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IIT-JEE Syllabus
1.
*** Students are advised to solve the questions of exercises in the same sequence or as
directed by the faculty members.
36
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EXERCIS
E NO.
COLUMN :A
COLUMN :B
Questions i am unable
to solve in first attempt
Good/Important questions
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1. It is advised to the students that they should prepare a question bank for the revision as it is
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KEY CONCEPT
CAREER POINT, CP Tower, Road No.1, IPIA, Kota (Raj.), Ph: 0744-3040000
37
(a) Work done by a constant force ( F ) during
1 F 2
F2 t 2
t =
= F 0.t
2 m
2m
W=
F.S ;
Where F = Fx i Fy j Fz k
r2 = x 2 i y 2 j z 2 k
S = r2 r1
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE WORK :
(b) The work is said to be positive if the angle
between force and displacement is acute
(< 90 ) because
W=
F .S
In S - frame
Work done by F in time t
1 F 2
t
W = FS = F vt
2 m
Clearly W W
(e) LINE INTEGRAL OF FORCE
from r1 to r2
r2
F. dr
r1
d r small displacement
F = Fx
i + Fy j + Fz k
For calculating the work done from A to B
while going through the path AB, we
calculate it for an infinitesimal displacement
d r i.e.
B
W=
F.dr
Where
d r = dx
i + dy
j +
dz k
38
W=
W =
yB
Fxdx +
xA
Fydy +
yA
Fzdz
zA
1
2
2
k ( x initial
x final
)
2
(a) K =
zB
Wspring =
1
mv2
2
conservative force
F = 0
0
z
Fx
Fy
Fz
where = i x j y k z
F Fx i Fy j Fz k
39
dU
d2U
= 0 and
<0
dx
dx 2
Force = 0 , position
D = Unstable equilibrium position
WABCDA 0
(ii) Work done by force is path dependent.
At E,
(ii) FC = U = grad U
= i x j y k z
= del
operator
U = scalar potential energy function
(iii) In one dimension, the component of
conservative force along a specified
direction (say x -axis ) is equal to the
negative derivative of the potential
energy w.r.t. distance along the x axis.
i.e. Fc x =
dU
= 0 and
dx
U
x
Uf Ui = Wc =
Fc . d r
UB UA = WAB = mgh
Fx =
At A,
U
x
dU
= ()ve Fx = (+)ve
dx
dU
d2U
= 0 and
>0
dx
dx 2
dU
At C,
= (+)ve , Fx = ()ve
dx
CAREER POINT, CP Tower, Road No.1, IPIA, Kota (Raj.), Ph: 0744-3040000
U=
1 2
kx
2
x elongation/compression in spring
k spring constant
40
d
dW
r
F
.
P=
=
=
dt
dt
Where
F. v
F = applied force
v = instantaneous velocity
(iii) Average power
Pavg=
Uf + Kf = Ui + Ki = E = constant
(d) Modified form of the work- energy theorem.
According to the work-energy theorem,
Wc + Wnc + W ext = Kf Ki
But
.....1
Wc = ( Uf Ui )
[ Wnc = 0]
CAREER POINT, CP Tower, Road No.1, IPIA, Kota (Raj.), Ph: 0744-3040000
41
SOLVED EXAMPLES
Ex. 1
Sol.
4
2
dW
W=
W =
F. ds
Fds
cos
4 2
Sol.
/ 2
sin
4 2
Ex. 2
Ex.3
2
RF
/ 2
0
2RF sin
sin
9
0.2 6 10
= 1
= 10 2 newton
(1 0.2)
2
= (10 2 ) 12
R d
mg
cos sin
[ ds = R d]
4
2
F cos
= 120 J
Sol.
4RF
2
= 2 2 RF
...(1)
(mg F) 20 =
1
mv2 (from work-energy
2
theorem)
dW = Ff
. dr = Ff ds
(50 F) 20 =
1
5 (10)2
2
or
50 F = 12.5
or
F = 50 12.5
dW
=
(xg)(
dx)
=
F = 37.5 N
gx dx
Work
done
by
the force
1
xdx
Ex.5
(1 )
W = (1 )
Ex.4
Sol.
m
mg
[=
]
Sol.
For Block a1 =
Ff
=g
m
W2 =
velocity at time t
v1 = v0 gt
For Plank a2 =
Ff
mg
=
M
M
velocity at time t, v2 =
mv 0
1
M
M
m
2
1
2
m 2 Mv 02
m M 2
mg t
M
negative
In the position 1 (figure) the spring of
constant K is undeformed. Find the work
(which is always
t=
= positive
Ex.6
v0 gt =
mg t
M
Mv 0
( M m)g
common velocity v =
mv 0
Mm
Sol.
1
1
m v2
m v02
2
2
mv
1
0
W1=
m
2
M m
1
2
mM
W =
v 02
m M 2
(M + 2m ) v02
= negative
(ii) Work done by the friction on the plank =
Change in the kinetic energy of the plank
W2 =
1
Mv2 0
2
dW
cos d KR 2
W = mg R sin +
Ex.7
KR 2 0 2
2
v 02
F
2g 1
W
h=
WF
W
F
v = v0
Sol.
h=
= ma sin
)
a
1 cos
=
g
sin
Ex.8
a
g
2g 1
W
...(2)
2 =
WF
v0
WF
=
g
2
W
1 W 2
gh Fh =
v 0
g
2 g
h=
= 2 tan1
...(1)
v 02
Hence
2g 1
W
tan
W
1 W
gh Fh = 0
g
2 g
v 02
= mg (1 cos )
kinetic
v02
ds
1/ 2
Ex.9
1/ 2
Sol.
F = = i
=
r0 + u t +
1
( 3i 4j )t2
2
= ( 6i 4j ) + 0 +
...(1)
= xi yj
When the particle is crossing x -axis, y = 0
4 2 t12 = 0 hence t1 = 2 sec
Work done W = F . ( r r0 ) = kf ki
W = ( 3i 4j ) . ( 3i 4j ) 2
= 9 + 16 = 25 J
(iii) When the particle is crossing y axis,
x = 0 hence from eq. ....(1)
3 2
6
t = 0 or t2 = 2 sec.
2 2
=
3 2 4 2
ydx
W =
(
r = ( 6i 4 j )
2
44
i 28
j
= 18
Coordinates of the particle = ( 18, 28 )
=a
dW
x2
x1
b y 2 2 y12
2
xdx + b
y2
y1
ydy
b x 2 2 x 12
2
Hence F = ax
i + by j is potential.
Alternate :
(i) F = ay
i
F =
F
i j k I (ay )
G
Hx y z JK i
= k
2 = 10
m/s
(iv) Using eq.(1), at t = 4 sec.
3
i 4j )
x1
(ii) W = F . dr = (ax
i + by j ) . (dx
i +
dy j )
= ax dx + by dy
t2
v = a t2 =
x2
F = ay
i is not potential.
Hence
t2 = 0 +
=a
dW
1
a t2
2
W=
position at time t,
(m = 1 kg )
(ii) acceleration is constant,
F = 3i 4j m/s2
Acceleration
a =
Sol.
(i) F = ay
i (ii) F = ax
i + by j
Where a and b are constants .Are these fields
potential (conservative ) ?
Let us calculate the work performed by the
force of each field over the path from a
certain
point 1 (x1,y1) to a certain point 2 (x2 , y2)
(i) dW = F . dr = (ay
i ).(dx
i + dy j ) =
ay dx.
F = (3 i + 4 j ) N
Ex.10
0
(ay) = a k
F = ay
i is a non conservative force
(ii) F = ax
i + by j
F =
j
)
=0
F
I
G
Hi x j y k z JK (ax i
+ by
F = ax i + by j
is a conservative
(b) F =
force
Ex.11
b
, where a
2
r
r
and b are positive constants and r is the
distance from the centre of the field. Find
(a) The value of r0 corresponding to the
3a
dr
=
=
6a
r
F r 3a
b
L
d UO
M
M
P
Ndr P
Q=
=0
bI
F
G
H3a JK
3
= 2a
2b 3
27a 2
b3
b3
27 a
Ex.12
Sol.
b
2a
2
3
r
r
d
dr
r3
27 a 2
Maximum magnitude of the attraction force
= 0 r0 =
r02
2b
3a
b
2a
b
d2U
9a 2
r2
3
r0
b3
r2
At equilibrium position r = r0 , F = 0
2a
L
O
M
N P
Q
2a
6a
r =
F=
dr r 2 r
F=
dF
=0
dr
Sol.
2a
dU
=
dr
r3
2b
r3
r03
r ro
6a
2b
r0
2a
=
6a
2a .b 2 b
=b
2a
>0
M
dy
L
Potential energy of the element,
M
dU = (dm) gy =
gy dy
L
dm =
0
L
ydy
MgL
2
Ex.13 A uniform chain is held on a frictionless table
with one-fifth of its length hanging over the
edge. If the chain has a length m and a mass
m, how much work is required to pull the
hanging part back on the table?
(A) mg/10
(B) mg/5
(C) mg/50
(D) mg/2
Sol.(C) Mass of the hanging part of the chain = (m/5);
the weight mg/5 acts at the center of the
gravity of the hanging chain, i.e., at a distance
= /10 below the surface of a table .
U
=
=
5
10
mg
50
Sol.
....(2)
T=T
....(3)
T = mAg
....(4)
mA
2
0.2
= 10
kg .
Extension in the spring = x (say)
T = kx
T
19.6
x=
=
= 0.01 m
k
1960
Energy stored in the spring
U=
1 2
kx
2
Ex.15
Sol.
= 19.6 Joule
Now total energy lost by the block
= 16 Joule + 19.6 Joule
= 35.6 Joule
If v1 be the velocity of the spring at the instant
1
1960 (0.01)2 = 0.098 J
2
of collision, we have
1
mv12 = 35.6 Joule
2
1
2 v12 = 35.6
2
v12 = 35.6
or
Ex.16
v1 = 5.96 m/sec.
1
1
mv2
mv02
2
2
1
=
mv2 as v0 = 0.
2
1
mv2 = 16 Joule
2
1
2 v2 = 16 or v = 4 m/sec.
2
(ii) Work done by the block against friction,
W = Force Distance
or
= R. distance
(F = R)
= (mg) d
( R =mg)
= 0.25 2 9.8 4
1 2
kx = mg h = mg sin
2
1
2
or
Ex.17
1
100 42 = 20 9.8
2
or
F < Ff max
= 800/98 = 8.17 m.
Ex.18
1/ 2
by v =
8P
9m
by, s =
Sol.
t3/2
Sol.
2Pt
1/ 2
v=
(b) v =
ds
dt
ds
2P
2P
1/ 2
8P
9m
1/ 2
s=
Ex.19
1
2 x2 + 0.2 0.5 10x
2
x2 + x 0.11 = 0
x = 0.1 m [ x = 1.1 is in admissible]
vu
2
2
v u
2
2
3 v u
x
2 v 3 u 3
v
u
(C)
(C)
Sol.
t 1 / 2 dt
t 3/ 2
(A) x
2 3/ 2
t
3
0.11 =
s=
1 2
0.11 =
kx + Kmgx
2
1/ 2
vu
2
2
v u
(B) x
(D)
mdv
dt
mdv
(constant)
m
at
v
2
= kt + c
mu 2
2
v2
mu 2
= kt +
2
2
1
m (v2 u2 ) = kt
2
mdv
Again
v=k
dt
dv
m.v
v=k
dx
v
k dx
Ex.20
Sol.
...(2)
mv 2 dv =
1
Intergrating,
m (v3 u3) = kx ...(3)
3
From eqn (2) and (3),
2
2
3 v u
t=
x
2 v 3 u 3
2
2
Under the force
F = xy i + yx j , a
particle is moving along a parabolic path
given
by
y = x2. Find the work done by this force in
moving the particle from (0, 0) to (a, a2)
2
2
Given
F = xy i + yx j
But
i + dy j
dr = dx
W=
=
F . dr
path
xy
dx yx 2 dy
path
a2
xy
x 0
dx +
xy
y0
W =
=
...(1)
c =
t = 0, v = u
v = k
dy
x 5 dx +
a2
a6
a6
a6
+
=
6
3
2
dy