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masonry lintels
Use engineering formulas or tables provided by BIA, NCMA, or other sources
By David C. Gastgeb
ing equipment, as precast concrete lintels do. And they eliminate cracking that can be caused
by differential movement between
steel lintels and masonry.
Design methods
You can design masonry lintels
in two ways. The most efficient design is obtained by using formulas.
Using the working-stress theory of
elastic design and the straight-line
theory of stress distribution, authors Schneider and Dickey have
developed basic design formulas
for reinforced masonry lintels.
These formulas and design examples are given in BIA Technical
Notes 17A Revised, Reinforced
Brick Masonry, Flexural Design
(Ref. 2), and in Schneider and Dickeys book, Reinforced Masonry Design. This design procedure is similar to that of ACI 530/ASCE 5
Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (Ref. 3).
Instead of performing the calculations and the required stress
checks for flexure, bearing, shear,
and deflection, you can use several available design aids. BIA in
Technical Notes 17H, Reinforced
Brick and Tile Lintels (Ref. 4),
lists resisting moments and
shears for reinforced brick lintels
with various areas of reinforcement. Once you determine the
loading, use it to calculate the
moment and shear to be resisted,
then choose the correct reinforced brick lintel section.
The tables assume a compressive strength of masonry of 2000
psi. Results for a higher compressive strength can be obtained by
increasing the values in the tables
in proportion to the desired masonry strength.
NCMA, in its technical notes 25
(Ref. 5), 25A (Ref. 6) and 81 (Ref.
7), includes easy-to-use design tables for reinforced concrete ma-
Shoring holds a reinforced masonry lintel in place until the grout cures and
gains enough strength to support the wall above. Masonry lintels match
wall appearance better than precast concrete lintels and require less steel
than steel angle lintels.
References
1. Robert R. Schneider and Walter L. Dickey, Reinforced Masonry Design, Second
Edition, 1987, Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07632.
2. Reinforced Brick Masonry, Flexural Design, BIA Technical Notes on Brick Construction, Number 17A, Brick Institute of
America, 11490 Commerce Park Dr., Reston, VA 22091.
3. ACI 530/ASCE 5 Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures, American
Concrete Institute, P.O. Box 19150, Detroit,
MI 48219.
4. Reinforced Brick and Tile Lintels, BIA
Technical Notes on Brick Construction,
Number 17H, BIA.
5. Concrete Masonry Lintels, NCMA-TEK
25, National Concrete Masonry Association, P.O. Box 781, Herndon, VA 22070.
6. Concrete Masonry Lintels, NCMA-TEK
25A, NCMA.
7. Lintels for Concrete Masonry Walls,
NCMA-TEK 81, NCMA.
8. James E. Amrhein, Reinforced Masonry
Engineering Handbook, Fourth Edition,
1983, Masonry Institute of America, 2550
Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90057.
PUBLICATION #M910108
Copyright 1991
The Aberdeen Group
All rights reserved