................................................ 543
............................................................................................. 543
......................................................................................................................... 544
14. - SOAP......................................................................................... 545
- SOAP...................................................................... 546
XML......................................................................................................................... 547
WSDL...................................................................................................................... 547
SOAP...................................................................................................................... 550
UDDI....................................................................................................................... 551
.......................................................................................... 552
- SOAP.......................................................................... 552
- SOAP................................................... 552
, - SOAP................................................... 553
JAX-WS 2.2a............................................................................................................ 554
Web Services1.3...................................................................................................... 554
WS-Metadata 2.3..................................................................................................... 555
- SOAP.......................................................... 555
............................................................................................. 555
- SOAP............................................................................................ 555
- SOAP................................................................................... 557
- SOAP............................................................................ 558
WSDL........................................................................................... 558
@WebService........................................................................................................... 559
@WebMethod.......................................................................................................... 560
@WebResult............................................................................................................ 561
@WebParam............................................................................................................ 562
@OneWay................................................................................................................ 562
@SoapBinding......................................................................................................... 562
....................................................................... 564
........................................................................................... 567
........................................................ 570
WebServiceContext.................................................................................................. 570
.................................................................................... 571
................................................................................................................. 572
- SOAP.................................................................................. 572
- SOAP................................................................................................. 573
SOAP.................................................................................. 574
............................................................................................... 574
.................................................................................. 575
CDI............................................................................................. 576
.................................................................................................................... 577
14
CreditCard.................................................................................. 577
- SOAP CardValidator............................................................. 579
CardValidatorTest....................................................... 579
CardValidatorIT.................................................. 580
, Maven....................................... 581
GlassFish.................................................................................... 583
WebServiceConsumer................................................................. 584
Maven........................... 585
WebServiceConsumer....................................................................... 588
......................................................................................................................... 588
15. - REST............................................................................. 589
- RESTful..................................................................................... 590
................................................................................... 590
URI......................................................................................................... 590
....................................................................................................... 592
......................................................................................................... 592
............................................................................................................... 593
.................................................................................... 594
.......................................................................... 594
HTTP....................................................................................................................... 595
-........................................................................................... 602
WADL...................................................................................................................... 602
- ...................... 603
REST............................................................................................. 603
API Java - ............................... 604
JAX-RS2.0.......................................................................................... 604
.......................................................................................... 605
- ....................................... 605
- ............................... 606
CRUD - REST................................ 606
URI URI ........................................................................ 608
......................................................................................... 609
...................................................... 611
............................................................................................... 613
HTTP-................................................................................ 615
....................................................................................... 617
............................................................................................... 619
........................................................................................... 621
...................................................................... 623
................................................................................................................. 623
- REST...................................................................................... 624
API....................................................................................................... 624
REST.................................................................................. 627
.................................................................................................................... 628
Book...................................................................................... 628
JAXB- Books........................................................................ 629
BookRestService........................................................................ 630
JAX-RS..................................................................................... 634
Maven.............................................................. 635
GlassFish...................................................................................... 637
WADL...................................................................................................................... 637
BookRestServiceIT............................................. 638
......................................................................................................................... 639

Java EE7 . API Java , (CDI)

. Java EE7 , WebSocket, JSON,
Batch Concurrency, . , .
Java EE7.
Java
( Enterprise JavaBeans3.2).
, . Java Community Process (JCP),
.
Java; , JavaEE .
Devoxx France. ,
Java EE5 ,
Java EE6 GlassFish3
(Beginning Java EE 6 Platform with GlassFish 3). .
, . GlassFish,
, Java EE7.
GitHub. ,
, .
,
Java EE GlassFish

. Java-
1990-,
,
Java EE. BEA, ,
WebLogic, JBoss , , GlassFish.

(OSSGTP).
Java, Devoxx France.
Java EE5 2007.
JCP,
Java (Java EE6, JPA 2.0 EJB3.1), Java
EE6 (Beginning JavaEE6) Apress. JCP,
2010 Java EE7 EJB3.2.

Java EE , JavaOne, Devoxx, GeeCon,
The Server Side Symposium, Jazoon, Java.
IT-
(DevX) (Programmez, Linux Magazine). C2009
Java- Les Cast Codeurs.
Java- Java-.
( ), (
- )
- (
).
(@agoncal)
(www.antoniogoncalves.org).

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PCIQSA
IT-
IBM ,
IT-, . IBM (FIDTL). IT-:
ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library),
Open Group Master Certified IT Architect Payment
Card Industry (PCI) Qualified Security Assessor (QSA).
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19 , IT-,
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( ).

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SAML Proxy areas).
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Java EE. ,
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Java, Java, Mac- ,
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Visual Paradigm JetBrains .
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Java: , , , , , , ,
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Java Enterprise Edition 1990-
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J2EE, ,
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, - , EJB , , . Enterprise Java Beans , Java
EE7. , , Java EE, ,
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,
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, JPA, CDI, (Bean Validation),
EJB, JSF, JMS, SOAP - - (RESTful). Java
EE. , Java EE7
(GlassFish, EclipseLink, Weld, Hibernate Validator, Mojarra, OpenMQ, Metro Jersey)
.
,
. Java EE7
30
(CDI 1.1, Bean Validation 1.1, EJB 3.2, JPA 2.1), - (Servlet 3.1, JSF 2.2,
Expression Language 3.0) (JAX-WS 2.3 JAX-RS 2.0).
Java EE7 JDK1.7 ,
GlassFish, Derby, JUnit Maven.
UML-, Java- .
20

Java EE7 .
.
1 Java EE7,
. 2 (Context Dependency
Injection 1.1), 3 (Bean Validation 1.1).
46 JPA 2.1.
4 5 -
( , ), 6 , , , .
- Java EE7 EJB. 79 .
7 - EJB
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. 9
, JTA EJB, CDI-.
10 11 ,
JSF 2.2. 10
21

- JSF Facelets.
11 EJB CDI-, .
,
. 12 , XML (
JAXB JAXP) JSON (JSON-P1.0). 13 , JMS2.0 , . 14 - SOAP,
15 - RESTful JAX-RS 2.0.

, ,
Maven3 Java- JDK1.7 . GlassFish 4,
Derby. , , ,
. Mac OS X (
Windows Linux). Source Code Apress (www.apress.com).
GitHub https://github.com/agoncal/agoncal-book-Java EE7.

,
antonio.goncalves@gmail.com.
www.antoniogoncalves.org : @agoncal.

, vinitski@minsk.piter.com ( , ).
!
http://www.piter.com
.
1.
Java EE7
.
, , , ,
.
, ,
, ,
, .
, , - ,
- , .

(EIS),
, .
,
,
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. Java Enterprise Edition (Java EE).
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SOAP RESTful. Java EE ,
. Java EE , , .
Java EE.
, ,
Java EE7.
Java EE
- , -; API -
23
Java EE
( ). ,
- , , , API-,
Java EE. Java Standard Edition (JavaSE)
API , Java EE Java API (JTA),
Java (JMS) JPA. Java EE
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Java EE7 .
Java EE6, ,
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Java Community Process (JCP). Java EE ,
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SE, , API- Java SE
Java EE.
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EJB RMI-IIOP.
24
1. Java EE7
.1.1. Java EE
Java EE ,
.

(GUI), . Swing API .
, .
,
(GUI) .
.
- ( , -,
JSP JSF) - HTTP
-. -
SOAP RESTful. - EJBLite
( .7).
( Enterprise Java
Beans, Java Message Service, Java API
, , , RMI-IIOP)
25
Java EE
EJB. EJB
-.
, RMI ( HTTP -
SOAP RESTful).
Java EE , (..1.1). ,
API (, , , ,
).
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- -.
EJB- EJB
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, , , ,
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26
1. Java EE7
,
. -, , . .1.2 ,
. , - EJB-
,
. Java EE .
Java API
, .
.
Java (ORM).
JPQL , .
.
Java
. (P2P),
- (pub-sub).
Java- (JNDI) , Java SE,
. , () . , JMS, EJB
. JNDI,
1.4 J2EE, .
JavaMail ,
.
JavaBeans (JAF) JAF, JavaSE,
MIME-. JavaMail.
XML Java EE
XML,
XML-. Java
XML (JAXP)
SAX DOM, XSLT.
JSON ( JavaScript) Java
EE7 Java- JSON (JSON-P)
27
Java EE
, ,
JSON.
Java EE
(EIS) Java EE.
,
(ERP).

Java (JAAS)
, . Java (JACC)
Java EE , , ,
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Java (JASPIC) ,
.
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- Java EE - SOAP RESTful.
Java - XML (JAX-WS), Java XML (JAX-RPC),
-, SOAP/HTTP. Java
- RESTful (JAX-RS) -,
REST.
Java EE5,
. , JMS, ,
EJB .. , Java EE7
(CDI),
Java (DI).
Java EE
API . Java (JMXAPI) .
Java EE Java
EE .

.1.2, , , . , ,
-, HTTP, - EJB, EJB-.
, Java EE.
28
1. Java EE7
.1.2. ,
HTTP -, . JavaSE API java.net. API

HTTP , JSP-,
JSF, - SOAP RESTful.
HTTPS HTTP
SSL.
RMI-IIOP (RMI)
. JavaSE RMI-
Java (JMRP). RMI-IIOP RMI, CORBA. Java- (IDL)
Java EE CORBA IIOP. CORBA
(Ada, C, C++, Cobol ..), Java.

. JavaSE
29
Java EE
Java ( JAR), (Java, , )
( ZIP). .1.3, Java EE
, ,
JAR.
.1.3.
Java-
, JAR. JavaSE
. ,
JAR- META-INF -,
. META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
, .
META-INF/application-client.xml.
30
1. Java EE7
EJB - / ,
(MDB), JAR (
JAR- EJB).
META-INF/ejb-jar.xml EJB.
- , JSP JSF, -,
, ( HTML
XHTML, (CSS), Java-, ,
..). Java EE6 - EJB Lite ( EJBAPI, 7).
JAR WAR (
WAR -). - WEB-INF/web.xml. WAR EJBLite, WEB-INF/ejb-jar.xml
. Java- .class WEB-INF/classes, JAR- WEB-INF/lib.
-,
EJB, . ( JAR .ear) ,
.
META-INF/application.xml. lib
.

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( ), , (
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,
, Java-, , , , .
Java EE5,
. (Java-, ,
, ). 1.1 Java- (POJO),

( EJB,
).
1.1. EJB
@Stateless
@Remote(ItemRemote.class)
@Local(ItemLocal.class)
31
Java EE
@LocalBean
public class ItemEJB implements ItemLocal, ItemRemote {
@PersistenceContext(unitName = "chapter01PU")
private EntityManager em;
public Book findBookById(Long id) {
return em.find(Book.class, id);
}
}
. (DD) XML-
, . 1.2 EJB.
Java EE 7,
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
.
1.2. EJB
<ejb-jar xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/ejb-jar_3_2.xsd"
version="3.2" >
<enterprise-beans>
<session>
<ejb-name>ItemEJB</ejb-name>
<remote>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemRemote</remote>
<local>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemLocal</local>
<local-bean/>
<ejb-class>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemEJB</ejb-class>
<session-type>Stateless</session-type>
<transaction-type>Container</transaction-type>
</session>
</enterprise-beans>
</ejb-jar>
, META-INF
WEB-INF. .1.1 Java EE ( ).
1.1. Java EE0
application.xml
Java EE
META-INF
application-client.xml
Java EE
META-INF
beans.xml
CDI
META-INF WEB-INF

32
1. Java EE7
1.1 ()
ra.xml
JCA
META-INF
ejb-jar.xml
EJB
META-INF WEB-INF
faces-config.xml
JSF
WEB-INF
persistence.xml
JPA
META-INF
validation.xml
META-INF WEB-INF
web.xml
WEB-INF
web-fragment.xml
WEB-INF
webservices.xml
- SOAP
META-INF WEB-INF
Java EE5, ,
. .
, ,
. , , . ,
XML-,
.
,
( XML ).

Java- , . (Java + XML) (Java).
, (,
) .
Java EE ( ),
( , ).
, XML .
Java EE . , Java EE
, Java Community Process,
. Java EE
( Java),
. , ,
Java- (Struts, Spring ..).
33
Java EE
,
. , , , , , , , , , , .
Java, , , , . ,
. - , ,
. Java EE ,
(WebLogic, Websphere, MQSeries .)
(GlassFish, Jboss, Hibernate, Open JPA, Jersey ..) , , , ..
.
JCP
Java Communication Process , 1998 Sun Microsystems. JCP Java.
, ( ) Java (JSR) . , ,
, ,
(JSR) :
,
Java (JSR);
(RI), ;
( , TCK), ,
.
(EC) Java- .
Java EE
. , .
34
1. Java EE7
,
. , JNDI. EJB GlassFish, Jboss WebLogic
JNDI, .
. Java EE,
JNDI.
, . API
(), Java EE
, .

Java EE7 . POJO (
XML), . POJO . ,
.
Java EE7 , JSF, EJB, , - SOAP REST XML. 1.3
JSF, Java-
CDI-.
1.3. JSF
@Named
public class BookController {
@Inject
private BookEJB bookEJB;
private Book book = new Book();
private List<Book> bookList = new ArrayList<Book>();
public String doCreateBook() {
book = bookEJB.createBook(book)
bookList = bookEJB.findBooks();
return "listBooks.xhtml";
}
// ,
}
EJB . 1.4,
EJB ,
. EJB WAR JAR.
EJB ,
-.
35
Java Standard Edition7
1.4. EJB
@Stateless
public class BookEJB {
@Inject
}
public Book createBook(Book book) {
em.persist(book);
return book;
}
}
- RESTful .
JAX-RS Java EE7
. 1.5, - RESTful
Java-, HTTP (
15).
1.5. - RESTful ( )
@Path("books")
public class BookResource {
@Inject
@GET
@Produces({"application/xml", "application/json"})
public List<Book> getAllBooks() {
Query query = em.createNamedQuery("findAllBooks");
List<Book> books = query.getResultList();
return books;
}
}
,
-, ( XML). ,
.

, Java EE JavaSE. ,
Java EE Java, API.
JavaSE7 2011.
JSR336
,
. , JavaSE5 , ,
( ), .. JavaSE6 , , JMX API,
36
1. Java EE7
Java. JavaSE7
JSR334 ( Project
Coin), JSR292 (InvokeDynamic
Java), JSR203 ( API /, NIO.2), (JDBC4.1 (JSR221)).
JavaSE7, ,
, .

JavaSE7
( byte, short, int, long, char) .
- Strcompare.
, if/then/else,
.
, 1.6.
1.6.
Stringaction = "update";
switch (action) {
case "create":
create();
break;
case "read":
read();
break;
case "udpate":
udpate();
break;
case "delete":
delete();
break;
default:
noCrudAction(action);
}

JavaSE5, . JavaSE7 , .
. 1.7 , .
1.7.
//
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
Map<Reference<Object>, Map<Integer, List<String>>> map =
37
new HashMap<Reference<Object>, Map<Integer, List<String>>>();
// C
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
Map<Reference<Object>, Map<Integer, List<String>>> map = new HashMap<>();
try-with-resources
Java API ,
close finally. , , ,
JDBC. 1.8 ,
finally ,
- .
1.8. / Finally
try {
InputStream input = new FileInputStream(in.txt);
try {
OutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(out.txt);
try {
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len;
while ((len = input.read(buf)) >= 0)
output.write(buf, 0, len);
} finally {
output.close();
}
} finally {
input.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStrackTrace();
}
try-with-resources , . try
. , 1.9, , java.lang.AutoCloseable.
(InputStream, OutputStream, JarFile, Reader,
Writer, Socket, ZipFile) (java.sql.ResultSet).
1.9. / .
try-with-resources
try (InputStream input = new FileInputStream(in.txt);

OutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(out.txt)) {
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len;
while ((len = input.read(buf)) >= 0)
output.write(buf, 0, len);
38
1. Java EE7
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStrackTrace();
}
Multicatch-
JavaSE6
. , . 1.10, .
1.10.
try {
// -
} catch(SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch(IOException e) {
} catch(ParserConfigurationException e) {
}
, JavaSE7 , , , 1.11.
1.11. Multicatch-
try {
// -
} catch( SAXException | IOException | ParserConfigurationException e) {
}
NIO.2
, Java-, , JavaSE7: /
java.nio. , , java.io, :
;
( , ..);
FileSystem FileStore (,
);
(/ , /
, , ..).
1.12 java.nio.file.Path (
),
39
Java EE
java.nio.file.Files ( -
). JavaSE7 NIO.2,
java.io . 1.12
source.txt, dest.txt, .
1.12. /
Path path = Paths.get("source.txt");

boolean exists = Files.exists(path);
boolean isDirectory = Files.isDirectory(path);
boolean isExecutable = Files.isExecutable(path);
boolean isHidden = Files.isHidden(path);
boolean isReadable = Files.isReadable(path);
boolean isRegularFile = Files.isRegularFile(path);
boolean isWritable = Files.isWritable(path);
long size = Files.size(path);
//
Files.copy(Paths.get("source.txt"), Paths.get("dest.txt"));
//
List<String> lines = Files.readAllLines(Paths.get("source.txt"), UTF_8);
for (String line : lines) {
System.out.println(line);
}
//
Files.delete(path);
Java EE
Java EE ,
. Java EE7 31,
API.
API, Java EE7
, , POJO,
- .
Java EE
.1.4 14- Java EE. JavaEE J2EE. J2EE 1.2 Sun 1999 ,
JSR. CORBA, J2EE .
Enterprise Java Beans (EJB)
,
(- EJB). , RMI-IIOP (
40
1. Java EE7
ORB ). -
JSP, Java (JMS).
.1.4. J2/Java EE
J2EE 1.3, Java

Community Process (JCP) JSR58. , EJB
XML (
EJB1.0). ,

. . JCA (J2EE
Connector Architecture), Java EE (EIS).

CORBA 1988 , ( : Tuxedo CICS). EJB J2EE, ,
. J2EE CORBA ,
41
Java EE
, -
SOAP REST. CORBA.
2003 J2EE1.4 ( JSR151) 20 -. EJB2.1

- EJB SOAP/HTTP. .
.
J2EE , . , , ,
. J2EE , , .
Struts, Spring Hibernate,
.
, 2006 JavaEE5
( JSR244). ,
POJO.
, XML .
, EJB3 JPA , . JavaServer Faces (JSF), API SOAP- JAX-WS 2.0, JAX-RPC.
2009 JavaEE6 ( JSR 316), . , POJO, , -.
, JAX-RS1.1, 1.0, (CDI 1.0).
API (, EJB3.1) , , ,
(JPA2.0 EJB).
Java EE6 (, JNDI), ( ) .
Java EE7 ( ,
-, JSON), . Java EE7
, (CDI) .
, ,
Java Enterprise Edition.
Java EE 1999, (..1.4). . ,
42
1. Java EE7
, . . ,
Java EE. , , ,
, . Java EE6
, Java EE7
.
- EJB2.xCMP ( JSR 318).
, EJB2., JPA.
JAX-RPC ( JSR101). - SOAP
(RPC). JAX-WS.
JAXR ( JSR93). JAXR , UDDI.
, JAXR Java EE
JSR.
JavaEE ( JSR88). JSR88 ,

. , Java EE7
.
Java EE7
Java EE7 JSR342
31. ,
Java EE7, .
.1.21.6, ,
JSR.
1.2. Java Enterprise Edition
JSR
URL
Java EE
7.0
342
http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=342
Web Profile (-)
7.0
342
Managed Beans ( 1.0

)
316
- (..1.3) SOAP ,
(. 14).
- REST
-. JAX-RS 2.0
43
Java EE
, , API (. 15).
JavaScript (JSON-P)
Java XML (JAXP), XML
JSON (.12).
1.3. -
JSR
URL
JAX-WS
2.2a
224
JAXB
2.2
222
Web Services (-)
1.3
109
Web Services Metadata (- 2.1

-)
181
JAX-RS
2.0
339
JSON-P
1.0
353
- (..1.4) JSP JSTL, .

JSP- , (JSR341). JSF
(.10 11) . , Java EE7 WebSocket1.0.
1.4. -1
JSR
URL
JSF
2.2
344
JSP
2.3
245
Debugging Support for Other

Languages ( )
1.0
45
JSTL1
1.2
52
Servlet ()
3.1
340
WebSocket (-)
1.0
356
Expression Language (
)
3.0
341
(..1.5)
: JMS 2.0 (.13) JTA1.2 (.9),
. ,
EJB (.7 8), JPA (.46) (.2)
.
1
JSTL (JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library) JavaServer.
44
1. Java EE7
1.5.
JSR
URL
EJB
3.2
345
Interceptors ()
1.2
318
JavaMail
1.5
919
JCA
1.7
322
JMS
2.0
343
JPA
2.1
338
JTA
1.2
907
Java EE7 (..1.6),

( JSR 352) Java EE ( JSR 236).
1.1 (.3), CDI1.1 (.2) JMS 2.0 (.13).
1.6. ,
JSR
URL
JACC
1.4
115
Bean Validation (
)
1.1
349
Contexts and Dependency

Injection ( )
1.1
346
Dependency Injection for Java

(
Java)
1.0
330
Batch ( )
1.0
352
Concurrency Utilities for Java

EE (
Java EE)
1.0
236
Java EE Management ( Java EE)
1.1
77
Java Authentication Service

Provider Interface for
Containers ( Java )
1.0
196
Java EE7 31 ,
Java SE7. .1.7 ,
Java SE, Java EE.
45
Java EE
1.7. JavaSE 7
JSR
URL
Common Annotations
( )
1.2
250
JDBC
4.1
221
JNDI
1.2
JAXP
1.3
206
StAX
1.0
173
JAAS
1.0
JMX
1.2
JAXB
2.2
222
JAF
1.1
925
SAAJ
1.3
http://java.net/projects/saaj
-7
Java EE6. .
, Java EE7, ,
, API
31. Java EE ,
.
. .1.5,
,
.
.1.5. Java EE
Java EE7 , -.
-
46
1. Java EE7
. - 7.0 JSR
Java EE7.
. .1.8 , -.
1.8. - 7.0
JSR
URL
JSF
2.2
344
JSP
2.3
245
JSTL
1.2
52
Servlet
3.1
340
WebSocket
1.0
356
Expression Language
3.0
341
EJBLite
3.2
345
JPA
2.1
338
JTA
1.2
907
Bean Validation
1.1
349
Managed Beans
1.0
316
Interceptors
1.2
318
Contexts and Dependency

Injection
1.1
346
Dependency Injection
for Java
1.0
330
Debugging Support for Other

Languages
1.0
45
JAX-RS
2.0
339
JSON-P
1.0
353
CD-BookStore
, , , EJB, JSF, JMS,
- SOAP RESTful. CD-BookStore.
, -, .
( ),
, .

. .1.6
.
47
.1.6. CD-BookStore
, , :
, ,
.
;
,
-. - , , ;
, ,
;
, .

Git
https://github.com/agoncal/agoncal-book-javaee7.
Java- , , ,
48
1. Java EE7
,
JavaEE. , ,
,
. Java EE7 ,
-. ( , EJBLite),
( EJB
-). ,

JNDI,
.
Java EE7.
Java EE7. . , ,
: JDK1.7, Maven3, Junit4, Derby 10.8 Glassfishv4.
2.

Java EE ( J2EE)
(IoC), - ( ).
,
. , Java EE, .
XML, API Java EE5 Java EE6.
Java EE6 (Context and
Dependency Injection CDI) , , . CDI EJB .
Java EE , . CDI . , ,
. , . CDI
- .
,
, ,
CDI.

JavaSE JavaBeans, Java EE Enterprise JavaBeans.
JavaEE : , - SOAP
RESTful, , , .
POJO. POJO Java-,
Java (JVM). JavaBeans POJO, (, (/) , )
JVM. JavaEE
50
2.
: , Enterprise JavaBean
, , ..
(, EJB), : , , ,
.. .
,
: ,
. JavaEE6,
,
JavaEE. , JavaEE. , Enterprise JavaBean
.

( EJB) ..
CDI,
.
; ;
, ; ; (EL). ,
Java,
, . JavaBeans Enterprise
JavaBeans CDI.

(DI) ,
. ,
.
.
, JavaEE, JNDI. ,
.
: ( ),
( ).
Java EE 1990-, EJB, JMS.
JNDI , ,
JDBC DataSource, JMS- .
EJB-
(, , ). , .
Java EE5 .
, EJB,
51

, , JMS , (, JSF EJB).
Java EE5 (@Resource, @PersistenceContext,
@PersistenceUnit, @EJB @WebServiceRef).
Java EE5 , Java EE6

(DI): Dependency Injection ( JSR330) Contexts and Dependency Injection
( JSR299). Java EE7 : .

POJO : , Java-,
, new, , (Garbage
Collector) .
CDI ,
new. , . ,
: ,
. , ,
?
.
2.1 (, CDI). , (EJB,
CDI -) ( new). @PostConstruct - .
@PreDestroy ,
.
.2.1.
52
2.
, Java EE , .2.1.

CDI .
, .
CDI , , . ,
HTTP.
. , . , .
, (,
), (), , , . ( , ), ,
. (, ),
, . ( ).
. .
- . - ().
, ( ) -.
, .
(
, ,
..) -. : ,
$10000, ,
, .. AOP .
AOP, -. ,
. .2.2, / .
53

.2.2. , -
2.2 ,
. , EJB-
.
, -. ,
EJB,
( , ,
..).

-.

. .
, . CDI
.
-. ,
, CDI.
. CDI
, , . CDI
(, ,
). XML
, .

Java EE XML. , , (, -) .
CDI beans.xml
. (, , ..),
CDI. , CDI ( ).
54
2.
: ,
CDI POJO CDI. CDI JAR- WAR- ,
beans.xml,
POJO, CDI. beans.xml
( META-INF WEB-INF) CDI
, , .. CDI
. - JAR CDI ,
JAR beans.xml CDI .
CDI
CDI Java EE.
(Bean Validation, JAX-RS),
(EJB), (JSF).
CDI 1.1 , : Dependency Injection for Java 1.0 ( JSR 330), Managed Bean 1.0 (
JSR 342), Common Annotations 1.2 ( JSR 250), Expression Language 3.0
( JSR 341) Interceptors 1.2 ( JSR 318).
CDI
2006 ( Seam),
Seam, Guise Spring, JSR 299,
Web Beans (-).
Java EE6, Context and Dependency Injection 1.0.
JSR 330: Dependency Injection for Java 1.0
( @Inject).
Java EE . Java
(@Inject, @Named, @Qualifier, @Scope @Singleton), . CDI JSR 330
, , , ( JSR 318). , CDI
, . CDI , :
;
- ;
;
.
, Java EE7, CDI 1.1
JSR, .
55
CDI
CDI 1.1
CDI 1.1 .
CDI , , ,
Java EE.
, CDI 1.1:
CDI CDI
;
, (@Prio
rity) ;
@Vetoed CDI
;
@New CDI 1.1 ,
@Dependent;
@WithAnnotations ,
.
.2.1 , CDI.
CDI javax.enterprise.inject javax.decorator.
2.1. , CDI
javax.inject
Java API ( JSR 330)
javax.enterprise.inject
API
javax.enterprise.context
CDI API
javax.enterprise.event
CDI API
javax.enterprise.util
CDI
javax.interceptor
API ( JSR 318)
javax.decorator
API CDI

CDI Weld, JBoss. , Apache OpenWebBeans CanDi ( Caucho).
Apache DeltaSpike, CDI.
CDI
CDI , -.
Java- (EL) JSF. 2.1,
56
2.
POJO, , (@Inject)
, (@PostConstruct). , , ( @Transactional
).
2.1. BookService, ,

public class BookService {

@Inject
private NumberGenerator numberGenerator;
@Inject
private Date instanciationDate;
@PostConstruct
private void initDate() {
instanciationDate = new Date();
}
@Transactional
public Book createBook(String title, Float price, String description) {
Book book = new Book(title, price, description);
book.setIsbn(numberGenerator.generateNumber());
book.setInstanciationDate(instanciationDate);
em.persist(book);
return book;
}
}
CDI
CDI 1.1
CDI , :
;
, @Decorator;
@Inject.
, EL (EL ), .

Java - . , . Book
H2G2, Customer , PurchaseOrder ,
. : , . - .
57
CDI
, (BookService) Book ,
(NumberGenerator ), .
NumberGenerator ISBN 13 ISBN
, ISSN. BookService IsbnGenerator IssnGenerator.
.
2.3 NumberGenerator,
(String generateNumber()) Isbn
Generator IssnGenerator. Bookservice .
.2.3. NumberGenerator
BookService ISBN- NumberGenerator?

new,
2.2.
2.2. POJO- BookService,
new

public BookService() {
this.numberGenerator = new IsbnGenerator();
}
return book;
}
}
2.2 .
BookService IsbnGenerator,
numberGenerator. numberGenerator.generateNumber() -
13.
, ,
IsbnGenerator?
58
2.
, (2.3).
2.3. POJO BookService,

public BookService(NumberGenerator numberGenerator) {
this.numberGenerator = numberGenerator;
}
return book;
}
}
, BookService
.
BookService bookService = new BookService(new IsbnGenerator())
BookService bookService = new BookService(new IssnGenerator())
:
( ) BookService NumberGenerator,
. , .
(
),
( ).
(, CDI).
@Inject
Java EE ,
. . , CDI
, XML
.
Java EE5 , @Resource,
@PersistentUnit EJB. ( , EJB) (, EJB,
JSF ..). CDI
@Inject. , Java
EE7 (@Resource),
@Inject , (. CDI ).
2.4 , BookService NumberGenerator
CDI.
59
CDI
2.4. BookService, @Inject
NumberGenerator

@Inject
return book;
}
}
2.4, @Inject
, NumberGenerator,
NumberGenerator. (, @Inject ). 2.5
IsbnGenerator. , ,
NumberGenerator.
2.5. IsbnGenerator
public class IsbnGenerator implements NumberGenerator {

public String generateNumber() {
return "13-84356-" + Math.abs(new Random().nextInt());
}
}

,
@Inject. : , .
@Inject
():
@Inject
,
, . CDI
( ), .
@Inject , :
@Inject
public BookService (NumberGenerator numberGenerator) {
}
, . ( ) ,
. ,
60
2.
, .
,
. @Inject:
@Inject
public void setNumberGenerator(NumberGenerator numberGenerator) {
}
,
. ,
. ,
.

, NumberGenerator (IsbnGenearator).
CDI ,
@Inject:
@Inject
. ,
,
@javax.enterprise.inject.Default.
:
@Inject @Default
@Default , CDI, .
, @Default. , 2.6 2.5.
2.6. IsbnGenerator @Default
@Default
}
}
, , @Inject. .2.4 @Default

(IsbnGenerator), (@Inject @Default). . , .
61
CDI
.2.4. @Default
,
. , NumberGenerator .
,
@Default (..2.4). ,
. , , .
, , (IsbnGenrator IssnGenerator)
? XML-. CDI :
Java,
.
, BookService,
ISBN, LegacyBookService, ISSN. .2.5,
NumberGenerator. .
.2.5. ,
62
2.
, . ,
, , @javax.in
ject.Qualifer. ,
- . 2.7 2.8.
2.7.
@Qualifier
@Retention(RUNTIME)
@Target({FIELD, TYPE, METHOD})
public @interface ThirteenDigits { }
2.8.
@Qualifier
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface EightDigits { }
,
. 2.9 2.10, @ThirteenDigits IsbnGenerator, a @EightDigits
IssnGenerator.
2.9. IsbnGenerator @ThirteenDigits
@ThirteenDigits
}
}
2.10. IssnGenerator @EightDigits
@EightDigits
public class IssnGenerator implements NumberGenerator {
return "8-" + Math.abs(new Random().nextInt());
}
}
, ,
. 2.11 BookService

@ThirteenDigits, 2.12 LegacyBookService .
2.11. BookService, @ThirteenDigits NumberGenerator

@Inject @ThirteenDigits
63
CDI
return book;
}
}
2.12. LegacyBookService, @EightDigits
NumberGenerator
public class LegacyBookService {

@Inject @EightDigits
return book;
}
}
, .
, CDI . (
). , CDI .
, - ,
. , .
, . ,
, ( ).
,
, (, @TwoDigits, @EightDigits,
@TenDigits, @ThirteenDigits). ,
, . :
@TwoOddDigits, @TwoEvenDigits, @EightOddDigits .. .

@NumberOfDigits
(2.13).
2.13. @NumberOfDigits DigitsEnum
@Qualifier
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface NumberOfDigits {
Digits value();
boolean odd();
}
public enum Digits {
TWO,
64
2.
EIGHT,
TEN,
THIRTEEN
}
,
. , :
@Inject @NumberOfDigits(value = Digits.THIRTEEN, odd = false)
:
@NumberOfDigits(value = Digits.THIRTEEN, odd = false)
public class IsbnEvenGenerator implements NumberGenerator {...}
.
. , (@TwoOddDigits, @TwoEvenDigits) , (@NumberOfDigits),
: (@Odd @Even), . , 13 :
@ThirteenDigits @Even
public class IsbnEvenGenerator implements NumberGenerator {...}
:
@Inject @ThirteenDigits @Even
,
. . , .
. , . , .
, javax.enterprise.inject.Alternative. ,
,
beans.xml. 2.14
.
2.14.
@Alternative
public class MockGenerator implements NumberGenerator {
65
CDI
return "MOCK";
}
}
2.14, MockGenerator, ,
NumberGenerator. @Alternative, ,
CDI NumberGenerator . 2.6,
@Default :
@Alternative @Default
public class MockGenerator implements NumberGenerator {...}
. , CDI, :
@Alternative @ThirteenDigits
public class MockGenerator implements NumberGenerator {...}
@Alternative , beans.xml, 2.15.

2.15. beans.xml
<beans xmlns=" http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:xsi=" http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/beans_1_1.xsd"
version="1.1" bean-discovery-mode="all">
<alternatives>
<class>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter02.MockGenerator</class>
</alternatives>
</beans>
, . , .
. ,
MockGenerator, 2.14, .
@Inject
beans.xml, , (, ,
..).

, CDI . ( int, long, float ..),
POJO, CDI. CDI
, , beans.xml.
66
2.
, java.util.Date ja
va.lang.String. , rt.jar
( Java), beans.xml. META-INF beans.xml, CDI POJO , , . POJO
, 2.16.
2.16.
public class NumberProducer {

@Produces @ThirteenDigits
private String prefix13digits = "13-";
@Produces @ThirteenDigits
private int editorNumber = 84356;
@Produces @Random
public double random() {
return Math.abs(new Random().nextInt());
}
}
NumberProducer 2.16 (
javax.enterprise.inject.Produces). ,
@Inject (@ThirteenDigits, @EightDigits @Random).
(random() 2.16) ,
. . (, @Random),
EL-, .
(prefix13digits editorNumber)
, -. , .
2.9 IsbnGenerator ISBN "13-84356-" +
Math.abs(newRandom().nextInt()). NumberProducer (. 2.16)
. 2.17 IsbnGenerator ,
@Inject @ThirteenDigits, ("13-") (84356) ISBN.
@Inject @Random .
2.17. IsbnGenerator,
@ThirteenDigits
private String prefix;
private int editorNumber;
@Inject @Random
67
CDI
private double postfix;
returnprefix + editorNumber + postfix;
}
}
2.17 .
(@Inject @ThirteenDigits) CDI ,
, NumberGenerator.
(.2.17) (.2.9) ,
CDI, ( ISBN).
InjectionPoint API. 2.16 , @Produces, ,
.
. .
, . JDK java.util.logging.Logger ,
. , BookService ,
:
Logger log = Logger.getLogger(BookService.class.getName());
Logger, ? CDI InjectionPoint API, ,

(.2.2). ,
, InjectionPoint API
. 2.18 ,
createLogger .
2.2. InjectionPoint API
Type getType()
Set<Annotation>
getQualifiers()
Bean<?> getBean()
Bean, ,

Member getMember()
Field
Annotated
getAnnotated()
Annotated Field AnnotatedParameter ,

/
boolean isDelegate()
boolean isTransient()
68
2.
2.18.
public class LoggingProducer {

@Produces
private Logger createLogger(InjectionPoint injectionPoint) {
return Logger.getLogger(injectionPoint.getMember().getDeclaringClass().
getName());
}
}
, . :
@Inject Logger log;
(.2.17 2.18) POJO ,

. , , ,
. , , Java Database Connectivity (JDBC), JMS
. CDI , .
, .
2.19 , JDBC. createConnection Derby JDBC,
URL, JDBC. @Disposes.
2.19. JDBC
public class JDBCConnectionProducer {

@Produces
private Connection createConnection() {
Connection conn = null;
try {
Class.forName("org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver").newInstance();
conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:derby:memory:chapter02DB",
"APP", "APP");
} catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException |
ClassNotFoundException) {
}
return conn;
}
private void closeConnection(@Disposes Connection conn) throws SQLException
{
69
CDI
conn.close();
}
}
, , .
, @Disposes,
( java.sql.Connection) (@Default),
(
@Produces). (closeConnection())
(2.20 @ApplicationScoped),
, .
2.20. JDBS
@ApplicationScoped
public class DerbyPingService {
@Inject
private Connection conn;
public void ping() throws SQLException {
conn.createStatement().executeQuery("SELECT 1 FROM SYSIBM.SYSDUMMY1");
}
}
2.20 , JDBC
@Inject
Derby. ,
JDBC .

.

CDI , ( CDI ). , CDI,
, . Java POJO :
, new, , .
CDI
, . .
- (, , ), (. 7
- EJB ). ,
- POJO -, . CDI - .
,
.
70
2.
(@ApplicationScoped)
.
, . ,
, .
,
.
(@SessionScoped) HTTP . HTTP , .
, , .
(@RequestScoped)
HTTP- .
. JSF, HTTP-.
(@ConverationScoped) ,
.
.
(@Dependent) .
,
. CDI.
, , CDI (
javax.enterprise.context). . , ,
, , (, ),
.
@SessionScoped
public class ShoppingCart implements Serializable {...}
ShoppingCart , .
, ,
,
, . ,
@SessionScoped @ConversationScoped
, .
71
CDI
, (@Dependent).

.
, . ,
, , , .
ISBN- :
@Dependent @ThirteenDigits
public class IsbnGenerator implements NumberGenerator {...}
, @Dependent :
@ThirteenDigits
public class IsbnGenerator implements NumberGenerator {...}
. @Session
Scoped @RequestScoped @ApplicationScoped .
. , . ,
, . @ConversationScoped ,
,
.
, (HTTP ), ,
. ,
. , . CDI
(@ConversationScoped).
,
, , ,
API javax.enterprise.con
text.Conversation.
-: . .
, .
, , , .
. 2.21 ,
.
72
2.
2.21.
@ConversationScoped
public class CustomerCreatorWizard implements Serializable {
private Login login;
private Account account;
@Inject
private CustomerService customerService;
@Inject
private Conversation conversation;
public void saveLogin() {
conversation.begin();
login = newLogin();
//
}
public void saveAccount() {
account = new Account();
//
}
public void createCustomer() {
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setLogin(login);
customer.setAccount(account);
customerService.createCustomer(customer);
conversation.end();
}
}
2.21 CustomerCreationWizard
@ConversationScoped. CustomerService Customer,
, Conversation. . ,
saveLogin (conversation.begin()). .
, createCustomer
(conversation.end()). 2.3 API Conversation.
2.3. API Conversation
void begin()
void begin(String id)
void end()
String getId()
long getTimeout()
void setTimeout(long millis)

boolean isTransient()
73

CDI ,
-. , ,
CDI , (DI)
. Java- , Java. , EL- JSF.
CDI
EL-. ,
@javax.inject.Named,
2.22.
2.22. BookService
@Named
private String title, description;
private Float price;
private Book book;
public String createBook() {
book = new Book(title, price, description);
return "customer.xhtml";
}
}
@Named BookService
( (CamelCase)
). JSF, createBook:
<h:commandButton value="Sendemail" action="#{bookService.createBook}"/>
, .
@Named("myService")
public class BookService {...}
JSF.
<h:commandButton value="Send email" action="#{myService.createBook}"/>
. .2.2,
(, CDI, EJB - RESTful ..),
74
2.
- ,
. :
, , ,
(@AroundConstruct);
, , ,
- (@AroundInvoke);
, @Around
Timeout, (
EJB, .8);
,

(@PostConstruct @PreDestroy).

Java EE6, (
EJB). , , EJB -
SOAP RESTful.

.
( , - ) , 2.23. CustomerService logMethod() @AroundInvoke.
. , createCustomer() findCustomerById()
logMethod(). ,
( ).
2.23. CustomerService, ,
@Transactional
public class CustomerService {
@Inject
@Inject
private Logger logger;
public void createCustomer(Customer customer) {
em.persist(customer);
}
public Customer findCustomerById(Long id) {
return em.find(Customer.class, id);
}
@AroundInvoke
private Object logMethod(InvocationContext ic) throws Exception {
logger.entering(ic.getTarget().toString(), ic.getMethod().getName());
try {
75
return ic.proceed();
} finally {
logger.exiting(ic.getTarget().toString(), ic.getMethod().getName());
}
}
}
@AroundInvoke, logMethod()
:
@AroundInvoke
Object <METHOD>(InvocationContext ic) throws Exception;
, (
, ):
public, private, protected , static final;
javax.interceptor.InvocationContext
, ;
.
InvocationContext
. ,
InvocationContext ,
.
2.4 API InvocationContext.
2.4. InvocationContext
getContextData

InvocationContext Map
getConstructor
getMethod
getParameters
,
-
getTarget
getTimer
, @Timeout
proceed
.
.
void, proceed null
setParameters
,
.
,
IllegalArgumentException
76
2.
, 2.23, .2.6. , ,
createCustomer().
createCustomer() logMethod(). InvocationContext (ic.getTarget()), (ic.getMethod()) (logger.entering()). proceed().
InvocationContext.proceed() , ,
-
. proceed() , - . createCustomer(),
, ,
(logger.exiting()). findCustomerById()
.
.2.6. -

2.23 @javax.transaction.Transactional. CDI, JAX-RS JAX-WS.
EJB CDI. @Transactional
. 9.

2.23 , CustomerService .

, . () ,
,
.
77
.
,
logMethod() 2.23 ,
2.24. init(), @AroundConstruct .
2.24. Around-Invoke Around-Construct
public class LoggingInterceptor {

@Inject
@AroundConstruct
private void init(InvocationContext ic) throws Exception {
logger.fine("Entering constructor");
try {
ic.proceed();
} finally {
logger.fine("Exiting constructor");
}
}
@AroundInvoke
public Object logMethod(InvocationContext ic) throws Exception {
try {
} finally {
}
}
}
LoggingInterceptor ,
. @javax.interceptor.Interceptors. 2.25 createCustomer(). ,
, LoggingInterceptor
( ).
2.25. CustomerService
@Transactional
@Inject
@Interceptors(LoggingInterceptor.class)
}
78
2.
}
}
2.25 @Interceptors
createCustomer(). , , findCustomerById(), . ,
, @Interceptors , . , .
@AroundConstruct, .
@Transactional
public void createCustomer(Customer customer) {...}
public Customer findCustomerById(Long id) {...}
}
, javax.interceptor.ExcludeClassInterceptors
. updateCustomer()
, :
@Transactional
@ExcludeClassInterceptors
public Customer updateCustomer(Customer customer) { ... }
}

(..2.2) .

( @PostConstruct @PreDestroy ). ,
, ,
@PostConstruct . ,
?
,
.
2.26 ProfileInterceptor :
logMethod(), , profile(),
(@AroundInvoke).
79
2.26. Around-Invoke
public class ProfileInterceptor {

@Inject
@PostConstruct
public void logMethod(InvocationContext ic) throws Exception {
logger.fine(ic.getTarget().toString());
try {
ic.proceed();
} finally {
logger.fine(ic.getTarget().toString());
}
}
@AroundInvoke
public Object profile(InvocationContext ic) throws Exception {
long initTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
} finally {
long diffTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - initTime;
logger.fine(ic.getMethod() + " took " + diffTime + " millis");
}
}
}
2.26,
InvocationContext Object void. ,
2.26, CustomerService (2.27)
@Interceptors ProfileInterceptor. , logMethod() init(). , createCustomer() findCustomerById(),
profile().
2.27. CustomerService,
@Transactional
@Interceptors(ProfileInterceptor.class)
@Inject
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
// ...
}
}
}
}
80
2.

, ( @Around Invoke), ( @Interceptors). Interceptors1.2
.
@Interceptors , ,
. ,
, @Interceptors.
, 2.28 @Interceptors
.
@Stateless
@Interceptors({I1.class, I2.class})
@Interceptors({I3.class, I4.class})
public void removeCustomer(Customer customer) {...}
@ExcludeClassInterceptors
public Customer updateCustomer(Customer customer) {...}
}
updateCustomer(), ,
@ExcludeClassInterceptors. createCustomer()
I1, I2.
findCustomerById() I1, I2, I3 I4 .

( JSR 318)
(EJB, , RESTful ..). CDI ,
. ,
, CDI.
2.25, , .

(, @Interceptors(LoggingInterceptror.class)). , . CDI ,
. ,
@InterceptorBinding, .
2.29 Loggable.
, . -
81
, @InterceptorBinding,
(, 2.13).
2.29. Loggable
@InterceptorBinding
@Target({METHOD, TYPE})
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface Loggable { }
. @Interceptor
(Loggable 2.30).
2.30. Loggable
@Interceptor
@Loggable
@Inject
@AroundInvoke
logger.entering(ic .getTarget().toString(), ic .getMethod().getName());
try {
return ic.proceed() ;
} finally {
logger.exiting(ic .getTarget().toString(), ic .getMethod().getName());
}
}
}
,
, 2.31.
( ) .
@Transactional
@Loggable
@Inject
}
}
}
2.31 . , . ,
82
2.
, ,
.
@Transactional
@Loggable
}
.
, , beans.xml JAR- Java EE,
2.32.
2.32. beans.xml
<beans xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
<interceptors>
<class>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter02.LoggingInterceptor</class>
</interceptors>
</beans>

, , 2.28
(@Interceptors({I1.class, I2.class})). CDI1.1
, @javax.annotation.Priority ( XML- beans.xml) , 2.33.
2.33. Loggable
@Interceptor
@Loggable
@Priority(200)
@Inject
@AroundInvoke
try {
return ic.proceed() ;
} finally {
}
}
}
83
@Priority , . , . Java EE7 ,

. javax.interceptor.Interceptor :
PLATFORM_BEFORE = 0 , Java EE;
LIBRARY_BEFORE = 1000 , ;
APPLICATION = 2000 ,
;
LIBRARY_AFTER = 3000 , ;
PLATFORM_AFTER = 4000 , Java EE.
, , , ,
:
@Interceptor
@Loggable
@Priority(Interceptor.Priority.LIBRARY_BEFORE + 10)
public class LoggingInterceptor {...}

, ,
.
,
. .
, Gang
of Four. ,
( ). ,
, . -
. , .
, .
ISSN. ISSN ,
ISBN ( ).
(, 2.9 2.10),
ISSN, ,
. 2.34 . FromEightToThirteenDigitsDecorator
84
2.
javax.decorator.Decorator, - (Number
Generator .2.3) generateNumber.
, - , . generateNumber()
ISSN, -
ISBN.
2.34. ,
@Decorator
public class FromEightToThirteenDigitsDecorator implements NumberGenerator {
@Inject @Delegate
String issn = numberGenerator.generateNumber();
String isbn = "13-84356" + issn.substring(1);
returnisbn;
}
}
( @Delegate)
, , (
NumberGenerator). - (,
IssnNumberGenerator), , ,
- (, numberGenerator.generateNumber() 2.34).
, . beans.xml, 2.35.
2.35. beans.xml
<beansxmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
<decorators>
<class>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter02.FromEightToThirteenDigitsDeco
rator</class>
</decorators>
</beans>
, , .
, ,
, . , ,
85
.
, ,
.
(Observer), Gang of Four.
, javax.enter
prise.event. fire(),
. 2.36 BookService
(bookAddedEvent) . bookAddedEvent.fi
re(book) ,
. Book, .
2.36. BookService ,

@Inject
@Inject
private Event<Book> bookAddedEvent;
bookAddedEvent.fire(book);
return book;
}
}
.
.
, @Observers . ,
. 2.37
, , . addBook,
Book.
. , BookService, CDI
. 2.37
addBook, , , BookService.
, CDI .
2.37. InventoryService Book
public class InventoryService {

@Inject
List<Book> inventory = new ArrayList<>();
public void addBook(@Observes Book book) {
86
2.
logger.info("Adding book " + book.getTitle() + "to inventory");
inventory.add(book);
}
}
CDI, ,
. ( ),
. 2.38
BookService, .
bookAddedEvent, bookRemovedEvent, Book. , @Added @Removed.
2.7: @Qualifier.
2.38. BookService

@Inject
@Inject @Added
private Event<Book> bookAddedEvent;
@Inject @Removed
private Event<Book> bookRemovedEvent;
bookAddedEvent.fire(book);
return book;
}
public void deleteBook(Book book) {
bookRemovedEvent.fire(book);
}
}
InventoryService 2.39 , , (@Observes
@Added Book), (@Observes @Removed Book).
2.39. InventoryService
public class InventoryService {

@Inject
List<Book> inventory = new ArrayList<>();
public void addBook(@Observes @Added Book book) {
logger.warning(" " + book.getTitle() + " ");
inventory.add(book);
}
public void removeBook(@Observes @Removed Book book) {
87

logger.warning(" " + book.getTitle() + " ");
inventory.remove(book);
}
}
,
. , 100:
void addBook(@Observes @Added @Price(greaterThan=100) Book book)

, ,
, , ,
. Weld
Main JavaSE, .
2.7 ,
, .
.2.7.
BookService Java- Book.

NumberGenerator ISBN
ISSN (IsbnGenerator IssnGenerator) ,
(MockGenerator).
NumberGenerator ,
: @ThirteenDigits @EightDigits.
LoggingProducer Logger . LoggingInterceptor Loggable
CDI .
88
2.
Main BookService, Book

IsbnGenerator. BookServiceIT MockGenerator .
, . 2.7,
Maven:
src/main/java , ,
Main;
src/main/resources beans.xml,
CDI ;
src/test/java BookServiceIT
MockGenerator;
src/test/resources beans.xml ,
MockGenerator LoggingInterceptor;
pom.xml Maven (POM),
.
Book BookService
CD-Bookstore BookService (2.40). Java- Book (2.41) , .
(ISBN ISSN) .
2.40. BookService,
@Loggable
book.setNumber(numberGenerator.generateNumber());
return book;
}
}
BookService , , POJO Book. ISBN- , (@Inject) (@ThirteenDigits)
generateNumber, IsbnGenerator.
2.41. POJO- Book
public class Book {

private String title;
private String description;
private String number;
//, ,
}
89

2.40 BookService @Loggable
(2.50). ,
.
NumberGenerator
BookService 2.40 NumberGenerator (2.42). ,
. IsbnGenerator , IssnGenerator
MockGenerator.
2.42. NumberGenerator
public interface NumberGenerator {

String generateNumber();
}
IsbnGenerator (2.43) @Thirteen

Digits. CDI , 13.
, IsbnGenerator ja
va.util.logging.Logger ( 2.48)
@Loggable .
2.43. IsbnGenerator
@ThirteenDigits
@Inject
@Loggable
String isbn = "13-84356-" + Math.abs(new Random().nextInt());
logger.info(" ISBN : " + isbn);
return isbn;
}
}
IssnGenerator 2.44 Number

Generator.
2.44. IssnGenerator
@EightDigits
public class IssnGenerator implements NumberGenerator{
@Inject
@Loggable
String issn = "8-" + Math.abs(new Random().nextInt());
logger.info(" ISBN : " + issn);
return issn;
}
}
90
2.
MockGenerator 2.45 IsbnGenerator ( @ThirteenDigits). MockGenerator

,
beans.xml (.2.55).
2.45. ,

@Alternative
@ThirteenDigits
public class MockGenerator implements NumberGenerator {
@Inject
@Loggable
String mock = "MOCK-" + Math.abs(new Random().nextInt());
logger.info(" Mock : " + mock);
return mock;
}
}

NumberGenerator, CDI

. : Thirteen
Digits (2.46) EightDigits (2.47),
javax.inject.Qualifier ( ).
@ThirteenDigits IsbnGenerator (.2.43),
BookService (.2.40).
2.46.
@Qualifier
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface ThirteenDigits { }
2.47.
@Qualifier
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface EightDigits { }

. 2.432.45, NumberGenerator
java.util.logging.Logger .
Logger JDK,
( rt.jar beans.xml) .
LoggingProducer 2.48 (produceLogger), -
91

@Produces. Logger, .
2.48.
public class LoggingProducer {

@Produces
public Logger produceLogger(InjectionPoint injectionPoint) {
return Logger.getLogger(injectionPoint.getMember().getDeclaringClass().
getName());
}
}
LoggingInterceptor 2.49 Logger

.
,
(@AroundInvoke logMethod). LoggingInterceptor
@Loggable (2.50) (, BookService 2.40).
2.49.
@Interceptor
@Loggable
@Inject
@AroundInvoke
logger.entering(ic.getTarget().getClass().getName(),
ic.getMethod().getName());
try {
} finally {
logger.exiting(ic.getTarget().getClass().getName(),
ic.getMethod().getName());
}
}
}
2.50. Loggable
@InterceptorBinding
@Target({METHOD, TYPE})
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface Loggable { }
Main
( Main), CDI
BookService.createBook. CDI1.1 API
, 2.51 Weld.
92
2.
WeldContainer
BookService.class. createBook
: IsbnGenerator Logger
BookService Book ISBN.
2.51. Main CDI BookService
public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Weld weld = new Weld();
WeldContainer container = weld.initialize();
BookService bookService =
container.instance().select(BookService.class).get();
Book book = bookService.createBook("H2G2", 12.5f, "
");
System.out.println(book);
weld.shutdown();
}
}
2.51 Weld, .
CDI, OpenWebBeans
(Apache) CanDI (Caucho). CDI API .
CDI beans.xml
CDI
, beans.xml .
2.52, beans.xml ,
CDI, .
2.52. beans.xml CDI
</beans>
Maven
Main BookServiceIT. pom.xml 2.53
(org.jboss.weld.se:weld-se APICDI
Weld) (junit:junit). 1.7 maven-compilerplugin , JavaSE7 (<source>1.7</source>). ,
exec-maven-plugin ,
Main Maven.
93

2.53. pom.xml ,
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.agoncal.book.javaee7</groupId>
<artifactId>chapter02</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<groupId>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter02</groupId>
<artifactId>chapter02-putting-together</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jboss.weld.se</groupId>
<artifactId>weld-se</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>java</goal>
94
2.
</goals>
<configuration>
<mainClass>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter02.Main</mainClass>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>integration-test</id>
<goals>
<goal>integration-test</goal>
<goal>verify</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
, pom.xml, Maven:
$ mvn compile
Main
exec-maven-plugin, pom.xml 2.53,
Main, 2.51.
, pom.xml, Maven:
$ mvn exec:java
Main, BookService
Book. Logger :
Info: ISBN : 13-84356-1864341788
Book{title='H2G2', price=12.5, description='
', isbn='13-84356-1864341788'}
BookServiceIT
2.54 , BookServiceIT BookService.
API, Weld, CDI
95

Main , 2.51.
BookService.createBook, ,
"MOCK". , MockGenerator ( IsbnGenerator).
2.54. BookServiceIT
public class BookServiceIT {

@Test
public void shouldCheckNumberIsMOCK () {
Weld weld = new Weld();
WeldContainer container = weld.initialize();
BookService bookService =
container.instance().select(BookService.class).get();
Book book = bookService.createBook("H2G2", 12.5f, "
");
assertTrue(book.getNumber().startsWith("MOCK"));
weld.shutdown();
}
}

beans.xml
BookServiceIT 2.54 , MockGenerator. beans.xml

(2.55) ( <alternatives>).
, LoggingInterceptor beans.xml.
2.55. beans.xml
<alternatives>
<class>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter02.MockGenerator</class>
</alternatives>
<interceptors>
<class>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter02.LoggingInterceptor</class>
</interceptors>
</beans>

Maven Failsafe ( pom.xml 2.53) Maven:
$ mvn integration-test
96
2.
BookServiceIT .

.
POJO, CDI, ,
. Managed Bean ( JSR 330) CDI Bean ( JSR299) Java EE ,
. CDI , ,
, .
CDI ,
(), (), ,
(), , , .
Java EE, ,
. ,
, .
, CDI Java EE.
CDI.
3.

CDI, ,
, Java EE.
, , , , .

. ,
( ), .
, .
, , -.
, , ,
.
, . ,
, .
.
, . Java,
().
, , ,
. API, , -.
,
. :
. ,
-.
( Java EE, ).

,
() ,
98
3.
. ,
, ,
. ,
(, , -),
, -, - ( ),
(.3.1). , .
. 3.1.
. ,

, - Java, JavaScript,
XML-.
, ,
,
. , , . Java , (if order.get
DeliveryAddress() == null).
.
, . (
?
?)
,
, .
99

. ,
(; , cURL, HTTP; ). .
-. , , , .
-.
, .

, -
.

, , .
,
. (DDL, )
, . , (NOT NULL), (INTEGER)
(VARCHAR(20)).
20 .

: ,
. ,
, . , , ,
, .
.
.
: , . , ,
. ,
.
, -
JavaScript. ,
100 3.
-. , Java (Swing, Android),
.
/. ,
, , , . ()
.
XML. DDL .
XML XSD ( XML-)
XML-. XSD ,
XML-, .
XML ,
Java.
, (
) (JavaScript, Java, DDL, XSD).
,
.
, , . ,
, ( , , ). .
.
(Bean Validation) ,
Java, ,
DDL XSD. . , ,
-.
, , Java (Swing, Android). JavaBeans ,,
( ).
, ,
, , ,
101

. API , (
XML).

, Java. ,
,
. , 2000 Struts MVC- . , , Java (
-). , , Commons Validator Apache Commons Hibernate Validator. iScreen, OVal, Spring,
.
Bean Validation1.1
1.1 Java EE7.
() ,
. .
. ( ) .
.
API ,
.
,
( ).
.3.1 ,
Bean Validation 1.1.
3.1.
javax.validation
API
javax.validation.bo
otstrap
, ,
javax.validation.con
straints
javax.validation.gro
ups
102 3.
3.1 ()
javax.validation.me
tadata

API
javax.validation.spi
API,

Hibernate Validator . 2005 JBoss Hibernate
Annotations, 2007, 2009 ( Hibernate Validator4). Hibernate
Validator5 (1.1) -
, . .
API , .
Hibernate Validator5 , Bean Validation1.1. Apache BVal Bean Validation1.0, 1.1. Oval Bean Validation,
.

,
.
, .
. ,
Java, ? 3.1 , -.
3.1. Book.
public class Book {

@NotNull
@NotNull @Min(2)
@Size(max = 2000)
private String isbn;
private Integer nbOfPage;
// , ,
}
103

3.1 Book , , ,
. , @NotNull, @Min @Size.
, title
description 2000. ,
(, price
2).

.
, , ( ). Java EE (, @Entity, @Stateless
@Path). CDI ( )
. , :
, ;
, .
,
. , , .

, JavaBean,
. , RUNTIME javax.validation.Constraint
( ). 3.2
NotNull. , @Constraint(validatedBy = {}) NotNullValidator.
3.2. NotNull
@Target({METHOD, FIELD, ANNOTATION_TYPE, CONSTRUCTOR, PARAMETER})

@Retention(RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Constraint(validatedBy = NotNullValidator.class)
public @interface NotNull {
String message() default "{javax.validation.constraints.NotNull.message}";
Class<?>[] groups() default {};
Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
}
,
:
104 3.
@Target({METHOD, FIELD, ...}) , ( );
@Retention(RUNTIME) , . RUNTIME,
;
@Constraint(validatedBy = NotNullValidator.class) (
),
;
@Documented , Javadoc .
.
Bean Validation :
message , , . ;
groups ,
, ;
payload .
, . ,
, , length
.

. validatedBy @Constraint
( 3.2). 3.3
@NotNull. , ConstraintValidator (NotNull) ,
( Object).
3.3. NotNull
public class NotNullValidator implements ConstraintValidator<NotNull, Object>

{
public void initialize(NotNull parameters) {
}
public boolean isValid(Object object, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
return object != null;
}
}
ConstraintValidator ,
.
105

initialize - .
, .
isValid . , . false, , true . ConstraintValidatorContext
, ,
.

. 3.3 @NotNull Object (
, ). , ,
. ,
String, BigDecimal
Collection. :

( @Size ), ( String , BigDecimal
Collection<?>):
public class SizeValidatorForString
implements<Size, String>
{...}
public class SizeValidatorForBigDecimal implements<Size, BigDecimal> {...}
public class SizeValidatorForCollection implements<Size, Collection<?>> {...}

,
(, , , ,
, ). , @Target(Element
Type.*) (.3.2). :
FIELD ;
METHOD
;
CONSTRUCTOR ;
PARAMETER ;
TYPE , ;
ANNOTATION_TYPE , .
,
, Java.
. 3.4
Order, , , -.
106 3.
3.4. ,
@ChronologicalDates
public class Order {
@NotNull @Pattern(regexp = "[C,D,M][A-Z][0-9]*")
private String orderId;
private Date creationDate;
@Min(1)
private Double totalAmount;
private Date paymentDate;
private Date deliveryDate;
private List<OrderLine> orderLines;
public Order() {
}
public Order(@Past Date creationDate) {
this.creationDate = creationDate;
}
public @NotNull Double calculateTotalAmount(@GreaterThanZero Double
changeRate) {
// ...
}
//
}
3.4 @ChronologicalDates , Order (

, creationDate, paymentDate deliveryDate
). orderId :
(@NotNull) (@Pattern). Order , creationDate
. calculateTotalAmount (
) , changeRate
@GreaterThanZero, ,
.

,
. ,
, .
, .

Bean Validation
. .
, .3.2
(,

). javax.va
lidation.constraints.
107

3.2.
AssertFalse
AssertTrue
Boolean
true false
DecimalMax
DecimalMin
BigDecimal, BigInteger,
CharSequence, byte, short,
int, long
Future
Past
Calendar, Date
Max
Min
byte, short, int, long
Null
NotNull
Object
Pattern
CharSequence
Digits
CharSequence, byte, short,
int, long
Size
Object[], CharSequence,
Collection<?>, Map<?, ?>

, API , . (
).
(, , ).

()
. .
, @Target(ElementType.AN
NOTATION_TYPE),
.
.
3.5 , Email, API . , (@NotNull),
(@Size(min = 7)) (@Pattern).
108 3.
message, groups payload. : (validatedBy = {}).
3.5. ,
@NotNull
@Size(min = 7)
@Pattern(regexp = "[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+
(?:\\.[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+)*"
+ "@(?:[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?\\.)+[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*
[a-z0-9])?")
@Constraint(validatedBy = {})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Email {
String message() default " ";
}
(@NotNull, @Size @Pattern)

( message()). ,
, , 3.5, @NotNull, ,
( ). ,
Email , . @ReportAsSingleViolation (
, 3.24). ,

,
, .
, . ,
.

, .
, .

, , ,
. :
,
.. .
109

3.6 POJO,
, CD-BookStore. POJO
String, URL. ,
URL , (,
http, ftp), / . @URL , ItemServerConnection URL. , resourceURL
URL (, file://www.cdbookstore.com/item/123). , itemURL ,
http- , www.cdbookstore.com
(, http://www.cdbookstore.com/book/h2g2).
3.6. URL,

public class ItemServerConnection {

@URL
private String resourceURL;
@NotNull @URL(protocol = "http", host = "www.cdbookstore.com")
private String itemURL;
@URL(protocol = "ftp", port = 21)
private String ftpServerURL;
private Date lastConnectionDate;
// , ,
}

URL, . 3.7 ,
( @Constraint, message, groups payload). ,
: protocol, host port, (, @URL(protocol = "http")). .
, , , , 1
.
3.7. URL
@Constraint(validatedBy = {URLValidator.class})
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface URL {
String message() default "Malformed URL";
String protocol() default "";
String host() default "";
int port() default -1;
}
110 3.
3.7 ,
@NotNull.
, validatedBy ( URLValidator.class).
3.8 URLValidator. ,
ConstraintValidator , , initialize isValid.
, URLValidator , (protocol, host port), initialize(URL url).
.
( URL), . itemURL
protocol, 3.6 "http".
3.8. URL
public class URLValidator implements ConstraintValidator<URL, String> {

private String protocol;
private String host;
private int port;
public void initialize(URL url) {
this.protocol = url.protocol();
this.host = url.host();
this.port = url.port();
}
public boolean isValid(String value, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
if (value == null || value.length() == 0) {
return true;
}
java.net.URL url;
try {
// URL java.net.URL ,
// URL
url = new java.net.URL(value);
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
return false;
}
// ,
if (protocol != null && protocol.length() > 0 &&
!url.getProtocol().equals(protocol)) {
return false;
}
if (host != null && host.length() > 0 && !url.getHost().startsWith(host)) {
return false;
}
if (port != -1 && url.getPort() != port) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
111

isValid URL, 3.8.
value , (, file://www.cdbookstore.com/item/123). context
, (
). , .
3.8 java.net.URL , URL.
protocol, host port.
, false. ,
ConstraintViolation.
: isValid (if
(value == null ... return true)). Bean Validation
. @NotNull.
@URL @NotNull, , URL (
itemURL 3.6).
, . 3.8 URLValidator String ( Constraint
Validator<URL, String>). , @URL
(, lastConnectionDate ),
javax.validation.UnexpectedTypeException,
java.util.Date .
, ,
, (, URLValidator CharSequence, ,
: ConstraintValidator<URL, CharS equence> ),
( String, CharBuffer, StringBuffer, StringBuilder)
.

. ,
, , , EJB EntityManager
( ). initialize isValid
(@PostConstruct @PreDestroy).
,
( ).
@Pattern, . 3.9 , .
112 3.
AND. ,
orderId , .
3.9. POJO,


@Pattern.List({
@Pattern(regexp = "[C,D,M][A-Z][0-9]*"),
@Pattern(regexp = ".[A-Z].*?")
})
// , ,
}

,
. -: . 3.10 @Pattern,
( List) Pattern[].
RUNTIME
(
METHOD, FIELD, ANNOTATION_TYPE, CONSTRUCTOR, PARAMETER).
3.10. ,

@Retention(RUNTIME)
@Constraint(validatedBy = PatternValidator.class)
public @interface Pattern {
String regexp();
String message() default "{javax.validation.constraints.Pattern.message}";
// @Pattern,
@Retention(RUNTIME)
@interface List {
Pattern[] value();
}
}

. Bean Validation
, List.
113

, ( ).
. , , .
3.11 . -: , , . ,
: creationDate, paymentDate deliveryDate. @ChronologicalDates ,
.
3.11. ,

@ChronologicalDates
// , ,
}
3.12 @ChronologicalDates.
, , Constraint
Validator, Order. isValid ,
, true.
3.12. ChronologicalDates,
public class ChronologicalDatesValidator implements

ConstraintValidator<ChronologicalDates, Order> {
@Override
public void initialize(ChronologicalDates constraintAnnotation) {
}
@Override
public boolean isValid(Order order, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
return order.getCreationDate().getTime() <
order.getPaymentDate().getTime() &&
order.getPaymentDate().getTime() <
order.getDeliveryDate().getTime();
}
}

, , Bean
Validation1.1. , ,
114 3.
( ).
( )
( ). ,
Bean Validation
, .
:
;

, .
3.13
. CardValidator
. @NotNull ValidationAlgorithm. validate Boolean ( ?) @AssertTrue
@NotNull @Future .
3.13.
public class CardValidator {

private ValidationAlgorithm validationAlgorithm;
public CardValidator(@NotNull ValidationAlgorithm validationAlgorithm) {
this.validationAlgorithm = validationAlgorithm;
}
@AssertTrue
public Boolean validate(@NotNull CreditCard creditCard) {
return validationAlgorithm.validate(creditCard.getNumber(),
creditCard.getCtrlNumber());
}
@AssertTrue
public Boolean validate(@NotNull String number, @Future Date expiryDate,
Integer controlNumber, String type) {
return validationAlgorithm.validate(number, controlNumber);
}
}

- .
, -.
, Java: . , ,
.
3.15 CD, Item (3.14). . CD, , ,
.
115

3.14. Item,
Public class Item {

@NotNull
protected Long id;
@NotNull @Size(min = 4, max = 50)
protected String title;
protected Float price;
protected String description;
@NotNull
public Float calculateVAT() {
return price * 0.196f;
}
@NotNull
public Float calculatePrice(@DecimalMin("1.2") Float rate) {
return price * rate;
}
}
3.15. CD, Item
public class CD extends Item {

@Pattern(regexp = "[A-Z][a-z]{1,}")
private String musicCompany;
@Max(value = 5)
private Integer numberOfCDs;
private Float totalDuration;
@MusicGenre
private String genre;
// ConstraintDeclarationException :
}
}
,
. calculateVAT, Item, CD.
.
.
, . , ( ).
, calculatePrice CD (.3.15),
javax.validati
on.ConstraintDeclarationException. , .
(.3.2), : message, groups payload.
116 3.
String, ,
.
,
.

, .message.
//
String message() default " ";
//
String message() default "{org.agoncal.book.javaee7.Email.message}";
ValidationMessages.properties
.
, .
org.agoncal.book.javaee7.Email.message=
, ,
.
@Email(message = " ")
private String recoveryEmail;
( javax.validation.Message
Interpolator) .
, , .
, {min} {max} :
javax.validation.constraints.Size.message = size must be between {min} and {max}
3.16 Customer,
. userId @Email, ,
,
.
: firstName age , .
3.16. Customer,
public class Customer {

@Email
private String userId;
@NotNull @Size(min = 4, max = 50, message = "
{min} {max} ")
117

private String firstName;
private String lastName;
@Email(message = " ")
private String recoveryEmail;
private String phoneNumber;
@Min(value = 18, message = " .
{value} ")
Private Integer age;
// , ,
}
ConstraintValidator
, ,
ConstraintValidator , , isValid. isValid , ,
ConstraintValidationContext. , , . .3.3 , javax.vali
dation.ConstraintValidatorContext.
3.3. ConstraintValidationContext
disableDefaultConstraintViolation
ConstraintViolation
getDefaultConstraintMessageTemplate
, ,
buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate
ConstraintViolationBuilder,

ConstraintValidatorContext , . build
ConstraintViolationWithTemplate ConstraintViolationBuilder,
API, .
:
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate("Invalid protocol")
.addConstraintViolation();
-. @URL
3.7, ,
(Malformed URL). (protocol, host port),
, : Invalid protocol ( ) Invalid host ( ).
118 3.

ConstraintViolation .
, , , . .
3.17 URL ConstraintValidatorContext, .

(disableDefaultConstraintViolation)
.
3.17. URL, ConstraintValidatorContext

public class URLValidator implements ConstraintValidator<URL, String> {

private String protocol;
private String host;
private int port;
public void initialize(URL url) {
this.protocol = url.protocol();
this.host = url.host();
this.port = url.port();
}
if (value == null || value.length() == 0) {
return true;
}
java.net.URL url;
try {
url = new java.net.URL(value);
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
return false;
}
if (protocol != null && protocol.length() > 0 &&
!url.getProtocol().equals(protocol)) {
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate("
").addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
if (host != null && host.length() > 0 && !url.getHost().startsWith(host)) {
return false;
}
if (port != -1 && url.getPort() != port) {
return false;
119

}
return true;
}
}
,
. ,
( )
? .
, .
.
public interface Payment {}
- . , Payment () , , , . ,
groups :
@Past(groups = Payment.class)
, -,
,
groups :
@Past(groups = {Payment.class, Delivery.class})
groups.
, javax.validation.groups.Default. , Default:
@NotNull
private Long id;
@Past(groups = Default.class)
,
@ChronologicalDates, . Order 3.18 ,
: creationDate, paymentDate deliveryDate.
, creationDate, paymentDate
deliveryDate. ,
, creationDate. ,
creationDate ,
( ,
javax.validation.groups.Default). paymentDate
120 3.
Payment, deliveryDate @ChronologicalDates
Delivery.
3.18. ,
@ChronologicalDates(groups = Delivery.class)
@NotNull
private Long id;
@NotNull @Past
@NotNull(groups = Payment.class) @Past(groups = Payment.class)
@NotNull(groups = Delivery.class) @Past(groups = Delivery.class)
// , ,
}
, , , Bean Validation .

, Java EE7,
(
) XML. Bean Validation
, META-INF. ,
validation.xml, (,
, , ). , ,
. Java EE7, XML .
3.19 validation.xml, XML- validation-config. ,
: constraints.xml ( 3.20).
3.19. validation.xml,

<validation-config
xmlns="http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration
validation-configuration-1.1.xsd"
version="1.1">
<constraint-mapping>META-INF/constraints.xml</constraint-mapping>
</validation-config>
121

3.20. ,

<constraint-mappings
xmlns="http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/mapping"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/mapping
validation-mapping-1.1.xsd"
version="1.1">
<bean class="org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter03.Book" ignore-annotations="false">
<field name="title">
<constraint annotation="javax.validation.constraints.NotNull">
<message>Title should not be null</message>
</constraint>
</field>
<field name="price">
<constraint annotation="javax.validation.constraints.NotNull"/>
<constraint annotation="javax.validation.constraints.Min">
<element name="value">2</element>
</constraint>
</field>
<field name="description">
<constraint annotation="javax.validation.constraints.Size">
<element name="max">2000</element>
</constraint>
</field>
</bean>
</constraint-mappings>
constraints.xml 3.20
, Book.
@NotNull title
( ). price
, 2.
3.1, .

, ,
, ,
. . Java EE7,
.
, , , , . ,
. ,
, , ,
. ,
API.
122 3.
API
API, . API javax.validation.Va
lidator. , ( ,
- -).
javax.validation.ConstraintViolation.
, , .
Validator. API
,
, .3.4.
.
1. ConstraintValidator,
(, ConstraintValidator @Size, ).
2. isValid.
3. isValid true, .
4. isValid false,
ConstraintViolation .
3.4. Validator
<T> Set<ConstraintViolation<T>>vali
date(Tobject, Class<?>... groups)
dateProperty(Tobject, String propName,
Class<?>... groups)
dateValue(Class<T> beanType, String
propName, Object value,Class<?>... groups)
BeanDescriptor getConstraints
ForClass(Class<?> clazz)
ExecutableValidator forExecutables()
-
, ValidationException.
(
, , ).
123

validate, validateProperty validateValue
, .
varargs,
. forExecutables ExecutableValidator
, . .3.5 API ExecutableValidator.
3.5. ExecutableValidator
,
dateParameters(Tobject, Method

method, Object[] params, Class<?>... groups)
dateReturnValue(Tobject, Method method,
Object returnValue, Class<?>... groups)
dateConstructorParameters
(Constructor<T> constructor, Object[]
params, Class<?>... groups)
dateConstructorReturnValue
(Constructor<T> constructor,
TcreatedObject, Class<?>... groups)
ConstraintViolation
, .3.4 3.5,
ConstraintViolation, ,
. ,
.
ConstraintViolation . ConstraintViolation
, , API
. .3.6 API.
3.6. ConstraintViolation
String getMessage()
String getMessageTemplate()
T getRootBean()
Class<T> getRootBeanClass()
124 3.
3.6 ()
Object getLeafBean()
Path getPropertyPath()
Object getInvalidValue()
ConstraintDescriptor<?>
getConstraintDescriptor()

Validator.
Java EE, Validator
( ), (
EJB- -).
, Validation,
.
buildDefaultValidatorFactory ValidatorFactory,
, , Validator.
:
ValidatorFactory factory = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory();
Validator validator = factory.getValidator();
ValidatorFactory :
factory.close();
Java EE,
JNDI :
ValidatorFactory java:comp/ValidatorFactory;
Validator java:comp/Validator.
JNDI- Validator.
JNDI ,
@Resource:
@Resource ValidatorFactory validatorFactory;
@Resource Validator validator;
CDI ( Java EE7 ), @Inject:

@Inject ValidatorFactory;
@Inject Validator;
125

( @Resource, @Inject)
.
ValidatorFactory.

Validator , ,
. 3.21 CD, , , .
3.21. ,
public class CD {
@NotNull
@NotNull(groups = PrintingCatalog.class)
@Size(min = 100, max = 5000, groups = PrintingCatalog.class)
@Pattern(regexp = "[A-Z][a-z]{1,}")
@Max(value = 5)
@NotNull @DecimalMin("5.8")
}
@DecimalMin("9.99")
public Float calculateVAT() {
return price * 0.196f;
}
}
,
CD Validator.validate(). , ConstraintViolation. CD ( ), .
, .
CD cd = new CD("Kind of Blue", 12.5f);
Set<ConstraintViolation<CD>> violations = validator.validate(cd);
assertEquals(0, violations.size());
, ConstraintViolation
, ( @NotNull):
CD cd = new CD();
Set<ConstraintViolation<CD>> violations = validator.validate(cd);
126 3.

. Validator.validateProperty(), .
CD ,
; , . ,
numberOfCDs, :
CD cd = new CD();
cd.setNumberOfCDs(2);
Set<ConstraintViolation<CD>> violations = validator.validateProperty(cd,
"numberOfCDs");
, ,
CD , . : API ConstraintViolation
, , , :
CD cd = new CD();
cd.setNumberOfCDs(7);
Set<ConstraintViolation<CD>> violations = validator.validateProperty(cd,
"numberOfCDs");
assertEquals("must be less than or equal to 5", violations.iterator().next().
getMessage());
assertEquals(7, violations.iterator().next().getInvalidValue());
assertEquals("{javax.validation.constraints.Max.message}",
violations.iterator().next().getMessageTemplate());

Validator.validateValue(), ,
. ,
,
.
CD, numberOfCDs
CD. , ( CD ):
Set<ConstraintViolation<CD>> constr = validator.validateValue(CD.class,
"numberOfCDs", 2);
assertEquals(0, constr.size());
Set<ConstraintViolation<CD>> constr = validator.validateValue(CD.class,
"numberOfCDs", 7);
assertEquals(1, constr.size());
127

javax.validation.ExecutableValidator .
Validator.forExecutables() ExecutableValidator, validateParameters, validateReturnValue, validateConstructorParameters
validateConstructorReturnValue.
calculatePrice, 1.2.
, :
@DecimalMin("1.4").
java.lang.reflect.Method, calculatePrice
Float . ExecutableValidator
validateParameters, ,
( 1.2). , .
CD cd = new CD("Kind of Blue", 12.5f);
Method method = CD.class.getMethod("calculatePrice", Float.class);
ExecutableValidator methodValidator = validator. forExecutables();
Set<ConstraintViolation<CD>> violations = methodValidator.
validateParameters(cd, method,
new Object[]{new Float(1.2)});

. .
,
. , Default. ,
, ,
. ,
(javax.va
lidation.groups.Default). Default , Default
.
3.21 ,
description, Default. (@NotNull @Size(min = 100, max =
5000)) ,
( PrintingCatalog). , CD , ,
Default,
@NotNull, title price.
CD cd = new CD();
cd.setDescription("Best Jazz CD ever");
Set<ConstraintViolation<CD>> violations = validator.validate(cd, Default.
class);
128 3.
:
Default, . ,
:
Set<ConstraintViolation<CD>> violations = validator. validate(cd);
, CD
PrintingCatalog, ,
description, :
CD cd = new CD();
cd.setDescription("Too short");
Set<ConstraintViolation<CD>> violations = validator.validate(cd,
PrintingCatalog.class);

Default PrintingCatalog, (@NotNull
title price, ):
CD cd = new CD();
cd.setDescription("Too short");
Set<ConstraintViolation<CD>> violations = validator.validate(cd, Default.
class, PrintingCatalog.class);

Java-,
,
. CDI JavaSE ( - GlassFish).
, ,
.
.3.2 Customer, (Address). (@NotNull, @Size @Past),
.
:
@Email ,
;
@ZipCode , ZIP- (
). ,
(ZipCodeValidator). : ZipCodeValidator ZipCodeChecker @Inject (CDI- @USA).
, .3.2, Maven :
src/main/java Customer, Address ZipCode
Email;
. 3.2.
129

130 3.
src/main/resources beans.xml,
CDI, ValidationMessages.properties ,
;
src/test/java AddressIT CustomerIT;
.
Customer
CD-Book Store , ,
. ,
. ,
. 3.22
Customer, , (firstname , dateOfBirth ). @Email,
. , String .
3.22. Customer


@NotNull @Size(min = 2)
@Email
private String email;
@Past
private Date dateOfBirth;
private Address deliveryAddress;
// , ,
}
Address
Customer . Address ,
,
: , , , ZIP- . 3.23
Address @NotNull, (street1, city
zipcode), @ZipCode, ZIP-
( ).
3.23. Address .
@ZipCode
public class Address {

@NotNull
private String street1;
131

@NotNull
private String city;
private String state;
@NotNull @ZipCode
private String zipcode;
private String country;
// , ,
}
@Email
@Email ,
. (@Const
raint(validatedBy = {})), (@Pattern) .
3.24 @Email.
3.24.

@Size(min = 7)
@Pattern(regexp = "[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(?:\\."
+ "[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+)*"
+ "@(?:[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?\\.)+[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?")
@ReportAsSingleViolation
@Constraint(validatedBy = {})
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface Email {
String message() default " {org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter03.Email.message}";
@Retention(RUNTIME)
@interface List {
Email[] value();
}
}
: 3.24
, META-INF/ValidationMessages.properties.
org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter03.Email.message=invalid email address
@ZipCode
@ZipCode , @Email. ZIP-
(, ), . ,
ZIP- , ,
, , ZIP-
132 3.
. ZipCode 3.25
(ZipCodeValidator).
3.25. @ZipCode
@Constraint(validatedBy = ZipCodeValidator.class)
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface ZipCode {
String message() default "{org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter03.ZipCode.message}";
@Retention(RUNTIME)
@interface List {
ZipCode[] value();
}
}
3.26 : ZipCode
Validator javax.validation.ConstraintValidator
String. isValid ,
: ZipCodeChecker. ZipCodeChecker ,
. , (@Inject)
CDI (@USA, 3.27). ,
CDI Bean Validation.
3.26. ZipCodeValidator
public class ZipCodeValidator implements ConstraintValidator<ZipCode, String> {

@Inject @USA
private ZipCodeChecker checker;
private Pattern zipPattern = Pattern.compile("\\d{5}(-\\d{5})?");
public void initialize(ZipCode zipCode) {
}
if (value == null)
return true;
Matcher m= zipPattern.matcher(value);
if (!m.matches())
return false;
return checker.isZipCodeValid(value);
}
}
3.27. USACDI
@Qualifier
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface USA {
}
133

, , JPA ( ) JSF ( ).

CustomerIT AddressIT
, ? @Email, , , @ZipCode,
( ).
, ValidatorFactory
Validator, .
3.28 CustomerIT, Customer. Validator (
ValidatorFactory), close() .
: Customer,
, .
3.28. CustomerIT
public class CustomerIT {

private static ValidatorFactory vf;
private static Validator validator;
@BeforeClass
public static void init() {
vf = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory();
validator = vf.getValidator();
}
@AfterClass
public static void close() {
vf.close();
}
@Test
public void shouldRaiseNoConstraintViolation() {
Customer customer = new Customer("John", "Smith", "jsmith@gmail.com");
Set<ConstraintViolation<Customer>> violations = validator.validate(customer);
}
@Test
public void shouldRaiseConstraintViolationCauseInvalidEmail() {
Customer customer = new Customer("", "", "DummyEmail");
Set<ConstraintViolation<Customer>> violations = validator.validate(customer);
assertEquals("invalid email address", violations.iterator().next().
getMessage());
assertEquals("dummy", violations.iterator().next().getInvalidValue());
134 3.
assertEquals("{org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter03.Email.message}",
violations.iterator().next().getMessageTemplate());
}
}
3.29 (Validator
, , ),
Address.
3.29. AddressIT
public class AddressIT {

@Test
public void shouldRaiseConstraintViolationCauseInvalidZipCode() {
ValidatorFactory vf = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory();
Validator validator = vf.getValidator();
Address address = new Address("233 ", "-", "NY",
"DummyZip", "");
Set<ConstraintViolation<Address>> violations =
validator.validate(address);
vf.close();
}
}
Maven
, .
pom.xml 3.20 ,
: Hibernate Validator ( Bean Validation) Weld (
CDI). : pom.xml Failsafe, (
CustomerIT AddressIT).
3.30. pom.xml

<parent>
</parent>
<artifactId>chapter03-putting-together</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
135

<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.0.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jboss.weld.se</groupId>
<artifactId>weld-se</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>verify</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
, , pom.xml, Maven:
$ mvn compile
Maven Failsafe,
:
136 3.
,
, .
, - , API
, .
, , .

. Bean Validation
, , ,
(@Email, @URL, @CreditCard).
Bean Validation
. ,
POJO, . Bean Validation1.1 ,
. , .
,
Java EE, JPA JSF .
4.
Java Persistence API
-, , . ,
, . ,
. :
-,
. ,
(
).
, .
,
. .
- , Java,
. Java ,
. ,
,
. , ,
, , , , ..
,
Java (Java Virtual Machine JVM): Java
, . , .
,
, - .. , , .
- (Object-Relational Mapping
ORM) .

, , , -
, . . , Hibernate, TopLink Java Data
Objects (JDO), Java Persistence API (JPA)
Java EE7.
138 4. Java Persistence API

JPA,
- ,
.

,

. ,
. , , .
. ;
, , ..
, JPA.
, ,
Java Persistence Query Language,
JPQL. - . , ,
. JPA
.
,
. JPA Java-
(Plain Old Java Object POJO). , ,
, Java-. ( ),
.
4.1.
4.1. Book
@Entity
public class Book {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
private Boolean illustrations;
public Book() {
}
// ,
}
4.1 Book,
. , -
139

, , Java-:
(id, title, price ..) (Long, String, Float, Integer Boolean),
,
. ?
.

, @javax.persisten
ce.Entity,
, POJO. , @javax.persistence.Id
. JPA ,
, . 4.1 (title, price, description ..) , .
, , ,
-. ,
Book Java-, - . , ,
.
- @javax.persistence.Entity
( XML- ).
@javax.persistence.Id.
- ,
public protected. -
.
- .
.
- final.
- final.

(, ), Serializable.

Java EE Entity Bean
(- EJB) Entity Bean CMP (Container-Managed Persistence) ( - EJB, )
Enterprise JavaBeans. , J2EE1.3
1.4,
JPA Java EE5. JPA -
EJB .
-
-
( JPA) . ,
,
, . ,
. JPA
? : .
, . . .
, javax.persistence.
XML- ( )
XML-. XML, .
, , , .
Book ( 4.1)
JPA, Book BOOK. , isbn
, ISBN
( , ..).
.4.1, Book BOOK,
(,
isbn, String, , ISBN
VARCHAR).
, .
Java EE5 ( ), -
Java EE7. , , , . , . ,
, ,
. , , .
,
.
Book 4.1
POJO, . :
141

.4.1.
, , , Book
. , , @Entity.
. ,
id ,
@Id,
@GeneratedValue. , ,
, . ,

.
(,
Book BOOK). , @Table,
.

(, id
getId() ID). , @Column.
JDBC Java- . String VARCHAR, Long BIGINT, Boolean SMALLINT
.. , String, 255
(String VARCHAR(255)). , . , String
VARCHAR Derby VARCHAR2,
Oracle. Integer INTEGER
Derby NUMBER Oracle. ,
, persistence.xml,
.
, Book Derby-
, 4.2.
4.2. BOOK
CREATE TABLE BOOK (

ID BIGINT NOT NULL,
TITLE VARCHAR(255),
PRICE FLOAT,
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(255),
ISBN VARCHAR(255),
NBOFPAGE INTEGER,
ILLUSTRATIONS SMALLINT DEFAULT 0,
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
)
JPA2.1 API-
, 4.2. ,
. , .
4.1 . , ,
, .
- ( ).
, -
. JPA . .
,
( ).
, JPA
.
143

JPA . (
XML) , .
NoSQL (Not Only SQL SQL) ( ):
/, , . JPA . Hibernate OGM
, . EclipseLink NoSQL-. Hibernate OGM EclipseLink , ,
NoSQL.

JPA ,
. JPA ,
-
,
. API-,
, javax.persistence.EntityManager.
,
CRUD (create, read,
update, delete , , , ), JPQL. EntityManager , (, EclipseLink).
, EntityManager Book:
EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("chapter04PU");
EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
em.persist(book);
.4.2 ,
( Main)
( Book). , persist() find(),
EntityManager JDBC- SQL (Structured Query
Language ) INSERT SELECT.
. ,
SQL JPA JPQL. (.)
. , H2G2, :
SELECT bFROM Book bWHERE b.title = 'H2G2'
, title Book,
. JPQL- ,
. JPQL-
.4.2.
( ) (
) .
SQL- . ,
, (@NamedQuery),
XML-. JPQL- , ,
Book. 4.3 Book findBookH2G2
@NamedQuery ( 6).
4.3. Book findBookH2G2
@Entity
@NamedQuery(name = "findBookH2G2",
query = "SELECT bFROM Book bWHERE b.title ='H2G2'")
public class Book {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
// , ,
}
EntityManager Java-
. 4.4 , Book, . 1 5.
1. Book .
POJO, . Java
, POJO,
145

new. ,
Book.
2. EntityManager . ,
EntityManager .
EntityManagerFactory chapter04PU.
EntityManagerFactory EntityManager ( em), ( tx) Book.
3. Book . (tx.begin())
EntityManager.persist() Book.
(tx.commit()) .
4. . - EntityManager
Book findBookH2G2.
5. EntityManager EntityManagerFactory.
4.4. Main,
Book
public class Main {

// 1. Book
Book book = new Book("H2G2", " ", 12.5F,
"1-84023-742-2", 354, false);
// 2. EntityManager
EntityManagerFactory emf =
Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("chapter04PU");
// 3. Book
EntityTransaction tx = em.getTransaction();
tx.begin();
em.persist(book);
tx.commit();
// 4.
book = em.createNamedQuery("findBookH2G2", Book.class).getSingleResult();
// 5. EntityManager EntityManagerFactory
em.close();
emf.close();
}
}
SQL- JDBC- 4.4. .4.2, Main

EntityManager ,
,
Book . EntityManager
. EntityManager
SQL-
JDBC-.

JDBC- ?
? ? . Main (. 4.4) EntityManagerFactory,
;
chapter04PU. EntityManager
,
persistence.xml, 4.5
.
4.5. persistence.xml,

<persistence xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd"
version="2.1">
<persistence-unit name="chapter04PU" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<provider>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.PersistenceProvider</provider>
<class>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter04.Book</class>
<properties>
<property name="javax.persistence.schema-generation-action"
value="drop-and-create"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.schema-generation-target"
value="database"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver"
value="org.apache.derby.jdbc.ClientDriver"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url"
value="jdbc:derby://localhost:1527/chapter04DB;create=true"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="APP"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="APP"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
chapter04PU JDBC-
Derby chapter04DB,
1527. (APP) (APP)
URL-. <class>
Book ( , <mapping-file>, <jar-file> <excludeunlisted-classes>).
POJO, .

POJO. EntityManager
POJO, (, ),
147

. (
EntityManager), Java. , (.4.3).
Book new, , JPA (
)
EntityManager, BOOK . EntityManager.remove()
, Java- ,
.
.4.3.
: , ,
, , , . pre
post ( , post). EntityManager
-. 6,
@PrePersist, @PostPersist .. JPA -
, .
( ) ( ).
.
Bean Validation
Bean Validation, , Java EE .
JPA .
Bean Validation . , JPA
Bean Validation pre-persist, pre-update pre-remove. , - validate
Validator .
4.6 Book Bean Validation
(@NotNull @Size). title null, ( EntityManager.persist()),
JPA ConstraintViolation , .
4.6. Bean Validation
@Entity
public class Book {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@NotNull
@Size(min = 10, max = 2000)
// , ,
}
JPA
JPA 1.0 Java EE5 . - . Java EE7 JPA2.1 , .
API- Enterprise JavaBeans,
- JavaSE .
JPA JDBC,
SQL. API-
javax.persistence. JPA.
- ,
, .
149
JPA
API ,
, CRUD-.
JPQL, -
.
, Java Transaction
API (JTA) . JPA
(-JTA) .
-
.
JPA
, - , , Java.
TopLink Smalltalk 1994, Java. - ,
TopLink, Java.
, Java.
-
JDO, .
1998 EJB1.0, J2EE1.2.
, , -. Entity Bean CMP,
EJB1.0 , EJB1.1
EJB2.1 (J2EE1.4).

, .
-
, .
J2EE
,
: Hibernate, ,
- .
Entity CMP 2.x
Hibernate Enterprise Edition Java EE5.
JPA1.0 , Hibernate.
JPA1.0 EJB3.0 (JSR 220). 2009 JPA2.0 (JSR317)
Java EE6 API-, JPQL
, , , ,
Criteria API.
, Java EE7, JPA2.1 . JSR 338.
JPA2.1
JPA 1.0 Entity
CMP 2.x , JPA 2.0 JPA 1.0, JPA2.1 .
JPA2.1 , API-
( persistence.xml).
,
.
CDI .
JPA 2.1
.

Criteria API ;
.
TREAT
.
.4.1 , JPA2.1 .
4.1. JPA-
javax.persistence
API-
-
javax.persistence.criteria
Java Persistence Criteria API
javax.persistence.metamode
Java Persistence Metamodel API
javax.persistence.spi
SPI Java Persistence

EclipseLink 2.5 JPA2.1, . Java- . EclipseLink JPA, XML- Java XML
Binding (JAXB) Service Data Objects (SDO). EclipseLink
- ,
Object XML Mapping (OXM), (Enterprise Information System EIS) c Java EE Connector Architecture (JCA) - .
EclipseLink TopLink Oracle,
Eclipse Foundation 2006. EclipseLink
151

JPA ,
. , .
EclipseLink JPA 2.1.
Hibernate OpenJPA
.

, JPA, EclipseLink, ,
JPQL, ,
. , Book Bean Validation
Main, . Maven
EclipseLink Derby. , , ,
(BookIT) JUnit4 Derby
.
Maven,
, .4.4, :
src/main/java Book Main;
src/main/resources persistence.xml,
Main BookIT, insert.sql;
src/test/java BookIT, ;
pom.xml POM- Maven,
.
.4.4.
Book
Book, 4.7, src/main/java. (title, price ..) (String, Float, Integer Boolean), Bean Validation
(@NotNull @Size), JPA.
@Entity , .
@NamedQueries @NamedQuery , JPQL
.
@Id id .
@GeneratedValue
id .
4.7. Book
package org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter04;
@Entity
@NamedQueries({
@NamedQuery(name = "findAllBooks", query = "SELECT bFROM Book b"),
@NamedQuery(name = "findBookH2G2", query = "SELECT bFROM Book b
WHERE b.title ='H2G2'")
})
public class Book {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@NotNull
@Size(min = 10, max = 2000)
// , ,
}
, ,
. ,
, Book POJO. Main,
Book .
Main
Main, 4.8, ,
Book. , Book ( Java new) .
153

, Java-.
Persistence EntityManagerFactory, chapter04PU, , . EntityManagerFactory
EntityManager ( em). , EntityManager
JPA , , Book EntityManager.persist(),
. main() EntityManager,
EntityManagerFactory , .
4.8. Main, Book
package org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter04;
public class Main {
// Book
Book book = new Book("H2G2", " ",
12.5F, "1-84023-742-2", 354, false);
// EntityManager
EntityManagerFactory emf =
Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("chapter04PU");
// Book
tx.begin();
em.persist(book);
tx.commit();
// EntityManager EntityManagerFactory
em.close();
emf.close();
}
}
- .
, , EntityManager .
BookIT
Entity CMP 2.x
. JPA ,

. ?
.
. ,
, ,
, (
).
.

? ,
findBookH2G2 ? , ?
, ,
. JPA-. CRUD- JPQL-
, (
.jar, ). ,
BookIT Derby.
Maven , , . BookIT,
4.9, src/test/java
, Book , ,
Bean Validation.
4.9. , Book
public class BookIT {

private static EntityManagerFactory emf =
Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("chapter04TestPU");
private EntityTransaction tx;
@Before
public void initEntityManager() throws Exception {
em = emf.createEntityManager();
tx = em.getTransaction();
}
@After
public void closeEntityManager() throws Exception {
if (em != null) em.close();
}
@Test
public void shouldFindjavaee7Book() throws Exception {
Book book = em.find(Book.class, 1001L);
assertEquals(" Java EE7", book.getTitle());
}
@Test
public void shouldCreateH2G2Book() throws Exception {
// Book
12.5F, "1-84023-742-2", 354, false);
// Book
tx.begin();
em.persist(book);
tx.commit();
assertNotNull("ID ", book.getId());
155

//
book = em.createNamedQuery("findBookH2G2", Book.class).getSingleResult();
assertEquals(" ", book.getDescription());
}
@Test(expected = ConstraintViolationException.class)
public void shouldRaiseConstraintViolationCauseNullTitle() {
Book book = new Book(null, " , ", 12.5F,
"1-84023-742-2", 354, false);
em.persist(book);
}
}
Main, BookIT 4.9 EntityManager

EntityManagerFactory. JUnit4. @Before @After
. EntityManager .
shouldFindJavaEE7Book() ,
( inset.sql ), Book 1001 ,
" Java EE7". shouldCreateH2G2Book()
Book ( EntityManager.persist()) ,
EclipseLink ( assertNotNull). ,
, " " Book.
Book Nulltitle, Book , ConstraintViolationException.

Main (. 4.8), EntityManagerFactory
chapter04PU. BookIT
(. 4.9) (chapter04TestPU).
persistence.xml, src/main/resources/META-INF (4.10). , JPA, , JPA
( EclipseLink) (Derby). , (URL-,
JDBC-, , ),
(drop-and-create ,
, ). <provider> , EclipseLink. , . <class> Book.
, chapter04PU Derby, chapter04TestPU ,
. ,
inset.sql .

4.10. persistence.xml

version="2.1">
<properties>
value="database-and-scripts"/>
value="org.apache.derby.jdbc.ClientDriver"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="APP"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="APP"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.sql-load-script-source"
value="insert.sql"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
<persistence-unit name="chapter04TestPU" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<properties>
value="database"/>
value="org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver"/>
value="jdbc:derby:memory:chapter04DB;create=true"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.sql-load-script-source"
value="insert.sql"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
SQL-
, 4.10,
insert.sql ( javax.persistence.sql-loadscript-source).
, , 4.11, .
157

4.11. insert.sql
INSERT INTO BOOK(ID, TITLE, DESCRIPTION, ILLUSTRATIONS, ISBN, NBOFPAGE,

PRICE) values (1000, Java EE 6',
' Java EE', 1, '1234-5678', 450, 49)
PRICE) values (1001, ' Java EE 7', ', ',
1, '5678-9012', 550, 53)
PRICE) values (1010, ' ', '
', 0, '9012-3456', 222, 23)
BookIT (
shouldFindJavaEE7Book), , ,
Book 1001. .

Maven

Main : Book , BookIT
,
Derby. Maven ,
javac. pom.xml, JPA
Bean Validation API. Maven ,
Java SE7, maven-compiler-plugin,
4.12.
4.12. Maven- pom.xml ,

<parent>
<artifactId>parent</artifactId>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>

<groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
<artifactId>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.derby</groupId>
<artifactId>derbyclient</artifactId>
<version>10.9.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.derby</groupId>
<artifactId>derby</artifactId>
<version>10.9.1.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>verify</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
159

</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>java</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<mainClass>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter04.Main</mainClass>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
, , JPA API, ,
javax.persistence. , EclipseLink ( )
org.eclipse.persistence.jpa. , Bean
Validation API hibernate-validator. , JDBC- Derby.
derbyclient .jar, JDBC-
Derby, ( ), derby Derby
. , (<scope>test</scope>),
JUnit4.

, pom.xml, Maven-:
$ mvn compile
BUILD SUCCESS,
, . Maven target
persistence.xml.
Maven, :
Derby
. BookIT,
Maven ,
:

Results :
Tests run: 3, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[INFO] --------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] --------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] Total time: 5.192s
[INFO] Finished
[INFO] Final Memory: 18M/221M
[INFO] ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Main
Maven
Main, Derby.
$DERBY_HOME/bin
startNetworkServer. Derby :
Security manager installed using the Basic server security policy.
Apache Derby Network Server - 10.9.1.0 - (802917) started and ready to accept
connections on port 1527
Derby 1527 , JDBC-

- SQL-. Main java exec-maven-plugin,
:
$ mvn exec:java
Main .
Derby chapter04DB, Book. , persistence.xml
create=true URL- JDBC:
, , SQL- .
javax.persistence.schema-generation-action EclipseLink
BOOK. ,
Book ( ).
Derby- : ij ( $DERBY_HOME/bin
PATH). Derby, ,
chapter04DB (show tables), BOOK (describebook)
, SQL-, SELECT * FROM BOOK.
$ ij
version 10.9.1.0
161

ij> connect 'jdbc:derby://localhost:1527/chapter04DB';
ij> show tables;
TABLE_SCHEM
|TABLE_NAME
|REMARKS
-----------------------------------------------------------------------APP
|BOOK
|
APP
|SEQUENCE
|
ij> describe book;
COLUMN_NAME
|TYPE_NAME|DEC&|NUM&|COLUM&|COLUMN_DEF|CHAR_OCTE&|IS_NULL&
-----------------------------------------------------------------------ID
|BIGINT
|0
|10 |19
|NULL
|NULL
|NO
TITLE
|VARCHAR |NULL|NULL|255
|NULL
|510
|YES
PRICE
|DOUBLE
|NULL|2
|52
|NULL
|NULL
|YES
ILLUSTRATIONS |SMALLINT |0
|10 |5
|0
|NULL
|YES
DESCRIPTION
|NULL
|510
|YES
ISBN
|NULL
|510
|YES
NBOFPAGE
|INTEGER |0
|10 |10
|NULL
|NULL
|YES
Book (.4.7), , ,
@GeneratedValue (
), EclipseLink
( SEQUENCE). BOOK JPA ,
(, String VARCHAR(255)).

persistence.xml , 4.10,
EclipseLink
:
<property name="javax.persistence.schema-generation.database.action"
<property name="javax.persistence.schema-generation.scripts.action"
SQL-: crea
teDDL.jdbc (4.13) SQL-
dropDDL.jdbc (4.14) .
,
.
4.13. createDDL.jdbc
CREATE TABLE BOOK (ID BIGINT NOT NULL, DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(255),

ILLUSTRATIONS SMALLINT DEFAULT 0, ISBN VARCHAR(255),
NBOFPAGE INTEGER, PRICE FLOAT, TITLE VARCHAR(255), PRIMARY KEY (ID))
CREATE TABLE SEQUENCE (SEQ_NAME VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, SEQ_COUNT DECIMAL(15),
PRIMARY KEY (SEQ_NAME))
INSERT INTO SEQUENCE (SEQ_NAME, SEQ_COUNT) values ('SEQ_GEN', 0)

4.14. dropDDL.jdbc
DROP TABLE BOOK

DELETE FROM SEQUENCE WHERE SEQ_NAME = 'SEQ_GEN'
JPA2.1. Java EE7, JPA , ( EJB

CMP2.x). ,
, XML.
, JPA EclipseLink Derby.
, JPA
Derby .
JPA. 5 , , .
6 API , JPQL. , ,
, , .
5.
-
-
(Object-Relational Mapping ORM), .
, JPA . ,
. JPA ,
.
, , ,
. , .
( ).
,
, , , . ,
, ,
.

, Java , , ,
. Java
, .
, , , new.
( ), ,
,
, . Java-
, .
164 5. -

. , (
null , ..).
( Book
BOOK, AncientBook ANCIENTBOOK
..). , , ,

.
@Table
@javax.persistence.Table
, . ,
, , .

@UniqueConstraint @Table.
@Table, . BOOK T_BOOK, , 5.1.
5.1. Book, T_BOOK
@Entity
@Table(name = "t_book")
public class Book {
@Id
private
private
private
private
private
private
private
Long id;
String title;
Float price;
String description;
String isbn;
Integer nbOfPage;
Boolean illustrations;
// , ,
}

@Table (t_book).
( Derby), .
165

@SecondaryTable
, ,
.
, , . @SecondaryTable,
, @SecondaryTables ( s ) . ,
, , ,
( @Column, @Column). 5.2
Address .
5.2. Address,
@Entity
@SecondaryTables({
@SecondaryTable(name = "city"),
@SecondaryTable(name = "country")
})
@Id
private Long id;
@Column(table = "city")
@Column(table = "country")
// , ,
}
Address ( , ADDRESS).
@SecondaryTables ,
: CITY COUNTRY. ,
( @Column(table="ci
ty") @Column(table="country")). .5.1 ,
Address. ,
( ).
- , Derby
(city) (CITY).
166 5. -
.5.1. Address
, , , . , @Table, 5.3.
5.3. T_ADDRESS
@Entity
@Table(name = "t_address")
@SecondaryTables({
@SecondaryTable(name = "t_city"),
@SecondaryTable(name = "t_country")
})
// , , ,
}

. , ,
, . , ,
(Binary Large Object BLOB),
.

. , . ,
( null ).
, , , ISBN. JPA , , -
167

, :
, ( ). , .
@Id @GeneratedValue
( ) -. @Id, ,
. @javax.persistence.Id
. , :
Java-: byte, int, short, long, char;
- Java-: Byte, Integer, Short, Long, Character;
-: int[], Integer[] ..;
, : java.lang.String, java.math.BigInteger , java.util.Date,
java.sql.Date.
,
@GeneratedValue.
:
SEQUENCE IDENTITY SQL-
;
TABLE
, ,
. ,
EclipseLink SEQUENCE : (),
( , Derby);
(AUTO)
,
(EclipseLink TABLE). AUTO @GeneratedValue.
@GeneratedValue ,
, , . , 5.4, , . , GenerationType.AUTO
strategy. , id : @Id @GeneratedValue.
5.4. Book
@Entity
public class Book {
168 5. -
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private Long id;
// , ,
}

. ,
(,
- ,
). , . ,
,
: @EmbeddedId @IdClass. ,
,
.
, CD-BookStore , ,
. , , , (EN ,
PT ..).
,
, . , NewsId , String: title language.
equals()
hashCode() (
, ,
), ,
. , Serializable,
(, ,
),
.
@EmbeddedId. , JPA . , ,
- ( ),
.
169

5.5 NewsId .
( @Embeddable),
(title language).
, , , equals()
hashCode(). , JavaBeans.
( @Id). .
5.5. @Embeddable
@Embeddable
public class NewsId {
private String language;
// , ,
}
News, 5.6,
NewsId @EmbeddedId.
@Id. @EmbeddedId
, @Embeddable.
5.6. @EmbeddedId

@Entity
public class News {
@EmbeddedId
private NewsId id;
private String content;
// , ,
}
, . , , : .
, , ( em), :
NewsId pk = new NewsId("Richard Wright has died on September 2008", "EN")
News news = em.find(News.class, pk);
@IdClass. @IdClass. , - @Id.

NewsId, 5.7, POJO, - (
170 5. -
5.6 @EmbeddedId).
5.7.
public class NewsId {

private String language;
// , ,
}
News, 5.8, @IdClass,

@Id. News title language.
5.8. @IdClass

@Entity
@IdClass(NewsId.class)
public class News {
@Id private String title;
@Id private String language;
// , ,
}
@EmbeddedId @IdClass . 5.9 (Data Definition Language DDL).

, (title language).
5.9. DDL- NEWS
create table NEWS (

CONTENT VARCHAR(255),
TITLE VARCHAR(255) not null,
LANGUAGE VARCHAR(255) not null,
primary key (TITLE, LANGUAGE)
);
@IdClass , @IdClass,
, Java-.
, ( ). , ,
171

,
.
,
JPQL. @IdClass - :
select n.title from News n
@EmbeddedId - :
select n.newsId.title from News n
( ),
. , . Java-,
:
Java- - (int, double, float ..) (Integer,
Double, Float ..);
(byte[], Byte[], char[], Character[]);
, , (java.lang.String,
java.math.BigInteger, java.math.BigDecimal, java.util.Date, java.util.Calendar, ja
va.sql.Date, java.sql.Time, java.sql.Timestamp);
, , Serializable;
.
, ,
. ( ).
,
. .
JPA ( XML-).
@Basic
@javax.persistence.Basic (5.10) , , .
5.10. @Basic
@Target({METHOD, FIELD}) @Retention(RUNTIME)

public @interface Basic {
FetchType fetch() default EAGER;
boolean optional() default true;
}
172 5. -
: optional fetch. optional , null .
. fetch : LAZY EAGER.
,
(
) ( ).
, , Track, 5.11. CD-
, , WAV-
, . WAV-
BLOB-, . ,
Track WAV- ;
@Basic(fetch = FetchType.LAZY),
(,
wav ).
5.11. Entity wav
@Entity
public class Track {
@Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private Long id;
private Float duration;
@Basic(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@Lob
private byte[] wav;
}
// , ,
, wav byte[]
@Lob (Large Object LOB). , , JDBC- Java-.
@Lob.
@Column
@javax.persistence.Column, 5.12,
. (
), ( ) null,
. 5.12 API-
@Column .
5.12. @Column

public @interface Column {
173

String name() default "";

boolean unique() default false;
boolean nullable() default true;
boolean insertable() default true;
boolean updatable() default true;
String columnDefinition() default "";
String table() default "";
int length() default 255;
int precision() default 0; //
int scale() default 0;
//
Book
(.5.1) @Column
(5.13). , title nbOfPage
description null. ,
(, length , scale precision
).
5.13. Book
@Entity
public class Book {
@Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private Long id;
@Column(name = "book_title", nullable = false, updatable = false)
@Column(length = 2000)
@Column(name = "nb_of_page", nullable = false)
// , ,
}
Book 5.13 , 5.14.

5.14. BOOK
create table BOOK (

ID BIGINT not null,
BOOK_TITLE VARCHAR(255) not null,
PRICE DOUBLE(52, 0),
ISBN VARCHAR(255),
NB_OF_PAGE INTEGER not null,
ILLUSTRATIONS SMALLINT,
primary key (ID)
);
174 5. -
@Column .
description 2000,
2000. updatable insertable
true, , , .
false, ,
, . , ,
. -
, .
, SQL- (INSERT
UPDATE) . ,
, .

3, Bean Validation Java. @NotNull Java-,
, null. ,
JPA @Column(nullable = false)
. JPA Bean Validation .
@Temporal
Java java.util.Date java.util.Calendar,
, ,
, , , .
- ,
@javax.persistence.Temporal. : DATE, TIME
TIMESTAMP (, , ). 5.15
Customer, dateOfBirth, , ( TIMESTAMP).
5.15. Customer @Temporal
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
// , ,
}
175

Customer 5.15 ,
5.16. dateOfBirth DATE ,
creationDate TIMESTAMP.
5.16. CUSTOMER
create table CUSTOMER (

ID BIGINT not null,
FIRSTNAME VARCHAR(255),
LASTNAME VARCHAR(255),
EMAIL VARCHAR(255),
PHONENUMBER VARCHAR(255),
DATEOFBIRTH DATE,
CREATIONDATE TIMESTAMP,
primary key (ID)
);
@Transient
JPA, @Entity,
. ,
, @javax.per
sistence.Transient Java- transient. , Customer age (5.17). ,
age , , .
5.17. Customer age
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@Transient
private Integer age;
// , ,
}
age - AGE.
@Enumerated
Java SE5 ,
, .
, , .
176 5. -
,
. 5.18 CreditCardType.
5.18. CreditCardType
public enum CreditCardType {

VISA,
MASTER_CARD,
AMERICAN_EXPRESS
}
,
, 0 VISA, 1 MASTER_CARD 2 AMERICAN_EXPRESS.

, , Integer. , 5.19, CreditCard,
.
5.19.
@Entity
@Table(name = "credit_card")
public class CreditCard {
@Id
private String expiryDate;
private Integer controlNumber;
private CreditCardType creditCardType;
// , ,
}
,
, . ,
.
, , , , .
. , @Enumerated STRING (
ORDINAL), 5.20.
5.20. STRING
@Entity
@Table(name = "credit_card")
@Id
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private CreditCardType creditCardType;
177

// , ,
}
CreditCardType VARCHAR, Visa "VISA".

(@Entity @Table) (@Basic, @Column, @Temporal ..), ,
( ), ( ). , @Id id getId().
, ( ),
, , .
, .
, . (, )
, .

Java . ( ) , JavaBean
( getXXX, setXXX isXXX Boolean).
()
() . : , ,
(,
, -). ,
, . (5.21) .
5.21. Customer
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@Column(name = "first_name", nullable = false, length = 50)
@Column(name = "last_name", nullable = false, length = 50)
@Column(name = "phone_number", length = 15)
// , ,
}
178 5. -
, 5.22, , . , @Transient, .
5.22. Customer
@Entity
private Long id;
//
@Id @GeneratedValue
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getPhoneNumber() {
return phoneNumber;
}
public void setPhoneNumber(String phoneNumber) {
this.phoneNumber = phoneNumber;
}
}
5.21 5.22 , .
179

@javax.persistence.Access.
FIELD PROPERTY, /
. , @Access(AccessType.FIELD)
, . @Access(AccessTy
pe.PROPERTY).
(,
), . 5.23 ,
.
5.23. Customer,

@Entity
@Access(AccessType.FIELD)
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
// , ,
@Access(AccessType.PROPERTY)
public String getPhoneNumber() {
return phoneNumber;
}
public void setPhoneNumber(String phoneNumber) {
this.phoneNumber = phoneNumber;
}
}
, 5.23, FIELD . PersistenceManager

, , . phoneNumber @Column,
length 15. , ,
VARCHAR(15), . - ,
getPhoneNumber() ,
length phoneNumber ( 555).
AccessType.FIELD AccessType.PROPERTY.
VARCHAR(555).
180 5. -

Java.
( ). , ,
. , ,
. , Java- . ,
Java-, String Integer?
JPA2.0,
.
@ElementCollection @CollectionTable.
@ElementCollection ,
java.util.Collection (
, ) (
).
:
java.util.Collection ;
java.util.Set , -;
java.util.List , ,
, .
, @CollectionTable ( ,
), .
, .
-, - Book, ,
. . ,
, Book
. ,
Book ,
5.24.
5.24. Book
@Entity
public class Book {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
181

@ElementCollection(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@CollectionTable(name = "Tag")
@Column(name = "Value")
private List<String> tags = new ArrayList<>();
// , ,
}
@ElementCollection, 5.24, , tags

, . @CollectionTable
BOOK_TAGS (
, ),
TAG, name (name = "Tag"). ,
@Column, VALUE ( , , TAGS).
.5.2.
.5.2. BOOK TAG

JPA 1.0 . , BLOB, . ? , java.util.ArrayList
Serializable, JPA
BLOB-. , java.util.List,
, Serializable. @ElementCollection
.

(
, Java
Ruby, PHP).

, . JPA1.0
,
.
, ,
. .
182 5. -
, @ElementCollection
@CollectionTable ,
.
.
CD-, (5.25).
( , ..).
,
( ), ( ).
5.25. CD-
@Entity
public class CD {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@Lob
private byte[] cover;
@ElementCollection
@CollectionTable(name="track")
@MapKeyColumn (name = "position")
@Column(name = "title")
private Map<Integer, String> tracks = new HashMap<>();
// , ,
}
, @ElementCollection
, . @Col
lectionTable TRACK.
: @Map
KeyColumn. .
,
_KEY. 5.25 ,
POSITION, , (TRACK_KEY).
@Column , , , TITLE. .5.3.
.5.3. CD TRACK
183
XML
XML
, , XML-.
- Hibernate,
, XML . XML-, . JPA XML .
XML-, (
,
XML-). , ,
, XML-, , .
12 XML- - JPA2.1, XML.
XML- .
, XML-
, , XML .

XML-
, XML.
: XML
? , , . (,
), , . ,
, (,
, ). , JPA
. , ..
.
XML- ( ),
.
Book. ,
Book BOOK
BOOK_XML_MAPPING . @Entity (5.26) , ( @Table
). @Id , @Column
500.
184 5. -
5.26. Book
@Entity
public class Book {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
// , ,
}
book_mapping.xml (5.27),
XML-, .
<table> , (BOOK_XML_MAPPING BOOK ). <attributes>
, ,
. , title (nbOfPage).
5.27. META-INF/book_mapping.xml

<entity-mappings xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/orm"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/orm
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/orm_2_1.xsd"
version="2.1">
<entity class="org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter05.Book">
<table name="book_xml_mapping"/>
<attributes>
<basic name="title">
<column name="book_title" nullable="false" updatable="false"/>
</basic>
<basic name="description">
<column length="2000"/>
</basic>
<basic name="nbOfPage">
<column name="nb_of_page" nullable="false"/>
</basic>
</attributes>
</entity>
</entity-mappings>
, XML
. description @Column(length
= 500), , book_mapping.xml
185
XML
(.5.27). 2000. ,
500,
DDL- 2000. XML-
.
XML- ,
Book BOOK_XML_MAPPING,
5.28.
XML, <xml-mappingmetadata-complete> book_mapping.xml (
, XML ).
5.28. BOOK_XML_MAPPING
create table BOOK_XML_MAPPING (

ID BIGINT not null,
BOOK_TITLE VARCHAR(255) not null,
NB_OF_PAGE INTEGER not null,
ISBN VARCHAR(255),
primary key (ID)
);
, .
book_mapping.xml persistence.xml,
<mapping-file>. , . ,
XML- . Book XML- META-INF,
(5.29).
5.29. persistence.xml

<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd"
version="2.1">
<mapping-file>META-INF/book_mapping.xml</mapping-file>
<properties>

</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
186 5. -

,
@EmbeddedId. ,
;
.
, .

. ,
. ( ),
, .
. @Embeddable, , , @Embedded.
, , , , .
Customer (5.31), : Customer Address. Address
, Customer,
, (5.30).
5.30. Address
@Embeddable
// , ,
}
5.30, Address , . @Embeddable , Address

- ( ).
, Customer
@Embedded, , Address ,
(. 5.31).
5.31. Customer Address
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
187

@Embedded
private Address address;
// , ,
}
Address
Customer. , 5.32.
,
( @AttributeOverrides).
5.32. CUSTOMER Address

ID BIGINT not null,
EMAIL VARCHAR(255),
STREET2 VARCHAR(255),
ZIPCODE VARCHAR(255),
STATE VARCHAR(255),
COUNTRY VARCHAR(255),
CITY VARCHAR(255),
primary key (ID)
);

,
. JPA 2.1 .
, ( , ).
. -, .
, ,
. @Access.
Customer (5.33) Address (5.34)
.
5.33. Customer ,
@Entity
@Access(AccessType.FIELD)
@Id @GeneratedValue
188 5. -
private Long id;

@Embedded
// , ,
5.34. ,
@Embeddable
@Access(AccessType.PROPERTY)
//
@Column(nullable = false)
public String getStreet1() {
return street1;
}
public void setStreet1(String street1) {
this.street1 = street1;
}
public String getStreet2() {
return street2;
}
public void setStreet2(String street2) {
this.street2 = street2;
}
@Column(nullable = false, length = 50)
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
@Column(length = 3)
public String getState() {
return state;
}
public void setState(String state) {
this.state = state;
}
189

@Column(name = "zip_code", length = 10)
public String getZipcode() {
return zipcode;
}
public void setZipcode(String zipcode) {
this.zipcode = zipcode;
}
public String getCountry() {
return country;
}
public void setCountry(String country) {
this.country = country;
}
}
, ,
. ,
, Order, .5.4. Address
Customer Order.
.5.4. Address Customer Order
: Customer , Order .
-,
, Address ,
. , Address
.

, . . - . @Access ,
.

- . ,
,
190 5. -
.
.
, . ( ) ( ). Java
(.) . , customer.getAddress().getCountry(),
Customer Address,
Country.
(Unified Modeling Language UML)
, . .5.5 Class1 ()
Class2 (), .
.5.5.
.
.5.6, Class1 Class2
. Java Class1 Class2
Class2 Class1.
.5.6.
( ).
,
. UML-, .5.7, , Class1
Class2.
.5.7.
UML
. , 0..1 ,
; 1 , ;
1..* , , 3..6 -
191

, . Java , , java.util.Col
lection, java.util.Set, java.util.List java.util.Map.
( ). : , .5.5 Class1 , ,
.5.6, . ,
( ).
, JPA.

-, , , ( ),
, , .
, . JPA

. :
( ) .
, , .
, .
5.33 5.34 , . Java
Customer Address.
CUSTOMER, ADDRESS ( ), .5.8.
.5.8.
.
CUSTOMER, .5.9, ADDRESS.

.

,
( ).
192 5. -
.5.9.

. , JPA
.

JPA. .
, -. JPA ,
. , , JPA
, . JPA , ,
, .
,
, .
: @OneToOne,
@OneToMany, @ManyToOne @ManyToMany.
. .5.1 .
5.1.
193

, ,
. ,
, .
, . .
, , .

.
; .
,
, ,
, .
Customer Address
(.5.10).
. Customer .
, CUSTOMER
( ), ADDRESS, , . ,
,
Customer ( ).
.5.10. Customer Address
, .
Address Customer,
,
194 5. -
Customer Address (.5.11). , UML-
, .
.5.11. Customer Address
Java-
, . ,
(.5.12).
.5.12. ,
?
?
?
, , , mappedBy @OneToOne, @OneToMany @ManyToMany. mappedBy , .
Java- ( )
( ). .5.13,
: Customer , @OneToOne, Address Customer,
.
, CUSTOMER ADDRESS. CUSTOMER
, ADDRESS.
195

.5.13. Customer Address .

.5.13 @OneToOne Address

mappedBy. Address ,
mappedBy. mappedBy , (address) . ,
Customer @JoinColumn address_fk.
Customer , ,
. Address ,
( CUSTOMER ADDRESS_FK).
mappedBy @OneToOne, @OneToMany
@ManyToMany, @ManyToOne. mappedBy
. ,
,
. ,
.

Hibernate,
JPA- mappedBy Hibernate- inverse.
196 5. -
@OneToOne
1, . , ,
( 1). Customer () Address (), , .
, .5.14, (,
, ).
.5.14.
Java , Customer
Address (5.35), Address Customer (5.36).
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
// , ,
}
5.36. Address
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
197

// , ,
}
5.35 5.36, : @Entity @Id @GeneratedValue

.
,
( customer, address). , Address
Customer . ,
, @OneToOne, (5.37 5.38).
5.37. CUSTOMER ADDRESS

ID BIGINT not null,
EMAIL VARCHAR(255),
ADDRESS_ID BIGINT,
primary key (ID),
foreign key (ADDRESS_ID) references ADDRESS(ID)
);
5.38. ADDRESS
create table ADDRESS (

ID BIGINT not null,
CITY VARCHAR(255),
STATE VARCHAR(255),
ZIPCODE VARCHAR(255),
COUNTRY VARCHAR(255),
primary key (ID)
);
, JPA, ,
. , ADDRESS_ID (5.37),
( address), _
( ADDRESS). , DDL- ADDRESS_ID
nullable, ,
( null) .
.
@OneToOne ( ).
, , ,
198 5. -
. 5.39 API- @OneToOne.
5.39. API- @OneToOne

public @interface OneToOne {
Class targetEntity() default void.class;
CascadeType[] cascade() default {};
FetchType fetch() default EAGER;
boolean optional() default true;
String mappedBy() default "";
boolean orphanRemoval() default false;
}
@JoinColumn ( API-
API- @Column 5.12).
, .
5.40 , .
5.40. Customer
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@OneToOne (fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name = "add_fk", nullable = false)
// , ,
}
JPA . @JoinColumn
. 5.40 ADD_FK, ,
, null (nullable=false). @OneToOne ,
( ).
@OneToMany
, -
-. ,
(.5.15). @ManyToOne, , . Order , OrderLine
.
199

.5.15.
,
Order OrderLine. Java
Collection, List Set java.util. 5.41
Order
OrderLine (5.42).
5.41. Order orderLines
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
// , ,
}
5.42. OrderLine
@Entity
@Table(name = "order_line")
public class OrderLine {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
private String item;
private Double unitPrice;
private Integer quantity;
// , ,
}
Order 5.41 - . ,
, .

.
ORDER ,
, ORDER_LINE. , _.
ORDER_ORDER_LINE,
, .5.16.
200 5. -
.5.16. ORDER ORDER_LINE

, JPA
.
, _ , .
@JoinColumn
, @JoinTable (5.43)
, .
@OneToMany (5.44), , @OneToOne,
( fetch ..).
5.43. API- @JoinTable

public @interface JoinTable {
String catalog() default "";
String schema() default "";
JoinColumn[] joinColumns() default {};
JoinColumn[] inverseJoinColumns() default {};
UniqueConstraint[] uniqueConstraints() default {};
Index[] indexes() default {};
}
5.44. Order
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@OneToMany
@JoinTable(name = "jnd_ord_line",
joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "order_fk"),
inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "order_line_fk") )
// , ,
}
201

API- @JoinTable 5.42
@JoinColumn: joinColumns inverseJoinColumns. . joinColumns ( )
ORDER. inverseJoinColumns ,
, ORDER_LINE.
Order (5.44)
@OneToMany @JoinTable orderLines,
JND_ORD_LINE ( ORDER_ORDER_LINE), .
Order 5.44 , 5.45.
5.45. ORDER ORDER_LINE
create table JND_ORD_LINE (

ORDER_FK BIGINT not null,
ORDER_LINE_FK BIGINT not null,
primary key (ORDER_FK, ORDER_LINE_FK),
foreign key (ORDER_LINE_FK) references ORDER_LINE(ID),
foreign key (ORDER_FK) references ORDER(ID)
);
, (,
) , . Order @JoinColumn @JoinTable, , 5.46.
5.46. Order
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
@JoinColumn(name = "order_fk")
// , ,
}
OrderLine ( 5.46) .
, 5.46 @OneToMany fetch ( LAZY EAGER). @JoinColumn
. ORDER_FK
(ORDER_LINE). ,
.5.17. ,
ORDER_FK.
202 5. -
.5.17. ORDER ORDER_LINE
@ManyToMany
, .
, CD- , CD-. Java
.
( ). , , (
mappedBy).
, Artist ,
, (5.47) CD, , mappedBy
@ManyToMany. mappedBy ,
appearsOnCDs .
5.47. CD-
@Entity
public class CD {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@ManyToMany(mappedBy = "appearsOnCDs")
private List<Artist> createdByArtists;
// , ,
}
, Artist ,
5.48,
@JoinTable @JoinColumn.
5.48. CD-
@Entity
public class Artist {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
203

@ManyToMany
@JoinTable(name = "jnd_art_cd",
joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "artist_fk"),
inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "cd_fk"))
private List<CD>appearsOnCDs;
// , ,
}
5.48, Artist CD
JND_ART_CD, (
@JoinTable ). joinColumns
(Artist), inverseJoinColumns (CD). .5.18.
.5.18. ARTIST, CD
,
.
, ,
mappedBy. ,
, . : ARTIST CD ARTIST_CD CD_
ARTIST. mappedBy .

, (@OneToOne, @OneToMany, @ManyToOne @ManyToMany),
, ,

.
, .
, , ( )
( ). .
204 5. -
,
( , ).
(.5.19) EAGER. , , Class1 ( ),
. .
.5.19. EAGER
,
fetch, (.5.20).
Class1 ( , , Class1).
Class2 (, -),
..
,
.
.5.20. LAZY
, EAGER , LAZY . EAGER

( , , ). LAZY , ,
.
.
fetch , , ,
.
fetch , , ,
, (.5.2).
5.2.
@OneToOne
EAGER
@ManyToOne
EAGER
@OneToMany
LAZY
@ManyToMany
LAZY
205

, , , fetch
@OneToMany EAGER (5.49).
5.49. Order EAGER OrderLine
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
// , ,
}

. Java .
- . , ,
, JPQL- ORDER BY. JPA , , .
@OrderBy
@OrderBy.
, .
CD-BookStore . ,
(5.50).
, .
5.50. Comment postedDate
@Entity
public class Comment {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
private String nickname;
private Integer note;
@Column(name = "posted_date")
private Date postedDate;
// , ,
}
206 5. -
Comment,
5.50. content, ( nickname), , ,
postedDate TIMESTAMP, . News, 5.51,

. @OrderBy
@OneToMany.
5.51. , News,

@Entity
public class News {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@OrderBy("postedDate DESC")
private List<Comment> comments;
// , ,
}
@OrderBy ,
( postedDate), (
). ASC DESC , . @OrderBy . ,
OrderBy("postedDate DESC, note ASC").
@OrderBy .

ORDER BY .
@OrderColumn
JPA1.0 @OrderBy,
. JPA 2.0 @OrderColumn ( API- API-
@Column 5.12). ,
, . @OrderColumn
.
News Comment .
Comment, 5.52,
postedDate , ,
.
207

5.52. Comment postedDate
@Entity
public class Comment {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
private String nickname;
private Integer note;
// , ,
}
News
( 5.53) @OrderColumn.
News
.
5.53.
@Entity
public class News {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@OrderColumn(name = "posted_index")
private List<Comment> comments;
// , ,
}
5.53 @OrderColumn POSTED_

INDEX. , _ORDER (COMMENTS_
ORDER ). .
, :
create table NEWS_COMMENT (
NEWS_ID BIGINT not null,
COMMENTS_ID BIGINT not null,
POSTED_INDEX INTEGER
);
, ,
; @OrderColumn,
. ,
.
,
.
,
, ,
208 5. -
, . @OrderColumn
@OrderBy. ,
.

- . C++ , Java . -
, , .
, . . ,
. .
? JPA
.

( ).

, , .

.

JPA 2.1
. ,
.
, JPA 2.1
, , , . @Inheritance . JPA
, .
,
.

, , JPA
. -
209

. , strategy @Inheritance, , javax.persistence.InheritanceType .

. ,
, CD Book, Item
(.5.21).
.5.21. CD, Book Item
Item id, title, description

price. CD Book Item.
, isbn
Book totalDuration, CD.

. . , @Inheritance (
), Item (5.54).
5.54. Item
@Entity
public class Item {
@Id @GeneratedValue
protected Long id;
// , ,
}
210 5. -
Item (.5.54) Book
(5.55) CD (5.56). Item,
,
@Inheritance.
5.55. Book Item
@Entity
public class Book extends Item {
private String publisher;
// , ,
}
5.56. CD Item
@Entity
// , ,
}
, ,
, -.
,
ITEM. .5.22.
.5.22. ITEM
211

.5.22, ITEM Item, Book CD. ,
- DTYPE.
ITEM , , CD. ,
. ,
(Item, Book CD) ITEM.
,
.
.5.23 ITEM . ,
;
. ,
Item ( DTYPE).
Item , (.5.53),
, ISBN- .. .
.5.23. ITEM,
DTYPE, String ( VARCHAR) .

, @DiscriminatorColumn
.
, ,
@DiscriminatorValue.
5.57 DISC (
DTYPE), String Char. Item I, Book
B(5.58) CD C(5.59).
5.57. Item
@Entity
@Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.SINGLE_TABLE)
@DiscriminatorColumn (name="disc",
discriminatorType = DiscriminatorType.CHAR)
212 5. -
@DiscriminatorValue("I")
public class Item {
@Id @GeneratedValue
protected Long id;
// , ,
}
5.58. Book B@Entity
@DiscriminatorValue("B")
// , ,
}
5.59. CD C@Entity
@DiscriminatorValue("C")
// , ,
}
Item
@DiscriminatorColumn.
I @DiscriminatorValue. .
.5.24. , .5.23.
.5.24. ITEM,
213

, .
- :
, . ,
null. Book, ISBN-, , , CD-, CD .

. ,
, , . , (
) ,
. , , .
,
@Inheritance, 5.60 ( CD Book
, ).
5.60. Item
@Entity
@Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.JOINED)
public class Item {
@Id @GeneratedValue
protected Long id;
// , ,
}
, ,
, , . .5.25 , Item, Book CD.
- @DiscriminatorColumn @Disc
riminatorValue ( DTYPE ITEM).
,
, .
. , .
214 5. -
,
. , ,
. .
, , , .

(
),
, . , . ,
, .
, . ,
.

TABLE_PER_CLASS @Inheritance (5.61)
(Item).
5.61. Item
@Entity
@Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.TABLE_PER_CLASS)
public class Item {
@Id @GeneratedValue
protected Long id;
// , ,
}
.5.26 ITEM, BOOK CD. , BOOK CD

ID, TITLE, PRICE DESCRIPTION ITEM.
, .
, , ,
@Table.

, :
.5.26. ITEM BOOK CD
.5.25.
215

216 5. -
. , , (,
, CD- ). UNION, ,
. JPA2.1 .

.
. , , ? JPA @AttributeOverride @AttributeOverrides,
.
ID, TITLE DESCRIPTION BOOK CD,
Item ,
@AttributeOverride Book (5.62) CD (5.63).
5.62. Book , Item
@Entity
@AttributeOverrides({
@AttributeOverride(name = "id",
column = @Column(name = "book_id")),
@AttributeOverride(name = "title",
column = @Column(name = "book_title")),
@AttributeOverride(name = "description",
column = @Column(name = "book_description"))
})
// , ,
}
5.63. CD , Item
@Entity
@AttributeOverrides({
@AttributeOverride(name = "id",
column = @Column(name = "cd_id")),
@AttributeOverride(name = "title",
column = @Column(name = "cd_title")),
@AttributeOverride(name = "description",
column = @Column(name = "cd_description"))
})
217

// , ,
}
,
@AttributeOverrides,
@AttributeOverride.
Item @Column.
, name = "title" title Item, @Column(name =
"cd_title") , title CD_TITLE. .5.27.

, (Address
Customer Order). , ,
. , @AttributeOverrides ,
.

, ,
. Item, Book CD, .
.
: , ,
( ),
.
.

Item
. @Entity abstract,
.
,
new.
(Book CD) . .
Java, .
,
, , ,
, POJO. , ,
.5.27. BOOK CD ITEM
218 5. -
219

. ,
? , .
, ,
. ,
, ,
(, , , @Entity).
, Book (5.65)
Item , ( Item ),
5.64.
5.64. Item POJO @Entity
public class Item {

// , ,
}
Book (. 5.65) Item, Java-

title, price description,
, , -, . Item
.
5.65. Book POJO
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
// , ,
}
Book Item.
Book. Item , 5.66, . Book, Book,
(title, price, isbn, publisher ..),
Book (id, isbn ..).
5.66. BOOK Item
create table BOOK (

ID BIGINT not null,
220 5. -
ISBN VARCHAR(255),
NBOFPAGE INTEGER,
PUBLISHER VARCHAR(255),
primary key (ID)
);

JPA , ,
,
, . . ,
- ,
,
, . ,
. , ,
@MappedSuperclass.
Item @Mapped
Superclass, @Entity, 5.67. (JOINED), @Column. ,
, @Table.
5.67. Item
@MappedSuperclass
@Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.JOINED)
public class Item {
@Id @GeneratedValue
protected Long id;
@Column(length = 50, nullable = false)
// , ,
}
5.67, title description

@Column. 5.68 Book, Item.
5.68. Book Item
@Entity
// , ,
}
221
. Item . Item Book

BOOK, ,
. @Column Item . ,
, , , ,
. 5.69 BOOK TITLE DESCRIPTION.
5.69. BOOK Item
create table BOOK (

ID BIGINT not null,
TITLE VARCHAR(50) not null,
ISBN VARCHAR(255),
NBOFPAGE INTEGER,
PUBLISHER VARCHAR(255),
primary key (ID)
);
,
.
, ( @Entity), ( @Id), JPA .
,
, . JPA -
( XML-).

(@Basic, @Temporal ..) .
@Transient. JPA,
.
- (@OneToOne, @ManyToMany ..) .
(@Inheritance, @MappedSuperclass ..),
, ,
.
JPA,
, . :
.
6.

Java Persistence API .

.
, JPA
XML-. JPA , ( ) ().
.
JPA
. JPA
. API- , , . JPQL-, ,
.
.
.
(, , ), . , , , SQL-
.. , ,
. Java, , ,
(SQL), , , (Java).
Java Persistence Query Language.
JPQL , JPA ,
. JPQL
SQL, -, . JPQL
,
. (.) ,
Java-.
, . , , ,
223

(CRUD) , JPQL. , JPA
.
, JPA -,
.

JPA. ,
. .
,
, JPQL- .
, , . POJO-
( ). JPA , , . ,
, ,
. ( ),
Java-,
(, JavaServer Faces JSF ) .
, . , , SQL-.
javax.persistence.EntityManager API- ( 6.1).
6.1. API- EntityManager
public interface EntityManager {

// EntityManagerFactory EntityManager,
// ,
EntityManagerFactory getEntityManagerFactory();
void close();
boolean isOpen();
// EntityTransaction
EntityTransaction getTransaction();
// , ,
224 6.
//
void persist(Object entity);
<T> Tmerge(Tentity);
void remove(Object entity);
//
// ( )
<T> Tfind(Class<T> entityClass, Object primaryKey);
<T> Tfind(Class<T> entityClass, Object primaryKey, LockModeType lockMode);
<T> TgetReference(Class<T> entityClass, Object primaryKey);
// ,
// (, ...)
void lock(Object entity, LockModeType lockMode);
//
void flush();
void setFlushMode(FlushModeType flushMode);
FlushModeType getFlushMode();
// ,
//
void refresh(Object entity);
void refresh(Object entity, LockModeType lockMode);
// , ,
void clear();
void detach(Object entity);
boolean contains(Object entity);
// EntityManager
void setProperty(String propertyName, Object value);
Map<String, Object> getProperties();
// Query TypedQuery JPQL-
Query createQuery(String qlString);
<T> TypedQuery<T> createQuery(CriteriaQuery<T> criteriaQuery);
<T> TypedQuery<T> createQuery(String qlString, Class<T> resultClass);
// Query TypedQuery
Query createNamedQuery(String name);
<T> TypedQuery<T> createNamedQuery(String name, Class<T> resultClass);
// TypedQuery SQL-
Query createNativeQuery(String sqlString);
Query createNativeQuery(String sqlString, Class resultClass);
Query createNativeQuery(String sqlString, String resultSetMapping);
// StoredProcedureQuery
StoredProcedureQuery createStoredProcedureQuery(String procedureName);
225

StoredProcedureQuery createNamedStoredProcedureQuery(String name);
// Metamodel CriteriaBuilder
// (, )
CriteriaBuilder getCriteriaBuilder();
Metamodel getMetamodel();
Query createQuery(CriteriaUpdate updateQuery);
Query createQuery(CriteriaDelete deleteQuery);
// , JTA- ,
//
void joinTransaction();
boolean isJoinedToTransaction();
// EntityManager
<T> Tunwrap(Class<T> cls);
Object getDelegate();
// EntityGraph
<T> EntityGraph<T> createEntityGraph(Class<T> rootType);
EntityGraph<?> createEntityGraph(String graphName);
<T> EntityGraph<T> getEntityGraph(String graphName);
<T> List<EntityGraph<? super T>> getEntityGraphs(Class<T> entityClass);
}
API- 6.1, . , EntityManager.

, , . , ( 7 EJB-) ,
. , , , . ,
commit rollback, ,
.
, EntityManager
(, ).
, 6.2, , , JavaSE, .
Persistence EntityManagerFactory, (chapter06PU ),
EntityManager. , , ,
(
) .
226 6.
6.2. Main,
EntityManagerFactory
public class Main {

// Book
Book book = new Book ("H2G2", " ",
12.5F, "1-84023-742-2", 354, false);
//
EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("chap
ter06PU");
// Book
tx.begin();
em.persist(book);
tx.commit();
//
em.close();
emf.close();
}
}
, ,
EntityManagerFactory. , , ,
EJB-. Java EE @PersistenceContext JNDI-. , ( , EJB-, - ..),
EntityManager, . 6.3 EJB- , chapter06PU.
6.3. EJB-

@Stateless
public void createBook() {
// Book
12.5F, "1-84023-742-2", 354, false);
// Book
em.persist(book);
227

}
}
6.2 , 6.3, . -, Persistence EntityManagerFactory,

EntityManager. ( ). -,
EJB- ,
commit rollback.
EntityManager 7.

2, ,
@Inject EntityManager,
( @Produces).

API- ,
: .
, . :

. , Book 12 , Book
. , , ,
.

javax.persistence.EntityManager. ,
persist(), , , , . ,
. .
, ,
. , .
, .6.1, , , .
,
, . 1
12 56,
. 2 12 34.
, 12 . ,
228 6.
, ,
. , .
.6.1. ,
Entity
ManagerFactory, . , , ,
. , . persistence.xml (6.4), META-INF, , (chapter06PU)
.
6.4. ,

version="2.1">
<class>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter06.Customer</class>
<class>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter06.Address</class>
229

<properties>
<property name="javax.persistence.schema-generation.database.action"
value="org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver"/>
value="jdbc:derby:memory:chapter06DB;create=true"/>
<property name="eclipselink.logging.level" value="INFO"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>

. , <class> ,
, , , ,
( ). ,
, (transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL").
7, , , persistence.xml

JTA (transaction-type="JTA").
JPA2.1 persistence.xml
(.6.1). javax.persistence, javax.persisten
ce.jdbc.url. , JPA
, eclipselink
(, eclipselink.logging.level).
6.1. JPA
javax.persistence.jdbc.driver
javax.persistence.jdbc.url
URL-
javax.persistence.jdbc.user
javax.persistence.jdbc.password
javax.persistence.database-product-name
(,
Derby)
javax.persistence.database-major-version
javax.persistence.database-minor-version
javax.persistence.ddl-create-script-source
javax.persistence.ddl-drop-script-source
javax.persistence.sql-load-script-source
230 6.
6.1 ()
javax.persistence.schema-generation.data
base.action
,
(none, create, drop-and-create, drop)
javax.persistence.schema-generation.scripts.
action
, DDL-
(none, create, drop-and-create, drop)
javax.persistence.lock.timeout
javax.persistence.query.timeout
javax.persistence.validation.group.pre-persist
,
pre-persist
javax.persistence.validation.group.pre-update ,
pre-update
javax.persistence.validation.group.pre-remove ,
pre-remove

, JPQL-.
(Data Access Object DAO), CRUD- (.6.2).
6.2.
void persist(Object entity)
,
,
<T> Tfind(Class<T> entityClass, Object

primaryKey)
<T> TgetReference(Class<T> entityClass,

Object primaryKey)
void remove(Object entity)
<T> Tmerge(Tentity)
void refresh(Object entity)

, , ,
231

void flush()
void clear()
, , ,
,
void detach(Object entity)
, ,
, ,
boolean contains(Object entity)
, , ,

,
Customer Address.
(
@GeneratedValue), Customer (6.5) Address (6.6).
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@OneToOne (fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name = "address_fk")
// , ,
}
6.6. Address
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
// , ,
}
232 6.
, .6.2. , ADDRESS_FK , ADDRESS.
.6.2. CUSTOMER ADDRESS
,
, , em EntityManager, tx
EntityTransaction.

, (
EntityExistsException).
new, ,
, , , , EntityMana
ger.persist(), JUnit 6.7.
Customer customer = new Customer("", "", "tballa@mail.com");

Address address = new Address(" ", "", "8QE", "");
customer.setAddress(address);
tx.begin();
em.persist(address);
tx.commit();
assertNotNull(customer.getId());
assertNotNull(address.getId());
6.7 customer address , Java. ,

, ( em)
, (em.persist(customer) ).
.
(tx.commit() ),
, , , ADDRESS,
, , CUSTOMER. Customer
, ,
233

ADDRESS. assertNotNull ,
( ,
@Id @GeneratedValue).
persist(): Customer, Address. ,
. . ,
, . , , ,
( ). CUSTOMER,
insert ADDRESS, CUSTOMER.

Serializable.
, , .
, , ,
EntityManager.persist().
( , EJB- ..),
( ) java.io.Serializable. , , , , .

(Remote Method Invocation RMI).

.
EntityManager.find(), : - (6.8). ,
; , null.
6.8. Customer
Customer customer = em.find(Customer.class, 1234L)

if (customer!= null) {
//
}
getReference() (6.9). find,

, ( ), .
, . , , , , , ,
. getReference()
, , , , ,
234 6.
. ,
EntityNotFoundException.
6.9. Customer
try {
Customer customer = em.getReference(Customer.class, 1234L)
//
} catch(EntityNotFoundException ex) {
//
}

EntityManager.remove().
, ,
.
Java- - ,
. , 6.10, , , .

tx.begin();
tx.commit();
tx.begin();
em.remove(customer);
tx.commit();
// , -
assertNotNull(customer);
6.10 Customer Address, (custo

mer.setAddress(address)) . ,
, , ,
; Customer. ,
( ),
Address - , ,
, , .
-
, ,
, - ,
. JPA -
235

. ( Address)
(Customer), , ,
, .
, ,
orphanRemoval. , , orphanRemoval=true @OneToOne (6.11).
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@OneToOne (fetch = FetchType.LAZY, orphanRemoval=true)
// , ,
}
, 6.10,
Address, Customer
( address null
). ( ).

. ,
, . ,
Customer Address?
tx.begin();
tx.commit();
SQL-.
insert , .
. ,
, , , .
, (flush)

236 6.
(refresh). ,
rollback(),
.
. EntityManager.flush() ,
.
,
.
tx.begin();
em.flush();
tx.commit();
. , em.flush()
. insert
. ,
- .
,
. insert
CUSTOMER, ADDRESS
( ADDRESS_FK CUSTOMER). . . .
. refresh() , ,
, ,
, .
EntityManager.refresh() ,
. ,
6.12, Customer , firstName refresh().
6.12. Customer
Customer customer = em.find(Customer.class, 1234L)

assertEquals(customer.getFirstName(), "");
customer.setFirstName("");
em.refresh(customer);
assertEquals(customer.getFirstName(), "");");

, . EntityManager, ,
,
.
237

Contains. , .
EntityManager.contains() -
,
. , 6.13, , Customer,
,
(em.contains(customer)). .
remove() ,
(em.contains(customer) false).
6.13. ,
Customer

tx.begin();
tx.commit();
assertTrue(em.contains(customer));
tx.begin();
em.remove(customer);
tx.commit();
assertFalse(em.contains(customer));
. clear() : ,
, , , . detach(Object entity)
. , ,
, . , 6.14, , , , , , .
6.14. , Customer

tx.begin();
tx.commit();
assertTrue(em.contains(customer));
em.detach(customer);
assertFalse(em.contains(customer));

.
,
( ). , JSF-. ,
( ),
EJB- ( ,
238 6.
), (
), .
, ,
.
6.15 (em.clear()), .
6.15.

tx.begin();
tx.commit();
em.clear();
//
tx.begin();
em.merge(customer);
tx.commit();
, 6.15,
Customer. em.clear() Customer,
,
, , .
customer.setFirstName("William").
, .
( ) em.merge(customer) .

,
. , EntityManager.mer
ge()
.
,
.
merge().
6.16 Customer setFirstName,
Antony. em.persist(), , ,
, .
setFirstName(), .
, tx.begin(), .
239

6.16. setFirstName Customer

tx.begin();
tx.commit();

, .
, , . .
, . 6.17 , Customer
Customer Address, (customer.setAddress(address)), .

tx.begin();
tx.commit();
Customer Address ,
persist Customer Address. , em.persist(customer)
PERSIST Address, .
em.persist(address), 6.18.
6.18. PERSIST Address

tx.begin();
tx.commit();
Customer, Address.
. @OneToOne, @OneToMany, @ManyToOne @ManyToMany cascade,
, PERSIST,
, REMOVE (
240 6.
).
Customer (6.19) cascade @OneToOne
Address.
6.19. Customer PERSIST REMOVE
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@OneToOne (fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade = {CascadeType.PERSIST,
CascadeType.REMOVE})
// , ,
}
( .6.3) , CascadeType.ALL.
6.3.
CascadeType
PERSIST
REMOVE
MERGE
REFRESH
DETACH
ALL
JPQL
, ,
API- EntityManager. , , , .. ,
, .
, (, ISBN-
..), (,
, , ).
, JPA ,
, JPQL.
241
JPQL
JPQL ,
. JPQL ,
SQL.
. ,
SQL (), JPQL . JPQL
- , , , -
. ,
, (, myClass.myAttri
bute).
JPQL
JPQL- , SQL. SQL- JDBC,
.
JPQL-
:
SELECT b
FROM Book b
SQL, . JPQL , ,
Book. , FROM
: b Book. SELECT
, b(Book).
,
Book.
, . WHERE, :
SELECT b
FROM Book b
WHERE b.title = 'H2G2'
-. Book ,
title String, b.title title Book.
, Book title H2G2.
SELECT FROM. SELECT . FROM
, ,
WHERE, ORDER BY, GROUP BY HAVING . 6.20 JPQL-.
242 6.
6.20. JPQL-
SELECT < SELECT>

FROM < FROM>
[WHERE < WHERE>]
[ORDER BY < ORDER BY>]
[GROUP BY < GROUP BY>]
[HAVING < HAVING>]
6.20 SELECT, DELETE UPDATE

-.
SELECT
SELECT : , , , .

( ) (.) :
SELECT [DISTINCT] <> [[AS] < >]
expression ::= { NEW | TREAT | AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT }
SELECT . ,
Customer c, SELECT :
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
SELECT . Customer
firstName, SELECT c.firstName
firstName.
firstName lastName Customer, , :
SELECT c.firstName, c.lastName
FROM Customer c
JPA 2.0 ( CASE WHEN ... THEN ... ELSE ... END).
, , ,
(, 50%-)
(, 50%- Apress 20%-
).
SELECT CASE b.editor WHEN 'Apress'
THEN b.price * 0.5
ELSE b.price * 0.8
END
FROM Book b
243
JPQL
Customer Address,
c.address , , :
SELECT c.address
FROM Customer c
EntityGraph.
, c.address.country.code,
:
SELECT c.address.country.code
FROM Customer c
SELECT
Java-, .
,
.
SELECT NEW org.agoncal.javaee7.CustomerDTO(c.firstName, c.lastName, c.address.
street1)
FROM Customer c
CustomerDTO, new , .

, ( ),
. DISTINCT.
SELECT DISTINCT c
FROM Customer c
SELECT DISTINCT c.firstName
FROM Customer c

, . SELECT : AVG, COUNT, MAX, MIN, SUM.
GROUP BY
HAVING.
SELECT COUNT(c)
FROM Customer c
SELECT , WHERE HAVING. (ABS, SQRT, MOD, SIZE, INDEX) (CONCAT, SUBSTRING,
TRIM, LOWER, UPPER, LENGTH, LOCATE), / (CURRENT_DATE,
CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP).
244 6.
FROM
FROM . , , ,
(SELECT, WHERE ..). FROM . Customer , c :
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
WHERE
WHERE ,
SELECT, UPDATE DELETE. WHERE
,
.

. , , firstName :
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.firstName = ''
,
AND OR. AND
, firstName , country
:
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.firstName = '' AND c.address.country = ''
WHERE : =, >, >=, <, <=, <>,

[NOT] BETWEEN, [NOT] LIKE, [NOT] IN, IS [NOT] NULL, IS [NOT] EMPTY, [NOT] MEMBER [OF].
:
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.age > 18
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.age NOT BETWEEN 40 AND 50
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.address.country IN ('', '')
LIKE ,
: (_) -
245
JPQL
, , (%), , .
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.email LIKE '%mail.com'

WHERE, , .
. JPQL ,

. .
(?),
(, ?1).
, .
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.firstName = ?1 AND c.address.country = ?2
(:).
, .
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.firstName = :fname AND c.address.country = :country
, , , .
SELECT, WHERE
HAVING. . MIN(age),
.
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.age = (SELECT MIN(cust. age) FROM Customer cust ))
ORDER BY
ORDER BY ,
SELECT.
, ASC DESC. ASC ,
; DESC, ,
246 6.
, .
, .
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.age > 18
ORDER BY c.age DESC

:
SELECT c
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.age > 18
ORDER BY c.age DESC, c.address.country ASC
GROUP BY HAVING
GROUP BY
.
, GROUP BY. , :
SELECT c.address.country, count(c)
FROM Customer c
GROUP BY c.address.country
GROUP BY (c.address.country), (count(c)).
, , GROUP BY,
SELECT.
HAVING ,
, ,
WHERE, GROUP BY. , HAVING, , country , .
SELECT c.address.country, count(c)
FROM Customer c
GROUP BY c.address.country
HAVING c.address.country <> ''
GROUP BY HAVING SELECT ( DELETE
UPDATE).

, EntityManager.remove() , . ,
, -
247
. , ( ).
.
JPQL -.
. DELETE
SELECT, WHERE . , . DELETE :
DELETE FROM < > [[AS] < >]
[WHERE < WHERE>]
18,
DELETE.
DELETE FROM Customer c
WHERE c.age < 18

UPDATE,

WHERE. UPDATE
:
UPDATE < > [[AS] < >]
SET < UPDATE> {, < UPDATE>}*
[WHERE < WHERE>]
,
firstName TOO YOUNG :
UPDATE Customer c
SET c.firstName = 'TOO YOUNG'
WHERE c.age < 18
JPQL ,
(SELECT, FROM, WHERE ..). JPQL-
? : . JPA2.1
, ,
.
,
JPQL-, .
.
Criteria API JPA2.0 -
Query API.
248 6.

SQL- JPQL-.
JPA 2.1 API
.
, ,
, , .6.4, Query,
TypedQuery, StoredProcedureQuery (TypedQuery StoredProcedureQuery Query). Query , Object, TypedQuery , . StoredProcedureQuery
.
6.4.
Query createQuery(String jpqlString)
Query
JPQL-
Query createNamedQuery(String name)
Query
(
JPQL SQL)
Query createNativeQuery(String sqlString)
Query
SQL-
Query createNativeQuery(String sqlString,

Class resultClass)
Query createNativeQuery(String sqlString,

String resultSetMapping)
<T> TypedQuery<T>
createQuery(CriteriaQuery<T>
criteriaQuery)
TypedQuery
<T> TypedQuery<T> createQuery(String

jpqlString, Class<T> resultClass)
<T> TypedQuery<T>
createNamedQuery(String name, Class<T>
resultClass)
StoredProcedureQuery createStored
ProcedureQuery(String procedureName)
StoredProcedureQuery
ProcedureQuery(String procedureName,
Class... resultClasses)
,
,

ProcedureQuery(String procedureName,
String... resultSetMappings)
StoredProcedureQuery createNamedStored
ProcedureQuery(String name)
249
Query, TypedQuery StoredProcedureQuery

API. API Query, 6.21, ( )
JPQL, SQL.
, API Query .
6.21. Query API
public interface Query {

//
List getResultList();
Object getSingleResult();
int executeUpdate();
//
Query setParameter(String name, Object value);
Query setParameter(String name, Date value, TemporalType temporalType);
Query setParameter(String name, Calendar value, TemporalType temporalType);
Query setParameter(int position, Object value);
Query setParameter(int position, Date value, TemporalType temporalType);
Query setParameter(int position, Calendar value, TemporalType temporalType);
<T> Query setParameter(Parameter<T> param, Tvalue);
Query setParameter(Parameter<Date> param, Date value, TemporalType
temporalType);
Query setParameter(Parameter<Calendar> param, Calendar value, TemporalType
temporalType);
//
Set<Parameter<?>> getParameters();
Parameter<?> getParameter(String name);
Parameter<?> getParameter(int position);
<T> Parameter<T> getParameter(String name, Class<T> type);
<T> Parameter<T> getParameter(int position, Class<T> type);
boolean isBound(Parameter<?> param);
<T> TgetParameterValue(Parameter<T> param);
Object getParameterValue(String name);
Object getParameterValue(int position);
// ,
Query setMaxResults(int maxResult);
int getMaxResults();
Query setFirstResult(int startPosition);
int getFirstResult();
//
Query setHint(String hintName, Object value);
Map<String, Object> getHints();
//
250 6.
Query setFlushMode(FlushModeType flushMode);
FlushModeType getFlushMode();
//
Query setLockMode(LockModeType lockMode);
LockModeType getLockMode();
// API,
<T> Tunwrap(Class<T> cls);
}
, API,
. SELECT,
.
getResultList() (, , ..).
getSingleResult()
( NonUniqueResultException
).
executeUpdate()
,
.
JPQL ,
, (, :myParam), (, ?1). API Query setParameter
.
, .
(, - ).
Query
setFirstResult() setMaxResults(),
(, )
.
,
.
: AUTO COMMIT. AUTO ( ) , ,
. COMMIT ,
.
setLockMode(LockModeType).
.

, . EntityMana
251
ger.createQuery(), , -
JPQL-.
JPQL-
. , , getResultList(), Customer
(List<Customer>). ,
, getSingleResult().
.
Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT cFROM Customer c");
List<Customer> customers = query.getResultList();
JPQL- Query. query.get

ResultList(), . ,
Customer,
TypedQuery :
TypedQuery<Customer> query =
em.createQuery("SELECT cFROM Customer c", Customer.class);
,
. .
String jpqlQuery = "SELECT cFROM Customer c";
if (someCriteria)
jpqlQuery += "WHERE c.firstName = ''";
query = em.createQuery(jpqlQuery);
, firstName
, firstName. : .
:fname (
:) setParameter:
query = em.createQuery("SELECT cFROM Customer cwhere c.firstName = :fname");
query.setParameter("fname", "");
, fname , . , ,
:
query = em.createQuery("SELECT cFROM Customer cwhere c.firstName = ?1");
query.setParameter(1, "");

, setMax
Results, :
252 6.
query = em.createQuery("SELECT cFROM Customer c", Customer.class);
query.setMaxResults(10);
,
JPQL- SQL- .
,
JPQL-, SQL-.
. , , ,
.

, . , ,
, JPQL- SQL-,
, .
,
@NamedQuery, XML-.
, , @NamedQuery, : .
, Customer (6.22).
6.22. Customer
@Entity
@NamedQueries({
@NamedQuery(name = "findAll", query="select cfrom Customer c"),
@NamedQuery(name = "findVincent",
query="select cfrom Customer cwhere c.firstName = ''"),
@NamedQuery(name = "findWithParam",
query="select cfrom Customer cwhere c.firstName = :fname")
})
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@OneToOne
// , ,
}
253
Customer , @NamedQueries,
@NamedQuery. findAll
- ( WHERE ). findWithParam
:fname
firstName. 6.22 @NamedQuery,
Customer , :
@Entity
@NamedQuery(name = "findAll ", query="select cfrom Customer c")
public class Customer {...}
,
. EntityManager.create
NamedQuery(), , .
Query TypedQuery, , , ..
findAll, :
Query query = em.createNamedQuery("findAll");
-
Customer, TypedQuery,
:
TypedQuery<Customer> query = em.createNamedQuery("findAll", Customer.class);
findWithParam :fname setMaxResults 3:

Query query = em.createNamedQuery("findWithParam");
query.setParameter("fname", "");
query.setMaxResults(3);
Query API Query, . (setParameter().setMaxResults() ..):

Query query = em.createNamedQuery("findWithParam").setParameter("fname",
"")
.setMaxResults(3);
.
, -, ( findAll
, Customer).
: , .
, findAll.
254 6.
findAll, , findAll, ,
-.
. , findAll
Customer Customer.findAll.
, , ,
, , , , ,
. , . 6.23 , Customer.
6.23. Customer

@Entity
@NamedQuery(name = Customer.FIND_ALL, query="select cfrom Customer c"),
public static final String FIND_ALL = "Customer.findAll";
// , , ,
}
FIND_ALL findAll
.
@NamedQuery, ,
:
TypedQuery<Customer> query = em.createNamedQuery(Customer.FIND_ALL,
Customer.class);
Criteria API ( -
)
JPQL- (
) . , . , . ,
, - .
, JPQL (SLECT
SELECT), (Custmer Customer) (firstname
firstName ).
(SELECT cWHERE c.firstName = 'John' FROM Customer).
, ,
.
JPA 2.0 API- Criteria API,
javax.persistence.criteria.
- . , ,
, .
255
, JPQL (SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, WHERE, LIKE, GROUP BY...)

API-. , Criteria API
, JPQL, . , ,
firstName Vincent. JPQL :
SELECT cFROM Customer cWHERE c.firstName = ''
JPQL- 6.24 -
Criteria API.
6.24. ,
, firstName Vincent
CriteriaBuilder builder = em.getCriteriaBuilder();

CriteriaQuery<Customer> criteriaQuery = builder.createQuery(Customer.class);
Root<Customer> c= criteriaQuery.from(Customer.class);
criteriaQuery.select(c).where(builder.equal(c.get("firstName"), ""));
Query query = em.createQuery(criteriaQuery).getResultList();
, , SELECT, FROM
WHERE API- select(), from() where().
JPQL. CriteriaBuilder,
( em 6.24 6.25). ( ,
desc(), asc(), avg(), sum(), max(), min(), count(), and(), or(), greaterThan(), lowerThan()...).
CriteriaBuilder (CriteriaQuery) . , select(), from(), where(), orderBy(),
groupBy() having(), JPQL. 6.24
c( SELECT cFROM Customer)
Root (Root<Customer> c). ,
SQL-, CriteriaBuilder,
CriteriaQuery Root: ( )
(, , CASE, ).
6.25. ,
40

criteriaQuery.select(c).where(builder.greaterThan(c.get("age").as(Integer.
class), 40));
. 6.25 , 40 . c.get("age")
age Customer , 40 .
256 6.
, , Criteria API
. . 6.24 6.25,
("firstName" "age"), Customer. , . 6.25 age Integer ((c.get("age").as(Inte
ger.class)), - , age
Integer. Criteria API
,
API-.
Criteria API. 6.24 6.25 :
JPQL
CriteriaBuilder CriteriaQuery.
, :
firstName Customer c.get("firstName"). get
. Criteria API ,
API , .
6.26 Customer
(Long, String, Integer, Address).
6.26. Customer
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
// , ,
}
JPA2.1 .
X X_ ( ). , Customer ,
Customer_, 6.27.
6.27. Customer_, Customer
@Generated("EclipseLink")
@StaticMetamodel(Customer.class)
public class Customer_ {
public static volatile SingularAttribute<Customer,
Long> id;
String> firstName;
String> lastName;
Integer> age;
257
public static volatile SingularAttribute<Customer, String> email;

public static volatile SingularAttribute<Customer, Address> address;
}
Customer javax.persistence.metamodel.Attribute (CollectionAttribute ,

ListAttribute, MapAttribute, SetAttribute SingularAttribute).
(,
SingularAttribute<Customer, Integer>, age). 6.28
, 6.25,
(c.get("age") c.get(Customer_.age)). ,
age Integer,
Integer as(Integer.class).
6.28. ,
40

criteriaQuery.select(c).where(builder.greaterThan(c.get(Customer_.age), 40));
- , Criteria
API. API-,
5 6 JPA2.1.

, , Attribute
SingularAttribute, javax.persistence.me
tamodel. . EclipseLink CanonicalModelProcessor.
,
Java-, Ant- Maven-.

JPQL ,
.
JPA . SQL-
(SELECT, UPDATE DELETE) Query
.
.
, JDBC? , JPA, ,
258 6.
. Customer
SQL,
EntityManager.createNativeQuery(), SQL -, .
Query query = em.createNativeQuery("SELECT * FROM t_customer", Customer.
class);
, SQL-
, ( ,
JPQL-). - ,
, , . ,
SQL-.
@NamedNativeQuery, (. ).
JPQL-, .
@Entity
@NamedNativeQuery(name = "findAll", query="select * from t_customer")
@Table(name = "t_customer")
public class Customer {...}

(JPQL SQL) :
,
. ,
.
, , .
,
SQL- , . , , SQL,
,,
.
.
, .
, , .
, ,
.

.
259
, ,
( Java).

.

,
.
. -
, ,
. -
,
(, , T_Inventory, T_Warehouse, T_Book, T_CD, T_Transport ..).
, SQL- .
sp_archive_books, 6.29, archiveDate warehouseCode
T_Inventory T_Transport.
6.29. ,
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_archive_books @archiveDate DATE, @warehouseCode VARCHAR AS

UPDATE T_Inventory
SET Number_Of_Books_Left - 1
WHERE Archive_Date < @archiveDate AND Warehouse_Code = @warehouseCode;
UPDATE T_Transport
SET Warehouse_To_Take_Books_From = @warehouseCode;
END
6.29 ,
(sp_archive_books). ,
.
(@archiveDate @warehouseCode ) , , , .
.
JPA2.1 StoredProcedureQuery ( Query) . ,
, API- , , .
(@NamedStored
ProcedureQuery) .
6.30 Book, sp_archive_books . @NamedStoredProcedureQuery ,
(Date.class String.class),
(IN, OUT, INOUT, REF_CURSOR), ,
260 6.
( ). @StoredProcedureParameter
.
6.30. ,
@Entity
@NamedStoredProcedureQuery(name = "archiveOldBooks", procedureName =
"sp_archive_books",
parameters = {
@StoredProcedureParameter(name = "archiveDate", mode = IN, type = Date.class),
@StoredProcedureParameter(name = "warehouse", mode = IN,
type = String.class)
}
)
public class Book {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
private String editor;
// , ,
}
sp_archive_books
, (archiveOldBooks). StoredProcedureQuery,
, 6.31.
6.31. StoredProcedureQuery
StoredProcedureQuery query =
em.createNamedStoredProcedureQuery("archiveOldBooks");
query.setParameter("archiveDate", new Date());
query.setParameter("maxBookArchived", 1000);
query.execute();
(@Named
StoredProcedureQuery), API- . ,
. registerStoredProcedure
Parameter StoredProcedureQuery, 6.32.
6.32. StoredProcedureQuery
StoredProcedureQuery query =
em.createStoredProcedureQuery("sp_archive_old_books");
query.registerStoredProcedureParameter("archiveDate", Date.class,
ParameterMode.IN);
261
Cache API
query.registerStoredProcedureParameter("maxBookArchived", Integer.class,
ParameterMode.IN);
query.setParameter("archiveDate", new Date());
query.setParameter("maxBookArchived", 1000);
query.execute();
Cache API
( Java EE) , ,
, ,
. , .
JPA .
JPA 2.0 . , , ,
.
SQL-
. ,
, UPDATE .
.
JPA ( ) ,
, .. .6.3,

.

,
( ). ,
. JPA2.0 ,
, API-. 6.33 API- ( JPA ,
), .
, javax.persistence.Cache ,
.
6.33. Cache API
public interface Cache {

//
262 6.
.6.3.
public boolean contains(Class cls, Object id);

//
public void evict(Class cls, Object id);
// ( )
public void evict(Class cls);
//
public void evictAll();
// ,
public <T> Tunwrap(Class<T> cls);
}
API , , . API, , , @Cacheable,

6.34. @Cacheable,
.
6.34. Customer
@Entity
@Cacheable(true)
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
263
Cache API
// , ,
}
@Cacheable . ,
, , .
JPA, shared-cache-mode persistence.xml.
:
ALL ,
;
DISABLE_SELECTIVE ,
@Cacheable(false);
ENABLE_SELECTIVE ,
@Cacheable(true);
NONE ;
UNSPECIFIED ( , ).
, ,
. , 6.35,
, .
Customer .
Customer (.6.34),
( EntityManagerFactory.getCache().con
tains() ). ache.evict(Customer.class)
.
6.35. Customer
Customer customer = new Customer("", "", "plecomte@mail.com");

tx.begin();
tx.commit();
// EntityManagerFactory Cache
Cache cache = emf.getCache();
// Customer
assertTrue(cache.contains(Customer.class, customer.getId()));
// Customer
cache.evict(Customer.class);
// Customer
assertFalse(cache.contains(Customer.class, customer.getId()));
264 6.

JPA , JPQL , . , ,
, . ,
. , ,
, - .
,
, .6.4.
$2. , $5.
, ,
. $10.
, ,
$12 15.
.6.4. 1 (tx1) 2 (tx2),
,
, , JPA.
,
, . , , ,
SQL-.
JPA 2.1 ( JPA 1.0 ).
,
, ,
.
,
.
265

, ,
.
, ,
, , .
!
JPA API-.
,
EntityManager.find EntityManager.refresh (
lock), JPQL-. , Query , .6.5 6.6.
6.5.
<T> Tfind(Class<T> entityClass, Object

primaryKey, LockModeType lockMode)
void lock(Object entity, LockModeType

lockMode)
,
,
void refresh(Object entity, LockModeType

lockMode)

, , , ,

LockModeType getLockMode(Object entity)

6.6. Query JPQL-
LockModeType getLockMode()
Query setLockMode(LockModeType
lockMode)
LockModeType , ,
, :
OPTIMISTIC ;
OPTIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT version,
(. );
PESSIMISTIC_READ
;
266 6.
PESSIMISTIC_WRITE
, ;
PESSIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT version,
(. );
NONE , .
,
. , .
Book book = em.find(Book.class, 12);
// ,
em.lock(book, LockModeType.OPTIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT);
book.raisePriceByTwoDollars();
.
Book book = em.find(Book.class, 12, LockModeType.OPTIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT);
// Book,

Java : Java SE5.0, Java
SE6.0, EJB3.1, JAX-RS1.0 .. JAX-RS JAX-RS1.1. JPA ,
. ,
,
, 1. ,
, 2 ..
.
,
, @Version.
. ,
, int, Integer, short, Short, long, Long Timestamp. 6.36
, version Book.
6.36. Book @Version Integer
@Entity
public class Book {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@Version
private Integer version;
267

// , ,
}
version,
. version
. , ,
. 6.37
Book . ,
version 1. ,
, ,
2.
6.37. tx1 tx2,
Book book = new Book("H2G2", 21f, " IT-", "123-456", 321, false);
tx.begin();
em.persist(book);
tx.commit();
assertEquals(1, book.getVersion());
tx.begin();
tx.commit();
assertEquals(2, book.getVersion());
version , ,
. .
, , @Version.

, ,
. , , , , , . ,
. ,
.
, , OptimisticLockException,
.
268 6.
OptimisticLockException?
, (
lock find, , LockModeType),
, @Version.
@Version
,
version
. @Version,
().
. , tx1 tx2,
Book.
Book 1. $2 . , , 2.
$5 .
tx2 , ,
. ,
, - OptimisticLockException,
.6.5.
.6.5. OptimisticLockException,
tx2
, @Version : OptimisticLockException
( em.flush()).
, , , .
,
:
Book book = em.find(Book.class, 12);
// ,
em.lock(book, LockModeType.OPTIMISTIC);
269

LockModeType,
, : OPTIMISTIC OPTIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT
( READ WRITE, ).
, OPTIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT
() version, .

,
. , . , ,
.
,
.

,
, , .
,
SQL- SELECT ... FOR UPDATE .

.
.
, , ,
. ,
,
PessimisticLockException,
.
, .
,
, . , .
100
,
. ,
, ,
JPA.
,
@Version.
270 6.

, . ( new)
Java Java- ( ),
. , , , . ,
(,
set,
, ).
, .6.6, UML . Customer.
.6.6.
Customer, new.
, JPA .
- , -
271

, .
Customer EntityManager.
persist(). ,
. ,
, - (, customer.setFirstName()) EntityManager.refresh().
.
EntityManager.contains(customer), ,
true, Customer
( ).

. EntityManager.find()
JPQL- ,
.
, , EntityManager.remove(),
. Java- ,
,
.
, .
, EntityManager.clear()
EntityManager.detach(customer)
; . ,
: .
,
, java.io.Se
rializable. JPA-, Java-.
, , . , EntityManager.merge(). , JSF-. ,
Customer JSF-,
. ,
.
. , -
, , , . , .

-,
.
272 6.

, ,
: , , .
, , , . pre post,
-.
- , .6.7.
-,
- .
6.7.
@PrePersist
EntityManager.persist()
@PostPersist
, .
( @GeneratedValue),

@PreUpdate
(
EntityManager.merge())
@PostUpdate
@PreRemove
EntityManager.remove()
@PostRemove
@Postload
,
( JPQL- EntityManager.find())
. @Preload , ,
,
UML- , .6.6, , .6.7.

,
@PrePersist.
, , , , @PostPersist.
(@PreUpdate, @PostUpdate) (@PreRemove, @PostRemove). , @PostLoad,
( EntityMana
ger.find() JPQL-). , ,
- , (@PostLoad).
, (@PreUpdate, @PostUpdate).
273

.6.7.
? ,
, , -,
.
Java-, , ( ),
6.38.
.
6.38. Customer
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@Transient
274 6.
@PrePersist
@PreUpdate
private void validate() {
if (firstName == null || "".equals(firstName))
throw new IllegalArgumentException(" ");
if (lastName == null || "".equals(lastName))
}
@PostLoad
@PostPersist
@PostUpdate
public void calculateAge() {
if (dateOfBirth == null) {
age = null;
return;
}
Calendar birth = new GregorianCalendar();
birth.setTime(dateOfBirth);
Calendar now = new GregorianCalendar();
now.setTime(new Date());
int adjust = 0;
if (now.get(DAY_OF_YEAR) - birth.get(DAY_OF_YEAR) < 0) {
adjust = -1;
}
age = now.get(YEAR) - birth.get(YEAR) + adjust;
}
// , ,
}
6.38 Customer (
firstName lastName). @PrePersist @PreUpdate . ,
, , ,
, .
calculateAge() . age
. ,
calculateAge() ,
.
.
public, private, protected , static final. 6.38
, validate() private.
275
( validateData() @PrePersist
@PreUpdate). -
(,
@PrePersist).
( ),
.
.
JNDI, JDBC, JMS EJB-, - EntityManager Query.
, ,
. , 6.38
Customer Person, Person
@PrePersist Customer @PrePersist.
,
. , ,
. Customer Address @PreRemove, Customer @PreRemove.
, ,
-, .
-
. Java-, .
@EntityListeners.
Customer, calculateAge() validate() -: AgeCalculationListener (6.39)
DataValidationListener (6.40).
6.39. , age
Customer
public class AgeCalculationListener {

@PostLoad
@PostPersist
@PostUpdate
public void calculateAge(Customer customer) {
if (customer.getDateOfBirth() == null) {
customer.setAge(null);
return;
}
Calendar birth = new GregorianCalendar();
276 6.
birth.setTime(customer.getDateOfBirth());
Calendar now = new GregorianCalendar();
now.setTime(new Date());
int adjust = 0; if (now.get(DAY_OF_YEAR) - birth.get(DAY_OF_YEAR) < 0) {
adjust = -1;
}
customer.setAge(now.get(YEAR) - birth.get(YEAR) + adjust);
}
}
6.40. , Customer
public class DataValidationListener {

@PrePersist
@PreUpdate
private void validate(Customer customer) {
if (customer.getFirstName() == null || "".equals(customer.getFirstName()))
if (customer.getLastName() == null || "".equals(customer.getLastName()))
}
}
- .
, public .
, , 6.38.
,
(, firstName lastName Customer, ). , , , ,
, .
, ,
:
void <>();
, ,
. , Object:
void <>(Object anyEntity)
( ), :
void <>(Customer customerOrSubclasses)
,
Customer,
@EntityListeners (6.41).
.
277
,
, , , ,
.
( ).
6.41. Customer,
@EntityListeners({DataValidationListener.class, AgeCalculationListener.class})
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@Transient
// , ,
}
, 6.38. Customer DataValidationListener.validate()

age AgeCalculationListener.calcu
lateAge().
, , , .
. ,
,
( ).
,
, , , , . , , ,
@ExcludeSuperclassListeners ( XML-).
6.41 Customer, ,
.
, ,
. ,
DebugListener, ,
6.42.
278 6.
6.42. DebugListener,
public class DebugListener {

@PrePersist
void prePersist(Object object) {
System.out.println("prePersist");
}
@PreUpdate
void preUpdate(Object object) {
System.out.println("preUpdate");
}
@PreRemove
void preRemove(Object object) {
System.out.println("preRemove");
}
}
, Object , , DebugListener @EntityListeners.

,
.
JPA , , .
, , ,
XML.
, XML
. DebugListener . XML, 6.43,
.
6.43. DebugListener,

<entity-mappings xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/orm"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/orm
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/orm_2_1.xsd"
version="2.1">
<persistence-unit-metadata>
<persistence-unit-defaults>
<entity-listeners>
<entity-listener class="org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter06.
DebugListener"/>
</entity-listeners>
</persistence-unit-defaults>
</persistence-unit-metadata>
</entity-mappings>
279
<persistence-unit-metadata> ,
- . <persistence-unit-defaults>
, <entity-listener>
. persistence.xml
, .
DebugListener .
,
,
XML. , @EntityListeners. ,
, @ExcludeDefaultListeners, 6.44.
6.44. Customer,
@ExcludeDefaultListeners
@Entity
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@Transient
// , ,
}
,
.
1. @EntityListeners .
2. (
, ).
3. .
4. ( ,
).
5. .
, . ,
280 6.
. , , ,
, . JPA JPQL,
. , WHERE, ORDER BY GROUP BY,
, .
, , .
(@PrePersist, @PostPersist ..). (
).
, ( -,
, ).
-, , .
7.
.
EJB-
, JPA JPQL.
,
,
( , ..).
-. -, (Web, Swing,
..). ,

-. Java EE
EJB- (Enterprise JavaBeans EJB).
.
, JPA
, (Artist , CD , Book , Customer ..).
-, , ( ) ( , , ,
..). -
- ( - SOAP RESTful), ( JMS) .
,
- ( EJB- JSF, ), .
EJB- ,
. .
EJB-,
EJB-: , . EJB-
, - . EJB-
282 7. EJB-
. EJB3.1 EJB-
( ) . ,
EJB- .
EJB-
EJB- , , . , , ,
- (SOAP REST), ,
, - (AspectOriented Programming AOP) .. ,
EJB- Java SE Java
EE JDBC, JavaMail, JPA, Java Transaction API (JTA), Java Messaging Service
(JMS), Java (Java Authentication and
Authorization Service JAAS), Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) (Remote Method Invocation RMI). - (.7.1),
-. EJB-
,
JavaServer Faces (JSF), (JMS -).
.7.1.
EJB- , . EJB-
Java, , -
283
EJB-

. Java, . EJB-
, , ,
, ,
. ,
, .
, EJB- -,
.
, 3.2, EJB-
, ,
. API-, JNDI, , CDI- EJB-
, .
12 , EJB-,
.
EJB-
EJB- -,
.
, JavaEE EJB-.

, .
, .
,
.
, .
EJB- . ,
.
, EJB- , . , . , EJB-
/ . EJB- ,
( JAR, WAR EAR) .
EJB-, (Message-Driven Beans MDB),
JMS. EJB-, , EJB,
(13),
284 7. EJB-
, (Message-Oriented Middleware MOM).
EJB-, , -
EJB-.
EJB- -.
14 15 - SOAP RESTful,
Java-, -, EJB-, EJB-.

EJB3.1 Entity CMP. EJB3.2. JPA
. Entity CMP.

(EJB1.0) EJB-
, Java.
GlassFish, JBoss, Weblogic .., ,
, EJB-.
, .
,
, , , .
, , ,
. ,
EJB-
.
, . EJB3.1
, .
,
EJB- JavaSE,
Java . ,
(, ) EJB-
. API-, , ,
JavaEE, . Java, , EJB -
.
285
EJB-
,
,
, ,
, , , .
EJB- ( EJB-,
, ..)
- .

EJB- ( JMS, EJB-,
, ..), POJO
CDI.
EJB- . ,
.
EJB-
EJB-, ,
, . , EJB- , , .

.
EJB-,
,
JMS.

EJB- , .
.
EJB-
, .
EJB-
, ,
EJB- .
,
, .
,
.
286 7. EJB-
EJB3.1,
.
EJB-,
, -,
- .
EJB- . MBean- (Managed Beans). EJB-, EJB, , .
, EJB-,
,
EJB-. , .
EJB- .
JavaEE EJB-
( JSF-),
(Application Client Container ACC) ( ), ( , ), ..
EJB- .
, EJB- , java.io, ServerSocket,
AWT (Abstract
Window Toolkit) API- Swing .
EJB Lite
EJB-
Java EE7, ,
-. EJB3.2 , ,
IIOP (Internet InterOrb Protocol ), , , EJB3.2, .
EJB- , .
EJB API EJB Lite. ,
EJB-,
-. EJB Lite
JavaEE, EJB3.2. EJB Lite EJB API, .7.1.
287
EJB
7.1. EJB Lite EJB
EJB Lite

EJB 3.2
EJB- ( , , )
Embeddable API
EJB-,
- JAX-WS
- JAX-RS
TimerService
RMI/IIOP

EJB
RMI/IIOP EJB- EJB- .
JavaEE.
EJB3.2 , RMI/IIOP -,
, , , SOAP REST.
EJB
EJB1.0 1998, EJB3.2 2013
Java EE7. 15 EJB
, - .
POJO-, Entity Bean
CMP JPA EJB- , .
EJB3.2 , ,
(, JNDI- ). EJB3.2 , , .
288 7. EJB-
EJB
, Java,
, ,
RMI JTA.
-,
IBM ,
EBJ-.
EJB1.0 EJB- ,
- EJB.

EJB- . EJB- :
, .
EJB 1.1 - EJB ,
XML-
( ).
, .
2001 EJB 2.0 , Java
Community Process ( JSR19). , ,
. , , EJB ( ,
). EJB-,
, - EJB (EJB QL).
EJB2.1 (JSR 153) -, EJB- SOAP/HTTP.
TimerService, EJB-
.
EJB2.1 EJB3.0 , . 2006 EJB3.0 (JSR 220) , , EJB-
POJO. - EJB (JPA), EJB-
EJB- .
,
.
2009 EJB3.1 (JSR 318) Java EE6
, .
3.1 , , , EJB-,
TimerService , , JNDI EJB Lite.
289
EJB
EJB3.2
EJB 3.2 (JSR 345) , . ,
Java EE 6 , .
EJB 3.1, 3.2:
- EJB 2.x;
- EJB 2.x;
EJB QL ( CMP);
- JAX-RPC;
- JAX-RPC.
:
EJB- (EJB Core Contracts and
Requirements) , EJB-;
EJB- (EJB Optional Features) , ,
.
EJB 3.2 .
MBean- (
EJB- ; 9).
EJB-
, .
EJB- .
/ EJB-.
, ,
java.io.
JMS 2.0.
Autocloseable ,
Java SE7.
RMI/IIOP . , Java EE8.
RMI ( IIOP).
.7.2 , EJB3.2
.
290 7. EJB-
7.2. EJB-
javax.ejb
,
EJB- ,
EJB-
javax.ejb.embeddable
Embeddable API
javax.ejb.spi
, EJB-

GlassFish Oracle JavaEE. Sun
2005, Java EE5 2006.
GlassFish 4 EJB3.2. (
Apache Felix OSGi), (, Java EE7, Ruby,
PHP ..).
GlassFish ,
EJB3.2. : OpenEJB,
JBoss, Weblogic, Websphere

EJB-
EJB- -
, , , .. ,
? Java- . 7.1 , ,
EJB-, .
7.1. EJB-
@Stateless
}
em.persist(book);
return book;
}
}
291
EJB-
J2EE , EJB-:
( ), ( )
. Java EE5 EJB3.0
,
-, - XML-.
7.1, EJB3.1
- . ,
Java- @Stateless.
, (
), BookEJB Book ,
.
EJB-
7.1
EJB- Java- . , , EJB- , ,
. EJB- , :
EJB-, - -.
EJB- @Stateless, @Stateful
@Singleton ;
-, -,
EJB-. EJB-
,
( ).
.7.2, EJB- (
) , EJB-.
.7.2. EJB- -
292 7. EJB-
EJB-
EJB- Java-,
-. EJB-
:
@Stateless, @Stateful, @Singleton
XML- ;
;
public final abstract;
public , ;
finalize();
- ejb,
final static;
RMI.
,

, EJB-,
EJB-
. ,
Java EJB-, .
.7.3, , Java, (Application Client
Container ACC), -, EJB-.
EJB- .
, EJB-
Java. EJB- EJB- - (, JSF), Java. , ,
EJB-.
EJB-
. - Java-, EJB- . Java, - ,
. :
@Remote -. ,
RMI;
.7.3. EJB-,
293
EJB-
294 7. EJB-
@Local -. EJB-.
.
EJB-, , .
, - EJB -.
7.2 (ItemLocal )
(ItemRemote), EJB-
ItemEJB. findCDs()
, . createCd()
RMI.
7.2. EJB- ,

@Local
public interface ItemLocal {
List<Book> findBooks();
List<CD> findCDs();
}
@Remote
public interface ItemRemote {
List<CD> findCDs();
Book createBook(Book book);
CD createCD(CD cd);
}
@Stateless
// ...
}
7.2
EJB-. @Local @Remote, 7.3. ,
,
, EJB.
7.3. EJB-,
,

List<CD> findCDs();
}
public interface ItemRemote {
List<CD> findCDs();
295
EJB-
CD createCD(CD cd);
}
@Stateless
@LocalBean
// ...
}
EJB- (
), . , , @LocalBean EJB-.
7.3, ItemEJB
, .
-
RMI EJB- - SOAP
RESTful. 14 15 -,
. ,
EJB-
. 7.4 EJB ,
- SOAP (@WebService) RESTful (@Path). ,
JAX-WS (. 14) JAX-RS (.15) EJB.
7.4. EJB- ,
@Local
List<CD> findCDs();
}
@WebService
public interface ItemSOAP {
List<CD> findCDs();
CD createCD(CD cd);
}
@Path(/items)
public interface ItemRest {
}
@Stateless
296 7. EJB-
public class ItemEJB implements ItemLocal, ItemSOAP, ItemRest {
// ...
}
JNDI-
JNDI . API- .
JNDI-, . EJB- GlassFish JBoss
, , . EJB, GlassFish JBoss.
EJB3.1, JNDI- , . , EJB EJB-/
JNDI-. JavaEE
JNDI- :
java:< >[/< >]/< >/< EJB-
>[!< >]
JNDI- :
< > ,
Java EE;
global java:global , Java EE, ;
app java:app , Java EE, ,
;
module java:module ,
JavaEE, ,
;
comp java:comp ,
;
< > , EJB-
EAR WAR. , <
> EAR WAR ( );
< > , EJB-.
EJB- JAR WAR. < > ;
< EJB-> EJB-;
< >
-.
EJB-.
297
EJB-
, ItemEJB ( 7.5),
, ( @LocalBean).
org.agoncal.book.javaee7. ItemEJB < EJB->,
EJB- cdbookstore.jar (< >).
7.5. EJB- ,

package org.agoncal.book.javaee7;
@Stateless
@LocalBean
// ...
}
JNDI-,
ItemEJB,
JNDI-:
java:global/cdbookstore/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemRemote
java:global/cdbookstore/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemLocal
java:global/cdbookstore/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemEJB
, ItemEJB
EAR (, myapplication.ear), < >
:
java:global/myapplication/cdbookstore/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemRemote
java:global/myapplication/cdbookstore/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemLocal
java:global/myapplication/cdbookstore/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemEJB
, JNDI-
java:app java:module. , , , ItemEJB,
JNDI-:
java:app/cdbookstore/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemRemote
java:app/cdbookstore/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemLocal
java:app/cdbookstore/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemEJB
java:module/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemRemote
java:module/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemLocal
java:module/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.ItemEJB
JNDI- EJB-:
, .
EJB-
EJB- JavaEE EJB-. ,
298 7. EJB-
, . , ,
- .
? ,
.
-
, .
Book , : Book ( new), - ,
(book.per
sistToDatabase() ). ,
Book :
Book book = new Book();
book.setTitle(" ");
book.setPrice(12.5F);
book.setDescription("- ,
");
book.setIsbn("1-84023-742-2");
book.setNbOfPage(354);
book.persistToDatabase();
- .
,
, (
). ,
. , , Book,
- ,
, Book
. Book,
:
book.setTitle(" ");
.");
book.setIsbn("1-84023-742-2");
statelessService.persistToDatabase(book);
EJB- ,
.
, EJB-
( ) -
299
EJB-
. EJB- , . EJB-
, .
. ,
EJB- , .7.4.
.
.7.4. , EJB-

7.6 , EJB- : Java- @Stateless. ,

, , . @PersistenceContext
. EJB- , ,
, EJB- (createBook(), createCD()
..), . 9. , - . , createBook()
Book
.
7.6. EJB- ItemEJB
@Stateless
public class ItemEJB {
public List<Book> findBooks() {
300 7. EJB-
TypedQuery<Book> query = em.createNamedQuery(Book.FIND_ALL, Book.class);
return query.getResultList();
}
public List<CD> findCDs() {
TypedQuery<CD> query = em.createNamedQuery(CD.FIND_ALL, CD.class);
}
em.persist(book);
return book;
}
public CD createCD(CD cd) {
em.persist(cd);
return cd;
}
}
EJB-
-. , ItemEJB 7.5
, , CD-BookStore. , , Book CD , .
@Stateless Java- ItemEJB EJB- , Java- , . 7.7 @
javax.ejb.Stateless.
7.7. API- @Stateless
@Target({TYPE}) @Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface Stateless {
String mappedName() default "";
String description() default "";
}
name EJB-
(ItemEJB 7.6). ,
, EJB- JNDI. description
, EJB-. mappedName JNDI-, .
, JNDI- , ,
. mappedName JNDI, .
EJB-
, .

(
).
301
EJB-
EJB-
EJB- - , . EJB-
, , .
, .
,
. .
( ), ,
, .
, ( ). ,
( , ).
:
book.setTitle(" ");
.");
book.setIsbn("1-84023-742-2");
statefulComponent.addBookToShoppingCart(book);
book.setTitle(" ");
book.setDescription(" , ");
book.setIsbn("0-553-29949-2");
statefulComponent.addBookToShoppingCart(book);
statefulComponent.checkOutShoppingCart();
,
EJB- . Book,
, . checkOutShoppingCart()
.
EJB- ,
EJB-
. EJB-
. .7.5
EJB- . , ,
EJB- .
- , , ,
, , ,
EJB- .
,
EJB- ,
302 7. EJB-
.7.5. , EJB- .

. .
( , ..). , . ;
, ,
.
(, , ;
JMS, , ..),
EJB- . EJB3.2
, , .
EJB- (7.8). ,
( addItem()).
cartItems .
. , , , , , .
( getTotal()) , - . EJB- . ( checkout()) . ,
,
EJB- .
7.8. EJB- ShoppingCartEJB
@Stateful
@StatefulTimeout(value = 20, unit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
public class ShoppingCartEJB {
private List<Item> cartItems = new ArrayList<>();
public void addItem(Item item) {
303
EJB-
if (!cartItems.contains(item))
cartItems.add(item);
}
public void removeItem(Item item) {
if (cartItems.contains(item))
cartItems.remove(item);
}
public Integer getNumberOfItems() {
if (cartItems == null || cartItems.isEmpty())
return 0;
return cartItems.size();
}
public Float getTotal() {
if (cartItems == null || cartItems.isEmpty())
return 0f;
Float total = 0f;
for (Item cartItem : cartItems) {
total += (cartItem.getPrice());
}
return total;
}
public void empty() {
cartItems.clear();
}
@Remove
public void checkout() {
// -
cartItems.clear();
}
}
EJB- , .
@javax.ejb.Stateful , API, @Stateless, 7.7.
@javax.ejb.StatefulTimeout @ja
vax.ejb.Remove. @Remove checkout(). ,
EJB-
checkout(). @StatefulTimeout , EJB- ( ), .
java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit,
DAYS, HOURS MILLISECONDS (
MINUTES). , , .
.
.
304 7. EJB-
EJB-
EJB- EJB-,
.
Singleton ()
- . (Design
Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software),
, , . (Addison-Wesley,
1995). EJB- , ,
. , ,
:
, , , ..
,
(, Hashmap)
. , , , EJB-,
7.9.
.
getInstance() CacheSingleton. EJB-, :
CacheSingleton.getInstance().addToCache(myObject);
, , synchronized
. Map java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap, . , .
7.9. Java-, Singleton ()
public class Cache {

private static Cache instance = new Cache();
private Map<Long, Object> cache = new HashMap<>();
private Cache() {}
public static synchronized Cache getInstance() {
return instance;
}
public void addToCache(Long id, Object object) {
if (!cache.containsKey(id))
cache.put(id, object);
}
public void removeFromCache(Long id) {
if (cache.containsKey(id))
cache.remove(id);
}
public Object getFromCache(Long id) {
305
EJB-
return cache.get(id);
else
return null;
}
}
EJB3.1 EJB-,
Singleton (). ,
EJB-.
,
.7.6. EJB- .
.7.6. , EJB-

EJB- . , ( ,
EJB- ..). , ,
, , EJB-.
7.9 Java-
EJB- (7.10),
. @Singleton,

getInstance(). , .
@javax.ejb.Singleton API-,
@Stateless, 7.7.
7.10. EJB-
@Singleton
public class CacheEJB {
}
306 7. EJB-
cache.remove(id);
}
else
return null;
}
}
, EJB-
, :
. EJB-
. ,
.

EJB-, , , .
EJB- . ,
CacheEJB ( 7.10)
. EJB- , .
, EJB- . EJB @Startup, , , .
, :
@Singleton
@Startup
public class CacheEJB {...}

Java EE7 @Startup
EJB, MBean-
. , Java EE8.
EJB-
, EJB-,
. , CacheEJB , EJB-
307

(, CountryCodeEJB, ISO- ). CountryCodeEJB
CacheEJB.
EJB- , @javax.ejb.DependsOn. :
@Singleton
public class CountryCodeEJB {...}
@DependsOn("CountryCodeEJB")
@Singleton
@DependsOn ,
EJB-. ,
CacheEJB CountryCodeEJB ZipCodeEJB. @DependsOn("Country
CodeEJB", "ZipCodeEJB") , Country
CodeEJB ZipCodeEJB CacheEJB.
@Singleton
public class CountryCodeEJB {...}
@Singleton
public class ZipCodeEJB {...}
@DependsOn("CountryCodeEJB", "ZipCodeEJB")
@Startup
@Singleton
, ,
. CacheEJB ( @Startup), , , CountryCodeEJB
ZipCodeEJB , CacheEJB.

EJB-,
. , CacheEJB CountryCodeEJB
( .ear), .jar (technical.jar business.jar ).
, CacheEJB CountryCodeEJB:
@DependsOn("business.jar#CountryCodeEJB")
@Singleton
,
( ).

,
EJB-, .
308 7. EJB-
, ,
@ConcurrencyManagement
.
, (CMC), EJB-, ( XML-).
, EJB- (BMC),
EJB-.
, , ,
. EJB-
, ,
. , @AccessTimeout
( ,
-, , ConcurrentAccessExcep
tion).
,
( )
EJB-.
@Lock , .
READ ( ) WRITE (
).
@Lock(LockType.WRITE) , ,
,
, . , C1
, C2 ,
C1 .
@Lock(LockType.READ) , ,

EJB-. , C1 C2
.
@Lock , .
, ,
. ,
@Lock(WRITE). , 7.11,
CacheEJB WRITE EJB-. , WRITE getFromCache(),
READ.
309

7.11. EJB- ,

@Singleton
@Lock(LockType.WRITE)
@AccessTimeout(value = 20, unit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
}
cache.remove(id);
}
@Lock(LockType.READ)
else
return null;
}
}
7.11 @AccessTimeout.
,
.
addToCache() 20, ConcurrentAccessTimeoutException.
,
EJB-
, ,
EJB-, EJB-. .
Java- , synchronized volatile. , 7.12,
CacheEJB , EJB- (@Concurrency
Management(BEAN)), addToCache() removeFromCache() synchronized.
7.12. EJB- ,
EJB-
@Singleton
@ConcurrencyManagement(ConcurrencyManagementType.BEAN)
310 7. EJB-
public synchronized void addToCache(Long id, Object object) {
}
public synchronized void removeFromCache(Long id) {
cache.remove(id);
}
else
return null;
}
}

,
, ,
. @AccessTimeout
,
, . @AccessTimeout, -1,
,
, . @AccessTimeout, 0,
, . ConcurrentAccessException, , . ,
, , ,
EJB-, , .. 7.13 CacheEJB
addToCache(). , , ,

( -).
7.13. EJB-,

@Singleton
@AccessTimeout(0)
}
311

cache.remove(id);
}
@Lock(LockType.READ)
else
return null;
}
}

, . ,
, Java EE7 . JNDI,
. .
, , EJB-
, , JNDI-.
JNDI . JNDI , , ,
.
EJB ( ):
@EJB ,
EJB- ;
@PersistenceContext @PersistenceUnit EntityManager
EntityManagerFactory (.
6);
@WebServiceRef -;
@Resource , JDBC,
SessionContext, ,
JMS, , TimerService ..;
@Inject @Inject @Produces,
2.
7.14 EJB- . . ,
, -.
312 7. EJB-
7.14. EJB- ,
@Stateless
@EJB
private CustomerEJB customerEJB;
@Inject
private NumberGenerator generator;
@WebServiceRef
private ArtistWebService artistWebService;
private SessionContext ctx;
@Resource
public void setCtx(SessionContext ctx) {
this.ctx = ctx;
}
//...
}
API- SessionContext
EJB- -, . ( , ,
..). , EJB- ( ). EJB-
(, ). javax.ejb.SessionContext.
API SessionContext , EJB-. javax.ejb.EJBContext. .7.3
API- SessionContext.
7.3. SessionContext
etCallerPrincipal
java.security.Principal,
getRollbackOnly
getTimerService
javax.ejb.TimerService. EJB EJB .

EJB-
getUserTransaction
javax.transaction.UserTransaction . EJB-,
313

, EJB-
(Bean-Managed Transaction BMT),
isCallerInRole
lookup
EJB- JNDI
setRollbackOnly
EJB-

wasCancelCalled
, cancel()
Future, -
7.15, EJB- SessionContext @Resource. createBook ,

Book.
, .
7.15. EJB- , .
API- SessionContext
@Stateless
@Resource
private SessionContext context;
if (!context.isCallerInRole("admin"))
throw new SecurityException("
");
em.persist(book);
if (inventoryLevel(book) == TOO_MANY_BOOKS)
context.setRollbackOnly();
return book;
}
}

EJB-
, . ,
, , ,
.
, ,
314 7. EJB-
. , ,
, , ,
. , , ,
.
EJB 3.1 JMS EJB-, (. 13). (
JMS), JMS API , EJB-, , . JMS
( , ,
..), , .
EJB3.1 ,
EJB- @javax.ejb.Asynchro
nous. 7.16 OrderEJB, .
,
@Asynchronous.
7.16. OrderEJB,
@Stateless
public class OrderEJB {
@Asynchronous
public void sendEmailOrderComplete(Order order, Customer customer) {
// ,
}
@Asynchronous
public void printOrder(Order order) {
// ,
}
}
printOrder() sendEmailOrderComplete(),
. 7.16,
void. ,
,
.
void, java.util.concurrent.Future<V>, V . Future , .
, API- Future,
.
315

7.17 , Future<Integer>.
sendOrderToWorkflow()
Order. , (, - ..) status (). sendOrderToWorkflow() ,
status . Future.get() , - , Future.cancel() .
Future.cancel(), , . ,
sendOrderToWorkflow() SessionContext.wasCancelCalled()
, . javax.ejb.AsyncResult<V>, Future<V>.
, AsyncResult
, .
7.17. , Future
@Stateless
@Asynchronous
public class OrderEJB {
@Resource
SessionContext ctx;
public Future<Integer> sendOrderToWorkflow(Order order) {
Integer status = 0;
//
status = 1;
if (ctx. wasCancelCalled()) {
return new AsyncResult<>(2);
}
//
return new AsyncResult<>(status);
}
}
7.17 , @Asynchronous . . sendOrderToWorkflow(),

Future.get(), .
Future<Integer> status = orderEJB.sendOrderToWorkflow (order);
Integer statusValue = status.get();

Java EE7 ,
, ,
.
.
, ,
316 7. EJB-
XML-. JPA, . EJB-.
(@Stateless, @Stateful ..) , ( , , , ,
, ..),
, XML.
, , , XML-
.
XML- , ,
XML-.
.
, XML- ( ejb-jar.xml),
. 7.18 ,
ejb-jar.xml, ItemEJB (
7.2). EJB-, , (Stateless). , ,
(CMT) (Container).
7.18. ejb-jar.xml
version="3.2">
<enterprise-beans>
<session>
<remote>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter07.ItemRemote</remote>
<local>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter07.ItemLocal</local>
<local-bean/>
<ejb-class>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter07.ItemEJB</ejb-class>
<session-type>Stateless</session-type>
<transaction-type>Container</transaction-type>
</session>
</enterprise-beans>
</ejb-jar>
EJB- .jar,
META-INF/ejb-jar.xml. EJB-
.war
WEB-INF/ejb-jar.xml. XML- ,
, (,
EJB- /).
317

,

( , ,
..). , CD-BookStore ItemEJB (7.19) ,
( changeRate ).
EJB- - ,
0,80 .
7.19. EJB- ,

@Stateless
public Item convertPrice(Item item) {
item.setPrice(item.getPrice() * 0.80F);
item.setCurrency("Euros");
return item;
}
}
, , ,
,
.
, convertPrice(). . ,
-,
.
.
, (ejb-jar.xml) EJB3.2,
. (
JNDI). Java-: String, Character,
Byte, Short, Integer, Long, Boolean, Double Float. 7.20 ejbjar.xml, ItemEJB, : currencyEntry
String Euros changeRateEntry Float 0.80.
7.20. ItemEJB ejb-jar.xml
version="3.2">
<enterprise-beans>
<session>
<env-entry>
<env-entry-name>currencyEntry</env-entry-name>
318 7. EJB-
<env-entry-type>java.lang.String</env-entry-type>
<env-entry-value>Euros</env-entry-value>
</env-entry>
<env-entry>
<env-entry-name>changeRateEntry</env-entry-name>
<env-entry-type>java.lang.Float</env-entry-type>
<env-entry-value>0.80</env-entry-value>
</env-entry>
</session>
</enterprise-beans>
</ejb-jar>
, , ItemEJB , . 7.21 @Resource(name = "currencyEntry")

currencyEntry currency. ,
;
.
7.21. ItemEJB,
@Stateless
@Resource(name = "currencyEntry")
private String currency;
@Resource(name = "changeRateEntry")
private Float changeRate;
public Item convertPrice(Item item) {
item.setPrice(item.getPrice() * changeRate);
item.setCurrency(currency);
return item;
}
}
Java EE (, JSF-, - ..),

EJB- ,
.
EJB-, ,
, , (ejb-jar.xml). .jar, .
,
.jar .ear, .
.ear ,
(EJB- .jar -)
,
. , .7.7, -
319

-, , ,
EJB-
.jar, .war, .ear. EAR- ,
EJB-.
.7.7. EJB-
EJB 3.1 EJB Lite

- (WAR-). .7.7 , EJB-
WAR- . EJB- ,
META-INF/ejb-jar.xml WEB-INF/ejb-jar.xml. EJB Lite WAR- JAR-. EJB (, , JMS, ), .jar , .war.
EJB-
EJB- , ,
. ( , ,
, ..), -.
, EJB-
. ,
, - . ( ),
320 7. EJB-
EJB-, .
, EJB 3.1, EJB. EJB 3.1 API-
EJB- Java SE. Embeddable API ( javax.ejb.embeddable) EJB-, Java. ,
Java EE: , ,
.. EJB- API-
EJB Lite ( EJB-, ,
..), , EJB Lite ( , EJB).
7.22 Main, API- , ( javax.ejb.embeddable.
EJBContainer), EJB- .
7.22. Main,
public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) throws NamingException {
//
Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<>();
properties.put(EJBContainer.MODULES, new File("target/classes"));
// JNDI-
try (EJBContainer ec = EJBContainer.createEJBContainer(properties)) {
Context ctx = ec.getContext();
// Book
book.setTitle(" ");
book.setDescription("- ");
book.setIsbn("1-84173-742-2");
book.setIllustrations(false);
// EJB-
ItemEJB itemEJB = (ItemEJB) ctx.lookup("java:global/classes/ItemEJB");
// Book
itemEJB.createBook(book);
//
for (Book aBook : itemEJB.findBooks()) {
System.out.println(aBook);
}
}
}
}
321
EJB-
7.22, EJBContainer
(createEJBContainer()) . , ,
EJB- (
).
JNDI- (EJBContainer.getContext(), javax.na
ming.Context) ItemEJB ( JNDI-).
, ItemEJB ( 7.1)
EJB- , . ,
, , JPA Book.

. EJBContainer java.lang.AutoCloseable,
try-with-resources EJBContainer.close() .
7.22 Main, ,
EJB-. , EJB JavaSE:
Swing-, .
EJB-
, EJB-
, , , , EJB. EJB- :
POJO, (Swing), CDI MBean-, , EJB- JSF, , - (SOAP REST)
EJB- ( ).
. EJB, EJB- ( new).
EJB- ( ).
( @EJB @Inject)
JNDI-. EJB- .
, EJB- .

Java EE (@Re
source), (@PersistenceContext), - (@WebServiceRef)
.. @javax.ejb.EJB
EJB- . EJB-, -
.
322 7. EJB-
, EJB-
. EJB-,
EJB-. ,
ItemEJB @EJB:
@Stateless
public class ItemEJB {...}
// EJB-
@EJB ItemEJB itemEJB;
EJB- ,
, .
ItemEJB @LocalBean . EJB-
, :
@Stateless
@LocalBean
public class ItemEJB implements ItemLocal, ItemRemote {...}
// EJB-
@EJB ItemEJB itemEJB;
@EJB ItemLocal itemEJBLocal;
@EJB ItemRemote itemEJBRemote;
API @EJB . JNDI- EJB, .

EJB-, :
@EJB(lookup = "java:global/classes/ItemEJB") ItemRemote itemEJBRemote;
CDI
, EJB-
@EJB, .
: . @EJB , , - CDI-. @Inject.
@EJB @Inject,
. ,
CDI, 2. ,
, EJB-
CDI :
@Stateless
323
EJB-
@LocalBean
public class ItemEJB implements ItemLocal, ItemRemote {...}
// EJB- @Inject
@Inject ItemEJB itemEJB;
@Inject ItemLocal itemEJBLocal;
@Inject ItemRemote itemEJBRemote;
EJB-, ,
JNDI- . @Inject
, EJB, :
// EJB-
@Produces @EJB(lookup = "java:global/classes/ItemEJB") ItemRemote
itemEJBRemote;
// EJB-
@Inject ItemRemote itemEJBRemote;

( ).
JNDI EJB-
JNDI-.
JNDI
EJB-
JNDI, ,
. JNDI ,
, . . ,
, EJB- , , JNDI-. JNDI .
JNDI , , ,
.
JNDI API- ,
. JNDI
JavaSE ,
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
(DNS), API-.
Ini
tialContext, JNDI, EJB-
JNDI-,
JNDI-
324 7. EJB-
EJB- .
:
Context ctx = new InitialContext();
ItemRemote itemEJB = (ItemRemote)
ctx.lookup("java:global/cdbookstore/ItemEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.
ItemRemote");
EJB , EJB2.x,
, / XML-, Java-
.
: - (
).
EJB- , , -. EJB-: ,
. , , , . EJB-
, ,
. EJB- ,
,
.
, EJB-
. , ,
.
EJB- ( JDBC, , ..),
( SessionContext). EJB 3.1
, EJB- JNDI- EJB- Java
SE. EJB3.2 ,
.
EJB , . , , TimerService ,
.
8.
,

, . EJB,
- ( ,
..). : , .
, - . (/ )
. ,
, ,
.
EJB
. , ,
, -.
. , -

(,
, ,
).
, , ,
, , , . , ,
, .
EJB.
, , .

, new.
, JNDI.
. , ,
326 8. ,
,
, .
.
:
. , , ,
, . EJB , ,
, (@PostConstruct, @PreDestroy ..)
. , JNDI
.
, ,
, ,
, .
,
, ,
.
(.8.1),
.
1. , (
JNDI). ,
( @Startup).
.
2.
(@Inject, @Resource, @EJB, @PersistenceContext ..)
, .
3. @PostContruct, .
4. , ,
. ,
, ,
. ,
.
5. .
@PreDestroy, ,
.
, , , , .
327
,
.8.1. , ,
, ,
.
, ,
, . (
,
), .

EJB GlassFish
(GlassFish Administration Console). GlassFish EJB. (, ), , .
, . ;
EJB.
, ( @StartUp ), , (@DependsOn) , . ,
. , ,
-. , .
,
, ,
, , :
328 8. ,
(@Stateful @Stateless @Singleton). ,
, , , , .
. . , , (, ,
, , ).
, , , , ,
. .
, ( , ..),
. ,
, , .
. , (
java.io.Serializable). .8.2 , , .
1. , , ,
( JNDI).
.
2.
(@Inject, @Resource, @EJB, @PersistenceContext ..)
, .
3. @PostContruct, .
4. , .
5. ,
, @PrePassivate, , .
6. ,
@PostActivate,
.
7.
, .
8. 7, , @Remove,
@PreDestroy, , .
329

.8.2. ,
, ,
, .
,
,
.
/ , . , . , , @Stateful(passivationCapable = False).

, .
-, .
, , .8.1.
8.1. ,

@PostConstruct
@PreDestroy
, .

330 8. ,
8.1 ()
. ,
, , , @Remove
@PrePassivate
, . , . , ,
(, ,
, .)
@PostActivate
, .

Javax.ejb EJB3.2 (JSR 345) @PrePassivate
@PostActivate. EJB EJB. @PostConstruct
@PreDestroy CommonAnnotation 1.2 (JSR 250) javax.annotation (, , @Resource ,
, ).
( ).
.
void.
,
. , (
).
public, private, protected
, static final.
( init(),
, 8.2, @PostConstruct @PostActivate).
(, @PostConstruct
).

(.
7).
, , /
. 8.1
CacheEJB , @PostConstruct
. CacheEJB
initCache().
331

8.1. -,
@PostConstruct
@Singleton
@PostConstruct
private void initCache() {
cache.put(1L, " ");
cache.put(2L, " ");
}

else
returnnull;
}
8.2 , . ,
, . ,
, ( ).
8.2. ,
@Stateful
public class ShoppingCartEJB {
@Resource(lookup = "java:comp/defaultDataSource")
private DataSource ds;
private Connection connection;
private List<Item> cartItems = new ArrayList<>();

@PostConstruct
@PostActivate
private void init() {
connection = ds.getConnection();
}
@PreDestroy
@PrePassivate
private void close() {
connection.close();
}
//...
@Remove
public void checkout() {
cartItems.clear();
}
332 8. ,
, ,
, (
, )
ds . ,
, @PostConstruct (init() ),
. ,
Close() (@PrePassivate). JDBC-,
,
. - , Init() (@PostActivate). checkout() ( @Remove), , Close() ( @PreDestroy ).
, , SQL.

Java EE ,
. , , CD-Bookstore

, ,
30.
EJB 2.1 ,
API Thread. (UNIX- cron,
Quartz .) . 3.1
EJB .
,
.
EJB , .
EJB
, , , . ,
. .8.3 , .
-, EJB ( ) ,
EJB.
-
. , , , ,
. , .
333

.8.3.

, , MDB , , ,
, API .
, , @Schedule.

@Timeout.

, ,
UNIX- cron.
( ScheduleExpression)
( @Schedule ). :
year = "2008,2012,2016" dayOfWeek = "Sat,Sun" minute = "0-10,30,40"
.8.2 8.3 .
8.2.
second

( )
[0,59]
minute

( )
[0,59]
hour

( )
[0,23]
dayOfMonth

( )
[1,31] {"1st", "2nd",

"3rd", , "30th", "31st"}
{"Sun", "Mon",
"Tue", "Wed", "Thu",
"Fri", "Sat"} "Last"
(
334 8. ,
8.2 ()
) x( x )
month
[1,12] {"Jan", "Feb",

( )
"Mar", "Apr", "May",
"Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep",
"Oct, "Nov", "Dec"}
dayOfWeek

( )
year
timezone
,

zoneinfo ( tz)
[0,7] {"Sun", "Mon", *

"Tue", "Wed", "Thu",
"Fri", "Sat"} "0" "7"

*
(, , ..)
, . ,
. .8.3 ,
.
8.3.
year = "2010" month= "May"
second = "*" dayOfWeek = "*"
- year = "2008,2012,2016"
,
dayOfWeek = "Sat,Sun"
minute = "010,30,40"
second = "110"
dayOfWeek = "MonFri"
minute = "*/15"
second = "30/10"
UNIX- cron,
.
,
.8.4.
335

8.4.
dayOfWeek = "Wed"
second = "0", minute = "0", hour = "0",

dayOfMonth = "*", month = "*",
dayOfWeek = "Wed", year = "*"
6:55
minute = "55", hour = "6", dayOfWeek =

"MonFri"
6:55 minute = "55", hour = "6", dayOfWeek =
"MonFri", timezone = "Europe/Paris"

minute = "*", hour = "*"
second = "*", minute = "*", hour = "*"

30
second = "30", hour = "12", dayOfWeek =

"Mon, Fri"
minute = "*/5", hour = "*"
minute = "0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55",
hour = "*"
hour = "15", dayOfMonth = "Last Mon",

month = "Dec"
hour = "13", dayOfMonth = "3"
, hour = "12/2", dayOfMonth = "2nd Tue"

14
1 2
minute = "*/14", hour="1 , 2"
14
1 2
minute = "0,14,28,42,56", our = "1,2"
10 ,
30
second = "30/10"
10 ,
30
second = "30,40,50"

. ,
@javax.ejb.Schedule @Schedule ( XML-
ejb-jar.xml). @Schedule , .
8.3 StatisticsEJB, . statisticsItemsSold() ,
5:30 . generateReport()
336 8. ,
( @Schedule):
2 , 2 . RefreshCache() , .
8.3. Statistics EJB,
@Stateless
public class StatisticsEJB {
@Schedule(dayOfMonth = "1", hour = "5", minute = "30")
public void statisticsItemsSold() {
//...
}
@ Schedules({
@ Schedule(hour = "2"),
@ Schedule(hour = "14", dayOfWeek = "Wed")
})
public void generateReport() {
//...
}
@Schedule(minute = "*/10", hour = "*", persistent = false)
public void refreshCache() {
// ...
}
}

, EJB javax.ejb.TimerService ,
SessionContext (SessionContext.getTimerService(), . 7) JNDI. .8.5, API TimerService
,
.
8.5. TimerService API
createTimer
, .
createSingle
ActionTimer
,
.
,
createInterval
Timer
, ,

createCalendar
Timer
, , ScheduleExpression
getAllTimers
(
javax.ejb.Timer)
337

ScheduleExpression
. , ,
.8.2, ,
.8.4. , :
new
new
new
new
ScheduleExpression().dayOfMonth("Mon").month("Jan");
ScheduleExpression().second("10,30,50").minute("*/5").hour("10-14");
ScheduleExpression().dayOfWeek("1,5").timezone("Europe/Lisbon");
ScheduleExpression().dayOfMonth(customer.getBirthDay())
TimerService (createSingleActionTimer, createCalendarTimer

..) javax.ejb.Timer,
( , ..).
Timer EJB .
@javax.ejb.Timeout , Timer.
, @Timeout.
CustomerEJB (. 8.4) (
createCustomer()), . , ,
. , , ,
( @Resource).
CreateCustomer() ScheduleExpression. , ScheduleExpression customer, TimerConfig.
new TimerConfig(customer, true) ( true), customer.
8.4. CustomerEJB,
@Stateless
public class CustomerEJB {
@Resource
TimerService timerService;

ScheduleExpression birthDay = new ScheduleExpression().
dayOfMonth(customer.getBirthDay()).month(customer.getBirthMonth());
timerService.createCalendarTimer(birthDay, new TimerConfig(customer, true));
}
@Timeout
public void sendBirthdayEmail(Timer timer) {
Customer customer = (Customer) timer.getInfo();
// ...
}
338 8. ,
@Timeout (sendBirthday
Email() ) . Timer .
customer,
, getInfo(). ,
, @Timeout, ,
.
EJB
-. JavaEE - (
), EJB,
EJB ,
, .
, .
,
EJB. JAAS API.

XML. , (
) .
, .8.6. , .
8.6. ,
@PermitAll
, ( ) ( )
@DenyAll
,

( ).
, (,
launchNuclearWar()
, )
@RolesAllowed X
, ,
( )
@DeclareRoles
@RunAs
339
@RolesAllowed , ,
. ( - ).
String (
), String
( ). @DeclareRoles, ,
.

(@RolesAllowed, @DenyAll ..) Common Annotations1.2 (JSR 250) javax.annotation.se
curity.
8.5 ItemEJB, @RolesAllowed

. ,
, : user, employee admin.
deleteBook() ,
admin.
8.5. ,

@Stateless
@RolesAllowed({"user", "employee", "admin"})
}
em.persist(book);
return book;
}
@RolesAllowed("admin")
em.remove(em.merge(book));
}
}
@RolesAllowed ,
. @PermitAll @DenyAll .
, @PermitAll, EJB,
, . , @DenyAll
.
8.6, findBookById() @PermitAll, , user,
employee admin. , findConfidentialBook()
(@DenyAll).
340 8. ,
8.6. ,
@PermitAll @DenyAll
@Stateless
@PermitAll
}
em.persist(book);
return book;
}
@ RolesAllowed("admin")
}
@DenyAll
public Book findConfidentialBook(Long secureId) {
return em.find(Book.class, secureId);
}
}
@DeclareRoles , . . EJB 8.6 user, employee

admin, @RolesAllowed.
( EJB) @DeclareRoles. ,
, .

. ,
. , , @DeclareRoles.
ItemEJB 8.7 (HR,
salesDpt, user, employee admin). @RolesAllowed
( ).
8.7. ,
@Stateless
@DeclareRoles({"HR", "salesDpt"})
341

}
em.persist(book);
return book;
}
@RolesAllowed("admin")
}
}
, @RunAs, ,
. ,
, , , EJB ,
EJB .
, ItemEJB 8.8 role, employee admin.
,
inventoryDpt (@RunAs("inventoryDpt")). ,
createBook() InventoryEJB.addItem() inventoryDpt.
8.8. ,
@Stateless
@RunAs("inventoryDpt")
@EJB
private InventoryEJB inventory;
TypedQuery<Book> query = em.createNamedQuery("findAllBooks", Book.class);
}
em.persist(book);
inventory.addItem(book);
returnbook;
}
}
, . , - -
? .

, .
342 8. ,
( , , ..). ,
. , JAAS java.security.Principal, EJB,
.
SessionContext , :
isCallerInRole() boolean ,
;
getCallerPrincipal() java.security.Principal, .
, , . ItemEJB
8.9 ,
- . , ( @Resource).
deleteBook() , admin.
, java.lang.Se
curityException, .
createBook() - .
, getCallerPrincipal() Principal,
. ,
"paul", "special user" .
8.9. ,
@Stateless
@Resource
if (!ctx.isCallerInRole("admin"))
throw new SecurityException(" ");
}
if (ctx.isCallerInRole("employee") && !ctx.isCallerInRole("admin")) {
book.setCreatedBy("employee only");
} else if (ctx.getCallerPrincipal().getName().equals("paul")) {
book.setCreatedBy("special user");
}
em.persist(book);
returnbook;
}
}
343

4 Book
( 4.3), Derby.
Main (.4.4),
(
: tx.begin() tx.commit()).
, Main, 4, , (BookEJB). EJB ( ),
CRUD- Book , (CMT). (DatabasePopulator), , , CDI, (
@Inject). BookEJB, Book, DatabasePopulator, CDI-
XML GlassFish. BookEJB Main (.8.4),
(BookEJBIT).
,
(jdbc/chapter08DS), GlassFish chapter08DB (
@DataSourceDefinition, ).
Maven, :
src/main/java Book, BookEJB, BookEJBRemote,
DatabasePopulator DatabaseProducer;
src/main/resources persistence.xml, ,
Derby, beans.xml,
CDI;
src/test/java BookEJBIT, ;
pom.xml Maven Project Object Model (),
, .
Entity
8.10 Book, 4 (.4.3),
( JPA Bean
Validation). , Book 8.10 Serializable,
Main.
8.10. Book, NamedQuery
BeanValidation
@Entity
@NamedQuery(name = FIND_ALL, query = "SELECT bFROM Book b")
.8.4.
344 8. ,
345

public class Book implements Serializable {
public static final String FIND_ALL = "Book.findAllBooks";
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@NotNull
@Size(max = 2000)
privateBooleanillustrations;
//
}
BookEJB,

BookEJB , ,
CRUD Book. 8.11 Java, @javax.ejb.Stateless.
@LocalBean
BookEJBRemote (.8.12). EJB
@Inject, EntityManager DatabaseProducer (8.13). -
-:
findBooks findAllBooks, Book, ;
createBook Book ( null)
, ;
updateBook Book (
null) . merge()

;
deleteBook Book
( merge()), .
8.11. , ,
CRUD
@Stateless
@LocalBean
public class BookEJB implements BookEJBRemote {
@Inject
346 8. ,
TypedQuery<Book> query = em.createNamedQuery(FIND_ALL, Book.class);
}
public @NotNull Book createBook(@NotNull Book book) {
em.persist(book);
return book;
}
public @NotNull Book updateBook(@NotNull Book book) {
return em.merge(book);
}
public void deleteBook(@NotNull Book book) {
}
}
Main , 4 (.4.4), 8.11 , EntityManager

, EntityManagerFactory. EJB EntityManager,
EJB. , JPA
tx.begin() tx.commit(), .
CMT, .
BookEJB Main, BookEJB .
Java @Remote, 8.12.
8.12.
@Remote
public interface BookEJBRemote {
void deleteBook(Book book);
Book updateBook(Book book);
}
CDI DatabaseProducer
8.11 BookEJB EntityManager
@Inject. , JPA
, ( "chapter08PU").
@Inject (
@Inject("chapter08PU")),
EntityManager : @PersistenceContext(unitName = "chapter08PU").
CDI- ( 2) -
347

8.13 EntityManager,
@Inject.
8.13. CDI , EntityManager
public class DatabaseProducer {

@Produces
}
BookEJB
4 (.4.5) JDBC,
URL JDBC, Derby, (transaction-type = "RESOURCE_LOCAL").
, , , EJB
. transaction-type (8.14)
"JTA". , 4.5
, JPA
(EclipseLink), , . , ,
JPA ( EJB).
, (
<class> persistence.xml).
8.14. , chapter08DS

version="2.1">
<persistence-unit name="chapter08PU" transaction-type="JTA">
<jta-data-source>java:global/jdbc/chapter08DS</jta-data-source>
<properties>
<property name="eclipselink.target-database" value="DERBY"/>
<property name="eclipselink.ddl-generation" value="drop-and-createtables"/>
<property name="eclipselink.logging.level" value="INFO"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
8.11 BookEJB EntityManager, chapter08PU. ( 8.14) , (jdbc/chapter08DS), (URL,

JDBC- ..).
348 8. ,
DatabasePopulator

jdbc/chapter08DS, ,
EJB. .
@DataSourceDefinition
(8.15).
. GlassFish,
.
8.15. ,

@Singleton
@Startup
@DataSourceDefinition(
className = "org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDataSource",
name = "java:global/jdbc/chapter08DS",
user = "app",
password = "app",
databaseName = "chapter08DB",
properties = {"connectionAttributes=;create=true"}
)
public class DatabasePopulator {
@Inject
private Book h2g2;
private Book lord;
@PostConstruct
private void populateDB() {
h2g2 = new Book(" Java EE7", 35F, " ",
"1-8763-9125-7", 605, true);
lord = new Book(" ", 50.4f, "", "1-84023-742-2",
1216, true);
bookEJB.createBook(h2g2);
bookEJB.createBook(lord);
}
@PreDestroy
private void clearDB() {
bookEJB.deleteBook(h2g2);
bookEJB.deleteBook(lord);
}
}
DatabasePopulator (.8.15)
(@Startup).
populateDB(), @PostConstruct. BookEJB
. clearDB() (
@PostConstruct) .
349

@DataSourceDefinition
,
GlassFish .
. , Derby
GlassFish .

@DataSourceDefinition , 13 (13.18), JMS2.0 (Connextion
Factory Destination) @JMSConnectionFactoryDefinition @JMS
DestinationDefinition.
. GlassFish
, .
:
$ asadmin create-jdbc-connection-pool
--datasourceclassname=org.apache.derby.jdbc.ClientDataSource
--restype=javax.sql.DataSource
--property portNumber=1527:password=APP:user=APP:serverName=localhost:
databaseName=chapter08DB:connectionAttributes=;create\=true Chapter08Pool
Chapter08Pool Derby
: (chapter08DB),
(localhost) (1527), , (APP) (APP)
. , Derby
( connectionAttributes=;crea
te\=TRUE). , :
$ asadmin ping-connection-pool Chapter08Pool

chapter08DB , Derby .
,
jdbc/chapter08DS
:
$ asadmin create-jdbc-resource --connectionpoolid
Chapter08Pool jdbc/chapter08DS
, GlassFish, :
$ asadmin list-jdbc-resources
BookEJBIT
1.x2.xEJB BookEJB :
. EJB
, ,
350 8. ,
Java SE. ,
, JAR ,
, pom.xml ( , 8.17) glassfish-embedded-all.
4 ,
,
. EJB,
Derby,
EJB.
,
JUnit (8.16). EJBContainer(EJBContainer.create
EJBContainer()), JNDI, EJB
,
. try-with-resources try.
8.16. BookEJB
public class BookEJBIT {

@Test
public void shouldCreateABook() throws Exception {
Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<>();
properties.put(EJBContainer.MODULES, new File("target/classes"));
try (EJBContainer ec = EJBContainer.createEJBContainer(properties)) {
Contextctx = ec.getContext();
// JNDI ( EJB)
assertNotNull(ctx.lookup("java:global/jdbc/chapter08DS"));
assertNotNull(
ctx.lookup("java:global/classes/BookEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter08.
BookEJBRemote"));
assertNotNull(
BookEJB"));
// EJB
BookEJB bookEJB = (BookEJB)
BookEJB");
// , (
// DBPopulator)
assertEquals(2, bookEJB.findBooks().size());
//
Book book = new Book("H2G2", 12.5F, " ", "1-24561-799-0",
354, false);
//
book = bookEJB.createBook(book);
assertNotNull("ID ", book.getId());
// ,
//
351

bookEJB.deleteBook(book);
// ,
}
}
ShouldCreateABook() , ( ,
DatabasePopulator ),
, , ,
, .
EJB, JNDI
BookEJB ( ).
,
Maven
Maven ,
Book, BookEJB, BookEJBRemote, DatabasePopulator CDI
DatabaseProducer. Maven
.jar (persistence.xml), CDI beans.xml. 8.17
Maven pom.xml .
glassfish-embedded-all, Java EE7 API, JUnit . chapter08-service-1.0.jar.
Maven , JavaSE7, maven-compiler-plugin , 8.17.
8.17. pom.xml , EJB

<parent>
</parent>
<artifactId>chapter08-service</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.main.extras</groupId>
<artifactId>glassfish-embedded-all</artifactId>
352 8. ,
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>verify</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
, glassfishembedded-all ( <scope>provided</scope> ), test

(<scope>test</scope>) EJB.
Maven:
$ mvn package
BUILD SUCCESSFUL, ,
. , target, , Maven chapter08-services-1.0.jar.
353

(.8.16) Maven Failsafe, Maven:
GlassFish
, c .jar,
GlassFish. , , GlassFish Derby .
asadmin GlassFish.
.
$ asadmin deploy --force=true target\chapter08-service-1.0.jar
, EJB , ,
GlassFish; Derby , ,
, Main.
Main
Java EE -,
EJB ( 10, -
JSF EJB). Java.
Main (8.18) JNDI InitialContext,
BookEJBRemote ( JNDI).
, Main EJB,
. main()
EJB, , Book
EJB createBook() . , .
Main , Book
, Java
Java, JPA. EJB . ,
.
8.18. Main, BookEJBRemote
public class Main {

// EJB
BookEJBRemote bookEJB = (BookEJBRemote) ctx.lookup("java:global/
chapter08-service-1.0/BookEJB!org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter08.
BookEJBRemote");
//
List<Book> books = bookEJB.findBooks();
for (Book aBook : books) {
System.out.println(aBook);
}
354 8. ,
//
Book book = new Book("H2G2", 12.5F, " ", "1-24561-799-0",
354, false);
System.out.println(" : " + book);
book.setTitle("H2G2");
book = bookEJB.updateBook(book);
System.out.println(" : " + book);
bookEJB.deleteBook(book);
System.out.println(" ");
}
}
Maven Exec , Maven

Main (. 8.18). ,
.
$ MVN Exec : Java
, , ,
, ,
, . , ,
,
(). - ,
- (@PostConstruct, @PreDestroy ..).
EJB3.1 ,
. cron, ,
, ,
.
, , -
.
, .
JAAS API.
9.
. .
, . EJB
:
, , .
Java EE7 Managed Beans .

: ( , ), , ..
, .
, , . EJB
.

. , EJB: BTM. , Managed Beans.

, , , ,
. , .
, , .
, MOM
( , ) . ,
.
- , .
,
( , ).
, (
356 9.
).
, ACID.
ACID
ACID ,
, : (Atomicity), (Consistency), (Isolation) (Durability)
( .9.1). ,
: , .
9.1. ACID
, .
(),
() , -
, :
SQL update, update,
, . (), ,
. , ,
(). ,
, ,
( , ,
, ). , ( , ) (, ,
).
().

(, ). -
357

, ,
.

.
,
, .
,
, .
, ,
, , . ,
, .

.
, .
, .
.
( ) . , .
. ,
.
, .
, .
( ) . , .
, ,
- ,
.
. , .
JTA
, , ACID.
, (, ). ,
, , JTA.
358 9.
, - , API. .9.1 ,
.
.9.1.
, .9.1,
- .
, . , , (,
) .
.
, JMS Java.
,
( , ..).
ACID. , ,
.
XA
, (
.9.1) JTA. . -
359

,
.
. XA Java (JTS).
.9.2 ,
. ,
, , JMS.
.9.2. XA,
,

XA (eXtendedArchitecture ). ,
Open Group (www.opengroup.org)
(DTP) ACID. JTA
. XA
(2pc), , ,
.
,
.
, , ,
.
. ,

, .9.3. 1
,
, - .
, . ,
360 9.
, , .
.9.3.
(.9.4). JTS, (OMG)

Object Transaction Service (OTS),
Internet
Inter-ORB Protocol (IIOP).
.9.2, , .9.4

IIOP. . JTS , .
EJB- , JTA, JTS .
Java EE7, EJB Managed Beans Java

Transaction API (JTA), JSR 907. JTA
, . , API,
. javax.transaction .
361

.9.4. XA
JTS , ,
JTA Java CORBA1.1
. JTS CORBA IIOP
. JTS ,
.
, , JTS/JTA API Java.
EJB, (, ,
JTS JTA).
JTA
JTA API Java EE.
, .
, JTA
XA.
JTA 1.0 1999
1.1 2002.
JTA1.2 Java EE7.
1.2 JTA
Java EE EJB, JTA API . JTA (JSR 907),
362 9.
EJB (JSR 345) 1999. EJB
, JTA, .
Managed Beans, Java EE7,
, EJB. JTA
. JTA1.2
EJB, @TransactionScope CDI.
JTA API , ,
.9.2.
9.2. JTA
javax.transaction
API JTA
javax.transaction.xa
,
XA

JTA
GlassFish. GlassFish, . , ,
, JBoss Transaction Manager, Atomikos Bitronix JTA.
EJB
-, EJB,
, JTA . EJB
, ,

,
. EJB , JTA
JTS, ,
EJB / .
Java EE ,
, JMS
.
EJB
. EJB,
.
(CMT), EJB ( ).
,
(BMT) ( -
363
EJB
). ,
.
. .
JTA ( JTA
), ,
. EJB MDB
(.13 MDB). , ,
EJB .
7 ,
, . 9.1 , CMT. , . EJB
. (REQUIRED , ,
).
9.1. , CMT
@Stateless
@Inject
}
em.persist(book);
return book;
}
}
, 9.1 . . .9.5 , , createBook(). ,

,
. , , , createBook().

( , ).
364 9.
.9.5.
4:addItem() ,
3:createBook() ( , ), . ,
. ( XML). (REQUIRED, REQUIRES_NEW, SUPPORTS,
MANDATORY, NOT_SUPPORTED NEVER) , : , ,
, ,
. .9.3 .
9.3. CMT
REQUIRED
( ) ,
. ,
, .
, -
. REQUIRED
, ,
, ,

REQUIRES_
NEW
,
. ,
, ,
, ,
. ,
.
REQUIRES_NEW, ,
365
EJB
SUPPORTS
MANDA
TORY
NOT_SUP
PORTED
NEVER
EJB .
, , .
SUPPORTS,

-,
.
, , javax.ejb.EJBTransactionRequiredException
EJB .
, , , , , ,
EJB , . ,
javax.ejb.EJBException
.9.6 ,
EJB . , createBook() (
) addItem(), MANDATORY,
. .9.6 , ,
.
.9.6. InventoryEJB,
366 9.
, @javax.ejb.Transac
tionAttribute ( <trans-attribute>
EJB-jar.xml). , . ,
- . 9.2 ,
ItemEJB SUPPORTS. , createBook(), REQUIRED.
9.2. , ,
@Stateless
@TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.SUPPORTS)
@Inject
}
@TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.REQUIRED)
em.persist(book);
returnbook;
}
}

(@Asynchronous). MDB REQUIRES NOT_SUP
PORTED, 13.
CMT
, EJB , . ,
, ,
- -. , CMT . EJB (. 7) ,
.
9.3, InventoryEJB oneItemSold(),
JMS , ,
. ,
. , ,
367

, SessionContext , setRollbackOnly().
, , ,
. CMT ( BMT ,
, ).
9.3. , ,
@Stateless
public class InventoryEJB {
@Resource
public void oneItemSold(Item item) {
item.decreaseAvailableStock();
sendShippingMessage();
if (inventoryLevel(item) == 0)
ctx.setRollbackOnly();
}
}
SessionContext.getRollbackOnly(),
boolean, ,
.
.

Java ,
, .
EJB .
, , -
. , .
EJB3.2 .
-, EJB. , ,
,
. , . .9.4, (
java.lang.Exception), (
RuntimeException) .
368 9.
,
, JNDI-, JVM-, ..
RuntimeException java.rmi.RemoteException (, , javax.ejb.EJBException).
, .
, , ,
, ArithmeticException , ClassCastException ,
IllegalArgumentException NullPointerException, .
.
9.3 ,
9.4.
9.4. , ,
@Stateless
public void oneItemSold(Item item) throws InventoryLevelTooLowException{
throw new InventoryLevelTooLowException();
}
}
InventoryLevelTooLowException ,
- oneItemSold(). ,
, -. @javax.ejb.Ap
plicationException ( XML ).
rollback,
true , . 9.5
InventoryLevelTooLowException,
.
9.5. , rollback = true
@ApplicationException(rollback = true)
public class InventoryLevelTooLowException extends Exception {
public InventoryLevelTooLowException() { }
public InventoryLevelTooLowException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
InventoryEJB 9.4 , 9.5,
369

, . ,
InventoryLevelTooLowException @ApplicationException(rollback =
true). .9.4 .
Exception @ApplicationException,
,
.
9.4.
@ApplicationException
Exception
Exception
rollback = true
Exception
rollback = false
RuntimeException
RuntimeException
rollback = true
RuntimeException
rollback = false
, . CMT
,
.
CMT
(,
). , EJB
BMT. BMT
(, , ) JTA.
CMT BMT, @javax.ejb.
TransactionManagement ( XML- ejb-jar.xml) :
@Stateless
@TransactionManagement(TransactionManagementType.BEAN)
public class ItemEJB {...}
BMT , EJB .
, .
, , javax.transaction.
UserTransaction. ,
, - .. EJB
UserTransaction, ,
JNDI SessionContext ( SessionContext.
getUserTransaction()). API .9.5.
370 9.
9.5. javax.transaction.UserTransaction
begin
commit
rollback
setRollbackOnly
getStatus
setTransactionTimeout
9.6 , BMT.
UserTransaction
@Resource. OneItemSold() , , , -,
. , catch
( ).
9.6. ,
@Stateless
@TransactionManagement(TransactionManagementType.BEAN)
@Resource
private UserTransaction ut;
public void oneItemSold(Item item) {
try {
ut.begin();
ut.rollback();
else
ut.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
ut.rollback();
}
sendInventoryAlert();
}
}
CMT, 9.3, , CMT

. BMT, 9.6, .
371
Managed Beans

Managed Beans
, CMT
EJB.

(REQUIRED, REQUIRES_NEW), (SUPPORTS) , (MANDATORY). ,
, , JTA.
Managed Beans , Java EE7 EJB.
(.2).
Managed Beans CDI, 9.7.
9.7. @javax.transaction.Transactional
@Inherited
@InterceptorBinding
@Target({TYPE, METHOD})
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface Transactional {
TxType value() default TxType.REQUIRED;
Class[] rollbackOn() default {};
Class[] dontRollbackOn() default {};
public enum TxType {
REQUIRED,
REQUIRES_NEW,
MANDATORY,
SUPPORTS,
NOT_SUPPORTED,
NEVER
}
}
javax.transaction.Transactional (.9.7) CDI

Managed Beans, , JAX-RS JAX-WS. EJB CDI
EJB, RMI .
, 9.8 - JAX-RS (
15), @Transactional,
EntityManager .
Java EE7.
- RESTful @Stateless,
.
372 9.
9.8. - RESTful,
@Path("book")
@Transactional
public class BookRestService {
@Context
private UriInfo uriInfo;
@POST
@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)
public Response createBook(Book book) {
em.persist(book);
URI bookUri = uriInfo.getAbsolutePathBuilder().path(book.getId().toString()).
build();
return Response.created(bookUri).build();
}
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)
@Transactional(Transactional.TxType.SUPPORTS)
public Books getAllBooks() {
Books books = new Books(query.getResultList());
return books;
}
}

(, SUPPORTS) . 9.8, @Transactional /
.
. Managed Beans EJB. EJB,
: ( ) ,
, ( ) .
@Transactional rollbackOn dontRollbackOn. , . , dontRollbackOn
.
, :
@Transactional(rollbackOn={Exception.class})
, , IllegalStateException (-
373
) , dontRollbackOn :
@Transactional(dontRollbackOn={IllegalStateException.class})
.
:
@Transactional(rollbackOn={SQLException.class},
dontRollbackOn={SQLWarning.class, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class})

EJB (
@ApplicationException). , , rollbackOn dontRollbackOn.
, EJB Managed Beans.

.
- ,
. ACID ( , JMS, - ..). CMT
EJB . ,
EJB .
BMT, JTA. Java EE7 , -,
CDI.
10.
JavaServer Faces
, ,
. :
, -, , ,
,
.
- .
-, , .
, , , . - , .
- , ,
. ,
- . Web2.0,
, -
. JavaServer Faces (JSF,
Faces) , .
Swing , JSF
, , - , , . -
,
( , , )
(RAD).
-, HTML, CSS
JavaScript. - JSF, .
-
-, , : (, - ), ,
, , , .. -
375
-
, ,
, , . , .
- .
, , HTML,
XHTML, CSS JavaScript.
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) -. (SGML), , . HTML , ,
, , , , , ..
HTML- ,
.
, .html .htm. -
, , ,
, , JavaScript-
CSS-. 10.1 , HTML
.
10.1. newBook.html, HTML
<H1> </h1>
<hr>
<TABLE border=0>
<TR>
<TD>ISBN :</TD>
<TD><input type=text/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> :</td>
<TD><input type=text/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> :
<TD><input type=text/>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> :
<td><textarea name=textarea cols=20 rows=5></textarea>
</tr>
<TR>
<TD> :
<td><input type=text/>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> :
<td><input type="checkbox"/>
376 10. JavaServer Faces

</tr>
</table>
<input type=submit value=>
<hr>
<em>APress Java EE7</em>
, HTML <html>,
. <head> <body>.
<body> , HTML,
, , . 10.1, newBook.html ,
.
, .10.1.
.10.1. newBook.html
, .10.1, ,
10.1 XML.
<html>, <head> <body>.
<input type=submit value=> <hr> .
(border=0 border="0").
(,
<TR> </tr>).

. , , , XML-, . , ,
-,
377
-
XML-
(eXtensible HyperText Markup Language, XHTML).

HTML5 . HTML5
, <video>, <audio> <canvas>, (SVG).
,
API. HTML5 -
, .
XHTML
XHTML HTML4.01. HTML,
XML. , XHTML XML,
. XHTML- (
.xhtml) XML, .
HTML, ,

XML (XSL, XSLT, XSL- ..). , XHTML , HTML, .
10.2 , -
, XHTML.
10.2. newBook.xhtml XML

<!DOCTYPE html
PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
<title> </title>
</head>
<body>
<h1> </h1>
<hr/>
<table border="0">
<tr>
<td>ISBN :</td>
<td><input type="text"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> :</td>
</tr>
<tr>

<td> :</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> :</td>
<td><textarea cols="20" rows="5"></textarea></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> :</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> :</td>
<td><input type="checkbox"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
<input type="submit" value=""/>
<hr/>
</body>
</html>
10.1 10.2 : 10.2 <html>, <head> <body>.

, , ( <td> ,
<hr> <hr/>);
(<table border="0"> <table border='0'>, <table border=0>)
(<tr> <TR>). 10.1: , HTML-,
.
XML XHTML, , ,
. , XHTML, XML-, HTML4.01.
.
XHTML 1.0 Transitional XHTML, ( center, font strike),
.
XHTML 1.0 Frameset , ( 1990).
XHTML 1.0 Strict XHTML, HTML4.01.
CSS
, HTML, XHTML,
CSS JavaScript. (CSS)
379
-
, HTML XHTML. CSS , ,
. ( XHTML) ( CSS).
HTTP, HTML XHTML, CSS
World Wide Web (W3C).
, newBook.xhtml,
(font-style: italic;), (color: # 000099;)
(font-size: 22px;).
. CSS ( <style
type="text/css">) (, .row )
(, body, table h1). (10.3)
,
(<td class="row">).
10.3. NewBook.xhtml, CSS
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

<head>
<title> </title>
<style type="text/css">
body {
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
}
table {
border: 0;
}
h1 {
font-size: 22px;
color: blue;
font-style: italic;
}
.row {
font-style: italic;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1> </h1>
<hr/>
<table>
<tr>
<td class="row">ISBN :</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="row"> :</td>

</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
</table>
<input type="submit" value=""/>
<hr/>
</body>
</html>
10.3 CSS XHTML.

,
-. -
CSS , .
.10.1 ,
(.10.2).
.10.2. newBook.xhtml
CSS
381
-
DOM
XHTML XML-
(DOM). DOM W3C, XML, API , . DOM
. 10.3 , newBo
ok.xhtml DOM. html,
head body, body tr.
.10.3. newBook.xhtml
DOM XML-.
( ). JavaScript - .
11, AJAX JavaScript DOM-
-.
JavaScript
,
-. ,
. , , JSF, , JavaScript.
JavaScript , -.
, Java,
, . JavaScript
-
, DOM . W3C DOM, (ECMA) JavaScript ECMAScript.

, (XHTML, CSS JavaScript),
,
.
JavaScript DOM newBook.xhtml,
10.4. ,
. , .
, JavaScript (priceRequired()), , .
10.4. newBook.xhtml, JavaScript

<head>
<title> </title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function priceRequired() {
if (document.getElementById("price").value == "") {
document.getElementById("priceError").innerHTML =
", !";
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1> </h1>
<hr/>
<table border="0">
<tr>
<td>ISBN :</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> :</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> :</td>
<td><input id="price" type="text" onblur ="javascript:priceRequired()"/>
<span id="priceError"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> :</td>
</tr>
383
-
<tr>
<td> :</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> :</td>
</tr>
</table>
<input name="" type="submit" value=""/>
<hr/>
</body>
</html>
10.4 JavaScript priceRequired() <script> ( ). , price ( onblur).

priceRequired() document, DOM XHTML. GetElementById("price")
price (<input id="price">) , .
, , priceError
(getElementById("priceError")), ", !".
, , .10.4.
.10.4. NewBook.html
JavaScript . , JavaScript DOM.

, JavaScript (

ID, GetElementById())
. . AJAX 11.
JSF
, ,
XHTML CSS,
-.
-,
JavaScript, .
- EJB, .
JSF .
JSF (.10.5), -.
JSF -,
HTTP- Faces HTML.
(
), (, ,
..), ,
, Swing. Swing Java
JavaSE, 1.2.
GUI-, (
-)
, . JSF
(UI) (, , , ..) . .10.5 JSF
.
.10.5. JSF
385
JSF
.10.5 JSF,
.
FacesServlet faces-config.xml. FacesServlet
faces-config.xml.
. JSF PDL,
Facelets JSF2.0.
. .
. (Date, Boolean ..),
(String).
. , , ,
( Bean Validation).
. - , .
AJAX. JSF2.2 AJAX,
11.
(EL). EL JSF -.
FacesServlet
- Model
View Controller (MVC ), JSF
. MVC ,
() (, ).
, . JSF
FacesServlet. , -.
FacesServlet,
-.
JSF.
. JSF1.2
faces-config.xml. ,
JSF2.2,
( -, ,
, ).

JSF (, ), . PDL. JSF

PDL, Facelets
JSF2.2 ( Facelets ).
Facelets ( , ), ( , ,
..). JSF . ,
(, ,
..).
, 10.5, XHTML- Facelets, JSF (xmlns:h="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/html")
(ISBN ) .
JSF-.
, , (<h:head>), (<h:body>)
(<h:form>). ,
(<h:outputLabel>), (<h:inputText>) (<h:commandButton>).
, HTML-
(<table>, <tr>, <hr/> ..).
10.5. JSF, JSF HTML

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:h="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/
html">
<h:head>
<title> </title>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h1> </h1>
<hr/>
<h:form>
<table border="0">
<tr>
<td><h:outputLabel value="ISBN : "/></td>
<td><h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.isbn}"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h:outputLabel value=" :"/></td>
<td><h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.title}"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h:commandButton value=" "
action="#{bookController.doCreateBook}" styleClass="submit"/>
</h:form>
<hr/>
</h:body>
</html>
387
JSF
Facelets
JSF JSP
(JavaServer Page) PDL, JavaEE.
JSP JSTL EL (JSP Standard Tag Library
JSP), ,
JSF. JSP , JSF ,
. JSP JSF
. JSP , .
JSF , .
Facelets, JSF.
Facelets JSP
. JSP, EL JSTL JSR Java EE. Facelets
JSP XML (XHTML)
JSF-. Facelets JSF,
. - Facelets
JSF2.0 JavaEE7 PDL JSF.
JSF :
.

. ,
(, ..)
.
.
: ,
, ,
.
,
. JSF

HTML4.01. JSF

(WML), (SVG) ..

,
. , , .
: ( Integer, Date, Boolean

..) . JSF ( javax.faces.con
vert), .

. , , ,
.
. JSF (LengthValidator,
RegexValidator ..).
.
, . JSF2.0 Bean Validation (
3).
-
: , , , ?
- - (, EJB RESTful--). , EJB
.
- Java, , - ( -
11).
- EL. isbn book -
doCreateBook:
<h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.isbn}"/>
<h:commandButton value="Create" action="#{bookController.doCreateBook}"/>

book.isbn -, BookController .
book.isbn
-. - .
, . Submit (), , ( doCreate
Book()).
10.6 - BookController. Java
CDI- @Named, EL.
book, (value="#{book
Controller.book.isbn}"). doCreateBook() EJB, , ,
(listBooks.xhtml):
389
JSF
10.6. - BookController
@Named
@RequestScoped
@Inject
}
//
}

JSF - Java
EL. EL , . EL :
#{expr}
#{expr} JSF. EL
Java:
: +, , *, / (), % ( );
: == (), != ( ), < (), > (), <= ( ), >= ( );
: && (), || (), ! ();
: (), empty, [].
, , (> gt; / div ..).
JSF XML- .
< #{2 lt 3}, #{2 < 3}.
empty ,
, , . true,
, false. ,
null.
#{empty book}
#{empty book.isbn}
(.) isbn book.

[]. isbn :
#{book.isbn}
#{book[isbn]}

EL 3.0 . , ,
book.buy(), ( ):
# {book.buy()}
# {book.buy(EURO)}
AJAX
- .
, AJAX.
(1.x) JSF ,
, a4jsf. JSF2.0, AJAX
JavaScript (jsf.js),
<f:ajax>. , <f:ajax>
, :
<h:commandButton value=" " action="#{bookController.
doCreateBook}">
<f:ajax execute="@form" render=":booklist"/>
</h:commandButton>
, : 11
AJAX.
JSF
- Java 1996 Servlet API,
-.
HTTP API (HttpServletRequest,
HttpServletResponse, HttpSession ..), HTML-
Java. JSP 1999 , . 2004 JSF. 1.2,
2006, JSF JavaEE5. JSF2.2 JavaEE7.
-
- . (, , ..),
, .
.
Common Gateway Interface
(CGI). HTML- CGI,
( Perl Visual Basic), , , CGI ( HTTP-, HTTP
..) .
391
JSF
1995 Java.
API Annotation Window Toolkit
(AWT). , Java SE1.2, AWT, , Swing API (
, Java2D). Java
Netscape Navigator , . ,
. AWT
Swing -. .
Netscape JavaScript, . ,
JavaScript
-.
, Sun
-.
CGI,
HTTP, Java API ( , ..) HTML
, .
Sun JSP 1999 .
, JSP Java HTML, 2001

Struts. Servlet API MVC. ,
(Tapestry, Wicket, WebWork, DWR,
Spring MVC ..). JSF2.2 - Java
EE7. Struts Tapestry Java. Google Web Toolkit
(GWT), Flex JavaFX JSF.

JSP 1.2 Servlet 2.3 JSR53. JSTL
JSR52. 2002 JSP2.0 JSR152. 2006 JSP2.1 Java EE5
JSF JSP EL. Java EE7 JSP, EL (JSP2.3 Expression Language3.0). JSP, , JSF
- Java EE.
JSF
JSF 1.0 2001 JSR127, 2004 1.1.
1.2 JavaEE JSR252 2006.
, JSP EL. , JSF JSP ,
JSP ,
Facelets.

JSF2.0 , JSR314 Java
EE6. ,
( -, , ),
, GET,
POST ( ),
( , CSS, JavaScript...).
, AJAX. JSF2.2 (JSR344)
.
JSF2.2
JSF2.2 (JSR344) 2.1,
, .
HTML
HTML- JSF .
id HTML5 HTML, HTML5
id .
Faces Flow JSF.
JSF2.2. ,
, , ..
AJAX JSF
AJAX-.
, .
JSF JSF2.1
JSF . JSF2.2 ( , , ..).
CDI JSF2.0
-. CDI
- JSF, JSF2.2 CDI ( , javax.faces.bean
JSF).
.10.1 , JavaServer
Faces2.2.
10.1. JavaServer Faces
javax.faces
API JavaServer Faces
javax.faces.application API, -
JavaServer Faces
javax.faces.component API
javax.faces.context
393
JSF-
javax.faces.convert
javax.faces.event
, ,

javax.faces.flow
API Faces Flow
javax.faces.lifecycle
,
JSF
javax.faces.render
javax.faces.validator
javax.faces.webapp
, JSF -, Faces

Mojarra, ,
, JSF2.2
Oracle. Mojarra GlassFishv4
.
MyFaces Apache Software Foundation, , JavaServer Faces, MyFaces
Core JSF.
JSF-
JSF HTML- , JSF
. JSF-
, .
JSF HTML . JSF- HTML CSS , , .
JSF , ( JSF, ).
Java, -. ,
, .
JSF
JSF XHTML,
. . ,
( .10.1). 10.7 .
xmlns:h="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/html" ,

http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/html h. , , (<h:panelGrid>
<h:inputText>). ,
, .
10.7. JSF

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:h="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/html">
<h:head>
<title> </title>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h1> </h1>
<hr/>
<h:form>
<h:panelGrid columns="2">
<h:outputLabel value="ISBN : "/>
<h:outputLabel value=" :"/>
<h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.title}"/>
<h:outputLabel value=" : "/>
<h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.price}"/>
<h:inputTextarea value="#{bookController.book.description}" cols="20"
rows="5"/>
<h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.nbOfPage}"/>
<h:selectBooleanCheckbox value="#{bookController.book.illustrations}"/>
</h:panelGrid>
doCreateBook}"/>
</h:form>
<hr/>
<h:outputText value="APress Java EE7" style="font-style:
italic"/>
</h:body>
</html>
395
JSF-
JSF Java:
, , . XML (DTD) xhtml1-transitional.dtd. html http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml.
XML, , JSF (hf):
xmlns:h="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/html"
xmlns:f="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/core">
.10.2 , JSF JSTL Facelets. JSF Core HTML,

(
). , JSTL.
10.2. , Facelets PDL
URI
http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/html
HTML-
(h:commandButton, h:comandLink,
h:inputText ..)
http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/core
,
(f:selectItem,
f:validateLength, f:convertNumber ..)
http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/facelets
ui
http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/composite composite

http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsp/jstl/core
Facelets- JSP
(<c:if/>,<c:forEach/> <c:catch/>)
http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsp/jstl/
functions
fn
Facelets-
JSP
Body
10.7, JSF () , ,

, HTML-. JSF , <h:outputText>, .
Java, javax.faces.component.UIComponent. , , ,
.
JSF HTML-
, -. UIComponent .10.3. ,
javax.faces.component. HTML JSF HTML-, ja
vax.faces.component.html.
10.3. JSF
UIColumn
UIData
UICommand
, ,

UIComponent
JSF
UIComponentBase
, , , UIComponent
UIData
,
,
UIForm
UIGraphic
UIInput
, ,
, ..
UIMessage,
UIMessages
UIComponent
UIOutcomeTarget
UIOutput
, ,

UIPanel
, ,

UIParameter
UISelectBoolean
UISelectItem,
UISelectItems
397
JSF-
UISelectOne,
UISelectMany
,
,
UIViewAction
UIViewParameter
UIViewRoot
HTML- , 10.7, JSF HTML- , . HTML

, .10.3. , <h:outputLabel>
javax.faces.component.html.HtmlOutputLabel, UIOutput. <h:panelGrid> javax.faces.compo
nent.html.HtmlPanelGrid, UIPanel, .. XML 10.8
, 10.7.
10.8. XML newBook
<UIViewRoot>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<UIOutput><title> </title></UIOutput>
<UIOutput>
<h1> </h1>
<hr/>
<HtmlForm>
<HtmlPanelGrid>
<HtmlOutputLabel value="ISBN : "/>
<HtmlInputText/>
<HtmlOutputLabel value=" :"/>
<HtmlInputText/>
<HtmlOutputLabel value=" : "/>
<HtmlInputText/>
<HtmlInputTextarea/>
<HtmlInputText/>
<HtmlSelectBooleanCheckbox/>

</HtmlPanelGrid>
<HtmlCommandButton value=" "/>
</HtmlForm>
<hr/>
<HtmlOutputText value="APress Java EE7"
style="font-style: italic"/>
</UIOutput>
</html>
</UIViewRoot>

JSF,
<ui:debug> Ctrl+Shift+D.

JSF .
, ,
. . , .
-. JSF
, ( , ) . .10.6
JSF.
JSF .
1. . JSF
. , JSF
UIViewRoot ( ,
, 10.8).
, UIViewRoot HTTP.
2. . , (
-, cookies ),
. ,
, , .
3. .
. JSF
, ,
.
, . ,
.
.10.6. JSF
399
JSF-

4. . -.
5. . -. -,
, .
6. . .
,
, .
/ ,
, ,
. , . , : , , . ,
, .
JSF
JSF . HTML-, ,
, AJAX.
-:
JSF: HTML, Core Templating;
JSTL;
;
(
).
, , CSS
JavaScript. JSF ,
, ( ). , JSF
, HTTP, cookies HTTP.
HTML- JSF
JSF ,
HTML-,
HTTP. .
(, , ..). JSF
HTML, .
401
HTML- JSF
. ,
javax.faces.component.UIComponent ,
.
, ,
UIViewRoot (.10.8).
-. javax.faces.component.html
HTML-.
(UICommand) ,
, . , ,
. .10.4 ,
.
10.4.
<h:command
Button>
HtmlCommand
Button
HTML-,

<h:command
Link>
HtmlCommand
Link
HTML- ,
.

,
, , , , :
<h:commandButton value=""/>
<h:commandButton type="reset" value=""/>
<h:commandButton image="book.gif" title=""/>
<h:commandLink></h:commandLink>
commandButton submit, reset

(type="reset"). ,
value ( ), image,
, .
.

action . , doNew() BookController, EL , action:
<h:commandLink action="#{bookController.doNew}">

</h:commandLink>
-
HTTP- POST.
HTTP- GET,
(UIOutcomeTarget), .10.5. ,
JSF.
10.5.
<h:button> HtmlOutcomeTarget
Button
HTML
( HTTP- GET)
<h:link>
HTML <a> (
HTTP- GET)
HtmlOutcomeTarget
Link
, ,
<h:button outcome="newBook.xhtml" value="Abookmarkable button link"/>
<h:link outcome="newBook.xhtml" value="Abookmarkable link"/>
, .

(UIInput) ,
. , ,
.
.10.6.
10.6.
<h:input
Hidden>
HtmlInputHidden
HTML-
( )
403
HTML- JSF
<h:input
Secret>
HtmlInputSecret
HTML- .
( ), redisplay
true
<h:input
Text>
HtmlInputText
HTML-
<h:input
Textarea>
HtmlInputTextarea
HTML
<h:input
File>
HtmlInputFile
- ,
.
, , , :
<h:inputHidden value=" "/>
<h:inputSecret maxlength="8"/>
<h:inputText value=" "/>
<h:inputText size="40" value=" "/>
<h:inputTextarea rows="4" cols="20" value=" "/>
<h:inputFile/>
value,
. maxlength ,
, size
.
.

(, UIOutput) ,
-, . ,
.
.10.7 .

10.7.
<h:outputLabel>
<h:outputLink>
<h:outputText>
<h:outputFormat>
HtmlOutputLabel
HtmlOutputLink
HtmlOutputText
HtmlOutputFormat
HTML <label>
HTML <a>

- .
HTML-, JSF
, - EL. <h:outputText>
<h:outputLink> . , <h:commandLink>
<h:outputLink> , , - .
.
<h:outputLabel value="#{bookController.book.title}"/>
<h:outputText value=""/>
<h:outputLink value=" http://www.apress.com/"></h:outputLink>
<h:outputFormat value=" {0}. {1} ">
<f:param value="#{user.firstName}" />
<f:param value="#{user.itemsBought}" />
</h:outputFormat>
,
. HTML-:
<label> </label>
<ahref=" http://www.apress.com/"></a>
, . 5

, (.10.8),
.
.
10.8.
<h:selectBoolean
Checkbox>
HtmlSelectBoolean
Checkbox
<h:selectMany
Checkbox>
<h:selectMany
Listbox>
HtmlSelectMany
Checkbox
HtmlSelectMany
Listbox
,
.

,

405
HTML- JSF
<h:selectMany
Menu>
HtmlSelectMany
Menu
HTML- <select>
<h:selectOne
Listbox>
HtmlSelectOne
Listbox
<h:selectOneMenu>
HtmlSelectOneMenu
,
.
<h:selectOneRadio>
HtmlSelectOneRadio
, , ,
: <f:selectItem>
<f:selectItems>. . ,
<f:selectItem> <h:selectOneMenu>.
<h:selectOneMenu>
<f:selectItem itemLabel=""/>
</h:selectOneMenu>
.
, , ,
, -
(List, Set ..) .
: <h:graphicImage>
( HtmlGraphicImage). ,
. HTML- <img>.
, , .. , -
.
:
<h:graphicImage value="book.gif" height="200" width="320"/>

(.10.9). JSF
<h:dataTable>,
. , .
<h:panelGrid> <h:panelGroup> . <h:dataTable> ,
, <h:panelGrid>
.
10.9.
<h:dataTable>
HtmlDataTable
, HTML- <table>
<h:column>
HtmlColumn
<h:dataTable>
<h:panelGrid>
HtmlPanelGrid
HTML- <table>
<h:panelGroup> HtmlPanelGroup ,
<h:panelGrid>
<h:dataTable> <h:panelGrid> . ,
, JSF .
, ,
<h:panelGrid> , . columns
, ,
. , ( , ):
<h:panelGrid columns="3" border="1">
<h:outputLabel value=""/>
407
HTML- JSF
</h:panelGrid>
,
<h:panelGroup>, .
<f:facet>:
<h:panelGrid columns="3" border="1">
<f:facet name="header">
</f:facet>
<f:facet name="footer">
h:outputText value="Footer"/>
</f:facet>
</h:panelGrid>
, , , .

-
. ,
, (, ,
).
<h:message> <h:messages> (.10.10). <h:message>
, <h:messages> .

10.10.
<h:message>
HtmlMessage
<h:messages>
HtmlMessages
(INFO, WARN, ERROR FATAL),

CSS ( infoStyle , warnStyle , errorStyle
fatalStyle). , . ,
:
<h:messages style="color:red"/>
<h:form>
:
<h:inputText value="#{bookController.title}" required="true"/>
<h:commandButton action="#{bookController.save}" value=""/>
</h:form>
, -.
, ,
, , .
, , HTML. HTML- . JSF ,

. , , JavaScript HTML <script type="text/
javascript">. JSF <h:outputScript>
, . .10.11
.
10.11.
<h:body>
HtmlBody
HTML- <body>
<h:head>
HtmlHead
HTML- <head>
<h:form>
HtmlForm
HTML- <form>
<h:doctype>
HtmlDoctype
HTML- <doctype>
<h:outputScript>
Output
<script>
<h:outputStylesheet> Output

<link>
409
JSF

HTML, ,
. , <h:message> , CSS (, <h:messages style="color:red"/>),
<h:inputFile>, , ( , ..). HTML , .10.12.
10.12.
id
rendered
, ,
value
( EL)
converter
validator
required
true,
JSF
HTML- JSF
HTML (, JSF ).
JavaServer Faces .

,
. .10.13.
10.13. JSF
<f:facet>
<f:attribute>
<f:param>
<f:actionListener>
<f:valueChangeListener>
<f:propertyActionListener>
<f:phaseListener>
<f:converter>
<f:convertDateTime>
<f:convertNumber>

10.13 ()
<f:validator>
<f:validatorDoubleRange>
<f:validatorLongRange>
<f:validateLength>
<f:validateRegex>
<f:validateBean>
Bean Validation
(.3)
<f:loadBundle>
<f:selectItem>
<f:selectItems>
<f:ajax>
AJAX
JSF
- ,
, .. Facelets
, . ( <ui:insert>), . <ui:component>,
<ui:composition>, <ui:fragment> <ui:decorate> . .10.14 .
10.14.
<ui:composition>
, .

<ui:component>
<ui:debug>
<ui:define>
<ui:decorate>
<ui:fragment>
<ui:include>

XHTML
<ui:insert>
<ui:param>
( <ui:include> )
<ui:repeat>
<ui:remove>
411
JSF
,
( .10.1). , ( ), Apress
Java EE7. , , layout.xhtml,
10.9.
10.9. layout.xhtml,
xmlns:ui="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/facelets">
<h:head>
<title><ui:insert name="title"> </ui:insert></title>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h1><ui:insert name="title"> </ui:insert></h1>
<hr/>
<ui:insert name="content"> </ui:insert>
<hr/>
italic"/>
</h:body>
</html>
10.9
(xmlns:ui="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/Facelets").
<ui:insert> , title <title> <h1>. content.
, newBook.xhtml, 10.10, , (<ui:composition Template="lay
out.xhtml">). , <ui:define>,
<ui:insert> . , . title (<ui:define name="title">),
<ui:insert name="title"> .
,
content (<ui:define name="content">).
10.10. newBook.xhtml,
layout.xhtml
xmlns:ui="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/facelets">
<ui:composition template="layout.xhtml">
<ui:define name="title"> </ui:define>

<ui:define name="content">
<h:form>
<h:outputLabel value=" :"/>
rows="5"/>
<h:selectBooleanCheckbox value="#{bookController.book.
illustrations}"/>
</h:panelGrid>
doCreateBook}"/>
</h:form>
</ui:define>
</ui:composition>
</html>
JSTL
JSP
.
, ,
XML . 10.15 URI
( ), .
10.15. JSTL
URI
http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsp/jstl/core
XML
http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsp/jstl/xml
I18N
http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsp/jstl/fmt
fmt
413
JSTL

URI
http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsp/jstl/sql
sql
http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsp/jstl/
functions
fn
Facelets JSTL-.
i18n (
XML, ).

,
, . .10.16
, Facelets.
10.16. , Facelets
<c:set>
<c:catch>
, java.lang.Throwable
<c:if>
<c:choose>
<c:when>
<c:choose>
<c:otherwise>
<c:choose>
<c:forEach>
, JSF,
3 15, , ,
(10.11).
10.11. JSF,
xmlns:c="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsp/jstl/core">
<h:head>
<title> </title>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h1> </h1>
<hr/>
<c:set var="upperLimit" value="20"/>
< c:forEach var="i" begin="3" end="#{upperLimit - 5}">
<c:choose>

<c:when test="#{i%2 == 0}">
<h:outputText value="#{i} "/><br/>
</c:when>
<c:otherwise>
<h:outputText value="#{i} "/><br/>
</c:otherwise>
</c:choose>
</c:forEach>
<hr/>
italic"/>
</h:body>
</html>

URI ( XML). 10.11 20 upperlimit <c:set>, 3 15 (205). EL
#{upperlimit-5}. ( i) (<c:when test="#{i%2 == 0}">). <h:outputText>
("#{i} ").
, XML, , ,
Java, .

, ,
, (i18n).
, -. .10.17
, .
10.17.
<fmt:message>
<fmt:param>
<fmt:message>
<fmt:bundle>
<fmt:setLocale>
<fmt:requestEncoding>
<fmt:timeZone>
<fmt:setTimeZone>
<fmt:formatNumber>
(, , )

415
JSTL
<fmt:parseNumber>
<fmt:formatDate>
<fmt:parseDate>
JSF, 10.12,
, .
10.12. JSF
xmlns:c="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsp/jstl/core"
xmlns:fmt="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsp/jstl/fmt">
<h:head><title> </title></h:head>
<h:body>
<br/>
<c:set var="now" value="#{bookController.currentDate}"/>
<fmt:formatDate type="time" value="#{now}"/><br/>
<fmt:formatDate type="date" value="#{now}"/><br/>
<fmt:formatDate type="both" dateStyle="short" timeStyle="short"
value="#{now}"/><br/>
<fmt:formatDate type="both" dateStyle="long" timeStyle="long"
value="#{now}"/><br/>
<br/>
<fmt:setLocale value="en_us"/>
<fmt:formatNumber value="20.50" type="currency"/><br/>
<fmt:setLocale value="en_gb"/>
<fmt:formatNumber value="20.50" type="currency"/><br/>
</h:body>
</html>
core format
c fmt. <c:ser var="now" value="#{}bookController.currentDate}"/> now. <fmt:formatDate> :
, , . <fmt:setlocale value="en_US"/>
, $20,50. , . JSF
:
11:31:12
14 may 2013
14/05/1311:31

14 may 201311:31:12 CET
$20.50
20.50

,
. <h:graphicImage>
, <h:commandButton>
, <h:outputScript>
JavaScript. , CSS (
<h:outputStylesheet>). JSF ,
, ()
(JavaScript, CSS) .
JSF .
, -,
. , ,
(,
). JSF2.0
, resources JAR- ( / ). - :
resources/<resourceIdentifier>
JAR- WEB-INF/lib:
WEB-INF/lib/{*.jar}/META-INF/resources/<resourceIdentifier>
<resourceIdentifier> , :
[localePrefix/][libraryName/][libVersion/]resourceName[/resourceVersion]
, ,
.
(EN, en_US, Pt, pt_BR). ,
. , :
book.gif
en/book.gif
en_us/book.gif
en/myLibrary/book.gif
myLibrary/book.gif
myLibrary/1_0/book.gif
myLibrary/1_0/book.gif/2_3.gif
417

, book.gif, <h:graphicImage> (value="book.gif")
(library="MyLibrary"). .
, resource (
) resource['book.gif']
resource['MyLibrary:book.gif'] .
<h:graphicImage
<h:graphicImage
<h:graphicImage
<h:graphicImage
value="book.gif" />
value="book.gif" library="myLibrary" />
value="#{resource['book.gif']}" />
value="#{resource['myLibrary:book.gif']}" />

resource. JSF 2.2, , javax.fa
ces.WEBAPP_RESOURCES_DIRECTORY web.xml.
, JSF
-, .

, ,
resources (, #{resources['book.gif']}).
, JSF. ( ). , . ,
.
EL. .10.18
, .
10.18.
application
-. Object

applicationScope
Map
component
UIComponent
cc
UIComponent
cookie
Map,
cookies ( )
Cookie
facesContext
FacesContext FacesContext

Map

10.18 ()
flash
,
(
11)
Object
header
HTTP- String
Map
headerValues
HTTP-
String[]
Map
initParam
String
Map
param

String
Map
paramValues

String[]
Map
request
HTTP
Object
requestScope
Map
resource
Object
session
Object
sessionScope
Map
view
UIViewRoot
viewScope
Map
, ,
API ( ), EL. , #{}view.locale
(en_US, pt_PT ..).
book ,
: #{sessionScope.book}.
HTTP- , 10.13.
10.13. ,
HTTP-
xmlns:c="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsp/jstl/core">
<h:body>
<h1> </h1>
<hr/>
<h3></h3>
419

<h:outputText value="#{view.locale}"/>
<h3>headerValues</h3>
<c:forEach var="parameter" items="#{headerValues}">
<h:outputText value="#{parameter.key}"/> =
<c:forEach var="value" items="#{parameter.value}">
<h:outputText value="#{value}" escape="false"/><br/>
</c:forEach>
</c:forEach>
<hr/>
italic"/>
</h:body>
</html>
10.13, ,
.10.7.
.10.7. JSF,

JSF
, .
JSF , ,
.

, javax.faces.component.UIComponent. JSF2.0,
,
, (UICommand, UIGraphic, UIOutput
.), faces-config.xml,
. , -,
Facelets, , .
:
,
JSF Java XML.
XHTML,
, .
XHTML ,
, .
, .
, , resources.
.10.19 , .
10.19. ,
<composite:interface>
<composite:implementation>
<composite:attribute>
, .
<composite:facet>
<composite:insertFacet>
<composite:interface>.
<composite:insertChildren>
<composite:interface>.
-

<composite:valueHolder>
, , <composite:interface>,
, ValueHolder
<composite:renderFacet>
<composite:extension>
<composite:interface> ,
XML-,
JSF
<composite:editableValue
Holder>
, , <composite:interface>, , EditableValueHolder
421

<composite:clientBehavior>
<composite:actionSource>
, , <composite:interface>,
, ActionSource
, ,
. , ,
, CD-BookStore :
-. 4 : Book
CD, Item. Item (,
), Book CD
(isbn, publisher, nbOfPage illustrations Book; musicCompany, numberOfCDs,
totalDuration genre CD). , -
-,
. Item , . .10.8
.
.10.8. , -,

( )
( ). JSF2.2
Java. <composite:interface> (10.14), . ,
( item CSS- style).

<composite:implementation>. , , XHTML, JSF, . XHTML-.
10.14. newItem.xhtml
xmlns:composite="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/composite">
<composite:attribute name="item" required="true"/>
<composite:attribute name="style" required="false"/>
</composite:interface>
<composite:implementation>
<h:panelGrid columns="2" style="#{cc.attrs.style}">
<h:inputText value="#{cc.attrs.item.title}"/>
<h:inputText value="#{cc.attrs.item.price}"/>
<h:inputTextarea value="#{cc.attrs.item.description}" cols="20" rows="5"/>
</h:panelGrid>
</composite:implementation>
</html>
10.14 : item,
Item ( Book CD), style, CSS, .
:
#{cc.attrs.[attributeName]}
, GetAttributes() ( .10.18 , cc ,
). Map
attributeName. ,
.
, ,
, ,
. , . ,
newItem.xhtml /resources/apress.
, apress XML (ago ):
<html xmlns:ago="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/composite/apress">
423

newItem ( ), : item, Item, style,
, CSS.
<ago:newItem item="#{itemController.book} "style="myCssStyle"/>
<ago:newItem item="#{itemController.cd} "/>
, , 10.15 newBook.xhtml, , . newItem

ISBN, , ,
, .
10.15. newBook.xhtml, newItem
xmlns:ago="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/composite/apress">
<h:head>
<title> </title>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h1> </h1>
<hr/>
<h:form>
<ago:newItem item="#{itemController.book}"/>
<h:inputText value="#{itemController.book.isbn}"/>
<h:inputText value="#{itemController.book.nbOfPage}"/>
<h:selectBooleanCheckbox value="#{itemController.book.illustrations}"/>
</h:panelGrid>
<h:commandButton value=" " action="#{itemController.
doCreateBook}"/>
</h:form>
<hr/>
<h:outputText value="APress - Java EE7" style="font-style:
italic"/>
</h:body>
</html>

, -, . (, , ,
...), ,
.
, : PrimeFaces,
RichFaces IceFaces. , , .
- , HTML, XHTML CSS,

JSF.
,
(RDA), (RIA), (
) .. JSF ,
2.2, .
JSF API
, , .. , PDL
- Facelets. JSF
(, , ..) ( ). ,
.
JSF -
. 11 , ,
-,
.
11.

10 , - JSF-.
, ,
,
. JSF -
- .
, -.
Bean Validation JSF2.2. -,
.
JSF2.2 . AJAX. JavaScript,
.
,
- , JSF (Model View Controller, MVC).
,
- . , 10.
MVC
JSF, - MVC. MVC
, - . - . ,
. MVC ;

-, .
MVC , ,
(.11.1).
426 11.
.11.1. MVC
, . , , . JSF , EJB, JPA ..

JSF XHTML,
-. 10,
. , , , .
, . ,
, - XHTML. JSF
FacesServlet.
FacesServlet
FacesServlet javax.servlet.Servlet. -
, .
.11.2, (,
) HTTP javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet. -.
FacesServlet
javax.faces.lifecycle.Lifecycle. , ja
vax.faces.context.FacesContext,
. Lifecycle
FacesContext (
10) .
427
MVC
.11.2. FacesServlet
JSF, FacesServlet, , . -
, FacesServlet web.xml .
11.1.
11.1. FacesServlet web.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.jsf</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.PROJECT_STAGE</param-name>
<param-value>Development</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.FACELETS_SKIP_COMMENTS</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
428 11.
</context-param>
</web-app>
javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet: (Faces Servlet) . ,

.jsf, ,
http://localhost:8080/chapter11-1.0/newBook.jsf JSF.

JSF- *.faces /faces/*. 11.1 .jsf, , .faces ,
.
, JSF,
<context-param>. .11.1.
11.1. JSF
javax.faces.CONFIG_FILES

, JSF
javax.faces.DEFAULT_
SUFFIX
- ,
JSF ( .jsf)
javax.faces.FACELETS_
BUFFER_SIZE
. 1
REFRESH_PERIOD
,
, . 1

SKIP_COMMENTS
true, , XML- Facelets

javax.faces.LIFECYCLE_ID
Lifecycle JSF
javax.faces.STATE_
SAVING_METHOD
.
server, ( HttpSession),
client (
)
javax.faces.PROJECT_
STAGE
,
JSF (Development, UnitTest,
SystemTest Production).
JSF ,
,
429
MVC
javax.faces.DISABLE_
FACELET_JSF_
VIEWHANDLER
true Facelets
(PDL)
javax.faces.WEBAPP_
RESOURCES_
DIRECTORY
, JSF -,
javax.faces.LIBRARIES
, ,
, Facelets
FacesContext
JSF javax.faces.context.FacesContext ,
.
JSF.
,
FacesContext (.10 )
-
getCurrentInstance(). FacesContext ,
, .11.2.
11.2. FacesContext
AddMessage
(, , )
GetApplication
Application,
-
GetAttributes
Map, ,
FacesContext
getCurrentInstance
FacesContext ,
getELContext
ELContext
FacesContext
getMaximumSeverity
,
FacesMessage,
GetMessages
FacesMessage
getPartialViewContext
PartialViewContext
.
/ (, AJAX)
getViewRoot
430 11.
11.2 ()
release
renderResponse
responseComplete
,
FacesContext
JSF ,

, , ,
JSF , HTTP-
(,
), ,
,

Faces-config.xml
FacesServlet JSF, , , ,
web.xml, 11.1.
JavaEE7: XML (/WEB-INF/faces-config.xml).
JSF2.0 XML,
-, , , , XML-
.
XML, Java-. 11.2 faces-config.xml. (fr), ,
. ,
faces-config.xml.
11.2. faces-config.xml

<faces-config xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-facesconfig_2_2.xsd"
version="2.2">
<application>
<locale-config>
<default-locale>fr</default-locale>
</locale-config>
<resource-bundle>
<base-name>messages</base-name>
<var>msg</var>
</resource-bundle>
</application>
431
-
<navigation-rule>
<from-view-id>*</from-view-id>
<navigation-case>
<from-outcome>doCreateBook-success</from-outcome>
<to-view-id>/listBooks.htm</to-view-id>
</navigation-case>
</navigation-rule>
</faces-config>
-
, MVC , : JSF- ,
FacesServlet . - .
- Java, -. - (
EJB),
. JSF-
-, . -,
, , . - (, #{bookController.book.title}).

-, , JSF.
Java EE, 2
CDI. Java EE POJO (Plain Old Java Object Java- ), , . - , JSF.
- , EJB JPA:
Java CDI- @Named (11.3)
CDI ( @RequestScoped). facesconfig.xml, . JSF2.2
, ,
,
-, -.
11.3. - BookController
@Named
@RequestScoped
createBook(book);
432 11.
return "newBook.xhtml";
}
//
}
11.3 -: ( book) (
), (doCreateBook())
( newBook.xhtml).
(, <h:outputText value="#{bookController.book.isbn}"/>)
(<h:commandLink action="#{bookController.doCreateBook}">).
-
- Java, FacesServlet.
. -
.
@javax.inject.Named XML- faces-config.xml.
(, @RequestScoped).
,
.
,
.
finalize().

, .
Java EE7, -
POJO, .
, 2 CDI. @javax.enterprise.inject.Model
-,
@Named @RequestScoped ( 11.4). , BookController, 11.3,
@Model (11.5), .
11.4. CDI @Model
@Named
@RequestScoped
@Documented
@Stereotype
@Target({ TYPE, METHOD, FIELD })
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface Model {
}
433
-
11.5. BookController, @Model
@Model
createBook(book);
}
// ,
}
@javax.inject.Named
. @Named
- (
). -, . , 11.6, - MyBean.
11.6. -
@Named("myBean")
@RequestScoped
public class BookController06 {
createBook(book);
}
// ,
}
-
, :
<h:outputText value="#{myBean.book.isbn}"/>
<h:form>
<h:commandLink action="#{myBean.doCreateBook}">
</h:commandLink>
</h:form>

JSF 2.2 - @javax.faces.bean.ManagedBean. ,
Managed Bean ( ),
Java EE, JSR-250
Common Annotations (@javax.annotation.ManagedBean). ,
JSF2.2 CDI CDI @Named, CDI. javax.faces.bean JSF.
434 11.

, -,
-.
. - ( -
) , .
(
@ApplicationScoped -) . /
, -, ,
. ,
(
syncronized).
, .
/, (@SessionScoped). , ,
.
, ,
.
,
, ,
( ).
, ,
. - @ViewScoped.
,
( @RequestScoped). , .
@ViewScoped , @RequestScoped.
, ,
.
JSF2.0
. ,
.
, .
,
, , (
@FlowScoped).
435

, JSF2.2, CDI ( @javax.enterprise.context.NormalScope).
: @ApplicationScoped, @RequestScoped
@SessionScoped CDI, @ViewScoped @FlowScoped JSF.

-. , .
- (, @ApplicationScoped)
,
.
,
. ,
.
. ,
, ,
.
11.7 -
. , (@PostConstruct) defaultBook.
11.7. -
@Named
@ApplicationScoped
public class InitController {
private Book defaultBook;
@PostConstruct
private void init() {
defaultBook = new Book("default title", 0F, "default description");
}
// ,
}
10 ( ,
). -
(.11.3),
. - , ,
, , .
-, -,
@PostConstruct @PreDestroy .
-, @PostConstruct,
. -
436 11.
.11.3. -
.
- @PreDestroy.

(.11.7).

- -, EJB,
.., ,
. ,
. , , : ( -,
) ( ISBN ).
, , , .
,
. , ,
.
10 ,
(<h:message> <h:messages>). JSF , -
facesContext.addMessage(). :
void addMessage(String clientId, FacesMessage message)
FacesMessage ,
. . , , (DOM) (, bookForm:isbn
437

, isbn bookForm). ClientId null, .
,
( , , ).
.
FacesMessage(Severity severity, String summary, String detail)
11.8 -, .
, (FacesMessage SEVERITY_INFO). ,
. , , ClientId null. ,
isbn , ,
(SEVERITY_WARN),
(, bookForm:title DOM title, bookForm).
11.8.
@Named
@RequestScoped
@Inject
FacesContext ctx = FacesContext.getCurrentInstance();
if (book.getIsbn() == null || "".equals(book.getIsbn())) {
ctx.addMessage("bookForm:isbn",
new FacesMessage(FacesMessage.SEVERITY_WARN,
" ISBN", " ISBN"));
}
if (book.getTitle() == null || "".equals(book.getTitle())) {
ctx.addMessage("bookForm:title",
new FacesMessage(FacesMessage.SEVERITY_WARN,
" ", " "));
}
if (ctx.getMessageList().size() != 0)
return null;
try {
ctx.addMessage(null, new FacesMessage(FacesMessage.SEVERITY_INFO,
" ", "" + book.getTitle() + "
438 11.
with id=" + book.getId()));
} catch (Exception e) {
ctx.addMessage(null, new FacesMessage(FacesMessage.SEVERITY_ERROR,
" ", e.getMessage()));
}
return null;
}
// ,
}
FacesContext FacesMessage.
( clientId null)
<h:messages>.
(
), <h:message>. .11.4 , ISBN title.
.11.4. , .

(id="isbn"),
<h:message> (for="ISBN"). .
<h:messages infoStyle="color:blue" warnStyle="color:orange"
errorStyle="color:red"/>
<h:form id="bookForm">
<h:inputText id="isbn" value="#{bookController.book.isbn}"/>
<h:message for="isbn"/>
</h:form>
439
ISBN , ISBN
. JSF
, Bean Validation. ,
<h:messages> (
, ).
JSF EJB
-
-. , - . , - , ,
-. EJB, ,
, .
-, EJB. EJB ?
CDI JSF EJB. ?
: @Named EJB, . 11.9 EJB,
, JPA,
. CDI @Named , ,
JSF.
11.9. EJB, , CDI- @Named
@Named
@Stateless
@Inject
public List<Book> findAllBooks() {
return em.createNamedQuery("findAllBooks", Book.class).getResultList();
}
}
findAllBooks() 11.9 .
, -.
bookEJB.findAllBooks() <h:dataTable> EL.
<h:dataTable value="#{bookEJB.findAllBooks()}" var="book">
<h:column>
<h:outputText value="#{book.title}"/>
</h:column>
</h:dataTable>
- , .
440 11.
, .
, , , ,
.. JSF ,
, .

JSF , .
-, JSF.
FacesServlet, , : , ,
. .
,
, , <h:button>, <h:link> <h:outputLink>:
<h:link value=" " outcome="newBook.xhtml"/>
, . <h:commandButton> <h:commandLink> action,

-,
<h:link> <h:button>:
<h:commandButton value=" " action="#{bookController.doCreateBook}">
, (newBook.xhtml),
. ,
-,
listBooks.xhtml, .
, - (.11.5).
.11.5. newBook.xhtml listBooks.xhtml
, - - (BookController), . ( )
441
-. newBook.xhtml
- doCreateBook()
(<h:commandButton action="#{bookController.doCreateBook}"/>). doCreateBook()
EJB Book
, . listBooks.xhtml
, newBook.xhtml
- (<h:link outcome="newBook.xhtml"/>).
<h:commandButton> , . -,
, . , . - 11.10 , .
11.10. -,
@Named
@RequestScoped
@Inject
private List<Book> bookList = new ArrayList<>();
}
//,
}

- ,
. 11.10 .
.xhtml,
, FacesServlet web.xml, .
JSF faces-config.xml .
<navigation-rule>, , , .
, . - 11.10 success, 11.11.
11.11. -,
@Named
@RequestScoped
442 11.
// ...
return "success";
}
// ,
}
11.12 faces-config.xml. <from-view-id>

, .
newBook.xhtml , . success ( <from-outcome> ),
FacesServlet listBooks.xhtml (<to-view-id>).
11.12. faces-config.xml,

<faces-config xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-facesconfig_2_2.xsd"
version="2.2">
<navigation-rule>
<from-view-id>newBook.xhtml</from-view-id>
<navigation-case>
<from-outcome>success</from-outcome>
<to-view-id>listBooks.xhtml</to-view-id>
</navigation-case>
</navigation-rule>
</faces-config>
-
faces-congfig.xml, ,
? . Java , XML,
. -
, , ,
. ,
-, faces-config.xml.
, XML- .
(, ),
. XML ( -).
<navigation-rule>
<navigation-case>
<from-outcome>logout</from-outcome>
443

<to-view-id>logout.xhtml</to-view-id>
</navigation-case>
</navigation-rule>
, ,
navigation-rule <from-view-id>
(*). ,
, , ,
- logout,
logout.xhtml.
, ,
. , ,
, .
-,
faces-config.xml. switch,
. ,
null, :
switch (value) {
case 1: return "page1.xhtml"; break;
case 2: return "page2.xhtml"; break;
default: return null; break;
}
}
JSF2.0 , . ,
.
<fr>. , admin,
logout_admin.xhtml:
<navigation-rule>
<navigation-case>
<from-outcome>logout</from-outcome>
<to-view-id>logout_admin.xhtml</to-view-id>
<if>#{userController.isAdmin}</if>
</navigation-case>
</navigation-rule>

JSF2.0
HTTP POST (<h:commandButton> <h:commandLink>). ,
444 11.
- . JSF2.0
<h:button>, <h:link>,
ViewParam. HTTP-
GET. ,
preRenderView. JSF2.2 ViewAction,
.
ViewParam ViewAction GET- , HTTP-, , EL. <f:viewParam> GET-
.
viewBook.xhtml id (,
viewBook.xhtml?id=123) bookController.book.id:
<f:metadata>
< f:viewParam name="id" value="#{bookController.book.id}"/>
</f:metadata>
id HTTP , -. JSF2.2
<f:viewAction>, , . , id,
doFindBookById :
<f:metadata>
<f:viewParam name="id" value="#{bookController.book.id}"/>
<f:viewAction action="#{bookController.doFindBookById}"/>
</f:metadata>
URL , (, viewBook.xhtml?id=123 viewBook.xhtml?id=456)

.

, ,
, .
(, ISBN). JSF , , , .
- .
, null,
..
, .
, ,
java.util.Date Integer
445

. , , ( dd/MM/yyyy,
3,14 3,15 ..).
( ), .11.6.
.11.6
(, ) . ,

- ( ). ,
,
( <h:messages/>). -
, .
JSF .
,
,
HTTP, . (Float,
Integer, BigDecimal ..). , .
JSF , .
- (Integer, int, Float,
float ..), JSF .
, . .11.3
, javax.faces.convert.
11.3.
BigDecimalConverter
java.math.BigDecimal
BigIntegerConverter
java.math.BigInteger
BooleanConverter
Boolean ( boolean)
ByteConverter
Byte ( byte)
CharacterConverter
Character ( char)
DateTimeConverter
java.util.Date

.11.6.
446 11.
447

11.3 ()
DoubleConverter
Double ( double)
EnumConverter
Enum ( enum)
FloatConverter
Float ( float)
IntegerConverter
Integer ( int)
LongConverter
Long ( long)
NumberConverter
java.lang.Number
ShortConverter
Short ( short)
JSF ,
- ,
, . ,
convertNumber convertDateTime. ,
. JSF .
convertNumber ,
( ), .
, ,
, :
<h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.price}">
<f:convertNumber currencySymbol="$" type="currency"/>
</h:inputText>
convertDateTime (,
). , . pattern
, :
<h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.publishedDate}">
<f:convertDateTime pattern="MM/dd/yy"/>
</h:inputText>

, , ..
. JSF.
, javax.faces.convert.Converter,
. :
Object getAsObject(FacesContext ctx, UIComponent component, String value)
String getAsString(FacesContext ctx, UIComponent component, Object value)
448 11.
getAsObject()
. ConverterException, . , getAsString() , (, XHTML).
, , -.
faces-config.xml,
@FacesConverter.
11.13 , , .
euroConverter @FacesC onver
ter("euroConverter") Converter.
getAsString() , .
11.13.
@FacesConverter("euroConverter")
public class EuroConverter implements Converter {
@Override
public Object getAsObject(FacesContext context, UIComponent component, String
value) {
return value;
}
@Override
public String getAsString(FacesContext ctx, UIComponent component, Object
value) {
float amountInDollars = Float.parseFloat(value.toString());
double ammountInEuros = amountInDollars * 0.8;
DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("###,##0.##");
return df.format(ammountInEuros)
}
}
,
converter <h:outputText>, <f:converter>. , @FacesConverter
(euroConverter). , -
,
:
<h:outputText value="#{book.price}"/> //
<h:outputText value="#{book.price}"> //
<f:converter converterId="euroConverter"/>
</h:outputText>
converter outputText:
<h:outputText value="#{book.price}" converter="euroConverter"/>
449

-
. JavaScript
Bean Validation. JSF .
,
, -.
, ,
, , . , ,
, :
<h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.title}" required="true"/>
, JSF ,
( <h:messages>).
, . JSF ( .11.4).
javax.faces.validator.
11.4.
DoubleRangeValidator
, double
LengthValidator
LongRangeValidator

, long
MethodExpression
Validator
RequiredValidator
true required

RegexValidator
, , .
, ( ).
, 2 20
, $1 500:
<h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.title}" required="true">
<f:validateLength minimum="2" maximum="20"/>
</h:inputText>
<h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.price}">
<f:validateLongRange minimum="1" maximum="500"/>
</h:inputText>
450 11.

, JSF
, , , , , .
. , ,
.
javax.faces.validator.Validator, validate():
void validate(FacesContext context, UIComponent component, Object value)
value -
- . ,
.
, ValidatorException FacesMessage, .
faces-config.xml, @FacesValidator.
ISBN, , ISBN (
). 11.14 IsbnValidator.
11.14. ISBN
@FacesValidator("isbnValidator")
public class IsbnValidator implements Validator {
private Pattern pattern;
private Matcher matcher;
@Override
public void validate(FacesContext context, UIComponent component,
Object value) throws ValidatorException {
String componentValue = value.toString();
pattern = Pattern.compile("(?=[-0-9xX]{13}$)");
matcher = pattern.matcher(componentValue);
if (!matcher.find()) {
String message = MessageFormat.format("{0} isbn",
componentValue);
FacesMessage facesMessage =
new FacesMessage(FacesMessage.SEVERITY_ERROR, msg, msg);
throw new ValidatorException(facesMessage);
}
}
}
11.14 isbnValidator,
. Validator
validate(). -
451
AJAX
, ISBN . . JSF , ,
.
validator <f:validator>.
<h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.isbn}" validator="isbnValidator"/>
//
<h:inputText value="#{bookController.book.isbn}">
<f:validator validatorId="isbnValidator" />
</h:inputText>
Bean Validation
JSF 2.0, Bean Validation (
JSF ). .
JSF -,
Bean Validation, javax.va
lidation.Validator.validate(). Bean Validation ,
JSF
Bean Validation -. JSF ,
ConstraintViolation, , FacesMessage FacesContext, . , <h:messages> , ConstraintViolation.
3 .
, <f:validateBean>.
Delivery:
<f:validateBean validationGroups="org.agoncal.book.javaee7.Delivery">
</f:validateBean>
AJAX
HTTP /:
-, , , . : -
, . -
, ,
, .. / -,
. ,
, .

452 11.
, .
AJAX.
AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML JavaScript XML)
-,
-. AJAX - ,
. ,
, DOM JavaScript.

AJAX 2005. 1999 Microsoft XMLHttpRequest ActiveX Internet Explorer5.
2006 W3C XMLHttpRequest,
. AJAX
.
OpenAjax Alliance, , ,
AJAX.
.11.7, -
HTML- . ,
, , , . AJAX, ,
(HTTP-)
, - (JSON- XML-), .
, JavaScript ,
- .
, AJAX :
XHTML CSS ;
DOM ;
XML XSLT , XML-;
XMLHttpRequest ;
JavaScript, .
XMLHttpRequest AJAX, DOM API, JavaScript XML .
JavaScript. ,
XHTML, JSON .
AJAX JSF 2.0,
JavaScript XMLHttpRequest.
JavaScript, JSF.
453
AJAX
.11.7. HTTP HTTP- AJAX
JSF
JSF AJAX, ,
, . . JSF 2.0,
, AJAX JSF.
, JavaScript (jsf.js) AJAX, ,
XMLHttpRequest .
JavaScript
.
, jsf.js
:
<h:outputScript name="jsf.js" library="javax.faces" target="head"/>
<h:outputScript> <script> ,
JavaScript- jsf.js javax.faces ( JSF, , jsf.js META-INF/resources/javax/faces). ,
454 11.
javax OpenAjax Alliance.
JavaScript API JSF
, .
, , request, AJAX . :
jsf.ajax.request(ELEMENT, |event|, { |OPTIONS| });
ELEMENT JSF XHTML, . , .
EVENT JavaScript, ,
onmousedown, onclick, onblur .. OPTIONS ,
/:
execute: '< >' ID ,
;
render: '< >' ID ,
.
, ,
doCreateBook,
. jsf.ajax.request,
( onclick). this (),
ID (isbn, title, price):
<h:commandButton value=" " onclick="jsf.ajax.request(this, event,
{execute:'isbn title price description nbOfPage illustrations',
render:'booklist'}); return false;"
actionListener="#{bookController.doCreateBook}" />
AJAX , ( ). , ,
HTML- . ,
, PartialViewContext
.
, . AJAX (, ,
) .
XHTML-, XML- JSON-, JavaScript
.
JSF 2 , . <f:ajax>.
JavaScript AJAX ,
JavaScript.
455

doCreateBook}">
<f:ajax execute="@form" render=":booklist"/>
</h:commandButton>
render ,
( Booklist). execute , . .11.5 , render execute.
11.5. render execute
@all
@none
( ,
)
@this
(, AJAX)
@form
( AJAX)
- ,
-

-,
, . -
-:
newBook.xhtml , ,
.
, AJAX. -
;
viewBook.xhtml (, ,
..). , , URL (, viewBook.xhtml?id=123
viewBook.xhtml?id=456).
, ( newBook.xhtml) .
.11.8 ( <h:link>, <h:commandButton>).
456 11.
.11.8. newBook.xhtml viewBook.xhtml
- BookController
. JPA - EJB,
(JSF, EJB, JPA, Bean Validation CDI). -
- BookEJB, :
( createBook() ),
(findAllBooks()), (findBookById()).
, , API
Book (
Bean Validation).
.11.9 -.
.war GlassFish Derby.
- Maven, ,
- :
src/main/java Book , BookEJB -
BookController;
src/main/resources META-INF/persistence.xml,
;
src/main/webapp - newBook.xhtml viewBook.xhtml;
src/main/webapp/WEB-INF faces-config.xml beans.xml, JSF CDI;
pom.xml Maven (POM)
, .
457

.11.9. -
Book
, 11.15,
Book. JPA
Bean Validation, findAllBooks,
, .
11.15. Book, Bean
Validation
@Entity
@NamedQuery(name = "findAllBooks", query = "SELECT bFROM Book b
ORDER BY b.title DESC")
public class Book {
@Id @GeneratedValue
private Long id;
// ,
}
, persistence.xml,
(.4).
458 11.
BookEJB
11.16 , . , ( -)
( )
EJB. EJB @Inject. CDI DatabaseProducer,
, 8.13 ( , .8).
Book ( createBook()), ( findAllBooks)
. , EJB
@Named, JSF (
)
@DataSourceDefinition. EJB .
11.16. EJB, ,
@Named
@Stateless
@DataSourceDefinition(name = "java:global/jdbc/lab11DS",
className = "org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver",
url = "jdbc:derby:memory:lab11DB;create=true;user=app;password=app"
)
@Inject
em.persist(book);
return book;
}
public List<Book> findAllBooks() {
return em.createNamedQuery("findAllBooks", Book.class).getResultList();
}
}
}
-
BookController
- (, EJB) . BookController
11.17 @Named,
JSF. @RequestScoped .
.
459

- book, . , ( newBook.xhtml ), viewBook.xhtml
.
11.17. - BookController, EJB
@Named
@RequestScoped
@Inject
bookEJB.createBook(book);
FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().addMessage(null,
new FacesMessage(FacesMessage.SEVERITY_INFO, "Book created",
"" + book.getTitle() + " id=" + book.getId()));
return "newBook.xhtml";
}
public void doFindBookById() {
book = bookEJB.findBookById(book.getId());
}
//
}
- ( ) BookEJB. EJB @Inject.

, .
doCreateBook() EJB, , Book. , .
, .
doFindBookById() viewBook.xhtml EJB, .
11.17 - BookController. , book.
layout.xhtml
newBook.xhtml, viewBook.xhtml (layout.xhtml,
11.18). .11.8,
, <h:link>,
, newBook.xhtml ,
<h:messages>, , .
460 11.
11.18. Layout.xhtml,

xmlns:ui="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/facelets"
xmlns:h="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/html">
<h:head>
<title><ui:insert name="title"> </ui:insert></title>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h:link value="Create abook" outcome="newBook.xhtml"/>
<h1><ui:insert name="title"> </ui:insert></h1>
<hr/>
<h:messages id="errors" infoStyle="color:blue" warnStyle="color:orange"
errorStyle="color:red"/>
<ui:insert name="content"> </ui:insert>
<hr/>
italic"/>
</h:body>
</html>
newBook.xhtml
newBook.xhtml , , -
(, , ,
), (..11.8). , , , .
, . AJAX.
11.19 , . BookController -
BookController, - (.11.17).
Book ,
(#{bookController.book.title} ).
11.19. newBook.xhtml

461

<h:form id="bookForm">
rows="3"/>
<h:selectBooleanCheckbox value="#{bookController.book.
illustrations}"/>
</h:panelGrid>
doCreateBook}">
<f:ajax execute="@form" render=":booklist :errors"/>
</h:commandButton>
</h:form>
...
<h:commandButton> , AJAX.
, <f:ajax>
@form ( ).
,
, .
doCreateBook() - , , .
, , :
newBook.xhtml. .
AJAX.
render ID booklist ,
(11.20), ID errors,
layout.xhtml (.11.18), .
11.20. newBook.xhtml
...
<hr/>
<h1> </h1>
<h:dataTable id="booklist" value="#{bookEJB.findAllBooks()}" var="bk"
border="1">
<h:column>
462 11.
</f:facet>
<h:link outcome="viewBook.xhtml?id=#{bk.id}" value="#{bk.title}"/>
</h:column>
<h:column>
</f:facet>
<h:outputText value="#{bk.price}"/>
</h:column>
</h:dataTable>
</ui:define>
</ui:composition>
</html>
11.20 .
<h:dataTable>, BookEJB (
BookController) @Named (.11.16). <h:dataTable>
bookEJB.findAllBooks(),
List<Book> bk .
<h:dataTable> , #{bk.price},
price . <h:link> HTML-, viewBook.xhtml (viewBook.xhtml?ID=#{bk.id}).
viewBook.xhtml
viewBook.xhtml (, ,
, ). JSF2, ,
, URL ViewAction.
11.21, id (,
viewBook.xhtml?id=123) #{bookController.book.id}. , #{bookController.doFindBookById}.
BookController.doFindBookById (.11.17) EJB
, (,
#{bookController.book.title}) .
11.21. ViewBook.xhtml

<f:metadata>
<f:viewParam name="id" value="#{bookController.book.id}"/>
463

<f:viewAction action="#{bookController.doFindBookById}"/>
</f:metadata>
<h:outputText value="#{bookController.book.title}"/>
<h:outputText value="#{bookController.book.price}"/>
<h:outputText value="#{bookController.book.description}" cols="16"
rows="3"/>
<h:outputText value="#{bookController.book.nbOfPage}"/>
<h:selectBooleanCheckbox value="#{bookController.book.illustrations}"/>
</h:panelGrid>
</ui:define>
</ui:composition>
</html>
Maven
-
.war (<packaging>war</packaging>). pom.xml, 11.22, (glassfish-embedded-all)
JDK 1.7.
11.22. pom.xml -

<parent>
</parent>
464 11.
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

, pom.xml ,
Maven:
$ mvn package
target chapter11-1.0.war. ,
, Book , BookEJB , -
BookController, (persistence.xml, faces-config.xml
beans.xml) - (newBook.xhtml viewBook.xhtml).
GlassFish
-, GlassFish.
, GlassFish . ,
target, chapter11-1.0.war,
:
$ asadmin deploy chapter11-1.0.war
465

,
. : web,
-, EJB, EJB.
$ asadmin list components
chapter11-1.0 <ejb, web>

, ,
URL: http://localhost:8080/chapter11-1.0/newBook.faces.
newBook.faces, newBook.xhtml -
FacesServlet. .faces JSF , . newBook,
.
.
- , GlassFish, AJAX . XML-, HTML-. XHTML, . JavaScript
errors booklist ( DOM). 11.23 . ,
,
errors booklist (<update id="booklist">). <update> XHTML, . , XML AJAX,
JSF, .
11.23. ,

<partial-response>
<changes>
<update id="errors">
<![CDATA[
<ul id="errors"><li style="color:blue"> </li></ul>
]]>
</update>
<update id="booklist">
<![CDATA[
<table id="booklist" border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col"></th>
<th scope="col"></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><ahref="/chapter11-1.0/viewBook.faces?id=54">Java EE 6</a></td>
466 11.
<td>31.49</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><ahref="/chapter11-1.0/viewBook.faces?id=1"> </a></td>
<td>19.79</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><ahref="/chapter11-1.0/viewBook.faces?id=51">H2G2</a></td>
<td>23.99</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
]]>
</update>
</changes>
</partial-response>
10 JSF,
. JSF MVC,
: -.
- JSF,
-, EJB ,
. (
, ), ,
, . JSF 2.2,
XML- .
,
, . JSF
,
.
Bean Validation , JSF.
AJAX , JSF
, - . JSF JavaScript, .
.
, - SOAP RESTful XML JSON.
12.
XML JSON
XML Java EE . XML, persistence.xml, beans.xml ejb-jar.xml. Java
XML. , XML -
EJB.
XML , W3C.
,
. XML , ,
, (, - SOAP, 14).
, JSON JavaScript , XML, .
, JSON . ,
/ JSON. JavaScript, JSON (,
- RESTful,
15).
, XML JSON,
API-,
. XML , , , XML Java. ,
XML- Java SE. JSON
Java , , Java
SE/EE.
XML
(XML), SGML (Standard
Generalized Markup Language ),
468 12. XML JSON

. XML , . ,
, MathML (Mathematical Markup
Language ), VXML (Voice Markup Language
) OpenOffice LibreOffice (OpenDocument).
XML ,
, , . XML-
XML, . XML-
, (, '<' '>').
XML-
12.1 XML-, CD-BookStore (.1). ,
, , ,
. , ,
, .
12.1. XML-,
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<order id="1234" date="05/06/2013">
<customer first_name="" last_name="">
<email>j.rorri@me.com</email>
<phoneNumber>+4412341234</phoneNumber>
</customer>
<content>
<order_line item="H2G2" quantity="1">
<unit_price>23.5</unit_price>
</order_line>
<order_line item=" " quantity="2">
<unit_price>34.99</unit_price>
</order_line>
</content>
<credit_card number="1357" expiry_date="10/13" control_number="234"
type="Visa"/>
</order>
XML (,
XML ), . , ,
,
.
.12.1, XML .
, XML
, ,
Java .
469
XML
12.1. XML
Unicode XML- ,
Unicode

Unicode . < > (, <email>), , , (, j.rorri@me.com)
(<email>),
(</email>) (email/)
( ).
, . : <email>j.rorri@me.com</email>
/, .
item order_line: <order_line item="H2G2">
XML
XML-
, : <?xml version="1.0"
encoding="UTF-8" ?>
XML
XML , XML
.
, XML , .
XML. XML-, XML XML. ,
XML-.

(DTD). , DTD XSD DTD. , DTD XML-,
XML- XML. DTD XML-.
XML (XSD) XML ,

XML-. , 12.2 XML, (.12.1),
: , , , .
XSD ,
XML- .
470 12. XML JSON

12.2. XSD, XML-,

<xs:schema version="1.0" xmlns:xs= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xs:element name="order" type="order"/>
<xs:complexType name="creditCard">
<xs:sequence/>
<xs:attribute name="number" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:attribute name="expiry_date" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:attribute name="control_number" type="xs:int"/>
<xs:attribute name="type" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="customer">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="email" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
<xs:element name="phoneNumber" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
</xs:sequence>
<xs:attribute name="first_name" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:attribute name="last_name" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="order">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="customer" type="customer" minOccurs="0"/>
<xs:element name="content" minOccurs="0">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="order_line" type="orderLine" minOccurs= "0"
maxOccurs= "unbounded"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<xs:element name="credit_card" type="creditCard" minOccurs="0"/>
</xs:sequence>
<xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:long"/>
<xs:attribute name="date" type="xs:dateTime"/>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="orderLine">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="unit_price" type="xs:double" minOccurs="0"/>
</xs:sequence>
<xs:attribute name="item" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:attribute name="quantity" type="xs:int"/>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>
, XSD (<xs:attribute
name="expiry_date" type="xs:string"/>), (<xs:complexType
471
XML
name="creditCard">) .
, , , . XSD
, . XML
, JAXB, .
.12.2 XSD- .
XSD , .
XSD, , , W3C.
12.2. XSD
schema
XML.
,
xmlns
xs: (
xsd:, ),
XML (xmlns) :
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
element
element. ,order ,
<orderid="1234" date="11/08/2013" total_amount="93.48">
type
, string, decimal, long

double (type="xs:long") (type="customer")
minOccurs,
maxOccurs

.
unbounded, ,
complexType
, ,
. complexType
complexType. , order

Sequence
, -. ,
- .
0
attribute
, attribute. orderLine
: item quantity
choice
complexContent complexContent
extension

simpleType complexType
472 12. XML JSON

XML- XML,
, .
: DOM SAX.
SAX DOM
,
XML. , , , XML,
. XML- . (DOM), XML .
API XML (SAX),
XML ,
( ).
DOM
API (Document Object Model, DOM), ,
. ,
, .
DOM, , ,
XML- .
, DOM XML ,
.
, JDOM DOM4J,
- XML
.
SAX
,
.
API XML (SAX) ,
.
SAX ,
.
SAX SAX , XML.
, . SAX , XML, .
SAX XML
, . ,
, -
473
SAX DOM
, .
.
XPath
XPath , XML-,
XML-, XSLT, XPointer XQuery.
, XML-.
XPath , ,
. XPath ,
. , XPath / ,
XML-, . XPath, unit_price,
20 ( XML- (.12.1)).
//content/order_line[unit_price>=20]/unit_price
, XPath , . - unit_price:
//content/order_line[unit_price>=20]/unit_price/text()
XQuery ,
XML XPath. XQuery SQL,
FOR, LET, WHERE, ORDER BY RETURN.
XQuery, doc() (
Order.xml), order_line,
quantity 1, unit_price 50;
for $orderLine in doc("order.xml")//content/order_line[@quantity>1]
where $orderLine/unit_price < 50
return $orderLine/unit_price/text()
XQuery ,
.
XML- API , - ,
.
XML, XPath 1.0 XQuery, XML-.
XSLT
XML, , XML-
. , XML- , , -. , , (XSLT).
474 12. XML JSON

, XSLT XML-, XSL . , , XSL,
. XSLT ,
XML .
XPath,
. .
, .
XSLT, 12.3,
order.xml , (.12.1), -
XHTML, , 30.
12.3. XSLT ,

<xsl:stylesheet version="2.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/
Transform">
<xsl:template match="/">
<html>
<body>
<h2> </h2>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th> </th>
</tr>
<xsl:for-each select="order/content/order_line">
<tr>
<td>
<xsl:value-of select="@item"/>
</td>
<td>
<xsl:value-of select="@quantity"/>
</td>
<xsl:choose>
<xsl:when test="unit_price> 30">
<td bgcolor="#FF0000">
<xsl:value-of select="unit_price"/>
</td>
</xsl:when>
<xsl:otherwise>
<td>
<xsl:value-of select="unit_price"/>
</td>
475
XML
</xsl:otherwise>
</xsl:choose>
</tr>
</xsl:for-each>
</table>
</body>
</html>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
API XSLT javax.xml.transform

XML XML-. XSLT SAX API,
XML.
XML
XML- W3C 1998, XML-, XSLT, XPath, XML
XQuery, W3C. Java
XML
, Java API
XML. Java, XML, .
XML-
W3C , , HTML, XHTML, RDF CSS. W3C
XML XML XML,
XSLT, XPATH DOM.
XML 1996 XML W3C
W3C 1998.
. SGML,
1980- ISO 1986.
XSD ( XML) XML-
.xsd.
XML- , , .
XSD XML. XML, W3C
2001.
XSLT XML,
. XML-.
DSSSL (Document Style Semantics and Specification Language ), SGML ,
XSLT XML. XSLT 1.0 W3C 1999,
476 12. XML JSON

XPath. Xalan, Saxon AltovaXML XSLT, XML.
XPath 1.0 XML. W3C 1999. XPointer XSLT. XPath1.0
Java ,
XSLT, XQuery XML.
XML Query
. XQuery 1.0
XML Query XSLT 2.0
XSL. XPath 2.0,
XQuery 1.0. XQuery 1.0 W3C 232007.
DOM
, HTML-, XHTML- XML-.
DOM
, . DOM, DOM
Level 3, XPath,
XML.
SAX API XML Java. ,
XML-. SAX Java, .
XML
XML.
.12.3 XML.
12.3. W3C XML
URL
Extensible Markup Language

(XML)
1.1
http://www.w3.org/TR/xml11/
XML Schema
1.0
http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1
Extensible Stylesheet (XSLT)
1.0
http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt
XML Path (XPath)
1.0
http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath
Document Object Model (DOM) level 3
http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Core/
Simple API for XML (SAX)
http://sax.sourceforge.net/
2.0.2
XML Java
XML W3C.
Java, XML ,
JCP. XML Java.
JAXP (Java Architecture for XML Processing Java
XML) (JSR 206),
477
Java XML
XML, SAX, DOM
XSLT. API JAXB StAX.
JAXB API-
XML- Java, Java. JAXB (JSR 222)
XML . JAXB
XML, JAX-WS ( 14).
StAX (Streaming API for XML API XML) 1.0 (JSR 173)
API XML-.
API ( DOM) API, ( SAX).
, ,

.
.12.4 Java, XML.
12.4. , XML
JSR
URL
JAXP
1.3
206
JAXB
2.2
222
StAX
1.0
173

(Reference Implementation, RI) . StAX RI
JSR-173, . StAX JDK, 1.6,
JDK 1.4 1.5. RI JAXP
Java SE, Metro, JAXB.
Metro JAXB, Oracle.
Java XML
Java XML (Java Architecture for XML Processing, JAXP)
API , ,
SAX, DOM XSLT API Java.
JAXP
XML . JAXP
API
XML-.
, JAXP XML-.
478 12. XML JSON

XML API. .
JAXP, XML- SAX
DOM XSLT. JAXP
API .12.1.
.12.1. JAX
JAXP , .12.5. ,
XML-.
12.5. JAXP
javax.xml.parsers
DOM SAX
org.w3c.dom
API DOM Java
org.xml.sax
, SAX
javax.xml.transform
API XLST XML
JAXP
JAXP . (JAXP Xerces XML Xalan XSLT XML-).
, JAXP
. JAXP,
API . , , XML
. , jaxp.properties ( ,
java.util.Properties) lib JRE
JAXP .
jaxp.properties, , DOM, SAX XSLT :
479
Java XML
javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory=org.apache.xerces.jaxp.
DocumentBuilderFactoryImpl
javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory=org.apache.xerces.jaxp.SAXParserFactoryImpl
javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory=org.apache.xalan.processor.
TransformerFactoryImpl
Java
. , JVM Xerces XML:
-Djavax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory=org.apache.xerces.jaxp.
DocumentBuilderFactoryImpl
, ,
, .12.6.
12.6. .
/ XML
javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory
DOM
javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory
SAX
javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory
, XSLT

JAXP SAX
SAX
. SAX , XML-.
,
XML-. , SAX , , ,
.
XML-
,
. XML-
SAX. , ,
, StAX.
12.4 , order.xml SAX, . SaxParsing
DefaultHandler,
(ContentHandler, ErrorHandler, DTDHandler
EntityResolver). SAXParserFactory SAX.
, javax.xml.par
sers.SAXParserFactory SAX. SAXParser
SAXReader, getXMLReader(),
, parse() SAX,
480 12. XML JSON

, (,
StartElement).
12.4. SAX, ,

public class SaxParsing extends DefaultHandler {

private
private
private
private
List<OrderLine> orderLines = new ArrayList<>();

OrderLine orderLine;
Boolean dealingWithUnitPrice = false;
StringBuffer unitPriceBuffer;
public List<OrderLine> parseOrderLines() {

try {
File xmlDocument = Paths.get("src/main/resources/order.xml").toFile();
// SAX
SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
SAXParser saxParser = factory.newSAXParser();
//
saxParser.parse(xmlDocument, this);
} catch (SAXException | IOException | ParserConfigurationException e) {
}
return orderLines;
}
@Override
public void startElement(String namespaceURI, String localName, String
qualifiedName,
Attributes attrs) throws SAXException {
switch (qualifiedName) {
// order_line
case "order_line":
orderLine = new OrderLine();
for (int i= 0; i< attrs.getLength(); i++) {
switch (attrs.getLocalName(i)) {
case "item":
orderLine.setItem(attrs.getValue(i));
break;
case "quantity":
orderLine.setQuantity(Integer.valueOf(attrs.getValue(i)));
break;
}
}
break;
case "unit_price":
481
Java XML
dealingWithUnitPrice = true;
unitPriceBuffer = new StringBuffer();
break;
}
}
@Override
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException
if (dealingWithUnitPrice)
unitPriceBuffer.append(ch, start, length);
}
@Override
public void endElement(String namespaceURI, String localName, String
qualifiedName)
throws SAXException {
switch (qualifiedName) {
case "order_line":
orderLines.add(orderLine);
break;
case "unit_price":
orderLine.setUnitPrice(Double.valueOf(unitPriceBuffer.toString()));
dealingWithUnitPrice = false;
break;
}
}
}
ContentHandler
, , startDocument,
endDocument, startElement endElement. ,
XML. , (.12.4), startElement , order_Line
unit_price, OrderLine,
. ContentHandler characters(), , XML
( (.12.4) characters()
).
XML Error
Handler SAXReader. ErrorHandler
(warning, error fatalError) .
DTDHandler ,
DTD. DTDHandler, . DTD

.
482 12. XML JSON
JAXP DOM
JAXP XML- DOM API. javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory.
DocumentBuilder, 12.5. parse DocumentBuilder,
XML- org.w3c.dom.Document.
(, ),
org.w3c.dom.Node. , , newDocument() DocumentBuilder.
12.5. DOM, ,

public class DomParsing {

public List<OrderLine> parseOrderLines() {
List<OrderLine> orderLines = new ArrayList<>();
try {
// DOM
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
//
DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document = documentBuilder.parse(xmlDocument);
// order_line
NodeList orderLinesNode = document.getElementsByTagName("order_line");
for (int i= 0; i< orderLinesNode.getLength(); i++) {
Element orderLineNode = (Element) orderLinesNode.item(i);
OrderLine orderLine = new OrderLine();
orderLine.setItem(orderLineNode.getAttribute("item"));
orderLine.setQuantity(Integer.valueOf(orderLineNode.
getAttribute("quantity")));
Node unitPriceNode = orderLineNode.getChildNodes().item(1);
orderLine.setUnitPrice(Double.valueOf(unitPriceNode.getFirstChild().
getNodeValue()));
}
}
orderLines.add(orderLine);
catch (SAXException | IOException | ParserConfigurationException e) {

}
return orderLines;
483
Java XML
order.xml, .
Document order_Line quantity (, GetAttribute("quantity")), OrderLine.
,
DOM,
javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory.
JAXP XSLT
JAXP XML- XSLT
API. XSLT XML- XML
XML- (.12.3).
12.6 order.xml (.12.1) HTML- XSLT, (. 12.3). newInstance() javax.xml.trans
form.TransformerFactory TransformerFactory.
newTransformer()
XSLT. order.xml HTML.
12.6. XML- XSLT
public class XsltTransforming {

public String transformOrder() {
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
try {
File stylesheet = Paths.get("src/main/resources/order.xsl").toFile();
TransformerFactory factory =
TransformerFactory.newInstance("net.sf.saxon.TransformerFactoryImpl",
null);
//
Transformer transformer = factory.newTransformer(new
StreamSource(stylesheet));
transformer.transform(new StreamSource(xmlDocument), new
StreamResult(writer));
}
}
catch (TransformerException e) {
return writer.toString();
484 12. XML JSON
Java XML
Java XML: API,
JDK, javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamWriter java.beans.XMLEncoder,
, SAX, DOM JAXP.
(JSR 222) Java XML (JAXB) , SAX DOM,
. JAXB Java XML
. Java, XML.
12.7 CreditCard JAXB @ja
vax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement. JAXB CreditCard XML.
12.7. CreditCard JAXB
@XmlRootElement
private
private
private
private
String number;
String expiryDate;
Integer controlNumber;
String type;
// ,
}
@XmlRootElement
Java. JAXB XML CreditCard , XML-,
12.8.
12.8. XML-,
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>

<creditCard>
<controlNumber>566</controlNumber>
<expiryDate>10/14</expiryDate>
<number>12345678</number>
<type>Visa</type>
</creditCard>
XML (.12.2). JAXB. XML- 12.8

CreditCard , .
JAXB XML- XML- (XSD) , - ,
XSD. JAXB ,
XML- , ,
( schemagen, JDK).
12.9 XML- (XSD) CreditCard.
485
Java XML
.12.2. JAXB
12.9. XML-

<xs:schema version="1.0" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xs:element name="creditCard" type="creditCard"/>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="controlNumber" type="xs:int" minOccurs="0"/>
<xs:element name="expiryDate" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
<xs:element name="number" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
<xs:element name="type" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>
, , ( controlN umb er ,
ExpiryDate ..) (creditCard). , xs (xs:element, s:string ..). xmlns (
XML):
<xs:schema version="1.0" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" >
486 12. XML JSON

, . , , ,
(,
<element> ).
JAXB
Java XML-. Java XML , . , JAXB
XML- . ,
JAXB XML-, Java SAX DOM
.
JAXB API, javax.xml.bind, XML- Java.

, . JAXB . .12.7
JAXB.
12.7. JAXB
javax.xml.bind
,
,
javax.xml.bind.annotation

Java XML-
javax.xml.bind.annotation.adapters - JAXB
javax.xml.bind.attachment
javax.xml.bind.helpers
javax.xml.binding
javax.xml.bind.util
(..12.2),
JAXB- XML-.
, XML- . / JAXB
XML XSD (.12.9). JAXB

.
487
Java XML
JAXB API javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext. XML- Java,
:
Unmarshaller, XML- , , XML;
Marshaller, XML.
, CreditCard XML (12.10), Marshaller.marshal(). ;
(StringWriter XML, FileOutputStream ).
12.10. Main, CreditCard
public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) throws JAXBException {
CreditCard creditCard = new CreditCard("1234", "12/09", 6398, "Visa");
JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(CreditCard.class);
Marshaller m= context.createMarshaller();
m.marshal(creditCard, writer);
System.out.println(writer.toString());
}
}
JAXBContext newInstance(), ,
(CreditCard.class). Marshaller
marshal(), XML- (.12.8) , ,
StringWriter . XML- Unmarshaller.unmarshal().
Metro, JAXB, ,
(xjc) (schemaGen). /
XML-,
XML-.
( Java SE7) Maven.
JAXB JPA.
, , JAXB
XML-. , JPA, JAXB ( javax.xml.bind.annotation), ,
488 12. XML JSON

. @Entity, JAXB
@XmlRootElement (12.11).
12.11. CreditCard
@XmlRootElement
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlAttribute(required = true)
@XmlElement(name = "expiry-date", defaultValue = "01/10")
private String type;
@XmlElement(name = "control-number")
// ,
}
@XmlRootElement JAXB, CreditCard XML-. , JAXB

.
, 12.12 JAXB ( ).
12.12.

<xs:schema version="1.0" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xs:element name="creditCard" type="creditCard"/>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="expiry-date" type="xs:string" default="01/10"
minOccurs="0"/>
<xs:element name="type" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
<xs:element name="control-number" type="xs:int" minOccurs="0"/>
</xs:sequence>
<xs:attribute name="number" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>
Marshaller XML-
CreditCard (.12.10). <creditCard> CreditCard .
JAXB XML. XML (<element></element> )
(<element attribute=""/>). JAXB , -
489
Java XML
: @XmlAttribute @XmlElement. , ,
, ..
XML- , @XmlAttribute.
, (.12.11), , ( )
.
, <xs:attribute>,
01/10 (.12.12).
XML- CreditCard ,
12.13 ( (.12.8)).
12.13. XML-, CreditCard

<creditCard number="1234">
<expiry-date>12/09</expiry-date>
<type>Visa</type>
<control-number> 6398</control-number>
</creditCard>
.12.8 JAXB.
( ), ,
(, @XmlSchema).
12.8. JAXB
@XmlAccessorType

(FIELD, NONE, PROPERTY, PUBLIC_MEMBER)
@XmlAttribute
XML- (String, Boolean, Integer ..)
@XmlElement
transient XML-
@XmlElements

@XmlElement
@XmlEnum
XML
@XmlEnumValue
@XmlID
XML (
String), @XmlIDREF (
XML Schema ID IDREF)
@XmlIDREF
XML IDREF
@XMLList
@XmlMimeType
MIME

490 12. XML JSON

12.8 ()
@Xmlns
XML
@XmlRootElement
,
XML
@XmlSchema
XML
@XmlTransient
JXB,
( transient Java
@Transient JPA)
@XmlType
XML
@XMLValue

XML-. -, . JPA,
,
, (, , ..).
- : WSDL,
XML. , WSDL . , JAXB
-.

JPA , JPA JAXB , ( XML).
, JAXB XML. . 14,
@Entity, @XmlRootElement.
JSON
JavaScript (JSON)
, , XML.
-.
XML JSON
JavaScript -. JSON, . 12.14 JSON-
XML,
(.12.1).
491
JSON
12.14. JSON
{
"order": {
"id": "1234",
"date": "05/06/2013",
"customer": {
"first_name": "",
"last_name": "",
"email": "j.rorri@me.com",
"phoneNumber": "+4412341234"
},
"content": {
"order_line": [
{
"item": "H2G2",
"quantity": "1",
"unit_price": "23.5"
},
{
"item": " ",
"quantity": "2",
"unit_price": "34.99"
}
]
},
"credit_card": {
"number": "1357",
"expiry_date": "10/13",
"control_number": "234",
"type": "Visa"
}
}
}
JSON- JSON,
, XML. , , .
, "":"",
. , JSON,
.
JSON. JSON , ,
. API JSON. JSON
Java. JSON
(, , null) (
). .12.9 JSON
.
492 12. XML JSON

12.9. JSON
JSON Java, ,
JSON

Unicode, ,

JSON
: , , ,

.
([,]) . (,)
JSON Java . JSON

/. ({,})
. / JSON
(,) POJO Java
JSON , . JSON , . , JSON JSON. ,

(.12.14), content ,
order_line.
JSON
JSON JavaScript. JSON
RFC 4627 IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force
) 2006. IETF
, , ,
.
JSON application/json (.15 RESTful), JSON .json. JSON W3C, W3C
API JSON , JSON-LD, JSONPath, JSONT JSONiq. ,
API JSON.
Java , , / JSON, JSON-Lib, fastjson,
Flexjson, Jettison, Jackson .. ( http://json.org, Java API JSON);
.
493
JSON
Java API JSON, JSR 353
(Java API JSON) JCP 2011
Java EE7.
JSON-P
Java API JSON (JSR 353), JSON-P, ,
JSON Java.
, , JSON. JSON-P Java JSON API, DOM XML.
JSON , StAX XML.
JSR,
JSON-P JSON
Java ( JSR, JSON-B, B binding ()). .12.10
JSON-P.
12.10. JSON-P
javax.json
API JSON (, JsonArray JSON JsonObject JSON), , ,

JSON
javax.json.spi
(Service Provider Interface)

JsonParser JsonGenerator
javax.json.stream
API JSON

JSON Java,
JSON-P(JSR 353) JSON RI.
JSON
JSON-P
JSON-: API , API. DOM
API XML, API JSON-
, JSON- . DOM API, API .
API API,
JSON. API StAX
API XML. JSON
. API ,
494 12. XML JSON

, ( ).
JSON JSON .
JSR 353 API javax.json.Json,
, JSON. API JsonParser , JsonGenerator , JsonWriter , JsonReader ,
JsonArrayBuilder JsonObjectBuilder.
JSON
JSON javax.json.JsonObject
javax.json.JsonArray. API
.
JsonObject
/. JSONArray
. API
JsonObject JSONArray javax.json.Json
ObjectBuilder javax.json.JsonArrayBuilder.
12.15 , JSON,
(.12.14). , Json
JsonObjectBuilder JsonArrayBuilder, JsonObject ( build()). JsonObject / JSON.
12.15. OrderJsonBuilder JSON,
public class OrderJsonBuilder {

public JsonObject buildPurchaseOrder() {
return
Json.createObjectBuilder().add("order", Json.createObjectBuilder()
.add("id", "1234")
.add("date", "05/06/2013")
.add("customer", Json.createObjectBuilder()
.add("first_name", "")
.add("last_name", "")
.add("email", "j.rorri@me.com")
.add("phoneNumber", "+4412341234"))
.add("content", Json.createObjectBuilder()
.add("order_line", Json.createArrayBuilder()
.add(Json.createObjectBuilder()
.add("item", "H2G2")
.add("quantity", "1")
.add("unit_price", "23.5"))
.add(Json.createObjectBuilder( )
.add("item", " ")
.add("quantity", "2")
.add("unit_price", "34.99"))))
.add("credit_card", Json.createObjectBuilder( )
.add("number", "1357")
495
JSON
.add("expiry_date", "10/13")
.add("control_number", "234")
.add("type", "Visa"))).build();
}
}
JsonObject
(, InputStream Reader), javax.json.JsonReader.
, JsonObject
JsonReader. JsonReader order.json (.12.14). , order,
getJsonObject(), JsonObject. , null:
JsonReader reader = Json.createReader(new FileReader("order.json"));
JsonObject jsonObject = reader.readObject();
jonObject = jsonObject.getJsonObject("order");
JsonReader read() javax.json.JsonStructure (JsonObject JSONArray).
JsonStructure.getValueType() ValueType (ARRAY, OBJECT, STRING,
NUMBER, TRUE, FALSE, NULL), . toString()
JsonStructure JSON .
JsonObject JSONArray (, OutputStream Writer) javax.json.JsonWriter. Json.createWriter() JsonWriter
.
JSON
API ( javax.json.stream) JSON ,
. javax.json.stream.JsonParser JSON. - javax.json.Json, createParser(),
javax.json.stream.JsonParser
(, Reader InputStream). , JSON, JSON, :
StringReader reader = new StringReader("{}");
JsonParser parser = Json.createParser(reader);
, createParserFactory()
Map. JsonParser,
JSON:
StringReader reader = new StringReader("{}");
JsonParserFactory factory = Json.createParserFactory(properties);
JsonParser parser = factory.createParser(reader);
JsonParser .
, , /
496 12. XML JSON

JSON / /. .12.11
, .
12.11. JSon
START_OBJECT
JSON (,
{)
END_OBJECT
JSON (,
})
START_ARRAY
JSON (,
[)
END_ARRAY
JSON (,
])
KEY_NAME
()/ JSON
VALUE_STRING
string
VALUE_NUMBER
number
VALUE_TRUE
true
VALUE_FALSE
false
VALUE_NULL
null
12.16 JSON, (.12.14)

( order.json), .
, email. next()
.
javax.json.stream.JsonParser.Event (..12.11)
.
email, .
12.16. OrderJsonParser,
JSON
public class OrderJsonParser {

public String parsePurchaseOrderAndReturnEmail() throws
FileNotFoundException {
String email = null;
JsonParser parser = Json.createParser(new FileReader("src/main/resources/
order.json"));
while (parser.hasNext()) {
JsonParser.Event event = parser.next();
while (parser.hasNext() && !(event.equals(JsonParser.Event.KEY_NAME) &&
parser.getString().matches("email"))) {
event = parser.next();
}
if (event.equals(JsonParser.Event.KEY_NAME) &&
497
JSON
parser.getString().matches("email")) {
parser.next();
email = parser.getString();
}
}
return email;
}
}
Event.equals(),
JSON . JsonParser JSON,
getString(), ,
() . , KEY_NAME, ,
VALUE_STRING, ,
VALUE_NUMBER. getString(),
, , getIntValue(),
getLongValue() getBigDecimalValue() .
,
, javax.json.stream.Json
ParsingException java.lang.IllegalStateException,
.
JSON
API JSON JSON . JsonParser
JSON , ja
vax.json.stream.JsonGenerator JSON ,
.
12.17 createGenerator()
javax.json.Json JsonGenerator JSON-
, (.12.14). /
JSON JSON.
12.17. , , JSON
public class OrderJsonGenerator {

public StringWriter generatePurchaseOrder() throws IOException {
JsonGenerator generator = Json.createGenerator(writer);
generator.writeStartObject()
.write("id", "1234")
.write("date", "05/06/2013")
.writeStartObject("customer")
.write("first_name", "")
.write("last_name", "")
.write("email", "j.rorri@me.com")
.write("phoneNumber", "+4412341234")
.writeEnd()
498 12. XML JSON

.writeStartArray("content")
.writeStartObject()
.write("item", "H2G2")
.write("unit_price", "23.5")
.write("quantity", "1")
.writeEnd()
.writeStartObject()
.write("item", " ")
.write("unit_price", "34.99")
.write("quantity", "2")
.writeEnd()
.writeEnd()
.writeStartObject("credit_card")
.write("number", "123412341234")
.write("expiry_date", "10/13")
.write("control_number", "234")
.write("type", "Visa")
.writeEnd()
.writeEnd()
.close();
return writer;
}
}
JSON . JSON- / , JSON . writeStartObject()

JSON ({), writeStartArray() JSON ([).
writeEnd().
.
writeStartObject() , , writeStartArray() -.

, , .
, .
JsonGenerator , write(),
/ JSON
.
flush()
, close()
.

, POJO CreditCard JAXB
JSON-P, XML- JSON- .
. CreditCardXMLTest -
499

CreditCard, ,
XML . CreditCardJSonTest ,
JSON.
CreditCard
CreditCard 12.18 JAXB- @XmlRootElement, XML. JAXB @XmlAccessorType
XmlAccessType.FIELD JAXB , .
@XmlRootElement
@XmlAttribute
@XmlElement(name = "expiry_date")
@XmlElement(name = "control_number")
//,
}
CreditCard , ,
( MM/YY), (Visa, Master Card,
American Express ..), .
@XmlAttribute XML.
@XmlElement XML.
CreditCardXMLTest
CreditCardXMLTest, 12.19, CreditCard JAXB.
ShouldMarshallACreditCard CreditCard ,
XML. shouldUnmarshallACreditCard XML-
CreditCard , .
12.19. CreditCardXMLTest XML
public class CreditCardXMLTest {

public static final String creditCardXML =
"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n" +
"<creditCard number=\"12345678\">\n" +
"<expiry_date>10/14</expiry_date>\n" +
"<control_number>566</control_number>\n" +
"<type>Visa</type>\n" +
"</creditCard>";
@Test
500 12. XML JSON

public void shouldMarshallACreditCard() throws JAXBException {
Marshaller m= context.createMarshaller();
m.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, Boolean.TRUE);
m.marshal(creditCard, writer);
System.out.println(writer);
assertEquals(creditCardXML, writer.toString().trim());
}
@Test
public void shouldUnmarshallACreditCard() throws JAXBException {
StringReader reader = new StringReader(creditCardXML);
Unmarshaller u= context.createUnmarshaller();
CreditCard creditCard = (CreditCard) u.unmarshal(reader);
assertEquals("12345678", creditCard.getNumber());
assertEquals("10/14", creditCard.getExpiryDate());
assertEquals((Object) 566, creditCard.getControlNumber());
assertEquals("Visa", creditCard.getType());
}
}
CreditCardJSonTest
CreditCardJSonTest, 12.20, API JsonGenerator
CreditCard JSON. ,
JsonObject , creditCardJSon.
12.20. CreditCardJSonTest JSon
public class CreditCardJSonTest {

public static final String creditCardJSon =
"{\"creditCard\":" +
"{\"number\":\"12345678\"," +
"\"expiryDate\":\"10/14\"," +
"\"controlNumber\":566," +
"\"type\":\"Visa\"}" +
"}";
@Test
public void shouldGenerateACreditCard(){
JsonGenerator generator = Json.createGenerator(writer);
501
generator.writeStartObject()
.writeStartObject("creditCard")
.write("number", creditCard.getNumber())
.write("expiryDate", creditCard.getExpiryDate())
.write("controlNumber", creditCard.getControlNumber())
.write("type", creditCard.getType())
.writeEnd()
.writeEnd()
.close();
assertEquals(creditCardJSon, writer.toString().trim());
}
}
XML , .
. Java , API , XML-. Java , DOM, SAX StAX.
Java API XML DOM SAX, JAXP API - XML- DOM-
SAX- XML- XSLT XPath.
Java XML (JAXB)
Java- XML . , . JAXB Java,
-, , , XML, 14.
JSON . XML,
. JSON-P JSON
. JAXB JSON , ,
JAX-RS, JSON-P JSON- -
RESTful (.15).
13.

, ,
: , EJB, , ..
, ,
. EJB (
@Asynchronous), Java EE
( ). ,
.
, (MOM), (),
.
,
(, ,
). , ,
, .
,
.
, . MOM , RMI, .
,
, . MOM , .
,
, . , , .
, (MOM), . , -
503

, ,
( ). , , , . ,
, . , , , .
.13.1.
.13.1. MOM
Java EE API, , JMS (Java

Message Service Java). ,
, ,
. JMS , API,
, .
EJB MDB (Message-Driven Beans ) , .

(.13.2).
. JMS API,
, (
). .
. Java ,
.
, , , , .
. , .
.
( ) JNDI ( ).
,
, ,
(..13.1). ,
.
504 13.
.13.2.
(point-to-point, P2P). , , .
, . ,
.
- (publish-subscribe, pub-sub). .
.

P2P . , (.13.3). ,
,
. ,
, , ,
. ,
, , .
.13.3. P2P
,
. .
505

P2P , . , , ,
. .13.4
, .
.13.4.
, P2P
( ). , , -
.
-
- . , (.13.5). , .
/, .
.13.5. /
, . P2P,
, , ,
, ,
. , ,
JMS API ,
.
506 13.
. /
, . .13.6 , (
).
.13.6.

, , .
JNDI. JDBC,
. :

;
, ,
;
(P2P) (pub-sub).
,
JNDI .
GlassFish , :
, asadmin
REST. JMS 2.0,
@JMSConnectionFactoryDefinition @JMSDestinationDefinition, .
,
, (Message-Driven Beans, MDB)
, EJB. 79, EJB
(, , ,
..), MDB . MDB
, , EJB ,
507

, ,
. , , MDB; MDB
, MDB.
MDB ( )
. - , ,
. , MDB .
MDB , , , ,
(, ).

Java JMS, , (Java SE) (Java EE) . MDB
EJB, ,
EJB.

1980- .
, ,
(). - ,
,
. . 1980- , .
MOM ,
.
, , .
JMS 1998.
,
Java. JSR 914
(JMS 1.0.1, 1.0.2 1.0.2b),
1.1 2002. JMS 1.1 J2EE 1.2
Java EE. JMS MDB Web Profile. , ,
Java EE7.
508 13.
JMS 2.0
JMS 1.1 . API Java EE 5, JMS, , (, ...). JMS
, API. , JMS API
, :
Connection, Session close() java.jang.AutoCloseable,
try-with-resources Java SE 7;
API, API;
getBody, Message
;
,
JMSRuntimeException;
,
.
EJB 3.2
EJB 2.0 MDB, EJB 3.0,
Java EE 5 . ,
,
. EJB 3.2 (JSR 345) MDB,
( ).
7,
, ( @Asynchronous). Java EE
EJB. , JMS MDB ,
( JMS, , ..),
. MDB, .

Open Message Queue (OpenMQ) JMS. 2006 JMS . OpenMQ
GlassFish.
, (UMS),
, XML, .
509
Java Messaging Service API

JMS API Java, ,
, .
, . JMS JDBC: (Derby, MySQL, Oracle, DB2 .), JMS
(OpenMQ, MQSeries, SonicMQ ..).
JMS API . JMS

. JMS 1.0, 1.1 2.0
, API.
JMS 1.0 . - API,
() - ().
, , QueueConnectionFactory TopicConnectionFactory API
ConnectionFactory. :
P2P pub-sub.
JMS 1.1 API ( API) , P2P, pub-sub.
.13.1 (, Session)
(QueueSession, TopicSession).
13.1. JMS
API
API
API
(P2P)
API
(pub-sub)
ConnectionFactory
ConnectionFactory
QueueConnection
Factory
TopicConnection
Factory
Connection
JMSContext
QueueConnection
TopicConnection
Session
JMSContext
QueueSession
TopicSession
Destination
Destination
Queue
Topic
Message
Message
Message
Message
MessageConsumer
JMSConsumer
QueueReceiver
TopicSubscriber
MessageProducer
JMSProducer
QueueSender
TopicPublisher
JMSException
JMSRuntime
Exception
JMSException
JMSException
JMS 1.1 API

JPA EJB. JMS 2.0 API,
API, , . (..13.1)
API ( javax.jms).
API,
API, -, ,
510 13.
API JMS 1.1, -, , API
.
API
API JMS , (.13.7).
, , , . .
.13.7. API JMS
ConnectionFactory
,
Connection. javax.jms.ConnectionFactory ,
, .
, ConnectionFactory,
JNDI ( ). ,
JNDI InitialContext
ConnectionFactory JNDI:
511
ConnectionFactory ConnectionFactory =
(ConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup("jms/javaee7/
ConnectionFactory");
, (13.1), createConnection, Connection, createContext, JMS 2.0, JMSContext . Connection

JMSContext
.
13.1. ConnectionFactory
public interface ConnectionFactory {

Connection createConnection() throws JMSException;
Connection createConnection(String userName, String password) throws
JMSException;
JMSContext createContext();
JMSContext createContext(String userName, String password);
JMSContext createContext(String userName, String password, int sessionMode);
JMSContext createContext(int sessionMode);
}

, , . JMS javax.jms.De
stination . ,
JNDI:
Destination queue = (Destination) ctx.lookup("jms/javaee7/Queue");
Javax.jms.Connection, , create
Connection() , JMS.
, .
(javax.jms.Session)
,
. , :
Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
,
start(). ,
stop():
connection.start();
connection.stop();
512 13.
, .
, :
connection.close();
createSession().
, ,
, .
, , ,
JMS , . :
Session session = connection.createSession(true, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
, .
true, , commit(), . false, send().
, , . ,
.
;
, .
, (.13.8):
;
/,
;
;

(, , ..).
/, , . ,
. ,
javax.jms.Message. , send() publish(). .13.2 JMS.
513
.13.8. JMS
13.2. ,
JMSDestination
send()
publish()
JMSDeliveryMode
JMS . PERSISTENT
,
- . NON_ PERSISTENT
,

send()
publish()
JMSMessageID
, ,

send()
publish()
JMSTimestamp
send()
publish()
JMSCorrelationID
, -
,

JMSReplyTo
,
-
JMSRedelivered
JMSType
JMSExpiration
,

send()
send()
publish()
JMSPriority
JMS
send()
, 0 , publish()
9
514 13.
, javax.jms.Message
, , , .
, .
boolean, byte, short, int, long, float, double String. :
message.setFloatProperty("orderAmount", 1245.5f);
message.getFloatProperty("orderAmount");

,
.
, .13.3.
13.3.
StreamMessage
MapMessage
TextMessage
ObjectMessage
BytesMessage
,
Java.
, /,
String, Java
, (, XML)
,

,
, , javax.jms.Message. , . ,
. getText() setText(),
- getObject() setObject() ..:
textMessage.setText("This is atext message");
textMessage.getText();
bytesMessage.readByte();
objectMessage.getObject();
JMS 2.0 <T>TgetBody(Class<T> c)

.

API
, , JMS API . JMS
515
API
, .
, . : ( ) ( -). 13.2
, .
13.2. -
API
public class Producer {

try {
// JNDI
Context jndiContext = new InitialContext();
//
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = (ConnectionFactory)
jndiContext.lookup("jms/javaee7/ConnectionFactory" );
Destination queue = (Destination) jndiContext.lookup("jms/javaee7/Queue");
//
Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_
ACKNOWLEDGE);
MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(queue);
//
TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("
" + new
Date());
producer.send(message);
connection.close();
}
catch (NamingException | JMSException e) {

}
}
}
Producer, main().
, , JNDI ConnectionFactory Destination.
( ) ( OpenMQ GlassFish). JNDI (, jms/javaee7/Queue); JNDI.
, Producer
ConnectionFactory, Connection,
Session. MessageProducer (session.createProducer(queue)).
516 13.
( ). ,
main JNDI NamingException, JMSException.
, ,
. , Consumer 13.3
: JNDI, , . , MessageProducer MessageConsumer
, ( , ,
). ,
.
13.3. -
API
public class Consumer {

try {
// JNDI
//
jndiContext.lookup("jms/javaee7/ConnectionFactory");
//
Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_
ACKNOWLEDGE);
MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(queue);
connection.start();
//
while (true) {
TextMessage message = (TextMessage) consumer.receive();
System.out.println(" : " + message.getText());
}
} catch (NamingException | JMSException e) {
}
}
}
API
, , (.13.2 13.3),
. , (ConnectionFactory, Connection, Session...).
JMSException, -
517
API
(JMSException ). API JMS 1.1
2002 JMS 2.0.
JMS 2.0 , API,
(JMSContext , JMSProducer JMSConsumer ).
ConnectionFactory API, .
JMSRuntimeException, ,
( ).
.13.9 API. , , API javax.jms.
.13.9. JMS API
API , , . :
JMSContext JMS
;
JMSProducer , JMSContext, ;
JMSConsumer , JMSContext,
, .
JMSContext
JMSContext JMS API, JMS2.0.
API
518 13.
JMS 1.1: Connection ( JMS) Session ( ).
JMSContext
CreateContext ConnectionFactory (.13.1),
( ). ,
(EJB Web), JMSContext
@Inject ( ).
,
createProducer JMSProducer,
. ,
.
createConsumer JMSConsumer .
.13.4 API JMSContext.
13.4. API JMSContext
void start()
( )
void stop()
void close()
JMSContext
void commit()
,
,
void rollback()
,
,
ByteMessage createByteMessage()
ByteMessage
MapMessage create MapMessage()
MapMessage
Message createMessage()
Message
ObjectMessage create
ObjectMessage()
ObjectMessage
StreamMessage
createStreamMessage()
StreamMessage
TextMessage createTextMessage()
TextMessage
TopicMessage createTopic(String
topicName)
Topic
Queue createQueue(String
queueName)
Queue
JMSConsumer create
JMSConsumer
Consumer(Destination destination)
JMSConsumer
createConsumer(Destination
destination, String message
Selector)
JMSConsumer

519
API
JMSProducer createProducer()
JMSProducer,

JMSContext createContext(int
sessionMode)
JMSContext
JMSProducer
JMSProducer JMSContext. -
. JMSProducer JMSContext createProducer.

, ,
(. .13.8) . .13.5
JMSProducer API.
13.5. JMSProducer API
get/set[Type]Property
,
[Type] ,
Boolean, Byte, Double, Float, Int, Long, Object, Short,
String
JMSProducer clearProperties()
Set<String> getPropertyNames()
boolean propertyExists(String
name)
get/set[Message Header]
, [Message Header]
DeliveryDelay, DeliveryMode, JMSCorrelationID,
JMSReplyTo, JMSType, Priority, TimeToLive
JMSProducer send(Destination
destination, Message message)
, ,

JMSProducer send(Destination
destination, String body)
TextMessage
JMSConsumer
JMSConsumer . JMSContext createConsumer, . , JMSConsumer
, .
.
JMSConsumer MessageListener.
520 13.
, OnMessage MessageListener. .13.6 JMSConsumer API.
13.6. JMSConsumer API
void close()
JMSConsumer
Message receive()
Message receive(long timeout)
<T> TreceiveBody(Class<T> c)
Message receiveNoWait()
void setMessageListener(MessageListener
listener)
MessageListener
MessageListener getMessageListener()
MessageListener
String getMessageSelector()

JMS API
, API.
: ConnectionFactory Destination. , (EJB , Web ACC),
JNDI, . ,
API JMSContext API . , JMSContext ( ).
,
.

(JMSProducer) , JMSContext,
.
, ,
(13.4) - ( Java SE).
1. JNDI.
2. JMSContext (
try-with-resources, JMSContext).
3. javax.jms.JMSProducer JSMContext.
4. JMSProducer.
send().
521

13.4.

try {
// JNDI
//
//
try (JMSContext context = connectionFactory.createContext()) {
context.createProducer().send(queue, " " + new
Date());
}
} catch (NamingException e) {
}
}
}
, API
(.13.2), , . , API JMSRuntime
Exception, .

,

JNDI, JNDI API . ,
. Java EE7 : EJB, ,
(ACC). , @Resource . Java EE7 , ,
JNDI, . .
.13.7 , @Resource.
13.7. API @javax.annotation.Resource
name
JNDI ( )
type
Java (, javax.sql.DataSource javax.jms.Topic)

522 13.
13.7 ()
authentication , ( ,
Type
)
shareable
mappedName
lookup
JNDI, .

JNDI
description
@Resource, (.13.4), ,
, JNDI.
(.13.4)
JNDI. 13.5 JNDI @Resource.
ProducerEJB , ConnectionFactory Queue
.
13.5. ProducerEJB,
@Resource
@Stateless
public class ProducerEJB {
@Resource(lookup = "jms/javaee7/ConnectionFactory")
private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
@Resource(lookup = "jms/javaee7/Queue")
private Queue queue;
public void sendMessage() {
context.createProducer().send(queue, " " + new Date());
}
}
}
, (.13.4),
JNDI NamingException.
, EJB.

CDI
(EJB )
CDI, JMSContext.
( JMSContext).
@Inject @JMSConnectionFactory.
523

javax.jms.JMSConnectionFactory ,
ConnectionFactory JNDI, JMSContext
(13.6). JMSConnectionFactory , JMS.
13.6.
@Inject

@Inject
@JMSConnectionFactory("jms/javaee7/ConnectionFactory")
private JMSContext context;
private Queue queue;
public void sendMessage() {
context.createProducer().send(queue, " " + new Date());
}
}
.
.
, .
javax.jms.JMSPasswordCredential ,
, JMSContext:
@Inject
@JMSConnectionFactory("jms/connectionFactory")
@JMSPasswordCredential(userName="admin",password="mypassword")

JMSConsumer, .
JMSConsumer Queue Topic create
Consumer() JMSContext.
, . :
,
receive();
,
, ; MessageListener, , ,
, onMessage().
.13.10 .

JMSContext, ,
,
524 13.
.13.10.
receive() (..13.6). receive(), . , ,

(13.7).
1. , JNDI ( ).
2. JMSContext .
3. javax.jms.JMSConsumer JSMContext.
4. receive() ( receiveBody)
-. receive() ,
, . .
13.7. -
public class Consumer {

try {
// JNDI
//
//
while (true) {
String message = context.createConsumer(queue).receiveBody
(String.class);
}
525

}
}
catch (NamingException e) {
}
}
}
, (.13.3), , API .

, @Resource, @Inject @JMSConnectionFactory (.13.5 13.6), . ,
Java SE, , ,
.

. ( ), MessageListener.
,
.
, onMessage(), Message. .
MDB ( ).
(13.8).
1. javax.jms.MessageListener,
onMessage().
2. JNDI (
).
3. javax.jms.JMSConsumer JSMContext.
4. setMessageListener()
MessageListener (13.8 Listener
MessageListener).
5. onMessage() .
, , , .
13.8.
public class Listener implements MessageListener {

try {
526 13.
// JNDI
//
Destination queue = (Destination) jndiContext.lookup("jms/javaee7/
Queue");
context.createConsumer(queue).setMessageListener(new Listener());
}
}
catch (NamingException e) {
}
}
public void onMessage(Message message) {
System.out.println(" : " +
message.getBody(String.class));
}
}

, , , . ,
JMS ? JMS , , ,
, ,
? :
, , ;

, , ;
,
;
;
, pub-sub;
.
527

. ,
, .
,
, .
, : ,
(..13.8). ( ),
/, .
.
,
-. , . JMS, .
, . SQL92
:
context.createConsumer(queue, "JMSPriority < 6").receive();
context.createConsumer(queue, "JMSPriority < 6 AND orderAmount < 200").
receive();
context.createConsumer(queue, "orderAmount BETWEEN 1000 AND 2000" ).receive();

JMSContext.createConsumer(), -.
(JMSPriority < 6) (orderAmount < 200). -
:
context.createTextMessage().setIntProperty("orderAmount", 1530);
context.createTextMessage().setJMSPriority(5);
(NOT, AND, OR),

(=, >, >=, <, <=, <>), (+, -, *, /), ([NOT] BETWEEN, [NOT] IN, [NOT] LIKE, IS [NOT] NULL) ..
,
, .
API JMSProducer,
JMSExpiration. JMSProducer setTimeToLive(), :
context.createProducer().setTimeToLive(1000).send(queue, message);
528 13.

JMS : .
, ,
. ( ) , ,
, . setDeliveryMode() JMSProducer:
context.createProducer().setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT).
send(queue, message);

, , ,
. , (.13.11).
JMS, ,
.
.13.11.

. , .
.
AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE .
CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE
Message.acknowledge().
DUPS_OK_ACKNOWLEDGE
.
, JMS, , .
,
JMSRedelivered true.
@JMSSessionMode
JMSContext . , acknowledge():
//
@Inject
529
,
@JMSConnectionFactory("jms/connectionFactory")
@JMSSessionMode(JMSContext.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE)
...
context.createProducer().send(queue, message);
//
message.acknowledge();

pub-sub , , ,
. JMS API , . ,
, , , , . ,
JMSContext:
context.createDurableConsumer(topic, "javaee7DurableSubscription").receive();
. javaee7DurableSubscription .
,
.

, JMS . JMS
, 0 ( ) 9 ( ). setPriority() JMSProducer:
context.createProducer().setPriority(2).send(queue, message);
JMSProducer.
, . :
context.createProducer().setPriority(2)
.setTimeToLive(1000)
.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT)
.send(queue, message);
530 13.
JMS API. , (MDB),

, EJB.
MDB , . MDB
, , .
MDB EJB,
,
EJB. MDB . EJB, MDB , ( EJB, JDBC, JMS,
..).
MDB,
JMS, ? , , , JMS. MDB ( ),
.
, MDB . MDB
13.9.
13.9. MDB
@MessageDriven(mappedName = "jms/javaee7/Topic")
public class BillingMDB implements MessageListener {
System.out.println(" : " + message.getBody(String.
class));
}
}
( ) ,
MDB
, . MDB MessageListener onMessage(),
. MDB
, , (. @Mes
sageDriven).
MDB
MDB ,
-. ja
vax.jms.MessageListener. MDB,
, , MDB , ,
531
,
, , .
.
, MDB EJB Lite, ,
- , Java EE.
MDB:
@javax.ejb.MessageDriven XML;
, , MessageListener;
;
,
MDB;
finalize().
MDB ,
.. MDB
ejb-jar.xml. Java EE7, MDB
POJO, .
JMS, @MessageDriven
@ActivationConfigProperty (XML ).
@MessageDriven
MDB EJB ,
. @Message
Driven ( XML) , , , , Java
MDB.
API @MessageDriven, 13.10, ,
.
13.10. API @MessageDriven
@Target(TYPE) @Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface MessageDriven {
Class messageListenerInterface default Object.class;
ActivationConfigProperty[] activationConfig() default {};
String mappedName();
String description();
}
name MDB ( ).
messageListenerInterface , MDB
( MDB , EJB,
MessageListener). mappedName
532 13.
JNDI , MDB. Description , , MDB .
activationConfig
@ActivationConfigProperty.
@ActivationConfigProperty
JMS , ,
, .. MDB @ActivationConfigProperty.
@MessageDriven, ,
JMS, @ActivationConfigProperty
/ (13.11).
13.11. API ActivationConfigProperty
@Target({}) @Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface ActivationConfigProperty {
String propertyName();
String propertyValue();
}
activationConfig ( ) . 13.12 .
13.12. MDB
@MessageDriven(mappedName = "jms/javaee7/Topic", activationConfig = {

@ActivationConfigProperty(propertyName = "acknowledgeMode",
propertyValue = "Auto-acknowledge"),
@ActivationConfigProperty(propertyName = "messageSelector",
propertyValue = "orderAmount < 3000")
})
}
}
/,
MDB.
.13.8 .
13.8. OpenMQ
acknowledgeMode
( AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE)
messageSelector
, MDB
destinationType
, TOPIC QUEUE
destinationLookup
533
,
connectionFactory
Lookup
destination
subscriptionDurability
subscriptionName
shareSubscriptions
clientId

( NON_DURABLE)

,
, JMS

EJB, (.7), MDB
, ,
JDBC, EJB . ,
.
, MDB:
@PersistenceContext
@Inject
private InvoiceBean invoice;
@Resource(lookup = "jms/javaee7/ConnectionFactory")
private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
MDB @Resource:
@Resource private MessageDrivenContext context;
MDB
MessageDrivenContext ,
MDB. MessageDrivenContext, MDB. MDB
, .. MessageDrivenContext
javax.ejb.EJBContext - .
MDB ,
, .13.9.
13.9. MessageDrivenContext
getCallerPrincipal
java.security.Principal,
getRollbackOnly
534 13.
13.9 ()
getTimerService
javax.ejb.TimerService
getUserTransaction
javax.transaction.UserTransaction, .
MDB, (BMT),

isCallerInRole
Lookup
MDB
JNDI
setRollbackOnly
.
MDB BMT
MDB (.13.12) : MDB , .

MDB , ,
, (@Resource,
@Inject, @EJB ..) .
@PostConstruct, .
MDB , . @PreDestroy , MDB
.
.13.12. MDB
535
,
,
(
.8), , EJB,
@javax.ejb.AroundInvoke.
MDB

, ,
, Message
Listener. MDB , . MDB ,
.
MDB ? , .

(EJB , ,
). MDB, , ,
. ,
.
,
. EJB
MDB, .
MDB
. .13.10 MDB .
13.10. MDB
MDB
MDB
MDB , ,
,
, . , JMS API.
@Resource @JMSConnectionFactory JNDI.
javax.jms.JMSContext . BillingMDB (13.13) (jms/javaee7/Topic),
( onMessage() ) (jms/
javaee7/Queue).
536 13.
13.13. MDB,

propertyValue = "orderAmount BETWEEN 3 AND 7")
} )
@Inject
@JMSConnectionFactory("jms/javaee7/ConnectionFactory")
@JMSSessionMode(JMSContext.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE)
private Destination printingQueue;
sendPrintingMessage();
}
private void sendPrintingMessage() throws JMSException {
context.createProducer().send(printingQueue, " ,
");
}
}
MDB , .
-, @MessageDriven JNDI
, (mappedName = "jms/javaee7/Topic").
,
@ActivationConfigProperty, MessageListener onMessage().
MDB . , : ( JMSContext) ( jms/javaee7/Queue).
, -, ( sendPrintingMessage()),
, : JMSProducer . .
MDB EJB (
.7 8). MDB BMT
(CMT),
MessageDrivenContext.setRollbackOnly() .. MDB , .
537
,
, .
, ,
. , (.9).
,
() () . ?
, ,
.
onMessage() ( ,
setRollbackOnly()).
MDB ,
, .
MDB, .
MDB, onMessage(). .13.11 , CMT MDB.
13.11. MDB .

MDB
NOT_SUPPORTED
REQUIRED
MANDATORY
REQUIRES_NEW
SUPPORTS
NEVER
CMT MDB @javax.ejb.TransactionAttribute

- :
REQUIRED ( ) MDB ,
; , ;
NOT_SUPPORTED MDB , .

, , , JMS API . API
,
javax.jms.JMSException. API , javax.jms.JMSRuntimeException.
, JMSException (.9 ( )),
538 13.
JMSRuntimeException . EJB
:
,
Exception ;
,
RuntimeException .
JMSRuntimeException ,
JMSException . ,
setRollBackOnly() (,
EJBException):
try {
System.out.println(" : " + message.getBody(String.
class));
} catch (JMSException e) {
context.setRollBackOnly();
}
}

(
P2P pub-sub) ( ), , ,
, ,
(MDB) . , , ,
Maven GlassFish.
(OrderProducer), ( jms/javaee7/Topic). ,
-. (OrderDTO)
, . , , OrderConsumer ExpensiveOrderMDB (.13.13).
OrderConsumer , MDB , $1000 ( ).
Maven , , ExpensiveOrderMDB OrderDTO .jar
(chapter13-MDB-1.0.jar), GlassFish. OrderProducer, OrderConsumer
OrderDTO Java SE.
OrderDTO
, JMS, POJO,
Serializable. OrderDTO, 13.14, , .
539

.13.13.
, JMS ObjectMessage
OrderProducer , OrderConsumer ExpensiveOrderMDB.
13.14. OrderDTO JMS ObjectMessage
public class OrderDTO implements Serializable {

private Long orderId;
private String customerName;
private Float totalAmount;
// ,
}
OrderProducer
OrderProducer, 13.15, ,
JMS API ObjectMessage jms/
javaee7/Topic. , main() OrderDTO. ,
totalAmount , (args[0]).
JSMProducer orderAmount, -
, .
13.15. OrderProducer OrderDTO
public class OrderProducer {

// orderDto totalmount
Float totalAmount = Float.valueOf(args[0]);
OrderDTO order = new OrderDTO(1234l, new Date(), " ", totalAmount);
// JNDI
//
540 13.
Destination topic = (Destination) jndiContext.lookup("jms/javaee7/Topic");
try (JMSContext jmsContext = connectionFactory.createContext()) {
//
jmsContext.createProducer().setProperty("orderAmount", totalAmount).
send(topic, order);
}
}
}
OrderConsumer
OrderConsumer, 13.16,
JMS, jms/javaee7/Topic JMSConsumer API,
OrderDTO ( ).
13.16. OrderConsumer OrderDTO
public class OrderConsumer {

// JNDI
//
Destination topic = (Destination) jndiContext.lookup("jms/javaee7/Topic");
//
Try (JMSContext jmsContext = connectionFactory.createContext()) {
while (true) {
OrderDTO order = jmsContext.createConsumer(topic).receiveBody(OrderDTO.
class);
System.out.println(" : " + order);
}
}
}
}
ExpensiveOrderMDB
ExpensiveOrderMDB (13.17) MDB @MessageDriven,
jms/javaee7/Topic. MDB , $1000,
(orderAmount > 1000). onMessage() , OderDTO (getBody(OrderDTO.class))
. (system.out.println),
(, , ).
541

13.17. ExpensiveOrderMDB, $1000

propertyValue = "orderAmount > 1000")
} )
public class ExpensiveOrderMDB implements MessageListener {
try {
OrderDTO order = message.getBody(OrderDTO.class);
System.out.println(" : " + order.toString());
} catch (JMSException e) {
}
}
}
Maven
ExpensiveOrderMDB OrderDTO
.jar, GlassFish. MDB EJB (@MessageDriven) JMS API (ConnectionFactory, Destination ..),
pom.xml, 13.18, glassfishembedded-all ( API Java EE7).
provided, GlassFish, EJB JMS, -
API . Maven ,
Java SE 7, maven-compiler-plugin.
13.18. pom.xml, MDB

http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
<parent>
</parent>
<artifactId>chapter13-mdb</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
542 13.
<artifactId>glassfish-embedded-all<artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
, pom.xml, Maven:
$mvn package
target, chapter13-MDB-1.0.jar.
, , ExpensiveOrderMDB
OrderDTO.

, ,
JMS. JNDI, JNDI:
jms/javaee7/ConnectionFactory;
jms/javaee7/Topic.
, GlassFish . , asadmin
, :
$ asadmin create-jms-resource --restype javax.jms.ConnectionFactory
jms/javaee7/ConnectionFactory
$ asadmin create-jms-resource --restype javax.jms.Topic jms/javaee7/Topic
- GlassFish
. , ,
GlassFish asadmin. ,
JMS-
:
543

$ asadmin list-jms-resources
jms/javaee7/Topic
jms/javaee7/ConnectionFactory
JMS 2.0, . ,
( , EJB, MDB...) @JMSConnection
FactoryDefinition @JMSDestinationDefinition, ,
.
(.8, 8.15), @DataSourceDefinition. 13.19 ExpensiveOrderMDB
.
13.19. ExpensiveOrderMDB,
@JMSConnectionFactoryDefinition(name = "jms/javaee7/ConnectionFactory",
className = "javax.jms.ConnectionFactory")
@JMSDestinationDefinition(name = "jms/javaee7/Topic",
className = "javax.jms.Topic")
public class ExpensiveOrderMDB implements MessageListener {...}
MDB GlassFish
MDB .jar,
GlassFish. ,
-. asadmin
: , ,
chapter13-MDB-1.0.jar, , GlassFish
, :
$ asadmin deploy chapter13-MDB-1.0.jar
,
.jar ( EJB):
$ asadmin list-components
chapter13-MDB-1.0 <ejb>

MDB GlassFish jms/javaee7/Topic,
. OrderConsumer Order
Producer. ,
main, GlassFish, Java SE. OrderConsumer:
$ java cp target/classes OrderConsumer
. , $2000:
$ java cp target/classes OrderProducer 2000
544 13.
$1000 ( ),
OrderExpensiveMD, OrderConsumer . GlassFish, .
$1000, MDB , OrderConsumer:
$ java cp target/classes OrderProducer 500
,
, . MOM ,
. RPC (, RMI), .
JMS API ( ) . API,
Java SE Java EE. P2P
pub-sub, , , , , (, , ) (, , , ,
), ,
.
Java EE MDB.
, MDB ,
( , , ,
, , ..).
, Maven,
GlassFish OpenMQ,
MDB.
,
, SOAP - RESTful.
14.
- SOAP
- (),
. , , HTML: ,
. - . URL,
, .
- -
(SOA). - . - , SOAP, , REST (. ).
- SOAP, , , -,
, (,
, , ,
). - SOAP
, - ( ).
(Visual Basic, C#, C, C++, Java ..). -
-
: XML-. SOAP XML , , XML.
- SOAP .
, , , - SOAP
. HTTP ,
.
- SOAP .
business-to-business (B2B), ,
, . SOAP , ( Enterprise
Application Integration, EAI).
.
,
, - SOAP, WSDL SOAP.
, - SOAP, .
546 14. - SOAP
- SOAP
, - SOAP -,
( ) ( ). , EJB, - SOAP XML. - SOAP ,
, , ,
- ( ).
.14.1 SOAP. (UDDI),
.
, .
.14.1.
- SOAP .
, :
(XML) , - SOAP (SOAP, WSDL UDDI);
Web Services Description Language (WSDL, -) , , ;
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP, )
, XML, -;
.
(HTTP)
, SMTP JMS ;
Universal Description Discovery and Integration (UDDI)
, . SOAP- (WSDL).
547
- SOAP
- SOAP
. ,
XML.
XML
XML 12, , XML-,
. XML , , - SOAP. , XML , -
(WSDL) (SOAP). XML-
(XSD)
. - SOAP
RPC (Remote Procedure Call, )
XML.
WSDL
WSDL (IDL), - SOAP (.14.2).
- SOAP, , , , , , . ,
. WSDL
Java, XML.
.14.2. WSDL -
-
,
. WSDL. 14.1 ,
- SOAP,
(
). WSDL XML,
, , , - (soap:address location), (operation
name="validate" )
(soap:binding transport).
548 14. - SOAP

14.1. WSDL,

<definitions
xmlns:wsam="http://www.w3.org/2007/05/addressing/metadata"
xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/"
xmlns:tns="http://chapter14.javaee7.book.agoncal.org/"
xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
targetNamespace="http://chapter14.javaee7.book.agoncal.org/"
name="CardValidatorService">
<types>
<xsd:schema>
<xsd:import namespace="http://chapter14.javaee7.book.agoncal.org/"
schemaLocation="http://localhost:8080/chapter14/
CardValidatorService?xsd=1"/>
</xsd:schema>
</types>
<message name="validate">
<part name="parameters" element="tns:validate"/>
</message>
<message name="validateResponse">
<part name="parameters" element="tns:validateResponse"/>
</message>
<portType name="CardValidator">
<operation name="validate">
<input message="tns:validate"/>
<output message="tns:validateResponse"/>
</operation>
</portType>
<binding name="CardValidatorPortBinding" type="tns:CardValidator">
<soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/
http"style="document"/>
<operation name="validate">
<soap:operation soapAction=""/>
<input>
<soap:body use="literal"/>
</input>
<output>
</output>
</operation>
</binding>
<service name="CardValidatorService">
<port name="CardValidatorPort" binding="tns:CardValidatorPortBinding">
<soap:address location="http://localhost:8080/chapter14/
CardValidatorService"/>
</port>
</service>
</definitions>
WSDL XML , ,
. , -
549
- SOAP
(types, message, portType, binding, service). .14.1
WSDL. WSDL ,
, .14.1 W3C.
WSDL, ,
W3C.
14.1. WSDL
definitions
WSDL, ,
types
, .
XML (CardValidatorService?xsd=1) , -
message
, -. ( validate)
(validateResponse)
portType
- ( validate).
binding
( SOAP) ,
service
<port>, ( URL)
port
<xsd:import namespace> XML-,

WSDL. 14.2
, -: CreditCard (,
..), (validate),
( ), (validateResponse).
14.2. WSDL
<xs:schema xmlns:tns="http://chapter14.javaee7.book.agoncal.org/"
xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="http://chapter14.javaee7.book.agoncal.org/
"version="1.0">
<xs:element name="validate" type="tns:validate"/>
<xs:element name="validateResponse" type="tns:validateResponse"/>
<xs:complexType name="validate">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="arg0" type="tns:creditCard" minOccurs="0"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
< xs:complexType name="creditCard">
<xs:sequence/>
<xs:attribute name="expiry_date" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
550 14. - SOAP

<xs:attribute name="control_number" type="xs:int" use="required"/>
<xs:attribute name="type" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="validateResponse">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="return" type="xs:boolean"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>
JAXB, 12, , XSD 14.2 Java .

WSDL
- ( , JAX-WS
, ).
SOAP
WSDL -, SOAP
, XML-,
(.14.3). SOAP -. -, XML- , HTTP. WSDL, SOAP XML,
SOAP XML-
(, , ..). HTTP, - SOAP XML, HTTP, HTTP.
.14.3. , - SOAP
SOAP ,
.
, .
, .14.3. - SOAP ,
( , , ), ,
. 14.3 14.4 SOAP.
551
- SOAP
14.3. SOAP-,
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/
xmlns:cc="http://chapter14.javaee7.book.agoncal.org/">
<soap:Header/>
<soap:Body>
<cc:validate>
<arg0 number="123456789011" expiry_date="10/12" control_number="544"
type="Visa"/>
</cc:validate>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
14.4. SOAP-,
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
<soap:Body>
<cc:validateResponse>
<return>true</return>
</cc:validateResponse>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
SOAP-
(.14.3), validate - . SOAP (.14.4)
( ).
.14.2 SOAP.
WSDL, SOAP W3C.
14.2. SOAP
Envelope
, .

Header
Body
Fault
, .
UDDI
, ,
, .
,
. UDDI - , . WSDL
UDDI, .
552 14. - SOAP

. , - UDDI, .
UDDI XML -,
, . , , ,
..
-. , WSDL.

UDDI , (IBM, Microsoft SAP). 2006 , UDDI. 2007 ,
UDDI OASIS, .

-, . SOAP , . , - , HTTP,
, HTTPS (HTTP Secure),
TCP/IP, SMTP (Simple Mail Transport Protocol, ), FTP (File Transfer Protocol, ) ..
- SOAP
4,
JPA. - , , . , -,
Java Community Process (JCP).
- SOAP
- SOAP . - : Common Object Request Broker
Architecture (CORBA), UNIX-,
Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM),
Microsoft. Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI).
, . HTTP
, . XML ,
553
- SOAP
W3C , XML1.0 .
1998 , HTTP XML, .
SOAP 1.0, Microsoft 1998,
1999.
XML. 2000 IBM SOAP1.1, WSDL W3C 2001. UDDI 2000 (OASIS),
-. SOAP,
WSDL UDDI -, . IT-.
Java - Java API XML RPC1.0 (JAX-RPC1.0) 2002, JAX-RPC1.1
J2EE1.4 2003.
. JavaEE5 Java
Java API XML - 2.0 (JAXWS2.0) - SOAP.
Java EE7 JAX-WS2.2a.
,
- SOAP
-,
, .14.3, W3C, JCP
OASIS.
14.3. , - SOAP
JSR
URL
JAX-WS
2.2a
JCP
224
1.3
JCP
109
2.1
JCP
181
JAXB
2.2
JCP
222
SAAJ
1.3
JCP
67
JAX-RPC
1.1
JCP
101
http://jcp.org/en/jsr/
detail?id=101
JAXR
1.1
JCP
93
SOAP
1.2
W3C
http://www.w3.org/TR/soap/
XML
1.1
W3C
http://www.w3.org/TR/xml
WSDL
1.1
W3C
http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl
UDDI
1.0
OASIS
http://uddi.org/pubs/uddi_v3.htm
W3C , -,
HTML, XHTML, RDF, CSS .., , -,
XML, XML-, SOAP WSDL.
554 14. - SOAP

OASIS - , UDDI,
WS-Addressing, WS-Security, WS-Reliability ( WS-*).
Java. JCP ,
Java EE7 Java SE7. JAX-WS2.2a (JSR 224), Web Services1.3
(JSR 109), Web Services Metadata 2.3 (JSR 181) JAXB 2.2 (JSR 222).
Java Web Services (JWS Java). SAAJ (SOAP with Attachments API for Java API SOAP Java), JSR67, JavaSE SOAP .
JavaEE
JavaEE. JAX-WS
JAX-RPC (JSR 101), . JAX-RPC
Java EE6, , Java EE7. Java API XML (Java API for XML Registers, JAXR) API
Java, UDDI. UDDI
, JSR (93) Java EE7.
, ,
- SOAP Java , API.
, (XML,
WSDL, SOAP, HTTP ..) JWS
, .
JAX-WS 2.2a
JAX-WS 2.2a API ( .14.4)
, - Java.

- SOAP, . ,
, SOAP, JAX-WS. JAX-WS , Java
XML (JAXB), 12.
14.4. JAX-WS
javax.xml.ws
API JAX-WS
javax.xml.ws.http
API, XML/HTTP
javax.xml.ws.soap
API, SOAP 1.1/ HTTP

SOAP 1.2/HTTP
javax.xml.ws.handler API
Web Services1.3
JSR109
- JavaEE.
- .
555
- SOAP
WS-Metadata 2.3
Web Services Metadata (WS-Metadata, JSR181)
, - (
.14.5). JSR181 -.
WSDL Java , . Java EJB.
14.5. WS-Metadadta
javax.jws
Java WSDL
javax.jws.soap
API, -
SOAP
- SOAP
, JAX-WS WS-Metadata Java EE7.
- SOAP Java EE. , Java EE7 - SOAP , , , .. Bean Validation ,
(.3).

Metro - Java
. JAX-WS JAXB, API JAXRPC. , , ,
SOAP -, - SOAP. Metro
GlassFish, GlassFish, Java SE - (, Tomcat Jetty).
Apache CXF ( XFire) Apache Axis2
JWS. , , - SOAP.
- SOAP
,
HTTP, WSDL, SOAP XML. -
SOAP ? WSDL,
Java.
WSDL ,
Java .
, . (WSDL) ,
556 14. - SOAP

.. , Java . Metro (wsimport), WSDL.
WSDL. Metro (wsgen) WSDL . , ,
WSDL . JAX-WS.
Java WSDL . : , Java
, .
/ , ,
.
, , , -
. - SOAP Java EE7 WSDL SOAP. -
POJO, -.
14.5 -, .
14.5. - CardValidator
@WebService
public boolean validate(CreditCard creditCard) {
Character lastDigit = creditCard.getNumber().charAt(
creditCard.getNumber().length() - 1);
if (Integer.parseInt(lastDigit.toString()) % 2 != 0) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
}
EJB, - SOAP POJO, .

, - Java, @javax.jws.WebService, .
JAX-WS ,
Java XML, HTTP. -
SOAP CardValidator ,
. , .
, , .
557
- SOAP
CreditCard (14.6) , - SOAP. -
XML-,
Java XML. JAXB,
API. 12,
CreditCard @javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement,
(, @XmlAttribute),
. JAXB XML
Java .
@XmlRootElement
@XmlAttribute(name = "expiry_date", required = true)
@XmlAttribute(name = "control_number", required = true)
// ,
}
JAXB
XML, . - Java, .
- SOAP
Java EE7, - SOAP , ,
. ,
POJO - SOAP @WebService. - :
@javax.jws.WebService XML-
(webservices.xml);
( )
( ),
@WebService;
final abstract;
;
finalize();
- SOAP - ,
@javax.ejb.Stateless @javax.ejb.Singleton
(.7);
558 14. - SOAP

, , .
WS-Metadata (JSR 181) , ,
, POJO -,
.
. , ,
-,
EJB ( EJB).
- SOAP
JAX-WS - Java EJB.
(SEI).
POJO (.14.5) - EJB (14.7), , , - EJB
@Stateless ( @Singleton). ,
.
14.7. - CardValidator EJB
@WebService
@Stateless
if (Integer.parseInt(lastDigit.toString()) % 2 != 0) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
}
,
EJB, . EJB,
, ,
, . -
- EJB .
, - SOAP, RMI,
.
WSDL
XML-,
WSDL SOAP. Java
, . -
559
- SOAP
Java WSDL. JAXB ,
, / XML
. , JWS Java
WSDL ,
SOAP SOAP .
JAX-WS (JSR224) WS-Metadata (JSR181)
:
WSDL javax.jws
WSDL/Java. @WebMethod, @WebResult,
@WebParam @OneWay - ;
SOAP javax.jws.soap
SOAP (@SoapBinding @SOAPMessageHandler).
Java EE7, -
XML (webservices.xml).
WSDL.
@WebService
@javax.jws.WebService Java -.
(
), , . :
@WebService
public class CardValidator {...}
,
. ,
endpointInterface:
@WebService
public interface Validator {...}
@WebService (endpointInterface = "org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter14.
Validator")
public class CardValidator implements Validator {...}
@WebService (14.8), - WSDL ( <wsdl:portType>

<wsdl:service>) ,
WSDL ( wsdlLocation).
14.8. @WebService API
@Retention(RUNTIME) @Target(TYPE)
public @interface WebService {
String targetNamespace() default "";
String serviceName() default "";
String portName() default "";
560 14. - SOAP

String wsdlLocation() default "";
String endpointInterface() default "";
}
, WSDL
- SOAP, . :
@WebService(portName = "CreditCardValidator",
serviceName = "ValidatorService")
public class CardValidator {...}
WSDL, 14.1,
:
<service name="ValidatorService">
<port name="CreditCardValidator" binding="tns:CreditCardValidatorBinding">
<soap:address location="http://localhost:8080/chapter14/ValidatorService"/>
</port>
</service>
@WebService, -, ,
@WebMethod.
@WebMethod
- SOAP WSDL
.
, @javax.jws.WebMethod
. API :
WSDL. 14.9 , -
CardValidator .
14.9. ,
@WebService
@WebMethod(operationName = "ValidateCreditCard")
// -
}
@ WebMethod(operationName = "ValidateCreditCardNumber")
public void validate(String creditCardNumber) {
// -
}
@WebMethod(exclude = true)
public void validate(Long creditCardNumber) {
// -
}
}
561
- SOAP
WSDL, 14.10, : ValidateCreditCard ValidateCreditCardNumber.
WSDL.
14.10. WSDL
<message name="ValidateCreditCard">
<part name="parameters" element="tns:ValidateCreditCard"/>
</message>
<message name="ValidateCreditCardResponse">
<part name="parameters" element="tns:ValidateCreditCardResponse"/>
</message>
<message name="ValidateCreditCardNumber">
<part name="parameters" element="tns:ValidateCreditCardNumber"/>
</message>
<message name="ValidateCreditCardNumberResponse">
<part name="parameters" element="tns:ValidateCreditCardNumberResponse"/>
</message>
<operation name="ValidateCreditCard">
<input message="tns:ValidateCreditCard"/>
<output message="tns:ValidateCreditCardResponse"/>
</operation>
<operation name="ValidateCreditCardNumber">
<input message="tns:ValidateCreditCardNumber"/>
<output message="tns:ValidateCreditCardNumberResponse"/>
</operation>
</portType>
@WebResult
@javax.jws.WebResult ,
WSDL. 14.11 validate() IsValid.
14.11.
@WebService
@WebResult(name = "IsValid")
// -
}
}
WSDL return.
@WebResult
:

<xs:element name="return" type="xs:boolean"/>

<xs:element name="IsValid" type="xs:boolean"/>
562 14. - SOAP

, WSDL, XML ,
@WebParam, 14.12.
14.12. @WebParam API
@Retention(RUNTIME) @Target(PARAMETER)
public @interface WebParam {
public enum Mode {IN, OUT, INOUT};
String targetNamespace() default "";
boolean header() default false;
String partName() default "";
};
@WebParam
@javax.jws.WebParam, 14.12,
@WebResult, -. API
WSDL (14.13),
. : IN, OUT INOUT (), ,
( IN).
14.13.
@WebService
public boolean validate(@WebParam(name= "Credit-Card", mode = IN)
CreditCard creditCard) {
// -
}
}
XSD, 14.2, , arg0.

@WebParam Credit-Card:

<xs:element name="arg0" type="tns:creditCard" minOccurs="0"/>

<xs:element name="Credit-Card" type="tns:creditCard" minOccurs="0"/>
@OneWay
@OneWay , , void.
,
, ,
(, , ).
@SoapBinding
, - , SOAP.
563
- SOAP
SOAP, WSDL1.1: RPC ( ). , SOAP.
SOAP .
<soap:Body> , . .
RPC SOAP . <soap:Body>
. ,
, .
SOAP ( , )
/.
XML-.
SOAP , , , .
/:
/ ( );
/ ( WS-*);
RPC/ ;
RPC/ .
WSDL, ,
(/ ).
@SoapBinding , 14.14, .
14.14. -, RPC/
@WebService
@SOAPBinding(style = RPC, use = LITERAL)
// -
}
}
14.14 ,
RPC. WSDL XML-,
- SOAP . 14.15
.
14.15. WSDL RPC

<part name="parameters" element="tns:validate"/>
</message>
564 14. - SOAP

<part name="parameters" element="tns:validateResponse"/>
</message>
...
<soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"
style="document"/>

<part name="arg0" type="tns:creditCard"/>
</message>
<part name="return" type="xsd:boolean"/>
</message>
...
<soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" style="rpc"/>

, - SOAP, . - CardValidator,
14.5, (14.16).
14.16. - CardValidator,
@WebService(portName = "CreditCardValidator",
serviceName = "ValidatorService")
@SOAPBinding(style = RPC, use = LITERAL)
@WebMethod(operationName = "ValidateCreditCard")
public boolean validate(@WebParam(name = "Credit-Card")
CreditCard creditCard) {
// -
}
@WebMethod(operationName = "ValidateCreditCardNumber")
public void validate(@WebParam(name = "Credit-Card-Number")
String creditCardNumber) {
// -
}
@WebMethod(exclude = true)
public void validate(Long creditCardNumber) {
// -
}
}
565

14.16 -, RPC/ ( ,
validate(Long CreditCardNumber) - @WebMethod(exclude=true)).
, WSDL
. 14.17 WSDL, , 14.1
( ).
14.17. WSDL

<definitions
xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/"
xmlns:tns="http://chapter14.javaee7.book.agoncal.org/"
xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
name="ValidatorService">
<types>
<xsd:schema>
<xsd:import namespace="http://chapter14.javaee7.book.agoncal.org/"
schemaLocation="http://localhost:8080/chapter14/
ValidatorService?xsd=1"/>
</xsd:schema>
</types>
<message name="ValidateCreditCard">
<part name="Credit-Card" type="tns:creditCard"/>
</message>
<message name="ValidateCreditCardResponse">
<part name="IsValid" type="xsd:boolean"/>
</message>
<message name="ValidateCreditCardNumber">
<part name="Credit-Card-Number" type="xsd:string"/>
</message>
<message name="ValidateCreditCardNumberResponse"/>
<input message="tns:ValidateCreditCard"/>
<output message="tns:ValidateCreditCardResponse"/>
</operation>
<input message="tns:ValidateCreditCardNumber"/>
<output message="tns:ValidateCreditCardNumberResponse"/>
</operation>
</portType>
<binding name="CreditCardValidatorBinding" type="tns:CardValidator">
<soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"
style="rpc"/>
<input>
566 14. - SOAP

</input>
<output>
</output>
</operation>
<input>
</input>
<output>
</output>
</operation>
</binding>
<service name="ValidatorService">
<port name="CreditCardValidator"
binding="tns:CreditCardValidatorBinding">
<soap:address location="http://localhost:8080/chapter14/
ValidatorService"/>
</port>
</service>
</definitions>
@WebService WSDL <portType name> <port

name>. @WebMethod <operation name>, @WebResult
@WebParam <part name>, <message>.
XML- , ,
<xs:complexType>. (14.18),
XSD, 14.2. , - SOAP

RPC ( /,
creditCard boolean).
14.18. XML-
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
version="1.0">
<xs:sequence/>
<xs:attribute name="expiry_date" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
<xs:attribute name="control_number" type="xs:int" use="required"/>
<xs:attribute name="type" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>
WSDL (.14.17) XSD (. 14.18) .
567

SOAP. 14.19 SOAP-,
-. (ValidateCreditCard) ,
(Credit-Card).
14.19. SOAP ValidateCreditCard
<soap:Header/>
<soap:Body>
<cc:ValidateCreditCard>
<Credit-Card number="123456789011" expiry_date="10/12"
control_number="544" type="Visa"/>
</cc:ValidateCreditCard>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
14.20 SOAP, . , , ,
(<IsValid>true</IsValid>).
14.20. SOAP ValidateCreditCard
<soap:Body>
<cc:ValidateCreditCardResponse>
<IsValid>true</IsValid>
</cc:ValidateCreditCardResponse>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

: , - , .
. Java, - ,
JVM . - SOAP
,
. , SOAP Fault SOAP. JAX-WS Java SOAP Fault, . ,
, SOAP Fault.
validate - CardValidator, 14.5, , , CreditCard ,
NullPointerException.
JAX-WS NullPointerException ,
SOAP Fault (14.21) .
568 14. - SOAP

14.21. SOAP Fault SOAP
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<soap:Body>
<soap:Fault>
<faultcode>soap:Server</faultcode>
<faultstring>java.lang.NullPointerException</faultstring>
</soap:Fault>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
14.21, JAX-WS
faultstring,
Java. faultCode. soap:Server,
, ( soap:Client).
SOAP Fault (14.22). - (
), . soap:Fault, SOAP
.
14.22.
@WebService
public class CardValidator throws CardValidatorException {
if (Integer.parseInt(lastDigit.toString()) % 2 == 0) {
return true;
} else {
throw new CardValidatorException(" ");
}
}
}
Exception, RuntimeException
- SOAP, javax.xml.ws.WebServiceException
(, javax.xml.ws.soap.SOAPFaultException). @WebFault,
SOAP (14.23).
14.23. WebFault
@WebFault(name = "CardValidationFault")
public class CardValidatorException extends Exception {
public CardValidatorRTException() {
super();
}
569

public CardValidatorRTException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
- SOAP , 14.23,
JAX-WS SOAP,
14.24.
14.24. SOAP Fault SOAP
<soap:Body>
<soap:Fault>
<faultcode>soap:Server</faultcode>
<faultstring>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter14.CardValidatorException</
faultstring>
<detail>
<ns2:CardValidationFault
xmlns:ns2="http://chapter14.javaee7.book.agoncal.org/">
<message> </message>
</ns2:CardValidationFault>
</detail>
</soap:Fault>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
SOAP
faultCode .., API javax.xml.soap.SOAPFactory
javax.xml.soap.SOAPFault ( 14.25).
14.25. SOAPFactory SOAPFault
@WebService
return true;
} else {
SOAPFactory soapFactory = SOAPFactory.newInstance();
SOAPFault fault = soapFactory.createFault("
", new QName("ValidationFault"));
throw new CardValidatorException(fault);
}
}
}
14.25 SOAPFault (ValidationFault), SOAP

(14.26).
570 14. - SOAP

14.26. SOAPFault, SOAP
<soap:Body>
<soap:Fault>
<faultcode>ValidationFault</faultcode>
<faultstring> </faultstring>
</soap:Fault>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

.14.4, - SOAP
, .
, : , . .
.14.4. - SOAP
- EJB ( ) , @PostConstruct
@PreDestroy. @PostConstruct,
, -, @PreDestroy .
, ( 2).
WebServiceContext
- SOAP javax.xml.ws.WebServiceContext @Resource.
- ,
571

, .

JAX-WS WS-Metadata Java EE7, ,
CDI, @Inject,
WebServiceContext: @Resource.
14.27 WebServiceContext, , Admin . .14.6 , javax.xml.ws.WebServiceContext.

14.27. - SOAP, WebServiceContext
@WebService
@Resource
private WebServiceContext context;
if (!context.isUserInRole("Admin"))
throw new SecurityException(" ");
// -
}
}
14.6. WebServiceContext
getMessageContext
MessageContext ,
.
SOAP: , ..
getUserPrincipal
Principal, ,

isUserInRole
, ,

getEndpointReference EndpointReference,

Java EE7, - SOAP
(, ),
XML. WEB-INF webservices.xml
. Java EE7, webservices.xml ,
,
. , 14.28 ,
WSDL (OverriddenPort) - CardValidator.
572 14. - SOAP

14.28. webservices.xml
<webservices xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/javaee_web_services_1_3.xsd"
version="1.3">
<webservice-description>
<webservice-description-name>CardValidatorWS</webservice-description-name>
<port-component>
<port-component-name>CardValidator</port-component-name>
<wsdl-port>OverriddenPort</wsdl-port>
<service-endpoint-interface>
org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter14.Validator
</service-endpoint-interface>
<service-impl-bean>
<servlet-link>CardValidatorServlet</servlet-link>
</service-impl-bean>
</port-component>
</webservice-description>
</webservices>
- SOAP .war .jar (

EJB). , .war , EJB Lite. -, .jar EJB, , , .
, :
;
( );
WSDL , ( ,
, WSDL JAX-WS);
SOAP ( , JAX-WS);
.
- SOAP
- SOAP , Java EE, GlassFish JBoss. , JAX-WS Java EE7 . - SOAP
-, Tomcat Jetty, JAX-WS, Metro, CXF Axis2.
573
- SOAP
, JAX-WS Java SE EJB (,
-). API javax.xml.ws.Endpoint
- SOAP. Endpoint.publish (14.29)
HTTP, Oracle JVM
( com.sun.net.httpserver).
14.29. - SOAP,
@WebService
// -
}
Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/cardValidator",
new CardValidator());
}
}
14.29 publish - SOAP

CardValidator, http://
localhost:8080/cardValidator. -.
stop,
(
).
- SOAP
, , - SOAP.
, . WSDL Java ( )
-, HTTP SOAP. -
RMI. RMI, JAX-WS
. , -
( ,
, Java, RMI-IIOP).
WSDL . Metro
WSDL Java (wsimport), Java- WSDL. Java - ( EJB).
Java -, HTTP.
(.14.5),
SOAP () . , SOAP
574 14. - SOAP

.
. - SEI, -, .
.14.5. , -
SOAP
WSDL, , CardValidator (SOAP- validate)
(SOAP- validateResponse).

wsimport wsgen JDK1.7, GlassFish Metro.
wsimport WSDL
JAX-WS, SEI; wsgen - WSDL.
Java
SE7 (CLI) GlassFish, Ant
Maven.
SOAP
JAX-WS JavaSE, - SOAP
Java, Main, JVM,
JavaEE, (, EJB
). , , .
-, @javax.xml.ws.WebServiceRef
CDI.

, - SOAP. 14.30, -
CardValidator .
575
- SOAP
CardValidatorService ( WSDL wsimport)
new. - Card
Validator (getCardValidatorPort()) - .
validate(), , ,
-, SOAP, .. , URL
WSDL
.
14.30. Java SE, - SOAP
public class WebServiceConsumer {

CreditCard creditCard = new CreditCard();
creditCard.setNumber("12341234");
creditCard.setExpiryDate("10/12");
creditCard.setType("VISA");
creditCard.setControlNumber(1234);
CardValidator cardValidator =
new CardValidatorService().getCardValidatorPort();
cardValidator.validate(creditCard);
, . WSDL, . , URL,
-, CreditCard XML,
- SOAP SOAP.

, ,
- SOAP . 14.31 Java- main, (ACC) @WebServiceRef. @Resource @EJB, ,
-. ( ), -
.
14.31. Java SE, ACC

@WebServiceRef
private static CardValidatorService cardValidatorService;
576 14. - SOAP

CardValidator cardValidator =
cardValidatorService.getCardValidatorPort();
cardValidator.validate(creditCard);
}
}
, 14.31 , EJB, - JSF.

, , @WebServiceRef .
CDI
JAX-WS Java EE7 , , CDI. ,
- @Inject. , 2,
CDI,
(14.32).
14.32. , -
public class WebServiceProducer {

@Produces
@WebServiceRef
private CardValidatorService cardValidatorService;
}
WebServiceProducer 14.32 EJB CardValidatorService @Inject - (14.33).

CDI, - SOAP,
2.
14.33. EJB, CDI .
-
@Stateless
public class EJBConsumerWithCDI {
@Inject
private CardValidatorService cardValidatorService;
CardValidator cardValidator = cardValidatorService.getCardValidatorPort();
return cardValidator.validate(creditCard);
}
}
577

, - SOAP,
, GlassFish .
JAXB JAX-WS, Maven wsimport. -,
. , -
CardValidator.
- SOAP CardValidator , .
, CreditCard,
true, , false, . -, ( HTTP-).
- GlassFish, wsimport ,
- .
.14.6, Maven:
- .war (chapter14-service-1.0.war), .jar (chapter14-consumer-1.0.jar).
, ,
(wsimport), ( JAX-WS).
CreditCard
CreditCard, 14.34, POJO,
- validate(). - SOAP XML-, Java. CreditCard JAXB (, @XmlRootElement), XML , SOAP.
CreditCard ,
, ( MM/), (Visa, Master Card, American Express ..),
.
@XmlRootElement
@XmlAttribute(name = "expiry_date", required = true)
@XmlAttribute(name = "control_number", required = true)
// ,
}
.14.6.
578 14. - SOAP
579

- SOAP CardValidator
- CardValidator (14.36) Validator (14.35), JAX-WS- @WebService. CardValidator
POJO, -, EJB ( @Stateless @Singleton).
validate(), CreditCard.
:
, . boolean.
.war (chapter14service-1.0.war).
14.35. -
@WebService
public interface Validator {
public boolean validate(CreditCard creditCard);
}
14.36. - CardValidator
@WebService(endpointInterface = "org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter14.
Validator")
public class CardValidator implements Validator {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
}
Java
WSDL, @WebMethod, @WebResult @WebParam,
, -,
.
CardValidatorTest
- SOAP ,
- (
, , ..). POJO
CardValidator .
14.37, POJO CardValidator,
CreditCard , , .
, ,
.
580 14. - SOAP

14.37. CardValidatorTest
public class CardValidatorTest {

@Test
public void shouldCheckCreditCardValidity() {
CardValidator cardValidator = new CardValidator();
CreditCard creditCard = new CreditCard("12341234", "10/10", 1234, "VISA");
assertTrue(" ", cardValidator.
validate(creditCard));
assertFalse(" ", cardValidator.
validate(creditCard));
}
}
, , , - SOAP ? 14.27, ,
WebServiceContext, , Admin. WebServiceContext
null .
(, WebServiceContext), - SOAP
, .
CardValidatorIT
- SOAP
-, WSDL
.. ,
, , . Java SE6
- API javax.xml.ws.Endpoint.
14.38 JUnit, -
CardValidator SOAP URL (http://localhost:8080/cardValidator).
(endpoint.isPublished())
WSDL URL http://localhost:8080/cardValidator?wsdl
(Service.create(wsdlDocumentLocation, serviceQN)). servi
ce.getPort - SOAP,
(cardValidator.validate(creditCard)). ,
- (endpoint.stop()).
14.38. CardValidatorIT
public class CardValidatorIT {

@Test
public void shouldCheckCreditCardValidity() throws MalformedURLException {
// - SOAP
Endpoint endpoint =
581

Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/cardValidator",
new CardValidator());
assertTrue(endpoint.isPublished());
assertEquals("http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/http",
endpoint.getBinding().getBindingID());
// -
URL wsdlDocumentLocation =
new URL("http://localhost:8080/cardValidator?wsdl");
String namespaceURI = "http://chapter14.javaee7.book.agoncal.org/";
String servicePart = "CardValidatorService";
String portName = "CardValidatorPort";
QName serviceQN = new QName(namespaceURI, servicePart);
QName portQN = new QName(namespaceURI, portName);
//
Service service = Service.create(wsdlDocumentLocation, serviceQN);
Validator cardValidator = service.getPort(portQN, Validator.class);
// -
CreditCard creditCard = new CreditCard("12341234", "10/10", 1234, "VISA");
assertTrue(" ",
cardValidator.validate(creditCard));
assertFalse(" ",
cardValidator.validate(creditCard));
// - SOAP
endpoint.stop();
assertFalse(endpoint.isPublished());
}
}
, - CardValidator SOAP ,
GlassFish.
,
Maven
- CardValidator ( 14.35 14.36) , .war
(<packaging>war</packaging>). pom.xml (14.39)
glassFish-embedded-all,
Java EE7, JAX-WS -.
glassFish-embedded-all GlassFish4.0
.jar, . 1.7 maven-compiler-plugin , Java
SE7 (<source>1.7</source>).
582 14. - SOAP

14.39. pom.xml , -

<parent>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
583

<configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>verify</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Java EE7 ,
web.xml webservices.xml. , Maven
web.xml .war,
failOnMissingWebXml maven-war-plugin false,
Maven .
-
, pom.xml, Maven:
$
mvn package
target, chapter14-service-1.0.war.
, , Validator.class, CardValidator.class Credit
Card.class WEB-INF\classes. .war ,
WSDL ( JAX-WS).
(. 14.37)
(. 14.38) Maven Surefire Failsafe, Maven:
, SOAP - CardValidator ,
GlassFish.
GlassFish
- .war, GlassFish.
asadmin.
, chapter14-service-1.0.war, ,
GlassFish , :
584 14. - SOAP

$ asadmin deploy chapter14-service-1.0.war
Application deployed with name chapter14-service-1.0.
Command deploy executed successfully.
,
:
chapter14-service-1.0 <webservices, web>
, GlassFish - ( .war
-, ..) -. GlassFish, .14.7 (http://localhost:4848/),
, chapter14-service-1.0 Applications ().
.14.7. -, GlassFish
, WSDL, ,
URL
WSDL - SOAP CardValidator:
http://localhost:8080/chapter14-service-1.0/CardValidatorService?wsdl
, WSDL
.war. Metro WSDL , - ( SOAP Validate SOAP ValidateResponse,
.14.6). WSDL , -.
WebServiceConsumer
- , GlassFish , ,
URL WSDL. WSDL - wsimport. -, ,
14.40.
585

14.40. WebServiceConsumer, -

@WebServiceRef
private static CardValidatorService cardValidatorService;
CardValidator cardValidator = cardValidatorService.getCardValidatorPort();
System.out.println(cardValidator.validate(creditCard));
}
}
WebServiceConsumer CreditCard, , -,
validate() (true false ,
). ,
. CardValidatorService, CardValidator CreditCard . , .

Maven
WebServiceConsumer
wsimport. , Maven JAX-WS wsimport,
generate-resources. Maven
. generate-resources . , ,
wsimport, WSDL. , - GlassFish
WSDL. :
pom.xml 14.41 , glassfishembedded-all 4.0, JDK (1.7). WebServiceConsumer chapter14-consumer-1.0.jar. .jar,

META-INF/MANIFEST.MF, . Main-Class ,
WebServiceConsumer. .jar (, java -jar).
586 14. - SOAP

14.41. pom.xml

<parent>
</parent>
<artifactId>chapter14-consumer</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>org.agoncal.book.javaee7.chapter14.WebServiceConsumer</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.jvnet.jax-ws-commons</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxws-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>wsimport</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<wsdlUrls>
<wsdlUrl>
587

</wsdlUrl>
</wsdlUrls>
<keep>true</keep>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
, , , Maven:
$
mvn generate-sources
Maven generate-sources , , wsimport. URL -

WSDL, . Maven:
[INFO] --- jaxws-maven-plugin:2.2:wsimport (default) @ chapter14-consumer --[INFO] Processing: http://localhost:8080/chapter14-service-1.0/
CardValidatorService?wsdl
[INFO] jaxws:wsimport args: [-keep,
chapter14-consumer/target/generated-sources/wsimport,
-encoding, UTF-8, -Xnocompile,
http://localhost:8080/chapter14-service-1.0/CardValidatorService?wsdl]
parsing WSDL...
Generating code...
[INFO] --------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ---------------------------------------------------------------------
, target/generated-sources/wsim
port . , ,
CardValidator, CardValidatorService CreditCard, SOAP
(Validate) (ValidateResponse).
JAXB JAX-WS, CreditCard
-. . .jar
:
$ mvn package
588 14. - SOAP

chapter14-consumer-1.0.jar, WebServiceConsumer, (..14.6,
). -.
WebServiceConsumer
, WebServiceConsumer @WebServiceRef,
-.
, (ACC). , chapter14-consumer-1.0.jar , Main-Class MANIFEST.MF. , , appclient,
GlassFish, .jar :
$ appclient -client chapter14-consumer-1.0.jar
- HTTP , , .
, , .
, CORBA, DCOM, RPC RMI.
HTTP (W3C, OASIS) - SOAP
(XML) .
- SOAP , ()
().
- SOAP (WSDL, SOAP ..). , Java EE, JAX-WS, JAXB, WS-Metadata .. , .
, JAX-WS
Java WSDL.
, -, , ( )
Maven. WSDL
- SOAP.
Amazon, eBay, Google, Yahoo!
- SOAP. -
RESTful ( ), .
15.
- REST
- SOAP (SOAP, WSDL, WS-*), , , . - SOAP, -
B2B-, ,
. Web2.0 -,
- . ,
. HTML5 JavaScript -.
-. - , RESTful. , ,
Amazon, eBay, Google Yahoo!, - SOAP
RESTful-, .
(REST) , . -, ,
. - ,
(HTTP) (URI),
. , , URI
. HTTP GET ( ), DELETE,
POST ( ) PUT ( ).
RESTful- ,
: HTTP. - , REST-,
. - RESTful, , ,
HTTP- -,
, . , ,
(, , WSDL).
,
, REST. ,
- .
590 15. - REST
- RESTful
- SOAP , HTTP.
. , -
RESTful HTTP :
. REST
,
(URI). , -.
. REST
. RESTful ,
.

REST ,
( ). , Java . ?
(www.piter.com).
, ,
Java, .
. Java :
http://www.piter.com/search/index.php?q=Java&s.x=21&s.y=12&s=%CF%EE%E8%F1%
EA&ext=&inSaleOnly=0&searchAs=0&orderBy=r&order=ASC&itemsPerPage=10.
, ( ?).
, . . . Java.
. - (http://www.piter.com/book.phtml?978549600544).
.
. REST
; ,
, , .. .
URI
RESTful- .
, , . ,
, , (, , ). ,
. -
591
- RESTful
; . , ,
?
Java.
Java. .
.
URI, , , . URI: WWW-, , , ,
(URL) (URN). URI .15.1.
15.1. URI
URI
http://books.piter.com/collection/kompyutery-iinternet
Java.
http://static2.insales.ru/images/products/1/3744/
25513632/49600544.jpg
http://books.piter.com/page/sotrudnichestvo
http://pogoda.ru/Sankt-Peterburg/
Flickr
1 2014
http://www.flickr.com/explore/2014/01/01
Flickr

http://www.flickr.com/explore/interesting/7days
http://www.movies.com/categories/adventure
URI , . : URI,
,
. URI :
http://host:port/path?queryString#fragment
http , host DNS- IP-, port . Path , ;
/. ,
( , /,
&).
, #, ,
. URI
1 2014 :
http://www.weather.com:8080/weather/2014/01/01?location=Lisbon,Portugal&time=
morning
592 15. - REST
, , . , URI?
? , : , JSON, XML, PDF,
JPG . , ; .
. , Java Apress :
HTML-, : http://www.apress.com/java;
, (CSV): http://
www.apress.com/resource/csv/bookcategory?cat=32.
?
. URI , . . :
http://www.apress.com/java;
http://www.apress.com/java/csv;
http://www.apress.com/java/xml.
URI , URI
/csv ( : text/csv), /xml, /pdf ..
URI
(, http://www.apress.com/java) ,
. .
, URI .
, RESTful, . - . , URI,
. URI ,
. - ,
, .
, .
- 42 CreditCardValida
tor.java .
,
, . ? : 42 CreditCardValidator,
593
- RESTful
, URI
. REST- : , , , ..
URI ,
, ,
. ,
, .
, . ,
uv vu u, v. REST .
.
- , ,
. ,
. REST , -
, ,
. REST . URI, ,
-,
, , ..
, () CD
(15.1), , ( URI). , .
.
15.1. CD,
<cd>
<title> </title>
<year ref="http://music.com/year/1956">1956</year>
<artist ref="http://music.com/artists/123"> </artist>
<artist ref="http://music.com/artists/456"> </artist>
<link rel="self" type="text/json" href="http://music.com/album/789"/>
<link rel="self" type="text/xml" href="http://music.com/album/789"/>
<link rel="http://music.com/album/comments" type="text/xml"
href="http://music.com/album/789/comments"/>
</cd>
, . , ,
- , .
.
594 15. - REST

XML- , .
, URI http://music.com/album/789/comments.
- , URI, ,
. GET
, PUT ..
, : .

, RESTful, .
, , , . , . ,
( ,
, (Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software Architectures)).
,
.
- - HTTP. , , . HTTP
- . , SOAP, WSDL WS-*, HTTP ,
( SOAP- , JMS). , WSDL,
. -
(HTTP- URI), ,
(URI), HTTP- (GET, POST ..).
, . HTTP , ,
.

REST . , HTTP- ,
, .
:
. -
595
- RESTful
,
. 15.1, :
, ,
. , , , .
. ( ), .
.
, :
, ,
( ), (,
) .. ,
, .
HTTP
HTTP
. URI, HTML, -. HTTP W3C IETF. (RFC),
RFC216, HTTP1.1.

HTTP ,
.
(.15.1). , , .
.
.15.1. HTTP
Apress,
-, HTTP. ,
, , cURL. ,
http://www.apress.com/java?limit=all&mode=list:
$ curl vXGET http://www.apress.com/java?limit=all&mode=list
> GET /java?limit=all&mode=list HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.23.1 (x86_64-apple-darwin11.2.0) libcurl/7.23.1
zlib/1.2.5
596 15. - REST

> Host: www.apress.com
> Accept: */*
, :
HTTP-, GET;
, /java?limit=all&mode=list;
(User-Agent).
: .
GET .
:
< HTTP/1.1200 OK
< Date : Sat, 17 Nov 201217:42:15 GMT
< Server: Apache/2.2.3 (Red Hat)
< X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.17
< Vary: Accept-Encoding,User-Agent
< Transfer-Encoding: chunked
< Content-Type : text/html; charset=UTF-8
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>
...
:
200-OK;
Date, Server, Content-Type. text/html,
, XML (application/
xml) (image/jpeg);
-
(
HTML-).

cURL (http://curl.haxx.se/) URL- , HTTP, FTP, SFTP, SCP
. HTTP-, HTTP- ..
.
HTTP- ,
.
/, ,
.
IETF
597
- RESTful
, HTTP. .
.15.2 , .
15.2.
Accept
(, text/plain)
Accept-Charset
(, utf-8)
Accept-Encoding
(, gzip, deflate)
Accept-Language
(en-US)
Cookie
HTTP-cookie,
Content-Length
Content-Type
MIME- (, text/xml)
Date
ETag
(,
8af7ad3082f20958)
If-Match
,
,
If-Modified-Since
304 ,
User-Agent
, (,
Mozilla/5.0)
HTTP-
,
HTTP-. HTTP- GET, POST, PUT, DELETE. , . HTTP , , : HEAD, TRACE, OPTIONS, CONNECT.
GET ,
. GET ,
. , GET . , ,
, : , .
.
(, - ), , ,
, .
.
POST, (, XML ..),
, URI, . , POST
598 15. - REST

, , .. , POST ( ),
(
). ,
201 . GET POST.
PUT , URI. URI ,
URI. PUT , ,
. PUT (
), :
PUT, .
DELETE . DELETE ,
, .
DELETE , .
, HTTP, .
yy HEAD GET , . HEAD .
yy TRACE, . TRACE , ( ) , .
yy OPTIONS
, /,
URI.
/ , , .
.
yy CONNECT -, ( HTTP
).

1 , 12 HTTP.
. ,
;
.
1
. . .
599
- RESTful
, ( ), HTTP- Accept, Accept-Charset, Accept-Encoding, AcceptLanguage User-Agent. , Java, ( )
http://books.piter.com/search?q=Java, Accept text/csv. ,
Accept-Language
CSV (, ).

HTTP , (
MIME-). Content-Type Accept .
: text, image, audio, video application.
(text/plain, text/xml, text/xhtml ..).
:
text/plain ,
;
text/html . , - HTML;
image/gif, image/jpeg, image/png , , ( , ) ;
text/xml, application/xml , XML-
;
application/json JavaScript (JSON). , (.12).

HTTP-.
60 . Status-Code
, , .
. :
1xx : , ;
2xx : , ;
3xx :
;
4xx :
;
5xx : ,
.
600 15. - REST

.15.3 , .
15.3. HTTP
100
101
200
. , ,

201
204 - ,
206
;
,
301
URI,
URI
304 ,
307
URI;
- URI
308
,
URI
400
401
403, ,
403
404
- , URI,
405 - ,

406 , Accept,
500

501
503 - ,
; ,

505 HTTP HTTP,
601
- RESTful

.
, .
HTTP . ,
, , .
GET
Last-Modified. .
, If-Modified-Since. - ( -)
. , , , 304 .
.
; , ,
.
ETag. ETag MD5- SHA1- .
, ETag.
.15.2 , ETag. , GET, URI (GET /
book/12345). XML- ,
200 , ETag.
, ETag If-None-Match,
,
. 304 , , .
. 15.2. 304
, HTTP- If-Modified-Since, If-Unmodified-Since,

If-Match, If-None-Match If-Range, .
602 15. - REST

(
, ),
. If-* GET PUT.
-
, . - ? ,
,
, . ; . ,
HTTP-? :
POST ( XML, JSON
) URI http://www.apress.com/book/. URI : http://www.apress.com/book/123456;
GET (
, , , )
http://www.apress.com/book/123456;
PUT http://www.ap
ress.com/book/123456;
DELETE http://www.apress.com/
book/123456.
HTTP-, CRUD.
WADL
SOAP- WADL, -. (WADL)
- REST. ,
. WADL W3C, , . 15.2 .
15.2. WADL, ,
<application xmlns="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02">
<doc xmlns:jersey="http://jersey.java.net/" jersey:generatedBy="Jersey:
2.0"/>
<resources base="http://www.apress.com/">
<resource path="{id}">
<param name="id" style="template" type="xs:long"/>
603
-
<method name="GET">
<response>
<representation element="book" mediaType="application/xml"/>
<representation element="book" mediaType="application/json"/>
</response>
</method>
<method name="DELETE"/>
</resource>
<resource path="book">
<method name="GET">
<response>
</response>
</method>
</resource>
</resources>
</application>
15.2 (http://www.apress.com/),
({id}) (GET) (DELETE)
. (GET) APress
JSON XML.
-

SOAP WS-*, W3C, REST
, . REST :
HTTP;
URI, URL;
XML, JSON, HTML, GIF, JPEG .. ( ).
Java JAX-RS (API Java
- ), REST
: ,
.
REST
REST ,
, 5 (
: http://www.ics.uci.edu/~fielding/pubs/dissertation/top.htm).
,
604 15. - REST

. ,
, ,
.
, , ,
.
, REST
. HTTP, , HTTP , .
API Java -
- REST Java , HTTP. HTTP-

XML HTTP. ,
. - JAX-RS. , ,
HTTP- .
JAX-RS ( JSR 311)
2008. API,
REST.
REST. Java EE7 JAX-RS 2.0. API.
JAX-RS2.0
JAX-RS2.0 ( JSR339)
, Java EE7 . JAX-RS2.0 :
API, JAX-RS1.x,

API. JAX-RS2.0 API
;
JAX-RS2.0 ,
SOAP . , ;
,
;
,
- .
605
-
.15.4 ,
JAX-RS.
15.4. JAX-RS
javax.ws.rs
,
-
javax.ws.rs.client
API JAX-RS
javax.ws.rs.container
- API JAX-RS
javax.ws.rs.core
, -
javax.ws.rs.ext
API, ,
JAX-RS API

JAX-RS Jersey. ,
: CDDL GPL. Jersey API Jersey.
JAX-RS, CXF (Apache), RESTEasy
(JBoss) Restlet ( , ,
JAX-RS).
-

(
HTTP), , - REST.
:
HTTP-, HTTP- . JAX-RS
API, - . - REST
POJO, , javax.ws.rs.Path.
15.3 .
15.3. - REST
@Path("/book")
@GET
@Produces("text/plain")
public String getBookTitle() {
return "H2G2";
}
}
606 15. - REST

BookRestService Java, @Path. ,
URI /book. getBookTitle() HTTP- GET ( @GET).
(MIME- text/plain; MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN).
HTTP-, ,
URL http://www.myserver.com/book.
JAX-RS HTTP-
HTTP
URI. , API , JAXB
XML- . JAX-RS
.
GlassFish .
15.3 , REST- ,
- . ,
POJO REST-, @Path. JAX-RS
,
.
REST-:
@javax.ws.rs.Path (JAX-RS2.0
XML- , );
(),
, ;
( @Path) .
;
finalize();
EJB REST- @javax.ejb.Stateless @javax.ejb.Singleton (.7);
, ,
.
CRUD -
REST
15.3 , REST-, .
, .
607
-
REST- , . , @Stateless. ( JPA), 15.4.
15.4. REST- Book, ,

@Path("book")
@Stateless
@Context
@GET
public Books getBooks() {
return books;
}
@POST
em.persist(book);
URI bookUri =
uriInfo.getAbsolutePathBuilder().path(book.getId().toString()).build();
}
@DELETE
@Path("{id}")
public Response deleteBook(@PathParam("id") Long bookId) {
em.remove(em.find(Book.class, bookId));
return Response.noContent().build();
}
}
15.4 REST-, XML- . getBooks()

XML- (
). GET .
createBook() XML-
. HTTP- POST
(Response) URI (bookUri) , created. deleteBook

.
608 15. - REST

15.4 JAX-RS
. , .
URI URI
@Path URI
. , . 15.5
REST-, http://www.myserver.com/items.
/items .
15.5. Item
@Path("/items")
public class ItemRestService {
@GET
public Items getItems() {
// ...
}
}
. ,
15.6 ( , @GET, @POST @DELETE,
HTTP-).
15.6. ItemRestService
@Path("/items")
public class ItemRestService {
@GET
public Items getItems() {
// URI : /items
}
@GET
@Path("/cds")
public CDs getCDs() {
// URI : /items/cds
}
@GET
@Path("/books")
public Books getBooks() {
// URI: /items/books
}
@POST
@Path("/book")
609
-
}
// URI: /items/book
15.6 - ,
( ) CD-Bookstore.
/items @Path (getItems()).
, @Path , . , CD : /items/cds. /items/books
getBooks(). ,
/items/book.
@Path("/items") ,
,
. HTTP- (GET,
PUT ..). .

REST URI,
. . - REST ,
. 15.4 ,
@javax.ws.rs.PathParam. JAX-RS
, (@PathParam, @QueryParam, @MatrixParam, @CookieParam, @HeaderParam
@FormParam).
15.7 , @PathParam
URI. , , ,
. searchCustomers
, getCustomerByLogin ([a-zA-Z]*), getCustomerById (\\d+).
15.7.
@Path("/customer")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public class CustomerRestService {
@Path("search/{text}")
public Customers searchCustomers(@PathParam("text") String textToSearch) {
// URI : /customer/search/smith
}
@GET
@Path("{login: [a-zA-Z]*}")
610 15. - REST

public Customer getCustomerByLogin(@PathParam("login") String login) {
// URI : /customer/foobarsmith
}
@GET
@Path("{customerId : \\d+}")
public Customer getCustomerById(@PathParam("customerId") Long id) {
// URI : /customer/12345
}
}
@QueryParam ,
URI. /, & . : http://www.myserver.com/custo
mer?zip=75012&city=Paris. @MatrixParam @QueryParam,
URI (
;). 15.8 , URI .
15.8.
@Path("/customer")
@GET
public Customers getCustomersByZipCode(@QueryParam("zip") Long zip,
@QueryParam("city") String city) {
// URI : /customer?zip=75012&city=Paris
}
@GET
@Path("search")
public Customers getCustomersByName(@MatrixParam("firstname") String
firstname, @MatrixParam("surname") String surname) {
// URI : /customer/search;firstname=Antonio;surname=Goncalves
}
}
HTTP,
URI. cookie HTTP-.
@CookieParam cookie, @HeaderParam . 15.9 ID cookie HTTP-.
15.9. cookie HTTP-
@Path("/customer")
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
@GET
public String extractSessionID(@CookieParam("sessionID") String sessionID) {
611
-
// ...
}
@GET
public String extractUserAgent(@HeaderParam("User-Agent") String userAgent) {
// ...
}
}
@FormParam , , .
@FormParam .
, @DefaultValue , . ,
. 15.10 , . , getCustomersByAge age, 50.
15.10. ,
@Path("/customer")
@GET
public Customers getCustomersByAge(@DefaultValue("50") @QueryParam("age")
int age) {
// ...
}
@GET
public Customers getCustomersByCity(@DefaultValue("Paris")
@MatrixParam("city") String city) {
// ...
}
}

REST . , -, PDF- , . JAX-RS
Java, , String, InputStream JAXB. @javax.ws.rs.Consumes @javax.ws.rs.Produces , .
,
. JAX-RS javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType,
MIME-. , .15.5.
612 15. - REST

15.5. MIME-, MediaType
MIME-
APPLICATION_ATOM_XML
"application/atom+xml"
APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
APPLICATION_JSON
"application/json"
APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM
"application/octet-stream"
APPLICATION_SVG_XML
"application/svg+xml"
APPLICATION_XHTML_XML
"application/xhtml+xml"
APPLICATION_XML
"application/xml"
MULTIPART_FORM_DATA
"multipart/form-data"
TEXT_HTML
"text/html"
TEXT_PLAIN
"text/plain"
TEXT_XML
"text/xml"
WILDCARD
"*/*"
@Consumes @Produces, , .
(*/*). CustomerRestService
, (15.11). : getAsJsonAndXML
(XML JSON).
15.11. Customer
@Path("/customer")
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
@GET
public Response getAsPlainText() {
// ...
}
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_HTML)
public Response getAsHtml() {
// ...
}
@GET
@Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON, MediaType.APPLICATION_XML})
public Response getAsJsonAndXML() {
// ...
}
@PUT
@Consumes(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
613
-
public void putName(String customer) {
// ...
}
}
- REST ,

, Accept HTTP-. ,
Accept :
Accept: text/plain
URI /customer, getAsPlainText().

HTTP-:
Accept: text/plain; q=0.8, text/html
, text/plain text/html,
.
( ), 0,8 ( text/html,
text/plain, 80%-
). URI /customer
getAsHtml().

, ( , , HTTP-), .
- REST? Java,
Java, JAXB
, , HTTP. MIME-
(Entity
Provider, . ) . , HTTP
(, 204 ,
void null; 200 , ).
:
, , HTTP , , / cookie .
Reponse. ja
vax.ws.rs.core.Response, . 15.12 .
15.12. Customer, , JAXB
@Path("/customer")
@GET
public String getAsPlainText() {
return new Customer("", "", "jsmith@gmail.com",
614 15. - REST

"1234565").toString();
}
@GET
@Path("maxbonus")
public Long getMaximumBonusAllowed() {
return 1234L;
}
@GET
public Customer getAsXML() {
return new Customer("", "", "jsmith@gmail.com", "1234565");
}
@GET
public Response getAsJson() {
return Response.ok(new Customer("", "", "jsmith@gmail.com",
"1234565"), MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).build();
}
}
getAsPlainText ,
getMaximumBonusAllowed . , ,
200 , . getAsXML Customer JAXB POJO. ,
XML-.
getAsJson HTML-, javax.ws.rs.core.Response.
Response HTML-, ,
ResponseBuilder, . - JAXB- (Customer)
200 ( ok()), JSON MIME-.
ResponseBuilder.build() Response.
Response ,
HTML- (
). .15.6 Response API.
15.6. Response API
accepted()
ResponseBuilder 202
created()
ResponseBuilder
( URI)
noContent()
ResponseBuilder
notModified()
ResponseBuilder 304
615
-
ok()
ResponseBuilder 200
serverError()
ResponseBuilder 500
status()
ResponseBuilder
temporaryRedirect() ResponseBuilder
getCookies()
cookie
getHeaders()
getLinks()
getStatus()
readEntity()
Java.
MessageBodyReader,
Response ResponseBuilder . , ,
. .
, API:
Response.ok().build();
Response.ok().cookie(new NewCookie("SessionID", "5G79GDIFY09")).build();
Response.ok("Plain Text").expires(new Date()).build();
Response.ok(new Customer ("", ""), MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).
build();
Response.noContent().build();
Response.accepted(new Customer("", "", "jsmith@gmail.com",
"1234565")).build();
Response.notModified().header("", "Mozilla").build();
HTTP-
, , HTTP , (GET, POST, PUT ..) JAX-RS
HTTP- @GET, @POST, @PUT, @DELETE, @HEAD @OPTIONS.
. 15.13 - REST, CRUD: @GET , @POST
, @PUT @DELETE
.
15.13. Customer, CRUD-
@Path("/customer")
616 15. - REST

@GET
public Response getCustomers() {
// ..
return Response.ok(customers).build();
}
@GET
@Path("{customerId}")
public Response getCustomer(@PathParam("customerId") String customerId) {
// ..
return Response.ok(customer).build();
}
@POST
public Response createCustomer(Customer customer) {
// ..
return Response.created(createdCustomerURI).build();
}
@PUT
public Response updateCustomer(Customer customer) {
// ..
return Response.ok(customer).build();
}
@DELETE
public Response deleteCustomer(@PathParam("customerId") String customerId) {
// ..
}
}
HTTP , HTTP
. , JAX-RS .
GET ( ) , URI. GET 200 .
PUT , . ,
: 200 204 .
.
POST , URI
. 201 URI
204 , ,
URI.
DELETE , , URI.
617
-
200 ( ), 202 (
) 204 , ,
.
URI. REST-.
, REST
URI. JAX-RS javax.ws.rs.core.UriBuilder,
java.net.URI URI. UriBuilder
, URI
URI. 15.14 UriBuilder URI ,
, .
15.14. UriBuilder
public class URIBuilderTest {

@Test
public void shouldBuildURIs() {
URI uri =
UriBuilder.fromUri("http://www.myserver.com").path("book").path("1234").
build();
assertEquals("http://www.myserver.com/book/1234", uri.toString());
uri = UriBuilder.fromUri("http://www.myserver.com").path("book ")
.queryParam("author", "Goncalves").build();
assertEquals("http://www.myserver.com/book?author=Goncalves",
uri.toString());
uri = UriBuilder.fromUri("http://www.myserver.com").path("book")
.matrixParam("author", "Goncalves").build();
assertEquals("http://www.myserver.com/book;author=Goncalves", uri.toString());
uri = UriBuilder.fromUri("http://www.myserver.com").path("{path} ")
.queryParam("author", "{value}").build("book", "Goncalves");
assertEquals("http://www.myserver.com/book?author=Goncalves",
uri.toString());
uri = UriBuilder.fromResource(BookRestService.class).path("1234").build();
assertEquals("/book/1234", uri.toString());
uri = UriBuilder.fromUri("http://www.myserver.com").fragment("book").build ();
assertEquals("http://www.myserver.com/#book", uri.toString());
}
}

, . @javax.ws.rs.core.
Context
: HttpHeaders , UriInfo , Request , SecurityContext Providers . ,
618 15. - REST

15.15 , UriInfo ,
URI, HttpHeaders .
15.15. Customer, HttpHeaders UriInfo
@Path("/customer")
@Context
UriInfo uriInfo;
@Inject
@GET
@Path("media")
public String getDefaultMediaType(@Context HttpHeaders headers) {
List<MediaType> mediaTypes = headers.getAcceptableMediaTypes();
return mediaTypes.get(0).toString();
}
@GET
@Path("language")
public String getDefaultLanguage(@Context HttpHeaders headers) {
List<String> mediaTypes =
headers.getRequestHeader(HttpHeaders.ACCEPT_LANGUAGE);
return mediaTypes.get(0);
}
@POST
public Response createCustomer(Customer cust) {
Customer customer = customerEJB.persist(cust);
URI bookUri =
uriInfo.getAbsolutePathBuilder().path(customer.getId()).build();
}
}
HTTP,
, (Date, Server,
Content-Type ..). HTTP- , - REST .
HTTP-.
javax.ws.rs.core.HttpHeaders. HttpHeaders
@Context,
HttpHeaders
. 15.15
Accept-Language MediaType.
619
-

JAX-RS2.0 @Context . , @Inject ,
CDI . ,
JAX-RS CDI
: @Inject.

, JAX-RS
Java . , Java.
JAXB, XML- .
XML JSON , .
. JAX-RS / , . : MessageBodyReader MessageBodyWriter.
, Customer custom/format,
1234/John/Smith. ,
/, ,
, . (
), Customer . 15.16 CustomCustomerWriter ,
javax.ws.rs.ext.MessageBodyWriter
@Provider. @Produces
("custom/format"). , writeTo Customer
, .
15.16. , Customer
@Provider
@Produces("custom/format")
public class CustomCustomerWriter implements MessageBodyWriter<Customer> {
@Override
public boolean isWriteable(Class<?> type, Type genericType,
Annotation[] annotations, MediaType mediaType) {
return Customer.class.isAssignableFrom(type);
}
@Override
public void writeTo(Customer customer, Class<?> type, Type gType,
Annotation[] annotations, MediaType mediaType,
MultivaluedMap<String, Object> httpHeaders,
OutputStream outputStream) throws IOException, WebApplicationException {
outputStream.write(customer.getId().getBytes());
outputStream.write('/');
620 15. - REST

outputStream.write(customer.getFirstName().getBytes());
outputStream.write('/');
outputStream.write(customer.getLastName().getBytes());
}
@Override
public long getSize(Customer customer, Class<?> type, Type genericType,
return customer.getId().length() + 1 + customer.getFirstName().length()
+ 1 + customer.getLastName().length();
}
}
, Java javax.ws.rs.ext.MessageBodyReader @Provider. ,

(*/*). @Consumes 15.17 . readFrom
, /
Customer. MessageBodyReader MessageBodyWriter WebApplicationException, .
15.17. ,
Customer
@Provider
@Consumes("custom/format")
public class CustomCustomerReader implements MessageBodyReader<Customer> {
@Override
public boolean isReadable(Class<?> type, Type genericType,
return Customer.class.isAssignableFrom(type);
}
@Override
public Customer readFrom(Class<Customer> type, Type gType,
Annotation[] annotations, MediaType mediaType,
MultivaluedMap<String, String> httpHeaders, InputStream inputStream)
throws IOException, WebApplicationException {
String str = convertStreamToString(inputStream);
StringTokenizer s= new StringTokenizer(str, "/");
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setId(s.nextToken());
customer.setFirstName(s.nextToken());
customer.setLastName(s.nextToken());
return customer;
}
}
621
-
CustomCustomerWriter CustomCustomerReader, , . . - REST
, JAX-RS
:
@GET
@Produces("custom/format")
public Customer getCustomCustomer () {
return new Customer("1234", "", "");
}
, JAX-RS
(.15.7).
.
15.7. , JAX-RS
byte[]
(*/*)
java.lang.String
(*/*)
java.io.InputStream
(*/*)
java.io.Reader
(*/*)
java.io.File
(*/*)
javax.activation.DataSource
(*/*)
javax.xml.transform.Source
XML- (text/xml, application/xml)
javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement
XML,
JAXB (text/xml, application/xml)
MultivaluedMap<String,String>
(application/x-wwwform-urlencoded)
javax.ws.rs.core StreamingOutput
(*/*),
MessageBodyWriter

,
. ,
,
- , - .
. , . , ,
(ServletException, WebServiceException WebApplicationException).
javax.ws.rs.WebApplicationException
(BadRequestException, ForbiddenException, NotAcceptableException, NotAllowedException,
622 15. - REST

NotAuthorizedException , NotFoundException , NotSupportedException ).
JAX-RS HTTP-.
500 .
javax.ws.rs.WebApplicationException , ( jav ax.ws.rs.cor e.Resp onse.Status ) . 15.18
getCustomer (IllegalArgumentException ),
1000, 404 ,
, ,
. NotFoundException.
15.18. ,
@Path("/customer")
@Inject
public Customer getCustomer(@PathParam("customerId") Long customerId) {
if (customerId < 1000)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Id must be greater than 1000!");
Customer customer = customerEJB.find(customerId);
if (customer == null)
throw new WebApplicationException(Response.Status.NOT_FOUND);
return customer;
}
}
1, .
Response. , JAX-RS . ExceptionMapper<Eextends
java.lang.Throwable>, @Provider. 15.19 javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException
404 .
15.19. JPA, 404
@Provider
public class EntityNotFoundMapper implements ExceptionMapper<EntityNotFound
Exception> {
public Response toResponse(javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException ex) {
return Response.status(404).entity(ex.getMessage()).type(MediaType.TEXT_
PLAIN).build();
}
}
1
DRY, , Don'tRe
peat Yourself . . .
623
-

REST-,
, . , ;
, ,
.
Java EE ( EJB) JAX-RS JSR250 : @PostConstruct,
@PreDestroy, @RunAs, @RolesAllowed, @PermitAll, @DenyAll @DeclareRoles.
@PostConstruct @PreDestroy - .
.15.3 ,
Java EE.
. 15.3.
- REST WAR- EJB

JAR- , -
Java EE7. , -
REST @Stateless @Singleton . SOAP , REST
. ,
@Path ( ). :
JAX-RS2.0 .
624 15. - REST
- REST
, - ,
,
CRUD, .. ?
.15.1, HTTP- URI. , ,
REST.
. ,
URI . , HTTP- GET POST.
, . PUT DELETE
( Postman Chrome). , , cUrl.
HTTP- , ,
- REST.
JAX-RS2.0 Java - REST.
API java.net.HttpURLConnection, API
(, Jersey, Resteasy Restlet). JAX-RS
, API .
API
JAX-RS 2.0 API, HTTP- REST- (
HTTP). API ( ),
(
javax.ws.rs.client .15.8, API Response
.15.6). : Client, WebTarget Response. Client ( ClientBuilder) WebTarget. WebTarget
URI,
Response. HTTP-,
cookie. , .
Entity.
15.8. javax.ws.rs.client
Client
API,

ClientBuilder
API,
Client
625
- REST
/
Configurable
Entity
Invocation
Invocation.Builder
WebTarget
Client, WebTarget Invocation

,

,

, URI
, ,
API. -
REST.

API Client. HTTP- . , WebTargets,

. Client
ClientBuilder:
Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
Client
.
Client , . ,
CustomCustomerReader (.15.17)
:
client.configuration().register(CustomCustomerReader.class).
setProperty("MyProperty", 1234);

Client, URI -
REST HTTP-.
WebTarget Invocation. Client.target()
-, URI. WebTarget. WebTarget
URI:
WebTarget target = client.target("http://www.myserver.com/book");
WebTarget java.net.URI, javax.ws.rs.core.UriBuilder

javax.ws.rs.core.Link:
URI uri = new URI("http://www.myserver.com/book");
WebTarget target = client.target(uri);
URI, .
HTTP-. WebTarget Invocation.Builder.
HTTP- GET URI, :
Invocation invocation = target.request().buildGet()
626 15. - REST

Invocation.Builder GET, POST, PUT DELETE.
, MIME-
, . PUT POST Entity,
- REST:
target.request().buildDelete();
target.queryParam("author", "Eloise").request().buildGet();
target.path(bookId).request().buildGet();
target.request(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML).buildGet();
target.request(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML).acceptLanguage("pt").buildGet();
target.request().buildPost(Entity.entity(new Book()));
Invocation. invoke()
- REST
Response, () . Response :
Response response = invocation.invoke();
, , GET REST-, http://www.my

server.com/book. text/plain:
WebTarget target = client.target("http://www.myserver.com/book");
Invocation invocation = target.request(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN).buildGet();
Response response = invocation.invoke();
API
:
Response response =
ClientBuilder.newClient().target("http://www.myserver.com/book")
.request(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN).get();
, Response .

Response HTTP, - REST. API
HTTP, , cookie , , ( , ). , ,

HTTP , , , HTTP-:
assertTrue(response.getStatusInfo() == Response.Status.OK);
assertTrue(response.getLength() == 4);
assertTrue(response.getDate() != null);
assertTrue(response.getHeaderString("Content-type").equals("text/plain"));
627
- REST
Response , - REST. readEntity
, Java.
MessageBodyReader,
. , ,
(String), JAX-RS :
String body = response.readEntity(String.class);
readEntity() POJO,
JAX-RS MessageBodyReader, . , Book JAXB, XML, JAX-RS
JAXB XML POJO Book:
Book book = response.readEntity(Book.class);
, REST :
Response response =
.request().get();
String body = response.readEntity(String.class);
GET ,
( Response ):
String body =
.request().get(String.class);
REST
JAX-WS, Java SE
- SOAP JDK, JAX-RS
API. .
SOAP . - REST Java,
JVM ( , , ),
Java EE, (, EJB, ).
, - REST . , , (, ),
- (, JavaScript).
628 15. - REST

, , -
REST , GlassFish.
, cURL
( API). JAXB- Books,
JPA- Book, .
BookRestService CRUD- . - ,

( ). , , , HTTP-
cURL API JAX-RS. JAXB Jersey
XML JSON.
, Maven.
WAR (chapter15-service-1.0.war). , .15.4, :
src/main/java Books, Book BookRestService,
,
( ApplicationConfig );
src/main/resources persistence.xml, ,
Book Derby;
src/test/java BookRestServiceIT;
.
. 15.4.
Book
Book,
: JAXB @XmlRootElement
629

(15.20). XML-
.
15.20. Book JAXB
@Entity
@XmlRootElement
@NamedQuery(name = Book.FIND_ALL, query = "SELECT bFROM Book b")
public class Book {
public static final String FIND_ALL = "Book.findAll";
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private String id;
// , ,
}
persistence.xml (
).
JAXB- Books
, - REST,
. List<Book>, JAXB-. XML- ,
POJO, JAXB. 15.21,
Books ArrayList<Book> @XmlRootElement.
15.21. JAXB- Books, Book
@XmlRootElement
@XmlSeeAlso(Book.class)
public class Books extends ArrayList<Book> {
public Books() {
super();
}
public Books(Collection<? extends Book> c) {
super(c);
}
@XmlElement(name = "book")
630 15. - REST

public List<Book> getBooks() {
return this;
}
public void setBooks(List<Book> books) {
this.addAll(books);
}
}
BookRestService
BookRestService - REST,
. ,
, .
.
BookRestService (15.22) , . JAX-RS ,

URI. @Path("/book") (URL,
).
: http://localhost:8080/book.
15.22. BookRestService
@Path("/book")
@Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
@Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
@Stateless
@Context
// ...
@Produces @Consumes
, :
XML JSON. , @Stateless, 7. , -
REST EJB .
, UriInfo.

REST, HTTP- POST
XML JSON ( ,
@Consumes). XML JSON,
createBook(). 15.23,
Book ; , Book
631

JAXB XML Book
. book , BadRequestException ( 400 ).
15.23. createBook BookRestService
// ...
@POST
if (book == null)
throw new BadRequestException();
em.persist(book);
URI bookUri = uriInfo.getAbsolutePathBuilder().path(book.getId()).build();
}
// ...
Response, URI
. 200 (Response.ok()), , . REST 201 ( 204), ,
(Response.created()). URI, (bookUri).
, 15.23, XML JSON. JSON .
cURL POST JSON. JSON/XML, Jersey ( , XML,
, Book JAXB):
$ curl -XPOST --data-binary "{\"description\":\"-
\",
\"illustrations\":false,\"isbn\":\"1-84023-742-2\",\"nbOfPage\":354,
\"price\":12.5,\"title\":\" \"}"
-H"Content-Type: application/json"
http://localhost:8080/chapter15-service-1.0/rs/book -v
cURL ( -v) HTTP-

(. ). URI ,
601:
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
<
<
POST /chapter15-service-1.0/rs/book HTTP/1.1

User-Agent: curl/7.23.1 (x86_64-apple-darwin11.2.0) libcurl/7.23.1
Host: localhost:8080
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 165
HTTP/1.1201 Created
Server: GlassFish Server Open Source Edition 4.0
632 15. - REST

< Location: http://localhost:8080/chapter15-service-1.0/rs/book/601
< Date: Thu, 29 Nov 201221:49:44 GMT
< Content-Length: 0
ID
, URL
/book/{id }. id
. 15.24 ,
NotFoundException (404). MIME- getBook() XML JSON.
15.24. getBook BookRestService
// ...
@GET
@Path("{id}")
public Response getBook(@PathParam("id") String id) {
Book book = em.find(Book.class, id);
if (book == null)
throw new NotFoundException();
return Response.ok(book).build();
}
// ...
@Path . {id} URL-

. cURL 601 JSON-:
$ curl -XGET -H"Accept: application/json"
http://localhost:8080/chapter15-service-1.0/rs/book/601
{"description":"- ","id":"1",
"illustrations":false,"isbn":"1-84023-742-2","nbOfPage":354,
"price":12.5,"title":"H2G2"}
Accept, XML 601:

$ curl -XGET -H"Accept: application/xml"
http://localhost:8080/chapter15-service-1.0/rs/book/601
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"
standalone="yes"?><book><description>-
</description><id>601</id><illustrations>false</illustrations>
<isbn>1-84023-742-2</isbn><nbOfPage>354</nbOfPage><price>12.5</price>
<title>H2G2</title></book>

15.25
TypedQuery, Books. ,
633

ArrayList<Book> XML-
JAXB. 200 ,
.
15.25. getBooks BookRestService
// ...
@GET
public Response getBooks() {
return Response.ok(books).build();
}
// ...
, cUrl, ,
XML, JSON:
http://localhost:8080/chapter15-service-1.0/rs/book
$ curl -XGET -H"Accept: application/xml"

deleteBook() 15.26 getBook(),
ID .
getBook() , HTTP-
DELETE ( GET). ,
NotFoundException, 204 .
15.26. deleteBook BookRestService
// ...
@DELETE
@Path("{id}")
public Response deleteBook(@PathParam("id") String id) {
Book book = em.find(Book.class, id);
if (book == null)
throw new NotFoundException();
em.remove(book);
}
// ...
cURL ( -v), DELETE. 204 . , :

$ curl -XDELETE http://localhost:8080/chapter15-service-1.0/rs/book/601 -v>
DELETE /chapter15-service-1.0/rs/book/601 HTTP/1.1
634 15. - REST

>
>
>
>
<
<
User-Agent: curl/7.23.1 (x86_64-apple-darwin11.2.0) libcurl/7.23.1

Host: localhost:8080
Accept: */*
HTTP/1.1204 NoContent
Server: GlassFish Server Open Source Edition 4.0
JAX-RS
BookRestService Book Jersey url; HTTP-,
. , , /rs, Jersey. url Jersey web.xml, @ApplicationPath ( 15.27).
ApplicationConfig javax.ws.rs.core.Application
- REST ( c.add(BookRestService.class)),
(c.add(MOXyJsonProvider.class)).
15.27. ApplicationConfig, URL- /rs
@ApplicationPath("rs")
public class ApplicationConfig extends Application {
private final Set<Class<?>> classes;
public ApplicationConfig() {
HashSet<Class<?>> c= new HashSet<>();
c.add(BookRestService.class);
c.add(MOXyJsonProvider.class);
classes = Collections.unmodifiableSet(c);
}
@Override
public Set<Class<?>> getClasses() {
return classes;
}
}
- (
), @ApplicationPath URL- /rs/*. , , URL
/rs/, Jersey . ,
, cURL, URL /rs:

12 , XML JSON.
: (JAXP JSON-P)
(JAXB). JAX-RS
XML MessageBodyReader MessageBodyWriter,
635

JAXB. , JSON (,
JSON-B).
JSON. ApplicationConfig Jersey (MOXyJsonProvider). JSON-
MessageBodyReader MessageBodyWriter.
JAX-RS.
Maven
WAR-
(<packaging>war</packaging>). pom.xml, 15.28,
, (
glassfish-embedded-all). , JAXB Java SE, . , pom.xml
Failsafe, ( BookRestServiceIT,
).
15.28. pom.xml , -


<parent>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
</dependency>
<dependency>
636 15. - REST

<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>verify</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

, pom.xml, Maven:
$ mvn package
, chapter15-service-1.0.war . : Book.class, Books.class, ApplicationConfig.class

BookRestService.class WEB-INF\classes. WAR persistence.xml.
637

GlassFish
, , GlassFish Derby,
WAR-,
asadmin . , target,
chapter15-service-1.0.war, :
$ asadmin deploy chapter15-service-1.0.war
,
:
chapter15-service-1.0 <ejb, web>
, ,
cURL , POST, ( )
GET. DELETE .
WADL
WADL ( -)
, REST. ,
REST- BookRestService, URL: http://local
host/8080/chapter15-service-1.0/rs/application.wadl. 15.29 WADL-.
15.29. WADL, GlassFish
- BookRestService REST
<application xmlns="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02">
<resources base="http://localhost:8080/chapter15-service-1.0/rs/">
<resource path="/book">
<method id="POST" name="POST">
<request>
</request>
</method>
<resource path="{id}">
<param name="id" style="template" type="xs:string"/>
<method id="GET{id}" name="GET">
<response>
<representation mediaType="application/xml"/>
<representation mediaType="application/json"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="DELETE{id}" name="DELETE"/>
</resource>
</resource>
...
638 15. - REST

</resources>
</application>
WADL 15.29 (http://localhost:8080/

chapter15-service-1.0/rs/) , REST- (/book {id}).
, HTTP-, ( POST,
GET, DELETE...).

BookRestServiceIT
, GlassFish, , HTTP- -
REST. API JAX-RS 2.0 Client.
, . . ,
GlassFish Derby , 15.30
.
. shouldNotCreateANullBook , Book. ,
400 . shouldNotFindTheBookID ID ,
404 .
shouldCreateAndDeleteABook ,
. -, XML Book ,
201 . bookURI URI
. URI .
, Book (book = response.
readEntity(Book.class)) ,
. DELETE, , 204 .
GET, , , 404 .
15.30. ApplicationConfig, URL- /rs
public class BookRestServiceIT {

private static URI uri = UriBuilder.
fromUri("http://localhost/chapter15-service-1.0/rs/book").port(8080).build ();
private static Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
@Test
public void shouldNotCreateANullBook() throws JAXBException {
// POST
Response response = client.target(uri).request().post(Entity.entity(null,
MediaType.APPLICATION_XML));
639
assertEquals(Response.Status.BAD_REQUEST, response.getStatusInfo());
}
@Test
public void shouldNotFindTheBookID() throws JAXBException {
// ID GET
Response response = client.target(uri).path("unknownID").request(). get ();
assertEquals(Response.Status.NOT_FOUND, response.getStatusInfo());
}
@Test
public void shouldCreateAndDeleteABook() throws JAXBException {
Book book = new Book("H2G2", 12.5F, "Science book", "1-84023-742-2", 354,
false);
// POST
Response response = client.target(uri).request().post(Entity.entity(book,
MediaType.APPLICATION_XML));
assertEquals(Response.Status.CREATED, response.getStatusInfo());
URI bookURI = response.getLocation();
// , GET
response = client.target(bookURI).request().get();
book = response.readEntity(Book.class);
assertEquals(Response.Status.OK, response.getStatusInfo());
assertEquals("H2G2", book.getTitle());
// id DELETE
String bookId = bookURI.toString().split("/")[6];
response = client.target(uri).path(bookId).request().delete();
assertEquals(Response.Status.NO_CONTENT, response.getStatusInfo());
// GET Book ,
response = client.target(bookURI).request().get();
assertEquals(Response.Status.NOT_FOUND, response.getStatusInfo());
}
}
, GlassFish Derby , Maven Failsafe.

Maven:
$ mvn failsafe:integration-test
- SOAP.
-, JAX-RS JAX-WS.
REST HTTP,
640 15. - REST

, , , , . ,
HTTP- (GET, POST, PUT .) , .
HTTP,
. HTTP ,
, cookie . HTTP-
- REST
URI . ,
( ETag). REST- HTTP, .
API JAX-RS2.0
- REST.
JAX-RS API Java, Java EE7 - .
, ,
HTTP- (@GET, @POST
..). - REST
, ,
HTTP.
,
.

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