Nursing Practices with Hemodialysis Patients

in Hemodialysis Unit at Hilla Teaching Hospitals

1.1. Introduction
Renal failure is a life-threatening condition in which
there is a buildup of waste and fluid in the body due to
severe deterioration of kidney function (1). Renal failure may
occur as cute or chronic. When acute renal failure continues
to progress, it becomes chronic renal failure, in this case the
patient

need

to

dialysis

and

kidney

transplantation (2).

Hemodialysis is the most common treatment modality used

for

end-stage

renal

disease(ESDR),

the

hemodialysis

treatment actually is able to remove many of the toxins but

not all toxins(3).

( (Assessment of Nurses' Knowledge and Practice

Related to Nursing Care of Children Undergoing
Hemodialysis at Assiut City)
(Quality of Life of the Hemodialysis Patient) )

References

1- Barsoum R, (2003): Nephrology in Egypt: A forecast of the

Upcoming
Century.
Available
at
http://www.health.egnet.net/health/esn/forecast.html.
2- Kyle T, (2008): Essentials of pediatric Nursing. chapter22,
Nursing care of the child with a genitourinary disorders,
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Pp 743-749.
3- Nissenson, A. R ., Fine, R. N ., & Gentile, D. E. (1995).
Clinical Dialvsis (3rd ed.). Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange.

Nursing Practices with Hemodialysis Patients

in Hemodialysis Unit at Hilla Teaching Hospitals
1.1. Introduction
Hemodialysis involves the use of a machine to perform
the blood purification functions normally performed by the
kidneys(4) . There are many complication of hemodialysis, so
that nurses should maintain a high level of nursing practiced,
critical thinking and skill of decision-making (5). The nurses
responsibilities for the hemodialysis patients are to maintain
the patency of the vascular access site and keep it free from
infection, to monitor the patient before, during, after
treatment(3).

(EFFECTIVENESS

OF

NURSING

EDUCATIONAL

PROGRAM ON NURSE'S KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE IN

HEMODIALYSIS UNITS(

STUDY

TO

STRUCTURED
KNOWLEDGE
HEMODIALYSIS

ASSESS

THE

TEACHING
OF
IN

STAFF

EFFECTIVENESS
PROGRAMME

NURSES

SELECTED

OF
ON

REGARDING

HOSPITALS

AT

TUMKUR. ) )

References
1- Biolink Company: Biolink and Hemodialysis, Biolink
Corporation, Maintained by ilumina and SRK Group
2002, PP. 1-4
2- Deborah G.: The Evolving Role of the Nephrology Nurse,
Nursing Time, Vol.95, No.12, March 24, 1999, P.60.
3- Branno met et al., Medical
Philadelphia. 1991; P1922.

surgical

nursing.

Nursing Practices with Hemodialysis Patients

in Hemodialysis Unit at Hilla Teaching Hospitals
1.1. Introduction
Chronic kidney disease is growing among all population
groups worldwide and the incidence of end-stage renal
disease (ESRD) continues to increase (1). The patient with
ESRD require hemodialysis treatment. These treatments
typically last four hours each and are performed three days a
week. The patient generally feels very weak afterward, and
sometimes even the following day. The dialysis machine is
filtering in four hours what the body would normally do in 48
hours(2).


.
( (THE EXPERIENCE OF THE OLDER ADULT WITH ENDSTAGE RENALDISEASE ON HEMODIALYSIS )
(Wisconsin Hmong Experiences with Hemodialysis) )

References
1- Lysaght, M.J. (2002). Maintenance dialysis population
dynamics: current trends and long-term implications.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 13, 3740.
2- Shanahan, M., & Brayshaw, D.L. (1995). Are nurses
aware of the differing health care needs of Vietnamese
patients? Journal of Advanced Nursing, 22, 456-464.

Nursing Practices with Hemodialysis Patients

in Hemodialysis Unit at Hilla Teaching Hospitals
1.1. Introduction
Dialysis is the process of removing waste products and
excess fluids from the body. In hemodialysis (HD), blood is
removed from the body and pumped by a machine outside
the body into a dialyzer (artificial kidney) (1). Patients
undergoing

hemodialysis

who

require

medications

are

monitored closely to ensure that blood and tissue levels of

these

medications

are

maintained

without

toxic

accumulation. Thrice-weekly hemodialysis , for four to five

hours, is the most common strategy (2)(3).
..
.
( (Assessment Of Hemodialysis Patients Compliance
To The Treatment And Follow Up In Baghdad Teaching
Hospitals)
(Urinary tract infection in Hemodialysis patients with
renal failure )

References
1- Mark H. Beers, et al. Kidney and urinary tract disorders. In: The
Merck

Manual

of

Medical

Information,

pp.833-834,

Merck

Research Laboratories, USA, 2003.

2- Couchoud C, Kooman J, Finne P, Leivestad T, Stojceva-Taneva O,
Ponikvar JB, Collart F, Kramar R, de Francisco A & Jager KJ (2009):
From registry data collection to international comparisons:
examples of haemodialysis duration and frequency. Nephrol Dial
Transplant 24, 217-224. 7.
3- Murphy F, Jenkins K, McCann M & Sedgewick J (2008): Patient
management in chronic kidney disease stages 4 to 5. J Ren Care
34, 191-198.

Nursing Practices with Hemodialysis Patients

in Hemodialysis Unit at Hilla Teaching Hospitals
1.1. Introduction
Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
experience high rates of morbidity and mortality (1).
Hemodialysis nursing is a specialized area of nursing
practice focusing on needs of patients with renal failure
and their families across the lifespan. This specialized care
requires the nurse to promote competent, safe, ethical
care, and demonstrate current specialty knowledge and
practice(2).
.
.
( (Awareness of Nurses Concerning the Procedure
of Hemodialysis and Related Complications)
(Assessment

of

Patients'

Satisfaction

toward

Nursing Care at Hemodialysis units) )

References
1- Williams, B. Patient satisfaction: A valid concept? Social
Sciences and Medicine,Vol. 38, 1994, Pp. 509-516
2- Marsha W.: Canadian Association of Nephrology Nurses
and Technologists, Nephrology Nursing Standards and
Practice Recommendations, Halifax , August, 2008;