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and Problems
Published on Wednesday, October 23, 2013
Today I'm going to discuss a very important topic for ibps or other bank exams
i.e. permutation and combination. This is primarily because various questions
from this section tests candidate's analytical skill. This topic just involves basic
calculations.
Permutation implies arrangement where order of things is important and
includes word formation, number formation, circular permutation
etc. Combination means selection where order is not important and it involves
selection of team, forming geometrical figures, distribution of things etc.
Factorial = Factorial are defined for natural numbers, not for negative
numbers.
n! = n.(n-1).(n-2).........3.2.1
For example: 1) 4! = 4.3.2.1 = 24
2) 6!/ 4! = (6.5.4!)/ 4! = 6.5 = 30
3) 0! = 1
PERMUTATION
COMBINATION
Implies Arrangement
Implies Selection
nPn = n!
nCn = 1
nP0 = 1
nC0 = 1
30
Problem 4: How many ways are there in selecting 5 members from 6 males
and 5 females, consisting 3 males and 2 females?
Solution: This is a case of combination i.e.selecting 3 males from 6 males and
2 females from 5 females.
Required number of ways = (6C3 *5C2)
(6.5.4/3.2)*(5.4/2)
200.
Problem 5: How many words can be formed by using letters of the word
"DAUGHTER" so that the vowels come together?
Solution: This is a case of permutation. In a word "DAUGHTER", there are 8
letters including 3 vowels (AUE)
According to the question, vowels should always come together. Therefore, in
this case we will treat all the vowels as one entity or one alphabet. This implies,
in total there are 6 words (one word which is a group of vowels)
These 6 words can be arranged in 6P6 ways
6P6 = 6!/1! = 6! = 720 WAYS
Also, three vowels in a group may be arranged in 3! ways
3! = 6 ways
Therefore, required number of words = (720*6) = 4320.