‘resale rea of bk aac fm ‘Nee iby of in sane gre 64683 nities PflesGod Seances a) coe ck ey Rb Hai Sern Abe aonb 48327 meine nie stent —)yoy” rer 3 The Divine and the Demonic ‘Sylvia Wynter and Caribbean Feminist Thought Revisited Introdoetion “Sylvia Wyte has been deserted athe Divine one of Crean lees and asthe elucane mach of Caribbean Fini (Barnes 199; Henry ovo, 8). In chischaper explore she ein beween Wyate’s prominence saCarbenn ntl and elle anagonism toa Cartes eins Heri project Although she arpa che Caribbean's pre-eminent Tena lve day and in spite of be internacional recognition a schol, her works rely abn rom courses on Caribbean fein hough tthe Univesity of the Wet Indies, Cave Hill Moreover, Carsbean fini sho ars inthe socialsciences cite et wor infrequendy” While she has been Seewed of rejecting feninsn, Carbbean feninis scholars have hardy Crplored bet das silfcienly enough ro make sn acarte sessment ofthat chim. Tels been argued th Wyte "leaves theoing bout gender dynamist “within he community ow and she wishes ws wel and that dhe “aves the development ofaeatvecounterhegemonie wemanisemint di ‘ous odhenexpenertion ofthe native women neligertsa”(Tetnd-Dt oot, 76). I wane to sugges that Wynter dos moze tha these commen sugges. Wyner challenges us toate thepistol demo: goin ‘Caribbean women, Given tar ths demonic ground he Ailes ee of the epiteme (to borrow Pager Honey's Tomlin)» Caribbean fins though has the possbily to et an pine sift. As gender it const eve par of Werte bi lop however, Caribbean feninis mist oaont ‘he gen of ender within thei own eeorang, Te challenge fo pnd “Thich Weer mounes eves the tension beween Western eins cheony ed indigenous Caribbean feminist thong, and eis more fil com UMbaton t Caribbean ferinims than 2 eetion of thie premises, This ‘ape rpresents «fandarental quate with Caribbean fein egaer- tenet Wyte (and the ack tere, ar atempes to mane he furponed antagonism of Wyatr’ ides wo Csbiean ein Reading Wynter The argument that Woman i not Mass other represent challenge othe ‘ery foundations of feminis. For woran snot mass oer hen gender Fanctions diferent rom the way in which Wester fers thory bas arc Aine Gender, Wye: ns, pare of gene, o diferent Kinds af he bran, Genderialvay key Fut ofhow each gee ofthe human ander ‘and ise, bu irs not he ony feature. Par and pare of our gbalied Understanding ofthe world the overepresenation of persia ger of ‘hchuman athe human ielé Thieloaine,ehnoceric undestanding of ‘Behuman mitepresen ine aa usvenl understanding, Man's ater he inci inci all chat sno silaneoudy whic, bourgeois, Wester and le ‘Wher Rane ss Wynter a denying the sence ofa Caribbean fem rise poet and Wye alleged ection of ein has been underood ‘sche naliy of atonal to apprehend fei concen, propose that fa fom invading sein projes, Wye’ arguments provide produc- engagements with ein theory (Bames 99) 1 with © complicate the clin thas Wyener "hax consenly writen from a feminist perspective, Although she has nor been consinerely chimed by the Caribbean fem emmy” Josephs 2009, 94). And while | agree hat Caribbean fein ‘hokeshave nthe claimed her nor eens engaged with her work | anc gg that Wye eather is mace complex. Whatdocs it mean to “consinenly wet rom a Feminist perspective" expecially thes your work corines fundamental equ of Wester norma Fen~ Thum A reading Wyte non Fion work provides filler undeanding ‘ther ideas on race and gender, Tha" Wyater privilege eer ace 90 ‘debut ols the bh equal important (id 193 ts condion ‘one could resomibly come to afer reading Water's non-tion work, indeed, Wyte bere ceayundersores chat “rae” epscemologicaly primary (Scan 20, 8), Wyater has expaded her theoiing of ce beyond eer io loge wo concepuatingof gene, within which she alps ender! Wyner ects norma" Westocenc” deployments ede our ght 20 «0 argue that se views race and gender as equally importa i fadnentally to misunderstand her argumencs* Feminist claims made inthe nam of gener have vough fo cemake ‘weman inthe nage of Man =a move which Wyner ejecta inadequate ‘ecu i il exes he aiggesotive (and a long is of Othe) fom che foman (Water 990) ith limiation of gender which Wynter rejecs~ jen which ange, contain rit pssblies or Casbbean Fe Ti. Toaditon, considering that Wynter expicily includes chose who ‘hs compuborybeterosenaly among hare enluded from he cue eh (Rocnric conerpuaization ofthe human (Thomas 2005, 45), which Amnvepresets fla the ony and univer enneepraliation of what i treantt be human, her theoing opens space fom which Caribbean fe in chought candies heterosexual pees” (Robinson 2007 7) Feminism, Ile all other iim, mistakes che map forthe eto, © ‘wynter apt formulation (Wynter 3006, 1719) In other words ils nous eatin of backnes/Orherness and ofthe “Feminine” egies ‘enltingof the human oui of Weneenbienrc erm. The revlon tf the homan ennot take plce fom within te cutenteisteme bese ‘Westen humanism at devalued the human ieselfand reduced ito pari lar ent or way of being human: Maa, of which bth race’ and gende” lucky const element (bid). Wyte work emerges as nee us {Al fr Caribbem feminism a he aticuates 2 human iberaion pro “which must ofrcessiy challenge the humanism of Wester fins Carlbbean eins ae preoccupied with constructing and reonsruct Imowadge, Wyner prescapid wth the ned to change the epieme ite For Wyner, chlenges to ploblinequaies must simutanousy be bi lenge the very order of knowledge” which presents thee ines atl evident normal (Wyte 999 Se efalue sm tat "the stra nln roberve, al Aiffsene os concep tool of oi nly might oc peat be aval saree, pe is one which cannot be ignored” (Mohammed 20032, “ipmerisby no mena cri onlokerand ber que wih Fis war sere tuererploraon. Using Shakespear’ play The Tempest sllepoy ‘yer enamine gener and ace in the Caren. For Wyatt, Mien Ure dauher of se soceer Prospem, possesses power and privilege, nether ohh che enlved Caliban enjoy (Wyte 1990, 36). Wynter therefore Sjrnlons the salene of Western feminist deplaymens of genes for ‘Eijpoen momen, sce she univer abject Woman desl dos oe est ‘a tke Caran The fat that Caliban has 2 female counerpart, Wyte waa. feioal a human/svage Western duals, which place he end binary asthe primary pie of dfeence and raion of power bid, 360. ‘Wile eminiss hive quesioned the wefulnet of ender as a aati toa anuig tht pole na thoroughly fragmented by ice dass historic (evens and india ference ae select aan analyte se Per” (Bord 990, 1) or have aked whcher fein fal serves to ey tr (Barertgoling 7h yates criqu isdiferent For Wynter hen contenpocy areal are exenily agges against the white Western tarrisoverepesmtason of tla the human =at The Man ~and ee tinghe eof varying sujet postions as kser Others (Wyeer 2004 360). Rather thar sering her naj malig the erie premise of Carte femine thoahip (Baez 199,37 she isis ona wider rset (fancies ha wich is made onl by ited dploymens of tender Afer Wyoe’sdeconstracive work comes er eonseetiv pret ‘Wyner proposes ere a ane of understanding how race" and"gendr” funcion dn eer cea Th ott em "aca 6 Fence a eng ce shih mud cere” So ese red pear adpend bectoe ee a "ie cr fm che me Toe Tryna on fe megs "tnd Now wha Lam we, ‘ar pode aay ben eon fhe ining of da tng coe tively codeword fr ere” Oo ane he* ona ayaee ae of rc Our ist the i of ie ee Mae eof he [Wynter anise hee suggest the imaltancey of raz" and “genet” in constituting deren genres ofthe hamsn. Hers isa rejtion of s humans Feminist projec which would sect ince bourgesis Woman atthe coun terprt of the Man, wile eving inact long ist of Others. For Wyner, theres no Hberatin in Woman’ aces the world ofbourgeois Man (he pubic wphere ofthe work of work under captain). it docs noting to ‘llenge the ines which conaiae that word, Wyner oor denying fendered pve elton sheen ring tat "gender pac and fare ofthe Wesernbiodogic which naturaliaed both the human/sage inary and the malefermae binary. Chllenge o gendered power relaons ‘must be made from vantage point ode ofthe epsene, not fom witin ie That Wynter poses Fil calenges 9 Caribbean fens i evident, 1: Carbean feminists themselves are now questioning the concep se Fans of gender (Rowley 210). Gender Trouble ‘Wesem femini concens with defining gender ay fom sex and therfore wey fiom biological determin, are unnecesarly distracting (e4. Hwkerwoth 1997: Nichoion 1999, chaps) and mis he oi cat, wihin ‘Weer biologi ex iinspaae fam gender! Gere may be unde ao0d as parc of gene of which race, thai, clas, sean and ober elions tf dominatn ad subordination ae pat, and areal gounded ina Weern Lidog: Asha been angcd, "it rot fan] accident. that ‘ac’ and Yer in thet primary natured or biological meaning eme ged inthe cigheth cena. hen the new polit concep ofthe individual sf and the wedi Vial bearer fights was bing acute (Sepsn guste in FausoSetig, 2004, 3) The invention of Man eeqused a deineson of i onli! Timi. "Wyoers sels should eer exons with Cabean Fes who have themuces sensed gender wouble Anda’ ecopuiton tha “working fr gender justice, ke working fo ender equal. wil at lead eo a a0 formation of al she ineracting power clans agsinst which we must orgie isan acknowledgement tha Caribbean fens poles the past tra have taken the map forthe terior Andale 20% 17). Thi unde ‘Handing bas ed othe accion tht Caribbean enn ave vol outco “Gender (Sous 2006 90, Gende aa Femi anal tool as been ‘ola bythe more peltable “pends somethings (Robinson 200711), ews questioning of ende and er ivocsion of Water in orderto do fo past the neesity of including Sia Wer within the Caribbean Fein ielectua dition (Rwy 210). Moreover, iepresnta timely Taporechement beeen Sy Wyterand ther Crean fein hike ‘Sur indigenous theoretical conceptions of gender have ered 0 5- gst an ncnigne of pashan of domination, and in may ways Fane undercuts vision of dial change. Caibean fei have negled to problematiae the exten to which gender as a concept is rooted in ‘Wasocentic biologie, the very bogie which denies Caribbean people seas to the human. Tn eheorting Gm within the West rather than fom thevannge poi of thee demonic pound at margins, Caribbean fenii fav chalnge the epseme nthe way ia which Wyte sagen that hey should "Wyter does ot provide a theory a gendered power within hetersenal claonship: or dosshe provides theory of power ations between eric Ther and wormen, What her wok doe, by not scepring these ratios ge ora the norms provide the tl, ot Fer bargaining with patiacy tar for undoing gender together. By demonststing the centri of ri tral gendered divans to ov undestunding ofthe wold, and ising 00 the call specifiy ofthis undertunding and ics ink ro Wester, mas tanned, imperil power, Wynter challenges both eins deployments of ender and gendered ayes in sie: Caribbean Feminist Theoiing of Gender “To Catean feminist hers have provided extensive eprom of deren gender sere which have enced ferns thought. Mokummed's fociigon erly and sue. and Barateau foregrounds economic que Sons in her mal: Both model, however, ek co account fr gendered ower selitions in sey and hve boad explanatory powet. For V. Eudine Bursts, gender is + sophisticated fein anayicatcategory which brings with methodologies and concep tok for sia ‘halyn(aeeau 2005 58). The key methodol snp is its rejetion Uf male-cented approaches (Brite 30012) She defines ender “ee ‘ingtocompler ems of penonal and socal lason rough wich women nd men are ocally creed and santained and though which they gia Sree to, or ar allocated, tars, power and material resisters within soci” (bid. 26. ‘While sci and Mant feminist approaches dominated eater theo ing Gi Redock 2009, 219), Breas theory bulking revealed a dee fee o move away fom thi tend and to use postmodernist Frit’ treak with daalsms co explain Caribbean women’s muliple reals (Gorsicn i998). Barta models «broad-based one which recognizes the pola, economic, sci and pychologial cements of genes, and which emphaties pone, Drawing on postmaderis ferns analytical Frame, it iews bork men and women se gendered (Bariten 200129. An Iinporanscontution of her o Caibeanfemini thory and practi ie herandemtanding ofthe socal elon of gender a constng of esogial snd material elation (Baten 2003, 59). The materi refers o women’ “eso the resources ofthe ate and he idelgia refers to “bist” hove gender Bare inst however, haa gender ster isn spate ‘prem bur exit withi all he basen "Genders within ce, within She within economic activi, within seuaies and seal otienatons ‘thin langage” (i. 6) ‘Wil hit Famewor rite adive model, is noe an intestinal model sages that what ender does is complement and compbse eis ing analy tool. Bares’ ejection of liberal feminist and soils feminist models which have sought tad feminist concerns ober and soci framework pve the way for her postmodernist eins approach render (Baviteau 1995, 1998): This approach seks co move the analst {hey fom an adie approach one ta simulaseousyncorpors what ‘known about the older and mor researched sci antagoniams of cast race and mediate these ough comaging with he relatvey more ree social reins of gender” (Burien 2008, 67 Breas defines gender ‘lion spurte fom gender atone. While ender lations bas bom (Sedo feo soi retonsberveen women aad men, "gendered ion ‘eer tthe aymmer inthe contemporary acl rations of gendec generally inscribe inequalities for women materially and ideologically” (Barrens 200177). “The imorrance of this framework is wndescored by its win the CCaribean Community (CARICOM) plan of action fr ender mans Ing Manish 004,12) Bann semaine adamane tar what aie‘ che prelfeationofmecingsasignd "gender ithe an feini/an-woran “scour pervasive in the Caribbean during the 1990 and 20008 and nt any “toner ew” in gder analy alf Baca 2005 79). "warmed wants ose the dy of xual tinvenigatios of en dered power rations (Mohammed 1994199) She signals the seed for Feminine incade venus "te ida of x(t civ) sexu ‘pool and imagery” in defiiion of gender (Wohammed 1995). She Aipuechat, even hough suaity and domes are among the prime sex forthe production of gendered power telatone, feminist theong of gender dos no always reflec thsi). Drawing on oan Scots ein of gender she ees soiey conte by mule gader systems She kes fom Joan Sete an understanding of genders thesodal and clr og Tnaon of aul diferenc. Sch onganing ofsociery takes the form of ender [cma which are be pecrved a the rls governing oil sexul and ‘product behaviour of bo seein any given soci" (Mohammed 935, 12). Gender stems comprise the cil roles signed men and to women, Cl dfinions of masclinity and femininity, the sexual division of| Labour, ues eating ractige ae Lnshp, and women's postion rave to men in pla and economic fe. For Mohamed. ce components of eds syrems are highly vasble within and among oct, and therfore fender tems and, by extension, gender if remain “elusive concep” (ibid) She does, however offer sone dfnivons, aking pend eations for trample, toric clasonsberwen men and women bid) Her theory i therefore one which seh to account for gendered power rations within eernocmaive sci ‘Mahammed induces he concep fgeaderneitron to xpi how Indian communities econstiuted ptsitcy in Tendad and Tobago and segoated genet identi, She a thea gender apres of ego ‘ons which ake place atthe miro and macro level (B29). The najor ceotributnns ofthis work ae that allows for che mudy Fbod men and ‘omen simulaneouly, acouns or the change gender systems versand demonstrates the importance of gender to cute By deonstracing a "Calusa poder arinexeriably meshed she coun fr beh the change in gender lations overtime hough a proces of negtiaen, and the Sixty of patriarchal dominance (Mohamed 200120026). Her made isa com plex one which sugges both fty and change ender as be unde stood ta proces of negations a the mato and mic level chen we mus ask ‘Who ines the negotiations? Who coneol the negotiation? Who is mrt cen ald eo compromise on their demande? Are nections about ring, tr pace within an unjust sate? Do hey sugges eh inposibliy of ane Forming the ste sel By demonstaing the importance of gendered rmcanigs culture, Mohammed explain why gender remains cha fixed tspext of soe! organation, Her dialectical approach to aeqotations of ‘masculinity and femininity, however, takes maeainiey and femininity a Gren. Nonethes,hrinsstnce tha sexual isan important mension tendered pwe tation ia mporant insight ‘Tensions with heary ‘An eaninaion ofthe develapenent of Caribbean eminis thought revels 2 complex relationship Beneen Carbeenfeminizm and decry. Bares spies that enn krowledge in deedoping counties evel ep its origin in an economist ype of raion dre” (Bazrteas 2004, 447) “Masih ere underscores this pole Bu wile hse sade explorations ae amiable their own righe, dey ze of limited wily if ot elated to {etin degnt to improve the uation which the theories expin. Here the ides to ene that hae objec af the programme which re concen with theory balding alo rate rote ronty development fines as arcu lee by goternents and eeional devnpment agence” (Masia 199) 2 Masia’s caution that theory must not be divorced fin ative it celevnt and has been aftclted by many Caribbean feminist (ee “Mohammed 2003; Providence 2007; Vase 003). Her suggestion that Caribbean emis herring sould operate within the cons ofthe oat of Casiieangovernmene and development organizations, howeer, is fi iting in das i would deny Rowley’ sion of he Limitless posts of| indigenous Catan feminist theorizing (Rewley 200, 3), Furthermore considering wares histori tlegution othe mais of “delopmet’ iesgpal kind of lf oopion of Carbbcan Feminist though wll as ‘ejeton of Caibean woren a theortand an understanding oftheraing 2 foreign o Caribbean ingress. The dsp ine of Gender and Development Sais acount ptf perztins of Caribbean Femins work a dtv- tive aod untheoreial the Caribbean ithe id which provides che ae ‘rods which ed io the get bas of Wester eins cheory Barta, (quote in Rowley 2003 9) Masiah's comment highlight tense nberven Caean eminins and theory. Caribbean emits have not bel awa rom theory, and her vison tfisrtion seguably the mest rail ene fse-century von aise {a the region. The relationship of Carbbeanfeminisms ro Western meta rates emia tobe inerogate, Breve The searchers the Women Tate Carbhean Project (WICP) soughe sid ouside theories and bud ‘heats fom the led experiences of Cubbean women, Baie has ith tia the WICP for fling ro make eplccthershortcalinvesenens, “ihc have been masked by thet claims of eoiding ery (Bante 1955, 145-46) habits of though orp’ lations as much at sei el tins organise habe of hough (Young Brut 98,37), then the ned 0 emancipate [oureve rom mental every" becomes een more urgent (Maley 18of200) Theartng then isn an voryomer indulgence bats ec nay projet oF human libero. ‘Do Cacibean Feminists produce tery or do the ust se dhe theories prodcal by ote? Baresu sea tha ofa the fenini heores aaa ‘explain he day-day eaises of Carsean women ony che posmedernist fini flame provider an adequate fe" Bare 995. 18), Whe Barend as been denied athe most consistently theoretical of Caribbean fei (Meeks 20071), and indeed her work ofe engaged more than that fay oer Caribbean Feminist ela, here she appaaches theory in he pot of | Consumer Of the Euro-Amesiaa cheoiesprofered wo explain the subod nation of Woman — radicals, Mane and eral feminist thors ~ the finds posmodersist feminist theory mast fil for understanding, CCstean women’s lies. am nacconttig her conlsion here, bat ate: wane wo seit as an example ofthe vay in which Wester eins ofen ‘ures as akind of normative feriism within Caribbean feminist theorizing ‘Mahammed identifies Western feminism a dating back ofouteeth- ‘entry Europe, and acknowledges ‘hac “Caribbean gender cheory has“ enya anes borronedgeezuly fom the loal expansion of mini ceo’ th ike ng Caribhean and Western feminism (Mobammed 2oo3b 102 08.18 ‘decrbing the release and comfort within which the Caribbean women's ‘movement operates, he compares contemporary Cartan fen itsthe fagetes and noe oti indigenous, Afo-andIndo-Caibbean fremoth sin thei sugges fr autonomy, humanity and iberaton: “The enn mew he Caen i redial idle ho nove tnt We hae en rust ee nding bic spurl "wean ‘Jes oe he at dec In adi hv gre cept of he Son femal bein hist, hve mtg cf he ely Tecrecth eye gro emi. employe’ of ene Inthe Tei case evaded ith Bch apo nd recopene, (Mohamed ype) Mohawme's reference to the sufingees highlight the preponderance of ropa and Nowth American frame of eferenes in Cabean Fermin (Maha 2004 96. The intention here to freground the “orig” 5f Caribbean leminim bu o acknowledge the aiuation of “discos from ouside” and wchin the region (Smith 199491) Carbbean femnins steely sles rm “eins pneloie and iors of struggle 2 tray which de complenity ro thir wrk and cannot be ed as mere ouside {uence (Alexander 2005 2) In ight of Wymersisstence onthe ned 2 ‘cotcne Wenern thought inorder to dizup te tkerforgranednes ofthe pceme, ch serve peso. however. 20 npeoblematic: Hatori ‘rls provides che groand fora ndgerous Carbbeanfemiix theoring te break wth Wescernhegeony in feminism through locating fini though inthe histeial species ofthe Caribbean” Historical anaiss ‘ees 0 connect Cathe Femisi thetsng to dhe Naor of rule of CCaibesn women: ews impor for Thi We nme 9 ei sear ih tho war niin of wren’ gl rep what fom, 0 Ieteaten Oep dwn, many of ged here bt sch bio immed cnc the ony pp of wane ho Ge take some rear een anim etl ind bre “Taio uri htae bm pu of cecal know orn eden pad down oa and 954 2 Casta feminine scholars ee her work saps ofan coneibtion to Weseen and rannainal fein heoy, while the sae mete ea errchant tique of Caibbean soley and poli. Csibean Fenn ‘cloughe ro apteprit hese Wesern Feminist heres for heir own ur oc adage thoi 0 Carbesn rete ad sig them fe rev nara fem which hey bul indigenoar uadestanding of ender and {ndere ration (Mohammed 99) The enon compromises and sy ‘roves bene indigenous and Wester ames of rrence, scholarship and scons, sholanhip and society, and local, nana rexional and itera ‘al emai, mst be explored ia ay atemp engage with Caribbean Femi dens I want to sget hat the elaionship of Caribbean Feminist ‘herp to Western fini one of cotiuity and rupee xia eng trent and depeeure —certunly a muck more complex one cham bas been Tagpested inthe pas. ”Theconerpraliatin of nai thon inheeny INonh Americn/Europesn, however, contibut: ro the regain of Carbbean feminist hiker 10 the epatemolgial marine. Weser fem thn emerges t he norvalized feria: "Aer «relatively delayed start Canbocan emnise scolariip, as since he late 970% moved apy © ‘become exablshed as an exiting Geldof epsemologcl here and methodological advance (Bartow 19981). actly what would bave ben an sppropsesanfor Caribbean feinism, ower emine unstated, but impli s some standard of fein 0 ‘tbc dhe Caribbean is aow playing catebvap. Tht subjection of Caribbean Teles toa Wenern measuring wicker in a analyse which. even whie ‘iat of Caribbean feminist scolahip, esutsindsonions (Pv ‘Geher 197, 4). More important, however, the Westocentic Framing of Carklean feinimsslens the dermanic ound bon which che Caribbea tubakem woman ould damup the epieme, Wha ae the productive pos bis of the Caribe’ ction in che West ye ais margin? Towards the Demonic Ground Marlene Nowbese Philp es the productive postises of ving athe eps ‘emlogicl and ontological rote, ing outwards cowards yet-anfllie Posie, Margalit, then, doc ot gna bot a sag Ya ‘ap poe om which imagine the stare (Nou ee Philip 990,300) Totive productively athe margin. hen is refine to be manageable, This “Sestmen to being unmanageable reve in she epneelopicl p> ‘Son ofother Caribbean women writers ad within he tal veabuly of CCabbean feminist colar Barra’ postmoderss Femina theory i teebgrton of uamanapeabiy 3 defiing fru of Caribbean women’ Tres and an sttempe todo the feconatracive work necessary co make thee tne ceatibe (Bateau gy 19950) Likewise, Aletanders rote auon0y irs pls of decolonization which refae colonial and postndependence Continment of Caribbean sexuality. Erotic autonomy therfore signal 2 ‘cf tbe manageable and tobe managed. Alexander inks serait the ‘Stonil and postolnial Caribbean state and the inceracoal poll eo Sry, and writes her perenal life into = weachan erque of Caribbean ‘hncnhip and ations (Alerander 194) fFoucase comes hat me ‘muse anderstand powerat the point wher power races inc the very grin sf individeals,rouches thei bodies” (Foucelt 98,3) then Alexander's ‘oe stonomy makes the intimate the highest pli projet. “Era Brbet, to, efits to be manageable In anpuing that er “ton wing pat of (her silica nthod” she lends objeciviy and b> Jest, eton and since (Broder 990,64). O he fson she ay" fas co fave space in which people could do their own dreaming, ther Own thinking and teirown plang” i 66) In dsmanting epistemological terrchin, she eso produces space Fr the visioning, theorising and rire ergs of thers In wtng the novel ane and Luise Wl Soo Come ame Sr ee tudy for octlopcal rsning, she Blends both her fiona het ‘wok as socio with er stv (Brober i980). Tei eh plies of unmanapenbliy which ols che potenti forthe sc vation of the sptemologca demonic ground of sutlere Caribbean roman! fa concepaliing the demonic model, Wynter demonstra ts the ‘governing stem of meaning” rumble eo “vice”the silenced pound cofbaern Caribbean women and unable make thinkable the possibilty snow sper of meaning fom the vantage pot of hissed ground (Wye 990 363). This demonic model allows for a vanage point oie ofthe governing pce of meaning; oad in sbsern Caribbean seis {eis demonle because ntti outside of our cure dsc rae trv iid, 364). The demonic model contin th capaci foran eis Tit pecticly because eis no a standpoine epiemolgy with te ANA ein of er, gender an cas wich nm a ot ia ofthe erga cing’ Rater he demonic od i al ey ee Tham ta pnt dra te pene precy bese Tite in ce main he sali of eye of meni Tanner ts once ben hori Cra Fiend depen ake demas ofthe sate on bea of worse, 5 well a ae pie that wc revo ui snr, ender al ree mins bo embeded win or ue vera epee, wich elepwesheCarisean 02 ia ere erage howe ha che imine arg oft Cabos mets wom Ete Als be fhe peed he ange oe RRSTLR y beg w iagne new wos ote fer cer dix see Thenceors tthe achatin of ha piemangia denen mind ‘thes of vine poles Notes 1 Mie Roly ae sep. So Raley 206. 1S pnialhee tghat sin fen anim nding ren Thomu sp We 90 Wer 95 Wye 2006 Wye 20) 4 Oyke Ojewu ann Waser ato 31 dep one nan cern etc ohh icone ilgialems See ew 4b Cret ahe rm Ween oe bo Eure ince ‘oh Armes id 5 Opn Opceami snd Ann Fe Sealing boi aia hight fm sey oem vanage pins Sex Pt Sig 203 3 OFC. (Maternal sobre Shper, Breton and Bley 995 present oo jt sone hry bei ppc iy >. Jn nan ust angohone Cisne are es egy i capac Wer ec iid Ser Mom 99.4 1 Rance Met ork mn beatnorlaped a» ie ea of feo rptcaue af tyes wees She wes Whose eanepainon of demonic Frentusseunng oie wider noma wevig he Wer ron ot lee Wars bra a a decpan of Suck omen a2 ene! sent Fn oie of ean mc of nde ck momen spy, See Mek 06.cmp in i demonic nd gue of ann andi seo. THe recto eign amare Bu emir andi Fr (ip af enn sndpi x Haran so Hak og Cait 00, Referances ‘Nese MJ. 194 Nou an bd an ea ce The fla. uy nnd powell in Tried ad Tobago ad the Baas. 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Coton 17-5 New Ys: Hare Pet eS eter anne Towel pec Fein Wc Ta Th fon tye Ll ed gl ppv oh CR, ‘cna ant fr p-nr- New York: Rowlal Camm oe Hels Trth and cd Femi doit eamE REI een The on madpr oy emer ond ‘Rint ana 5 Harding 2-4 Loan: Ree. 1 pn, Conknndng nde Si Jara of oe ix Cela ent "Sel 0) 445 ec. Cahn ren Iai A> Carian psa, New York Reale Jove ee, 2c The ee fr adc Neng ton iy We Tel pts n Th Cars ean rt a haa Craig. maitr tig el Aaa 79-204 oa: Caen Sais Pro Mate Beebe Widen plc Rede gk Urine aarp Fou stem Spo ecboxig the woth sivas othe "ened vdapen Stes Pogmene Unie of he Wet Indes me Hil December 2a feat lip ands e Genres cnn: anit pop epi 8 Bay eR 3K tenRanie Mek 108. Demei grade lich wanen an se cop of ee Mineo: Unienny of Minosoa Pe ei tna emp ow abesiy ie Wo nts ra eb soo Diep elation ns Caribe mr ri i a hn King Unters of the Wes nds Pre.tana: pp, Towa Caen ein hilophy. CAFRA Nar Neen {fie Crean Aso ir Fon Rh nd tan 3 Mach 904 Nuanig he Fini coe in the Cita. Si nd Emre salir 9 9-6: ti Weng eter in ia The agin of gd ein aang Indian men and women pinnae Tada cy. ro Ener yon lrg 8 Ben ¥en ay a coc. Grr mins amng Idan Tia 1 Bangle UK: Page on kenge: Thin wn inn nd the Caen, Sad ‘amo ada 195 3 oth Asymbue ea Carhie mi sogphyand ata ii oI nora pes ang rd tay Monten Hip owodusion 9 Wann and change th Caneel Moma. Kir: Rand Nilo 99 Femina nd Mane egg hn with cone The ‘lof con Pon mado th ped Bsnghans Open Urey es [Noe Pin Mpg Magne manage I Cre wen tr “yf hit renal emf $B Ca 2), elle. MA pene O. 997. Te meno of emer Making fan of Ws ade ‘ions Ment: of Minna en Pun Geer, Lanbeh pp. Delaing finn The home roe oat of Caren women meen In Danghrs Cia: Caen nome wen ey Lape ping. Blends Une Pew roid D204 Caan enim inn Anew wi Presa VE ican oral of Err Cones nd 4 678 Reddo 1994 Bien ner and pina Tridaand Toa Ahi and Zadok — soe. Fomine eeu an ser: Cotas fom the ange (Cae In Cha ga ec Ttned erie ©. Bo and Kin. sa New Yat Rouge Robin T 107 Alvida: Caren ont Sal 4 Cele Ina of Cro 24 (Osab 8-39 Rowley M. 20m Rewmeping we The leaf macy nha el ile olen Ged aie: yn Caribe fin sgt oP ebm, 4s King Unive fhe War he Poe vetoes A ann seynaon: Gb erer comin open. Ln “Cnfong pours hwnd pnpcame Cehan, LE Baten 9-9 Kington aie th Weld ‘ora Who is Gener en a in conte omini Snel A A Crea ora f Con 40-5. Sets D 2000 There ence natn Iv wih St Wyo Sal "A Cohen ora of i Spent 07 ‘ShephercVo 8 Beane nd BB 9p, Engng iy Cane tm hl perpen: King: Randle Sait pe: Coming hme thera ing Cendant gh Pw Caran Sah dee Quart 3 42 95 Soar | 3508 Aden he eon lens on Fim nthe Caria (Garba ar Je Stebel 8-9. ‘Yn nate hei me oat Tali. Te il f Hebron: Si Wyner da ‘heron Smale (Fn 7-6 Vast 10) Wen power and cso makig in CARICOM coum Mri Tara nx po ej ces, Gener py th Cae: aly trillion’ ed Tang No 8. Bally, King an Rae Winter 190 Awol Bejond Minn messing: Ualencingte “denen undef Calor In Oat bb Cae omer and ee ‘C Boyce Din and E Savory Flops. Ten Nj Aes Wer Pret os The pope mes eee dn ingots mada: Clea ‘study and be Caen ein omer Th mandengof ee: La ‘ame he Canin nd Coad te rd Rap nh. Ta 100), Unc he elo of beg powetathfreedom Towa the ‘uma mans evepeenaon~ An apamens New Ci ce 3 fabapes —— tot, Oh we ion ie forte ry adenine our ‘nar urbewnbc segs of ing of Dae: Bie si tnd ara re In ron he mare Ain mein so hy an pri. ‘SLUR Condon and JA Gand 19-4, Bade Pig Young el F198. The ocan of women pepe. emi te ree ad pe} Bar M, Maton Wang Ws and M, Wye 9 19. Cage UnnemeyofCege Prox poof naa of