2.

CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPENENTS SYSTEM

2.1

Overview the principle operation of shock absorber

Shock absorber is a mechanical is a mechanical device design to smooth out or

damp shock-impulse and dissipate kinetic energy. The vehicles are mounting with shock
absorber use to improve ride quality and increase the in comfort. The car traveling the
level or road and wheel strike the bump, spring is compressed quickly. It will attempt to
its normal loaded length and it will rebound past normal height and causing the body
lifted. The design of spring in suspension system is very important. The shock absorber
also fit in with dashpot, where the combination of cylinder is filled with a fluid with
sliding piston inside.

Figure 2.0: The principle of shock absorber on road surface.

2.2

Review types of shock absorber

To review about different method of impact collision into relatively smooth

cushioned contact. This reviews separate into main part that receive the motion of
principle of compress and expand coil spring and shock absorber assembly.
a) Coil spring types by variable rates.
Linear rate spring - Stock springs is linear rate springs. This springs cost
less, simpler to design, simpler to design and provide fairly consistent ride
height.
Progressive rate spring- Spring rate increases the further the spring is
compressed. Suitable for long travel suspension types of vehicles by different
spring rate.
Dual rate spring - Dual Rate Springs do have the similar ride height
consistency of linear rate springs. Dual Rate Springs are excellent springs for
long travel suspension systems.
b) Coil spring or compress helical that usually use for vehicle, the types of
spring end at the market is closed end, closed and ground end and open
tangential ends.

2.3

Mechanism and components of shock absorber

The shock absorber that install on truck is hydraulic dashpot with spring coil
types, where the part consists of several components that are installed together. These
shock absorbers are installed or mounting at the trucks. The figure below show the list
components and table show that the list of components function.

Figure 1.0: The stock absorber of truck.

No
1.

Components
Nut

2.

Suspension port

3.

Upper insulator

4.

Coil spring

5.

Spring bumper

6.

Shock absorber assembly

Function
Use to tie the rod of at shock
absorber assembly that place
between mounting
Use to as head to assemble at
mounting of the vehicle.
Provides increased surface area
insulation end coil to vehicle
spring and positioning.
Compress and expand to absorb
motion of wheels.

Material
Steel types of
materials

Use to absorb excessive motion

and as safety to avoid collide
Combination of cylinder that filled
with fluid with sliding piston.
Function to absorbs and damp
shock impulse

Rubber types
materials
Fluid: gas or oil
Cylinder and
casing: Steel

Steel types of
materials
Steel types of
materials
Types: Helical
spring. Spring
steel, beryllium
copper and many
more

Figure 1.1: Function and material for components of shock absorber.

6.0

PREFERENCES

a) Book
[1]
Budynas, R. G., Nisbett, J. K., & Shigley, J. E. (2011). Shigley's mechanical
engineering design. New York: McGraw-Hill.
b) Internet
[2]
Coil Spring Technical Information. (n.d.). Retrieved November 6, 2016, from
https://landrumspring.com/technical/coil-spring-technical-information/
[3]
Types of Springs for Your Vehicle - Meineke. (2016). Retrieved November 9,
2016, from http://www.meineke.com/blog/types-of-springs-for-your-vehicle/