THE DEVELOPING MANAGER

Task 1
A. Compare the different management style that organisations have or that you have
observed and discuss the leadership characteristics of senior managers

The classical management theory is represented by the move of human relations because
is addressing to human capability of work. The behavioural theory has the opinion that in
order to improve productivity, organisations must understand the employees behaviour at
work such as expectations, conflicts, and motivation and so on.
The transformational leader believes that employees are motivated by the objective that
they must perform. The company if has a good structure it can be more successfully and
people are giving what they are having best in order to perform in the company. For the
company to perform in long term it is necessary that employees collaborate between them so
that can minimize stress.
Positive aspects of Richard Branson transformational management theory:
Transformational leadership theories can be adaptive and support the fulfilment of
needs at people
Have great leader position and support of those who are being led
The leadership theories are bringing harmony introduce ethics, community and
cooperation in relation with the higher human values.
Transformational leadership theories can bring harmony to a situation that could
otherwise be exacerbated by a quarrelsome organization.
Long-range goals are established in order to increase the system survivability.
It has been showed in studies, such as in gaming theory, that cooperation, as opposed
to competition, is more successful in achieving goals.

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Negative aspects of Richard Branson transformational management theory:

There can difficulty accessed and in area where cooperation are more conformity.
People may want simply to "go along to get along".
Some people may work better single and not taking part in a team and collaborate
with others
The task and the competitive environment can compromise the leader ability to apply
the aspects of transformational leadership.
The autocratic leadership follow by Michael OLeary is being used in the company where is
necessary to control the employees activities and there are many rules to keep workers out of
problems.
There is an environment whereby employees are intrinsically motivated to follow rules in
order to be promoted and succeed results in the tightest control management can ever assume
over a company, there are less individuals in the process of decisions, so the time for taking
them will be shorter and autocratic leadership works well with a motivated team, with well
defined procedures and within a productive business framework.
Rigid organizations often use this style. It has been known to be very paternalistic, and
in highly-professional, independent minded teams, it can lead to resentment and strained
morale.
Advantages
Proponents of the autocratic leadership style advocate it as an ideal method to extract
high performance from employees without putting them under stress. They insist the
close supervision and monitoring leads to a faster pace of work with less slack, where
the leader assumes full responsibility for the decisions and actions, ultimately
creating reduced stress for subordinates.
Close Oversight-In an autocratic work environment, the leader typically keeps a close
watch on the activities of the workers. This eliminates the tendency for workers to
"slack off" that may occur with more lenient management styles.
There is an environment whereby employees are intrinsically motivated to follow
rules in order to be promoted and succeed results in the tightest control management
can ever assume over a company, there are less individuals in the process of
decisions, so the time for taking them will be shorter and autocratic leadership works

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well with a motivated team, with well defined procedures and within a productive
business framework.
Deal of control over organizational strategy decisions, standardization and bestpractices are often highlight, work is consistently completed efficiently and
effectively.
Disadvantages

without feedback communication may be leaded to misunderstanding and breakdown

In this age of sociological and technological complexity the autocratic leaders makes
just his own decision and that can be dangerous
Fails in developing the employees commitment or the companies objectives
Create problems with employees motivation and production on long times because of
their resentment
Discourage the creativity and innovation throughout the organization, employees
receive less satisfaction from their jobs and are less able to adapt to changing, they
create an impersonal places to work. Every job has in place an regulation and people
are behaving according to the company policy. In these organizations the power is in
hand of the manager, he takes the policy decisions, personnel decisions about the
company.
Repetitive jobs bore employees, breeding dissatisfaction. Meanwhile, as mere cogs,
employees are judged by the way that handle their task, not for what they can bring to
the company. Employee disappointment stems from the centralized power structure.
Because the leaders have all the authority, the employee may feel passive with the
accomplished of the companys objectives.

Transformational Leadership characteristics that impact organizational growth

Internal motivation and self-management: there find motivation from their own sources
and use it as driving forces to manage with success the company.
The ability to make difficult decisions: being a leader involves taking some difficult
decisions. Transformational leaders do not back away or put off tough decisions. Difficult
decisions are made easier when decisions align with clearly defined vision, values, goals,
and objectives.
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Willing to take the right risks: Transformational leaders take risks which are calculated,
they trust their instinct as well as their team in order to gather the intelligence necessarily.
Organizational consciousness: Transformational leaders are sharing the conscious of their
company. They understand which actions to take in order to evoke changes and are making
decisions to the growth of the organisations.
Adaptability: they are adapting and are always seeking new ways to constantly respond to
the changing market of the business environment.

Characteristics of Autocratic Leadership

Autocratic leaders assume that their workers motivation doesnt come through
empowerment but by making various rewards for who are wonting and punishments
for workers who doesnt perform.
Autocratic leadership finish the work they want to be done by evoking fear to
employees and applying punishments.
Autocratic leaders most important characteristic is to deal with the hard work and
not to develop activities.
Autocratic managers are assuming the organisation responsibility and take al the
credit for the employees work.

B.

Evaluate the communication process within organisations and analyse

organisational culture as well as the process of change that it takes place in
organisations

Effective workplace communication is vital to company success. If management cannot

communicate their wants with workers, and workers cannot communicate their needs back to
management as well as amongst each other, the workforce will not be a cohesive team. To

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communicate effectively, understanding the steps in this information exchange process is

vital.
Hilton Hotel communicates with people every day, but sometimes we do not adjust our
communication style to the audience or situation. This can lead to confusion, hurt feelings, or
misunderstandings. Learn how to adapt the way you communicate to different situations by
considering the many factors that influence the effectiveness of your communication.
Good communication skills require a high level of self-awareness. Understanding your
personal style of communicating will go a long way toward helping you to create good and
lasting impressions on others. This does not mean you have to be a chameleon, changing
with every personality you meet. (Doherty & Danylchuk, 1996, p. 295).
The culture in organizations is growing over the time, people are approving the present
culture and for them to take in consideration the changing culture it must occur an important
event which may rack their world such as an important losses in their customers and sales,
sing lots of money as well as bankruptcy will be getting their attention.
Importantly, the concept of organizational culture is distinct from the concept of
organizational climate. Climate refers to temporary attitudes, feelings, and perceptions of
individuals. Culture is an enduring, slow to change, core characteristic of organizations;
climate, because it is based on attitudes, can change quickly and dramatically. Culture refers
to implicit, often indiscernible aspects of organizations; climate refers to more overt,
observable attributes of organizations. (Schneider, 1990)
Culture includes core values and consensual interpretations about how things are; climate
includes individualistic perspectives that are modified frequently as situations change and
new information is encountered.
Even knowing all that the culture in organisation is changing to be recognised is a long
journey for organisations to take.
The approach to change is focusing on cultural rather then climate attributes. Regarding
Richard Branson it appears that the culture in its organization its represented by the role
culture which represent that experts are hired foe every activity of the management. Then
these experts rapport to Richard Branson what they found and what improvement they can
make and after they will indicate the changes needed.
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Regarding Michael OLearys model it appears that the culture used in his organization is
represented by power culture. This power culture appears where all the power systems from
the top of the hierarchy and then works down to the employees.
When the people in the company recognize and realise the organisation culture will be
needed to support the success and progress of the company because it may occur changes
which are not easily and not very pretty.

Task 2
A. Assess your own management skills and performance using the format provided by
tutor and analyze your own strengths, weakness, opportunity and treats

SWOT Analysis
Strengths
Strengths are peoples internal and positive attributes, which may be controlled by them.
Examples include:

Positive personal traits.

Relevant skills, competencies, knowledge and work experience.
A solid education.
A strong network.
Commitment, enthusiasm and passion for your field.

Weaknesses
Weaknesses are peoples internal and negative attributes, which as well as their strengths;
weakness can be also controlled by them. Examples include:

A poor working habitat and various characteristic which are personal

Lack of working experience is relevant one.
Education lack
Small network
A lack in focusing or career direction.
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Weak management skills

Opportunities
Are external attributes which cant be controlled by peoples. Examples include:

A favourable trends in the industry

Economy which may be a booming
A certain job opening
An upcoming company project.
A demand for new expertise and skills
New technology use
Referral to a high-powered contact.

Threats
Are external attributes which are as well uncontrollable by peoples. Examples including:

Consolidation and restructuring of the industry

The requirements in the market are changing as well as the impact on employers.
The professional standards are changing and people dont meet
Evolving new technologies
The competitor emergence

B. A range of methods and techniques to develop your own potential

I want to effectively adapt to the changing environment within five years by improving my
work which will be seen in my market.
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Specific: I will adapt to the changing environment.

Measurable: I will measure my progress by the market sales.
Attainable: I will improve my work.
Relevant: will allow the company to increase its sales.
Time-Based: I will adapt to the changing environment five years.

I want to maintain a continuing growth within ten years by continuously adapting to the
changing environment which will allow my company to have a good name on the market.
Specific: I will maintain a continuing growth.
Measurable: I will measure my progress by having a good name on the market.
Attainable: I will continuously adapting to the changing environment.
Relevant: will allow the company have a good name on the market.
Time-Based: I will maintain a continuous growth within ten years.

Task 3
A. Lead and motivate a team to achieve an agreed goal or objective

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Main roles of manager include planning, organizing, leading and controlling. Leading
involves motivating subordinates, influencing individual or teams as they work, selecting the
most effective communication channels, or dealing in any way with employee behaviour
issues. Motivating and rewarding employees is one of the most important, and one of the
most challenging, activities that managers perform.
To motivate the employees manager has to consider the following suggestions.
Recognize individual differences
Employees are not identical. They have different needs, attitudes, personality, and other
important individual variables. Therefore it is managers responsibility to identify the
characteristic of each employee.
Match people to jobs
Theres a great deal of evidence showing the motivational benefits of carefully matching
people to jobs.
Use goals
The literature on goal-setting theory suggests that managers should ensure that employees
have hard, specific goals and feedback on how well theyre doing in achieving those goals. If
the participation is inconsistent with the culture, use assigned goals.
Ensure that goals are perceived as attainable
Regardless of whether goals are actually attainable, employees who see goals as unattainable
will reduce their effort. Managers must be sure, therefore, that employees feel confident that
increased efforts can lead to achieving performance goals.

Individual rewards
Manager should use their knowledge of employee differences to individualize the reward
they control, such as pay, promotions, recognition, desirable work assignments, autonomy,
and participation.
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Check the system for equity

Employees should perceive that rewards or outcomes are equal to the inputs. On simple
level, experience, ability, effort, and other obvious inputs should explain differences pay,
responsibility, and other obvious outcomes.
Communication
Communication between the managers and employees provides the information necessary
to get work done effectively and efficiently in organization. There is no doubt that
communication is fundamentally linked to managerial performance. The impact of
information and communications technologies (ICTs) on hospitality management has been
huge in the last few decades. Most areas of management have been greatly affected by
developments in ICTs and some aspects of hospitality have been completely changed as a
result. To be successful in any field of management, manager should have effective
communication skill. Communication act to control member behaviour in several ways.
Effective communication provides a release for emotional expression of feelings and for
fulfilment of social needs.

Team Development
Work teams are one of the realities and challenges of managing in todays dynamic global
environment. Manager has to create an effective team. Manager has to consider the
following characteristics when forming a team (Robbions, S & Coulter,M p 385),
1. Clear goals
2. Relevant skills
3. Mutual Trust
4. Unified Commitment
5. Good Communication
6. Negotiating skills
7. Appropriate leadership
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8. Internal & external support

B. Justify the managerial decisions you may have made or you would make to support
the achievement of agreed goals and objectives

Decision Making: Making good decisions is something that every manager strives to do
since the overall quality of managerial decisions has a major influence on organizational
success or failure.
Responsible for choosing an effective leadership style. This allows managers to
helping the groups they lead be successful as the group goes through various stages
of development.
Coach the employees

by

providing

instructions,

guidance,

advice,

and

encouragement to improve their job performance.

Responsible for managing the conflict: As a group performs its assigned tasks,
disagreements inevitably arise. Manager can select one of the conflict resolution
techniques to solve the conflict among the team members.
Avoiding: Resolving conflicts by withdrawing from or suppressing them
Accommodating: Resolving conflicts by placing anothers needs and concerns above

your own.
Compromising: resolving conflicts by each party giving up something values
Collaborating: Resolving conflicts by seeking an advantageous solution for all parties
Forcing: Resolving conflicts by satisfying ones own needs the expense of another.
Planning: It is managers responsible for defining the organizations goals,
establishing an overall strategy for achieving those goals, and developing a

comprehensive set of plans to integrate and coordinate organizational work.

Providing Feedback: Manager has to make sure that the feedback is goal oriented,
ensure understanding and make feedback well timed.
It is managers responsibility to solve the problem creatively.

Task 4
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A. Explain how your own managerial and personal skills will support career
development

Career Development is a process where employees strategically explore, plan, and create
their future at work by designing a personal learning plan to achieve their potential and fulfil
the organization's learning, seeking opportunities, taking risks, and finding ways to
contribute to the organization in a productive and motivated fashion.
Working as a manager in trade tourism the most important skills that I have to develop is
the communication skills. The main reason for the communication skills development is that
in most cases when managers are based in a service industry, customers most of the time
gives them complaints than praise for a job satisfactory done. In a service based industry the
relation of employees with customers is the most taken in consideration.
In hospitality trade the most important factor for service represent the customer
satisfaction .This sector is so competitive that if the standard of services arent met as
customer needs the company will not survive. So for the success of managers good
communication is important. The company must effectively monitor the structure of team
management and in order to obtain a better performance must be held weekly meeting.

B. Review career and personal development needs, current performance and future
needs to produce a development plan

Personal Development Plan

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