8/9/2016

History and Evolution of Knowledge

Understanding of arts and science involves looking at objects, rituals or practices
which invoke curiosity, questioning mind and decision to like or dislike input.
Like gives rise to further replication and improvements.

History of Innovation
BFT211/3 BUSINESS INNOVATION
BY: S R I S A R A H MA Z N A H MO H D S A L L E H

Understanding Art and Science

Belief formed and accepted when
understanding and practice not
questioned.
An activity is understood through patterns
and repeated practice and become
methodical study.
Science is the methodical study which
leads to understanding of cause and effect.
Understanding of art and science results in
greater competence and knowledge.

Practice

Repeated activities without attention to

details becomes art more perceptual and
tacit knowledge.
Art

Knowledge

(Practice of
perceptions)

(Art and
Science)

Beliefs

Science

(Accepted
observations)

(Recognise
patterns)

Patterns

Great Innovator: Galileo

Pendulum, hydrostatic balance, pumps, compass, powered telescope, theory of tides, pendulum for
clocks.

Great Innovator: Newton

Great Innovator: Albert Einstein

Reflective telescope principle

Theory of Relativity

8/9/2016

Great Innovator: Henry Ford

Model T, automobile manufacturing, assembly line, industrial facility, tri-motor plane, V-8 car.

Great Innovator: Thomas Edison

stock ticker, electronic vote recorder, automatic telegraph, paraffin paper, electric pen, carbon rheostat,
phonograph, light bulb, electricity distribution and lighting system, motion picture camera.

Innovation

Knowledge Innovation

Innovation:

Information is readily available.

The specific tool of entrepreneurs, the means by which they exploit changes as an opportunity
(Drucker, 1985).
Creation of any product, service or process which is new to the business unit (Tushman & Nadler,
1996).
Cannot be treated as solely from an individual or firm level since the process of innovation is
embedded within the national or regional context (Porter, 1990).

Internet allow people to communicate and collaborate globally.

Need for innovation on demand to create new solutions for customers.
Customer-supplier relationship will be close, interdependent and require innovative solutions.
Extent of innovation will be more than the development of products and services
customization.

Innovation = Invention + Exploitation

Dynamics of innovation start with idea that produce activities leading to processes and
products sold to customers and bring in more business.

Innovation may be seen as a value-adding process as well as an outcome.

Impact of
Innovation to
the Economy

Innovation is an important
contributor to economic growth.

World of
Innovation

Innovation is a source of
advancement and development.

Firms and nations that

continuously innovate manage to
sustain economic vibrancy.

Countries in which the highest

patent activity or R&D investment
intensity is observed are leaders
on the ladder of economic
development.

Highly innovative countries enjoy

higher standard of living.
Highly innovative firms achieve
higher sales, become more
profitable, create more jobs.

Source: GII, 2016

8/9/2016

World Innovation
Ranking
MALAYSIA
Rank No. 35

Who is Leading Innovation?

Global Innovation Index 2016
Source: GII, 2016

What You Should Know?

1.

History and evolution of knowledge.

2.

The world of innovation.

3.

Great Innovators.

4.

Knowledge Innovation.

5.

Impact of innovation to the economy.