DENTAL OCCLUSION

Occlusion is defined as the normal relation of the occlusal inclined planes of the teeth when the jaws are closed.
Occlusion means the contact relationships of the teeth. The contacts are generally edges or points touching other edges,
points, or areas.
MALOCCLUSION
An abnormal occlusion in which teeth are not in a normal position in relation to adjacent teeth in the same jaw and/or the
opposing teeth when the jaws are closed.
CLASSIFICATION OF MALOCCLUSION
1. Class I
2. Class II : division 1
division 2
3. Class III
CLASSIFICATION OF MALOCCLUSION
CLASS I MALOCCLUSION
Angles class I malocclusion is characterized by normal arch relationship.
Normal class I molar relation where the mesiobuccal cusp of the upper first permanent molar occludes with the
mesiobuccal groove of the lower first molar.
CLASS II MALOCCLUSION
exhibits class II molar relation where the distobuccal cusp of the upper first permanent molar occludes with the buccal
groove of the lower first molar.
Division 1 :
Class II molar relation with proclined maxillary anterior teeth with resultant increase in over jet.
Patient often lacks on anterior lip seal due to short upper lip.
In addition patient may place lower lip against the palatal surface of upper incisors.
Division 2 :
Class II molar relation with retroclined upper central incisors that are overlapped by lateral incisors
Patient have deep bite
Variation in form are lingually inclined central and lateral incisors with canines labially tipped.
CLASS III MALOCCLUSION
exhibits class III molar relation where the mesiobuccal cusp of the upper first permanent molar occludes in the interdental
space between lower first and second molar.
Incisors may be in edge-to-edge relation or anterior crossbite may occur.
Posterior crossbite are also common
OTHER TERMINOLOGIES
OVERBITE/DEEPBITE: The vertical overlapping of the mandibular incisors by the maxillary incisors when the jaws are
in occlusion.
OVERJET: The horizontal overlapping of the mandibular incisors by the maxillary incisors when the jaws are in
occlusion.
OTHER TERMINOLOGIES
OPEN BITE: A condition in which opposing teeth do not occlude.
OTHER TERMINOLOGIES
CROSS BITE: An abnormal relation of one or more teeth in one arch to its antagonist in the other arch due to a deviation
of tooth or jaw position.
Anterior cross-bite: One or more maxillary incisors are positioned lingually to the mandibular incisors when in
occlusion.
Posterior cross-bite: One or more maxillary posterior teeth are positioned palatally to the mandibular posterior
teeth when in occlusion.
DENTAL PROSTHESIS
- DR. PARIKSHYA SHRESTHA

DEFINITION
Replacement of an absent part of teeth of the human body by biocompatible artificial part.
Types
Fixed
Removable
FIXED PROSTHESIS
It is fixed in patients mouth and cannot be removed by the patient themselves.
Types
Dental implants
Bridge
Crown
DENTAL IMPLANTS
Used to replace a single lost tooth or many missing teeth
Is a titanium screw that is placed into the jawbone, which serves as replacement for root portion of missing
natural tooth.
Serves as anchor for tooth replacement
On top of implant crown or bridge is fabricated.
CROWN
It is a dental prosthesis restoring the anatomy, function and esthetics (cosmetic) part of all of the coronal portion
of the natural tooth.
BRIDGE
It is tooth borne partial denture that is permanently attached to the teeth or roots that give support to the
restoration.
Care of fixed prosthesis
Brush teeth twice daily
Rinsing of mouth after every food helps remove the food lodged under the pontic
Use floss to remove the plaque or food debris present between bridge/crown and adjacent natural tooth
Failures in Fixed partial denture
Cementation failure
Crown or brigde is loose and comes out.
In such case, recementation is done.
Mechanical breakdown
fracture of metal may be due to inadequate thickness of metal or improper occlusal contacts
In such case, repeat the crown with enough thickness and proper occlusion
Gingival breakdown/ irritation
Plaque retention due to poor oral hygiene or rough margin
Management : maintain oral hygiene, remake the crown with proper margin design.
Caries and pain
not in dental implants
Due to short margin cervical caries may occur
Management : if possible, restoration of tooth, if needed, with root canal treatment (RCT)
REMOVABLE PROSTHESIS
Prosthesis for replacement of missing tooth or teeth that can be removed by the patient themselves
Types :
Complete denture
Partial denture

Complete denture : Dental prosthesis that replaces all of the natural dentition and associated structures of maxilla and
mandible.
Removable partial denture (RPD) : Partial denture that replaces one or more teeth but not all and can be readily placed
in moved and removed by wearer
REMOVABLE PROSTHESIS
Care of removable prosthesis
Should be cleaned after every meal
At night, it should be removed and thoroughly cleaned with mild soap and water and soaked in clean water
Denture problems and complaints
Pain
may be due to roughness in fitting surface, retained root, excessive load, etc
Looseness
Poor ridge form, improper extension
Burning mouth

Sensitivity to acrylic monomer, xerostomia

Recurrent fracture
Denture stomatitis
Infection with candida, poor denture hygiene, night time wear of denture
Treatment: maintain hygiene, remove denture at night, topical antifungal
Cheek biting
Gagging
Grossly resorbed ridge