2 Ina 1,550-L batch reactor, an enzymatic reaction is used to produce an industrially useful product. The kinetic parameters for the ‘specific enzyme in use are as follows: Yinax = 0.91 g L* fr"; Kn = 1.5 gL". The starting substrate concentration for a single batch is 2.9L. Formation ofthe produc formed s sfcchiomstrcaly-related othe amount ofthe substrate consumed with a mass rato of 4.20); .00 (product: substrate). Operation cost, which includes labour, maatainange, and energy and ules, is ofcourse ‘roporional tothe time thatthe reactor operates an is es mated to be P216,000 pe dey, After the reaction, the resuling regcion ‘mixcure contains the product, residual substat, and tho enzyme. Thus dowastveam processing is naaced te putly the mxure. Product recovery cost depends on two factors: (1) substrate conversion (2) product concentration on the resulting reaction mixture. This can be approximated using the equation below: c= 6975-1485 x {for conversions between 70% and 100%) where: tin BAP (Phlippine pase) per kllogram of product tested X= substrate convorsion in percentage ‘Assume a negigible product lass curing purification. The product can be sold in the market having a price of P33,750 per kg ‘product. I the current operation s set for 75% substrate conversion per batch, {@) Estimate the company's net income from seling the product, tha is excluding al the cosls, in PaPbatch. (v) Your boss proposed to operate the bioreactor untl @0% substrate conversion is achieved, validate the effect of thi Will the net Income per batch will increase or decrease? By how much? (6) Asa neml-rired bioprocess engineer, you want to maximize the n ‘conversion should you propose? come as to impress your superiors. What substrate Aspartic acid is produced by an enzymatic reaction. Aspartase, the enzyme in use, converts the fumaric acid and ammonia to aspartic acid, which s incustraly useful as sugar substkute (aspartame). The reaction is shown below: GiHiOa + NHs © CoH ON Wichaals-Menten kinetics can be used for a ood approximation ofthe reaction kinetics with Ke = 4.0 L. The solution containing ‘he substrate, ammonium fumarato, is in 15% (wiv). Thats, 15.0 g substrate per 100 mL solution. The enzyme i added and the batch reecor is run unt 85% of substrate is converted info product. The effect of temperature is given as a priori and shown in the ‘able below: Temperature EC] Gage ry Erayme halite days] 2 590 1050 7 350. 230 (a) Estimate tre batch reaction time for both temperatures. Which operating temperature would you recommend? (b) ftre dumang, clearing, and assambiing time, which accounts for tne dawntime, is approxmataly 28 hours per batch, at tha temperature chosen in (2), what reactor volume ig needed to produce 4000 tonnes of aspartic acd per year? HINT: As hal-ifeis given forthe two temperatures, it simply means that enzymes experience some deactivation along withthe ‘reaction, Recal that deactivaion can be modeled using fst-order kinetics: Rate of deactivation (2= -dfE]aal0= ba [Eloae Liver alcohol dehycrogenases (ADH) is relatively norsgecitc ts normal substrate is ethanol, however, it wil oxidize other primary ‘aicohols, such as methanol, to their corresponding aldehydes. n the case of methancl this produces formaldehyde, whichis quite toxc and can lead to blindness, Mistakngitfor the cheap wine she usually prefers, my dog Lul ingested about 26 mL. of windshield washer fhid, which is an aqueous solution of 50% viv methanol. | knew that methano) would be eventualy excreted by Luvs Kianeys is oxidation to formaicenyde could ne blocked; | also knew that etnandl could act as a compettiveinhibior of methanol ‘oxidation by ADH. Not wantng to become a seeing.eye human to a blind aoc, | decided to afer my pooen some her favorite hooch, Miter Genuine Drat (MD), a tasteless brew thet contains 4.2% viv etnanol. How much MGD, in mL, must my Lulu ‘consume in orderto ower the actity of hr ADH on methanol io 6% of ts uninibted value, i the KM values for canine ADH ere 4 tN for ethanol anc 10 mM for methanot? (Assume the Ki for ethanol nits role a8 a competve inhibitor of methanol oxidaton isthe ‘same as its KM. Both methanol and ethanol wil quiclydistrbute throughout Luu’s 17 L of body Aids. The densities ofboth methanol ane etnanol are 0.79 gin,5. Decarboryiation of clyoxalale (8) by mitcchoncra is inhibited by malonate (!). Using the folowing data obiained in batch experiments, determine te folowing: Glyox. § aM) Rate of CO> evolution, vj Lh) T=0 [= 1.25 mM T2195 aM O35 102 O73 056 033 1.39 0.87 0.75 0.40 167 1.09 08s 0.50 1.89 1.30 1.00 0.60 2.08 141 1.28) O7s 2.44 182 139) 1.00 2.50 217 1a 2) What ype of inhibition is this? Use the most appropriate pot for dentfying type of inhibition, b) Determine the kinetic parameters, vx, K.", and X. Use tha most appropriate pict for estimating kinetic parameters.4) Ve 6b (Batch Rorcber) Ae oman fee healt \e aaah FE 100 (qretueh 47m fee. poreured) Be # FaWwcce /day Pres cane - ee x (ger ne -t00f aenwersin) Le of eube. comersion Feed thee FO ie poet. Xe FEL (current epson) A) teh mcome # Pied. Tes = Opceet - Preest | F/n2ak] - aL, Ne El oe km + Oe] tain le + (Iele- [el # vet — FRO @ KL: [Els one [ee retar ale omy er: Ez taes te | fr] -(14l. - ED (-%) = aig mes @elq[)(ecet) « tote eg fae,coo oc Z a » horea ee o "bee Pancra8/, Prec ore WEE (TE) * Peele Jy fo ree PERE cHce . ky trea. wee * — « Tae,zn-ca] bak, 2 TP Pay yco % thetiee ur tine ene, Wyre “ey 2 [het ere Pre, Ht [pacha b) Xe 0%, net incomes 7 © xeeZ; [ele ow[el, + o-ana in BYE 4+ 0.2070 le TPL (e1e- fel )(-00) = sree ate wrt (Pt 3) (ere UL) heetog fo ece Teeccs . ati Saree be Ten vet | ente - Wheel) » Peses.e /ty pew texte ES aoc ad Sate Paz.o3e-co /Lteh * Avete WPA 2 pee eter /Lath ; pach lhe Wome 2 Pte, Tet {a Le ineroncoct Wey Tester ce/iad. TEL, at Vem (ex) vm povre + (ome wos) » [x1cle (2r(cee] free (teem) a [xfa, (ezep Gore 5 Wak howe (oem) xe esncery] - cage | here y xa. 8)" Ve Tove ~via x) [ates Cemsien| fet Irene = eH 2Bx 4 2182WOAX*~ Wyeae-t6 In ( ve AGed weore) | te, to. oe + 2(0. - a oe + A(o-B0I008) YX - Ipsec | Gx 72sis eo 0 Emer) sevenigys Xk Met eee rex baer hh Troy nte it [lente Pte, cit 2 /tenteh Pett 04 / bate ert, o-lede qe% Gao Le Aghesd ret ema cchinved when Keer: 10it nae ee ee vege por eet ae meee Deer Ve ned, Reragere, mame letches ann We ane per mien omks ap Hime ond ines mcerst pretaced pos bectch-Bl conn Tel - [eh 1 e ee be eee ee 2 way, Oxroee : [cleo [ees eal _ ate | fl ie er) - Keagey- aude vee aH 1 @ sae Wnt SPAY Eres Vee Cea Nw ka [Eo wee Vel e vme™ Nes Yeee SS iret -ordag demctivnt Hinekce fore ka: et ea [Elective Vn te net aencherh beak vate enckivelnon, ~hak [late + [Fhe bets Uele = Yow. later © pe tet * wee [ee] kat - Aidan ota [Flatie . Fes Test] e ‘ : waft sy Ee aes re fut els oemfel. Wn awe baty, Ze kee Ade: Ina me o-ccoe1 oscomte" owe we DE see ay or o1eee tet [he noesevett ave eve tt, (em)e ~ (40d. Bea © fewye et at we 15 ‘ce - kate = + (fee-te]) + a) e wetn Be +(e) Boy l Cre: ae conee = @ere- en : : neenees_ to WE Cpete- fe) ones) ( ) alee tobe Zo shenten tone aoetny O Bre b) dam 2 19D bee ) ees y 4 hep HERS We neh Heep itch (ore) 2) Leteches - eve), — 16. ek mies iene mo Tas ol es fa mney . aa ae EE OO eas) ony 2 [ans eee a Lana ain awa) te) se] = tee] lt m4 Hl whete: [e] + [Meow] q we Led i ~ tre a a cerbieed ort) Fe) 2 ovenott Kr em Kno om carl, sells v et enpetine biabitiens SE ET ta whee Wage «he [1+ SO Ae Lowen, he - Wp ieven mobersk 5g Vp 20eVu SL oe onli deco: Vy + mote vetectty (Inbihest) wine Vag + ke wake (itt? coors eerste] [x] « c.ccect Fohing pom] Mgr SeeseT My EL + LlezD mel EtOH fa mee but pd x MI. oo.enceg BOW ml Eton cs.cteg x = = GFT ml EHOW Ag wl Ver - GR * _120 mi Mepal 0) Type of Inhibition 0 ke Le f Use Linvcave - Bork Pbk: * +e (6 ee ec [bom ferro: yromtx 4 outers yoink rb ate fre Te tase: yo peax 4 ons | pelasivady eure PRT sbaead: yrodsty 40.tesd 2 5) vn be ve pmemmslete Fetiation: Use Hanae: wy Fe 9 ppt fndic Sie Lo y ‘i Ye 4 b FPR THM: Yoo 93x 40.97G a ket ave) (708) = 2 2109 mM = Kmape pew Hing [eee 2.2169 mM kr A fet Wn, we dake pee Teo yx 0, 1tex 40 WT ine te role Ne ame 7 ET fel = (ete) (Geviae) = oF TE MH + 0-TE eM Pee teu nue oeremm [4 LE Ke atm