DECEMBER 24, 2016

ASSIGNMENT # 4
POWER FLOW AND INCREMENTAL LOSES
M JUNAID AFZAL
HUSNAIN SADIQ
Group 12

Assignment # 4
Question#A

Solution:
basePgen =
0.8057 1.1818 1.0863
Ptarget =
307.3780
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =

12.4499
13.8010
13.1254
12.7877
12.6188
12.5343
12.5766
12.5555
12.5449
12.5396
12.5370
12.5357
12.5363
12.5360
12.5362
12.5362
12.5363

P1 P2 P3 = 73.26 112.81 102.62 Total Gen =

P1 P2 P3 = 200.00 150.00 180.00 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 136.63 150.00 147.85 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 104.94 131.64 125.23 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 89.10 122.23 113.92 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 81.18 117.52 108.27 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 85.14 119.87 111.10 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 83.16 118.70 109.68 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 82.17 118.11 108.98 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 81.67 117.81 108.62 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 81.42 117.67 108.45 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 81.30 117.59 108.36 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 81.36 117.63 108.40 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 81.33 117.61 108.38 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 81.35 117.62 108.39 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 81.35 117.62 108.40 Total Gen =
P1 P2 P3 = 81.35 117.62 108.40 Total Gen =

Total_gen_cost =
4.2374e+03
Iter MAXDP MAXDPbus MAXDQ MAXDQbus
1 0.906174 3 0.649412 4
2 0.043878 2 0.052019 6
3 0.000187 2 0.000250 5
Power Flow with Total Pgen =

307.370 Total Qgen =

11.452

288.68
530.00
434.47
361.81
325.25
306.96
316.11
311.54
309.25
308.11
307.54
307.25
307.39
307.32
307.36
307.38
307.38

Total PLoad= 300.000 Total Qload=

Total MW Losses =
7.370

45.000

Bus Vmag angle Pgen Qgen Pload Qload To Bus Pline Qline
1 1.070 0.00 81.349 24.934 0.000 0.000
2 7.151 4.846
4 41.199 13.719
5 32.999 6.369
2 1.050 -0.37 117.625 -16.776 0.000 0.000
1 -7.062 -9.163
3 -2.036 -2.895
4 65.008 -3.417
5 28.111 -0.503
6 33.604 -0.799
3 1.050 -0.09 108.396 3.294 0.000 0.000
2 2.038 -3.710
5 32.749 -4.938
6 73.609 11.942
4 1.023 -0.07
100.000 15.000
1 -40.346 -14.690
2 -63.089 5.106
5 3.435 -5.416
5 1.021 -0.08
100.000 15.000
1 -32.171 -9.828
2 -27.392 -1.630
3 -31.577 2.114
4 -3.410 -2.894
6 -5.451 -2.762
6 1.026 -0.07
100.000 15.000
2 -32.884 -2.533
3 -72.595 -9.028
5 5.480 -3.439
beta =
1.0000 0.9902 0.9920 1.0471 1.0526 1.0279
dPlossdP =
0 0.0098 0.0080 -0.0471 -0.0526 -0.0279
Penfac =
1.0000 1.0099 1.0081 0.9550 0.9500 0.9729
Penfac =
1.0000 1.0094 1.0079 0.9547 0.9498 0.9727

a)

basePgen =
1.1350 1.5000 0.4500
Ptarget =
308.4985
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =

15.0909
10.8545
12.9727
11.9136
12.4432
12.7079
12.8403
12.9065
12.8734
12.8900
12.8817
12.8775
12.8796

P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =

200.00
50.00
122.30
50.00
72.62
97.46
109.88
116.09
112.98
114.54
113.76
113.37
113.57

150.00
37.50
150.00
97.86
128.05
143.14
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00

45.00 Total Gen =

45.00 Total Gen =
45.00 Total Gen =
45.00 Total Gen =
45.00 Total Gen =
45.00 Total Gen =
45.00 Total Gen =
45.00 Total Gen =
45.00 Total Gen =
45.00 Total Gen =
45.00 Total Gen =
45.00 Total Gen =
45.00 Total Gen =

395.00
132.50
317.30
192.86
245.67
285.60
304.88
311.09
307.98
309.54
308.76
308.37
308.57

Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =

12.8786
12.8791
12.8788
12.8790

P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =

113.47
113.52
113.49
113.49

150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00

45.00
45.00
45.00
45.00

Total Gen =
Total Gen =
Total Gen =
Total Gen =

308.47
308.52
308.49
308.49

Total_gen_cost =
4.6698e+03
Iter MAXDP MAXDPbus MAXDQ MAXDQbus
1 1.197651 2 0.649412 4
2 0.055263 2 0.057720 5
3 0.000241 2 0.000316 5
Power Flow with Total Pgen = 308.498 Total Qgen = 15.696
Total PLoad= 300.000 Total Qload= 45.000
Total MW Losses =
8.498

Bus Vmag angle Pgen Qgen Pload Qload To Bus Pline Qline
1 1.070 0.00 113.498 15.770 0.000 0.000
2 17.314 -0.014
4 50.263 11.646
5 45.922 4.138
2 1.050 -1.65 150.000 -19.919 0.000 0.000
1 -17.048 -3.948
3 22.721 -7.225
4 60.258 -2.418
5 32.962 -1.838
6 51.106 -4.490
3 1.050 -4.71 45.000 19.845 0.000 0.000
2 -22.480 1.815
5 17.576 0.798
6 49.905 17.232
4 1.024 -0.09
100.000 15.000
1 -49.075 -11.282
2 -58.611 3.562
5 7.686 -7.280
5 1.022 -0.12
100.000 15.000
1 -44.408 -5.029
2 -31.976 0.501
3 -17.226 -5.406
4 -7.555 -0.831
6 1.165 -4.235
6 1.024 -0.13
100.000 15.000
2 -49.446 3.856
3 -49.392 -16.819
5 -1.163 -2.036

beta =
1.0000 1.0086 1.0437 1.0589 1.0774 1.0706
dPlossdP =
0 -0.0086 -0.0437 -0.0589 -0.0774 -0.0706
Penfac =
1.0000 0.9914 0.9582 0.9444 0.9281 0.9340
Penfac =
1.0000 0.9891 0.9563 0.9432 0.9267 0.9322

Graph:

Conclusion:
BY increasing the cost of generator 3, our economic dispatch is changed, now generator 3 is running on
minimum limit because its cost is greater. Second generator is operating on maximum limit now. Other
demand is fulfilled by generator 1. Total cost also increases by increasing cost. Due to change of
distribution of power on generators, power flow on buses also changes which results in greater loses
than before.

Question b:

Solution:
basePgen =
1.4398 1.5000 1.7315
Ptarget =
467.1299
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =
Lambda =

12.3359
13.8010
13.0685
13.4347
13.2516
13.1600
13.2058
13.2287
13.2401
13.2459
13.2430
13.2416
13.2423
13.2419
13.2418
13.2418
13.2419

P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =
P1 P2 P3 =

62.56
200.00
131.28
165.64
148.46
139.87
144.17
146.31
147.39
147.92
147.66
147.52
147.59
147.55
147.54
147.55
147.55

120.88
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00

107.97 Total Gen = 291.41

180.00 Total Gen = 530.00
157.79 Total Gen = 439.07
180.00 Total Gen = 495.64
170.24 Total Gen = 468.70
164.02 Total Gen = 453.89
167.13 Total Gen = 461.30
168.69 Total Gen = 465.00
169.47 Total Gen = 466.85
169.85 Total Gen = 467.78
169.66 Total Gen = 467.32
169.56 Total Gen = 467.08
169.61 Total Gen = 467.20
169.59 Total Gen = 467.14
169.57 Total Gen = 467.11
169.58 Total Gen = 467.13
169.58 Total Gen = 467.13

Total_gen_cost =
6.2910e+03
Iter MAXDP MAXDPbus MAXDQ MAXDQbus
1 1.518017 3 0.574412 4
2 0.037973 2 0.080214 6
3 0.000349 2 0.000768 5
Power Flow with Total Pgen = 467.141 Total Qgen = 66.547
Total PLoad= 450.000 Total Qload= 67.500
Total MW Losses =
17.141
Bus Vmag

angle

Pgen

Qgen

Pload Qload To Bus Pline Qline

1 1.070

2 1.050

3 1.050

4 1.002

5 0.995

6 1.008

0.00 147.560 30.798 0.000 0.000

2 21.891 -2.112
4 70.500 20.595
5 55.169 12.315
-2.22 150.000 14.784 0.000 0.000
1 -21.473 -1.545
3 -6.770 -1.897
4 90.960 7.774
5 39.307 5.903
6 47.976 4.549
-1.31 169.581 20.965 0.000 0.000
2 6.792 -4.610
5 49.670 -0.481
6 113.119 26.056
-0.12
150.000 22.500
1 -68.101 -15.294
2 -87.172 -2.304
5 5.273 -4.902
-0.14
150.000 22.500
1 -52.869 -10.094
2 -37.846 -5.705
3 -46.979 1.080
4 -5.216 -2.956
6 -7.090 -4.825
-0.12
150.000 22.500
2 -46.481 -5.572
3 -110.664 -15.899
5 7.145 -1.029

beta =
1.0000 1.0082 1.0053 1.0892 1.1006 1.0635
dPlossdP =
0 -0.0082 -0.0053 -0.0892 -0.1006 -0.0635
Penfac =
1.0000 0.9918 0.9948 0.9181 0.9086 0.9403
Penfac =
1.0000 0.9901 0.9935 0.9171 0.9074 0.9389

Graph:

Conclusion:
By increasing casemult total load is increased from 307 Mw to 467 Mw. So we have to increase
our generation to meet the demand. Our loses also increased due to greater power flow on all
buses and due to increase in reactive power. Our incremental cost as well as total generation
cost also increases. Generator 2 is now running on maximum limit its cost is low. Then we are
meeting our major demand by generator 3 and than remaining by generator 1. Generator is
first operating on 81 Mw now on 147 Mw due to increase in load..