Lead Letter B

Min. 1/2" height and 1/16" thick, on back side of each film film holder

RT
Sec. V Article 2

Wire & Hole Type designation Tables

T-233.1 T-233.2

Densitometers calibrated least every

90 days with national standard step wedge

Single wall exposure technique T-271

Shall be used whenever practical

Double wall technique single wall viewing T-271.2

When complete covg. For curcumfrential welds, minimum 3 exposures 120 degrees
apart

Double wall technique

Double wall viewing
3 1/2" or less in OD, when complete covg. Min 2 exposures 90 degrees apart

Geometric Unsharpness
T-274.2

IQI Selection
Table T-276

IQI shall be placed on

Source side when possible, film side when not

Lead letter F shall be placed

Adjacent to or on IQI, represent film side

Hole type IQI's may be placed

Adjacent to or on the weld

Wire type IQI's shall be placed

On the weld so that length of wires is perpendicular to the weld

When one or more film holders used

At least one IQI image on each radiograph

For cylindrical components where source is on axis

At least 3 IQI's spaces 120 degrees apart

Shims under Hole type IQI's

Shim dimensions exceed IQI, so at least 3 sides of IQI is visible

Density Limitations for gamma ray source

2.0-4.0

Density variation shall not vary my more than

-15% or +30%

Excessive Backscatter
Light image B appears on dark background, rejectable

PT

Section 5 Article 6

Prior to PT, surface area to be cleaned

1"

Temp for PT and surface to be checked

40-125

Black light meters shall be calibrated

At least once a year

PT Dwell Times
Table T-672

Water washable PT water pressure

Pressure not exceed 50psi and temp not exceed 110

PT Final interpretation shall be made

10-60min

Minimum light intensity for color contrast PT

100fc(1000lx)

Fluorescent PT
In dark area at least 5 min, black light 1000, light checked prior-whenever
interupted- and after completed

MT
Section V Article 7

Particle types should be treated to

There color in order to distinguish and make highly visible against background

Particles temperature range are set by

Manufacturer of the particles

Prior to MT, surface to be cleaned

1"

Prod spacing not to exceed

8"

Lifting power of AC electromagnetic yoke

10lbs

Electromagnetic AC yoke shall be checked

Yearly

Lifting power of DC permanent magnetic yoke

40lbs

Permanent magnetic DC yoke shall be checked

Daily prior to use

Equipment with ammeter be checked

Once a year, or when repaired, overhauled or damaged

Units with ammeter not to deviate by more than

+-10% of full scale

MT needs 2 separate test on each area, with the 2nd test to be

Approx perpendicular to the 1st test

Minimum light for color contrast MT

100fc (1000Lx)

Fluorescent MT with black light

Be in dark area at least 5min prior, black light min 1000, black light checked prior
to, whenever interrupted, and after test

UT
Section V SE-797

How many reference blocks required UT

One or more, with known velocity or of same material as examining

Maximum scanning speed UT

Should be stated in the procedure (protest API 577 states 6ips)

High temps can be measured with UT up to

1000F

Readings obtained from elevated temps are high by factor of

1% per 100F

UG/UW/UCS

Section VIII Div 1

Materials subject to stress from pressure shall conform to

Section II Part D


Nuts and washers UG-13
Conform to Subsection C, and engage threads for full depth of the nut

Minimum thickness requirement for pressure parts

1/16 in.

Mill Undertolerance for plate UG-16

Not more than the smaller of .001 or 6% of ordered thickness

Shell thickness and pressure CALC's

UG-27

Heads thickness and pressure CALC's

UG-32

In the HEMI head formulas L =

R

Formulas for Reinforced Opening

Figure UG-37.1

Figure UG-37.1 Equation for Repad Area Needed

A= d x Tr (noz inside D, shell's Tmin)

Out of roundness for shells UG-80

Shall not exceed 1% nominal diameter

Sharply impact test UG-84, how many specimens in set

3 specimens


Impact test Table
Figure UG-84.1 (min impact energy for 1 specimen not less than 2/3 avg for the 3
specimens

The Inspector (UG-91)

ASME AI Agency, state or municipality Insp, or insurance company authorized

MAWP UG-98
Maximum permissible at the TOP in normal operating condition

Hydro test CALC UG-99

P-Test= 1.3 x MAWP x Stest / Sdesign

Hydro pressure for Inspection

Greater or = to Ptest/1.3

Pneumatic Test CALC UG-100

P-Test= 1.1 x MAWP x Stest / Sdesign

Pneumatic 1st check

50%, .5 x Ptest

Pneumatic Inspect pressure

Ptest/1.1

Test gauges UG-102

Dial indicating graduated about double the max test pressure, min 1 1/2 max 4
times max test oressure

Digital reading gauges

Can be used provided readings give same or greater accuracy

Required markings UG-116

U-routine, UM-miniature, L-lethal, RT 1&2-full, RT 3- spot, HT- PWHT, UV-PRV

Over pressure protection accept for U Steam boilers

Prevent pressure from rising more than 10% or 3psi above MAWP

PRV's UG-126 set pressure tolerances

2psi for pressure up to 70psi, and 3% for pressures above 70psi

When single relief valve used set pressure not to exceed

MAWP

Weld Joint Category Figure UW-3

A-longitudinal and welds connecting HEMI heads. B-circumferential. C-connecting
flanges etc. D-nozzles to main shell

Tapered transition UW-9

3-1 taper for differ in thickness by more than 1/4 T of thinner section or 1/8"

RT examination UW-11
Full RT for Lethal, and nominal thickness exceeding 1 1/2"

UT examination UW-11
May be substituted for RT on final closure Seam if construction code does not permit

Maximum allowable Joint efficiencies Table UW-12

Note-seamless heads and shells- type 1&2 any RT=1.0, all others .85


Fillet weld Sizing
Figure UW-16.1

Fillet weld, solving for

1/2 Tmin
Tmin = lesser of (.750 & 2 parts joined), 1/2 Tmin = .5 x Tmin, Leg = throat/.7

Fillet weld, Solving for

Tc
Find Tmin
.7 x Tmin
Tc = lesser of 1/4"(.250) or .7Tmin
Leg = throat/.7

Lowest temps for welding

UW-30
No welding below 0 deg.
Temp from 0-32 requires surface within 3" preheat to 60F

Misalignment tolerance
Table UW-33

Weld cap limits/maximum reinforcement

UW-35

Each welder shall stamp symbol on or adjacent to weld at intervals of

Not more than 3' along the welds

Peening
Hammering of metal, to relieve residual stress

Heating a vessel in more than one heat calls for section overlap of
At least 5'

Full RT Examination
UW-51

Film required to be kept until

The manufacturer data report has been signed by indpector

RT Unacceptable if
Any indication characterized as a crack, LOF, or LOP; or elongated indications met in
UW-51; and rounded indications in excess of chart in appendix 4

Spot RT Examination
UW-52

Minimum extent of Spot RT

1 spot every 50' increment of weld

Minimum length of Spot RT

6"

Unacceptable in Spot RT if
Cracks, LOP, LOF; rounded indications not a factor in Spot RT;

When Spot RT fails

2 additional spots in the same weld, away from original spot shall be RT

Manufacturer responsible for assuring all RT & UT techs are

Qualified and certified through there employer, TC-1A or CP-189 used as guideline


Requirements for PWHT
UCS-56

PWHT, the furnace temp shall not exceed

800 degrees at time vessel part is placed in. Above 800, rate of heating not to be
more than 400F/hr divided by max metal thickness, but no case more than 400F/hr

PWHT above 800F Cooling

Shall be done in a closed furnace or cooling chamber, rate not greater than 500F/hr
divided by max metal thickness

PWHT Tables (different tables for diff P numbers)

UCS-56.1

PWHT mandatory for

Welded joints over 1 1/2"

MDMT Tables
(Remember 4 Steps)
UCS-66-find the curve
UCS-66-get 1st temp
UCS-66.1- if reduction/coincident ratio given
Step 4- if PWHT and not 1 1/2" or more, take 30F off

For MDMT temps colder than -55

Impact testing is required

Acceptance standard for rounded indications for RT

Section VII Appendix 4

Section VII Appendix 6 MT

He/she has vision and is competent

MT Acceptance standards Appendix 6

Shall be free of relevant linear indications; relevant rounded indications >3/16"; 4 or
more rounded in a 1/16" line

Section VII Appendix 8

PT
He/she has vision and is competent

PT Acceptance standards Appendix 8

Same as MT

Only indications greater than, shall be considered relevant for MT and PT

1/16"

Tension Test
QW-150 used to determine ultimate strength

Guided bend test

QW-160 used to determine the degree of soundness and ductility

A full thickness specimen shall be used for tension test for material up to and
including
1"

Tension test CALC

Stress calcSfailure= Load/Area

Tension acceptance criteria (Breaks in weld)

Sfailure greater than or = to S of the weaker base metal

Tension acceptance criteria (breaks in base)

Sfailure greater than or = to .95 x Sbase; 5% allowed

Guided bend test shall have no open disc. In weld or HAZ exceeding
1/8"

Open discontinuities on the corners of the specimen during bend test

Not to be considered unless, LOF, slag inclusions or other internal disc.

Volumetric NDE examination and acceptance criteria

QW-190

UT may be conducted on test welds in materials that are

1/2" thick or greater

WPS
Provide direction to the welder; provide the Essential, Non Essential and when Nec.
supplementary essential

PQR
Record of variables recorded during welding of test coupon; provide Essential and
when required Supp Essential

A WPS qualified on grove welds is applicable to

Weld repairs to groove and fillet welds and for weld build up

Change in Essential Variables

Considered to effect mechanical properties of weldment and require re qualification


Change in Non Essential Variables
May be made in the WPS without re qualification

Welding Variables WPS

SMAW
Table QW-253

Section IX Article III

WPQ