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1
Hmw kap-mkw
Hmw kn-Zm-\-t-iz-cm-b- \-tam -\ax
kXymY-{]-Imiw
Cuiz-c-\m-a--fpsS hymJym\w
Hmw itm an{Xx iw hcpWx itm `hXzcy-am.
ifCt{m- _r-l-kv]Xnx itm hnjvWp-cp-cp-{I-ax.
\tam {_tW \akvtX hmtbm -Xz-tah {]Xyw {_m-kn.
Xzmtah {]Xyw {_- h-Zn-jyman EXw hZn-jyman kXyw hZn-jym-an.
Xam-a-hXp XZz-m-c-a-h-Xp. AhXp ama-hXp hm-c-av.
Hmw imnmnmnx 1
AYw: (Hmw) A, D, av Fo aqp hW
IqSn-tp-mb HmwIm-c-]Zw Cuizcs Fm \ma-t[-bfnepw hv, kthm-a-am-bn-p--Xm-Ip-p. Cu \ma-t[-b-n
]c-ta-iz-cs At\Iw \ma- Dsmpp. Cu HmwIm-c-ns Ah-b-h-amb AImcwsImv hncm-Sv, An, hniz apX-emb t]cpItfbpw; DImcw sImv lnc-Wy-K`, hmbp,
ssXP-k XpS-nb t]cp-I-sfbpw; aImcw
sImv Cuiz-c, BZn-Xy, {]m apXemb t]cp- I - t fbpw kw{K- l n- p- p. Cu
]d \ma--sf-mw 2 {]I-c-W--f\p-k-cnv
kth-iz-c-s\--s-bmWv Ipdnbvp-sXv
thZw apX-emb kXy-im-kv{X--fn kv]jvSambn hymJym-\n-n-p-v.
tNmZyw: hncmSv apX-emb ]Z- k-th-izc-\n \nv `n-f-mb ap ]ZmY--sfFp-sImv Ipdn-bvp-n? {_mWvUw,
]rYn-hymZn]-`q-X-, C{mZntZh-X-I
1. ssX-cob Bc-WyIw-7.1
2. "Hmw' apX-emb \ma--sfmw FYw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c-\m-a--fpsS hymJym\w
n- s p {]tbm- P \w? \n\v Ah- k - c m\w C. As-n \o GXp ka-bv
Fp sImp-h-c-Wtam AXp-Xs sImph-cp-am-bn-cp-p. k`-ta-Xm-sWp \o Nnnn-. \o aqV-\m-Wv. Fs ASp- \np
s]mbvsm-p-I.'' FhnsS GXv AYs
{Kln-p-X
- mtWm DNn-Xw, AhnsS B AYw
Xs {Kln--Ww. \msamw C{]-Imcw XsbmWp hnNm-cn-t--Xp-sav CXn\np
knn-p-p.
a{-ns AYw
1. Hmw Jw {_. (bPpcvthZw40.17)
t\mpI thZ--fn Cu amXn-cn-bp
{]I-c-W--fn "Hmw' apX-emb i_vZ-
kth-iz-cs t]cp-I-fm-bnmWv
{]tbm-Kn-n-p--Xv.
2. Hman-tXy-X-Z--c-ap-ZvKo-Y-ap-]m-koX.
(OmtmtKym]\n-jXv1.1)
3. Hman-tXy-X-Z--c-anZw kcvhw. Xtkym]
hymJym\w (amWvUqtIym]-\n-jXv1.1)
4. kcvth thZm bXv]-Z-am-a-\n X]mwkn
kcvhm-Wn N bZzZn bZn-tm
{_-Ncyw Ncn Xt ]Zav
kw{K-tlW {_ho-taym-an-tXy-XX.v
(I-tTm]-\n-jXv hn 2.15)
5. {]im-kn-Xmcw kcvth-jm-a-Wobmav
ka-tWm-c]n. cpIvam`w kz]v\[o-Kayav
hnZymw ]pcpjw ]cav (a-\pkvarXn12.122)
6. GX-anw hZtytI a\p-at\y
{]Pm-]Xnw. C{-tatI ]tc {]mW-a-]tc
{_- im-izXav (a-\pkvarXn12.123)
7. k {_m k hnjvWpx
k cp-{Z- in-htmfc ]cax kzcm-Sv.
k C{ Imem-n N{amx 5
8. C{w an{Xw hcp-W-anamlp-ctYm
Znhy k kp]cvtWm Kcp-flm.
GIw kZzn{]m _lp[m hZ-ynw
baw amX-cn-izm-\-amlpx. (EtKzZw1.164.46)
9. - `q-ckn `qan-c-ky-Zn-Xn-ckn
hniz[mbm hnizky `ph-\ky [cv{Xo
]rYn-hnw -b ]rYnhow ZrMvl
]rYnhow am lnMvkox. (b-PpcvthZw13.18)
5 ssIh-teym-]-\n-jXv (1.8)
Hmw kap-mkw
10. Ct{m am tcmZko ]{]-Y-h C{x
kqcyatcm-N-bXv. Ct{ -l -hnizm
`ph-\m-\n -tb-anc Ct{ kzm\mk C-hx.
(km-athZw6.8.2.)
11. {]mWmb \tam bky kcvh-anZw hti.
tbm `qXx kcvh-tky-iztcm bkvanv
kcvhw {]Xn-jvTn-Xav (A-Ycvhth-Zw11.4.1)
AYw:- Cu {]am-W--sfmw ChnsS FSps-gp-Xp--Xns Xmev]cyw, CuamXn-cn-bp
hN-\--fn, hXp t]mse, HmwImcw apXem- b ]Z- v ]c- a m- X v a mhv FY- a msWp ImW-n-pI am{X-am-Ip-p. \n\mcm-bn-p--hv "[\-]Xn" apX-emb t]cp-I
CSm-dp-v. Ah tIhew \ncY-IfmW-tm.
AXp t]mse \ncY-I-amb t]cp-I Cuizc\n-. Cuiz-cs t]cp-Iv Nne-bn-Sv
sKuWnIhpw ap Nne-bn-Sp Iman-Ihpw
thsd Nne-bn-Sp kzm`m-hn-I-hpamb 6 AY-fm-Wp--Xv.
1. (Hmw Jw)"Hmw' "Jw' Fp XpS-nb DZml-cW
-
- f
- n Hmm-cmZn kwIv AYap-v. ""Ah-Xo-tXymav. BIm-i-an-h- hym-]-IXzmXv Jw. kcvtht`ym _rl-XzmZv {_.''.
cn-bvp--Xp-sImv Hmw Fpw BImiw
t]mse khhym]nbm- b Xp sImv "Jw'
Fpw, as- n- t \- mfpw hep- X m- I - b m
"{_' sapw kth-iz-c\p t]cp-I Dmbn.
2. (Hm-an-tXy) "Hmw' bmsXm-ns \ma-t[b-amtWm bmsXmv Hcn-epw \in-p-ntbm AXn-s\-bm-Wv D]m-kn-t-Xv; asmn-s\-b-.
3. (Hm-an-tXy-X) "Hmw' ]c-am-flm-hns Fm
\ma--fnepw shv Ghpw {][m-\-hpw \nP-hpamb \ma-am-sWp kI-e-th-Zm-Zn-im-kv{X-fnepw ]d-b-s-n-p-v. ap t]cp-I-sfmw
sKuWnI--fm-Wv.
4. (kcvh-thZmx ) kIe thZ-fpw, [am\p-jvTm-\-cq-]--fmb X]-p-Ifpw bmsXmns\ {]iw-kn-bvp-Ibpw BZ-cn-p-Ibpw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
sNp-pthm, bmsXmns\ {]m]n-bvp-hm\p C-sImp a\p-jy {_-N-cym-{ias A\p-jvTn-p-pthm AXns t]cv Hmw
Fm-Ip-p.
5. ({]-im-kn-Xm-c-av) Fm-hpw in\Ip-h\pw, kqva--fn shp kqvaX-a\pw, kzbw {]Im-i-kz-cq-]\pw, kam-[n-amb _pn-sImv Adn-bp-hm tbmKy-\p-ambn-p Ah ]c-a-]p-cp-j\
-- m-sW--dn-b-Ww.
6. (G-Xa
-
- n-av) {]Imikzcq-]\
- m-bX
- p-sImv
An Fpw, hnm-\-kz-cq-]-\m-b-Xp-sImv
a\p Fpw, Fm-h-tcbpw ]men-p--XpsIm
v {]Pm-]Xn Fpw, ]c-ssa-izcyimen-bm-Ibm C{ Fpw, Fm-n-sbpw \ne\nev]n\v aqe-Im-c-W-am-I-bm {]mW Fpw,
\nc- c 7 hym- ] - I - a m- b n- c n- p- XpsImv
{_w Fpw Cuiz-c\p t]cp hp.
7. (k-{_m k hnjvWpx) temIw apgp-h\pw
krjvSn-Xp ImcWw {_mhv 8 Fpw, Fmbn-Spw hym]n-n-cn-p--Xp-sImv hnjvWp
Fpw, ZpjvS
- msc innp hne-]n-np-Xp
sImv cp{Z Fpw, kzbw awK-f-kz-cq-]\pw
ap- - h v awK- f - { ]- Z- \ p- a m- I - b m inh
Fpw, B kth-iz-c\v t]cp-I hp.
1 bx kcvhaiv\ptX \ c-Xn \ hn\iyXn
XZ-cw
2 bx kzbw cmPtX k kzcm-Sv.
3 tbmfn-cnh Imex Ie-bnXm {]f-b-Im
k Imem-n-co-izc:
Acx F ]Z- n\v kh- h ym]nbpw \mi-c-ln-X-\pam-bn-p--h FY
amWv. kzbw {]Im-i-kz-cq-]-am-b-Xp-sIm-mWv
kzcmSv F t]cp h-Xv. {]f-b-Im-e-n
kakvXhkvXp--fp-sSbpw Ime\pw, Imes
Ime-\p-am-bXpsImpw Cuiz-cs\ Imem-n
Fp hnfn-p-p.
8. (C{w an{Xav ) bmsXm-v, AZzn-Xo-bhpw,
kXy-{_-h
- p-amb hkvXp-hm-Ip-p-thm, AXn\v
C{ apX-emb t]cp-If
- p-v. "Zypjp iptjp
]ZmcvtYjp `hm Znhyx' {]Ir-XymZn Znhy-
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c-\m-a--fpsS hymJym\w
HmwImcw ]c-ta-iz-c\p am{X-ap \mat[-b-amWv. An apX-emb \ma--fn \nv Cuiz-cs\p {Kln-p-Xp {]I-c-W-sbpw hntij--sfbpw A\p-k-cn-m-Wv. CXn \np
knn-p-X
- v, GtXXp m\-fn kvXpXn,
{]mY-\, D]m-k\ apX-emb {]I-c-W--fpw,
kh-, kh-hym-]n, ip, k\m-X\, krjvSn-Imhv apX-emb hnti-j-Wfpw D]-tbm-Kn-n-ptm Ahn-sS-sbmw Cu
\ma- Cuiz- c - h m- N n- b m- s W- t{X.
Fm:
XtXm- hn-cmU-Pm-b-X- hn-cmtPm A[n ]qcpjx
(b-PpcvthZw 31.5)
t{im{Xm-Zzm-bp {]mW apJm-Z
- ncPmbX
(b-PpcvthZw 31.12)
tX\ tZhm Ab-P (b-PpcvthZw 31.9)
]m-Zv`q-an-atYm ]pcx (b-PpcvthZw 31.5)
XkvamZzm GX-kvam-Zm-fl\ BIm-ix -kw-`qXx
BIm-im-Zzm-bpx. hmtbm-cnx. Atcm]x.
AZv`yx ]rYnho. ]rYnhym Hmj-[-bx. Hmj[n-t`ymf-w. Am-t{ZXx tcXkx ]pcp-jx 10.
k hm Gj ]pcp-tjm-f--c-k-abx
(ssX-n-co-tbm-]-\n-j-Zz-N-\w) 11
Ccw {]am-W--fn hncm-Sv, ]pcp-j,
tZh, BIm-iw, hmbp, An, Pew, `qan
CXymZn ]Z- eu-In-I]
- Z- mY-sfpdn-pp. Fs-m GtXXp e--fn Dev]n, nXn, {]f-bw, Aev]-, PUw,
Zriyw Fp XpS-nb hnti-j-W- {]tbmKn-n-ptm Ahn-sS-sbpw Cuiz-c-s\
AYw {Kln--cp-Xv. Cuiz-c Dev]-ymZn
hyh-lm-c--Xo-X-\m-Wv. Chn-sS--d
a{--fn Dev]-ym-Zn-I ]d-n-cn-pXn\m ChnsS hncmSv apX-emb ]Z--fn
\nv euIn-I-]-ZmY-sf am{Xw {Kln--Ww.
Cuiz-c-s\Ysa-Sp--cp-Xv. kh- apXemb hnti-j ImWp-n-Sv ]c-amflm
hnt\bpw CmtZzj- , kpJ- Z px- J -
Aev]
Xzw apX-emb hnti-jW
-
- ImWp-
Hmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Cuizcx BImiw XpS-nb kIe `qX-fpw
bmsXm- c p- h - \ n {]th- i np nXn- s Nppthm AYhm Ch-I-fn-semw {]th-inv
Fpw \ndp hn-p-pthm Ah
hniz. AXv Cuiz-c-\m-I-bm hniz-i_vZw
Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-bn.
hncm-Sv, An, hniz Fo \ma-sfmw HmwIm-c-nse AIm-c-am-{X-bn \nv
{Kln-t--Xm-Wv.
"D'
lnc-Wy-K`: ""tPymXnssh lncWyw 16
tXtPm ssh lnc-Wyw 17 CssXy-X-tcbiX]Y{_m-tW. 18 tbm lnc-Wym\mw kqcymZo\mw tXPkmw Kcv` Dev]n \nan--a-[nI-cWw k lnc-Wy-Kcv`x'' tXP-kzn-I-fmb
kqcymZntemI- bmsXm-n \nv DZv`hn-p-Ibpw bmsXm-ns\ B{i-bnv \ne\np-Ibpw sNp-pthm AXv lnc-WyK`. AYhm tXP-kz-cq-]--fmb kqcymZn
]ZmY--fpsS Dev]-n-m-\hpw Ccn-n-S-hpambn hn-p-Xv lnc-Wy-K`. AXv
Cuiz-c-\-msX am-cp-a-. AXn-\m lnc-WyK` F \maw Cuiz-c-t-Xm-Wv. CXn\v
{]am-W-ambn bPpth-Z-a{w t\mpI: lncWy-Kcv`x ka-hcvX
- mt{K `qX-ky P
- mXx ]XntcI BkoXv. k Zm-[mc ]rYnhow ZymaptXamw Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a. (bPp. 13.4) Ccw k`--fn lnc-Wy-K`
]Zw Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Wv.
hmbp: ""hm, KXn-K--\tbmx'' 19 F
[mXp-hn \nv 'hmbp' knn-p-p. K\av
lnwk-\av 20 K\w F ]Z-n\v lnwk\w
FY-am-Wv. "tbm hmXn Ncmf-Ncw PK-cXn (Po-hb
- Xn {]e-b
- n) _en\mw _enjvTx
k hmbpx' Ncm-N-cm-fl-I-amb `ph-\s [cn-
tm Pohm-flm-hnt\bpw {Kln--W-sa-Xv
kmh-{XnI \nb-a-am-Wv. ]c-ta-iz-c\p P\-\-a-cW- Hcn-epw kw`-hn-p-n-. AXn-\m
hncm-SmZn \ma--fmepw PmZn hnti-j-W-fmepw PK-nse PUhpw Pohm-Zn-]Z- mY-fpw
Fv {K-ln--Ww. Cuiz-c-s\ AYw kzoIcn--cp-Xv.
hncm-SmZn \ma--fm F{]-Imcw Cuiz-cs\ AYw {Kln-p-hm Ign-bp-p-shv
Adn-bp-hm Xmsg-sm-Sp-p {]am-W-
t\mp-I.
12 [mXp-]mTw1.569
13 [mXp-]mTw1.115
14 AK-,AKn, C-[mXp]mTw1.538,1.88, 2.38
15 [mXp-]mTw6.133
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c-\m-a--fpsS hymJym\w
hn \nv {]-i_vZw Dm-Ipp. {]
i_v Z n XnX{]Xy- b w 27 tNm
{]m]Zw DmIpw bx {]Ir--jvS-Xbm NcmfN- c ky PKtXm hyh- l mcw Pm\mXn k
{]x. {] Gh {]mx. kqW {`ac-ln-X-amb bYmY-m-\-tm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw
kI-e-N-cm-N-c--fp-sSbpw hyh-lm-c-sf icnbmbn Adn-bp-Xpw kh--\p-amb Cuizcs \ma-t[-b-amWv {]m F ]Zw.
Cuiz-c, BZn-Xy, {]m Fo
\ma- HmwIm-c-nse aIm-c-n \np
{Kln--h-bm-Wv. HmwIm-c-n-e-`hn aqp
am{X-If
- n Hmtcm-n-sebpw aqv AYw hoXw
ChnsS hymJym-\n-p. CXp-t]mse thsdbpw
At\-I-\m-a- HmwIm-c-n A`-hn-npv
19 [mXp]mTw1.698
22 {]m-`n-`y (AjvSm[ymbn5.4.38)
F kq{X-m {]m-Zn-bpsS BIrXn
KW-m kzmY-n "AWv'{]Xybw.
23 [mXp]mTw2.10
24 [mXp]mTw4.39
25 ZnXy-Zn-Xym-Zn-Xy-]X
- yp-c ]ZmWyx (AjvSm[ymbn4.1.85)
F kq{X{]-Imcw {]mKvZo-hy-Xo-bmY-n "Wy'
{]Xybw hv BZn-Xy-kn-n. kzmY-n XnX
{]Xy-ba
- mWv aljo-aX
- w. "NmXpcvhcvWym-Zo\mw
kzmY D]-kw-Jym-\av' F alm-`mjyhmXnI
{]Imcw (alm-`mjyw5.1.124) kzmY-n "jyRv'
{]Xybw. NmXphWymZn BIr-Xn-KW
- a
- m-Wv.
26 [mXp]mTw9.40
27 {]m-Zn-`y (AjvSm[ymbn5.4.38) F
kq{X-{]-Imcw kzmY-n "A' {]Xybw
Hmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
flt\m hrtWmXn; bx injvssScvapap-p-`n[cvam-fl`nx {hnbtX hcv-tX hm k hcpWx
]c-ta-izcx'' BcmtWm tbmKnI-tfbpw hnZzmm-tcbpw apn-bm-{K-ln-p--h-tc-bpw apm- t c- b pw [a- n \njv T - b p- - h - t cbpw
AwKo-I-cn-p-Xv AYhm injvT-mcpw apapp-fpw ap-mcpw [am-flm-fpw Bsc
AwKo-I-cn-p-pthm B Cuiz-c-\t{X hcpW. IqSmsX ""hcp-tWm-\ma hcx t{ijvTx''
AXm-bXv hcp-W\v t{ijvT FY-ap-v.
Cuiz-c Fm-h-tc-mfpw t{ijvT-\m-b-XpsImv At-l-ns\ hcp-W-s\p hnfn-mhp--Xm-Wv.
Acyamx ""E, KXn{]m]-W-tbmx'' 32 F
[mXp-hn bXv 33 {]Xybw Iqn-tm
Acy i_vZw knn-pw. Acy- i-_vZ-]qh-Iamb "amMv, amt\i_vtZ N' 34 F [mXphn I\n 35 {]Xybw tN-m Acyam
F ]Zhpw hypev]--am-Ipw. tbmfcvbym
kzmant\m \ymbm-[-oim anaotX am\ym
ItcmXn tkmfcyam'' kXyhpw \ymbhpw A\pjvTn-p a\p-jysc am\n-p-Ibpw ]pWy]m]- sNp--hv AXm-Xns ^es
bYmXY-ambn \Ip-Ibpw sNp Cuiz-cs
t] "Acya' Fm-Ip-p.
C{: ""CZn, ]c-ssa-iz-tcy'' 36F [mXphn c 37 {]Xybw tNp-X
- m-bm C{
F ]Zw Dm-Ipw. ""b CXn ]c-ssa-iz-cyhm `hXn k C{x ]c-ta-izcx'' kIe
sFiz-cy--tfmSpw IqSnb Cuiz-cs t]
C{ Fm-Wv.
_rl-kv]Xn: _rlXv F ]Zw D]-]-Zambnp ""]m, ctW'' 38 F [mXp-hn
UXn {]Xy-bw 39 tNv D]-]-Z-nse XIm-
32 [mXp]mTw1.670
33 Acyx- kzmansshiytbmx (AjvSm[ym-bn3.1.103)
F-Xn "kzman' FY-n "bXv' {]Xy-bm-a
- mb
\n]mXw sNbvXn-cn-p-p.
34 [mXp]mTw3.6
35 izp-...-Ac
- y-a.... (DWmZn-tImiw1.159)
F-Xn I\n\v{]Xy-bm \n]mXw.
36 [mXp]mTw1.51
37 Et{P-{m{K (DWm-Zn-tImiw2.28) F kq{X-n
"c\v' {]Xy-bmw \n]m-Xw.
38 [mXp]mTw2.49.
39 ]mtXUXnx (DWmZn-tImiw4.58)
28 [mXp]mTw4.129
29 DWmZntImiw (4.165) Aan-Nnan-Zn-iw-kn-`yx {x
kq{X-{]Imcw "{x' {]tbm-K-s-tmse "anRv'
(kzm-Zn) [mXp-hn\pw hypev]n Imp-p.
30 hrRv, hc-tW. ([mXp]mTw5.8)
hc, Cu]vkmbmav. (-[mXp]mTw10.280)
31 IrhrZm-cn-`y D
- \
- (DWmZn-tIm-iw3.53) _lpe {KlW
-m "hc' [mXp-hn\npw D\ {Kml-y-am-Wv.
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c-\m-a--fpsS hymJym\w
_rl-a
- \
- pw, Af-h _e-ap-h
- \pw kthm]- c n- b mbn hnf- p- - h \pw ]c- { _- - s ap
hnJym-X-\p-amb ]c-am-flm-hns\ R \akv I - c n- p- p. tl! kth- i zcm (Xz- t ah
{]Xyw {_m-kn) Ahn-Spp Xs-bmWp
khm--cym-an-bm-bn-cpv {]Xy--{_--ambn
hnf-p--Xv. (Xzmtah {]Xyw {_ hZnjym-an) Rm A-sb--sbmWv {]Xy-{_--sap ]d-bp--Xv. Fs-m Ahn-Spv
Fpw \nd- - h - \ m- b n- c pv Fm- h pw
Fpw {]m]y-\mbn hn-p-p.
(EXw hZn-jym-an) \nn-cp-h-SnbpsS thZ-fn ImWs-Sp A\p-im-k-\-sf Rm
Fm-hpw D]tZinp-Ibpw kzbw A\pjvTn-p-Ibpw sNmw. (kXyw hZn-jym-an)
Rm kXys a\\w sNmw. kXyw ]dbmw. A\p-jvTm-\-nepw kXys cn-mw.
(X-m-a-h-Xp) AXn-\m Ahn-Spv Fs
Imp-c-n-m-epw. (X-Zzmc-a-h-Xp) B]vX\m-b--kXyw ]d-bp---Fs Av cn-mepw. Fs _pn Ahn-Sps B-Isf
AN- - e - X - t bm- S p- I qSn A\p- k - c n- p- I - b pw
Ahbn \nv hyXn-N-en-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw
sNp- a m- d m- I - s . Fs- m Ahn- S ps
B-I Xs-bmWv bYmY-amb [aw.
AXn\v hncp--am-b-sXmw A[a-am-Wv. (AhXp ama- h Xp hm- c w) cm- a - X v 4 5
Bhnp ]d-Xv \n-bs tZymXn-nm-\m-Ip-p. Hcp-h CX-c-t\m-Sv, Xzw {Kmaw
K K Fp ]d-bp-p. ChnsS "K' F
{Inbm-]Zw cp-X-hW Bhn-n-p--Xn\m ""\o DS-\Sn {Kma-n-tep t]mIWw''
FYw Inp-p. AXp-t]mse Cu {]I-c-Wnepw ]p\-cm-h-\-ns AYw, AhnSpv Fs \n-b-ambpw cn--Ww. Fs
a\v [a-n ZrVambn Ddp \np-Ibpw
A[as shdp-p-Ibpw sN---hw
I\n--\p-{K-ln--Ww. AXv hen-sbmcp D]Im-c-ambn Rm hnNm-cnpw Fm-Wv. (Hmw
imnx imnx imnx) B[ym-fln-Iw, B[n-
Hmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c-\m-a--fpsS hymJym\w
Bm-Z\w sNbvXp-sIm-n-cn-p--h. Cu
iz.
]rYnhn: ]rYp ""hnkvXmtc'' F [mXphn \nmWv ]rYnhn i_vZw Dm-Ip--Xv.
""bx ]cvYXn kcvhw PKZvhnkvXr-WmXn k
]rYnhn'' hnkvXr-Xa
- mb Cu PK-ns\ hnkvXcn-p--h FYw 53.
Pew: Pe,- Lm- X t\ 54 F [mXphn\np Pe-i_vZw knn-p-p. "PeXn
LmX-bXn ZpjvSm. kLm-X-bXn Ahy-]-c-am-Wzm-Zo XZv {_- Pew' ZpjvS-m-cpsS
LmX-I-\pw, Ahy-w, ]c-am-Wp- Fnhsb Iqn-tp-Itbm thXn-cn-p-Itbm
sNp-h
- \
- p-amb B ]c-am-flm-hn\v Pew Fp
t]cm-Ip-p.
BImiw: Imir, Zo]vXu 55 F ZmXphn \nmWv BIm-i-i_vZw knn-p--Xv.
bx kcvhXx kcvhw PKZv{]Im-ibXn k
BImix \mep `mK-p-\npw temIs
{]Im-in-n-pw- sImv hnf-p--h-\t{X PKZo-iz-c.
Aw: AZ, `-tW 56 F [mXp-hn
\nmWv A- i _v Z w Dm- I p- - X v . AZytXfn N `qXm\n Xkvam-Zw XZp-Ny-tX 57
Am-Zx Al-a--a-la--a-lw.Alm-tZmf-l-a-mtZmfla-mZx 58
Am: Am- N-cmf-N-c-{K-l-WmXv 59
54
55
56
57
58
59
*[mXp]mTw 1.290
53 "]rY' F [mXp [mXp-]m-T-n-en-. k{-km-cW
kwhn-[m-\-{]-Imcw A\p-h-Zn-n-cn-p [mXp--fn
sshbm-I-c-W-m hcp-p k{-km-cW- cq-]m--
10
cs kzX{[mXp-hmbpw KWn-p-p.
As\ {K-Im-c, ChnsS "]rY' [mXp-hns\
kzX{ [mXp-hmbn KWnv \ntZinn-cn-p-p.
"]rY' [mXp-hns\ kzX{ {]Ir-Xn-bmbn
AwKo-I-cn-m ]rYp, ]rYhn apX-emb cq]--fn
k{-km-cWw Bh-iy-ambn hcn-I-bn-.
"{Kl' [mXp-hn k{-km-cWhpw l Imc-n\v
` Im-cm-tZ-ihpw hcpn \nn "Kr`' sb
kzX{ [mXp-hmbn (Kcvt`m Krt`x) \ncp-Im-c kzoI-cn-np-v. (\n-cpw10.23)
[mXp]mTw10.22 "]rY-, {]-tt]' F [mXphpw
Dv. {]t-]-n\v ]c-p-I-sbY-hp-ap--tm.
"A\nXy WnP-m-p-cmbx' A\p-k-cnv "WnNv' s
A`mh-n ]YXn F cq]-ap-m-Ipp.
\ncpw 1.12, 13 epw {]Y-\-n\v hnkvXm-c-sa-Yw
kzoI-cnn-pv.
[mXp]mTw 1.575
[mXp]mTw 1.430
[mXp]mTw 2.1
ssX-cn-tbm-]\
- n-jXv 210
ssX-cn-tbm-]\
- n-jXv 210
thZm--Zi\w 1.2.9
Hmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
-Xv. {]hr-n-sImp sNp--Xn-s\-s
A\p- ` - h n- p- I bpw sNp- p.'' Pohm- fl mhv
sNpXc-n-ep Ia--\p-k-cnv
^ehpw A\p-`h
- n-pp Fp Xmev]c
- yw. ]m]Ia- sNbvXn-p Pohm-flm-, \ymbm[n-]-Xn-bmb Cuiz-cs \n-b-{]-Imcw ZpxJ]qW-^-e- A\p-`-hn-p-tm Ic-bp-p.
Zpjvaw sNp Pohm-flm-sf Cuiz-c
Ic-bn-n-p-p-shp ]d-bp-Xv C{]-Im-c-amWv. AXn-\m Ic-bn-n-p-h
- FY-ap
cp{Z F t]cv Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Ip-p.
\mcm-bW
- : Bt]m \mcm CXn t{]mm
Bt]m ssh \c kq\hx. Xm bZ-ky-mb\w
]qcv h w tX\ \mcm- b Wx kv a rXx.(a- \ p
kvarXn1.10) Pew, Pohm-flm-hv Fo AY-fmWv "\mcm'bvp-Xv. Ah BcpsS Ab\w \nhm-k
m-\a
- m-bn-cn-p-p-thm, AXn-\m
kh Pohm-flm--fnepw hym]n-n-cn-p ]cam-flm-hns \maw \mcm-b-W Fm-Ip-p.
N{: "NZn, Bm-tZ'' 63 F [mXp-hn
\nv N{-i_vZw Dm-Ip-p. ""bXn NbXn hm k N{x'' kzbw B\--kz-cq-]\pw
Fm-hpw B\w Df-hm-p--h-\p-am-Ibm N{-s\ t]cv Cuiz-cs ]cymb-amWv.
awK-f:-- ""aKn, KXycvY-I'' 64 F [mXphn awtK- c - e - N v 65 F kq{Xw sImv
tNm- h p Ae- N v {]Xybw tNm
awKex Fp-In-pw. ""tbm aMvKXn aMvKbXn
hm k awKex'' kzbw awK-f-kz-cq-]\pw kI-ePo-hn-Ipw awK-f-Zm-Xm-hp-am-I-bm Cuizcs ]cym-b-amWv awKfx
_p[: _p[, Ah-K-at\ 66 F [m-Xphn \np _p[-i_vZw Dm-Ip-p. ""tbm
_p[ytX t_m[-bXn hm k _p[x'' kzbw
t_m[-kz-cq-]\pw kI-e-Po-hn-Ipw m\Zm-Xm-hp-am-I-bm Cuiz-c\p _p[ Fp
t]cm-bn. _rl-kv]Xni_vZ-ns AYw 67
app ]d-n-p-v.
63 [mXp]mTw1.56
64 [mXp]mTw1.88
65 [mXp]mTw5.75 (DWmZntImiw)
66 [mXp]mTw1.597
67 t]Pv 7 cmw ]mZw Ah-km-\-`mKw
11
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c-\m-a--fpsS hymJym\w
12
Hmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
{_mhv: ""_rl _rln hrsu'' 82
Fo [mXp- - f n \np {_m- k w
knn-p-p. ""tbmfJnew PKZv\ncvam-tW\
_cvlXn (_rw-l-Xn) hcv-bXn k {_m''
temIs \nn-p-Ibpw hep-Xm-p-Ibpw
sNp--h {_m-hv. AXn-\m Cuiz-c\v
{_m-sh t]cv tbmPn-p-p.
kXyw m\-a-\w {_. CXv ssXnco-tbm-]-\n-j-n-ep Hcp hmIy-am-Ip-p. 83
kXyw: ""koXn kx, tXjp kp
km[p XXv k Xyav '' k- b p- Xp kv ;
]ZmYw FYw. Ah-bnhv DXvIr-jvS-ambn-p-Xv; bYmY-amb k-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb
Cuiz-c ""kXy''amWv
m\w: ""bm\mXn Ncmf-Ncw PK
vRm\av'' Ncm-Nc PK-ns {]hr-n-Isf
apgp-h\pw Adn-bp-h
- FY-am-bX
- p-sImv
m\-i_vZw Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Wv.
A\w: ""\ hnZy-tXf-tmf-h-[ncva-cymZm
bky XZ\w'' AXncp \nW-bn-p-hm
km[n-p-I-bn-m--Xv. \ofw, hoXn, hw apXemb ]cn-am-W- Cuiz-c\v kw`-hn-m-Xp-sImv A\--kw Cuiz-cs t]cmIp-p.
{_w: ""kcvtht`ym _rl-zmZv {_''
_rl-m-b-h-bn _rl-m-I-bm {_w
Fp t]cm-bn.
A\mZn: BMv F D]-kK-tm-Sp-IqSnb "UpZm-Rv, Zm-t\' 84 F [mXp-hn \np
BZn-i_vZw Dm-Ip-p. BZn-i_
- vZ
- n \Rv
{]Xybw tNp-tm A\mZn F cq]w
Inp-p. ""bkvamXv ]qcvhw \mkvXn ]cw
NmkvXn k BZn-cn-Xyp-Ny-tX. \ hnZytX
BZnx ImcWw bky tkmf\m-Zn-co-izcx'' BZn
i_vZ-n-\v, apv Cm-Xv FY-am-Wv.
kzw kp Imc-W-ambn asmcp hkvXphn-m-Xv A\m-Zn--Im-c-W-c-ln-X Fv
AYw.
B\-: BMv F D]-kcvK-tm-Sp-IqSnb "Sp\Zn, kar-u'' 85 F [mXp-hn
82 [mXp]mTw1.488
83 {_m-\--hn 1
84 [mXp]mTw3.9
85 [mXp]mTw1.55
13
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c-\m-a--fpsS hymJym\w
pp _p. AXp-sImv _p FXv
PK-Zo-iz-cs t]cm-Wv.
ap: ""apNver, tamN-t\'' 90 F [mXphn \np ap-i_vZw Dm-Ip-p. ""tbm
apXn tamN-bXn hm apap-q k aptm
PK-Zo-izcx'' Fm Aip-n-I-fn \npw AI-h\pw apap-p-sf {]m]-n-I
- f
- mb ti-fn\nv AI-p--h-\pw, F AY-n
ap kw Cuiz-c-t-Xm-Wv.
\nXy-\pw, ip-\pw, _p-\pw, ap-\p-amb-Xp-sImv PK-Zo-iz-c \nXy-ip-_
- papkz-`mhn Fp ]d-b-s-Sp-p.
\ncm-Im-c: \ncv, BMv F cp-]k
- K-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb "'UpIrRv, Ic-tW'' 91 F
[mXp \ncm- I m- c - k w- - b psS aqe- a m- W v .
""\nKX BIm-cmXv k \ncm-Imcx'' BIm-csam-pta Cm-h
- \ncm-Im-c Cuiz-c.
\nc-RvP-\: \ncv F D]-kK-tm-SpIq- S nb ""ARv P q hynwe- - W - I mn
KXnjp'' F [mXp-hn \np \nc-RvP\
i_vZw Dm-Ip-p.""ARvP\w hynwcve
Ww IpIma C{nssbx {]m]vXn-tXy
kvamZv tbm \ncvKXx ]rY-Kv`qXx k \ncRvP\x'' hyn AXm-bXv BIr-Xn--t-m-Nmcw, Zpjv S - a mb B{K- l - , C{n- b - h njbkmcw Fn-h-sbm-p-an-m--h-\m-Ibm Cuiz-cs\ \nc-RvP-\ Fp ]dbpp.
KtW-i, KW-]Xn: ""KW, kwJym-t\'' 92
F [mXp-hn \np KW i_vZw Dm-Ipp. KW-i-_vZ-n Cuix ]Xnx Fn-hsb
Iqn-tm KtW-ix, KW-]Xnx Fo
cp-\m-a- Dm-Ipw. ""tb {]Ir-Xym-Ztbm
PUm- Po- h m KWyt kwJym- b t
tXjm-aoix kzmao ]Xnx ]metIm hm'' {]IrXym-Zn-I-fmb PU-]-ZmY--fp-sSbpw kIe
Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw bP-am-\\pw ]me-I-\p-am-b-Xn\m Cuiz-c\v KtW-i, KW-]Xn Fo-t]-cpI hp.
hntiz-iz-c: ""tbm hniztamjvtS k
hntiz-izcx'' kI-e-P-K-n-sbpw A[n-jvTm-
90 [mXp]mTw6.139
91 [mXp]mTw8.10
92 [mXp]mTw10.281
14
Hmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
93 [mXp]mTw5.16
94 [mXp]mTw1.638
95 [mXp]mTw10.5
15
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c-\m-a--fpsS hymJym\w
X, cmK-tZz-j
- , Ahn-ZymZn Ivtfi- Pohmflm-hns KpW-f
- m-Ip-p. Cu cp-hn[ KpW- f n- m- - h - \ mWv Cuiz- c . ""Ai- _ v Z - a kv]cvi-a-cq-]-a-hy-bav'' 102 Fp XpS-nb D]\n-j-Zz-N-\--fmWv AXn\p {]am-Ww. AXn\m Cuiz-c\v \nKp-W-s\ A`n-[m\w
tNcp-p.
kKp-W: ''tbm KpssWx kl hcvtX
k kKpWx'' kh--X, B\--a-b-X, ]cn
ip-X, A]-cn-ta-b-_-ew, apX-emb KpW-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-I-bm Cuiz-c kKp-W
BIp-p.
]rYn-hnbvp KmZn KpW- D-XpsImv AXp kKp-W-bmWv; Cm-Zn-Kp-W-
Cm- - X p- s Imv AXp \nKp- W - b p- a mWv
AXp-t]mse Xs PU-amb PK-nepw tNX\-amb Pohm-flm-hnepw ImW-s-Sp KpW-sfmpw X\nv Cm--Xp-sImv PK-Zo-izc \nKp-W\pw kh-X apX-emb KpW-fp--Xp-sImv kKp-W\pw BIp-p. kKpW-Xzhpw \nKp-W-Xzhpw CS-I-e-X-m
bmsXmcp hkvXphpw temI-n C. tNX\-Kp-W--fn-m--Xp-sImv PU-]-ZmY-
\nKp-W--fm-sWpw AtN-X-\-Kp-W--fp-Xp-sImv kKp-W--fm-sWpw ]d-bmw. AXpt]mse Xs PU-]-ZmY--fpsS KpW-
Cm--Xp-sImv Pohm-flm- \nKp-W-fm-Ip-p. Cm-Zn-I-fmb tNX-\-Kp-W--fp--Xn\m kKp-W-fm-sWpw ]d-bmw. Cuiz-c\nepw kKp-WXz \nKp-W-Xz- Iq-Sn-tn
cnp-Xpw C--am-sW--dn-b-Ww.
A-cym-an ""A-cypw \nbpw ioew
bky tkmfb-a--cymao'' temI--n-ep tNX\m-tN-X\ ]ZmY--fpsS A`m-K-n
Ccpv Fm-n-s\bpw \nb-{np \S-p-Xp-sImv Cuiz-c\v A-cyman Fp t]cmbn.
[a-cm-P "tbm [cvta cmPtX k [cvacmPx' [a-n am{Xw {]Im-in-p-I-bpw
[as am{Xw {]Im-in-n-p-Ibpw sNp
Cuiz-cs\ [a-cm-P-s\p hnfn-p-p.
ba- "bap, D]-c-ta' 103 F [mXp-hn
102 ItTm-]-\n-jXv3.15
103 [mXp]mTw1.710
16
Hmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
-h FY-n Cuiz-cs ]cym-b-amWv
Ime.
tijx ""injver, hnti-j-tW'' 110 F
[mXp-hn \nv tij-i_vZw Dm-Ip-p. ""bx
injytX k tijx'' Dev]-n-bnepw {]f-bnepw tijn-p--h Ah _m[n-m-Xv FY-ap tij Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Wv.
B]vXx ""B]ver, hym]vXu'' 111 F [mXphn \nv B]vX-i_vZw Dm-Ip-p. ""bx
kcvhm [cvam-fl\ B]vt\mXn hm kcvssh
[cvam-fl-`n-cm-]ytX OemZn clnXx k B]v
Xx'' kIe hnZym- b p- \pw ktXym- ] - t ZjvSmhpw [am-flm--fm {]m]y-\pw, Ah-cn
hnf-p--h\pw Im]-Sy-an-m--h-\p-am-b-h
FY-ap "B]vX' Cuiz-cs \maamWv.
iwI-cx iw F D]-]-Z-tm-Sp-Iq-Snb
UpIrRv Ic-tW 112 F [mXp-hn \nv
\np i- c- i _v Z w Dm- I p- p. ""bx iw
IeymWw kpJw ItcmXn k icx'' awKfw
AYhm kpJw Df-hm-p--h FY-n
i-c-kw Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Wv.
alm-tZ-h: tZh-i-_vZ-n alXv FpIqSn tNm alm-tZ-h F \maw DmIp-p. ""tbm alXmw tZhx k alm-tZhx'' 113
tZh-m-cpsS tZh AXm-b-Xv, hnZzm-m-cn
hnZzm\pw kqcymZn ]ZmY-sfqSn {]Im-inn-p--h-s\-Yw.
{]nbx:""{]oR,v Xcv]tW Imsu N'' 114
110
111
112
113
[mXp]mTw7.14
[mXp]mTw5.15
[mXp]mTw8. 10
CXv kam-k-ns hn{K-l-a-. AY-\nt-Zi-am-Wv.
kamkw kam-\m-[n-I-cW XXv]p-cp-j Xs.
kmam-knI hn{K-l-m `n ]Z--fpsS AY\ntZiw sNp-Xv {]mNo-\]
- c
- n-]m-Sn-bm-Wv.
alm-`mjyw 1. 11 mw Blv\n-I-n ""[cva-\n-bax''
F-Xn\v [cvamb \nbax Fpw ""hrn-k-a-hmbx''
F-Xns\ hrtb ka-hmbx Fpw AYw
]d-n-cn-p-p. imkv{Xo-b-ambn ""hnIrXn
hmNI NXpcvYy kp_--n\v {]IrXn hmNI
kp_--tmSp am{Xta kamkw hbvq.
AjvSm-[ym-bn-bnse NXpYo XZYm... (2.1.35)
F kq{Xw t\mp-I. IqSm-sX, jjvTo
XXv]p-cp-j\
- mb alm-Lm-k,alm-Ic
- ,apX-embhbn
""al-ZmtXz Lmk-Ic hnin-jvtS-jq-]k
- w-Jym\w
]pw hZz-N\w Nmk-am-\m-[n-Ic-Wav'' F hmn-Im BXzw hcpw-hw F-dn-bpI
114 [mXp]mTw9.2
104 [mXp]mTw1.724
105 [mXp]mTw4.65
106 [mXp]mTw9.18
107 ]qc-b-Xy--cn-Xy--c-]p-cp-j-a-`n-t{]Xy-\n-cpw 2.3
tXt\Z ]qcvWw ]pcp-tjW kcvhav.....
(ssXcob BcWyIw 10.10)
108 [mXp]mTw3.5
109 [mXp]mTw10.290
17
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c-\m-a--fpsS hymJym\w
KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h-v F-an-. AXn-\m
At-l-ns \ma-pw F-an-. Hmtcm
tcm KpW-tbpw Iatbpw kz`m-h-t
bpw Ipdn-p-hm Hmtcmtcm t]cp-If
- p-v. Rm
ChnsS Fgp- X nb \ma kap- { Z- n\p
apn Xpn-sb--hw Xp-am-Ip-p. thZmZn-im-kv{X-f
- n Cuiz-cs F-a KpW-Icvakz-`m-h-sf hymJym-\n-n-p-v. thZm-Zn-imkv { X- ]Tn- p- I bpw ]Tn- n- p- I bpw
sNbvXm am{Xta B \ma-sf Adn-bp-hm
Ign-bq. thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-sf A[y-b\w sNp-hp am{Xta ap ]ZmY--fpsS m
\hpw ]qW-ambn Dm-hp-I-bp-q.
tNmZyw ap {K-Im-c-m-sc-m-hcpw
{K-ns BZn-bnepw a[y-nepw Ah-km\-nepw awKf {]mY\ sNm-dp--tm.
AXp-t]mse Av {]mYn-p-Itbm awK-ftmIw Fgp-Xp-Itbm sNm--sX-p-sImmWv?
Dcw Ans\ sNp-Xv \apv DNnX-a-. {K-ns BZn-a-[ym-h-km\fn
awKfw BN-cn-m CS-bn-ep `mKw apgp-h\pw
Aaw-Kf
- a
- m-sWp ]d-tbp hcpw. AXn-\m
awK-em-N-cWw injvSm-Nm-cmXv ^e-Zcvi-\mNv{Op-XnXt-Xn. 120. F kmwJy-im-kv{X-hN-\-{]-Imcw \ymb-hpw, ]-]m-X-c-ln-X-hpw,
thZ-{]-Xn-]m-Zn-X-hp-amb Cuiz-cm-sb Fmbvt]mgpw Fm-bn-Spw bYm-\p-krXw BNcn-p-X
- p-Xs
- -bmWv icn-bmb awK-fm-Nc
- W
- w.
{K-ns Bcw`w apX Ah-km\w hsc
sNp kXym-N-c-W-amWv icn-bmb awK-fmN-c-Ww. Hcn-Sp awK-fhpw asmcn-Sv AawK-fhpw Fgp-Xp-X
-
- . alm-ib
- m-cmb aljnam-cpsS hmp-I tImepwx
bm\y-\-h-Zym\n Icvam-Wn, Xm\n tkhn-Xhym\n; t\m CX-cm-Wn 121 CXp ssXn-cotbm-]-\n-j-nep hN-\-am-Ip-p. {]nb-k-Xn-Itf! A\-hZ- y-f
- mb AY-hm, \nn-s
- -
inhx ""inhp Ieym-tW'' 117 F [mXphn \nv inh-i_vZw Dm-Ip-p. ""_lp-eta-X-n-Zcvi-\w'' 118 F hN-\-{]-Imcw inhp
[mXp A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-Wv. kzbw awKf kzcq]nbpw A\yv awK-f-{]-Z-\p-am-I-bm Cuizcs t]cmWv inh.
Cuiz- c s \qdp 119 \ma- ChnsS
hymJym-\n-p. CXp-Iq-SmsX thsdbpw Akw
Jyw \ma Cuiz-c-\p-v. kth-iz-cs
115 [mXp]mTw1.1
116 [mXp]mTw2.35
117 DWmZn 1.153 ioMvitb [mXp-hn h\v {]Xy-bmw
\n]m-Xn-Xa
- m-Wv.
118 CXv [mXp-]mTw 10.366-mw kq{X-am-Wv.
[mXp-]m-T-n [mXp--fpsS \nZi-\-amWv
{]mtb-Wb
- p-X
- v. hrn-Im-c
- m Cu kq{Xw
hymJym-\n-th [mXp-]m-T-n-en-m hnhn[ [mXp-fpsS DZm-lc
- Ww \In-bn-p-v.
Cu kq{X-a-\p-k-cnv {K-Im-hv, inh
- kw--bpsS AYs ey-amn [mXp-I-ev]\
sNbvXn-cn-p-Ib
- m-Wv.
119 Bh\w sNbvX \ma hymJym-\--sfm-gnsI
BsI 104 \ma--fpsS hymJym-\-amWv Cu
18
Hmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
S---X-m-Xpw [a-bp--hp-amb Ia
fmWv \n kZm A\p-jvTn-t--Xv.
A[a--f-. AXn-\m B[p-\nIfmb
{Kfn ""{ioK-tW-imb \ax'' ""koXm-cm-
Fgp-Xn-m-Wp-Xv thZ-imkv{Xv hncp-am-b-Xp-sImv anYy-bm-sW-mWp _pn-amm hnNm-cn-p--Xv. thZfnepw Bj{Kfnepw Cu amXn-cn-bp awK-fm-N-cWw
Hcn-Spw ImWp-n-. Bj-{Ksfmw
HmwImcw AY Fo ]Zfpam-bmWv Bcw`n-p--Xv. t\mpI: ""AY i_vZm-\p-imk\av'' AtY-Xybw i_vtZm-[n-Im-cmcvY {]bpPy-tX. (CXp hymI-c-W-a-lm-`m-jym-cw-`-am-Ipp.) ""AYm-tXm- [cva-Pn-mkm''. AtY-Xym\-tcy thZm-[y-b-\m-\--c-av. (CXp ]qh-aoamwkm hN-\-am-Ip-p.) ""AYmtXm [cvaw
hymJym-kymax'' AtYXn [cvaIY-\m-\-cw
[cv a - e - Ww hnti- j W hymJym- k ymax
(CXp sshti-jnI Zi-\m-cw`-am-Ip-p) ""AY
tbmKm-\p-im-k\av'' AtY-Xy-b-a-[n-Im-cmcvYx
(CXp tbmK-im-kv{Xm-cw-`-am-Ip-p) "AY {Xn
hn[ ZpxJm-Xy--\n-hr-n-c-Xy--]p-cp-jmcvYx'
kmwkm-cnIhnj-bt- `m-Km-\
- cw {Xnhn-[Z- px-JmXy \nhr-XycvYx {]bXv\x Icvhyx (CXp
kmwJy-im-kv{ Xm-c w-`-am-Ip- p.) ""AYmtXm
{_-Pn-mkm'' (CXv Hmw thZm--kq-{Xam-Ip-p) ""Hman-tXy-X-Z-c apZvKo-Y-ap-]mkoX'' (CXv OmtmKy D]-\n-j-nse Bcw`-hm-Iy-am-Ip-p.) ""Hman-tXy-XZ-
- c
- a
- nZw kcvhw
Xtkym] hymJym\w'' (CXv amWvUqIy D]\n-j-nse {]mcw-`-hm-Iy-am-Ip-p.)
Ejn-ap-\n-am cNn-n-p ap {Kfpw
Bcw-`n-p-Xv Hmw Ftm AY Fsm
BWv. 122 \mep thZfpsS Bcw-`-nepw
CXp-t]mse Xs. ""Anx, CSv, Anx, tb
{Xnj]vXmx ]cn-b-n 123 Fo ]Z--fmWv
ImWp- - X v.""{ioK- t W- i m- b - \ ax'' Fp
XpSnbh Fpan. sshZn-I-m thZm-cw`-n "lcn Hmw' Fv Fgp-Xp-Ibpw D-cn-
kXymY{]Im-i
- n
hWn-n-cn-p
108 Cuiz-c-\m-a--fpsS ]nI
(A-Im-cmZn {Ia-n)
\qsp \ma hymJym-\
- f
- m-Wp-X
- v. Fm ]c-am-flm,
Bfl kw_-n-X-hpw, ]c-ta-iz-c Cuizc kw_-nXhpw ]nXm-a-l, {]]n-Xm-a-l ]nXm-kw-_-n-Xhpw
kn-Zm-\- ka-kvX-cq-]hpw tZhn tZhs kv{XoenMvKhpw {_mhv {_-ns ]pnw-K-hp-am-Wv. Ch
Ggpw Hmw Hgn-hm-n-bm \qdp \ma-f
- m-Wp-X
- .v Hmans
hymJym-\a
- m-Wtm as-mw.
1 Ac = cw-\miw Cm-Xv.
2 An = KXn-bn \bn-p--h
3 AP = P\n-m-Xv.
4 Am = Ncm-N-c-P-K-n-b-m-hv.
5 AssZzXw = {Xnhn[ t`Zc-ln-Xamb-Xv.
6 A\w = ]cn-am-W-c-ln-Xamb-Xv.
7 A\mZn = ImcWcln-X
8 A-cyman = An-X.
9 Aw = `-W-in- \Ip-Xv.
10 AmZx = t`mKin- \Ip-Xv.
11 Acyam = A\o-Xn-bn can-m-Xv.
12 BImix = {]Im-iI
- m-cI
- a
- m-bX
- v.
13 BNmcy = Ncm-N-c-KXn Imn--cp--Xv.
14 Bflm = kqvam-Xn-kqva hym]vX
15 BZn-Xy = HcpIm-epw\in-m--Xv.
16 B\- = [an-jvT-cpsS \-\.
17 B]vX = [an-jvT-cn hym]vX.
19
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
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C{ = sFizy-cy-]Xn
Cuiz-c = sFiy-cyn can-p--Xv.
Dcp-{I-a = {Ia-n-e-[nIw ]cm-{I-an.
Hmw = kXv--Nn-Xv--B-\ kzcq]w.
Ihn = Adn-bpXv Adn-bn-p--Xv.
Ime = F-sf Adn-bp--Xv.
Imemn = F-sf \bn-p--Xv.
Ipt_-c = kI-em-[n-]-Xn.
IqS- = cq]-nepw kzcq-]nX.
tIXp = Hcp tcmKhpw _m[n-m--Xv.
Jw = kh-hym]n
KW-]Xn = Ncm-N-c-K-W--fpsS ]Xn.
KtW-i = KW--fpsS Cui.
Kcp-flm = _rlXvkzcq-](Kpcp--L\)
Kpcp = \mi-c-ln-Xambn hnf-p--Xv.
N{ = B\--kz-cq-]
NnXv = tNX-\-ssN-X-\y-t_m-[-kz-cq-]w.
Pew = P\bnXmhpw ebnnp--h-\pw.
m\w = Fmw Adn-bp--Xv.
ssXP-k = {]Im-itXtPm-Im-cI
-
Zbmep = Fm-n\pw A`bw\Ip-Xv
Znhy = Znhy-]-ZmY--fn hym]vX.
tZh = av klmbw IqSmsX kzbw hnf-p-Xv
tZhn = ssNX-\y-Im-cW
- I
- m-cn-Ib
- mbn hnf-p-Xv
[a-cm-P = [-s-am{Xw [cn-p--h.
\mcm-bW
- = khhy]nbmbn Ab-\w-sN-p-Xv
\nXy = Ne-\-c-ln-X-\m-I-bm \mi-an-m--Xv
\nc--\ = Ae--W-ambn Hpw Cm-Xv
\ncm-Im-c = BIm-c-w Hmpta Cm-Xv
\nKp-W = Xt-X-mKpWsf kv]in-m-h
\ymb-Imcn = ]-]mXanmsX [aw \SpXv
]c-am-flmhv = kqvam-Xn-kq--a-ambn hym]vX
]c-ta-iz-c = Xpey-amtbm ]-c-amtbm asm-p-an-m--h
]nXmhv = D-a-\s am{Xw Imwn-p--h
]nXm-a-l = ]nXm--m-cpsS ]nXmhv
]pcp-j = ]pcn-bn (hn-izw) ibn-p--h
]rYnhn = PK-ns\ hnkvX-cn-p--h
{]Pm-]Xn = {]P-Isf ]cn-]m-en-p-- ]Xn
{]]nXm-a-l = {]m]nXm--m-cpsS ]nXmhv
{]m = icn-bmbn Adn-bp-h
{]mW = \ne\n-ev]n\v aqe-Im-c-W-am-bh
{]nb = {]nb-am-b-Xn\pw {]nb-am-bXv
_p = kpJ-s \nb-a-ambn kzbw _nncnpXv
_p = Fm-n-s\-bpw Ftmgpw Adn-p-sIm-n-cn-pXv
_p[ = t_m[m\kz-cq-]ambn-cn-p-Xv
63
64
65
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108
2
cmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Imiw
hnZym-`ymk k{-Zmbw
AY- inmw {]h-ymax
amXr-am ]nXr-am-\m-Nm-cy-hm ]pcptjm
thZ., CXp iX-]-Y-{_m--W-n-ep Hcp
hmIy-am-Ip-p. 1 hmkvXhw ]d-bp-I-bm-sWn, amXmhv, ]nXmhv, BNm-cy Fo aqv
D-am-ym-]-I-msc e`n Hcp-h am{Xta
Adn-hp--h-\m-Iq. [man-Icpw ]Tn-p--h-cpamb amXm-]n-Xm--fp--h-\mWv `mKy-hm! B
Ipe-amWv [\yw. av F{X-tmfw D]tZ-ihpw D]-Im-chpw amXm-hn \nv e`nptam A{X-tmfw am-cn \npw e`n-pI- b n- . Abvv kzk- m\tfmSv
DmIp hmeyw asm-cmpw Dm-hp-X-. s] a-fpsS lnXs Cn-p-Xp-t]mse asm-cm Cn-p-I-bp-an-. AXn\m-emWvamXr-am {]i-kvXbpw [a-X-ev]-cbp-amb amXm-hp--h Fp ]d-n-cn-p-Xv 2. K`m-[m\w apXv hnZym-`ymkw Ignbp-Xp hsc kzk-m-\-v kuioeyw
D]tZ-in-p A-bmWv ]c-a-[-\y.
K`m-[m-\
- n\v appw K`m-[m-\I
- m-epw
AXn\p tijhpw amXm-]n-Xm--m aZyw apXemb amZ-I-]-ZmY--tfbpw cqhpw ZpK-1 iX-]-Y-{_m--Ww 14.6., 10.2 &
OmtmKy D]\n-jv 6.14.2
2 {]ikvXm [manIo amXm hnZytX
bky k amXr-am
ap--hbpw _pn-i-nsb \in-n-p--h-bpamb Blm-c-]-ZmY--tfbpw hPnv kam[m-\w, Btcm-Kyw, _ew, _pn, ]cm-{Iaw,
kuio-eyw, Fn-h-bm k`y-Xsb Dmp s\v, ]m, a[p-cm-- apX-emb
]ZmY-sf ioen-p--XmWv Ghpw DNnXw. A{]-Imcw sNp--Xm-bm Ah-cpsS
hocy-c-P-kp-I tZmj-c-lnXfpw AXyp-a
KpW-]qW-hp-am-Ipw.
cmtPm-Zi-\-ns Amw Znhkw apX
]Xn-\mdmw Znhkw hsc-bmWv K`m[m-\
- n\p
hn[n-n-cn-p Imew. Ah-bn BZys
\mep-\m hPy--fm-Wv. tij-ap ]{p
Znhkfn ]Xn-s\m-m-a-sbpw ]Xn-aq-ma-sbpw Znhk HgnsI _mn-bp
]p cm{Xn-I-fn am{Xw K`m-[m\w sNp-XmWv D-aw. ctPm-Zi\w apXv ]Xn\mdp cm{Xn-I Ign-m ]noSv kv{Xo]pcpj kwtbm-K-a-cp-Xv. Cs\ K`m-[m-\-n\v
tbmKy-amb Imew hopw hcp--Xp-h-tcbpw
K`m-[m\w Dm-bm AXp-ap-X Hcp sImtpw kwtbmKw ]mSn-. `mcym-`m-m Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw icocw Btcm-Ky-tmSp
IqSn-bXpw a\v timI-c-ln-Xhpw {]k--hpam-bn-cn--Ww. Nc-Iw, kp{ip-Xw, Fo sshZy
{Kfnse hn[n- { ]- I mcw `- W - h pw,
hkv{X-[m-c-Whpw sNt--Xm-Wv. a\p-kvarXn
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hnZym-`ymk k{-Zmbw
am-Ip-p. kv{XobpsS BtcmKyw ]cn-K-Wn--ptm {]k-hn-p-In-S-p--h-fpsS ape-m
Ipnp sImSp-p-Xp \-X-. ape-m
tNmp t]mIm-Xn-cn-m thp acp-pI kvX\--fn ]pcn kvX\ys \ntcm[np \np--Xm-bm {]k-hn kv{Xo Hcp
amkw Ign-bp-tm-tgbvpw hopw bph-Xn-bmIpw. AtXhsc ]pcp-j\pw {_-N-cyw-sImv
hocy-kw-c-Ww sN-Ww. C-d--hw
A\p-jvTn-p kv{Xo]p-cp-j-mv D-a-km\ Dm-hp-I-bpw, Bbp-kpw, _ew,
]cm-{Iaw Fnh hn-p-Ibpw sNpw. AhcpsS Fm km\fpw D-a-cpw, [man-Icpw, ZoLm-bp-v, _ew, ]cm-{I-aw, Fn-h-bp-h-cp-am-Ipw. kv{Xo A]-Xy-amKs ktmNn-n-p, kwtim-[\w sNbvXp kqn-p-Ibpw
]pcp-j hocy-kw-c
- Ww sNp-Ibpw thWw.
Fn ]no-Sp-m-Ip km\sfmw
D-a-cm-bn-cn-pw.
Xs a ]cnjv-Ir-Xioecpw ico-cm-hbhsf sImv IpnXtNjvS-I-sfmpw
sNm-Xn-cn-p--h-cp-am-Im \ D]-tZi
kZm \tI-Xv amXm-hns I-hy-am-Wv.
Ipn kwkm- c n- m XpS- n- b m A
AXns \mhn\p amhw Dm-I---hn[ap D]mbw sN- W w. Fn am{Xta
Ipnp kv]jvS-ambn D-cn-p-hm iIvXn
Dm-hp-I-bp-q. AXXp hWfpsS m\{]-bXv\fpw (D-Zm-l-cWw ]dbmw "]' Imcn\v HmjvT-amWv m\w. kv]rjvS-amWv {]bXv\w. Fp shm cp Npp-Is
- fbpw Iqntv D-cn-Ww FYw.) {lkz-ZoLpXfpw kv]jvS-ambn D-cn-p-hm-\pw, a[pc-hpw, Kw`o-c-hpw, kp-c-hp-amb kzc-n
A-cw, am{X, ]Zw, hmIyw, kn, hncmaw
Fnh hy-ambn tI---hw ]d-bphm\pw ]Tn-n--Ww. Ipn-I Iptds kwkmcn-p-hm\pw Imcy- a\-n-em-p-hm\pw XpSn- b m a[p- c - a mbn kwkm- c n- p- h m\pw
apXn-h ka-m Cf-b-h amXm-]n-Xm-m, am\y-m, cmPm--m hnZzm-m, apXem-b-h-tcmSv kw`m-jWw sNt-p k{Zm-b-hpw, s]cp-am-td-p coXnbpw apw Ah
v ]Tn-np sImSp-W
- w. Fn Imcyfn
Ah Hcn-Spw Atbm-Ky-ambn s]cp-am-dp-I-
22
cmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
WYw. arX-ic
- ocw Zlnp `kvaa
- m-bm ]ns
AXn\v `qXw Fp-t]. ""C t]tcm-Sp-Iq-Snb
Hcp-h Dm-bn-cp-p. Ah Ign-p-t]mbn''
Fv Xmev ] - c yw. Hcp- I m- e v P\n- - h cpw
Cmev Pohn-n-cn-m--h-cp-amb P\-
`qX-Im-e-n-ep--h-cm-I-bm `qX- Fp
]d- b p- p- s h- t - b p- f - f q. {_jn XpSn
CtX- h - s c- b p kIe hnZzm- m- c p- s Sbpw
knmw C{]-Im-c-am-Wv. Fm kwib
ioe- a p- - h cpw Ipn- X - c mb Bfp- I - t fmSv
kwkKw sNp--h-cpw, Zpjn kwkvIm-c-ap-h-cp-amb P\ `bhpw kwi-b-hp-ap-mp `qX, t{]X, adp-Xm, ]nimNv
apX- e m- b - h - b p- s A- h n- i zm- k - m
ZpxJn-X-cm-bn-o-cp-p. t\mpI! Hcp Pohn acnp-tm AXns Poh kzbw-Ir-X-amb
]m]-]pWy[o-\-ambn Cuizcs \nb-a\
- p-kc
- nv kpJ-ZpxJf\p-`h
- n-m asmcp
Pw kzoI-cn-p-p. \mi-c-ln-X-\mb kthiz-cs B \n-b-s--]m-]-]p-Wy-hy-h-sb Cm- X m- p- h m Bs- nepw Ignbptam? Adn-hn-m P\ sshZy-im-kv{Xw,
{]IrXn hnm-\obw Fnh ]Tn-p-I-tbm,
tIp-Itbm sNm-sXbpw kzbw BtemNnp t\mm-sXbpw kn-]m-X-Pzcw XpS-nb
imco-cnI tcmKpw Nn-{`aw apX-emb
am\-kn-I-tcmKpw `qX-_m[, t{]X-_m[
Fsmw t]cp- s Im- S p- p- p. Ah B
tcmKpff Huj[ tkhnp-I-tbm,
]Yym- Z n- I - f m- N - c n- p- I tbm sNmsX Imcpw, AXy--aq-V-m-cpw, Zpcm-Nm-c-\n-c-X-mcpw, kzmY-am-{X-]cm-b-W-m-cpw, Im-hp-IpSn-b
- m-cp-amb t-m-sc-tmepw hniz-knv ]e
{]Im-c-n-ep-ap-ff h-\-Ifpw hymPfpw
Im]Syfpw Imn, Fn Xnp-I, Nc-Sp-P]np sIpI, a{ P]n-p-I, XIn-Sp-I
_n-pI apX-emb anYym-Nmc sNbvXv
[\w apgp-h\pw If-p-Ip-fn-v, kzk-m\
fpsS tcmKtfbpw Zpc-h--tbbpw hnnv ZpxJ-ap-fh
- m-n-smv \S-p-p. Am\m--m-cmb [\n-I ]m]n-Ifpw kzmYn-I-fpamb B Zp_p-n-IfpsS ASp- sNv,
""kzman, Cu Ippv Fp kw`-hnp
Fv a\-n-em-Ip-n-. Fm-W-hp hp
]nW-Xv?'' Fp tNmZn-m Ah C{]Imcw adp-]Sn ]dbpw: ""Chs tZl-n
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hnZym-`ymk k{-Zmbw
As-n B Adn-hn-m--h {Kl-{KkvX\pw {Kl-cq-]nbpw Bb Hcp tPymXn-jm`m- k - s ASp- sNv, ""Ch\v
FmWv? Hp t\mn-bms'' Fp ]d-bpp. Atm Abm ]d- b pw, ""kqcymZn
{Klsfmw tZmj-m-\-m-Wv, Ah-bpsS
tIm]-imn hcp-p-hm thp P]w, ]qP,
Zm\w Fo Hgn- h p- I - s fmw sNn- - W w.
As-n Ch hfsc IjvS-mSpI A\p`-hn-pw. {]mW-lm\n t]mepw hcmw.''
D-cw KWIm! `qan-tb-tmse Xs
AtN- X \fmWv kqcymZn temIfpw.
NqSpw shfn-hpw Xcp-hm-\-msX asmpw
sNp-hm Ahbvv Ign-hn-. tIm]n-m
ZpxJ- t bpw {]km- Z n- m kpJ- t bpw
Dm-p-hm Ah tNX\tfm?
tNmZyw cmPm--mcpw {]P-Ifpw AS-nb
Cu temI-n Nne kpJ-ap--h-cmbpw ap
Nne ZpxJ-a-\p-`-hn-p--Xmbpw ImW-s-Sp-p.
AsXmw {Kl-n-Xn-bpsS ^e-at?
D- c w AsXmw ]pWy- ] m]fpsS
^e-amWv
tNmZyw tPymXnximkv{Xw tIhew IfhmtWm?
D-cw A. B imkv{X-n-e-S-nb
A-K-Wn-Xw, tcJm-K-WnXw, _oP-K-WnXw
apX-emb KWn-X`
- mKsfmw icn-bm-bn-p-Xm-Wv. ^e-`mKw apgp-h\pw ipta hymP-amWv.
tNmZyw PmXIw Xosc \njv^-e-amtWm?
D- c w AtX; AXn\v PmX- I - s a-
timIZw FmWv ]d-tb--Xv. km\w Dm-Ip-tm kI-epw B\w DmIm-dp-v.
Fm B B\w km-\-ns PmXIw
FgpXn {Kl-^ew ]d-p-tIp--Xp-hsc
am{Xta \ne-\np-p-q. PmXIw Fgp-Xnt-X
- m-sWp tPymy ]d--bp-tm IpnbpsS A-\--am tPymy-t\mSv "'hfsc
hnti-j-s PmX-I-am-bn-cn-Ww'' Fp ]dbp-p. ]d-t-ev]n-Xp [\n-I-\m-sW-n
NpIpw
abpw
hc- I sImpw
Nn{XsImpw tamSn]nSn-n-pw, Zcn-{Z-\msW- n km[m- c - W - k - { - Z m- b - nepw Hcp
PmXIw FgpXn Dm- n- s mp hcpw.
24
cmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
ctm Ccn ]Ww aSn hmt--Xm-Wv.
Ipn Pohn-n-cn-p--Xm-bmepw As\ aSn
taSn-pI Xs-bmWp th-Xv. Fs-m,
"'AXv Ahs Ia-^-e-am-Wv. Cuiz-cs \nbas ewLn-p-hm Bpw in-bn''
Fv tPymy ]d-bp--Xp-t]mse ""Ahs
Ia-^-ehpw Cuiz-cs \nb-a-hp-amWv Ahs\
cn-X
- v, \nfpsS {]hr-n-b'' Fv AbmtfmSpw ]d- b m- h p- - X m- W v . Zm\fpw ap
Iafpw A\p-jvTn-nv {]Xn-^ew hmnbn-p Kpcp apX-em-b-h-tcmSpw tPymy-t\mSv
]d--Xp-t]mse Xs, ]d-tb--Xm-Wv.
hkq-cn-ame apX-emb tZh-X-Ifpw a{w,
X{w, b{w Fn-hbpw Fmw, CXp-t]mse
Xs iphymP-am-Wv. AXp-sImp \S-p-h {]hn-p-Xv apgp-h\pw I]-S-am-Wv.
Ah-cn Nne Cs\ ]d-bp-p, ""R
NcSp P]n-p-sIm-Sp-p-Itbm b{w Fgp-Xnsm-Sp-p-Itbm sNp--Xm-bm AXv sIp- h v AXns amlmflyw sImv
bmsXmcp _mt[m-]-{Z-hhpw ]oUbpw Dm-Ip-X-.'' Ahv sImSp-t adp-]Sn CXmWv. ""ac-W-n \npw Cuiz-cs \nb-an anpw Ia-^e-n \npw a\p-jysc
cn- p- h m- \ p- in \nptm?
\nfpsS a{-in apgp-h\pw {]tbm-Kn-npw
F{X Ipn-I-fmWv acn-p-t]m-Ip--Xv. \nfpsS
hon- e p- - h Xs acn- p- t ]m- I p- nt?
\np Xs ac-W-n \nv kzbw
cn-p-hmIgn-bptam?'' Cs\ tNmZn-p-Xm-bm Ahv kam-[m-\-sampw ]d-bphmkm-[n-p-I-bn-. "'kq{X-sampw ChnsS
^en-n'' F-h a\-n-em-p-Ibpw sNpw.
AXn-\m Ccw If-f-csfsbmw
XyPn-v, [man-Icpw kIe tZipw D]Imcw sNp- - h cpw bmsXmcp hymPhpw
IqSmsX Fm-h-scbpw hnZy-I-f-`y-kn-n-p-hcpw D-acpw hnZzm-m-cp-am-b-h temI-n\v
GXp-hn-[-n D]-Imcw sNp-pthm AXpt]mse Xs Ahpw {]Xyp-]-Imcw sNpI. Cu I-hys Hcn-epw ssIhnp Ifb- cp- X v . CXp- t ]m- se- Xs At\- I - h n- [ - nep ckm- b - \ - { ]- t bmKtfbpw amc- W w,
taml-\w, Dm-S-\w, hio-I-cWw apX-emb \oNIatfbpw D]-tZ-inp \S-p--hcpw alm
25
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hnZym-`ymk k{-Zmbw
n, {_m-Wc
- m-sW-n BIp-n-Isf D]\-bnv Kpcp-Ip-e
- n-te-v- A
- X
- m-bX
- v- ]
- qW-]mWvUnXyw km-Zn hnZzm-mcpw hnZp-jn-Ifpw
hnZymZm\w sNbv X v s Im- n- c n- p etv Ab--Ww. s]Ip-n-I-tfbpw CXpt]mse Kpcp-Ip-e-n-tev Ab-t--Xm-Wv.
]Tn- n- p- t m Hcn- epw emfn- msX
imkn-p-Iam{Xw sNp-h
- c
- psS km\
am{Xta kpin-n-X
- mcpw hnZzm-mcpw kwkvIrX-lr-Z-bcpw Bhp-I-bp-q. CXn\v {]amWw
hymI-c-W-`m-jy-n-ep-v:kmarssXx ]mWn`ncv L v \ n Kpcthm \ hntjmnssXx.
eme-\m-{i-bntWm tZmjm-kvXm-U-\m-{i-bn
tWm KpWmx 4
AYw: km\tfbpw injy-m-scbpw
XmUn-p amXm-]n-Xm--mcpw A[ym-]-Icpw
kzk-m\tfbpw injy-m-scbpw kzw
ssII- f m AarXw IpSn- n- p- p. kzkm\tfbpw injy-m-scbpw emfn-p
A-\--amcpw Kpcp-\m-Y-mcpw Ahsc Xfp
sS ssI sImv hnjw IpSn-np \in-n-pp. emf\w sImv km\fpw injy-mcpw
Zpjn-p-t]m-hp-Ibpw XmU-\w-sImv \-h-cmIp-Ibpw sNp-p. km\fpw injy-mcpw
XfpsS A- \ - - a mcpw Aym- ] - I cpw
Xsf innp hfn-bm AXp-sImv
Fm-bvt]mgpw ktm-jn-p-Ibpw Hma-\nv
hfp-X
- m- b
- m AXp-sImv ZpxJn-p-Ibpw
sNt--Xm-Wv. Fm Abpw A\pw
A[ym-]-I\pw Akq-b-sImtm tZzjw-sIm
tm Ipn-Isf ASn--cp-Xv. Ahsc `b-s-Spp-X
- mbn ]pdta \Sn-p-Ibpw Dn hmey-tm-Sp-IqSn {]hn-p-Ibpw sNt-X
- mWv. ap ]eXpw ]Tn-n-p Iq-n tamjWw, hy`n-Nm-cw, aSn, sXp-I, el-cn-tk-h,
AY-an-m kwkm-cw, lnwk, {IqcX, Akqb, shdpv apX-emb Zpxkz-`mhsf hnp-I-fbp-hm\pw kXys ssIsm-p-hm\pw ]Tnn--Ww. Hcp-h asm-cp-hs apn shv
Hscm {]mh-iy-sa-nepw tamjvSn-p-Itbm
hy`n- N - c n- p- I tbm AkXyw ]d- b p- I tbm
sNbvXp-t]m-bm ]ns ac-W-]-cyw Ah
_lp-am-\-]m-{X-am-hp-I-bn-. {]Xn-m-ew-L-
4 alm-`mjyw 8.1.8
26
cmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
""[am-\p-krX fmb Iasfmw kzoIcn- p- s Im- p- I .
GtXXp
Ia
\nyfmtWm Ah-sbmw XyPn-p-I. kXyam-sWp tXmp--Xns\ ]d-bp-Ibpw {]Ncn-n-p-Ibpw sNp-I. I-k-\ym-knbpw ZpcmNm-cn-bp-amb Hcp-h-t\bpw hniz-kn--cp-Xv. A\--amcpw Kpcphpw Bm-]n-p kXvIa-f-\p-jvTn--Ww. Ipn-Isf amXm-]n-Xm-
ImWmsX ]Tn-n-n-p [aw, hnZy, kZm-Nmcw, Fn-h-sb-p-dn-p tmI, \nLp, \ncp- w, hymI- c - W - k q{X, ap
kq{X, thZ-a{ apX-em-b-h-bpsS
AYw Kpcp Ahsc ]Tn-n--Ww. {]Y-tam-mk-n Cuiz-cs\ GXp hn[-n hWnpthm AtX hn[- n Dn hn`m- h \
sNbvXv D]m-kn--Ww. Btcm-Kyw, hnZy, _ew
Fnh ssIh-cp-hm tbmPn hn[w `-Ww,
hkv{X-[m-cWw apX-em-bh ioen-p-Ibpw ioenn-p-Ibpw sN-Ww. hni--S-p-hm Bhiy-ap--Xn Aev]w Ipdt `n-m-hq. aZyamw-km-Zn-I hPn--Ww. Bg-sa-{X-bp-sv
Adn-bm-sX sh-n CdcpXv. Fsm Pe- P - p- - f n \ntm thsd h
hkvXp--fn \ntm D]-{Zhw Dm-tb-mw.
\op hi-an-s-n apn-tm-Imw. ""\mhnmtX Pem-i-tb'' 6 F a\p-h-N-\-a-\p-kcnv Bg-a-dn-bm Pem-i-b-n Cdn Ipfn-cp-Xv. 7 ZrjvSn-]qXw \ytk-Xv]m-Zw, hkv{X]qXw Pew ]nt_Xv. kXy-]qXmw htZ-Zzm-Nw,
a\x-]qX kam-N-tc-Xv.
Xmsg t\mn \S--Ww. hkv{Xw sImv
Acn shta IpSn-m-hq. kXyw-sImv ]cnip--am-nb hmt ]d-bm-hq. a\-kp-sImv
Btem-Nnt {]hn-m-hq.
amXm-i{Xpx ]nXm sshco tb\ _mtem
\ ]mTnXx, \ tim`tX k`m-aty lwkaty _tIm -b-Ym 8. Fsmcp Ihn ]d-bpp. asf th-hw hnZym-`ymkw sNnm amXm-]n-Xm--m Ah-cpsS ]ca i{Xp-fm-Ip-p. Ah-cpsS aqV-k--Xn-I hnZzmm-cpsS k`-bn sNm, Ac-bfpsS
6
7
8
9
27
a\pkvarXn 4.129
a\pkvarXn 6.46
NmW-Iy-iX
- Iw
NmW-Iy-\oXn 2, 11
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmw kap-m-k-nse
kwkvIrX D-c-Wn-I
amXr-am ]nXr-am-\m-Nm-cy-hm ]pcptjm thZ., .............................. OmtmKy D]\n-jXvv 6.14.2
Kptcmx t{]Xky injykvXp ]nXr-ta[w kam-N-c.
t{]X-lmsscx kaw X{X Zi-cm-t{XW ipyXn..................................................... a-\pkvarXn 5.65
kmarssXx, ]mWn-`nLv\n Kpcthm \ hntjmn
ssXx eme-\m-{i-bntWm tZmjm-kvX-U-\m-{i-bntWm KpWmx ......................... alm-`mjyw 8.1.8
bm\y-kvamI(Mv)kpN-cn-Xm\n Xm\n Xz-tbm-]m-kym\n t\m CX-cmWn .........................................................ssXcob D]\n-jv 1.11
\mhn-mtX Pem-i-tb .................................................................................................. a-\pkvarXn 4.129
ZrjvSn-]qXw \ytk-Xv]m-Zw, hkv{X-]qXw Pew ]nt_Xv.
kXy-]qXmw htZ-Zzm-Nw, a\x-]qX kam-N-tc-X. .......................................................... a-\pkvarXn 6.46
amXm -i{Xpx ]nXm sshco tb\ _mtem \ ]mTnXx,
\ tim`tX k`m-aty lwk-aty _tIm- b-Ym ............................................. NmW-IriXIw 9
28
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
3
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Imiw
A[y-b\ A[ym-]\ k{-Zmbw
AY A[y-b-\m-[ym-]-\-hn[nw hymJym-kymax
aqm-as kap-m-k-n A[y-b\w A[ym]\w Fn-h-sb-n {]Xn-]m-Zn-mw. D-a-hnZy, t{ijvT-in--Ww, KpWw, Iaw, kz`mhw
Fn-hb
- m-Ip `qjWsfsmv Ipn-Isf
Ae- - c n- p- Xv amXm- ] n- X m- - m- c p- s Sbpw
A[ym-]-I-m-cp-sS-bpw, _p-P\fpsSbpw
Ihyfn {][m-\a
- m-Wv. kzw, shn,
amWn-Iyw, apv, ]hngw apX-emb cXv\
sImp-m-nb B`-cW AWn-bp--XpsImv a\p-jys Bflmhv Hcn-epw AewIr-X-amhpIbn-. 1 B B`-c-W-f-Wn-m
tZlm-`n-am-\w, hnj-b-kp-Jm-k-n, I-msc
`bw, Fnh hn-p-It- b-bp-q. Fp am{Xa; Nne-tm acWw IqSn kw`-hn-p--XmWv. B`-cWfWnp \S-p Ipn- I tfbpw apw ZpjvS-m sImm-dp--tm.
hnZym-hn-em-k-a-\tkm [rX-io-e-inmx
kXy-{hXm cln-X-am-\-a-em-]-lmcmx
kwkm-c-Zp-xJ-Z-e-t\\ kp`q-jnXm tb
[\ym \cm hnln-X-Icva ]tcm-]-Imcmx
hnZym-`ym-k-n Bk-n-bp a\-v,
kp-c-amb ioe-hpw, kz`m-hhpw Fn-h-tbmSp- I q- S n- b - h - c pw, kXyw ]d- b p- I , XpS- nb
\nbasf ]cn-]m-en-p--h-cpw, Al-m-cw,
A]-hn-{XX apX-emb tZmjfnm--h-cpw,
ap--h-cn-ep amen-\ys AI-n--f-bp--
29
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
3 bPpcvthZw36.3
4 ssXcob BcWyIw7.5
2 a\pkvarXn 7.152
30
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
AwKfmb kv\m\w, BN-a-\w, {]mWm-bmaw
apX-em-b {Inb-I-sfmw ]Tn-n--Ww. ico-cns _mlym-h-bhv ]cn-ip-nbpw
Btcm-Kyhpw Dm-p-X
- p-sIm-mWv kv\m\n\v {]m[m\yw \In-b-Xv. AXn\p {]amWw
a\p-kvar-Xn-bn-ep-v.
AZv`ncvKm-{Xm-Wn -ip-[yn
a\x ktXy\ ip[yXn
hnZym-X-t]m`ymw `qXmflm
_pncvm-t\-\- ip-[y-Xn 5
shw- s Imv ico- c - ns _mlym- h bhfpw kXym-Nc
- W
-
- m a\-pw, hnZybpw
X]kpw sImv (Fm tifpw kln-psImv [aw A\p-jvTn-p--Xn-\m) Pohmflm-hpw, m\w sImv AXm-b-Xv, ]rYnhn
XpSn PK- Z o- i z- c hsc- b p kIe
]ZmYtfbpw hnth-Nn--dn-bp-Xp sImp
_pnbpw ]cn-ip--am-Ip-p. AXn-\m `W-n\p app-Xs Ipfn-W
- w. cm-atXv
{]mWm-bm-a-am-Wv. AXn\p {]am-W-ambn:-
""tbmKmMvKm-\p-jvTm-\m-Z-ip-n-tb
m\-Zo-]vXncmhn-th-I-Jym-tXx'' 6
7
Fp tbmK-im-kv{X-n-se
hN-\w.
{]mWm-bmaw sNp a\p-jys ico-c-nse
Aipn bn-p-Ibpw m\w {]Im-in-pIbpw sNp-p. tamw e`n-p--Xp-hsc
Ahs Bfl-m\w {Ia-n hn-p-sImn-cn-pw.
Zlyt [vamb-am-\m\mw [mXq\mw ln
bYm aemx XtY-{n-bm-Wmw Zly-t -tZmjmx
{]mWky \n{K-lm-Xv 8
kzWw apX-emb teml-sf Npp-]-gp-nm Ah-bnse amen\yw \on ip-am-Ip-Xp-t]mse, {]mWm-bmaw sNp--hs a\kv
apX-emb C{nb-fpsS tZmj-samw \inv
\na-e-am-Ip-p. {]mWm-bma hn[n C{]-Im-cam-Wv.
{]cvZ-\-hn-[m-c-Wm`ymw hm {]mW-ky 9
in-]qhw On-p-tm tNmdpw shhpw
5 a\pkvarXn 5. 109
6 tbmKZi\w 2.28
(tbmKmw-Km-\p-jvTm-\m-Zi
- p-n-t- b...)
7 tbmKZi\w 2.52 (XXx- o-btX {]Im-im-hc
- Wav)
8 a\pkvarXn 6.71
9 tbmKZi\w 1.34
31
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
]pd-tp t]mIp--Xp-t]mse {]mW-hm-bphn-s\ in-]qhw ]pd-tp hnv BIm-hp{X kabw shfn-bn \ntcm-[np \npI. C- s\ sNp- t m aqte- { n- b s
apI`m- K - t v sXsmp BIjnp
\n- W w. C- s\bm- b m {]mW- h m- b phns\ IqSp-X kabw XSpp-\np-hm
Ign-bpw. hnjaw A\p-`-h-s-Sp-tm hmbp
Aev]m-ev]-ambn Dn-tep hen-s-Sp-pI
]noSv AXns\ apn-es an Xs ]pdtp hnSpI A-s\ inbpw Cbpw
Dn- S - t mfw Bhn- p- I . B ka- b smw a\km HmwImcw P]n--Ww. C{]Imcw A\p-jvTn-m Bflm-hn\pw a\-n\pw
]cn-ip-nbpw nc-Xbpw e`n-pw.
{]mWm-bmaw \mep-hn-[-ap-v. Hm-a-tXv
_mly-hn-j-bw. ZoL-t\cw {]mWs\ shfnbn \npI FYw. cm-a-tXv B`y-cw. {]mWs\ Ign-bp-{X Dn-sem-Xpn
\np--Xp-sImv B`y-cw Fp ]d-bpp. aqm-a-tXv kvXw`-hr-n-bm-Wv. hmbphns\ bYm-in kvXw`n-np \np--XpsImv kvXw`-hr-n-sb-p ]d-bp-p. \mema-tXv _mlym-`y-c
- m-t-]n-bm-Wv. {]mW
Dn \nv ]pd-tp t]mIp-tm As\ hnSmsX AXn\p hncp--ambn ]pdp
\nv AI-tp {]mWs\ hen-p-Ibpw
AI- t p hcp- t m, AI- p- \ np
XSp ]pdp \np-Ibpw sNp--XmWv
_mlym-`y-c-hn-j-bw. C-s\ ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp-ambn {In-b-I-f-\p-jvTnv {]mWm-bmaw ioenm cn-sbpw KXn \nev {]mW hi-Kam- h p- I bpw XZzmcm a\kpw C{nb- fpw
kzm[o-\-am-hp-Ibpw sNpw. _ehpw ]pcpjmYhpw hnv _pn XojvWhpw
kqvahpw Bhp-Ibpw kqvahpw ITn-\hpamb hnjb- t]mepw {]bmkw IqSmsX
{Kln-p-hm Ign-bp-Ibpw sNpw. IqSmsX
ico-n hocy-hr-n-bp-m-hp-Ibpw _ew,
]cm-{I-aw, PntX-{n-bXzw Fo KpW-
Dm-hp-Ibpw Aev]-Imew sImv kI-e-imkv{X-fpw ]Tnp hbvp-hm Ign-bp-I-bpw
sNpw. kv{XoIfpw C{]-Imcw tbmKm-`ymkw
sNt--Xm-Wv.
`-Ww, hkv{X-[m-c-Ww, Ccn-v, \nev]v, \S-
10 a\pkvarXn 2.104
32
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
kn-thf ct Dq; thsd-bn-. Ipd-]w Hcp aWn-q-sd-nepw [ym\-n-en-cn-t-Xm-Wv. tbmKn-I kam-[n-bn-en-cpp ]c-amflm- h ns\ [ym\n- p- - X p- t ]m- s e- b mWv
ktym-]m-k\ sNt--Xpw.
kqtcym- Z - b - n\p tij- h pw, Akv X - a - \ n\p app-amWv An-tlm-{X-ns ka-bw.
An-tlm{Xw sNm antem As-n
teml-n-tem, D]-cn-`mKw ]{tm ]Xn\mtdm AwKpew Bg-tm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpw, ]{
tm ]Xn-\mtdm AwKpew \ofw hoXn-bn
ka-NX
- p-c
- nepw A{Xbpw AwKpew, Bg-tmSp-Iq-Snbpw aqtm \mtem AwKpew hoXw \ofw
hoXn-bn ka-N-Xp-c-amb ASn--tm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw
Hcp thZn \nan-t--Xm-Wv. ka-N-Xp-c-amb
thZn-bpsS apI`m-K-ns \men-sem-m-bncn-Ww ASn--ns hen-w. Cu tXmX-\pk-cnv thZn-bpsS Afhp IW-m--Ww. thZnbn N-\w, miv, amhv apX-emb t{ijvTh
- rfpsS XSn-j
- W- apdnv thZn-bpsS hen-n-\-\p-k-cnv IjW-fmbn ]Sp-p-I.
AXns ay-n An Pzen-nv AXns
apI-fn sNdnb hnd-Ip-I-jW- hbvp-I.
AXns tijw, kzWw sImtm, shnsImtm acwsImtm \nan Hcp t{]mWo-]m-{Xw, Hcp {]Wo-Xm-]m-{Xw, Hcp BPy-men, Hcp {kphw Fo tlma-]m{X-sfSp-v
{]- W oXm]m{X- nepw t{]m- W o- ] m- { Xnepw shhpw BPy-m-en-bn Dcp-nb
s\pw \nd- p- s h- b v p- I . {]Wo- X m- ] m{Xw
shw \nd-p-sh-p--hm-\p-Xpw t{]m-Wo]m{Xw AXn\np ssI Igp- I p- h m- \ mbn
shw FSp-p-hm kuI-cy-n\p thn-bp-Xp-am-Ip-p. CsXmw Hcp-n-sh--tijw
s\v NqSp-]n-Sn-nv AXns\ \-hw ]cntim-[nv
33
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
`h-Xn.
3. AY bm\n NXp--Xzm-cnw-i-ZzcvjmWn
Xm[yn\w kh\w NXp-X
- zm-cnw-iZ-
- cm
{XnjvSp]v ss{XjvSp`w am[y-n\w kh\w
XZky cp{Zm A\zmbmx {]mWm hmh cp{Zm
GtX loZw kcvhw tcmZ-b-n.
4. Xw tNtZ-X-kvan-\z-bkn Inn-Zp-]-Xt] {_qbmXv{]mWm cp{Zm CZw ta am[yn\w kh\w XrXob kh\-a\p k-\ptXXn amlw {]mWm\mw cp{ZmWmw at[y
btm hntem- ] v k o- t b- X yp- s sh XX
GXy-KtZm l `h-Xn.
5. AY bm\y-jSv m-NX
- zm-cn-iw-ZzcvjmWn XXv
Xr-Xobkh-\-a-jvSm-NXzm-cn-i-Z-cm PKXo
PmK- X w - X r- X ob kh\w XZ- k ym- Z n- X ym\zmbmx {]mWm hmhm-ZnXym GtX loZw
kcvh-am-Z-Z-tX.
6. Xw tNtZ-X-kvan hbkn Inn-Zp-]-Xt] {_qbmXv{]mWm BZnXym CZw ta
XrXo-b-k-h\ ambp-c-\p-kw-X-\p-tXXn amlw
{]mWm\mam-Zn-Xym\mw at[y btm hntem
-]vko-tb-Xyp-ssh XX GXyKtZm sslh
`hXn
Cu hmIy- Omtm-tKym-]-\n-j-n-ep-h-bm-Ip-p 13.
{_N-cyw --I-\n-jvTw, a[y-aw, Daw Fns\ aqp hn[-n-em-Wv.
1. Ah-bn I\n-jvT-amb {_-Ncyw C{]-Im-cam- W v . ]pcp- j AYhm A- c - k - a - b - a mb
tZlhpw B tZl- n IpSn- s Im- p
Bflmhpw b-am-Ip-p. AXm-bXv kXvKpWtfmSp IqSn-bXpw kXvI-hy-hp-am-Ipp
FYw. AXn-\m B ]pcp-j Xs Bbpkn 24 hbkp XnI-bp--Xp-hsc PntX-{nb\pw {_-Nm-cnbpw Bbn-cpv thZmZn hnZyI- t fbpw thpw h- a p in- W hpw
{Klnv hnhmlw sNbvXmepw kv{Xoe--S-\mImsX Ign-bp-hm ioen-W
- w. A-s\ sNp-bm-fns {]mW- _e-ap-h
- b
- m-bn, KpWk-q-ambn `hn-pw.
2. hnZym-`ym-k-n\v X]kp sNp {_Nmcn A[ym-]I D]t-tZ-inpw ]Sn i]Yw
35
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
36
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
n-p-I. (A--bx) Bl-h-\n-bmZn An-Itfbpw an apX-em-b-h-tbbpw Adnv hnZyI A`y- k n- p- I bpw A`y- k n- n- p- I bpw
sNWw (A- n- t lm- { Xw) An- t lm{Xw
sNbvXp-sImvv ]Tn-p-Ibpw ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw
sN-Ww. (A-Xn-Y-bx) AXn-Yn-Isf k-cnp-sImv ]Tn-p-Ibpw ]Tn-n-p-I-bpw sNWw. (am- \ p- j w) a\p- j yp tbmKy- a mb
euInI hyh-lm-c-sf bYm-hn[n \nh-lnp-sImv ]Tn-p-Ibpw ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw sNWw. ({]-Pm) km\-sfbpw cmPy-tbpw
]cn-]m-en-p-sImv ]Tn-p-Ibpw ]Tn-n-pIbpw sN-Ww. ({]-P-\x) hocys cn-pIbpw hn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImv ]Tnp-I, ]Tn-n-p-I. ({]-Pm-Xnx) kzk-m\tfbpw injy- h K- t bpw ]cn- ] m- e n- psImv ]Tn-bpw ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw sNt-Xm-Wv.
bam tk-thX kXXav
\ \nb-am tIh-em _p[x 16
bam ]-X-Xy-IpcvhmtWm
\nb-am tIh-em `P. 17
X{Xm-lnw-km-k-Xym-kvtX-b{_--N-cym-]-cn-{K-lm -b-amx. 18
baw Ap hn[-am-Wv. (A-lnw-k) Hcp PohntbmSpw sshc-an-m-Xn-cn-p-I. (k-Xyw) Nnbnepw hmnepw Ia-nepw kXys ]menp-I. (B-kvtX-bw) a\km hmNm IaWm
Ifhp Imm-Xn-cn-p-I. ({_--N-cyw) D]-t{nb kwb-aw, (A-]-cn-{K-lw) AXym-{K-lhpw
XtsXv A`n-am-\-hp-an-m-Xn-cn-pI Fo
Av ba-sf kZm A\p-jvTn--Ww.
iuN-k-tm-j-X-]x-kzm-[ym-tb-izc{]Wn-[m\m\n \nbamx 19 (iu-Nw) ipNnXzw (k-tmjw) {]k--X-tbmsS sXmgn-sem-p-an-m-sXbn-cn-p--X, Ign-bp-{X ]cn-{i-anv em`\jvS
- fpm-Ip-tm B\-n-p-Itbm ZpxJnp-Itbm sNm-Xn-cn-p-XmWv ktm-jw.
(X-]x) IjvS-spw [manI Ia-f\p-jvTnp-I. (kzm-[ym-bw) ]Tn-bpw ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw
37
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
22 a\pkvarXn 2.88
23 a\pkvarXn 2.93
24 a\pkvarXn 2.97
25 a\pkvarXn 2.105-106
20 a\pkvarXn 2.2
21 a\pkvarXn 2.28
38
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
26 a\pkvarXn 2.121
27 a\p-kvar-Xn-bn hmMva-\kn FmWv ]mTw
28 a\p-kvar-Xn 2.159 & 160
29 a\p-kvar-Xn 2.162
30 a\p-kvar-Xn 2.164
31 a\p-kvar-Xn 2.168
32 a\p-kvar-Xn 2.180
39
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
40
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
m [am-[a-sf thZ-n\n-p-am-{Xta
icn-bmbn \nivN-bn-p-hm Ign-bq.
BNm-cy Xs injy-mv C-s\ D]tZiw \I- W w. hnti- j nv cmPm- - m,
ap {Xn-b-m, sshiy-m, D-a-cmb
iq{Z-m Fn-h-tcbpw hnZym-`ymkw sNn-Ww. Fs-m, {_m-W am{Xw hnZym`ymkw sNp-Ibpw {Xn-bcpw apw hnZym`ymkw shSn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXm hnZy, [aw,
cmPyw, [\w apX-em-b-h-sbmpw Hcn-epw
A`n-hr-n-s-Sp-I-bn-. {_m-W am{Xw ]Tnp-Ibpw ]Tn-n-pIbpw sNbvXm Ahv
{Xn-bm-Zn-I-fn \nv D]-Po-h-\-amKw t\Sn
Poh-k
- m-cWw sNm-sa-nepw {_m-W As\ D]-Po-h-\-n\v ASn-a-s-v, {Xn-bmZn-Isf thpw hw imknp inn-m-Xncp-m {_m-W-cpssS kI-ecpw A[an s]p-t]m-Ipw. {Xn-bm-Zn-Ipw hnZym`ymkw e`nm {_m-Wcpw hnZym-`ymkw
sNp--Xnepw [am-\p-jvTm-\-nepw A[nIw
PmK-cq-I-cm-Ipw. IqSmsX hnZzm-m-cmb {Xnbm-Zn-If
- psS apn hymPhpw Im]-Syhpw ImWnp-hm {_m-Wp km[n-p-I-bp-an-.
{Xn-bcpw apw Adnhpw ]Tn-pw Cm--hcm-bm {_m-W XnjvSw sNp-Ibpw
sNn-p-Ibpw sNpw. t{ib-p-m-IW
- sav
{_m- W B{K- l n- p- p- s - n Ah
{Xn-bm-Zn-I-sfbpw ]Wn-spXs thZmZn
imkv{X-f`y-kn-n-W
- w. hnZy, [aw, cmPyw,
k-v, Fn-hsb hn-n-p-Xv {Xnbm-Zn-I-fm-Wv. Ah Hcn-epw `nm-hr-n-mc-. AXn-\m Ah hnZym-`ym-k-hn-j-b-n
kzbw {i-bp--h-c-. hnZym-`ym-k-n\pw
inWn\pw kh{X {]Nmcw knn-m
hymPhpw A[ahpw \nd Im]Sy-sf
Bpw {]N-cn-n-p-hm km[n-p-I-bn-.
{Xn-bm-Zn-Isf [aw, \ymbw Fn-h-bpsS
hgn-bn-eqsS k-cn-n-p-Xv {_m-W-cpw,
k\ym-kn-am-cp-am-sW-pw, {_m-W, k\ymkn- a m Fn- h sc \ymb- a mb amK- n
{]hn-n-p-Xv {Xn-bm-Zn-If
- pamsWpw
CXn \np knn-p-p. AXn-\m kv{Xo]pcp-j-t`Zw IqSmsX Fhn-sSbpw hnZym-`ym-kw,
[aw Fn-hsb AXym-h-iy-ambpw {]N-cn-n-Ww.
[am- \ p- j v S m- \ - n kZm Xev ] - c - \ m- b n- c nWw. 2) [as bYm-hn[n A\p-jvTn-m-h\v thZ-{ ]-X n-] m-Z nX [a-n \np
mIp kpJ^ew e`y-a-. hnZym-`ymkw
Ignv [am-N-cWw sNp--h-\t{X kq
kpJs {]m]n-p--Xv.
tbmf-h-a-t\yX tX aqte tlXp-im-kv{Xm{i-bmZv ZznPx. k km[p-`ncv_-ln-jvImtcym
\mkvXntIm thZ-\n--Ix 37
thZ-tfbpw, thZm-\p-Iq-e-fpw B]vX-]pcp-j-m Fgp-Xn-b-Xp-amb imkv{X-tfbpw
\nnp \mkvXn-I-m-cmb thZ-\n--Isc
\mn \npw, PmXn-bn \npw Iq-n
\npw ]pdw-X-f-f-Ww. Fs-m
{ipXnx 38 kvarXnx kZm-Nmcx kzky N
{]nb- a m- fl - \ x GX- - X pcv h n[w {]mlpx
kmm aky e-Wav 39
thZw, kvarXn--th-Zm\p-km-cnbpw B]vX-c-NnX-hp-amb a\p-kvarXn apX-emb imkv{X-,
\-hc
- psS BNmc-, k\m-X\-, AYhm
thZ-fn Cuizcm-\p-im-k\w sNbvX Ia, Bflmhn\v {]nb-ambB-flmhv Fns\
B{K-ln-p-pthm AXv, kXy-`m-j-WmZn-I
Cu \mepw [a-ns eW-fmIp-p.
[am-[a-sf Xocp-am-\n-p--Xn-\p Afhp- t Im Ch- b m- W v . ]- ] mXw IqSmsX
\ymbw, kXyw, Fnh kzoI-cn-v, Ak-Xys
XyPn-p--Xt{X icn-bmb [aw. CXn\v hncp-ambn ]-]m-X-tm-Sp-IqSn A\ym-bw, AkXyw, Fn-hsb kzoI-cnv kXy-\o-Xn-Isf
XyPn-p-Xv A[a-hp-am-Wv.
AcvY-Im-ta-jz-k-m\mw [cva-m\w
hn[o-btX [cva-Pn-m-k-am-\m\mw {]amWw
]caw {ipXnx 40
AY-n\pw (kzWw, cXv\- apX-emb-h) Ima-n\pw (kv{Xo tkh apX-em-b-h)
ASn-as
- -Sm-h
- \p am{Xta [a-m\w DmIp-p-q. [a-m\w Cn-p--h thZn \nv AXns\ \nW-bn--Ww. Fs37 a\p-kvar-Xn 2.11
38 a\p-kvar-Xn-bn thZx Fp ]mTw
39 a\p-kvar-Xn 2.12
40 a\p-kvarXn 2.13.
41
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
]ZmY-ns km[ayw sImp]pXp-Xmbn
Adn-tb hkvXp-hns m\-ap-m-p
{]am-W-amWv D]-am-\w. ""D]-ao-btX tb\ XZp]-am-\w-'' Hcp-h Hcp `rXy-t\mSv "'\o hnjvWpan-{Xs\ hnfn-p-sIm-phm'' Fp ]d-p.
Atm `rXy, ""Rm Abmsf Hcn-epw
In-n-tm'' Fp adp-]Sn ]d-t- m ""Cu
\np tZh- Z - - s \- t m- s e- b mWv B
hnjvWp-an-{X'' Fv bP-am-\ hni-Zo-I-cn-p.
Abm sNv tZh-Z--s\-tm-sem-cp-hs\
Iv, ""Cbm-fmWv hnjvWp-an-{X'' Fp \nbnv Abm-sf Iqn-sm-p-h-p. \oe-mf
Fp t] ]d-bp arKw ]ip-hn-s\-tm-sebpXmsWp tI-dn-hp--bm Imn ]iphn-s\-tm-se-bp Hcp arKs ImWp-Ibpw
""CXmWv \oe-mf'' Fp Xocp-am-\n-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Ccw kmZr-iy-PvRm-\-amWv D]-am\w.
\mem-a-tXv i_vZ-{]-am-W-am-Ip-p.
B]vtXm-]-tZix i_vZx. (\ym-b. 1.1.7) ]cn]qW- ] m- W v U nXyw knn- , [am- fl mhpw
]tcm-]-Im-cn-bpw, kXy-hm-Znbpw ]ucp-j-ap-h\pw C{nb-sf Iog-S-n-b-h\pw X\np
knn Adn-hn-t\bpw kpJw e`n hgn-Itfbpw ap--hp a\-kn-em-n-sm-Sp--Wsa-p B{K-la
- p-h
- \pw a\p-jy-cp-sS-sbmw
t{ib-n-\mbn ]rYn-hn-sXmv Cuiz-c hscbpff kIe ]ZmY- fpsSbpw m\w
km-Zn-v, D]-tZi- \Ip--h-\p-amb
alm-]p-cp-j-\mWv B]vX. B]vX
-- mcpsS D]tZi-fpw kqW B]v-X-\mb Cuiz-c
D]t-Z-in thZ-fpamWv i_vZ-{]-am-Ww.
Am-a-tXv sFXn-ly-am-Ip-p.
\ NXp-jvSv-hssa-Xn-lymcvYm-]-n-kw-`-hm`mhm {]mamWymXv. (\ym-b. 2.2.1) CXn l FXn\v CXv C{]-Imcw Bbn-cpp FYw.
Ah A{]-Im-c-samw {]hnp Fp ]dbp {]amWw, AXm-bXv Hcp-hs Poh-N-cn{X-amWv sFXn-lyw.
Bdm-a-tXv AYm-]-n-bm-Ip-p.
""AcvYmZm-]-ZytX km AcvYm-]-nx. tI\Nn-Zp-NytX: kXvkpLt\jp hrjvSnx kXn
ImctW Imcyw `h-XoXn Ina{X {]k-Py-tX.
AkXv k p Lt\jp hrjv S nckXn Imc-
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
44
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Imem-tJy-Xn. (ssh. 2.2.9) \nXy-h-kvXp--fn
Cm-Xp sImpw A\n-Xy-h-kvXp--fn
am{Xw D-Xp-sImpw Imc-W-n XsbmWv Ime-kw-.
CX CZ-anXn bXkv-X-niyw enwKav. (ssh.
2.2.10) Ing-v, sXv, ]Sn-m-dv, hS-v, apI,
Xmsg Fo hn[-n hyh-l-cn-p--XmWv
Znv.
BZn-Xy-kw-tbm-KmZv `qX-]qcvhmZv `hn-jy
tXm `qXm {]mNo (ssh. 2.2.14) BZn-Xys
kwtbmKw GsXmcp Znn-emtWm {XnIm-e-fnepw Hm- a - X mbn Dm- I p- Xv AXns\
Ingv Fpw BZn- X y Akv X - a n- p
Znns\ ]Sn-mdv Fpw ]d-bp-p. Ingtmp t\mn-\np Bfns he-Xp-`mKw
sXpw CS-p-`mKw hSpw BIp-p.
GtX\ ZnK- - c m- e m\n hymJym- X m\n
(ssh. 2.2.16) Ing-n\pw sXn\pw a[y-n
BKv-t\bo Znpw sXn\pw ]Sn-m-dn\pw
a[y-n ss\cv-EXo Znpw ]Sn-mdv hSv
Fn-h-bpsS a[y-n hmb-ho-Zn-pw, hSn\pw Ing-n\pw CS-bn sFim-\-Zn-p-amWv.
Cm-tZz-j-{]-b-Xv\-kp-J-Zpx-J-m-\m-\ymflt\m enMvK-an-Xn. (\ym-b. 1.1.10) C. tZzjw,
{]b-Xv\w, (]p-cp-jmYw), kpJw, ZpxJw, Adnhv
Fo KpW- D- X m- W v , Pohm- fl m- h v .
sshti-jn-I-Zi-\-n hnti-jm- ]d-ncn-p--Xn-{]-Im-c-am-Wv.
{]mWm-f]m-\\
- n-ta-tjm-tj Poh-\a
- t- \m-KXo-{n-bm-cv hnImcmx kpJ-, ZpxtJmtZzj{]-b-Xv\m-m-flt\m enMvKm\n (ssh. 3.2.4)
({]m-W) hmbp-hns\ AI-p-\np ]pd-tp
Xp-I, (A-]m-\) ]pd-p-\nv AI-tv
hmbp-hns\ hen-s-Sp-p-I 42, (\n-ta-j) IS-p-I, (D-t-j) Ip-an-gn-p-I, (Po-h-\)
{]mW-[m-cWw sNp-I, (a-\x) a\-\w, Nn,
Adnhv (K-Xn) btYjvSw Ncn-pI (C{n-b)
fm-Wv.
cq]-c-k-kv]cvi-hXy Bt]m {Zhmx kv\n
Kv[mx. (ssh. A. 2 . 1. 2) cq]w, ckw, kv]iw
Fo KpW--fp-Xpw {Zhhpw kv\nKv-hpam-bn-p {Zhy-s-bmWv Pew Fp ]d-bp-Xv. Pe-ns kzm`m-hnI KpWw ck-am-Wv.
cq]w kv]iw Fo KpW- An-bp-sSbpw
hmbp-hn-sbpw kwtbmKw sImp-m-Ip-h-bm-Wv.
A]vkp ioXXm (ssh. 2.2.5) Pe-n
ioXXzw (Ip-fna) F KpWhpw IqSn kzm`mhn-I-am-bvp--Xm-Ip-p.
tXtPm cq]-kv]i-hXv (ssh. 2.1.3) cq]w
kv]iw Fo KpW--tfmSp IqSn-b-XmWv
tXP-kv. tXP-kns kzm`m-hn-I-Kpaw cq]-am-Ipp. kv]iw hmbp-hns kw sImpm-Ip--Xm-Wv.
kv]cvi-hm hmbpx (ssh. 2.1.4) kv]iKpWw am{X-ap--XmWv hmbp. kv]i-n\v
NqSpw Ipfnabpw Dm-Ip-Xv tXP-kn-tbpw
Pe-n-tbpw kwtbmKw sImm-Ip-p.
X BImti \ hnZy-t. (ssh. 2.1.5) cq]w,
ckw, Kw, kv]iw, Fo KpW--sfmpw
BIm-i-n C. BIm-i-n-ep KpWw
i_vZw am{X-am-Ip-p.
\njv { I- a Ww {]th- i - \ - a n- X ym- I m- i ky
enwKav (ssh. 2.1.20) \njv{I-aWw _ln`m-Ktv Ka\w, {]th-i\wA`m-K-tv
BK-a\w Fo cp {Inb-I D {Zhy-amWv
BIm-iw.
Imcym-c
- m-{]m-Zpcv`m-hm i_vZx-kv]cvih
- Xm-aK
- pWx (ssh. 2.1.25) ]rYnhn apX-emb Imcy-fn \nv i_vZw {]I-S-am-Im-bvI-bm
i_vZw, kv]i-Kp-Wa
- p `qan apX-em-bh
- b
- psS
KpW-a-. {]XypX BIm-i-ns KpW-am-Ipp.
A]-c-kvan--]cw bpK-]-ncw n{]-anXn
Ime-enw-Km\n (ssh. 2.2.6) A]cw (]n-o-Sv)
]cw (ap-v) bpK-]Xv (H-tc-k-a-bw) Nncw (hnfw-_w) n{]w (th-Kw) apX-emb {]tbm-K GsXm- n- e p- m- I p- p- t hm, AXmWv
Imew.
\ntXyjz-`m-hm-Z\
- n-tXyjp `mhm-Xv Im-ctW
45
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
46
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
amWv ssh[ayw. ]rYn-hn-bn-ep ImTn-\yw,
ipjvI-X, K-hXzw Fo [a- Pe-nep ImTn-\yw, am-hw, ck-hXzw Fo
[afn \np hncpfmI- b m
ssh[ay--fm-Wv.
Imc- W - ` m- hmXv Imcy- ` mhx (ssh. 4.1.3)
ImcWw Ds-nte Imcyw Dm-hq.
\ Xp Imcym-`m-hmXv Imc-Wm-`mhx (ssh.
1.2.2.) Imcyw Dm-bn-n-m-bvI-bm ImcWw
Csp hcp--X-.
Imc- W m-- f `m- h mXv Imcym--f `mhx (ssh.
1.2.1)ImcWw Cs-n Imcyw Hcn-epw Dmhp-I-bn-.
Imc-W-Kp-W-]qcvh-Ix-Im-cy-KptWm ZrjvSx
(ssh. 2.1.24) Imc-W-n ImWp KpW-
am{Xta Imcy-nepw ImWp-Ib
- p-q. ]cn-amWw
cp-hn-[-n-em-Ip-p.
AWp al-ZnXn Xkvan hnti-j-`m-hm-Zznti-jm-`m-hm (ssh. 7.1.11) AWp (kq-vaw)
alXv (h-ep-Xv) Fns\ ]cn-amWw cphn-[w. {Xk-tcWp Ipn-tb-m sNdpXpw
hr-t-m hep-Xp-am-Ip-p. AXp-t]m-seXs ]hXw `qan-tb-m sNdpXpw hrt-m hepXpw BWv.
kZnXn btXm {Zhy- K p- W - I cv a kp km
km (ssh. 1.2..7) ""kXv{Z-hyw, kZvKp-Wx,
kXvIcvax'' km-b-{Zhyw kmb KpWw
kmb Iaw Fn- s\ h- a m\
Imes Ipdn-p kXv F i_vZ-tm-SpIqSn {Zhy KpW-Iap A\z-b-sbmWv k-sbp ]d-bp--Xv.
`mthm-- f \p-hr-t-tch tlXp- hmXv kmam\y-tah (ssh. 1.2.4) k F `mhw kIe
hkvXp--fnepw A\p-hnp nXn-sN-p-Xp-sImv AXns\ alm-km-am\yw Fp
]d-bp-p. Cu ]d-Xp apgp-h\pw `mh-]ZmYs kw_-n-m-Wv. A`mhw Ap
hn[-n-em-Wv.
{Inbm-Kp-W-hy-]-tZ-im-`m-hm-Xv {]m-K-kXv
(ssh.9.1.1) {Inbm-KpWfpsS hnti-j\
- n-an-ns A`m-h-n\p app AkXv (C-mbva, A`m-hw) FYw. IpSw, hkv{Xw apXem-bh Dev]-np apv Dm-bn-cp-n-. B
Cm-bva-bmWv {]mK-`m-hw.
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cm-a-tXv
kZ-kXv (ssh. 9.1.2) Dmb IpSw CmXm-bn-tm-Ip--Xp-t]mse Hcn- Dm-bnv
]noSv Cm-Xp-Ip--Xns\ {]zw-km-`mhw
Fp ]d-bp-p.
aqm-a-t-Xv
km-kXv (ssh. 9.1.4) Dspw ]p\-cnspw ""AsKu-c-tizm-\-tizmKu'' IpXnc ]iph; ]ip IpXn-c-bp-a-. IpXn-cbn IpXn-c-bpsS-bpw, ]ip-hn ]ip-hn-sbpw `mhw Dv.
AXp-t]mse IpXn-c-bn ]ip-hn-sbpw ]iphn IpXn-c-bp-sSbpw A`mhw D-tm. Cu
A`m-hs At\ym-\ym-`mhw Fp ]d-bp-p.
\mem-a-t-Xv
bm-\y-Zk
- Z- X
- k
- vXZ- k
- Xv (ssh. 9.1.5) ap]d aqv A`m-h
- f
- n \npw `n-amb A`mh-n\v AXy-m-`mhw Fp ]d-bp-p. a\pjys sImv, BIm-iI
- p-kp-aw, hym-]p-{X
apX-em-b-h-bpsS A`mhw Cu C\-n s]Spp.
Ama-tXv:
\mkvXn LtSm tKl CXn ktXm LSky
tKl- kw-kcvK {]Xn-tj[x (ssh. 9.1.10)
hon IpS-an Fp ]d-m as-hn-sStbm
Ds-pw, hoSn-t\mSv IpS-n\p _-an-sp-am-WYw. CXns\ kw_-m-`m-h-sap ]dbp-p. Cs\ A`mhw Aphn-[-n-em-Wv.
C{nbtZmjm-Xv kw-kvImctZmjm-m-hnZym
(ssh. 9.2.15) C{n-b--fp-sSbpw kwkvIm-cn-sbpw tZmjw-sImv AhnZy Dm-Ip-p.
Xp-jvS-m-\av (ssh. 9.2.11) ZpjvS-amb
m\w--hn-]-co-X-m-\w--BWv Ahn-Zy.
AZpjvSw hnZym. (ssh. A. 9 B. 2. kq. 12)
AZp-jvS-amb m\w AY-hm, bYmY-m-\amWv hnZy.
]rYn-hym-Zn-cq-]-c-k-K--kv]im {Zhym\nXyXzm-Z\nXym. (ssh. 7.1.2) GtX\ \ntXyjp
\nXyXz-ap-av (ssh. 7.1.9) Imcy-cq-]-amb ]rYn-
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
bpsS DZm-lc-- Ww a\-kn-em--Ww. `mKx A[ymbx. \mbIx kvXmh-Ix, ImcIx Fo ]Z-sfmw DZm-l-c-W--fm-Ip-p.
`mKw : `Pv F [mXp-hn\p ]c-ambn LRv
{]Xybw hcp-p. {]Xy-b-n-ep LImcw
RImcw Fo cp hW- CXvkw
hv tem]nv AImcw am{Xw tijn-p-p.
`PvA Fp tijn-p--Xn `Pv F {]IrXn-bn-ep `Im-c-n \np ]chpw PIm-cn \np ]qh- h p- a mb AIm- c - ns
m\- n hrnkw- t bmSp IqSnb
BImcw hv `mPv A Fm-Ip-p. ]ns
PIm-c-ns m\-n KImcw hcn-Ibpw
HSp-hn `mKx F cq]w knn-p-Ibpw sNp
p.
A[ymb :--: A[n F D]-kK-tm-Sp-IqSnb CMv [mXp-hn-ep {lkz CIm-c-ns
m\-v, LRv {]Xybw ]c-am-bn, sF Fp
hrn-hc
- p-p. ]noSv sFIm-c
- n\v Bbv Fv
BtZiw hv Fmw IqSn tNv A[ymbx
F cq]-ap-m-Ip-p.
\mb-I :- \oRv [mXp-hn\v ]c-ambn Wzpev
{]Xybw hcp-tm [mXp-hn-ep ZoL-amb
CuIm-c
- ns m\v sFImcw hrn, B
sFIm-c
- n\v Bbv Fv BtZiw hv, (AI,
F {]Xy-bm-tZiw tNv 46) \mbIx F
cq]w \njv]--am-Ip-p.
kvXmh-I : kvXp [mXp-hn Wzpev {]Xy
bw tNcp-tm [mXp-hnse {lkz-Im-c-ns
m\v HuImcw hrn, HuIm-c-n\v Bhv
Fv BtZ-iw. Fmw tNv kvXmhIx F
cq]w Dm-Ipp
Imc-I : IrRv [mXp-hn\p ]c-ambn Wzpev
{]Xybw hcp-p. {]Xy-b-ns BZy-nep W Imc-n\pw Ah-km-\-n-ep e
Im- c - n\pw CXvkwbpw tem]hpw
tijn hp F-Xn\v AI Fv BtZ-ihpw
hcp-p. [mXp-hn-ep EIm-c-ns m\v
Bcv Fv hrn hv ImcIx Fp knnp-p.
]qhm--] - c - { ]- t bm- K - - s f- n GsXmw
kq{X- tfsmv Fsmw Imcy-
hn[n-n-ptm AsXmw ]d-p-sIm-Sp-p-
bm-[mc _w DZm-l-c-Ww.
Cs\ imkv{X-{]-am-W--sf-smv ]con-nt ]Tn-p-Ibpw ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw sNmhq. A\yYm hnZymYn-Iv Hcn-epw kXyt_m[w Dm-hp-I-bn-. ]Tn-n-p-hm-\p
{K-sf C{]-Imcw ]cn-tim-[n-v, kXy-amb-hsb am{Xta ]Tn-n-m-hq. hncp-a
- mb {Ksf ]Tn-p-Itbm, ]Tn-n-p-Itbm sN-cpXv. Fs-m, e-W-{]-am-Wm`ymw hkvXpknnx. ""K-hXo ]rYnho'' K-ap--XmWv
]rYnhn CXymZn e-W--sfbpw {]Xy-mZn
{]am-W--sfbpw sImmWv Fm kXym-kXy-fpw ]ZmY-X-zhpw \nW-bn-p--Xv.
e- W - { ]- a m- W - - f n- msX Hn- t \bpw
\nWbn-m-hp--X-.
46 tImjvT
- n-teXv ]cn-`m-jI
- t- -Xm-Wv.
49
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
50
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
`mhmY-hn-h-c-Wk-lnXw A[ym-]-I-m ]Tnn-p-Ibpw hnZymYn-I ]Tn-p-Ibpw sNWw. CXn\v Hcp hjw aXn. ]ns ]qh-aoamw- k , sshti- j n- I w, \ymbw, tbmKw,
kmwJyw, thZmw Fo Bdp Zi-\--sf,
(im-kv{X--sf) Inm-hp-n-S-tmew Ejn-{]Wo- X - - f mb hymJym- \ - tfmSp IqSntbm
AXn-s-n D-a-hn-Zzm-m-cpsS kc-f-hym--Jym\--tfmSp IqSntbm ]Tn-p-Ibpw ]Tn-n-pIbpw sN-Ww. Fm thZm--kq-{X-
]Tn-p--Xn\p apv Cuim-hm-kyw, tI\w,
ITw, {]iv\w, apWvU-Iw, amWvUq-Iyw, sFXtc-bw, ssXn-co-bw, Otm-Kyw, _rl-Zm-cWyIw Fo ]v D]-\n-j-p-I ]Tn-Ww. AXn-\p-tijw Bdv Zi-\--fpsS aqekq-{X-sf Ah-bpsS hrn-tbmSpw `mjytmSpw IqSn cp-sIm--n-\Iw ]Tn-n-pIbpw ]Tn-p-Ibpw sN-Ww. ]ns sFXtc-bw, iX]-Yw, kmaw 50, tKm]-Yw, Fo
\mep {_m-W--tfmSp IqSn \mep thZ-fpw
kzcw, i_v Z w, AYw, kw_- w, {Inb
Fnh klnXw Bdp-sImw sImv ]Tn-Ww. CXn\p {]am-Ww:
mWp- c bw `mc- l mcx Inem- ` q- Z - [ oXy
thZw \ hnPm-\mXnftbmfcvYav. tbmfcvY
CXvkIew `{Z-aiv\ptX \mItaXn m-\hn-[qX]m]vam. 51
Fsmcp a{w \ncp--n Dv. thZns kzchpw ]mThpw am{Xw ]Tnv AYw
{Kln-msX Ign-bp-h
- , sNdn-bN
- n-I
- , CeI, ]qhv, Imbv, ]gw Fn-hsb hln-p
acw-t]m-sebpw [m\ym-Zn-h-kvXp- Npap
sImp t]mIp Pp-hn-s\-tm-sebpw "`mchmln " AYhm `mcw hln-p--h am{X-amWv . bYm- h n[n thZw ]Tnv bYm- X - Y - a mb
AYw {Kln-bvp--h Pohn-X-n Xs
]cn-]qW-amb B\w A\p-`-hnv , ac-Wm-\cw Xs m\w sImv ]m]--sfmw
bn-nv , [am-\p-jvTm-\-ns al-zm ]c-am-\-s {]m]n-p--Xp-am-Wv.
DX Xzx ]iy ZZcvi hmN-ap-X- Xzx -irWz irtWm-tXy-\m-av. DtXm Xzkvssa X\zw
]Tn-mepw ssIh-cp--X-. Fs-m almm-cmb aljn-am Kuc-h-ta-dnb hnj-b-sf-tmepw A\m-bm-tk\ a\-n-em---hw X- f psS {K- - f n shfn- h m- nbnpv. Acw hnj-b-{]-Xn-]m-Z\w p{Z-_pn-I sIn--a {K--fn Fs\ DmIm? aljnamcpsS Bi-b-{]-Xn-]m-Z\w Ignbp-{X kpK-ahpw Aev]-Imew sImv {Klnm-hp--Xp-am-bn-cnpw. p{Z-_p-n-I cNnp IrXn-I ]Wn-sp ]Tn-mepw AXyev]-amb m\-em`w am{Xw Dm-I---hn[-n Ign-bp-{X ITn-\amn cNn-n-cn-pp. Ah-cpsS {K- A`y-kn-p--Xv, aea-dnv Nnn-miv Is-Sp-p--Xn\v Xpey-amWv. Bj-{K---fpsS A[y-b-\-am-I-s, H
apn\v hne-tb-dnb \nc-h[n app-I hmcnsmp hcp--Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wv. hymI-cWw
]Tn--Xn\p tijw bmkvI-ap\n cNn \nLphpw 48 \ncp-hpw AY-tm-Sp-IqSn Gsgp-amkw sImv ]Tn-p-Ibpw ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw
sN-Ww. \mkvXn-I-m \nan-n-p Aa-ctIm- i mZn 49 {K- - f n A\- h [n Imew
hyY-am--cp-Xv. ]noSv ]nwK-fm-Nm-cy Dmn-bn-p Otm-{Kw ]Tn-v, sshZn-I-fpw
euIn-I--fp-amb O-p-I-fpsS (hr---fpsS) \nb-a-fpw ]Zy-c-N-\m-co-Xnbpw apw hgnt]mse a\-n-em--Ww. Otm-{K-w, tmIc-N-\m-co-Xn, {]kvXm-c-, Fnh \mep-amkw- s Imv ]Tn- p- I - b pw ]Tn- n- p- I bpw
sNmw. Aev]_
-- p-n-I-fpsS cN-\-bmb hrc-Xv\m-Icw apX-embhbn Imew ]mgm--cpXv. ]noSv a\p-kvar-Xn, hmevao-In-cm-am-b-Ww,
alm-`m-c-X-nse DtZym-K-]h-n-ep hnZpc-\oXn apX-em-b, Zpcm-Nm-c-sf Zqco-I-cn-p
kwkvIm-c-k-m-Z-I--fmb D-a-`m-K-
Imhyw ]Tn-n-p coXn-bn ]Z-t-Zw, AYw,
A\z- b w, hnti- j - W - h n- t i- j y Fnh
48 \ncpw 713 cp-X-hW kam-avt\ F
D-a-]p-cp-j-{Inb ImWp--Xn \nv
\nL-phpw bmkvI-Ir-Xn-sbp sXfn-bp-p,
49 thZmY-t_m-[a
- p-m-Ip-hm Ch-sbmpw {]tbm-P\
{]Z-a-m-bvI-bm-epw, \ncp-w, \nLp Fn-h-bpsS
A[y-b\w sshZn-I- e
- u-InI i_vZmY-t_m[w
\Ip--Xn-\mepw aljn Aa-c-tImiw knm
IuapZn BZn-bm-b-h-bpsS A[y-b-\s Xn--d-bp-Xm-W.v
50 kma-{_m-W
-
- Fs-a
- p-v.
51 \ncpw 1.1.8.
51
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
52
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
]cXx{]amW-fm-Wv. Ah-bpsS {]mamWyw
thZ-hm-Wnv A[o-\-am-Ip-p. thZ-ns
hnti-j-hym-Jym\w EtKz-ZmZn `mjy-`q-an-I 53
t\mn Adnp sImt--Xm-Wv. Cu {Knepw A\y{X bYm-bpw {]kvXpX hnjb-s-n {]Xn-]m-Zn-p--Xm-Wv.
C\n ]cn- X y- P n- - s- t S {K- - t f- h sbp t\mmw. Xmsg t] ]d-bp {K-sfmw Ak-Xy-{K---fm-Ip-p. 1. hymI-cW-n ImX-{x, kmc-kzXw, N{nI apKvt_m-[w, IuapZn, at\m-c-a, tiJcw apX-em-bh. 2. tImi-n Aa-c-tImiw apX-em-b-h.
3. Ox-im-kv{X-n hr-c-Xv\m-Icw XpSn-b-h. 4. in- b n AY- i nmw {]hyman ]mWn-\obw aXw -bYm Fp XpSp--Xv. 5. tPymXn-j-n io{L-t_m-[w,
aplq-Nn-m-aWn apX-em-b-h. 6. Imhyn \mbn-Im-t`-Zw, Iph-e-bm-\-w, cLp-hwiw, amLw, Incm-XmPp-\obw apX-em-b. 7.
aoamw-k-bn [a-kn-p, {hXmw apX-embh 8. sshti-jn-I-n X-kw-{Klw XpSn-b-h. 9. \ymb-n PmK-Zoio apX-em-bh
10 tbmK-n lT{]-Zo-]nI apX-em-bh 11.
kmwJy-n kmwJy-X-z-Iu-apZn apX-emb-h. 12. thZm-
- n tbmK-hm-kn-jvTw, ]Zin apX- e m- b - h. 13. sshZy- i m- k v { X- n
imMvK-[-c-kw-lnX apX-em-b-h. 14. kvarXnbn a\p-kvar-Xn-bn-ep- {]n]vX tmIfpw asm kvarXn-I-fpw. 15. kIe X{{K--, kIe ]pcm-W-, Fm D]-]pcm-W- Xpfko-Zmkcmam-bWw cpn-Woaw-Kfw apX-emb `mjm-{K-- Fn-hsbmw kzI-t]meIev]n-X--fm-I-bm sIpI-YI
- f
- m-Ip-p.
tNmZyw Cu ]d {K--fn Ipd-pt]mepw kXy-ant?
D- c w kzev ] w kXy- a p- v . ]t Hw
A[nIw Ak- X yhpw Dv . AXn- \ m Ahsbmw ""hnj- k w- ] r- m- hXv XymPymx''
hnjw Ie `Ww t]mse XymPy- fm- W v .
53
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
tNm Xm ]pcm- t W- X n- l m- k - sf
AwKo-I-cn-p-nt?
D Dv . kXy- a m- b - X ns\ am{Xw. AkXys AwKo-I-cn-p-n-.
tNm GXmWv kXyw? GXmWv anYy?
D {_m-Wm-\o-Xn-lm-km ]pcm-Wm\n
Iev]m KmYm \mcm-iw-ko-cn-Xn 54. CXv Krlykq- { X- n- e p- - X m- W v . ""app ]d- n- p
sFX- t c- b w, iX- ] Yw apX- e mb {_m- W v CXn-lm-kw, ]pcm-Ww, Iev]w, KmY
\mcm- i wko Fns\ Ap t]cp- I fps''mWv CXns AYw. 55 {ioa-Zv`m-KhXw XpS-n-bp-ff {K-v ]pcm-W-sap
t] C.
tNm Xt-X
- mbn ]d {K-f
- nse
kXyw kzoIm-cy-at? Fp-sImv AXv,
kzo-I-cn-p-n?
D Ah-bn ImWp kXy-samw imkv{X-fn-ep--Xm-Wv. Ah-bn-ep Ak-Xy-am-I-s,
Ah-bpsS kz-hpw. thZmZn kXyim-kv{Xsf ssIsm-p--Xm-bm kXyw apgph\pw {Kln-mw. anYym {K-fn \np
kXyw {Kln-p-hm B{K-ln-p Bfn\v
Ah-bnse Ak-Xyhpw IqSn kzoI-cnt ]q.
AXn-\m ""Ak-Xy-an{iw kXyw Zqc-X-kvXymPy-anXn'' AkXyw Ie {K-f
- nse kXyhpw, hnjw Ie `Ww t]mse ]cn-XymPy-am-Wv.
tNm Xm-fpsS aXw GXmWv?
D thZ-amWv Fs aX-w. A\pjvTn-Ws
- atm, A\p-jvTn-m-Xn-cn--cp-sXtm thZw
54 Bizemb\ Krlykq{Xw 3.3.1 se ]mTw
{_m-Wm\n Iev]m KmYm
\mcm-iw-ko-cn-Xl
- mk ]pcm-Wm-\oXn Fm-Wv.
ssXcob BcWyIw. 2.9 ChnsS D-cn
]mTw ImWmw.
55 kmb-W, ssXncob BcWyIw 2.9 s
hymJym-\
- n CXn-lmk ]pcm-W
- F-Xn\v
{_m-Wh
- N
- \
-
- (C-Xn-lmkw, alm-`m-cX
- mZn
]pcm-Ww, {_m-W-) Fp ]d-bp-p.
Aw Xs ssXncob BcWyIw 8.2 epw
(]q\m FUn-j t]Pv 563)
_rl-Zm-c-Wy-tIm-]-\n-jv 2.4.10 s hymJym-\n {ioi-c
- ]pcm-Ws
- a-X
- n\v
{_m-W{- K-m-K-Xa
- mb hninjvS
hN-\--sfp \ntZ-in-p-p.
54
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
dn, app-dn, `kva
- pdn Fnh [cn-p-I, s]mpsXm-Sp-I, cp{Zm--ame [cn-p-I, Xpf-kn-ame
[cn-p-I, GIm-Zin t\mp-I, {]tZm-j-{h-Xam-N-cn-p-I, Imin apX-emb e--fn-tev
XoY-bm{X sNp-I, cma, IrjvW, \mcmb-W, inh, `K-hX
- n, KW-]Xn apX-emb \makva-cWw Fn-h-bm ]m]-a-Ip t]mIpsap hniz-kn-p-I, I]-S-k-\ym-kn-am-cpsS D]tZiw tIv hnZym-`ym-k-n A{i-, hnZym[y- b - \ w, [am- \ p- j v T m- \ w, tbmKm- ` y- k - \ w,
Cuiz-tcm-]m-k\ Fn-h-sbmw shSnv
]pcm-W-sap ]d-bp `mK-hXw XpS-n-b-hbnse sIp-IY tIm tamw Inp-sap
hniz-kn-p-I, AXym-{K-lw, aqew [\-n
am{Xw {inv hnZysb shdp-p-I, Ap-anpw
shdpsX Ae-p-Xn-cn-bpI Cs\ ]e A\mh-iy-f
- n s]Sp-h
- {_-Nc
- yhpw hnZybpw
km-Zn-msX tcmKn-Ifpw aqV-m-cp-am-bn-ocp-p. PmXn-ap-d-b-\p-k-cnv ZznP-cmb Cmes {_m-W ap--hsc hnZy, kwKw
Fn-h-bn \nv AIn X-fpsS he-bn
IpSpn Ah-cpsS ico-cw, a\-kv, [\w Fnhsb \in-n-p-Ibpw{Xn-bmZn PmXn-m
]Tnv hnZzm-m-cm-bm Ah X-fpsS IpSpn \nv c-sv X-fpsS I--c-sam-a-dnv A]-am-\n-t-p-sap hnNm-cn-pIbpw sNp-p. Cs\-bp hnLv\-sf
`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw P\-fpw tNv Hgn-hmn
X-fpsS asf ]Tn-p--h-cm-p-hm icocw, a\-kv, [\w Fn-h-bm {]hn--Ww.
tNm kv{XoIfpw iq{Z-mcpw thZw ]TntWm? Ah ]Tn-m ]ns \mw Fp
sNpw? Ah ]Tn-Wsa-Xn\v {]amWw
Cs-p am{X-a \ntj-[-app Xm\pw:
kv { Xo iq{Zu \m[o- b m- X m- a nXn {iptXx
(kv{Xobpw iq{Z\pw ]Tn--cp-sXv {ipXnbp
p FYw) 58
D kIe kv { Xo]pcpj- mpwa- \ pjys-mw--]-Tn-m Ah-Im-i-ap-v. Cu
{ipXn hmIyw \n-fpsS kzw IrXn-bm-Wv.
{]mam-WnI {K--fn-sem-p-ap--X-. CXp-
57 tizXm-iz-Xt- cm-]\
- n-j
- n (1.2) krjvSnIm-cW
-
- f
- n-sem-mbn Ime-ns\ KWn-n-p-v.
55
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
56
aqmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
km[y-a
- . IWv ]Tn-n-s-n hc-hp-sN-ehp
IW-p-I a\-n-em-p-hm\pw ap--h-tcmSp
IWp ]d-bp-hm\pw Ign-bp--X-. thZm-Zn-imkv{X--fpsS m\-an-s-n Cuiz-c-t\bpw
[a- t bpw Adnv A[a- n \nv
AIp \np-hm km[y-a-, AXn-\m
{_-N-cyw, D-a-in-, hnZym-`ymkw Fnh- b m kzk- m- \ - - f psS ico- c - n\pw
Bflm-hn\pw ]qW-_-e-ap-m-n, Ahsc
amXm-]n-Xm-, `m-hv, iz{ip-iziqc-m,
`c- W m- [ n- ] , P\- , Abhm- k n- I ,
kvt\lnX, _p-, km-\- apX-emb-ht- cmSv [aw, tbmKyX Fn-hb
- v\
- p-kc
- nv
s]cp-am-dm {]m]vX-cm-p amXm-]n-Xm-fmWv IrX-Ir-Xycpw [\y-hm-Zml-cpw. sImSppw-tXmdpw Gdp A-b-\n[n CXp-X-sbm-Wv. ap-ff k-smw sNehp sNpwtXmdpw Ipd-bpw. Ah-Im-in-I hoXw hsSppw. hnZym-[\w am{Xta I-mv Im
\pw Ah-Im-in-Iv hoXn-s-Sp-m\pw Ignbm--Xm-bp-q. AXns c-Ww, h[\w
Fnh `c- W m- [ n- ] - s bpw P\- - f p- s Sbpw
Xpey-I-hy-fmWv.
I\ym\mw k{-Zm\w N Ipam-cmWmw N
cWav (a-\p. 7. 152) _me-m-scbpw I\y-Iam-scbpw ap]-d Imev {_-N-cym-\pjvTm-\-tmsS ]Tn-n-t-Xv `c-Wm-[n-]s
I- h y- a m- W v . Cu Bsb A\p- k - c nm amXm-]n-Xm--msc inn--Ww. Fp
hbp XnI BIp-n-Ifpw s]Ip-nIfpw Kpcp-Kr-l-n-e-msX asmcp honepw
]m-cp-Xv. kam-h-\-n\p apv hnhmlw
sNp-I-bp-a-cp-Xv. Fp cmP-I-ev]\ DmWw FYw.
kcvth-jm-tah Zm\m\mw {_-Zm\w hninjy-tX. hmcy-tKm-a-lo-hm-k-kvXn-e-Im--\kchv]n-jmav (a-\p. 4.233) Pew, Aw, ]ip,
`qan, hkv{Xw, Fv, kzWw s\v XpS-nbh Zm\w sNp--Xnepw t{ijvTw thZ-hn-ZymZm-\a
- m-Wv. AXn-\m ico-cw, [\w, a\v Fnh-bm Ign-bp-{X ]cn-{i-anv hnZym-`n-hr-nbp-m--Ww. {_-N-cyw, hnZym-`ym-kw, thZhn- l n- X - [ aw Fn- h bv pw Al- a mb
{]Nmcw knn-p cmPy-amWv ku`m-Ky-ap
tZiw.
57
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hnZym-`ymk k{-Zmbw
58
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
4
\memw kap-mkw
59
iX-]Yw 14.6.11.2
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Hcp-an-p-I-fn-v, CW-n-bpw ]nW-nbpw \Sv
kz`m-h-Kp-Whpw tZmjhpw Ipn-m-es N]e-X-Ifpw Adnv ]c-kv]cw \cm-bn-tmepw
In-p--h Xn hnhmlw sNbvXm
Ahv ]c-kv]-c-t{]aw Hcn-epw Dm-hp-Ibn-.
2. sh-n shw tNp--Xp-sImv
hne--W-Kp-W-sampw Dm-Ip-n AXpt]mse A-stbm A-bp-sStbm Ipe-n
\np hnhmlw sNp--Xp-sImv ico-c-nep [mXp- amdna-dn-bm-bvI-bm km-\]-c--cbvv DXn e`n-p-I-bn-.
3. ]men i-c-tbm Nptm ap acp-pItfm tNm AXp IqSp-X \-Xm-Ipw.
AXp-t]mse `n tKm{X--fn P\n--h-A--stbm A-bp-sStbm hwiw hgn _an- m- - h Xn hnhmlw sNp- Xv
t{ijvT-am-Wv.
4. Hcp tZip hkn-p-tm tcmK-{K-kvX\m-bn-cn-p--bm ew amdn-m-a-kn-m
hmbp, `-Ww, shw, apX-em-b-h-bn amw
hcp--Xp-sImv tcmK-ap--\m-Ip--Xp-t]mse
Zqc-tZ-io-b Xn-ep hnhmlw Da^ew
\Ipw.
5. kao-]-p-\np hnhmlw sNbvXm
At\ym-\y-ap kpJ-Zpx-J- Adn-bp-hm\pw
]c-kv]c hntcm-[-ap-m-Ip-hm\pw CS-bp-v.
AIp ]mp--hv- C-Xn-\n-S-bm-hp-I-bn-.
Zqcw hnpwtXmdpw t{]a- X - p- h n\v
ssZLyhpw ZmVyhpw hn-pw. kao-]
cpsS Imcy-n-en-s\ kw`-hn-n-.
6. Zqc-tZ-i
- f
- n _w hm Ahn-Sps
h-am-\--f-dn-bp-hm\pw ]Zm- Inphm\pw Ffp- - a p- v . ASp {]tZ- i p
hnhmlw sNbvXm AXv km[y-a-. AXp-sImmWv ZplnXm ZpcvlnXm Zqtc lnXm `h-XoXn 3 I\y-Isb Zqc--ev hnhmlw sNbvXbbv-p-Xv t{ib-kvI-c-am-I-bmepw ASpp
sNbv X - b bv - p- Xv Am- b v I - b m- e p- a mWv
Ahv ZplnXm Fp t]cp h-Xv.
7. s]Ip-n-I ]nXr-Kr-l-n-tebvp
sNp-tm-sgmw Ahp hXpw sImSpt
Xocq. AXn-\ m I\ym-] n-Xm-h ns hon
3 \ncpw 3.4
60
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hnhm-lhpw \S-p cmPyw ZpxJ-n apgpIp-p. Fs-m, {_-Nc
- y-\n-jvTa
- mb hnZym`ym-kw, hnhm-l-k-{-Zmbw Fnh ]cn-jvcn-m Fmw \m-Ipw. Ch cpw Zpjn-m
Fmw Zpjn-pw.
tNm (1) AjvS-hcvjm `th-ZvKuco \hhcvjm N tcmlnWo. Zi-hcvjm `thZv I\ymX-X -Ducv[zw cP-kzem.
(2) amXm ssNh ]nXm Xkym tPyjvtTm{`mXm XssYh N. {Xb-kvtX- -\-cIw bmn
ZrjvSzm I\ym cP-kz-emav.
Cu cp tmI- ]mcm-icn-bnepw 4
io{L-t_m-[
-- n-epw 5 Fgp-Xn-m-Wp--h-bmWv. Fm-as hb-n Kucn Fpw HXm-as hb-n tcmlnWo Fpw ]mas hb-kn I\ym Fpw AXn\p tijw
cP-kzem Fpw s]Ip-n-Iv t]cp ]dbp- p. ]p hbkp XnI- b p- - X p- h sc
IeymWw Ign-p-sIm-Sp-msX, s]Ip-nsb
cP-kz-e-bmbn ImWm-\n-S-bm-Ip amXm-]n-Xm, tPy-jvTk-tlm-Z-c Fo aqp-t]cpw
\c-I-n ]Xn-p--Xm-Wv FmWv tmI-fpsS Aw.
D {_tm-hmN ({_-mhp ]dp:)
(1) GI-Wm `thZv Kucn Zzn-tW-bw
Xp tcmlnWo. {XnWm km `thXv I\ym
lyX -Ducv[zw cP-kzem.
(2) amXm ]nXm XYm {`mXm amXptem
`Kn\o kzIm. kcvh tX \cIw bmn ZrjvSzmI\ymw cP-kzemav.
CunsS Dm-nb {_-]p-cm-W-n-ep
hN-\-am-Wn-Xv. F{X kabw sImv Hcp ]camWp Nen-p-thm A{X ka-b-sbmWv
Hcp Ww Fp ]d-bp--Xv. Hcp s]Ipn
]nd--m Ahv BZys W-n
Kucn Fpw cm- a s W- n
tcmlnWn aqm-as W-n I\yI
Fpw kw-I BIpp. \mem-as
W-n Ah cP-kz-e-bm-bn-o-cp-p. (1)
\cvh
- r-\
- Z- o-\mav\ow \my-]cvhX
- \
- manImw. \ ]y-ln-t{]-jy-\mav\ow \ N `ojW-\m-an-Imw. (Sn. 3.9)
Aizn-\o. `c-Wo, tcmln-WotZ-hn, tch-Xo _m-bn, Nnco apX-emb \-{X-\m-a--fp-h, Xpf-ko, Imn, tdmkn, sN-Iw, apX-emb
hr-\m-a--fp--h, KwKm, bap-\m, apX-emb \Zo-\m-a--fp--h; NWvUmfo apX-emb
t- \ m- a - - f p- - h hny, lnam- e - b n,
]mhXn apX- e mb ]h- X - \ m- a - - f p- - h ,
tImIn-e, ssa\, apX-emb ]n-\m-a--fp-h \mKo, `pPwKm apX-emb k-\m-a--fp-h, amt[m-Zm-ko, aocm-Zm-kn, CXymZn t{]jy\m-a--fp--h `oa-Ip-amcn NWvUn-Im, Imfo
apX-emb `b--c-\m-a--fp--h C-s\-bp
I\y-I-amsc hnhmlw sN-cp-Xv. Fs-m
C-d t]cp-I Ipn-X
- fpw ap ]Zmsf Ipdn-p--h-bp-am-Ip-p. Ahyw-KmwKow
skuay-\mav\ow lwk-hm-c-W-Km-an\ow. X\ptem-at- I-iZ- i
- \mw arZzw-Ko-ap-Zz-tlXv kv{Xnbw
(Sn. 3.10) sshI-eyhpw sshcq-]y-hp-an-m
AwK--fp-, btimZm kpJZm apX-emb a[pc-\m-a--fp-, lwk-n-s-tbm ]nSn-bm-\-bpsStbm t]mse \S-p kqva--fmb tcma, Xe-ap-Sn, ]p-I, Fn-h-bp tIma-f-fmb AwK--tfmSp IqSnb I\y-I-sb-bmWv
hnhmlw sNt--Xv.
tNm: hnhm-l-n\v Ghpw \ Imew
GXmWv? Ghpw \ coXn GXmWv?
D-cw ]Xn-\mdp apX Ccp]p hbp-hsc I\y-Ibvpw Ccp-]-p hbp
apX \mev]-sp hbkp hsc ]pcp-j\pw
hnhm-l-{]m-b-am-Wv. Fnepw ]Xn-\mdmw hbkn kv{Xobpw Ccp-]-n-bmw hb-n
]pcp-j\pw hnhmlw sNp-Xv A[-a-am-Wv.
18 As-n 20 hb-n kv{Xobpw 30, 32
AYhm 40 hb- n ]pcp- j \pw hnhmlw
sNp-Xv ay-a-am-Ip-p. 24 hbp XnI
kv { Xobpw 48 hbp XnI ]pcp- j \pw
Xn hnhmlw sNp--XmWv D-aw. C{]Imcw t{ijvT-amb hnhml \nb-ahpw {_-Ncy-tmSp IqSnb hnZym-`ym-khpw \mbn {]Ncn-p tZi-amWv kpJ-k-q-ambn `hnp--Xv. {_-N-cy-\n-jvT-amb hnZym-`ym-k-amsX _mey-Im-ehpw Atbm-Ky Xn-ep
61
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
A{]-Imcw cP-kzebmb I\y-Isb ImWp
W- n Xs Ah- f psS A\pw
Abpw ktlm-Z-c\pw Am-h\pw ktlm-Zcn-amcpw Fmw \c-I-n ]Xn-pp (2)
FmWv CXns Aw.
tNm Cu ]d tmI- {]am- W tfm?
D Fp-sIm--. {_m-hns tmI-
t]mepw {]am-W-a-s-n \n-fpsS ]Zy-fpw
{]am-W-a-.
tNm sImmw- s
- Im-mw. ]cm-ic
- \pw Imin\m-Y\pw {]mamWyw Cstm?
D: _te-t`jv! {_mhpw {]mam-Wn-I-\-stm. ]cm-i-c-t\bpw Imio-\m-Y-s\bpw Im
{_mhv hen-b-h-\-s-tm.- \n-- {_mhns tmI-sf hI hbvp-n-s-n ]cmi-c-stbm Imio-\m-Y-stbm tmI-sf
Rpw th.
tNm: \n-fpsS tmI-n Akw-`-hy-ap-Xn-\m {]am-W-a-. P\-\-k-a-bp Xs
At\-Im-bncw W- Ign-p-t]m-Ip-p.
AXn-\n-S-bn hnhmlw Fs\ \Spw? B
ka- b p hnhmlw \S- p- Xp sImv
bmsXmcp ^e-hp-an--Xm-\pw.
D: Fs tmI-n Akw-`hy-tZm-j-aps-n AXv \n-fpsS tmI-n-ep-ap-v.
Fs-m Fv, HXv As-n ]p
hbp {]mb-am-Ip-tm hnhmlw sNp-Xv
\njv^ew Xs. ]Xn-\mdp hbp Ignv
Ccp- ] - n- \ mep hb- n- \ Iw hnhmlw
sNbv X m ]pcp- j s hocyw ]cn- ] - I zhpw
icocw _en- j v T - h p- a m- I - b m- e pw kv { XobpsS
K`m-ibw hfp Ign-Xpw icocw _-en-
62
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
t{ibm `hXn Pmb- a m\x. Xw [ocmkx
Ihb Dbn kzmt[ym a\km tZh-bx.
(E. 3.8.4)
2. B t[\thm [p\- b - m- a - i nizox
k_cvZpLmx iibm A{]-ZpKvmx. \hym\hym bph-Xtbm `h-ocvalthm-\m-a-kpc-Xz-ta-Iav (E. 3.55.1)
3. ]qcv-ho-clw icZx i{i-amWm tZmjm -hkvtXmcpjtkm Pc-box. an\mXn {inbw
Pcnam X\q-\m-a-]yq \p ]Xv\ocvhrj-tWm- PKaypx (E.1.179.1)
1. GsXmcp ]pcp-j (]-cn-ho-Xx) D]-\-b\w
Ign--h\pw {_-Ncy-a-\p-jvTnvv D-a-in-Whpw hnZym-`ym-khpw t\Sn-b-h\pw (kp-hmkmx) `wKnbp hkv{Xw [cn--h\pw {_Nm-cnbpw (bp-hm) ]qW-bu-h-\s {]m]n-h-\p-am-b -tijw hnZym-`ymkw sNbvXv Krlm-{i-a-n (B-Km-Xv) {]th-in-p-pthm
(k, D) Ah Xs hnZy-bm-Ip cmw Pn (Pm-b-am-\x) {]i-kvX-\mbn (t{i-bm)
t{ib-p-h
- \pw awK-f{- ]-Z\
- p-ambn (`-hXn) `hnp-p. (kzm-[yx) icn-bmb [ym\-bp--amb
(a-\-km) hnm-\-m (-tZ-h-bx) hnZym`n-hr-nsb Cn-p--hcpw ([o-cm-kx) ss[cyap--h-cp-amb (I-h-bx) hnZzm-m (Xw) Ahs\-bmWv (D--b-n) D-X-]-Z-hn-bn {]XnjvTn-p--Xv. {_Ncyw A\p-jvTnv hnZybpw
in-Whpw km-Zn-m-sXtbm _meym-h-bntem hnhmlw sNp kv{Xo ]pcp-j-m-
Xosc A[x-]-Xnv k-\-v BZ-c-hn-msX-bm-bn-o-cp-p.
2. (A-{]-Zp-Kvmx) Bcpw Id-n-n-m (t[\-hx) ]ip--sf-tmse (A-izox) _meym-hm-c-ln-Xcpw (k-_cvZp-Lmx) kIe kXv{]hrn--Ifnepw kacpw (i-i-bmx) Iuam-c-Zisb AXn-{I-an--hcpw (\-hym-\-hymx) Ghpw
]pXnb in-W
- f
- mepw Ah-I
- f
- mepw ]cn]qW-Ifpw (`-h-ox) Bbn-cn-p (bp-h-Xbx) ]qW-bu-h\
- t- m-Sp-Iq-Snb kv{XoI (tZhm-\mav) {_-N-cymZn {hX--tfmSp IqSnb
]qW-hn-Zzm-m-cpsS (G-I-av) AZzn-Xo-b-ambpw
(a-l-Xv) hnim-e-ambpw (A-kp-c-Xz-av) imkv{Xm[y- b \w sImp kwkv I - c n _pn- b n
({]bn) can-pp F `mhms
{Kln- - h - f mbpw Xcp- W - \ mb `m- h ns\
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
64
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
K-- cn-jytX.(Sn. 4.178) A ap-
Fn-h \S am-n-eq-sS-bmWv km-\fpw kcn-t--Xv. Fm (k-Xm-av)
k-\--fmb ]nXr]nXm-a-l-m-cpsS amKn-eqsS am{Xta Ncn-m-hq. ZpjvS-cmb ]nXr]n-Xm-a-l-m-cpsS ]m-hn Hcn-epw kcn--cp-Xv. Fs-m [am-flm--fmb ]pcpj-t{i-jvT-cpsS amKw ]nXp-Sm ZpxJ-apm-hn-. CXp \n AwKo-I-cn-p-nt?
D: \n-b-ambpw AwKo-I-cn-p-p.
tNm: IqSmsX PK-Zo-izc{]Im-in-X-amb
thZm-\p am{Xta k\m-X-\-am-bn-cn-p-I-bpq. AXn\p hncp--am-b-sXmpw k\m-X-\-amsWp hnNm- c n- mt\ h. C- s \- b t
Fm-hcpw Nnn-t-Xv.
D: \n-b-ambpw Fm-hcpw Cs\Xs
Nnn-Ww. Am--h-tcmSv Cs\ tNmZnWw: Zcn-{Z-\mb ]nXm-hns ]p{X [\hm-\m-bmepw As Zmcn-{Zys t{ib-kvIc-sa-tmv km`n-am\w Xs [\w hen-sdn-btWm? As ]p{X-\mbn ]nd--h
Ip- c pw Ipn- s m- np If- b tWm?
Zpjv S s aI Zpjv { ]- h r- n- I am{Xta
sNmhq Fp \nb-a-aptm? C Hcn--ep-an. ]qh-]p-cp-j-m ]c---cbm sNbvXp-t]m
t{ijvT-Ir-Xy- sNbvIbpw ZpjvIr-Xy-sf
XyPn-p-Ibpw sNp--XmWv Fm-hpw
DNn-Xw. ctPm-ho-cy-kw-tbm-Km-kv]-Zamb hWhy-h AwKo-I-cn-p-Ibpw KpW-Iam-[njvTnX-amb PmXn-hy-h-sb Xnc-kvI-cn-pIbpw sNp--h-tcmSv Cs\ tNmZn--Ww.
X-fpsS {_m-W-PmXn shSnv NWvUme-t\m {InkvXym-\n-tbm apkamt\m Bbhs\ Fp-sImv {_m-W-s\v \n-
KWn-p-n? Ah {_m-W-hrn XyPn-Xn-\m {_m-W-c-m-Xm-sb-mhmw Cu
tNmZy-n-\p-c
- w. CXn \nv {_m-Wp
hnln- X - a mb D- a - I a- - f - \ p- j v T n- p
{_m-Wc
- pw \oN-Pm-Xn-If
- n P\n-h
- s
- c-nepw
DXvIr-jvS-Pm-Xn-m-cpsS KpW-Ia kz`m-h-KpWap--hcpw D-X-Pm-Xn-bn s]Sp--Xmbn
Icp-X-W-sa-pw D-X-Pm-Xn-bn P\n-npw
\oN-Ia- sNp--hsc \nIr-jvS-Pm-Xnbn ]nd-h
- c
- mbn hnNm-cn-W
- s
- a-p-amWv a\kn-em-Ip--Xv.
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
tNm: {_m-tWmky apJ-am-koZv _mlpcm- P - \ yx- I rXx Ducq XZky bssZziyx
]Zv`ymMv iqt{ZmfAPm-b-X.
bPpthZw 31-mw A[ymbw ]Xn-s\mmw
a{-am-Wn-Xv. {_m-W Cuiz-cs apJ-p\n- pw {Xn- b _mlp- - f n \npw
sshiy Ducp--fn \npw iq{Z ]mZ-fn \npw Dmbn FmWv CXns
Aw. apJw Im-hp-I-tbm Iv apJ-amhp-Itbm C. Aw {_m-W {Xnbm-Zn-I-fm-hp-Itbm {Xn-bm-Zn-I {_m-Wcm-hp-Itbm sNp-I-bn-.
D: Cu a{- n\p \n ]d- b p
Aw icn-b-. Fs-m ChnsS ]pcpj AYhm \ncm-Im-c\pw kh-hym-]n-bp-amb
]c-am-flm-hn-s\--n-bmWv ]d-bp--Xv. \ncm-Imc-\mb ]c-am-flm-hn\v apJhpw a-h-b-h-fpw
Dm-hm Xc-an-. Ds-n Ah khhym- ] n- b - . kh- h ym- ] n- b - s - n kh- i , PK- ns krjv S n- nXn kwlm- c Im-hv, Pohm-flm--fpsS ]pWy-]m-]--
Adnv ^e-hy-h--I sNp--h, kh, P\-\-a-c-W-an-m--h apX-emb hntij-W--v Al-\p-a-. AXn\m Cu a{-ns Aw C{]-Im-c-amWv (A-ky) kh- h ym- ] n- b m- b n- c n- p ]c- a m- fl m- h ns
krjvSn-bn (ap-J-av) apJ-sa--t]mse Fmnepw apJy- - D - - a - - B - b n- c n- p- - h
({_m- W x) {_m- W \pw (_m- l q)
""_mlpcvssh _ew; _mlpcvssh- hocyw''
_ew hocyw Fn- h - b psS \mam- - c - a mWv
_mlp; 11 Fp iX-]-Y-{_m--W-n-ep--Xn\m _e-ho-cy-
- A[n-Ia
- p-h
- (cm-P\
- yx)
{Xn-b\pw (Du-cp) Ac-s-ns Nph-nepw
apns apI-fn-ep-am-bnp Ducp-hns _ewsImv Fm-bn-Spw k-cn-p--h (sshiyx) sshiy- \ pw (]- Z v ` ymw) ico- c - ns
Xmgs Ah-b-h-amb ]mZw t]mse aqVX
apX-emb A[-a-Kp-W--tfmSp IqSn-b-h (iq{Zx) iq{Z\pw BIp-p. iX-]-Y-{_m-Ww apXemb ap {K- - f nepw Cu a{- ns
Aw C{]-Imcw Xs-bmWv hymJym-\n-np-Xv.
66
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hW--fn \nv Ahp e`n-p--Xm-Wv.
KpW-Ia--f-\p-k-cn-p Cu hW-hy-h
s]In-Sm-p ]Xn-\mdp hbpw ]pcp-jmp Ccp-]-n-bp hbpw D-tm
sNWw. {_m- W {_mn- W n- t b- b pw
{Xn-b {Xn-b-tbbpw sshiy sshiytbbpw iq{Z iq{Z-tbbpw hnhmlw sNWw
Fnte Ah-cpsS PmXn-[a- bYm-{Iaw
\S-p-Ibpw ]c-kv]-c-kvt\lw \ne-\np-Ibp-ap-q. C\n \mep hW--fp-sSbpw KpWIasf hnh-cn-mw.
1. A[ym- ] - \ - a- [ y- b \w bP\w bmP\w
XYm. Zm\w {]Xn-{K-lw ssN-h -{_m--Wm-\ma-I-ev]-bXv (Sn. 1.88)
2. itam Za-kvX]x iuNw mn-cmP-hta-h N m\w hnm-\-am-kvXnIyw {_Icva- kz-`m-h-Pav (Ko-X. 18.42)
1. ]Tn-p-I, ]Tn-n-p-I, bw sNp-I,
sNn-p-I, Zm\- sImSp-p-I, {]Xn-{Klw
hmp-I, Ch-bmdpw {_m-W\p hn[n Ia-fm-Ip-p. Fm {]Xn-{Klx {]Xy-hcx
F a\p hN-\-m {]Xn-{Klw hmp-Xv
\oN-Ia-am-Wv. 14
2. (i-ax) ZpjvIa- sNp-hm Cn-pI
t]mepw sNm-Xn-cn-p-I, A[a-amK-n
Ncn-p-hm a\-ns\ A\p-h-Zn-m-Xn-cn-p-I.
(Z-ax) sNhn, Iv, apX-emb mt\-{n-bsf A\ym-bm-N-c-W-n \np \ntcm-[nv
[a- a mK- n {]hn- n- p- I ; (X- ] x)
{_-Nm-cnbpw PntX-{n-b-\p-am-bn-cpv kZm
[aw A\p-jvTn-pI (iu-Nw)
AZv`ncv Km{XmWn ip[yn a\x- k-tXy\
ip[yXn hnZym-X-t]m`ymw `qXmflm _pn
mt\\ ip[yXn
(a-\p. 5. 109)
Pew-sImv ico-c-ns _mlym-h-b-h-fpw kXym-N-c-W-m a\-kpw hnZy [am-\pjvTm\w Fn-h-bm Pohm-flmhpw m\w
sImv _pnbpw ]cn-ip--am-Ip-p. B-cnI-amb cmK-tZzjmZn tZmj- _mly-am-en\yw
stbm KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h--fp-s-n Ah
{_m-Wtcm iq{Ztcm BIp-p. \mep PmXnI-fn-te-Xn P\n-mepw KpW-Ia--\p-kcnv kv{Xo]p-cp-j-m-cpsS PmXn \nWbn-W-sa-w.
1. [cva-N-cybm PLt\ym hcvWx ]qcvhw
]qcvhw hcvW-am-]-ZytX PmXn ]cn-hr-su.
2. A[cv a - N - c ybm ]qcv t hm hcv t Wm
PL\yw PL-\yw 13 hW-am-]-ZytX PmXn
]cn-hrsu
Cu B]kvXw-_-kq-{X--fpsS Aw ]dbmw
1. \nIr-jvS-Pm-Xn-bn P\n-n-p Hcp-h
[am- \ p- j v T m\w sImv DXv I r- j v S - a mb
PmXnsb {]m]n-p-p. tbmKy-X-b-\p-k-cnv
PmXn-bn Ahs\ KWn-p--Xm-Wv.
2. AXp-t]mse D-X-hW-Pm-X A[am\p-jvTm-\-m XmW-Pm-Xnsb {]m]n-p-Ibpw
GXp hW-n tNcp-hm tbmKy-X-bptm
B hW-n Ahs\ KWn-p-Ibpw sNpp.
]pcp-j-msc tbmKy-X-b-\p-k-cnv Hmtcm
PmXn-bn KWn-p--Xp-t]m-se-bmWv kv{XoIfpsS PmXn-hy-h--bpw. Cu hyh-- \n-anw
Fm hWfpw Ah-c-h-cpsS KpW-Ia-kz`m-h--tfm-Sp-IqSn ]cn-ip--ambn hn-psap knn- p- p. {_m- W - I p- e - n
{Xn-b-t\-tbm sshiy-t\tbm iq{Z-t\tbm
t]mse Hcp-h Dm-bn-cn-p-I-bn-. CXpt]mse {Xn-b-ssh-iy-iq-{Z-hWfpw ]cnip--am-bn-cn-pw. hWk-cX Dm-Ip--X. Xn-anw Hcp hW-n\pw \ntbm
Atbm-Ky-Xtbm Dm-hp-Ibpan-.
tNm: Hcp-hs GI-]p-{Xt\m ]p{Xntbm
CX-c-hW-n s]m ]ns amXm-]n-Xm-msc Bcp ip{iq-jnpw? IqSmsX hwihntZw hcp-hm\pw CS-bp-v. CXn\v FmWp
]cn-lmcw?
D: BcpsS ip{iq-jbvpw XI-cm-dn-. XdhmSp apSn-b p-I-b p-an- . X-fpsS ap
]Icw X- f psS PmXn- s m- - h - - a p
km-\--sf, hnZzm-m-cpsS k`-bn-tem cmPk-Z-ntem sNp hyh--{]-Imcw CXc-
67
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Fn-h AIn ]cn-ip--\m-bn-cn-p-I. kXymk-Xy-sf Xncn--dnp kXys sImpIbpw Ak-Xys Xp-Ibpw sNp-I. Ch
]cn-ip-n-bn-tev a\p-jys\ \bn-p-p. (mnx) \nm {]iw- k - I , kpJ- Z px- J - ,
iotXm-jvW-, em`-\-jvS, am\m-]-am-\, hnipw Zmlhpw apX-emb ktm-jk-m-]- hI hbvmsX [a-n ZrVNn--cm-bn-cn-pI (BcvPh-av) s]cp-am--n
]ucp-jw, A`n-am-\w, ITn-\-kz-`m-hw, IpSn-e-X,
apX-emb tZmj-sf XyPn-p-I, (m-\-av)
thZmZn kI-e-im-kv{X-fpw kmwtKm-]mwKw
]Tn-p-Ibpw ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw sNp-hm-\p
kmayw, hnth-I-]qh-I-amb kXym-k-Xy\nWbw, hkvXp-sf bYmXYam-bn--tN-X\s tNX-\a
- mbpw PUs PU-am-bpw Adnbp-Ibpw s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw sNpI (hn-m-\av) ]rYnhn XpSn Cuiz-c-]-cy--ap kI-eXn-sbpw hnti-j-m-\-tm-Sp-IqSn Ahsb
tbmKy-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-p-hm Adn-bp-I. Cuizc, thZw, tamw, ]p\w Fn-h-bnep hnizm-k-tbpw [am-\p-jvTm-\w, hnZym[y-b-\w, kwKw Fn-h-tbbpw amXm-]n-Xm, Kpcp, AXnYn Fn-h-cpsS ip{iq-jtbbpw Hcp-\mfpw XyPn-p-Itbm \nn-pItbm sNm-Xn-cn-p-I, Cs\ ]Xn-\p
KpW- I a- {_m- W - P m- X n- b n- e p- hsmw Ahiyw Dm-bn-cn-t--h-bm-Wv.
1. {]Pm\mw cWw Zm\-an-Pym-[y-b\
- t- ah
N. hnjt-b-jz-{]-k-n {Xn-bky kamkXx (a-\p. 1.89)
2. iucyw tXtPm [rXncvZmyw bpt
Nm]y-]-em-b\w Zm\-ao-iz-c-`m-h m{Xw
Icva-kz-`m-hPav (Ko-X. 18.43)
1. \ymb-ambn {]Pm-]-cn-]m-e\w sNp-I
AXm-bXv ]-]mXw IqSmsX \-hsc cnp-Ibpw ZpjvSsc inn-p-Ibpw sNbvXv
Fm-h-scbpw bYm-tbmKyw ]cn-]m-en-p-I
(Zm-\a
- v) hnZybpw [ahpw {]N-cn-n-pXn\pw
k\-sf kXvI-cn-p--Xn\pw k-p
sNeh-gn-pI. (C-Pym) An-tlm{Xw XpSnb b- sNp-I, sNn-n-pI (A[y-b-\-av) thZm-Zn-im-kv{X- ]Tn-pI ]Tnn-pI (hn-j-tb-jz-{]-k-nx) hnj-b-kp-Jmk--\m-ImsX PntX-{n-b-\mbn kZm Imbn68
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
3. hcs ssIbn \nv kzev]w Zm\w
hmn I\y-Isb Zm\w sNp--Xn\v "Bjw'
Fp ]d-bp-p.
4. [a-ns A`n-hr-nsb ey-amn \Sp hnhm-l-n\v "{]mPm-]Xyw' Fp ]dbpp
5. hc\pw I\y-Ibvpw ]Ww sImSpp \Sp hnhmlw "Bkp-c-am-Wv.'
6. hnhm- l - ns ka- b- c o- X n- I - f - \ p- k - c nmsX ]c-kv]-cm-\p-cm-K-m `mcym-`m-m-cm-Ip--Xns\ "Kmhw' Fp ]d-bpp.
7. bpw sNbvXp _emm-tc-W-tbm I]S-amtbm I\y-Isb A]-l-cn-p-sIm-p-t]m-Ip-Xn\v cmkw Fp t]cm-Wv.
8. Dd-p-I-tbm aZytam atm IpSnv aXn-a-dn- c n- p- I tbm sNp I\y- I sb _emwKw sNp--Xn\v "ss]imNw' Fpw t].
C- d Fp- X cw hnhm- l - - f n
AXnt{ijvTw {_m-hn-hm-l-am-Wv. ssZhw,
{]mPm- ] Xyw Fnh a[y- a - fpw Bjw,
Bkp- c w, Kmhw, Fnh \nIr- j v S - fpamWv. cmkw A[a-hpw ss]imNw AXn
\oN-hp-a-t{X. h[q-h-c-m hnhm-l-n\p apv
GIm--ambn kt-fn--cp-sXv Xocp-am-\n-mhp--Xm-Wv. kv{Xo ]pcp-j-m-cpsS bu-\nse GIm-k
- t- -f\w tZmj-Ic
- a
- m-Wv. I\yIbvpw hc\pw hnhm-lIme-am-bm--{_--Ncyhpw ]T- \ hpw apgp- h - \ m- p- h m Htm
Actbm sImw _mn-bp--tm I\y-Ibp-sSbpw hc-sbpw Nn{Xw FSp-nv s]Ipn-IfpsS A[ym-]I
- v BIp-n-If
- psS Nn{Xhpw BIp-n-I-fpsS A[ym-]-Iv s]Ipn- I - f psS Nn{Xhpw Ab- p- s Im- S p- - W w.
GtXXp h[q-h-c-mv tN ImWp-pthm
Ah-cpsS Poh-N-cn-{Xw--P-\\w apXv Ath-sc-bp Fm Imcy-f
- p-aS-
- nb ]pkvXI
- w
Ds-n AXp hmn A[ym-]-I hmbn-pt\m- - W w. KpW- I a kz`m- h - v
s]mcpw Im, A-s\-bp kv{Xo]pcp-j-m-cpsS Nn{Xhpw Ncn-{Xhpw At\ym\yw
sImSpv Ah-cpsS A`n-{]mbw Adn-bn-p-hm
Kpcp--m Ah-tcmSp ]d-b-Ww. Ccp-hcpw
hnhm-l-n\p k-Xn-m Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw
hnhm-l-ns e-W-
{_mtm ssZh-kvX-ssY-hmcvjx {]mPm]XykvXYm-kpcx Kmcvthm cm-k-ssh- ss]-im-N-m-jvS-tam-f[ax (a-\p. 3.21)
{_mw, ssZhw, Bjw, {]mPm-]-Xyw,
Bkp-cw, Kmhw, cm-kw, ss]im-Nw,
Fn-s\ hnhmlw Fp-hn-[-n-ep-v. ChbpsS e-W- ]d-bmw.
1. hn[n-{]-Imcw {_-N-cy-{h-X-tm-Sp-IqSn
km-Zn ]qW-ssh-Zp-jyw, [man-IX
- , kuioeyw, Fn-h-tbm-Sp-IqSn h[q-h-c-m ]c-kv]cw
t{]a-tmsS \S-p hnhm-l-amWv {_mw.
2. henb bw \-S-p Ah-k-c--fn
EXzn-ns\ Pmam-Xm-hmbn hcn-v, s]m]--f-Wn I\y-Isb `mcy-bmbn \Ip-XmWv "ssZh' hnhm-lw.
69
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
kam-h\w Hcp-anp \S--Ww. A[ym-]-IcpsS kmn-y-n hnhmlw \S-p-hm
CcpIqcpw Cn-p ]w Kpcp-Kr-l-n
htm Cs-n I\y-I-bpsS ]nXr-Kr-l-n
htm hnhmlw \S-p--Xm-Wp-Nn-Xw. Ccphcpw t\cnp IpI-gn-m Kpcp--m,
amXm-]n-Xm-, apX-em-b-h-cpsS apn shv
Ah-sc-smv kw`m-j-Whpw imkv{Xmhm-Zhpw \S-n--Ww. Ahv At\ym\yw
cl-ky-ambn hXpw tNmZn--dn-b-W-sa-n
k`-bn hp-Xs Fgp-p-aq-ea
- p tNmtZym-c- sImv Adn-p-sIm--Ww. cpt]pw At\ym\yw Dd t{]a-ap-sp
Im Ap-ap-X Ahv D-a-`-Ww
sImSp-n-p-hm GmSp sN-Ww. {_-Ncyw, hnZym-[y-b\w Fo X]kpw ti-fpw
\nanw Zp_-e-amb icocw N{-e hfcpwt]mse Ipd-p-Zn-hkw sImv ]pjvS-am-Ipw.
taevt]mp hen-p-]n-Sn--Ww. tbm\n-bpsS D]cn-`m-Ks ktm-Nn-n-v, hocys apI-fntev BIjnv K`m-i-b-n m]n-Ww.*
]noSv Ccp-hcpw ip-Pe
-
- n Ipfn-W
- w.
hnZp-jn-bmb kv{Xo K`-ap-m-bm Atm
Xs Adn- b pw. Hcp- a mkw Ign- b p- t m
Bhw \np- t ]m- I p- t m kIe
kv{XoIpw K`-\n-bw Dm-Ip--Xm-Wv.
]noSv cp-t]cpw Npv, tIk-cw, Aap-ncw
Fo acp-p-I-fnp Xnf-n ]men Ihpw tNv CjvSw t]mse IpSn-v, Ah-\hs i-bn Xn sXmSmsX InS-p-d-Ww. K`m-[m\w sNp-tm-sgmw C{]-Imcw
Xs-sN-p--Xm-Wp-Nn-Xw. Hcp amkw XnI-bp- X p- h sc Bhw ImWm- Xn- c n- p- I bpw
K`-ap-sp Xo-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm
Ap-ap-X Hcp sIm-tp kv{Xo]p-cp-jm kwtbmKw sN-cp-Xv. Cs\ sNbvXm
am{Xta D-a-amb km\w Dm-hp-I-bp-q.
]no- S p- m- I p km\w \m- h m\pw
CsXmcp Imc-W-am-Ipw. A\yYm hocyw- hyam-hp-Ibpw Xn-anw cp-t]-cp-sSbpw Bbpp- -bn-p-Ibpw hnhn-[-tcm-K- Dm-hpIbpw sNpw. Fm At\ym\yw
kkvt\lw k-]n-p-Xpw t{]a-]qhw s]cpam-dp-Xpw Bh-iy-am-Wv. kz]v\-n t]mepw
hocy-kvJ-e-\-ap-m-ImsX ]pcp-j AXns\
cn--Ww. AXyp--a-amb cq]w, emh-Wyw,
]pjvSn, _ew, ]cm-{Iaw Fn-h-bm bpambn ]mw amk-n P\n----hw
Blm-c-h-kv{Xm-Zn-I-fm kv{Xo K`-c sNWw. \memw amkw apXepw hnti-jnv Fmw
amk-n\p tij-hp-amWv K`-c sNt-Xv. K`nWn hntc-N-I-hpw cq-hpw amZ-I-hpw
_pn--_-e-\m-i-I-hp-amb ]Zm--sfmpw
`n--cp-Xv. s\v, ]m, \ Acn, tKmX-v,
sNdp-]-b, Dgpv apX-em-bh bpn-]qhw
tZi-Im-e--f-\p-k-cnv `n--Ww. K`-Imev \memw amk-n ]pwk-h\w Fmw
amk-n koa-tm--b\w Fo kwkvIm-
K`-m[m-\-hn[n
AXn-\p-tijw I\yI cP-kz-e-bm-bn-cpp
Ipfnp ip-amb Znhkw hnhm-l-a-WvU-]hpw
thZnbpw \nanv kpK--{Z-hy-sImpw
LrXm-Zn-IsImpw tlmaw sNbvXv hnZzm-mscbpw hnZp-jn-I-tfbpw bYm-tbmKyw kcn--Ww. ]noSv K`m-[m-\-n\v tbmKy-amb
Znhkw kwkvIm-c-hn[n F {K-nse
hn[n-b-\p-k-cnv kI-e-Ia-fpw sNbvXv a[ycm{Xn ka- b tm Akv X - a np ]p- \ m- g nIbvp tijtam AXyw {]k-c
- mbn kIe
P\-f
- p-sSbpw apn hv ]mWn-{K-lW
- ]
- qhI-ambn hnhm-l-{Inb apgp-h\pw \Sn hnP-\amb ib-\K
- r-l
- n {]th-in-W
- w. ]pcp-j
hn[n-{]-Imcw hocy-m-]-\hpw kv{Xoho-cy-{Kl- W hpw sN- W w. {_- N - c y- nse
hocys Ign-bp-n-S-tmfw hy-am-n-f-bm-Xn-cn--Ww. B hocyhpw cPkpw IqSntp-m-Ip icocw D-a-k-m-\-am-Ip-Xm-Wv. hocyw K`m-i-b-n-tep hogm-dm-Iptm kv{Xo]p-cp-j-m Ccp-hcpw nc-i-coc-cm-bpw In\p t\sc Iv, aqn\p t\sc
aqv Fo {Ia-n \nhp hf-hn-msX
hn--Ww. teiw t]mepw Cf-I-cp-Xv. ]pcpj Xs ico-cs Xf-Ww. hocy-{]m]vXn- k - a bw kv{Xo A]m- \ - h m- b p- h ns\
70
Cu hnjbw tKm]y-am-Ib
- m C{X-am{Xw ]d-n-p-Xn\n-p apgp-h\pw a\-kn-em-n-sm--Ww.
IqSp-X hnkvX-cn-s-gp-Xp-Xv DNn-X-a-.
(a-ljn-bpsS ASn-p-dn-m-WnXv ]cn-`m-jI
- t- -X
- )
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
-Ww. Ipn-bpsS \ma-Ic
- W
- mZn kwkvIm-c
-
kwkvIm-c-hn-[n-bnse coXn-b-\p-k-cnv bYmImew sN-Ww. kv{Xo hopw cP-kz-e-bmbn
ipn-t\-Sn-bm hopw Cs\ EXp-Zm-\-amImw.
EXp-Im-em-`n-Kmao kymz-Zm-c\
- n-cXx kZm.
]cvh-hcvPw {htP-ss\mw XZv{htXm cXn-Imaybm (a-\p. 3.45)
\nym-kz-jvSmkp Nm\ymkp kv{Xntbm
cm{Xn-jp-hcvP-b\v. {_-Nm-tcyh `hXn b{XX-{Xm-{ita hk (Sn. 3.50)
kz `mcy-bm kwXr-]vX\pw EXp-Km-an-bp-amb-h Krl--s\-nepw {_-Nm-cnp Xpey\m-Wv.
1. kpjvtSm `mcybm `cvm `cv{Xm `mcym
XssYh N. bkv a n- t h Ipte \nXyw
IeymWw Xss{Xh {[phav.
2. bZn ln kv{Xo \ tcmtNX ]pamwkw \
{]tam- Z - t bXv A{]- t am- Z mXv ]p\x ]pwkx
{]P\w \ {]htX
3. kv{Xobmw Xp tcmN-am-\mbmw kcvhw
Xt{Zm-NtX Ipew. Xkymw Xztcm-N-am-\mbmw
kcvh-tah \ tcmNtX (Sn. 3. 60-62)
1. `mhv `mcy-tbmSpw `mcy `m-hnt\mSpw {]oXn-tbm-Sp-IqSn hn-p--Xmb
Ipe-n Xs-bmWv Fm ku`m-Ky-fpw
sFiz-cy-fpw hkn-p--Xv. Ie-l-ap-m-Ipn-Sp Zu`m-Kyhpw Zmcn-{Zyhpw nc-am-Ipp.
2. `mcy `m-hns\ ktm-jn-n-p-Ibpw
{]km-Zn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXns-n A{]-k-\mb `m-hn\v Imaw Dm-hp-I-bn-.
3. kv{Xo {]k--bm-sW-n Ipew {]kw. Ah-fpsS A{]-k--X-bn \nt{X ZpxJsamw Dm-Ip--Xv.
1. ]nXr-`ncv{`m-Xr-`n-ssXmx ]Xn-`ncvtZ-hssc-kvXYm. ]qPym `qj-bn-X-hym _lp
IeymWao]vkp`nx.
2. b{X \mcykvXp ]qPyt cat X{X
tZhXmx. bss{X-XmkvXp \ ]qPyt kcvhmkvX-{Xm-^emx {Inbmx.
3. timNn Pmatbm b{X hn\-iy-Xym-ipX-XvIpew. \ timNn Xp bss{XXm hcv[tX
Xn kcvhZm.
4. Xkvam-tZXmx kZm ]qPym `qj-Wm-m-Z-
c- hn[n-{]-Imcw \S--Ww.
{]khw Ign-m A-bp-sSbpw Ipn-bpsSbpw ico-c-kw-c--W-n hfsc {in-Ww. ipWvTo-]mIw AYhm ku`m-Ky-ip-WvTo]mIw Fo acp-p-I-fn-semv t\ct Xmdmn hbvW
- w. {]k-ht- ijw kv{Xosb kpK-ap sNdp-Nq-Sp-sh--n Ipfn-n--W-w.
B shw sImp-Xs Ipn-tbbpw Ipfn-nWw ]noSv Ipn-bpsS ]pnsmSn-bpsS
Nph-n t\cnb Nc-Sp-sImp sIn \mew-Kpew
\nn, apI-fn hv apdn--Ww. ico-c-nse
cw Xpn-t]mepw ]pd-p-t]m-Im--hn-[n thWw sIt--Xv. ]noSv Cunw
ipn-h-cpn AXns hmXn-en-\-Ip hv
s\pw kpK--{Z-hy-fpw sImv tlmaw
sN-Ww. AXn-\p-tijw ]nXmhv Ipn-bpsS
sNhn-bn thtZmkn (\ns t] thZ-sa-mWv) Fp sNmn-tn--Ww. A\-cw
s\pw tX\pw tNv Hcp kzW-i-emI
AXn apn Ipn-bpsS \mhn-t Hmw F
Acw FgpXn B iemI sImp Xs
s\pw tX\pw FSpv Ipn-bpsS \mn
tX-Ww. ]ns Ipnsb A-bpsS ssIbn
sImSp--Ww. Ipnp s]--X-s-bmWv apem sImSp-t--Xv. Abvv ape-m-en-sn thsd h kv{Xotbbpw ]co-nv AhcpsS ape-m sImSp-m-hp--Xm-Wv. ]noSv
thp-thmfw ip-hm-bp-hp- -th-sdmcp apdn- I v Ipn- t bbpw X- t bbpw InSn,
AhnsS cmhn-sebpw sshIp-t-chpw kpK-{Z-hy-sf sImv tlmaw sN-Ww. Bdp
Znhkw Ign- b p- - X p- h sc Ipnsb amXmhp
Xs ape-bq--Ww. amXmhv ico-c-]p-jvSn-mbn
hnhn[ \ ]Zm- `n--Ww. tbm\ok-tmNw apX-em-bXpw sNt--Xm-Wv. Bdmw
Znhkw amXm-hn\v kqXn-Im-Krlw shSn-bm-hp-Xpw Ipnsb apebq-p-hm Hcp [m{Xnsb
(t]m-
- s
- b) \nb-an-m-hp-X
- p-am-Wv. [m{Xnv
D-a-`-Ww \Ip-hm GmSp sN-Ww.
[m{Xn Ipnsb ape- b qn ]cn- ] m- e n- - W w.
Fm A-bpsS tat\mw kZm Ah-cpsS
taep-m-bn-cn--Ww. Ipnsb hfp--Xn
t\m-p-d-hp-m-I-cp-Xv. A-bpsS ape-m
{khn-m-Xn-cn-p-hm kvX\m-{K-n acpp
]pc--Ww. Blm-c-Im-cy-nepw hfsc {in71
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
\m-iss\x. `qXn-Im-ssacv\s
- sccv\nXyw kXvImtc-jq--thjp N
(Sn. 355, 56, 57, 59)
1. hfsc t{ib-kp-m-I-W-sav B{K-lnp ]w ]nXm-hv, ktlm-Z-c, `m-hv,
Cf-b-`r-k-tlm-Z-c Fn-h kv{Xov
B`-c-W-hpw kevm-chpw \In ktm-jnn--Ww.
2. kv{XoIsf _lp-am-\n-p Ipe-nse
hnZzm-m-cmb ]pcp-j-m tZh-kw t\Sn
km\w can-p-h-kn-p-p. kv{Xosb kw]qPy-bmbn Icp-Xm hon Fp sNbvXmepw
Fmw \njv^-e-am-Wv.
3. kv{XoP-\- ZpxJ-]o-Un-X-cmbn Zpcn-X-a\p-`-hn-p X-d-hmSv apSnv A\yw \nphm Imew hfsc th. kv{XoI kktmjw Dm-l-]qw {]k--Nn--cmbn
Ccn-p Ipew Fpw A`n-hrnsb {]m]np-sIm-n-cn-p-p.
4. AXn-\m t{ib-kp-m-Im-\m-{K-ln-p-h Fmw D-hm-h-k-c--fnepw BtLm-jmh- k - c - - f nepw kv { XoIsf B`- c - W - ,
hkv { X- , `y- ] - Z m- Fnh
\In ktm-jn-n--Ww.
""]qPm'' i_vZ-n\v kevm-c-sa-m-Wsav kZm kvacn--Ww. AXn-\m cm{Xn-t\cpw ]I ka-b-pw BZyambn Xn
ImWp- t mgpw ]ncn- p- t ]m- I p- t mgpw
""\akvtX'' Fp {]k--cmbn At\ym\yw ]dtbXmIpp.
kZm {]lr-jvSbm `mhyw Krl-Im-tcyjp
Zbm. kpkw-kvIr-tXm-]-kvI-cbm hytb
Nmap--l-kvXbm (Sn. 5.150)
kv{XoI Krl-Ir-Xy--fn ka-I-fmbn-cn--Ww. kk-tmjw hon-ep hkvXp-sfmw kw-kvIc
- np shbvp-I. hoSp hrnbmn kqn-p-I. th-Xn-e-[nIw sNehp
sNmXn-cn-p-I, kI-e-km-[-\-fpw ipamn shbvp-I, ]mIw sN-s ]Zm Huj- [ - X p- e y- a mbn ico- c - n\pw a\kn\pw Dm-Im-hp tcmK-sf AI-p-hm
tbmKy-ambn ]mIw sNp-I, sNehpI IWs-gpXn hv `m-hns\ t_m[n-n-p-I,
hop-th-e-m, ]cn-Nm-c-I, Fn-h-sc-smv
72
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
kzm[ym-tb-\mcvNtbZcvjo\vtlmssacvtZhm-\y-Ym-hn[n. ]nXro {imss \r\sscv`q-Xm\n _en-Icva-Wm. (Sn. 3.81)
cv b--sf-n {_lva-N-cy-hn-[n-bn
Fgp-Xn. Hm-atXv thZm-Zn-im-kv{X--fpsS
]T-\-]m-T-\, ktym-]m-k\w, tbmKm`ymkw Fn-h-b-S-nb {_lva-bw; cma-tXv hnZzm-m-cpsS tkh-\hpw kwkKhpw
]hn-{X-X, Znhy-Kp-W-, Zm\-`m-hw, hntZymXn Fnh km-Zn-p-I, Fn-h-b-S-nb
tZh- b w; Cu cv bPv R - fpw cmhnsebpw kmbm--nepw A\p-jvTn--Ww.
1. kmbw kmbw Krl-]-Xncvt\m Anx
{]mXx {]mXx skua\-k-ky- Zm-Xm.
2.- { ]mXx {]mXcv K r- l - ] - X ncv t \m Anx
kmbwkmbw skua\-k-ky- Zm-Xm. (A.-Imw.
19,7, 3, 4) 17
3. Xkv a m- Z - t lm- c m- { Xky kwtbmtK
{_mWx kym-ap-]m-koX. DZy--akvXw
bm-am-Zn-Xy-a-`n-[ym-b\v. 18 ({_m--tW)
4. \ XnjvTXn Xp bx ]qcvhmw t\m]mkvtX
bkvXpx 19 ]namw. k km[p-`ncv_lnjv
Imcyx kcvh-kvamZv ZznP-IcvaWx (a-\p. 2. 103)
1. kybvv tlman-p tlma-{Zhyw cmhnse-hsc hmbp-hns\ ]cn-ip--amn kpJw
{]Zm\w sNp-p.
2. cmhnse An-bn tlman-p tlma{Zhyw kmbmw hsc hmbp- h ns\ ipnsNbvXv _ew, _pn, BtcmKyw Fnh Dmp-p.
3. AXn-\m cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw IqSn-t-cp
ky-I-fn DZ-bm-kvX-a-b--fn Cuiz-cs\
[ym\n-p-Ibpw Antlm{Xw sNp-Ibpw
Ahiyw thWw.
4. Cu cp Iafpw cmhn- s ebpw
sshInpw A\p-jvTn-m--hs\ k-\-
ZznP-I--fn \np _ln-jvI-cn--Ww.
Ahs\ iq{Zs\tmse hnNm- c n- - W - s a-
]-a-lm-b
Ejn-bw tZh-bw `qX-bw N
kcvhZm. \rbw ]nXr-bw N bYmin \ lm]-tbXv (a-\p. 4.21)
A[ym- ] \w {_- b x ]nXr- b
kv X p Xcv Ww tlmtam ssZthm _encv
`utXm \rb-tmf-Xn-Yn-]q-Pav (Sn. 3.70)
17 AYh-thZw 19/55/3,4
73
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
w.
tNm:- aqp t\cw ktym-]m-k\ FpsImp sNbvXp-IqSm?
D:- aqp-t\cw ky-bn-m--Xp-sIm-p-Xs. shfn-hpw Ccppw IqSn-t-cp ky
cmhn-tebpw sshIp-t-chpw am{X-ta-bp-q.
Cs\ IW-m-msX D-k-a-bp aqm-asXmcp ky IW- m- p- - b m ]mXncmbvpw ktym-]m-k\w sNm--sX-psImv? A-cm-{Xnp kym-h-\w sNW-sa-n bmaw-tXmdpw \mgn-I-tXmdpw hn\mgn-I-tXmdpw Ww-tXmdpw ky-bp-s-p- IcpXn Atm-sgmw kym-h-\w sN-Ww.
As\ sNm-\m{K-ln-mepw Akm-[y-am-Wv.
aym--n ktym-]m-k\ sN-W-sa-Xn\v {]am-W-sam-p-an-. cp-t\cw kym-h- \ hpw tlmahpw sNbv X m aXn. aqp
{]mhiyw th. `qXw, `mhn, h-am\w
Fo aqp Ime-t`-Z--fp-Xv ktym-]mk-\sb kw_-n-p--X-.
aqm- a Xv ]nXr- b - - a m- W v . tZh- m
AYhm hnZzm-m Ejn-I (A[y-b-\hpw
A[ym- ] - \ hpw sNbv X p- s Im- n- c n- p- - h )
A,- A apX-emb ]nXr-, hr-m,
m\n-I, ]c-a-tbm-Kn-I Fn-h-smw
tkh\w sNp--XmWv ]nXr-b-w. ]nXrbw {im-sapw X-W-sapw cp
hn[-ap-v. "{iXv' Fm kXy-sa-w.
""{iXv kXyw Z[m-Xn bbm {Inbbm km
{im, {i-bm- bXv {Inb-tX -X{mav''
kXyw {Kln-p-hm Ign-bp {Inbsb {isbpw {i-tbm-Sp-IqSn sNp I-n\v
{im-sapw ]d-bp-p. ""Xr]y-n -Xb-ntb\ ]nXro XXv XWw'' Pohn-n-cn-p
amXm- ] n- X m- - m apX- e mb ]nXr-- P - \ -
{]km-Zn-p Ia-am-Wv XWw. Pohn-n-cnp--hmWv XWw; acn--h-. AY
tZh-X-Wav:-
Hmw {_m-Ztbm tZhm-kvXr-]y-mav
{_m-Zn-tZ-h-]-Xv\y-kvXr-]y-mav
{_m-Zn-tZ-h-kp-Xm-kvXr-]y-mav
{_mZn tZh-K-Wm-kv-Xr-]y-m-av.
CXn tZh Xcv-Wav:-
20 iX-]Tw 3.7.3.10
21 tkma-ktZmf-n-jzm-m XYm-_cvln-jtZmf]n N
tkma ]m XYm-hn-Zzw-kvX-ssYh N lhncv`pPx
BPy-]m XYm hXvk XYm-lyt\y kpIm-en\x
GtX Nmt\yN ]nXcx ]qPymx kcvth ZznPm Xn`nx
(_r-lZv ]cm-ic
- k
- varXn 7/167-168)
74
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
am\-bXn km amXm'' `Ww sImSppw
ip{iq-jnpw asf km-\n-p--h amXmhv. (]n-Xm-a-lo) ""bm ]nXpcvamXm km ]nXmalo'' As A-bmWv ]nXm-a-ln. ({]-]nXm-a-lo) ""bm ]nXm-a-lky amXm km {]]nXm-aln'' ]nXm-a-ls amXm-hmWv {]]n-Xm-aln. Ch-tcbpw Ah\hs `mcy, ktlm-Z-c,
Nm-m, Iq-m, CXc Kpcp-P\
-
- hrP-\- Fn-h-scbpw {im-]qw `-W]- Z m- , hkv { X- , at\m- l - c - a mb
hml\ apX-em-bh sImSpv \mbn
Xr]vXn-s-Spp-I--A-h-cpsS a\kv kwXr-]vXntbbpw icocw Btcm-Ky-sbpw {]m]n- {]hr-n-IsIm-p {]oXn-]qw ip{iqjn-p--Xm-Wv {imhpw X-W-hpw.
\mem-a-tXv sshiz-tZ-h-b--am-Ip-p.
Blmcw ]mIw sNbvXp-I-gn-m, Dv, Fcnhv, Fnh Ie-cm-Xpw a[p-c-hpw s\pw
tN-Xp-amb hn`hw ASp-n \ns-Spv
thsd shn-p An-bn Xmsg ]d-bp
a{w sNmn tlmanv `mKn- p- - X mWv
sshiz-tZ-h-b-w. (C-Xn\p {]amWw:-)
sshiz-tZ-hky knky Krtly f-u- hn[n-]qcvhI
- av. B`yx- Ip-cym-t-hX
- mt`ym {_m
tWm tlma-a-\z-l-av. (-a-\p. 3. 84)
ASp--f-bn ]mIw sNbvX `-W-n\v
Znhy- K p- W - e`n- p- h m ]mIm- n- b n
Xmsg ]d-bp a{- sNmn hn[n-{]-Imcw
\nXyhpw tlman--Ww.
a{w
Hmw A-tb kzmlm. tkmamb kzmlm.
Aotjmam`ymw kzmlm. hntizt`ym
tZth`yx kzmlm. [\zctb- k zmlm.
Ipsslz-kzm-lm. A\p-a-ssXy-kzmlm. {]Pm]-Xtb kzmlm. kl Zymhm-]r-Yn-ho`ymw
kzmlm. kznjvS-Ir-tX- kzm-lm.
Cu a{tfm-tcmpw sNmn \-hw
In-Pz-en-p An-bn Hmtcm BlpXn
hoXw sN-Ww. ]noSv Xfn-I-bn-tem \ne-ph-n-p Ce-bn-tem Ingp XpS-nb ZnpI- f n- s emw Xmsg ]d- b p a{w sNmn
m]n--Ww.
Hmw km\pKm-tb-{m-b-\ax. km\p-Kmb
bamb \ax. km\pKmb hcp-Wm-b-\ax. km\p75
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
76
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
]d- n, If- h v , cm- a m- a m- b thZs
JWv U n- p- I , hnizm- k - h - \ apX- e mb
ZpjvIa- sNbvXv ]c-[\w A]-l-cnv
BZyw A`n-hr-n-s-Sp-p. ]noSv [\w, sFizcyw, Fn-h-bm hnin-jvSm-lm-cw, hkv{Xw,
`qj-Ww, hml-\, m\-am-\
- , am\yX
apX-em-bh t\Sp-p. A\ym-b
- m i{Xp-hns\
Pbn-p-p. ]t s]sv IS-]p-g-Inb acw
t]mse A[x-]Xnp \in-p-Ibpw sNpw.
kXy-[cvam-cy-hr-tjp siutN ssNhmc- t a- X v - k Zm. injymw injym- cv t aW
hmKv_m-lq-Z-c-kw-bXx (Sn. 4. 175)
hnZzm thtZm--k-Xy-[-cv-as ]-]mX-an-msX kXy-{K-lWw Ak-Xy-]-cn-Xym-Kw
\ymb-amb sshZn-I-[s A\p-jvTn-psImv injy-msc ]Tn-n--Ww.
1. EXzn-I]
v p-tcm-ln-Xm-Nm-sscycvam-Xp-em-XnYn
kw{inssXx. _me- h r- m- X p- s sccv s shssZycvm-Xn-kw_n_m-sshx.
2. amXm-]n-Xr-`ymw- Pm-ao-`ncv{`m{Xm ]pt{XW
`mcybm. Zpln{Xm Zmk-hcvtKW hnhmZw \
kam-N-tc-Xv. (Sn. 4. 179, 180)
1. (E-Xzn-Iv) bw \S-p--bm (]p-tcmln-Xx) kZm-Nm-chpw kz-`m-hhpw kZm D]tZ-in-p--bm (B-Nm-cyx) Kpcp (am-Xp-ex)
Am-h (A-Xn-Yn) t]mp-h-c-hn\p XobXn
\n-b-an-m--bm (kw-{in-Xmx) B{in-X
(_m-ex) _me (hr-x) hr (B-Xp-cx)
BXp-c (ssh-Zyx) Bbpth-Z-a-dn-bp--bm
(m-Xnx) kz-tKm-{X-ntem PmXn-bntem
P\n- - h (kw- _ - o) izip- c `mcy- b psStbm `m-hn-s-tbm AapX-em-b-h
(_m--hmx) _p-
2. (am-Xm) A (]n-Xm) A (Pmao)
ktlm-Zcn ({`m-Xm) ktlm-Z-c (`mcym) `mcy
(Zp-ln-X) aI (Zm-k-hKx) the-m Fnh-tcmSv Hcn-epw hnhm-Ztam Ie-l- e
- l
- f
- I
- tfm
]mSn-.
AX-]m-kvXz-\-[o--bm\x {]Xn{Kl-cp-Nncv
ZznPx. Aw`-ky-iva--th-t\h kl tXss\-ha-Xn ( Sn. 4.190)
(B-X-]mx) {_-N-cy--k-Xy-`m-j-WmZn X]kp-I-fn-m--h (A-\-[o-bm-\x) hnZy A`y-
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
kn-m--h ({]-Xn-{K-l-cp-Nnx) \-Im-cy-ns\p \Snv ]ncnhp \S-p--h Fo
aqhcpw Ip-sImp ]WnX I-en kap{Zw
IS-p--h-sc-tmse XfpsS ZpjvIa-fn IqSn ZpxJ-km-K-c-n apn-tm-Ip-p.
Ah app-tXm t]mI-s, Ahp Zm\w
\Ip--h-scbpw IqsS apn--fbpp.
{Xnjz-t]y-tXjp Zw ln hn[n-\m-]ymcvPnXw- [-\av. ZmXpcv`-h-Xy-\cvYmb ]c-{Xm-[m-Xptc-h N ( Sn. 4. 193)
[am-\p-krXw km-Zn--Xm-bmepw ap]d aqp t]pw Zm\w sNp [\w, Zm\w
sImSp-p--hs\ Cu P-nepw hmp-hs\ ASp P-nepw \in-n-p-p.
bYm- -th-s\u-]-te\ \na--Xyp-ZtI
Xc\v. XYm \natXmf[kvXmZsu ZmXr
{]Xo-Iu (Sn. 4. 194)
Icn--p-sImp ]WnX tXmWn-bn Ibdn
IS IS-p-hm ]pd-s-Sp--h apn-mIpw
t]mse Am-\n-bmb ZmXmhpw hmp-h\pw At[m-K-Xn-sb--Zpx-Js {]m]n-p-p.
[a-hn-tcm-[n-bpsS e-W-
1. [a-[zPo kZm ep_v[-ivOm-ZvantIm
temI-Zw-`Ix. ss_Um-e-{h-XntIm ttbm
lnw{kx- kcvhm-`n-k-Ix.
2. At[m-Zr-jSv ncvss\-jI
v r-XnIx kzmcvYk
- m[-\-XXv]cx. itTm anYym-hn-\o-X _I-{hX-Ntcm ZznPx (Sn. 4. 195, 196)
1. ([cva[
- z-Po) [an-jvT\
- s
- -nepw AXns
t]cn temIsc sIm-b-Sn-p--h\pw (kZm-ep-_v[x) ]c-a-ep-_v[\pw (Om-Zvan-Iw) I]-Skz- ` m- h nbpw (tem- I - Z w- ` - I x) kzbw alm
Nav ho-Snp \S-p--h\pw (lnw-{kx)
Pohn-Isf sImp-Ibpw A\y-tcmSv sshcw
]pep-Ibpw sNp--h\pw (kcvhm-`n-k-Ix) \-h-tcmSpw Zpjv-S-tcmSpw kvt\lw \Snp--h\pw Bb-hs\ (ssh-Um-e-{h-Xn-Ix)
]q-sb-tmse \oN\pw ZpjvS-\p-ambn Icp-XWw.
2. (A-t[m-Zr-jvSnx) Ion-mbn Iogvt]mp
t\mn- b n- c n- p- - h \pw (ss\- j v I r- X n- I x)
XtmSp Ipd-smcp sXp sNbvXp-t]m-bm
78
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
XyPn-v {_-Nc
- yw, C{n-bP
- bw apX-emb kZmNm-c--f-\p-jvTnm ]qWm-bp-kv, t{ijvT-k-Xn, A-b-[\w Fnh e`n-pw. As\
[a-a-\p-jvTnv ZpjvS-Xsb shSn-bp--h-cpsS
{]hr-n-I A\p-I-c-Wo-b-am-Wv. ImcWw:
Zpcm-Nmtcm ln ]pcptjm temtI `hXn
\nnXx. ZpxJ-`mKo N kXXw hym[n-tXmf-ev]mbp-tc-h N (Sn. 4. 157)
Zpcm-Nm-c- sNp--h \-hn-S-bn
\nn-X-\pw Zpx-Jn-X-\pw tcmKnbpw Aev]m-bpkp-ambn `hn-p-p. AXn-\m sNt-Xv:
1. bZy-Xv]c
- h
- iw Icva X-Zy-Xvt\\ hcvPtbXv. bZy-Zm-fl-hiw Xp kymXvtkth
X bXv\Xx.
2. kcvhw ]c-hiw ZpxJw kcvham-fl-hiw
kpJav . FX- Z zn- Z ymXv k am- t k\ eWw
kpJ-Zpx-Jtbmx. (Sn. 4. 159, 160)
1. A\ys A[o-\-n-emb Ia-sf {]bXv\nmbmepw XyPnv kzm-[o-\I
- a-f
- \
- p-jvTn-Ww.
2. Fs- m ]cm- [ o- \ - a m- b - s Xmw
ZpxJhpw kzm[o-\a
- m-bXv kpJ-hp-amWv. Npcp-n-d-m kpJ-Zpx-J--fpsS eWw CXmWv. ImcWw ]d-bmw.
At\ym-\ym-{inX Ia- sN-W-sa-n
Hcp-h asm-cp-h\v A[o-\s
- t Xocq. kv{Xo]pcp-j-m Xn-ep {]hr-n-I-fm-Wn-Xn-\p-Zml- c - W w, kv { Xo ]pcp- j - t \mSpw ]pcp- j
kv { XotbmSpw kkv t \lw s]cp- a m- d p- I bpw
At\ym\yw A\p-Iq-e-ambn hn-p-Ibpw
thWw. hy`n-Nm-chpw ]c-kv]c hntcm-[-hr-nIfpw ]mSn-. ]pcp-js B-b-\p-k-cnv
Krl-Ir-Xy--sfmw kv{Xo \S--Ww. ]pd-tabp {]hr-n-I-sfmw ]pcp-j \n-lnWw. Zpcm-Nm-c--fn s]p t]mIp--Xn
\nv ]c-kv]cw XS-b-Ww. Ch-sbmw At\ym\ym-{inX {]hr-n-If
- m-Wv. hnhm-lt- m-Sp-IqSn
kv{Xo ]pcp-j-m ]c-kv]cw hn-Xp-t]m-sebmbn `hn-p-p. Ah-cpsS ]ckv]c tNjvSI `mh- XpSn khhpw ]c-kv]-cm-[o\-am-sW-w. Ccp-hcpw At\ym\yw CjvSan-m {]hr-n-I-sfmpw sN-cp-Xv. hntijnpw hy`n-Nm-cw, thiym-{]m-]vXn, Pmc-{]m]vXn
apX-emb ZpjvIa-sf shSnv `mcym-`m-
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
-m At\y\yw {]oXn-]qhw hn--Ww.
{_m-W-cmb BWp- BIp-n-I-sfbpw
]Tn-p kv{XoI s]Ip-n-I-sfbpw ]Tnn--Ww. hnhn[ D]-tZ-i- sImSppw
{]kw-K
- sNbvXpw Ahsc hnZzm-mcpw hnZpjn-I-fp-am--Ww. kv{XoIp ]qP-\o-b-amb
tZh ]Xnbpw ]pcp- j - mp kw]qPy
]Xv\n-bp-am-Wv. Kpcp-Ip-e
- n hkn-p Imea-{Xbpw A[ym]-Isc A-\--am-sc-tmse
Icp-X-Ww. A[ym-]-Iv Ah-cpsS injy-m
kzk- m- \ - - s f- t m- s e- b m- b n- c n- p- I bpw
thWw. ]Tn-n-p-hm-\p A[ym-]I
- cpw A[ym]n-Ia
- mcpw F{]-Im-ca
- m-bn-cn-W
- s
- ap ]dbmw:
X.
2. kZm [am-\p-Iq-e-amb Ia--f-\p-jvTnp-I, A[s XyPn-p-I, Cuiz-ct\bpw
thZ--tfbpw kZm-Nm-c-tbpw \nn-m-bvI,
Cuiz-cm-Zn-If
- n {i-bp-h
- \
- m-bn-cn-pI Chsbmw ]WvUn-Xs I-hy--fm-Wv.
3. ITn-\-hn-j-b--sf-tmepw thKw a\-nem-p-hm Ig-bp-h
- , hf-sc-mew imkv{Xsf A`y-kn-p-I-bp-w tIp-Ibpw Nnnp-Ibpw sNp-h
- , kzw Adnhp apgp-h\pw
]tcm-]-Im-c-n-\mbn hn\n-tbm-Kn-p--h.
kzmw t\Sp-hm am{Xw {]b-Xv\n-m-h, kzbw Nnn-m-sXtbm DNn-Xm-h-kcw
Adn-bm-sXtbm asm-cp-h\v Hpw \Im-h, Ah-\t{X {]m-\-sa {]Y-a-e
Wbp--\mb ]WvUn-X.
4. Al- a - m- - h sb Cn- m- - h \pw
\jvS-s--Xn-s\-n ZpxJn-m--h\pw B]n ]cn-{`-an-m--h-\p-amWv _pn-am-\mb
]WvUn-X.
5. hnNn-{X-hm-nbpw GXp hnj-b-nepw
hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZ NXp-c\pw imkv{X-hym-Jym-\-Ipi-e\pw X-hn-Zym-hn-N--W-\pw kvac-Win-bp--h-\pw Aw ]dbp-hm anSp--\pamb Bfns\ ]WvUn-X-s\p ]d-bp-p.
6. tI kXym--f-\p-k-cnv _pn-bp-h\pw _pn-bp-]-tbm-Knv tIp--h\pw
[anjvTcmb t{ijvTa
- \
- p-jy-cpsS acym-Zsb adnI-S-m--h-\p-amWv ]WvUn-X F t]cn\v
Al.
C-s\-bp kv{Xo]p-cp-j-m A[ym-]-Icm-bn-cn-p-nSv hnZy, [w, kZm-Nmcw
Fnh A`n-hr-n-s-Spw. \ntXy\ kpJw s]cpIpw. ]Tn-m tbmKy-X-bn-m aqV-m-cpsS
e-W-:
1. A{ip-X kap-tm Zcn-{Z alma\mx. AcvYmw-ivNmfIcvaWm t{]]vkpcvaqV
CXyp-NytX _pss[x.
2. A\m-lqXx {]hn-iXn ly]rjvtSm _lp
`mjtX. Ahn-izkvtX hnizknXn aqV-tNXm
\cm-[amx.
A[ym-]-Icpw A[ym-]n-I-amcpw
1. Bfl-m\w kam-cw-`k
- vXn-Xnm [cva\n-XyXm. bacvYm \m]-Icvjn k ssh
]WvUnX DNytX.
2. \ntj-htX {]i-kvXm\n \nn-Xm\n \
tkhtX. A\m- k v X nIx {i- [ m\ FXXv
]WvUn-X-e--Ww.
3. n{]w hnPm-\mXn Nncw irtWmXn
hnmb NmcvYw `PtX \ ImamXv. \mkw]rjvtSm lyp ]-bpMvt ]cmcvtY XXv{]m\w {]Yaw ]WvUn-Xky.
4. \m {]m]y-a-`n-hm--n \jvSw t\n
timNnXpw. B]Xvkp N \ aplyn \cmx
]WvUnX_pbx.
5. {]hr--hmIv Nn{X-IY Dul-hm {]Xn`m-\-hm\v. Bip {Kky hm N bx k
]WvUnX DNy-tX.
6. {ipXw {]m-\pKw bky {]m
ssNh {ipXm\pKm. Akw-`n- mcyacymZx
]WvUn-XmJymw et`X kx.
Cu tmI- alm-`m-c-Xw DtZym-K-]hw
hnZp-c-{]-Pm-Kcw 32-mw A[ym-b-n-te-Xm-Wv.
1. Bfl-m\w knn-n-p--h, Hcnepw Ae-k\pw \njv{In-b-\p-ambn hnm--h, kpJ-Zpx-J-, em`-\-jvS-,
kv X pXn- \ n- - I , am\m- ] - a m- \ - Fnh
ktm-j--k-m-]--fp-m-m--h, Fmbvt]mgpw ZrV-Nn--X-tbm-Sp-IqSn [aw A\pjvTn-p-h
- , hnj-bk
- p-Ja
- p-fh
- m-p hkvXpsf Imcyamm--h, Ah-\t{X ]WvUn-
80
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hnZym-`ymkw km[y-a-.
ktXy cXm\mw kXXw Zmm-\m-aqcvztcXkmw. {_-Ncyw Ztl-{Zm-P\v kcvh]m]m\yp-]m-knXav. 25
kZm kXy-n Xev]-ccpw PntX-{n-b-cpw
Hcn-epw hocyw kvJen-n-m--h-cp-am-b-hcpsS {_-N-cy-amWv bYmYw. A-s\-bp-h-ct{X hnZzm-m-cm-Ip--Xv.
A[ym-]-Icpw hnZymn-Ifpw ip`-e--Wbp--cm-bn-cn--Ww. hnZymn-I a\km
hmNm IaWm kXy- a - \ p- j v T n- p- - h - c pw
kwkvImcw PntX-{n-bXzw kuioeyw apXemb kXvKp-W--fp--hcpw ico-c-_-ehpw
Bfl-_-ehpw km-Zn-v thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-sfmw A`y-knv hnZzm-m-cmIp-hm-\pw th
Fm {]b- X v \ hpw A[ym- ] - I sN- W w.
hnZymn-Isf ZpamKw shSn-bm\pw Ahsc
]T-t\m-p-Ic
- m-m\pw A[ym-]I
- kZm {in-Ww. PntX-{n-b-cpw im-io-ecpw kl-]mTn-I-fn kvt\l-ap--h-cpw Nn-I-cpw ]cn-{ia-io-ecpw Bbn ]qW-hn-Zy, ]qWmbp-kv,
]qW-[aw Fnh t\Sn ]pcp-jmw kmZn-p-hm hnZymn-I bXv\n-W
- w. {_mW- h W- n- e p- h- c psS Ia- - f m- W n- h .
{Xn-b-cpsS Ia- cmP-[a-n hnhcnmw 26 sshiy-cpsS Ia- ]dbmw:
{_-N-cy-]qw thZm-Zn-hn-Zy-I A`y-kn-Ww. hnhmlw sNbvX-Xn\p tijw \m\m-tZ-i-fn-ep `mj-I ]Tnv hnhn[ hym]m-c-coXn-I a\-kn-emn km[-\--fpsS hnebpw
{Inb-hn-{In-b-k-{-Zm-bhpw Adnv A\y-cmPy--fn k-cnv em`w In---h--ap
{]hr-n-I-fn Gs-S-Ww. ]ip-]m-e-\hpw
Irjnbpw ka-ambn \Sn Ahsb A`nhr-n-s-Sp--Ww. [\w hn-nv hnZym-[a- f psS A`n- h rnmbn hybw sN- W w.
kXy-hm-Zn-Ifpw \njvI]
- S- cp-ambn kIe hym]mc-fpw kXys ap\n-dpn sN-Ww. km[\--sfmpw \jvS-s-SmsX Fm km[-\-sfbpw kwc-n--Ww. sshiy-hr-n-I-fm-Wnh. iq{Z Fm ]cn-N-c-W--fn-epw ]mN-I-hnZy- b nepw \n]p- W - c mbn {_m- W - - { Xnb
hnZymn-bpsS e-W-
1. Bekyw aZ-tam-lu N Nm]ew tKmjvTntch N. kvX_v[Xm Nm`n-am-\nXzw XYmfXymKn-Xz-ta-h N. GtX ssh k]vX tZmjmx kypx
kZm hnZymcvYn\mw aXmx.
2. kpJmcvYn\x IptXm hnZym IptXm- hnZym- c v Y n\x kpJav . kpJmcv Y o hm XytP
ZznZymw hnZymcvYo hm XytPXv kpJ-av.
Cu tmI-fpw hnZp-c-{]-Pm-K-c-n-te-XmWv 24
1. (B-e-kyw) ico-c-n\pw _pn-p-ap
Ae-kX (a-Zx) elcn (tam-lx) AXym-kn
(Nm-]-ew) nc-X-bn-mbva (tKm-jvTn) \pW]-dpw tIpw Imew Ign-pI (kvX_
- v[X
- m)
]Tn-p-Ibpw ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw sNm-Xn-cn-p-I,
Zpc-`n-am-\w, XymK-io-ea
- n-mbva Fn-s\ Ggp
tZmj- hnZymn-Isf _m[n-mw.
2. Cu tZmj--fp--h Hcn-epw ]Tn-pI-bn-. kpJw B{K-ln-p-h
- \v hnZy FhnsS?
hnZym-`ymkw Cn-p--h\v kpJw FhnsS?
hnj- b - k p- J mn hnZy- t bbpw hnZymn
hnj-b-kp-J-tbpw XyPn--Ww. A\yYm
24. A[ymbw 40.5.6
25 "BNm-c-`m\phnepw Cu tmIw Dr-X-am-Wv.
`ojva-h-N-\-n \nsv AhnsS ]d-bp-p-v.
26 Bdmw. kap-m-kw.
81
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
sshiy-msc kkvt\lw ]cn-N-cnv D]-Po-hn-Ww. Blm-cw, hkv{Xw, ]mn-Sw, hnhmlmZn {Inb-I Fn-h-bvm-h-iy-am-b-sXmw
ZznP \I-Ww. As-n ]cym-]vX-amb
amk-i-fw \evI-Ww. \mep PmXn-Ifpw ]ckv]cw {]nbw, D]-Im-cw, \, kpJ-Zp-xJ-fnepw em`\jvS-fnepw sFI-aXyw Fn-htbm-Sp-IqSn hnv \mSn-sbpw \mm-cp-sSbpw
\bv-mbn X\p, a\w, [\w Fn-hsb hn\ntbm-Kn--Ww. kv{XoIfpw ]pcp-j-mcpw Hcp\mfpw At\ym\yw th]n-cnp hkn--cp-Xv.
Fs-m:
]m\w ZpcvP-\-kw-kcvKx ]Xym N hnc-tlmfS\w. kz]vt\mf\y-tK-l-hm-k \mco-k-q-jWm-\n- jSv. (a-\p. 9.13)
Iv, Imhv apX-emb el-cn-If
- p-]t- bm-Knp-I, ZpjvS
- m-tcmSv kl-hm-kw, `r-hn-tbmKw, h I-k-ym-kn-amsctbm atm ImWphm shdpsX Npn-b-Sn-p-I, ]c-Kr-l-n
]mp-Itbm InS-p-d
- p-Itbm sNp-I, Fo
Bdp tZmj- kv{XoIsf Zpjn-n-pw. ]pcpj-m-scbpw Ch Zpjn-n-pw. Imcy-km-[y-n\mbn tZim-S\w sNp-I, acWw Fo cp
Imc-W--fm `mcym-`m--m Xn
th]mSp hcpw. BZys th]mSv Hgn-hm-phm Zqc- b m{X sNp--t m `mcy- t bbpw
sImp-t]m-IW
- w. As\ sNbvXm ZoLIme hntbmKw Dm-hp-Ib
- n-.
tNm: kv{XoIfpw ]pcp-j-mcpw _lp-hnhmlw sNp-Xp \tXm Notbm?
Dcw : Htc ka-bp \-X-.
tNm: `n-Im-e--fn _lp-hn-hmlw
Bh-iy-amtWm?
D: AsX. F-s\-sb-m:
bm kv{Xo Xz--X-tbm-\nx 27 kymZvK-X-{]XymK-Xmf]n hm. s]u\cv`-th\ `cv{Xm km
]p\x kwkvIm-c-acvl-Xn.
]mWn-{K-lWw sImp am{Xw hnhm-ln-Xcm- b - h pw kwtbmKw kw`- h n- n- n- m
82
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Bh- i y- n\v \ntbmKw sNbv X m cmas K`-[m-c-W-tm-Sp-IqSn \ntbm-K-_w
ths]-Sp-W
- w. ]pcp-j Xs Bh-iy-n\v
\ntbmKw sNbvXmepw cm-as K`-tmSp-IqSn _w Hgn-b-Ww. \nbp--bmb kv{Xo
B Ipn-Isf ctm aqtm sImw hfn
\ntbmKw sNbvX ]pcp-js\ Gn--Ww.
C{]-Imcw Hcp hn[-hbvv Xs kzw Bhiy-n-\mbn cpw Xs \ntbmKw sNp
\mep ]pcp-j-mv cp hoXw Fpw IqSn
]p Ipn-Isf {]k-hn-mw. AXp-t]mse
Xs `mcy acn-n-p Hcp ]pcp-j-\v, X\n-pthn cpw Xs \ntbmKw sNp \mep
hn[-h-am-cpsS Bh-iy-n-\mbn Fpw IqSn
]p Ipn- I sf Dev ] m- Z n- n- mw. Cs\
Fmw IqSn ]p km-\-sf Dev]m-Zn-np-hm-\p hn[n thZ-n-ep-v.
Camw Xzan{ aoVzx kp]p{Xmw kp`Kmav
IrWp. Zimkymw ]p{Xm-\m- t[ln ]Xn-taIm-Ziw Ir[n. (E. 10.85.45)
tl (ao- V z, C{) hocy- t k- N - \ - n
{]m]vX\pw sFiz-cy-bp--\p-amb ]pcp-j, \o
Cu hnhm-ln-X-bmb kv{Xosb AYhm hn[-hIsf k-m-\--fp--hcpw ku`m-Ky-aph-cp-am-n, hnhmlw sNbvXn-p `mcy-bn
]p ]p{X-msc Dev]m-Zn-n-p-Ibpw `mcysb
]Xn-s\m-m-a--h-fmbn ]cn-K-Wn-p-Ibpw
sNp-I. Atbm kv{Xo! \o \ns th ]pcpj-\n \ntm \ntbmKw sNp ]pcp-j-\n
\ntm K`w [cn-v ]p ]p{X-msc {]khn-p-Ibpw ]Xn-s\m-m-a-t-Xmbn `mhns\ KWn-p-Ibpw sNp-I.
Cu thZ-hn-[n-{]-Imcw {_mW {Xnb
sshiy- h W- - f n- e p kv { Xo]p- c p- j - m
]n-e-[n-Iw km-\-sf Dev]m-Zn-n--cp-Xv.
A[n- I - a m- b m km- \ - _e- l o- \ cpw
Aev]m-bp-kp-I-fp-am-Ipw. AXp-t]mse kv{Xo]pcp-j-mcpw _e-hpw Bbppw Btcm-Kyhpw
bnv hm-Iy-n AXn-ZpxJw A\p-`-hnpw.
tNm: Cu \ntbmKw hy`n-Nmcw t]mse
tXmp-p.
D: hnhm- l tam \ntbm- K tam sNm
kv{Xo]p-cp-j-m Xn-ep _-amWv hy`n-
Krl-n Xs hkn-p-p.
cm- a - t Xv: hnhm- l - n- e p- mb
amWv As kzn-\-h-Im-iw. \ntbmK-hn-[n-{]-Imcw hn[-h-bn P\n-p km\-sf hocy-Zm-Xm-hns km-\--fm-b acnp-t]mb `m-hns a-fm-bmWv Icp-Xp-Xv
hocy-Zm-Xm-hns tKm{Xmw-K-Xz-tam kz-h-Imitam Ahp e`n-p-I-bn-. Ahsc hn[hbpsS arX-`m-hns km-\
- f
- mbn KWnv, B tKm{Xn s]Sp-n, kz-hI
- m-ihpw
\In, B IpSpw-_-n Xs hkn-n-pp.
aqm-a-tXv: hnhm-ln-X-cmb `mcym-`m-m At\ym\yw ip{iq-jn-p-Ibpw kwcn-p-Ibpw sN-Ww. \nbp--cmb kv{Xo]pcp-j-m Xn Acw IS-m-sSm-p-an-.
\mem-a-tXv: `mcym-`r-_w ac-W]-cyw \ne-\np--Xm-Wv. \nbp--cmb
kv{Xo]p-cp-j-m-cpsS _w Dt-i-]qntbmsS Cm-Xm-Ip-p.
Am-a-tXv: hnhmlw sNbvXv `mcym`m--m-cm-b-h Ah-cpsS am{Xw Krlnse Imcy- t\mn \S-p-p. \nbp-cmb kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw Hmtcm-cp--cpsSbpw Krl-Im-cy- am{Xw t\mp-p.
tNm: hnhm- l - n- s bpw \ntbm- K nsbpw \nb-a- sht-sd-bmtWm?
D: cn-sbpw \nb-a- Xn sXp
t`Zapsp app ]d-p. hnhmlw sNbvX
kv { Xo]p- c p- j - mv - - H cp ]pcp- j \pw Hcp
kv{Xopw IqSn ]p km-\--fp-m-Imw.
\nbp- - c mb kv { Xo]p- c p- j - mv ctm
\mtem km-\--fn-e-[nIw Dm-Im ]mSn.
Ipam-c-mpw I\y-I-ampw Xnte
hnhmlw ]mSpq Fp \nb-a-ap--Xp-t]mse
hn[- h bv pw hn[p- c \pw Xn am{Xta
\ntbmKw ]mSp-q. Ipam-cn--Ip-am-c-m Xn
]mSn-.
`mcym-`m--m kZm Hnp ]mp- X p- t ]mse \nbp kv { Xo]p- c p- j - m
]mm-dn-. EXp-Im-e - n-e - msX asm- cnepw Ah Hnp tNcm-dn-. kv{Xo Xs
83
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Nmcw Ipd-bpw. kvt\l-n \nv D-a-km-\- Dmbn a\p-jy A`n-hrn {]m]npw. {`qW- l Xy Xosc Cm- X m- h p- I bpw
sNpw. \oN- ] p- c p- j - m- t cmSv D- a - k v { XoIpw thiymZn \nIrjvS kv{XoI-tfmSv \
]pcp-j
- mpw DmIp hy`n-Nm-cs
- a \oNIr-Xyw, Xd-hm-n If-w, hwi-\m-iw, kv{Xo]pcp-j-m-cpsS km-]w, {`qW-lXy apX-emb
Zpjv I r- X y- Fn- h - s bmw hnhmlw
sImpw \ntbmKw sImpw \in-p-p. AXn\m \ntbmKw Hcp Bhiyw Xs-bm-Wv.
tNm: \ntbmKw Fs\ sNWw?
D: hnhmlw ]c-ky-ambn sNp-X
- p-t]mse
\ntbm-Khpw Fm-hcpw Adnp sN-Ww.
hnhm-l-n\v th-s--h-cp-sSbpw h[q-h-c-mcp-sSbpw k-Xhpw kp-jvSnbpw Bh-iy-amb-Xp-t]mse \ntbm-K-nepw Ah Bh-iy-amWv. kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw Xn \ntbm-K-ntes-Sp-tm Ah-cn-cp-hcpw X-fpsS IpSpw_-nse kv{Xo]p-cp-j-m-cpsS ap]n hv
C{]-Imcw i]Yw sNWw: ""R cpt]cpw km-\-e-_v[n-mbn \ntbm-K-n
Gs-Sp-p. \ntbm-K-ns eyw {]m]nm ]ns R kw_--ap-t]-n--pw.
adnp {]hn-p- ]w, R ]m]nIfpw kmap-Zm-bn-Ihpw cmP-Io-b-hp-amb inl- c p- a m- I p- - X m- W v . amk- n Hcp
{]mhiyw am{Xta R K`m-[m\w sNpI- b p- q. K`- a p- m- b m ]ns Hcp
sImwhsc R th]n-cnp hkn-p-sImmw.''
tNm: kzw PmXn-bn am{Xta \ntbmKw
BImhq Fptm? A\y- P m- X n- b nepw
BImtam?
D: kv{Xov Xs PmXn-bntem DXvIr-jvSPm-Xn-bntem s] ]pcp-j-t\mSv \ntbm-K-am-Imw.
sshiy-hW-n-ep kv{Xov {_m-W-{Xn- b - s sh- i y- m- t cmSp IqSnbpw {Xn- b kv{Xov {_mlvW--{Xn-b-m-tcmSp IqSn-bpw
{_m- W - k v { Xov {_m- W - t \mSp IqSn
am{Xhpw \ntbm-K-am-Imw. hocyw katam DXvIrjvStam Bb PmXn-bp-tS-X-msX \nIr-jvS-amI- c p- s Xp Xmev ] - c yw. kv { Xo]p- c p- j - msc
krjvSn-n-cn-p--Xns {]tbm-P\w thZm-\p-
84
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
85
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
l) Cu Krl-m-{i-a-n (]-ip-`yx) arKv (in-h) awK-f-Im-cn-Wnbpw (kp-b-amx)
[- a mK- N m- c n- W nbpw (kp- h cv N mx) kpcnbpw kIe imkv{X-hn-im-c-Zbpw ({]-Pm-h-Xo)
t{ijvT-cm-b -]p-{X-]u-{Xm-Zn-I-fp--hfpw (ho-ckqx) hoc-]p-{X-msc {]k-hn--hfpw (tZ-hr-Imam) tZhcs\ Iman-p-h
- fpw (tkym-\m) kpJ{]-Z-bp-am-bn, `m-hn-t\tbm tZh-c-t\tbm
(G-[n) {]m]n-v, (C-a-av) Cu (Kmcvl]Xy-av)
Krl- k w- _ - n- b mb (A- n- a v ) tlmamnsb (k-]-cy) Pzen-np \ne-\np-I.
Xma-t\\ hn[m-t\\ \ntPm hntX tZhcx
(a-\p. 9.69)
A-X-tbm-\n-bmb kv{Xo hn[-h-bm-bm
`m-hns kzw A\p-P\v Ahsf hnhmlw
sNmw.
tNm: Hmtcm-cp-pw F{X \ntbmKw
hoXw sNmw? hnhmlw sNbv X - h cpw
\ntbmKw sNbvX-h-cp-amb `m--m-cpsS
kw-I Gh?
D:tkmax {]Ytam hnhntZ Kcvthm
hnhnZ Dcx. XrXotbm AnjvtS ]XnkvXq-co-bkvtX a\p-jyPmx (E. 10. 85.40)
Atbm \mco! (tX) \ns ({]-Y-ax) Hmw
hnhm-l-nse (]-Xnx) `m-hmbn (hn-hn-tZ)
\ns {]m]n-p--bm-fn\v (tkm-ax) kuIp-amcymZn KpW--fm tkma Fp t]cmWv.
\ntbm-K-m (hn-hn-tZ) {]m]n-p ZznXob (K-hx) asmcp kv{Xosb {]m]n-n-cp-Xn-\m Kh F kw-bp--h-\mWv. (Xr-Xob D-cx) ]noSv aqm-as
`m-hm-Ip--bmv (A-nx) AXy-[nI
km- ] - a p- f - h m- ph\m- I - b m An
FmWv kw. (tX) \ns (Xp-cn-bx) \mep
apX ]Xn-s\mp hsc-bp \nbp--]-XnIv (a- \ p- j y- P mx) a\pjy FmWv
kw.
"Cam Xzav' 31 F a{-a\
- p-kc
- nv kv{Xov
]Xn- s \mp ]pcp- j - msc \ntbm- K n- m- h pXpt]mse ]pcp-j\v ]Xn-s\mp kv{XoI-
tfbpw \ntbm-Kn-mw.
tNm: GIm-Zi
- k
- w-b
- m ]p-]p-{X-mscpw ]Xn-s\m-m-aXv ]Xn-sbpw FpsImv Fn-qSm?
D: As\ Aw ]d- b p ]w
""hn[thh tZh- c av '' ""tZhcx Ikv a mXv
ZznXotbm hc DNytX'' ""AtZ- h rLv \ n''
""Kthm hnhZ Dcx'' apX-emb thZ-{]am-W-p hncp--ambn Xocpw. Fs-m
\n- f psS hymJym- \ - a - \ p- k - c nv cmw
`mhv Dm-bn-q-S-tm.
tZh-cmZzm k]n-WvUmZzm kv{Xnbm kayMv\n-bp-bm. {]tP-]vkn-Xm-[n-K
- hym km32
\ky ]cn-tb.
tPyjvtTm bho-btkm `mcymw bho-bm-\zm{K-P-kv{Xn-bav. ]XnsXu `htXm KXzm \nbpm-h-]y-\m-]Zn. 33 Huckx t{X-P-ssh 34
C-s\-bmWv a\p Fgp-Xn-bn-p--Xv. k]nWvU AYhm `m-hns Bdp Xe-ap-d-hsc
AI _p- - f n s], `m- h ns
tPyjvTm-\p-P-m, kzPm-Xn-bn-ep--h, D-XPm- X o- b , Fn- h - t cm- S mWv hn[- h bv v
\ntbmKw hnln-X-am-b-Xv. Fm \ntbmKw
sNp-Xv hn[p-c-\pw hn[-hbvpw km-\-e_v[nv B{K-l-ap-s-nte DNn-X-am-bn-cn-q.
A\yw \np-tmgpw \ntbmKw Bh-iy-amWv. km\w AXy-m-t]-n-Xa
- m-bn-cn-p-tmg-msX (tPy-jvTs `mcy-tbm-Sp-IqSn A\p-Pt\m A\p-Ps `mcy-tbm-Sp-IqSn tPyjvTt\m
\ntbmKw sNbv X p km- \ - a p- m- b - X n\p
tijw) hopw _w XpSm Ccp-hcpw
]Xn-Xc
- m-Ipw. Hcp \ntbm-K
- ns IqSnb Imemh[n cm- a s K`m- [ m\w hsc- b m- W v .
CXn\p tijw \nbp- Xn kam-Kaw
]mSn-. kv{Xo ]pcp-j-m-cn-cp-h-cp-sSbpw Bhiy-am-bn-mWv \ntbm-Ksa-n \mem-as
K`m-[m\w hsc Imem-h-[n-bm-Imw. Cs\
31 t]Pv 183 ImWp-I. AhnsS {]I-c-W-h-im ]p
km-\
- s
- fpw ChnsS \ntbm-K{- ]-Ic
- W
- a
- m-Ib
- m
]p \ntbm-Khpw Hcp hnhm-l-hp-sav AYw ]dn-cn-p-p.
32 a\p 9. 59
33 Sn. 9.50
34 Sn. 9. 159
86
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
sW-n Fp-sIm-hpw ]Tn-mt\m Ion
km-Zn-p--Xnt\m hntZ-i-bm-{X-bn-em-sWn Bdp-sIm--hpw ]Ww km-Zn-mt\m
atm \mSp hnn-cn-p-s-n aqp-sImw
hscbpw Imn-cp tijw \ntbmKw sNbvXv
km-\-e_v[n t\Sm-hp--Xm-Wv. `mhp
aSn hcp-tm \nbp--]-Xn-bpsS _w
ths]-Spw.
2. Cs\ ]pcp-j
- m-cpsS Imcy-nepw \nba-ap-v. hnhmlw Ignv Fp sImw hsc
K`w [cn-m hysb Fm-as hjhpw `mcy {]k-hn-p km-\--sfmw acnp-t]m-Ip ]w Ahsf ]mw sIm-nepw s]Ip-n-Isf am{Xw {]k-hn-p--hsf
]Xn-s\mmw hj-hpw A{]nbw ]d-bp--hsf
DS-s\-X-sbpw ]cn-Xy-Pnv thsdmcp kv{Xo
tbm-Sp-IqSn \ntbmKw sNbvXv, km-\-sf
t\Sm-hp--Xm-Wv. CXp-t]mse Xs kv{Xo
Ifpw `m--m AXncp Ihnv D]-{Z-hnp--h-cm-sW-n Ahsc Dt]-n-v, A\y]p-cp-j-m-tcm-Sp-IqSn \ntbmKw sNbvXv km\-sf t\Sn Ahsc `m-hns, kz-n-\h-Im-in-I-fm--Ww.
C- s \- b p {]am- W - , bpn- I
Fn-h-b-\p-k-cnv kzbw-hc coXn-bn hnhmlhpw \ntbm-Khpw sNbvXv hwi-h\ sNWw. Huc-k]
- p-{X-m (`m-hn \np-mb
a) ]nXm-hns kzn\v Ah-Im-in-I-fmIp--Xp-t]mse t{X-P-m-cmb (\n-tbm-Km Dm-b) ]p{X-mcpw arX-]n-Xm-hns
Zmb-`m-K-n\v Ah-Im-in-I-fm-Ip-p.
hocy-cP
- k
- p-I AXn-aq-ey-ap hkvXp-f
- msWv kv{Xo]p-cp-j-m a\-kn-em--Ww. Cu
aqey-h-kvXp-sf ]c-kv{Xo-I, thiy-I,
ZpjvS-]p-cp-j-m Fn-h-cpsS kwkK-m
Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNp--h aqV Xs. henb
hnh-c-an-m Irjn-m t]mepw A\y-cpsS
hb-en hnp hnXbv-p-n-. kzw hbentem tXm-ntem am{Xta hnX-bvq. CXp
{]Xyam-bn-cn-t, AXn-{]-[m-\-amb a\p-jyi-co-c-ns _oPs A\l-amb t{Xn sImsdn-bp--h alm-aq-V-\m-Wv.
Fs-m AXns ^ew hnX-bvph\p
Inp-n-. ""Bflm ssh PmbtX ]p{Xx''
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Ft{X {_m-W- ]d-bp--Xv.
AwKm-Zw-KmXv kw-`-hmkn lrZ-bm-Z-[n- Pmbtk. Bflmkn ]p{X am arYmx k Poh
ic-Zx- i-Xav.. 35 (CXp kma-thZ {_m-W-hN-\-am-Wv)
tl ]p{X! \o Fs Fm AwK--fn
\npw Dmb hocy-n \npw lrZ-b
- n
\np-amWv P\n-X
- v. \o Fs Bflmhp Xs.
Rm acn-p--Xn\p apv \o acn--cp-Xv. \o
\qdp hjw Pohn-n-cn-p-I. al-p-fpw almi-b-m-cp-am-b-h-cpsS ico-c-n\p \nZm-\-amb
hocyw thiymZn ZpjvS-cn hnX-bvp--Xpw
ZpjvS-_o-Ps \ ]m{X--fn hnX-bvpXpw A]-I-S-I-c-a-t{X.
tNm: FmWv hnhmlw? IjvS-s-Sm\pw
_-\
- n AI-sp ZpxJn-m-\ptam? ]ckv]c t{]a-ap--h Hcp-an-n-cn--s. t{]aw
Cm-Xm-bm th]n-cn-b-s. CXt icn?
D: Pp--fpsS kz`m-h-am-Wn-Xv. a\p-jy-cptS-X-. hnhm-l\nbaw Cs-n Krl-m{i-a-nse \ {]hr-n-I-sfmw \in-p-t]mIpw. hr-msc ip{iq-jn-m-\m-fn-m-Xm-Ipw.
hy`n-Nmcw hn-pw. tcmKn-Ifpw _e-lo-\cpw Aev]m-bp-kp-I-fp-ambn a\p-jy thKw acnpw. Xd-hm-Sp-I apSnbpw Bpw Bscbpw
`b-an-m-Xm-Ipw. e Bp-ap-m-hn-. kzh-Im-ihpw `mKm-h-Im-ihpw Cm-Xm-Ipw hkvXp-fn-t kzm-h-Imiw Cm-Xm-Ipw. CXn\v
DNn-X-amb ]cn-lmcw hnhmlw Xs.
tNm: hnhm-l-n GI ]Xv\o-{h-Xhpw
GI-`r-hy-h--bp-a-t-bpq? Atm
kv{Xo K`n-Wntbm nc-tcm-Kn-Wntbm BhpIbpw AYhm ]pcp-j nc-tcm-Kn-bm-hpItbm sNbvXm, Ccp-hcpw buh-\-bp-sc-n {_-N-cy-kw-c-Ww Ccp-hp-akm-y-am-Ipw. Atm Ah-scp sNWw?
D: CXn-\p-cw \ntbm-K{- ]-Ic
- W
-
- n-ep-v.
K`n- W n- b mb `mcy- t bmSv Hcm- p- I mew
kwtbmKw hn ]pcp-j\pw tcmKn-bmb
88
\memw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
n? IqSmsX Cu DZm-l-cWw Xs icn-b. Fs-m, {_m-W\pw iq{Z\pw a\pjy-Pm-Xn-bn s]Sp-p. ]iphpw Igp-Xbpw `nPm-Xn-I-fm-Wv. Ah cpw arK-Pm-Xn-bn s]Xm-sWp ]dv DZm-l-c-W-ns {]IrX
s Hcp hn[w {]Ir-X-n\p tbmPn-n-m-sanepw Bi-b-n\p tN-bn-m-bvI-bm Cu
tmIw Hcn-epw {]amWa-.
2. Aizm-ew-`-\-sap ]dv IpXn-csb
sImp tlman-p-I, Khm-ew-`\-sa t]cn -]-ip-hns\ sImp tlman-p-I Fnhbv p thZ- n hn[n- t b- b n- . Atm
Ahsb Ien-bp-K-n \ntj-[n-p-Xp thZhn-cp-a
- t? Cu \oN-Ia-n\v Ien-bp-K
- n
\ntj-[-ap-sp Icp-Xp ]w t{XXmZnbp-K--fn AXn\p hn[n-bp-m-bn-cp-s-mWtm hp IqSp-I. Acw ZpjvIa-
""t{ijvT-bpK''n Dm-Ip-Xv Akw-`-hyam-Wv. kw\ym-k-n\v thZm-Zn-im-kv{X--fn
hn[n-bp-v. AXns\ \ntj-[n-p-hm {]am-Wsam-p-an-. amwkm-lmcw \njn--am-sW-n
AXv Fpw \njnw Xs-bmWv tZhc-cn
\nv ]pt{Xm]m-Z\w thZm-\p-a-Xn-bp--Xm
Ibm tmI-ap-m-n-b-h Nne-np Imcyan.
3. `mhp \jvS-\m-bn-cn-p-tm--hn-tZi-hm-k
- n-em-sW-n `mcy asm-cmsf `mhmbn hcn-p-Ibpw Atm hnhmlw sNbvX
`mhp aSn hcn-Ibpw sNbvXm Ah
BcpsS `mcy-bm-bn-cnpw? hnhmlw sNbvX
]Xn- b psS ]Xv \ n- b m- b n- c n- p- s a Dcw
\appw kzoImcyw Xs. Fm As\
Hcp hyh ]cm-i-c-kvar-Xn-bn ImWp-n. kv{XoIp-m-Im-hp B]m-e
-
At Dtm? `mhp tcmKn-bm-hp-I, `mcym`m--mp Xn hntcm-[-ap-m-hp-I,
XpS-nb B]-p-I An-e[
- n-Ia
- t? AXn\m Ccw tmI-sf {]am-W-ambn KWnp-Xp icn-b.
tNm: sImm-atm tl, \n ]cm-i-ca-ljn-bpsS hmn-\p-t]mepw hne Iev]np-nt?
D: BcpsS hN-\-am-bmepw thZ-hn-cp--am-bXp-sImv hne-sh-p-n. CXp ]cm-i-cs
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hm\-{]- - -k-\ym-k-hn[n
90
Amw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
5
Amw kap-mkw
hm\-{]---kw\ym-k-hn[n
AY hm\-{]---kw\ym-k-hn[nw hymax
{_-N-cym-{iaw kam]y Krlo-`-thXv Krlo
`qXzm h\o `th-Zz-\o-`qXzm {]{h-tPXv (i-X.
14) {_-N-cym-{iaw Ignv Krl-m-{iaw
ssIsmv ]noSv hm\-{]-m-{iaw kzoIcn-p-Ibpw AXn-\p-tijw kw\ykn-p-Ibpw
sNp-Xv Fm-hpw DNn-X-am-Wv. CXmWv
B{i-a-hn-[n.
1. Ghw Krlm-{ita nXzm hn[n-h-
kvv\m-X-tIm-ZznPx, ht\ htkp \nbtXm
bYm-hZzn-Pn-tX-{nbx
2. Krl--kvXp bZm ]tiy-Zz-eo-]-en-X-amfl\x. A]-Xy-sskyh Nm]Xyw XZm-cWyw
kam-{i-tbXv.
3. kwXyPy {Kmay-am-lmcw kcvhw ssNh
]cn-Zvav, ]pt{Xjp `mcymw \nxn]y h\w
Ktsslh hm.
4. An-tlm{Xw kam-Zmb Krlyw Nmn]-cn-O-Zav, {Kmam-Z-cWyw \nx krXy \nh-tkn-b-tX-{nbx.
5. ap\-y-sscvhn hnss[cvtassyx imIaqe-^t- e\ hm FXm-t\h alm-b
m-ncvht]-Zzn-[n-]qcvh-Iav. (a-\p. 6. 15)
1. Cs\ kv\mX-I-cmb ZznP-m {_Ncyw A\p- j v T np kam- h \w sNbv X
{_m-W--{Xnb sshiy--Kr-l-m-{iaw
Ignv Bfl-\n-b-{Ww C{n-b-Pbw Fnh-tbmSp IqSn h\-n hkn--Ww.
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hm\-{]- - -k-\ym-k-hn[n
D:- BsWpw Aspw hcmw.
tNm:- cp-hn-[-n ]d-bp--sX-s\?
D:- cp hn[-n ]d--X-. _mey-Imep hnc--\mb tijw hnj-b-kp-J--fn
AI-s-Sp--h alm-]m-]nbpw AI-s-Sm-Xncn-ph alm ]pWy-hm-\mb kXv]p-cp-j\p-am-Wv. ""bZ-l-tch hnc-tP--Z-l-tch {]{htPXv h\m-Zzm,-Kr-lmZzm {_-N-cym-tZh {]{htPXv.'' 1CXp {_m-W-h-N-\-am-Wv. hncn
Dm-Ip-tm Xs, Krlm-{i-a-n
\ntm, hm\-{]--n \ntm, kw\ymkw
kzoI-cnp sIm-Ww. app ]d kw\ymk-{I-a-n A`n-{]m-b-t`-Z-apv:-hm\-{]w
kzoI-cn-X
- n\p tijw kw\y-kn-W
- s
- av Hcp]w; hm\-{]w ssIsm-f-fmsX Krlm-{i-a
- n \np-Xs kw\y-kn-m-sap
asmcp ]w, ]qW sshZpjyw km-Zn-h\pw, hnj-b-kp-J-n CNvObn-m--h\pw,
]tcm-]-Imc Xev]-c-\p-amb ]qcq-j\v {_-Ncym-{i-a-n \np-Xs kw\ymkw kzoIcn- m- s ap aqmw ]w. thZ- - f nepw
""bXbx {_m-Wky hnPm-\Xx"" Fp XpSnb ]Z-sfsmv kw\ymkw hn[n-n-pv. Fnepw:-
\mhn-ctXm ZpivNcn-Xm-m-imtm \mk-amlnXx. \mim--am-\tkm hm]n {]Pv-Rm-t\ss\-\-am-]v\p-bm-Xv. (IT. D. 2. 33.)
Zpcm-Nm-cn-bpw im-kz-`m-h-an-m--h-\pw tbm- K - k n- n- b n- m- - h - \ pw im- N n- \mh\pambh kw\y-kn-mepw {]m\m ]c- a m- fl m- h ns\ {]m]n- p- - X - .
AXn-\m :-
bNvtOZzm-Mva-\ko {]m kvXZyNvtOZv
m\- B - fl \o m\- a m- fl \n alXn
\obNvtO-ZyNvtO NvOm-B-fl-\o.(-I-T.D.3.13)
_pn- a m- \ mb kw\ymkn hmv , - a - \ kv
Fnhsb A[-n \n-In m\nepw Bflm-hnepw Dd-n-Ww. ]ns B
m\-tbpw Bflm-hn-t\bpw Cuiz-c-\n
2. ico-c-kp-J-n-\mbn hfsc Azm-\nmsX {_- N m- c n- b m- b n- - ` mcy Hcp- a n- psnepw hnj-b-kpJw A\p-`-hn-m-sX \nep- I n- S - p- d - p- I bpw B{in- X - c p- t StXm
kztam Bb Hnepw aa-X-bn-msX ac-ph-n ]mp-Ibpw thWw.
X]x-{it tb lyp]-h-k-y-ctWy
imm hnZzmwtkm ss`-Ncymw Ncx.
kqcy-Zzm-tcW tX hncPmx {]bmn
b{Xmf-arXx k ]pcptjm lyhy-bm-flm.
(ap-WvU. D. 2. 11)
X]p sNbvXpw [a-a\
- p-jvTnpw kXys
k{iw cnpw `nm--m \nXy-hrn
Ignpw im-Nn-cpw hnZzm-m-cp-am-b-h h\n hknv \nXy-\pw em`-tN-X-c-ln-X-\pw
]qW-]p-cp-j-\p-amb ]c-am-flm-hns\ \na-e-cmbn, {]mW-\n-eqsS {]m]n-v, ]c-am-\--a-\p-`-hnp--h-cmbn `hn-p-p.
A`ym -Z-[man kan-[-at {hX-]tX Xzbnw
{hXwN {imw tNmss]- a ot Xzm
ZontXmAlav (b-Pp. 20. 24)
""An-tlm{Xw sNbvXp Zon-X\
- mbn Rm
{hXw kXym- N - c Ww {i Fn- h sb
{]m]npw'' Fn-s\ k-ev]n-p-sImv
hm\-{]-m-{iaw kzoI-cn-W
- w. hnhn-[X
- ]
-
- pI-fmepw kXv-kw-Kw, tbmKm`ymkw Nn-ipn
Fn-h-bmepw \na-em\w km-Zn--Ww.
kw\y-kn-p-hm C-bp-m-Ip-tm `mcysb
]p{X-mcpsS ASp--te--b-nv kw\y-kn-Ww. Npcp--n CXmWv hm\-{]-m-{i-ahn[n.
AY kw\ymk-hn[nx
ht\jp N hnlr-ssXyhw XrXobw `mKam-bpjx NXpcvY-am-bptjm `mKw Xyzm
kwKm ]cn-{h-tPXv (a-\p. 6. 33)
Bbp-kns aqm-as `mKw--A--Xp-apX Fgp-]--p- hb-kp-hsc hm\-{]-\m-bn-cp tijw Bbp-kns \mem-as `mKn kh- k w- K - - t fbpw ]cn- X y- P n- v ,
kw\ym-kn-bm-I-Ww.
tNm:- Krl-hpw hm\-{]-hpw kzoIcn-msX kw\ym-km-{iaw kzoI-cn-p-Xp
]m]-amtWm?
1 Pm_m-tem-]\
- n-jv 4mw JWvU
- n
]mT-n\p {Ia-t`-Z-tmsS Cu hN\w ImWmw.
* EtKzZw 8.6.18
92
Amw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
thZm--hn-m-\-kp-\n-n-XmcvYmx
kw\ym-k-tbm-Km-ZyXbx ip-kXzm
tX {_-tem-tIjp ]cm--Imte
]cm-arXx ]cn-ap-Nyn kcvth
(ap-WvU. D. 2.6)
thZm--n Cuizc {]Xn-]m-Zn-X-amb
thZ-a-{--fp-sS--A-m\w sImpw
BNmcw sImpw kpZr-V-amb kw\ym-k-tbmK-m Nn-ip-n-bp-mb kw\ym-kn-am ]cam-flm-hn tam-kpJw {]m]n-v, B\--a-\p`-hn--Xn-\p-ti-jw, tam-kp-J-ns Ah[n
]qW-am-Ip-tm hopw kwkm-c-_-n Fp-p. tamw sIm-msX asmn-\mepw ZpxJw \in-p-I-bn-. Fs-m:
\ ssh kicocky kXx {]nbm-{]n-b-tbmc-]-l-Xn-ckvXy icocw hmh-kw \ {]nbm{]ntb kv]riXx (Om-tm-Kyw) 3
tZl-[m-cnv kpJ-Zpx-J--fn \np thdnn-cn-m km[y-a-. ico-c-c-ln-X-\mb Pohmflmhp tam-n kh-hym-]n-bmb kthiz-c-t\m-Sp-IqSn ip-\mbn hkn-p--Xn-\m
kmwkmcnI kpJ-Zpx-J- AXns\ kv]inp-I-bn-. AXn-\m:
]pss{X-j-Wm-bm hnss-j-Wm-bm
temssIjWmbm hypm- b m- Y `n- mNcyw Nc-n. 4 (i-X-]Yw 14)
temI- _ - l p- a m\hpw em`- h pw [\w
sImp kpJ-hpw am\y-Xb
- pw ]p{Xm-Zn-If
- n
tamlw CXymZn shSnv kw\ymknam `np-fmbn cm]-I tam-km-[-\-bn XXv]-ccm-bn-cn-p-p.
{]mPm-]Xymw \ncq-t]yjvSow Xkymw kcvh-thZ kwlpXzm {_mWx {]{h-tPXv (bPpthZ{_m-Ww) 5
{]Pm-]Xymw \ncq-t]yjvSow kcvh-th-Z-k-ZnWmw; Bfl- \ y- ok- a m- t cm- ] y- { _mlvaWx {]{h-tPZv KrlmXv
3 Omtm D 8.12.1
4 iX-]Yw 14. 6. 4.1
5 \ymb-kq-{X-f
- psS hmym-b\ `mjy (4, 161-62)-n
CXv {]Pm-]-Xym-anjvSnw \ncq]y Xkymw kcvh-th-Zkw
lpXm Bflm\y \oK kam-tcm]y {_mWx {]{htPXv Fv Dr-Xa
- m-Wv.
2 kzKm-Zn-I-fn-nv bw apX-emb
kIm-a-Iam-\p-jvTm-\--fn
BXp-c-cm-b-h-sc-Yw.
93
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hm\-{]- - -k-\ym-k-hn[n
Im-c-Wav.
7. ^ew IX-I-hr-ky bZy]yw_q-{]-kmZ-Iav. \ \ma-{K-l-Wm-tZh Xky hmcn {]koZ-Xn.
8. {]mWm-bmam {_m-W-ky -{X-tbmf]n
hn[n-h-XvIrXmx. hymlrXn {]W-ssh-cyp-m
hntbw ]caw X]x.
9. Zlyt [vamb-am-\m\w [mXq\mw ln
bYm aemx. XtY-{n-bmWmw Zlyt tZmjmx
{]mWky \n{K-lmXv.
10. {]mWm-bm-ssacvZ-tl-tm-jm [mc-Wm`n Inev_njav. {]Xym-lm-tcW kwkcvKm
[ymt\-\m-\o-iz-cm KpWm.
11. Dm-htNjp `qtXjp Zpcvt-bm-a-IrXm-fl`nx. [ym\-tbm-tK\ kw]-tiyZv KXn-akym--cm-fl\x.
12. Alnw-kt- b-{n-bm-kM
- vssKcvssh-Zn-ssIssh Icva`nx. X]-k--c-ssW-tm-ss{Kkm-[-b-o-l -XXv]Z-av.
13. bZm `mth\ `hXn kcv h - ` m- t hjp
\nkv]rlx. XZm kpJ-a-hm-]vt\mXn t{]Xy
tNl N imiz-Xav.
14. NXpcv`n-c]n ssNh-ssXcv\n-Xy-am-{i-an`ncvZznssPx. Zi-e--WtIm [cvax tkhnXhyx {]b-Xv\Xx
15. [rXnx am Ztamf-kvtXbw iuN-an{n-b-\n-{Klx. [ohn-Zym- k-Xy-a-t{Imt[m
ZiIw [cva e-W-av.
16. At\\ hn[n\m kcvhmw kvXyzmkw- K mRv O ss\x iss\x. kcv h - Z z- z- h n\ncvaptm {_tWyhm-h-Xn-jvTtX (a-\p.
6) 6
1. kw\ymkn hgn-bn IqSn \S-p-tm
Ap-anpw t\mmsX Xmsg t\mn \S-Ww. kZm app sImv Acn shw IpSn-Ww. kZm kXyw kwkm-cn--Ww. CS-hnSmsX a\-\wsNbvXv kXys {Klnv AkXys XyPn--Ww.
2. A\y- t cmSp kwkm- c n- p- t mtgm
A\yp-]-tZiw \Ip-tmtgm Bsc-nepw
6 a\p. 6mw A[ymbw 46, 48, 49, 52, 60, 66, 67, 70,
73, 75, 80, 91, 92, 81 Fo-{I-a-n tmI-
94
Amw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
95
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hm\-{]- - -k-\ym-k-hn[n
tNm: kw\ym-k-n\p {_mlvaWp
am{Xta hn[n-bptm? AtXm {Xn-bm-Zn-Ifp-sSbpw [cva-amtWm?
D: kw\ym-k-n\v {_m-W\p am{Xta
A[n- I mcw Dq. Fm PmXn- I - f nepw
]qWhnZzm-m-cpw, [man-Icpw ]tcm-]-Im-c-Xev]-cp-amb P\--fpsS t]cmWv {_m-W
F- X v . ]qW- s sh- Z p- j yw, [a- X - e v ] - c - X ,
Cuiz-c-\n-jvT, hnc-n, Fn-h-bn-m--h
kw\y-kn-p-Xp sImv temI-n\v ]d-b D]-Im-c-sampw e`n-p-I-bn-. AXn\m {_m-W-\-msX ampw kw\ym-kn\v A[n-Im-c-an-sp temI ]d-bm-dp-v.
a\p-kvar-Xn-bn AXn\v {]am-W-hm-Iy-hp-apv:
Gj thmf`n-lntXm [cvtam {_m-Wky
NXpcvhn[x. ]ptWym-f-b-^ex t{]Xy cmP[cvaw \nt_m-[-X. (a\p. 6. 97)
alm-\mb a\p ]d-bpp: ""Atbm EjnP-\--tf, {_-N-cyw, Kml-yw, hm\-{]w, kw\ymkw Fo \mev B{i-a-
kzoI-cn-p-Xv {_m-Ws [a-am-Wv. Cln ]pWy-cq-]-am-bXpw, ]c-n tamsa A-bm-\--sbpw \Ip--XmWv
kw\ym-k-[aw. C\n Rm ]d-bp cmP-[asa-sv tIp-hn"" kw\ymkw kzoI-cnp- h m {_m- W - \ mWv A[n- I m- c - s apw
{Xn-bm-Zn-Iv {_-N-cym-{i-a-nt\ A[nIm-c-ap-ffp Fpw knnpp.
tNm: Fn-\mWv kw\ymkw kzoI-cn-pXv? 7
D: ico-c-n inc-s--hw NXp-cm-{ia-f
- n kw\ym-khpw AXy-m-t]-n-Xa
- m-Wv.
kw\ym-km-{i-a-an-s-n hnZym, [aw Fnh, Hcnepw A`n-hr-n-s-Sp-I-bn-. ap aqm{i-a--fn-ep-f-f-hpw hnZym-y-b-\w, Krl-IrXy-\nh-l-Ww, X]ivNcy Fn-h-bp-f-f-Xn\m hfsc Ipdp ka-bta Hgnhp e`n-bvp.
ap aqm- { i- a - mpw ]- ] m- X - a n- msX
s]cp-am-dm {]mbm-k-am-Wv. khYm kzX-{\mb kw\ym-knv km[n-p-{X temtIm-]Imcw sNp-hm CXc B{i-a-mp Ignbp-I-bn-. kXy-hn-Zy-bm ]Zm-hn-Pv-Rm\w
96
Amw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
-h-tcmSv "\obpw {_-amWv; \ns ]pWy]m-]- kv]in-p-I-bn; Fs-m
iotXm-jvW- ico-c-n-s-bpw, hnipw
Zmlhpw {]mW-s-bpw, kpJ-Zpx-J a\kn-s-bpw [a-am-Wv. temIta anYy. euInI
hrn-I-sfmw `mh-\bpw Ak-Xy-hp-am-Ibm AXn s]pg- e p- Xv _pn- b - .
]pWy-hpw ]m]hpw tZl-n-sbpw C{n-b-fp-tSbpw [a-amWv; Bflm-hn-t-X''
Fp-]-tZ-in-pw. C-s\-bmWv kw\ym-knam ]d-bp--Xv. CXn \np hyXym-k-apff kw\ym-k-s--n-bmWv Ap ]d-bp-Xv. GXmWv kXyw. GXm-W-kXyw?
D: Ahp \ Imcy--sfmpw sNphm-\n-stm? t\mq! ""sshZn-ssIivssNh
Icva`nx'' 9FmWp a\p-hN
- \
- w. sshZn-II
- a--[am-\p-kr-Xhpw kXy-hp-am-b-Ia--kw-\ym-kn-amcpw Ahiyw A\p-jvTn--W-sam-Wn-Xn-\w. `Ww hkv{Xw apX-em-bh
Dt]-n-p-hm Ahp Ign-bptam? AXpt]mepw Dt]-n-p-hm i-c-m Ah
t{ijvT-Ia- XyPn-p-Xp sImv ]XnXcpw ]m]n-I-fp-am-hp-I-bnt? Krl--cn
\nv `Ww hkv{Xw apX-em-bh hmp-Ibpw
Ahv AXn\v {]Xyp-]-Imcw sNm-Xn-cn-pI-bp-am-sW-n AXp alm-]m-]-at? ImWpI-bpw tIpIbpw sNm-Xn-cp-m Ipw
sNhnbpw sImv {]tbm-P-\-an-. AXp-t]mse
ktXym-]t-Ziw \Ip-Ibpw thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-fpsS a\-\hpw {]Nm-chpw \S-p-Ibpw
sNm-Xn-cp-m kw\ym-kn-am temI-n\v
`mc-am-hp-Itb Df-fq. Ahn-Zy-bpsS kzcq-]-amb
{]]--s-n Nnnp Xe-]p-I-bvp--sXn-s\v Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]d-bp-Ibpw apw sNp-h-cmWv anYybpw ]m]n-I-fpw. imco-cnI Ia-sfmw Xs Bflm-hns Ia--fm-Wv.
Bflm-hmWv Ah-bpsS ^ew A\p-`-hn-p-Xv. Pohm-flmhv {_-am-sWp ]d-bp--h
Ahn-Zy-bn \n{Z-sIm-f-fp-p. Poh Aev]\pw
Aev]--\p-am-bn-cns {_w kh-hym]nbpw kh--\p-am-Wv. {_w \nXy ip_p--ap kz`m-hn-bm-sW-n Pohm-flmhv,
Nnetm ap\pw Nne-tm _\pw BIpp. kh-hym-]nbpw kh--\p-amb {_-
9 a\p, 6/75
97
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hm\-{]- - -k-\ym-k-hn[n
hn-p-Ibpw sNpw. Fm Hcn-Sp
Xma-kn-p-Xp sImv hnhn[ D]-Im-c-
Dm-Ip-sa-n As\ sN-Ww. P\-I-a-lmcm-Pm-hnsbSpv ]-in-J-chpw ap kw\ymkn-amcpw Bn \mep amkw hoXw hfsc-mew hkn-n-cp-p. ""GI-cm{Xow htkXv
{Kmta''10 FXv Cm-es I]-S-kw-\ym-knam-cpsS krjvSn-bm-Wv. Aq- Hcn-Sv A[nI-Imew Xma-kn-p ]w Ah-cpsS s]mcw shfn-hm-Ipw. Ah-[nIw hf-cp-hm
Akm-y-am-Ipw.
tNm: ""bXo\mw Im\w ZZym-mw-_qew
{_-NmcnWmw. Nucm-W-ma-`bw ZZym- -\tcm- \ - c Iw {htP- X v '' 11 kw\ym- k n- a mv
kzWw Zm\w sNp--h \cIw {]m]n-psa-t CXn-\w?
D: hWm-{ia-hn-tcm-[n-I-fmb k{-Zm-bnIfpw kzm-S- e
- p-If
- mb ]ucm-Wn-Icpw IqSn
FgpXn hn-Xm-Wn-Xv. kw\ym-kn-amv ]Ww
Inn-bm Xsf FXnp-hm Ah inam-m-cm-Ip-sapw Ah Xsf \in-n-psa-pw, kw\ym-kn-am X-[o-\-cm-bn-cn-bmWv \-sXpw Ah Icp-Xp-p. `nmZn- I - s fmw X- f psS A[o- \ - n- e m- b m
kw\ym-kn-am `b-s-Spw. aqVpw kzmnIpw Zm\w sNp-Xp \-Xm-sW-n ]Tnp ]tcm-]-Im-cn-I-fmb kw\ym-kn-amv
Zm\w \Ip--Xn Hcp tZmj-hp-an-. hnhn[m-\nN cXv\m\n hnhn-t-jq-]]
- m-Zt- b-Xv. 12
FmWp a\p- h - N - \ w, hnhn- [ - c - X v \ - fpw
kzWhpw [\hpw hnh--mv kw-\ymkn-amv sImSp-Ww Fw. IqSmsX
\n ]d- Xv A- a n- m- - X mWp
Xm\pw. kw\ym-kn-amp kzWw sImSp-p
ZmXmhv \c-I-n t]mIp-sa-n shn,
apv, h{Pw apX-em-bh sImSp-p--h kzKn t]mIptam?
tNm: apt sNmnb tmI-n ]niIp
98
Amw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
kn--cp-Xv. C{n-b--f-S-p-hm ka
Fp-sImp kw\y-kn-p-IqSm? hnj-bm-k
- nbpsS tZmj- fpw hocy- k w- c - - W - ns
KpWhpw Adn-bp--h Hcn-epw hnj-bm-k-m-cm-hp-I-bn-. Ah-cpsS hocyw AhcpsS
hnNm- c - a m- I p Anv C- \ - a m- I p- p.
AXn hn\n- t bm- K n- p- p. sshZy- s bpw
Huj-[--fp-sSbpw Bhiyw tcmKn-Ip-{X, tcmK-an-m--hn-. AXp-t]mse hnZy,
[aw Fn-h-bpsS ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw temtIm-]Im-ch
- p-amWv X-fpsS Pohn-Xe
-
- y-sap IcpXp--h-cmcpw hnhmlw sN-cp-Xv. ]-in-J
apX- e mb ]pcp- j - mcpw KmKn XpS- nb
kv{XoIfpw A-s\-bm-bn-cp-p. kw\ym-kn\v A[n-Im-cn-I-f-msX A\-[n-Im-cn-I
k\y- k n- p- - X p- N n- X - a - . A\- [ n- I m- c n- I
kzbw A[x-]-Xn-pw. A\y-tcbpw A[x-]-Xnn-pw. N{I-hnsb k{amv (km-a--cpsS
cmPm-hv) Fp ]d-bp-X
- p-t]mse k\ym-knsb
]cn-{hmSv Fp ]dbp-p. Fm cmPmhv
Xs \mnepw \mmpw am{X-amWv BZ-cW
- ob. kw\ym-kn-sbbm-Is kh{X ]qPn-p-p.
hnZzw N \r]Xzw N ss\h Xpeyw IZmN\. kztZti ]qPytX cmPm hnZzm kcvh{X
]qPy-tX. 13
NmW-Iy-\o-Xn-im-kv{X-nse tmI-am-Wn-Xv.
hnZzm cmPmhv Fn-h Hcn-epw Xpey-c-.
ImcWw cmPm-hns\ Xs cmPyp am{Xw BZcn-p-Ibpw kXv-cn-p-Ibpw sNp-tm
hnZzm kh{X _lp-am-\m-Z-c-p ]m{Xam-Ip-p.
AXn-\m hnZym-`ym-kw, kpin-n-XXzw
_ew Fnh km-Zn-p--Xn\v {_-N-cyhpw, \Xpw t{ijvT-hp-am-b-sXmw km[n-phm Krl-m-{i-ah
- pw, a\-\w, [ym\w hnm\m-`n-hrn Fn-hbvpw, X]-k-\p-jvTn-m-\pambn hm\-{]-m-{i-ah
- pw, thZm-Zn-kX
- y-im-kv{X-fpsS {]Nm-cw, ZpjvS-Ir-Xy- XyPnv
[man-I-hr-n-I kzoI-cn-p-I, ktXym-]-tZi-n Fm-hcpsSbpw kwi-b-\n-hrn hcppI Fn-hb
- vmbn kw\ym-km-{i-ahpw hn[nn-cn-p-p. Fm kw\ym-km-{i-a-ns
13 NmW-Iy-i-XIw 3
99
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
hm\-{]- - -k-\ym-k-hn[n
100
6
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Imiw
cmP-[aw
AY cmP-[cvaw {]hymax
C\n cmP-[aw hymJym-\n-p-p.
1. cmP-[cvam\v{]h-yman bYmhrtm `thr]x. kw`-h-- bYm Xky- knn ]cam
bYm..
2. {_mw {]m]vtX\ kwkvImcw {XntbW bYm-hn[n. kcvh-kymky bYm-\ymbav
Icvhyw ]cn-c
- W
- av..(a-\pkvarXn 7. 1,2) 1
\mep-hW-, \mev B{i-a- Fnh-bpsS BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\--sf-n ]d--Xn\p-tijw a\p Ejn-am-tcmSv cmP-[a--tf-hsbpw cmPmhv F{]-Im-c-am-bn-cn--W-sapw
]d-bp-p. A-s\-sbmcp cmPmhv 2 F-s\bp- m- I pw. ]c- a - k nn Fs\ `hnpw
Fsmw kh-hn-t[-\bpw ]d-bp-p.(1)
]c-a-hn-Zzm {_m-W-\m-Ip--Xp-t]m-se,
hnZzm\pw kpin-n-X-\p-amb {Xn-b cmPyc--sb Ihyw \ymbm-\p-krXw bYmhn[n sNt--Xm-Wv. AXns coXn C{]-Imc-am-Wv.
(aqp k`-I)
{XoWn cmPm\m hnZtY ]pcqWn ]cn
hnizm-\n- `q-jYx kZmwkn. (E. 3. 38. 6)
Cuiz- c D]- t Z- i n- pp: (cm- P m- \ m)
cmPmhpw {]P-Ifpw tNv (hn-Z-tY) kpJ {]m-]vXnbpw hnm-\h
- r-n-bp-m-Ip-X
- p-amb
1 a\p-kvarXn 7.1.2.
2 `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-sb-w.
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[aw
3 AYcvhw 6.10.98.1
102
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
anv kh{X A`n-hrn t\Sp-I. \b-kw-_-amb \nb-a- aqp-k-`-I-fp-sSbpw k-Xtm-Sp-IqSn Ghpw \mbn \nan-p-Ibpw
P\- - s fmw B \nb- a - A\p- k - c np
{]hn-p-Ibpw thWw. s]mXp-\--bvp-XIp Imcy- sNm Ghcpw k-Xn-Ww. kh- l n- X - I - c amb Imcy- - f n
XImcyw t\m-cp-Xv. [a-bp--amb kzw
Imcy--fn am{Xta kzmX{yw ]mSp-q.
k-`m-]-Xn-bpsS KpW-
cmP-k-`-bpsS A[n-]-Xn-p-m-tI KpW Fs-m-sap ]d-bpp:
1. C{m-\n-eb
- a
- mcvIm-Wm-at- hcp-Wky
N. N{-hn-t-itbmssh am{Xm \ncvlrXy- im-izXox..
2. X]-Xym-Zn-Xy-hs
- sj Nqwjn N a\mwkn N. \ ssN\w `qhn iIvt\mXn In-Z-]y`n-ho-n-Xpav..
3. tkmfn`- h Xn hmbp tkmfcv I
tkmax k [a-cmSv. k Ipt_cx k hcpWx
k atl{x {]`m-hXx.. (a-\p. 74, 6, 7)
1. k`m-]-Xn-bmb cmPmhv C{-s\-tm-se-an-t]m-se AXn-th-K
- n sFiz-cy-sf
Df-hm-p--h\pw Fm-hpw hmbp-hn-s\tmse {]mW-{]n-b\pw Fm-h-cp-sSbpw at\mK-X--f-dn-bp--h-\pw \ymbm-[n-]-Xn-bmb bas\-tmse ]-]m-X-sat\y s]cp-am-dp--h-\pw
kqcy-s\-tmse \ymbw hnZy [w Fnhsb {]Im-in-nv Ahn-Zy A\ym-bmZn AIm- c - AI- p- - h - \ pw Ansbtmse
Zpjv S - msc `kv a - a m- p- - h - \ pw hcp- W t\tmse ZpjvS-msc At\-I-hn-[-n _np--h\pw N{-s\-tmse k\-v
B\- w Df- h m- p- - h - \ pw ssh{i- h - W - s \tmse JP-\mhv \nd-bvp--h\pw Bbn-cn-Ww.
2. kqcy-Xp-ey-{]-Xm-]nbpw Fm-h-cp-sSbpw
_ln-c--cw-K-sf kzw tXP-p-sImv X]n-n-p--h\pw an-ep a\p-jy-cn-empw
{Iqc-ZrjvSn ]Xn-n-m--h\pw...
3. kz{]-`m-h-m An, hmbp, kqcy,
N{ Fn-h-sc-tmse hnf-p--h\pw [anjvT\pw k-ns\ hn-n-p-h
- \
- pw ZpjvSmsc _n-p--h\pw hf-sc- sF-iz-cy-ap-h- \ p- a mb Bfn- \ mWv k`- b psS Ay- -
\mbncnm tbmKy-X-bp--Xv.
b-YmY `c-Wm-[n-] Bcv?
1. k cmPm ]pcptjm ZWvUx k t\Xm
imknXm N kx. NXpcvWm-am-{i-amWmw N
[cvaky {]Xn`qx kvarXx..
2. ZWvUx imkvXn {]Pmx kcvhm ZWvU
Ghm-`n-c-Xn. ZWvUx kp]vtXjp PmKcvXn
ZWvUw [cvaw hnZpcv_p[mx..
3. kao-y k [rXx kayIvkcvhm cRvPbXn {]Pmx. Ak-aoy {]Wo-XkvXp hn\mi-bXn kcvhXx..
4. Zptjybpx kcvhhcvWm `ntZy-c\v
kcvhtk-Xhx. kcvh-tem-I-{]-tIm-] `th
WvUky hn{`-amXv..
5. b{X iymtam temln-Xmtm ZWvU-cXn ]m]lm. {]Pm-kvX{X \ ap-lyn
t\Xm tNm[p ]iy-Xn..
6. Xkymlpx kw{]-tW-Xmcw cmPm\av
kXyhm-Zn-\av. kaoyImcWw {]mav
[cva-Im-amcvY-tIm-hn-Zav..
7. Xw cmPm {]W-b\vk-ayIv {XnhcvtK
Wm`n-hcv[tX. Imamflm hnjax pt{Zm
ZWvtU-ss\h \nl-\ytX..
8. ZWvtUm ln kpa-l-ttPm Zpcv[cm
IrXm-fl`nx. [cvam-Zzn-N-enXw ln \r]-tah
k_m--hav..
9. tkmfklm-tb\ aqtV\ ep_vt[\m
IrX-_p-n\m. \ itIym \ymbtXm t\Xpw
kt\ hnj-tb-jp N..
10. ipNn\m kXy-kvt-\ b-Ym-im-kv{Xm\p
kmcnWm. {]mtWXpw iIytX ZWvUx kpklm-tb\ [oaXm.. (a-\p. 7.17-19, 24-28, 30, 31.)
1. ]
- p-cp-jk
- z-cq-]n-bm-bn-p ZWvUw 4 XsbmWv cmPmhv \ymbw \S-p-Xpw Fm-htcbpw imkn-p--Xpw \mep h--fp-tSbpw
\mem- { i- a - - f ps- S bpw [a- c - Ww sNpXpw AhX-s-bm-Wv.
2. B ZWvUw Xs-bmWp {]P-Isf imknp-Xpw cn-p-Xpw; {]P-I Dd-ptmgpw DWn- c n- p- Xpw B ZWv U w
4 ZWvUw F hmn\v ZWvUn-n- F ChnSps AYw. `c-W-L-S-\-bnse \nb-a--fpsS ]cn]m-e-\hpw Ah ewLn-p--hp inbpw IqSnt-cp--sXtm AXt{X ZWvUw.
103
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[aw
104
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
105
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[aw
fm-Ip-p.
6. t{Im[w-sImv Gj-Wn-Iq-p-I, hnth-I-anm-sXbpw _emm-c-ambpw ]c-kv{Xo-I-tfmSv
kwK-an-p-I, tZzjw ]tcmXvjw Ip-IqSm-bva, Akq-b--Kp-W--fn tZmj-sbpw
tZmj--fn KpW-tbpw Btcm-]n-p-I
[a-hn-cp--fmb Zp-jv-{]-hr-nIfn [\mZn-I hrYm-hybw sNpI, ]cp-j-hm-p-I
]d-bp-I, sXp sNmsX ITn-\-ambn innp-Itbm iIm-cn-p-Itbm sNpI CuFp
tZmj- Dm-Ip-p.
7. Ima-P-fpw t{Im[-P--fp-amb C-d
Zqjy--fp-sS-sbmw aqe-Im-cWw tem`-am-sWt{X hnZz-P-\- ]d-bp--Xv. tem`w-sImmWv kI-e-tZm-j-fpw a\p-jy\v Dm-Ip-Xv. AXn-\m tem`w XyPn--Ww.
8. Iv apX-emb elcn ]ZmY--sf ioenp-I, NqXp-I-fn-p-I, Aan-X-ambn kv{XokwKw
sNp-I, \mbm-Sp-I, Fo \mep tZmj-
Ima-P-fmb Zqjy--fn hv Ghpw Nobm-bn-p--Xm-Wv.
9. A]-cm[w sNm-h
- sc inn-p-I, ]cpj- h mp ]d- b p- I , kv A\ym- b - a mbn
sNehp sNpI Fo aqp-tZm-j
- t{Im[P--fmb hyk-\--fn hv AXyw ZpxJ{]-Z--fm-Ip-p.
10. Ima-P-fpw t{Im[-P--fp-amb Zqjy-fn hv alm-tZm-j--fmbn KWn-p Gsg-n hrYm hyb-t-m ItTm-c-h-N\hpw ItTm- c- ` m- j - W - t - m A\ym- b ZWvUhpw A\ym-b-Z-WvU-t-m \mbmpw
\mbm- n- t \- m Aan- X - k v { Xo- k w- K hpw
kv { Xokw- K - t - m NqXp- I - f nbpw NqXpIfntbm aZym-Zn-tk-hbpw A[nIw tZmjI-chpw Kpcp-X-chpw BIp-p.
11. Zpxkz-`m-h--fn s]Sp--Xn-t\-m
t`Zw ac-W-amWv. Zpcm-Nmcn ZoL-Imew Pohnn-cp-m A[nIw ]m]w sNbvXv At[m-KXnsb Zpx-J-s {]m]n-pw. kZmNmcn acnmepw kpJs {]m]n-p-p. AXn-\m kIecpw hnti-jnv cmPmhv \mbm-v, aZy-]m\w apXemb Zpjv-Ia-fn Hcn-epw s]p-t]mImsX Ah-bn \nv AIp \nv [a-bp--fmb KpW-Iakz-`m-h--tfmSp IqSn
kXvIa- A\p-jvTn-p-sIm-n-cn--Ww.
a-{n-am-cpsS tbmKy-X
cmP-k-`-bn-ep kZ-ky-mcpw a{nbpw
F-s\-bp-h
- c
- mbn-cn-W
- s
- ap ]d-bpp:-
1. sauemRvOmkv{X-hnZx iqcmw_v[-em\vIptem-Zv`hm\v. kNn-hm\vk]vX Nmjv
sSu hm {]IpcvhoX ]co-n-Xm\v..
2. A]n- b-p-I-cw Icva XZ-t]y-tI\
ZpjvIcav. hnti-jtXmfklm-tb\ Inp
cmPyw atlm-Z-bav..
3. ssXx kmcv[w Nn-tb-nXyw kmam\yav
knhn{K-lav. m\w kapZbw Kp]vXnw
e_v[{]i-a-\m\n N.
4. tXjmw kzw kza-`n-{]mbap]-e`y ]rYIv
]rYIv. ka-kvXm-\mw N Imtcyjp hnZ-[ymn-X-am-fl\x..
5. A\ym-\]n {]IpcvhoX ipNo\v{]m\-hnXm\v. kay-KcvYkam-lcvXro -\-amXym\vkp]conXm\v..
6. \nhcvtX-Xmky bmh-Zv`n-cnXnIcvXh
- yXm
\r`nx. XmhtXmfX{n-Xmm\v{]IpcvhoX
hnNIvjWm\v..
7. tXjm-acvtY \nbp-RvPoX iqcmm\v
Iptem-ZvK-Xm\v. ipNo-\mI-c-Icvamt `ocq-\cv\nth-i-t\..
8. ZqXw ssNh {]IpcvhoX kcvh-imkv{X
hnim-c-Zav. CwKn-Xm-Im-c-tN-jvSw ipNnav
Zw Iptem-ZvKXav..
9. A\p-cx ipNocvZx kvar-Xn-amtiImehnXv. h]p-jvam\zoX-`oczmKvao ZqtXm
cmx {]i-kytX.. (a-\p. 7. 54-57; 60-64)
1. kzcm-Py-n-k
-- z-tZ-i-n P\n-n-p
thZmZn imkv{X-f
- d
- n-bp ]cm-{I-ai
- m-en-If
- pw
\njv^e
- a
- m-Im Nn-It- fm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bh
- cpw \
Ipe-n ]nd--h-cpw thpw hw ]co-n-s--hcpw kaYm-cp-amb Gtgm Ftm
D-a-cmb {]K-sc kNn-h-m-cm-bn- - a-{nam-cm-bn -- \n-b-an--Ww.
2. Fs-m, ]c-k-lm-b-sat\y thKw
sNm Ign-bp Imcyw t]mepw GIm-Inbmbn sNp-tm ZpjvIc-am-Ip-p. Atm
GIm-In-bmbn al-mb cmP-Imcyw \S-phm Fs\ km[npw? AXn-\m Hcm-fns\
cmPm-hmbn \nb-anv cmPy-`mcw apgp-h\pw Gev]np-Xv A\m-im-ky-am-Ip-p.
3. AX-n-\m k`m-]-Xn-bmb cmPmhv cmPy-
106
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
Im-cy-f
- n Ipi-e
- mcpw hnZzm-m-cp-amb a{nam- t cm- S p- I qSn (k- n) ssa{Xn (hn- { K- l w)
i{XpX (m-\w) ka-b-a-dnv kzcm-Pys
cnv DZm-ko-\-\mbn nXn-sN-p-I. (k-apZbw) kz-_ew hn-p-tm ZpjvS-i-{Xpsf B{I-an-pI, (Kp-]vXn) ssk\yw, JP\mhv apX-em-bh cn-pI, (e-_v[-{]-i-a-\w)
Iog-S-nb \mSp-I-fn kam-[m\w ]pepI
Fo Bdp hnj-b- \nXyhpw \nco-n-Ww.
4. kZ-ky-cn Hmtcm-cp--cp-sSbpw A`n-{]mb-fpw hnNm-c-fpw tNmZn--dnv `qcn-]-{]-Imcw kzhpw A\y-cp-sSbpw t{ib-n-\pX-Ip {]hr-n-I kpNn-n-X-ambn sNbvXpXp-S--Ww.
5. ]cn-ip-m-flm--fpw _pn-am-mcpw ncNn--m-cpw ]Zm kw{K-l-N-Xp-ccpw Bbhsc \-hw ]co-n-p-t\mn a{n-am-cmbn
\nb-an-t--Xm-Wv.
6. \mp-Im-cy-\-S-n-n-\m-h-iy-ap-{X Dml-io-ecpw _e-hm-mcpw hnZ-Kv-cp-amb A[nIm-cn-Isf tPmenp \nb-an-t-XmWv.
7. AhcpsS Iogn iqc-cpw _e-hm-m-cpw
Xd-hm-Sn-Ifpw ]cn-ip--cp-amb `rXy-msc \nbanv Kuc-h-ta-dnb Imcy-v \ntbm-Kn-Ww. `ocp--fm-b-hsc B-cnI {]hr-nItf
Gev]n-m-hq.
8. D-X-Ip-e-Pm-X-\pw kaY-\pw ]hn-{X-Ncn-X\pw A\y-lr-Z-b-hpw `m-hnbpw Idn-bphm Ign-hp--h-\pw kI-e-im-kv{X-\n-]p-W\pw
Imcy-\n-lW Ipi-e\pw Bb Bfns\ ZqX\mbn \nb-an--Ww.
9. cmPyIm-cy--fn AXyw Dmlw
{]oXn Fn-h-bp Im]-Sy-c-ln-X-\pw kaY\pw ]cn-ip lrZ-b\pw ]p \S-Xv ad-m-h-\pw tZi-Im-e--\p-k-cnp {]hnp--h\pw kp-c-\pw [oc-\pw henb hmnbp- a m- b n- p- - h - \ t{X cmP- Z q- X - \ m- I p- h m
tbmKy.
Bv F-[nImcw
sImSp--W-sap ]d-bpp:
1. AamtXy ZWvU Bbtm ZWvtU
ssh\-bnIo {Inbm. \r]Xu tImi-cm-jvt{S
N ZqtX kn hn]-cysbu..
2. ZqX Gh ln kw[t `n\-ty-h N
107
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[aw
fn-I D]-tcm-[n-p-Xpw (a-lo-ZpcvKw) apsImp sIn-btXm (A-_vZpcvKw) Nppw shap-tXm (hmcvw) Nppw ImSp-tXm (\rZpcvKw) \mep `mKpw ssk\yw Imh-eptXm (Kn-cn-ZpcvKw) \mep ]pdpw ae-I-fptXm Bb m\v tIm ]Wn- b nv
AXns ay-n \Kcw \nan--Ww.
5. \K-c-ns \mep-Nppw sIm-f-ap
aXn ]Wn-bn-W
- w. AXn \np-sImv Hcp
hnm-fn-ho-c\v \qdp i{Xp--sfbpw \qdp hnmfn-Iv ]Xn-\m-bncw i{Xp-sfbpw t\cn-Sm
Ign-bpw. AXn-\m tIm-sIm--f- AXymh-iy-am-Wv.
6. B tIm, ikv{Xm-kv{X-, [\-[m-\y, hml-\-, ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw D]-tZ-inp-Ibpw sNp {_m-W, sXmgn-em-fn-I,
\m\m-Xcw b{-, Ip-Im-en-Ip Xnphm-\p ]pv, shw apX-em-b-h-bm kar-am-bn-cn--Ww.
7. B tIm-bpsS \Sp-hn cmPm-hn\p thn
shw, hr-, ]pjv]
- , Fn-ht- bmSp
IqSn-bXpw khYm kpc-n-Xhpw Fm EXp-fnepw kpJ-{]-Zhpw shfp \nd-n-ep-Xp-amb sImmcw ]Wn-bn--Ww. Cu sImmcw
\mp-Im-cy- apgp-h \S-p-hm ]cym-]vXam-bn-cn--Ww.
8. {_-N-cy-{h-X-tm-Sp-IqSn hnZy-I-sfmw
A`y-knv hnhmlw hcp-Xp hsc cmPy-Imcy \S--Ww. AXn-\p-tijw kp-cn-bpw
klr-Z-b-bpw D-Xhpw D-a-hp-amb {Xnb-Ip-eP
- m-Xb
- pw ip`-e
- W
- b
- p-b
- pw A`y-kvXhn-Zy-bpw KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h--fn X\n--\p-cq]- b p- a mb I\y- I sb thWw. asm
kv{XoI-sfbpw AK-ay-I-fmbn KWnv ZrjvSn
]Xn-n-p-I-t]mepw sNm-Xn-cn--Ww.
9. cmP-sIm-m-c-n sNt--Xmb Antlm-{Xw, ]tjvSn apX-emb Ia- sNp-Xn\v ]ptcm-ln-X-m-scbpw EXzn-p-I-sfbpw
\ntbm-Kn--Ww. cmPmhv Ftmgpw cmPy-Im-cyn am{Xw _-{i--\m-bn-cn--Ww. kZm
cm-Py-Im-cy- t\mn Du\w hcmsX \S-pXp Xs-bmWv cmPm-hns ktym-]m-k\mZn Ia-.
1. kmwh--cn-I-am-]v-ssX cmjv{SmZmlmc-tb-Zv_-en-av. kymm-av\m-b-]tcm temtIm
hcvtXX ]nXr-h-r-jq..
2. A[y-m\znhn-[m\vIpcym{X X{X
hn]-nXx. tXfky kcvhmWytht-cr
Wmw ImcymWn Ipcvh-Xmav..
3.Bhr- m\mw Kpcp- I p- e m- Z zn- { ]mWmav
]qPtIm `thXv. \r]m-Wm-a-tbm tlyj
\n[ncv{_mtmf`n[o-btX..
4. ktam- - a m- [ ssa cmPm XzmlqXx
]meb\v{]Pmx. \ \nhcvtXX kw{Km-amXvm
{Xw [cva-a-\p-kva-c\v..
5. Bl-thjp antYmft\ym\yw PnLmwk
tm alonXx. bp[y-am-\mx ]cw iym
kzcvKw bmy-]-cm-MvapJmx..
6. \ N- l-\ym-vY-em-cqVw \ o_w \
Ir-Xm-RvP-enav. \ ap--tIiw \mko\w \Xhm-kvaoXn hmZn-\av..
7. \ kp]vXw \ hn-k-mlw \ \w \ \ncm-bp-[-av. \mbp[y-am\w ]iyw \ ]tcW
kam-K-Xav..
8. \mbp-[-hy-k\{]m]vXw \mcvXw \mXn-]cn--Xav. \ `oXw \ ]-cm-hrw kXmw [cvaa-\p-kva-c\v..
9. bkvXp- `oXx ]cm-hrx kw{Kmta l\ytX- ]sscx. `cvXp-cy-Zv Zp-jvIrXw Inn-Xv
kcvhw {]Xn-]-ZytX..
10. bmky -kp-IrXw Inn-Z-aq-{XmcvYap
]mcvPn-X-av. `cvXm -X-cvh-am-Zt ]cm-hr-l-Xky Xp..
11. cYmizw lkvXn\w O{Xw [\-w [m\yw
]-iq\vkv{Xnbx. kcvh{Z-hym-Wn- Ip]yw 6 N
tbm b-bXn Xky- XXv.
12. cm ZZyp-cp-m-c-an-tXyjm sshZnIo- {ipXnx. cmm N kcvh-tbmt[t`ym ZmXhya-]r-Y-KvPn-Xav..
(a\p. 7.80-82, 87, 89,91-97)
1. hmjn-I-\n-IpXn B]vX-]p-cp-j-m-cpsS
klm-b-tm-Sp-IqSn ]ncn-s-Sp-t--Xm-Wv.
k`-bpsS A[n-]-Xn-bmb cmPmhpw {][m-\-mcmb cmP-]p-cp-j-mcpw AS-nb k` thZ-hn[n-{]-Imcw P\--tfm-Sv ]nXr-Xpeyw s]cp-am-dWw.
6 kv{XoI hn[-h-I-tfm ]p{X-\-jvS-tam ]nXr-\-jvStam
hp AK-Xn-Itfm Bbm AhcpsS kwc--W-p-aXe Pbn- p- - b m- f n- \ m- W v . hnj- b m- k - n- t bmsS
Ahsc ImW-cp-sXv t\cs ]d-p.
108
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
8. Bbp-[{- ]-lc
- t- ap ]pf-bp-h
- t- \-bpw ZpxJnX-t\-bpw h]-cnt--h-t\-bpw kw`o-X-t\-bpw
t]Sn- t m- S p- - h - t \bpw k- \ - - f psS
[atamv Hcn-epw sIm-cp-Xv. A-s\bp--hsc ]nSn-v, ]cn-n-m--hsc XS-hnemn Ahp `Ww hkv{X- apX-embXp sImSp--Ww. apdn-hp--hsc NnIn-n-Ww. Ahsc tIm]n-n-p-Itbm ZpxJn-n-pItbm Acp-Xv. bYm-tbm-Ky-amb {]hr-n-I
Ah-sc-smp sNn--Ww. kv{XoI, IpnI, hr-m, BXp-c-m, ZpxJn-X-m Fnh-cpsS t\sc Hcn-epw Bbp[w {]tbm-Kn-cp-Xv. Ah-cpsS asf kzk-m-\--sf-sb-t]mse cn--Ww. AXp-t]mse kv{XoIsfbpw cn--Ww. Ahsc ktlm-Z-cn-amsc
t]msebpw ]p{Xn-am-sc-tm-sebpw hnNm-cn-Ww. hnj-bm-k-n-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ahsc t\mpI-t]mepw sN-cp-Xv. cmPy-n kam-[m\w Dd-Xn\p tijw ]noSv FXnp-sav kwib-an-m--hsc km-c-]qw hn-b-bv
Ww. ]noSv FXnp-sap kwi-b-ap--hsc
Fpw Imcm-Kr-l-n Xs ]mn--Ww.
9. t]mcn \np ]nn-cn-bp-Itbm t]Sntm-Sp-Itbm sNp `rXys\ i{Xp- h[nm Ah sNbvX ZpjvIr-Xy-n\v ac-W-tijhpw inml Xs.
10. Ah Cl- t em- I - nepw ]c- t em- I nepw kpJ-ap-f-hm-p kpIrXw hXpw
sNbvXn-p-s-n AXns\ Ahs bPam-\
Cmbva sNp-p. `b-stmSth h[n--sSp--h\p bmsXmcp kpJhpw Dm-Ip-n-.
Ahs ]pWy-^ew apgp-h\pw \in-p-t]m-Ipp. Ahs kpIr-X^
- e
- a
- m-Is [am-\p-krXw
bpw sNp--h\p Inp-p.
11. tXcv, IpXn-c, B\, IpS, s\v, ]Ww,
Ip-Im-en-I, kv{XoI, 7 ap hkvXp-sfmw s\v, F, apX-emb Ip]y-
Fo ]Zm- - f n hv GtX- s Xmw
GtXXp ]S-bm-fnbpw ]S-\m-b-I\pw Iogvs]-Spntbm AsXmw Ahchv Ah-Im-i-s-Xm-Wv. C-d \nb-as Bcpw Hcn-epw
ewLn--cp-Xv.
12. ssk\y-n-ep `S-m Hmtcm-cp-cpw
7 Cu mI-ns AYw cm-a-Xmbn Fgp-Xn-bn-p-v.
tmIw ]In Fgp-Xnb B hn-Xm-hmw.
109
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[aw
A[o- \ am- nb ]Zm- - f psS ]Xn- \ m- d nsemcp `mKw cmPm- h n\pw Fm- h cpw IqSntp ]nSn--S-n-bn-p [\-ns ]Xn\m- d n- s emcwiw cmPmhv Xs `S- mpw
sImSp--Ww. bp-n acn-p-t]mb `Ss
]v Ahs `mcybvtm atm sImSp-Ww. acn--hs `mcy-tbbpw {]m]vXn-bmIm km\--sfbpw cn-p-Ibpw a
Imcy-{]m-]vXn-t\-Sp-tm tbmKy-Xm-\p-k-cWw
tPmen sImSp-p-Ibpw thWw. cmPy-ns
A`n-hr-n, kpJ-k-ar-n, hnP-bw, nc-{]XnjvT Fn-h-sbmw B{K-ln-p-h Cu
\nb-as Hcn-epw ewLn--cp-Xv.
1. A-e_v[w ssNh en]vtkX e_v[w
ctXv {]b-Xv\Xx. cnXw hcv[tb-ssh
hrw ]mt{Xjp \nxn-t]Xv..
(G-X
- X
- pcvhn[w hnZymXv]pcp-jmY-{]-tbmP-\av. Aky- \n-Xy-a-\p-jvTm\w kayIvIpcymZ-X-{n-Xx..) *7)
2. Ae-_v[-an-t--WvtU\ e_v[w ctZthbm. cnXw hcv[t- bZv hrym hrav
Zmt\\ \nxn-t]Xv..
3. Aam-b-ssbh hcvtXX \ IY-w-N\
ambbm. _pty-Xmcn{]bpmw N ambmav\nXyw kzkw-hrXx..
4. \mky- On{Zw ]tcm hnZymZznZymn{Zw ]c-kyXp Xp. KqtlXvIqcva Chm-MvKm\n ctZzn-hcamfl\x..
5. _I-h
- n-t- b-ZcvYm\vknwl-h ]cm-{ItaXv. hrI-h-m-h-ep-tX ii-h hn\n-jv]tX-Xv..
6. Ghw hnP-b-am-\ky tbfky kypx ]cn]-n\x. Xm\m-\t- b-Zziw kcvm\vkmam-Zn-`ncp]-{Issax..
(bZn tX Xp \ Xnjv t T- b p- c p- ] mssbx
{]Yssakv{Xn`nx. ZWvtUss\h {]kssly
XmwivO\ssIcvh-i-am-\-tbXv..) 8
*7 -6-mw ivtfmI-n-\p-ti-jhpw CXp-t]mse hn-Xmhmw
8 t]Pv 236- 11-mw tmI-ns AY-n I]yw Fp
ImWp-Xv hymJm-\n-n-n-. kzw shn CXc
teml- apX-em-b-h-sbmw I]y--fm-Wv. IuSneys AY-im-kv{X-n Htsd hkvXp- I]yn Fn-bn-p-v. (2.17) ae-bm-f-nse "Ipn'
t]mse hSs Cy-bnse ]e kwkm-c-`m-j-Ifnepw
"Ipm' FXv s\pw Fbpw kw`-cn-p-h
- n-cn-p
]m{X-am-Wv. {K-Im-c "Ipm' I]y-ns A]-{`w-iam-sWp Icp-Xn-bX
- m-hmw.
110
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
111
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[aw
h Agn-aXn XpS-p-I-bn-. Fm \oXn\ymbw \S-p B cmP-`r-Xy--m-cpsS taPo-hn-X-n\pw [\-k-m-Z-\-n\pw Bh-iy-amb{X [\tam `qkztm cmPy-n \np
amk-i
- f
- t- am hmjn-Im-i\
- a
- mtbm As-n
Hm- b np Xstbm sImSp- t - - X m- W v .
hm-Iy-n Ah-cpsS thX-\
- n ]IpXn
hoXw sImSp- - W w. Fm Ahp
\evIp ASp-q Pohn-n-cn-p-t-Stmfa-msX ac-W-tijw XpS-c-cp-Xv. Fm, AhcpsS km-\
- v tbmKy-Xm-\p-kc
- Ww BZchpw DtZym-Khpw \Ip-Xv Bhiyw Xsbm-Wv. {]m]vXn-bm-Im Ipn-I-fp-s-n
Ahpw `mcy Pohn-n-cn-p-s-n Ah
pw Ah- - b v s m- - h w \nXy- h rn
\nh-ln-p--Xn-\p [\w `WvUm-c-n
\np Xs \I-Ww. Fm Ah ZpcmNm-cn-I-fm-sW-n Hpw sImSp--cp-Xv. Cu
\bs cmPmhv icn-bmbn cn-t--Xm-Wv.
Icw ]ncn-hv
1. bYm ^te\ bqtPyX cmPm Icvm N
Icva-Wm-av. XYmfthy \rt]m cmjv{Sw
Iev]tb--XXw Icm\v..
2. bYmev]m f ev]a-Zym ff Zyw hmtcymtIm-hjSv]Zmx. XYm- f ev]m f evt]m {KloX-thym cmjv{Sm-{Zmm_vZnIx Icx..
3. t\mn-Zym-Zm-flt\m aqew ]tcjmw NmXnXr-jvWb
- m. Dn-lym-flt\m aqe-am-flm\w
Xmw ]oU-tbXv..
4. XovW-ssh arZp kymXvImcyw
hoy alo- ] Xnx. Xov W ssh arZpssh cmPm `hXn kwaXx.
5. Ghw kcvhw hn[m-tbZ-anXnIcvhy
amfl\x. bp-ss-hm-{]-a- ]cn-c-tZnamx {]Pmx..
6. hnt{Im-itym bky cmjv{SmZv{[nbt
Zkyp`nx {]Pmx. kw]-iyXx k`rXyky arXx
k \ Xp PohXn..
7. {Xn-bky ]tcm [cvax {]Pm-\m-tah
]me-\-av. \ncvZn-jvS-^-e-t`mm ln cmPm
[cvtaW bqPytX..
(a-\pkvarXn. 7.128,129,139,140,142-144)
1. cmPm-hv, cmP-`r-Xy-m, {]P-I, sXmgnem-fn-I Fn-hsmw kpJ-ap-m-I--hw cmPmhpw cmP-k-`bpw IqSn Btem-Nnp
112
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
113
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[aw
ssZz[w jmUvKpWyKpW-th-Zn`nx
8. AY-k-m-Z-\mYw N ]oUy-am\x k
i{Xp`nx. km[pjp hy]-tZ-imcvYw Zznhn[x
kw{i-bx-ka
- rXx. bZm-hK
- t- -Zm-bX
- ym-am-[nIyw
{[ph-am-fl\x XZmtXz Nmev]nImw ]oUmw
XZm-knw kam-{i-tbXv.
10. bZm {]lrm at\yX kcvhmkvXp
{]Ir-Xo`r-iav AXyp-{nXw XYm-flm-\w-XZm
IpcvhoX hn{K-lav.
11. bZm at\yX `mth\ lrjvSw ]rjvSw
_ew kzIav. ]cky hn]-coXw N XZm bmbm{Zn]pw {]Xn.
12. bZm Xp kymXv]-cn-otWm hml-t\\
_te\ N XZm-koX {]b-Xvt\\ i\ssIx
kmwXz-b--co.
13. at\y-Xmcnw bZm cmPm kcvh-Ym-_-e-hcw XZm Zzn[m _ew IrXzm km[-tb-XvImcy-am-fl\x.
14. bZm ]c-_-em\mw Xp Ka-\o-b-Xtam
`thXv XZm Xp kw{i-tbXv n{]w [mcvanIw
_en\w \r]av.
15. \n{Klw {]Ir-Xo-\mwN IpcymtZmfcn_eky N D]- t k- h X Xw \nXyw kh- b Xvss\cvKpcpw bYm.
16. bZn X{Xm]n kw]-tiy-tmjw kw{i-bIm-cn-Xav. kpbp--tah X{Xm]n \ncvhn-iwIx.
kam-N-tc-Xv.
1. (B-k\
- w) ncX (bm-\w) i{Xp-t- fmSp
bpw sNbvhm t]mhpI (k-nx) Ah-tcmSv
kn sNpI (hn-{K-lx) ZpjvS-i-{Xp--tfmSp
bpw sNpI (ssZz-[w) ssk\ys cmbn
hn`-Pnv hnPbw t\SpI (kw-{i-bw) _e-lm\n
hcp-tm {]_-e-\mb thsdmcp cmPm-hns\
B{i-bn-pI Fn-s\ Bdp hn[-n-ep
I--tfbpw bYm-tbmKyw Imcy-hn-Nmcw
sNbvXv bp-am-bXp kzoI-cn--Ww.
2. kn, hn{K- l w, bm\w, Bk- \ w,
ssZz[o-`mhw kw{ibw Fnh Cucp Xcn-ep-v. Ah-tb-sXv cmPmhp \mbn Adnb-Ww.
3. kn: i{Xp--tfmSp IqSn kvt\l-ambn-cn-p-I, AYhm XZzn-]-co-X-ambn {]hnp-I, h-am-\-Im-e-nepw `mhn-Im-epw
sNt-Xp \nhnLv\w sNbvXp-sIm-n-cn-Ww. CXmWv cp-Xcw kn-I.
114
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
bp--n-s\m-cp-w
1. IrXzm-hn-[m\w aqte Xp bm{XnIw N
bYm-hn[n. D]-Kr-lym-kv]Zw ssNh Nmcm
kay-Kzn-[mb N.
2. kwtim[y {Xnhn[w amcvKw jSvhn[w N
_ew kzI-av. kmw]-cm-bn-I-I-evt]\ bmbm-Zcn-]pcw iss\x.
3. i{Xp-tk-hn\n ant{XN KqtV bpIX
Xtcm-`-thXv KX-{]-Xym-KtX ssNh kln-IjvS-X-tcm-cn]px.
(hn-hn[ hyql-)
4. ZWvU-hyq-tl\ Xamcvw bmbmp
iI-tS\ hm. hcm-l-a-I-cm`ymw hm kqNym
hm Kcp-tU\ hm.
5.bX `b-am-iw-tI-tXm hnkvXmc
tbXv _e-av. ]tfl\ ssNh hyqtl\ \nhni-tb-XkZm kzb-av.
6. tk\m-]Xn _em-yIvtj, kcvh Znp
\nth-i-tb-Xv, bX `b-am-i-tXv {]mNow
Xmw Iev]-tb-o-i-av.
7. Kpevamw m]-tb-Zm-]vXm IrX
kwm ka-Xx mt\ bpt N Ipiem-\-`ocq-\hn-Im-cn-Wx.
8. kwl- Xm tbm[- t b- Z - e v ] m Imaw
hnkv X mc tbZv _lq kqNym ht{PW
ssNssh Xm hyqtl\ hqly tbm[-tbXv
9. ky-\mssizx kta bpty Z\qt]
s\uZzn- s s]- k v X Ym hr- K p- e v a m- h rtX
Nmss]-c-kn-Ncvam-bpss[x te.
10. {]lj- t b- Z v _ ew hyql Xmw
kayIv ]co--tbZv. tNjvSm-ssh hnPm\o-bm-Z-co tbm[-b-Xm-a]n.
11. D]-cp[ym-cn-am-koX cmjv{Sw Nmtkym]
]oU-tbXv Zqjtbmky kXXw bh-kmtm-Z-tI--\av.
12. `nZym-ssh XUm-Km\n {]mIm-c-]cn
JmkvXYm. ka-h-kvI--tb-ss\w cm{Xu
hn{Xm-k-tb-Ym.
(]-cm-Pn-X-t\m-Sp s]cp-am-w)
13. {]am-Wm\n N IphoX tXjmw [cvam
\ytYm-Zn-Xm. cXvss\ ]qP-tb-tZ\w {][m\-]p-cpssjx kl.
14. BZm-\a
- {- ]n-bI
- cw Zm\ {]nb-Im-cI
- av
115
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[aw
116
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
sN-Ww.
9. ka-`q-an-bn tX IpXnc ImemS Fnh-sImpw kap-{Z-n-em-sW-n I-en Ibdnbpw Bgw IpdnSv B\-p-d-p-I-b-dnbpw, ac-fpw s]m-I-fp-ap ev ApsIm-pw, ]qgn--c-n hm ]cnN Fn-hsImpw bpw sNp-Ibpw sNn-p-Ibpw
thWw.
10. bpw \S- p- t m tbmmsf
t{]mm-ln-n-p-Ibpw ktm-jn-n-p-Ibpw
sN-Ww. bpw \nn-sh-n-p Ah-k-c-fn iucyhpw Dm-lhpw Dm-I---h-ap {]kw-K--sf-sm-v kI-e-ssk-\nI-scbpw Bm-Zn-n--Ww. A-]m-\yZym-lmc- Akv{X-i-kv{Xm-Zym-bp-[- Huj-[ apX- e m- b - h - s Im- S pv Ah- s c- s bmw
ktm-jn-n--Ww. hyqlw \nn-msX Hcnepw bpw sNp-Itbm sNn-ptbm AcpXv. bpw \S-p-tm `S-m-cpsS \o-
{in-p-Ibpw \mbn ]b-p-ptm Fpw
XSn-X-m {ian-p-ptm Fpw \nco-n-Ww.
11. DNn-Xa
- m-sWp tXmp-p-s-n Nne
ka-bp i{Xp-sf \mep `mKpw hf-p\nv B{I-an--Ww. i{Xp-hns cmPy-n-ep-hsc amK-\n-tcm[w sNbvXp _pn-ap-pIbpw Ah-cpsS A[o-\-n-ep `-W-]Zm-, shw, hnd-Iv, Ip-Im-en- XoI, Fn-h-sbmw \in-n-p-Ibpw Zpjn-np-Ibpw sNWw.
12. i{Xp-\-K-c-n-ep Ipf-, tIm-a-Xnep-I, InS-p-I Fn-h-sbmw \in-n-pI-fbWw. cm{Xn-k-a-bv i{Xp-hns\ `b-s-Spp- I bpw Pbw t\Sp- h m- \ p D]m- b -
t\mp-Ibpw sN-Ww.
13. Pbnp Iog-S-nb tijw i{Xp--sfsmp DS--Sn-Ifpw {]Xn--Ifpw Fgp-Xnp-hm--Ww. DNn-X-sa-n i{Xp-hns hwiP\pw [man-I\
- p-amb Hcp-hs\ cmPm-hmbn \nban-v, ""Fs B-b-\p-k-cnpw [am-\p-krX-amb cmP-\o-Xn-b-\p-k-cn-pw \oXn-tbm-Sp-IqSn
{]Pm- ] - c n- ] m- e \w \S- t - - X m- W v . '' Fns\ DS-Sn sN-Ww. C{]-Imcw DS-Sn
sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw X\n-s-Xnsc Xncn-bm-hw kzw Bfp-Isf AhnsS \n-Ww.
tXm cmPm-hn-s\bpw {][m-\-tk-h-I-scbpw
cXv\m-Zn-If
- mb hne-tb-dnb hkvXp-sImp
k-cn-W
- w. Poh-k
- m-cW
-
- n\p app-mIpw-hw Hpw sN-cp-Xv. Imcm-Kr-l-n
_n-mepw Ahsc bYm-tbmKyw _lp-am\n- bpw tXmhn- b n ZpxJn- m- - h w
kp-jvS-Nn--cm-p-Ibpw thWw.
14. temI-n A\ys hkvXp- A]l-cn-p-Xv Ah-cpsS A{]o-Xnpw sImSp-pXv {]oXnpw Imc-W-am-Ip-p. ka-tbm-Nn-Xambn s]cpam-dp--Xpw, Iog-S-n-b-h\v CjvS-hkvXp- \evIp-Ibpw sNp-Xv AXyp-Zm-camb {]hr-n-bm-Wv. Ahs\ tIm]n-n-pItbm apjn-n-p-Itbm ]cn-l-kn-p-Itbm
sN-cp-Xv. "'Rm \ns tXmev]n-p-I-f-p.''
Fn-s\ Ahs apn hp ]d-b-cp-Xv.
""\n Fs ktlm-Z-c-\mWv'' Fpw apw
]dv Fm-bvt]mgpw _lp-am-\n--Ww.
an{Xhpw i{Xphpw
1. lnc-Wy-`q-an-kw-{]m]vXym ]mYnthm \
XssY-[tX. bYm an{Xw {[phw e_v[zm Iria-]ym-Xn--a-av.
2. [awN IrXw N XpjvS{- ]-IrXn
tah N. A\p-cw ncm-cw`w eLp an{Xw
{]i-kytX.
3. {]mw Ipeo\w iqcw N Zw ZmXmc
tah N. IrXw [rXna IjvS amlpccnw _p[mx.
4. BcyXm ]pcp-j-m\w iucyw IcpW
thZnXm. sue-eyw N kX-X-aqZmko\Kp-tWm-Zbx.
(a-\p. 7. 208-211)
an{X-e-Ww
1. nc-ambn kvt\l-ap--h\pw `mhn Idn-bm Ign-bp--h\pw Imcyw t\Sm Ign-hp-h-\p-amb ka an{X-ttbm As-n
Zp_e an{X-ttbm e`n-m Dm-Ip-Xne-[nIw A`n-hrn Ipsd kzWtam `qantbm
Inp--Xp-sIm-v Dm-Ip--X-.
2. [a--\pw, IrX-\pw D]-Im-c-kva-cW-bp--h\pw {]k--kz-`m-hn-bpw, kvt\l-ap-h\pw XpS-n-h Imcyw apgp-h\
- mp-X
- n
nc-X-bp--h-\p-amb an{Xs km-Zn-p
cmPmhv {]iw-k\ob-\m-Wv.
3. _pn-am-\pw, Ipeo-\-\pw, iqc-\pw, hoc\pw
ka\pw Zm\-io-e\pw D]-Im-ck
- vac
- W
- b
- p-h\pw ss[cy- h m- \ p- a mb Bfns i{XpXzw
117
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[aw
118
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
IpcymXv Imcyhn\nW-ba.v
7. [cvtam hn-kvXz-[cvtaW k`mw-b-t{Xm]XnjvTtX. ieyw Nmky \Ir-n hnm
kvX{X k`m-kZx.
8. k`mwhm \ {]th-jvShym hhyw hmk-a-RvP-k-av. A{_p-h-\zn-{_p-h-\zm]n \tcm`-h-Xn-In_jo.
9. b{X-[cvtam-ly-[cvta-W-kXyw b{Xm
\rtX-\-N. l\ytX t{]-am-Wm\mw lXmkvX-{X-k-`m-kZx.
10. [a Gh ltXm ln [cvtam cXn
cnXx. Xkvam-cvtam \ l-thym-amt\m
[cvtam ltXmfh[oXv.
11. hrtjmln `K- h m[a kv X kybx
IpcptX lye-av. hrjew Xw hnZpcvtZ-hmkvX
kvamaw \ tem]-tbXv.
12. GI Gh kplr-cvtam \n[-t\-]y-\pbmXnbx. ico- t cW kzmiw kcv h - a \ynKXn
13. ]mtZmf[cv a - k y- I cv mcw ]mZx- k mnW ar- X n. ]mZx k`m- k Zx kcv h m
]mtZm cmPm-\-ar-Xn.
14. cmPm-`-h-Xy-t\-\m-kvXp-ap-Nyt N k`mkZ. Gt\m K-Xn-Icvmcw \nmcvtlm b{X
\nytX
(a-\p. 8. 38; 12-19)
1. cmPm-hv, cmP-k-`mw-K-, cmPy-`r-Xy-m
apX-em-b-h \mp-\-Spw imkv{X-{]-am-W-hp-a\p-k-cn-v, hnhm-Zm-kv]-Z-am-tb-m-hp-Xpw C\n
]d--b p- - X p- a mb ]Xn- s \p hnj- b - - f n
hnhmZw hcp Imcy--fn Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-Ww. imkvt{Xm--amb \nb-a-an-s-n Bhiy-am-sWp tXmp \na- cmPm-hn\pw
P\- pw ]ptcm- K Xn hc- - - h w
Btem-Nnv Dm--Ww.
2. ]Xn-s\p hyh-lm-c- Ch-bmWv: 1.
(E-Wzm-Zm-\w) ISw sImSp-p-Itbm ISw hmpItbm sNp--Xn-ep-m-Ip Xw. 2. (\nt-]x) kqn-p--Xn\v Gev]n-Xv DS-a tNmZn-p-tm Xncn-psImSpm-sX-hcp-tm DmIp Xw. 3. (A-kzm-an-hn{I-bw) A\ys hI FSpp hnpI 4.
(kw-`q-bN kap-m-\w) ]e tNv Hcp-ht\mSv A{Iaw Imp-I. 5. (Z-kym-\-]-Icva)
sImSp-Xv sImSp-m-Xn-cn-pI
3. 6 (th-X\
- s
- sky-hN
- m-Zm-\w) thX\w sImSpm-Xn-cn-p-It- bm, Ipd-p-sIm-Sp-p-Itbm sNpI. 7 (kw- h n- Z hyXn- { I- a x) {]Xn- ,
ewL\w sNp-I. 8 ({I-b-hn-{I-bm-\p-i-bx)
hnevp-Itbm hmp-Itbm sNbvX hkvXp-sf-n Dm-Ip Xw. 9 (kzman ]metbmhn-hm-Zx) ]ip--fpsS DS-a-\pw ]ip]m-e-I\pw Xn-ep-m-Ip Xw.
4. 10 (ko-am-hn-hm-Z-[ax) AXnn-Xw
11 (Z-WvU-]m-cp-jyw) AXn-I-Tn-\-amb in
hn[n-pI 12 (hmIv ]mcp-jyw) ]cp-j-hm-pI ]d- b pI 13 (kv t Xbw) tamj- W hpw
Ihbpw sNpI 14 (km-l-kw) ssItw
sNpI 15 (kv{Xo-kw-{K-l-Ww) kvXotbm ]pcpjt\m hy`n-Nmcw sNp-I.
5. (kv { Xo- ] pw- [ w) kv { Xo]p- c p- j - m
kz[aw ewLn-pI 17 (hn-`m-K) `mK-h-gv 18
(ZqX-am-\y-b) Poh\n-m-h ]Wbw hp
\S-p NqXp-I-fn-bpw. (Zyp-X) Pohn-Isf
]Wbw hp NqXp-Ifn (B-lzbw) Cd ]Xn-s\pw hnhm-Zm-kv]-Z--fm-Wv.
6. Cu hyh-lm-c-hnjbsf kw_-n-pm- I p X- - f n P\- - t fmSv \oXn\ymbw \S- pXp k\m- X - \ - [ s
Bkv]-Z-am-n-th-Ww. Hcn-epw ]-]mXw
ImWn--cpXv Fv Aw.
7. GXp k`-bnemtWm A[w apdn-s-Spnb [aw hn-p-Xv A[a-ns
Ap-ap\ [a-n \np ]dn-p-I-f-bm-Xn-cnp--Xv, A[as \in-n-msX Ccn-pXv AXm-bXv [a-n\v am\hpw A[an\v inbpw \evIm-Xn-cn-p-Xv B k`bnse AwK-s
- fmw apdn-th-h
- c
- m-sWp IcpX-Ww.
8. [man-I-\mb a\p-jy k`.-bn {]thin-m--XmWv D-aw. {]th-in-p ]w
kXyta ]d-bm-hq. k`-bn A\ymbw {]hnp-Xp Inpw au\w `Pn-p t\cn\pw
\ymb-n\pw FXn-cmbn ]d-bp--h alm-]m]n-bm-Ip-p.
9. kZ-ky-m-scmw In-cns A[am [ahpw Ak-Xy-m kXyhpw l\n-s-Sp k`-bn-ep--h-sc-m-hcpw arX-{]m-bcm-Wv. Ah-cn-sem-cp-h\pw Pohn-n-cn-p-n
F-dn-b-Ww.
10. [as l\n-p--hs\ [ahpw \in-
119
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[aw
120
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
121
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[aw
122
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
h- N - l nw- k Xx kml- k - k y- \ - c x- I m
hntbx ]m]-Ir-ax.
8. kml-tk-hcv-am-\-ptbm acvj-bXn
]mYnhx khn-\miw {hP-Xymip hntZzjw
Nm[n-K--Xn.
9. \an{X Imc-Wm-{ZmPm hn]p-emZzm [\mK-amXv kapXv krtPXv kml-kn-Imkcvh`q-X-`-bm-h-lm.
10. Kpcpwhm _me-hr-uhm {_m-Wwhm
_lp-{ip-Xav BX-Xm-bn-\-am-bmw l\ym-tZhm-hn-Nm-c-b.
11. \mX-Xmbn ht[-tZmtjm lpcv`-h-XnIiv N \ {]Imiwhmf {]Imiw hm a\ypkvX\va\yp-arNvOXn.
12. bkykvtX\x ]ptc \mkvXn
\m\ykv{XotKm\ ZpjvS-hm-Iv. \ klm-kn-IZWvULv\u k cmPm i{I-temI `mIv.
(a-\p. 8. 334-338; 344347; 350351; 386)
1. If-f
- m GXv Ah-bhw sImv Fs\
A{Iaw sNp- pthm AXm- X - h - b - h - sf
AtX hn[-n cmPmhp tOZn-p-If
- t- b-X
- mWv. P\-v KpW-]m-T-n-\m-Wn-Xv.
2. ]nXmhv BNm-cy, kv\ln-X, kvXoI,
]p{X, ]ptcm-ln-X Fn-h-cn Bcm-bn-cpmepw icn, Ah-\-hs [aw hnv A[aw
sNp-h
- c
- n cmPm-hnv inn-m hm-Xmbn Bcp- a n- . \ymbm- k - \ - n Ccpv
cmPmhp \oXn-\ymbw \S-p-tm BcpsS
t\scbpw ]-]mXw {]Zin-n--cpXv; Fmhpw btYm-NnXw in \evIWw FYw.
3. km[m-cW ]uc\v Hcp cq] ]ng hn[np Ipw cmPmhp sNbvXm Bbncw cq]
]ng-bn-S-Ww. km[m-c-W-m-c-t-Xn Bbncw
aSv A[n-Iw Bbn-cn-Ww cmPm-hn-\p-ff
in FYw. {][m\ kNn-h\v km[m-cW
in-bpsS Fq-dn-c-nbpw. AXn Xmgv
a{nv Fgp-q-dn-c-nbpw AXn\pw Xmsg-bp-ff
cmPy-`r-Xy\v Adp-\q-dn-c-nbpw Bbn-cn--Ww.
Cns\ cmPy- ` r- X y- m- c nshv Fhpw
sNdnb in]m-bn-p-t]m-epw, Fn-c-n-bn Ipdbm in \ev t I- - X m- W v . cmPy- ` r- X ymv P\--tf-m A[nIw in sImSpm-Xn-cp-m Ah P\-sf apSn-p-I-f-bpw.
Hcp tImemSv Aev]-amb ZWvUw-sImv CWp-p. knwl-am-Is A[n-I- ZWvUw sImt
CW-p-p-f-fq. AXn-\m cmPmhp apX
123
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[aw
Ww?
Dcw:- cmPmhpw ]pWym-flmhpw `mKy-hm\p-amb a\p-jy Xs-bm-Wv. cmPm-hn\v in
\Ip-Itbm in kzoI-cn-p-Itbm sNmXn-cp-m ap--h Fn\p in kzoI-cnWw? am{X-a-, P\-fpw {][m\ cmP-]p-cpj-mcpw cmP-k-`bpw IqSn [am-\p-k-cWw
cmPm-hns\ inn-m B{K-ln-p ]w
cmPmhv Hbvv F-sN-m-\mWv? C-s\sbmcp hyh Cs-n cmPmhpw {][m-\nI-fmb cmP-]p-cp-j-mcpw kaY-m-cmb ap
A[n-Ir-Xcpw A\ym-b-hn-t[-b-cmbn \ymb-[asf XIv P\--sf-sbmw \mi-ntep \bn-p-Ibpw kzbw \in-p-Ibpw
sNpw. ""\ymbm-\p-kr-X-amb in-bvmWv
cmPmhv Fpw [a-sapw ]d-bp--Xv.'' Fp
app ]d-n-p tmImYw kvacn-p-I. B
ZWvU-[a-Xn-Xn\p tem]w hcp-p--h-t\m \oN-\m-cmWv?
tNmZyw:- Ccw ITn-\-amb in DNn-Xa-. Fs-m tOZn AwK-sf hopw
Dm-p-hm\pw acn--h\v Dbn \evIp-hm\pw
a\p-jy\v kmy-a--tm. AXn-\m Ccw
in \evIp-hm ]mSn-.
Dcw:- Cu in ITn-\-sav hnNm-cn-p-h cmP-\n-Xn-mc-. Fs-m Hcp
a\p-jys\ C{]-Imcw inn-p-tm ap-h-scmw ZpjvIr-Xy- sNp--Xn \np
]nn-cnbpw. Zpcm-Nm-c-sf ]cn-Xy-Pnv [aam-n hn-pw. hmkvX-h-n Cu
in kIe P\-p-ambn hn`-Pn-m
Hmtcm-cp-s ]pw ISp-In-s\mw hcn-.
in eLp-hm-bn-cp-m Zpjv{]-hr-n-I
hfsc A[nIw Xgp hf-cpw. AXn-\m eLpshv \nv tXmp in- b mWv
Bbncw aSp ITn-\w. AkwJyw P\-
ZpjvIrXyw sNbvXm Ahsmw {]tXyIw
Aev]m-ev]-sa-nepw in \evtIn hcpw.
AXns BsI-pI CXn-t\-m Xptew
A[n-I-am-bn-cn-pw. AXp-sImv AXv ITn-\hp-am-Wv.
3. ZoL-amK--fnepw IS-en-Sp-p-I-fnepw
\Zn- I - f nepw henb Pe- - c - p- I - f nepw tZissZLyhpw Ime-hp-a-\p-k-cnp Icw IS-pIq-en \n-bn--Ww. alm-k-ap-{Z-n n]vXamb Icw Xpd-W
- w \n-bn-p-Xp kmya-. cmPm-hn\pw IS-en henb I-ep-I
124
Bdmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Im-iw
125
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
126
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
7
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Imiw
Cuiz-c thZw
AY Cuizc thZ-hn-jb {]hymax
C\n Cuiz-c, thZw Fo hnj-b- hymJm-\n-p-p.
Cu-iz-cs KpW-hW-\
1. EtNm Atc ]ctathyma-\y-kvan\v
tZhm A[n hntiz-\n-tjZpx; bkvXthZ
InarNm Icn-jy-Xn-bC-Zzn-ZpkvX Cta kamk-tX.(E 1.164. 39)
2. Cuim hmky-anZMv kcvhw bXvIn
PKXymw PKXv; tX\ Xyt\ `pRvPo-Ymam
Kr[x- I-ky-kzn--\-av. (bPp.40.1)
3.-A-lw-`phw hkp\x ]qcvh-kv]-Xn-clw
[\m-\n kw Pbman iizXx: amw lh]nXc
\ P-thmflw. Zmiptj- hn-`-Pm-an-t`m-P-\-av.
4.-A-l-ant{m \ ]cm-PnKy C\w \ arXyth-hX tI-Zm-N\: tkma-anam kp\ztm
bmNXm hkq\-ta. ]qchx kcp-tb-cn-jm-Y\
(E. 10.48.1.5)
5. AlwZmw KrWtX ]qcvhyw hkzlw
{_-Ir-Whw alyw hcv[-\-av. Alw-`phw
bP-am-\ky tNmZnXmfbPz\x kmn hnizmkvan `tc.(E 10. 49.1) 1
1 EtNm Atc F a{-ns AYw: {_-Ncym-{i-a-in--bn 2 ]dp Ignp. Chn-sSbpw `mjm-t`Z-tmsS Ah Znhy1. t]Pv 118.
2. Cu a{w kXymY-{]-Imiw aqe-n-en-. AYw
sImSp-n-p--Xp-sImv ChnsS a{hpw tN-XmWv.
127
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
128
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
129
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
e`n-p-X
- v. a\p-jy Ipw sNp-X
- n \np
]nh-en-bp-Ibpw ZpxJ-a\
- p-`h
- n-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw
sNp--Xn-\mWv in \Ip--Xv. ap--hcpsS ZpxJ-sf Zqco-I-cn-p--Xn-s\-bmWv Zbsbp ]d-bp--Xv. Zb, \ymbw Fn-hbvv
\n ]d Aw icn-b-. Fs-m
GXp Zpjv I w Hcp- h F{X- t mfw
sNbvXpthm Ah\v AXn\p X-hw in
\evI-Ww. AXmWv \ymbw. Ipw sNbvX-h\p
in \Ip-n-s-n Zb-bn-m-Xm-hpw, Ipm-c-\mb Is\ inn-msX hnm AXv
At\-Im-bncw kXv]p-cp-j
- mv D]-{Z-ha
- m-Ipw.
Hcp-hs\ inn-msX hn-b-p--Xp-sImv
At\-Im-bncw P\-p ZpxJw t\cn-Sp-san AsX-s\ Zb-bmIpw? B Is\ XShn-enp ]m]-Ia-f
- n \npw AIn \np- X p- s Imv Is t\tcbpw Ahs\
sImp-I-f-bp--Xp-sImv ap At\-Imbncw Bfp-I-fpsS t\scbpw Zb ImWn-p-p.
tNmZyw:- ]ns-sb-n\v \ymbw, Zb Fo
cp hmp-I Dmbn? B cp hmpI-fp-sSbpw AYw Hp-X-s-bm-sW-n
cp hmp-I shdp-sX-bm-W-tm. Hcp ]Zw
am{Xw Dm-bn-cn-p--XmWp \-Xv. As\bm--Xn-\m Zb-bp-sSbpw \ymb-nsbpw {]tbm-P\w H-sp a\-n-em-Ipp.
Dcw:- Htc AYs t_m[n-n-p
At\Iw hmp-Ifpw Htc hmn\p At\Iw
AY-fpw Dm-Im-dnt?
tNmZyw:- Dv?
Dcw:- ]ns Fp-sIm-mWv \nv
kwi-b-ap-m-bXv?
tNmZyw:- temI-n As\ ]d-ptIp--Xp-sIm-p-X-s?
Dcw:- temI-n kXyhpw Ak-Xyhpw
]d- b p- Xv A- s \- ] - d p tImw.
Fm Ahsb ]cn-tim-[np \nW-bn-tXv Ah-\-hs IS-a-bm-Ip-p. kIe PohnI-fp-sSbpw Pohn-tXm-tiw km[n-p--Xn\v
temI- n- e p kakv X hkv X p- - s fbpw
krjvSnp \evIn-bn-cn-p-Xv Cuizcs Zbbm-Wv. CXn-ep-]cn al-mb Zb GXmWv?
G-p-dh
- p-It- fm-Sp-Iq-Snb kpJ-Zpx-Jh
- y-h
130
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Dcw:- C.
tNmZyw:- ]ns-n-\mWv kvXpXn-p-Xpw
{]mn-p-Xpw?
Dcw:- AXns ^ew asm-m-Wv.
tNmZyw:- AsX-mWv?
kvXp-Xn-t`-Z-
Dcw:- Cuiz-c--ep-m-Ip kvt\lw
Cuiz-cs KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h--fn \nv Ah\-hs KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h-p-m-Im-hp
kwkvImcw Fn-h-bmWv kvXpXn-bpsS ^ew.
{]mY\ sImv A`n-am-\-an-m-bva, Dm-lw,
klmbw Fnh e`n-p-p. ]c-{_--ns
kmmm-chpw kmbq-Py-kn-n-bp-amWv D]mk-\-bpsS ^ew.
tNmZyw:- CsXmv hy-ambn ]d-p-XcWw?
Dcw:- Cuiz-c-kvXpXn CXmWv:- k ]cyKm-p-{I-a-Im-b-a-{h-W-a-kv\m-hncMv ip-a-]m]-hn-av Ihocva-\ojn ]cn`qx kzbw-`q-cym-YmXy-tXmcvYm hrZ-[mmizXo`yx kam`yx (bPp. 40. 8)
kh-hym-]n-bpw. io{L-Imcnbpw, A\--_e-hm-\pw, ipkz-cq-]\pw kh-\pw, kmcym-anbpw kthm-]-cn-tim-`n-p--h\pw k\mX-\\pw kzbw-`q-hp-amb Cuiz-c k\m-X\cpw
A\m-Zn-If
- p-amb Pohm-flm-f
- m-Ip Xs {]PIp k\m-X-\-amb thZ-hnZy D]-tZ-inv
Bh-iy-amb ]ZmY-m\w Df-hm-n-sm-Spp-p. Cuiz-cs\ Hmtcmtcm KpW--tfm-SpIq-Sn-b-h-\mbn k-ev]nv sNp kvXpXn-bmI-bm CXv kKp-W-kvXp-Xn-bm-Wv. ]c-am-flmhv
Hcn-epw P-sa-Sp-p-Itbm icocw [cn-pItbm sNp-n-. On{Z--sfm-p-an-m
Cuiz-c \mUnR-c-p-I-fm _n-X-\m-hpn-. Hcn-epw ]m]- sNp-n-. tifpw ZpxJ-fpw Am-\hpw Dm-Ip-n. Fn-s\ cmK--tZz-jmZnI-fmb Hmtcm KpW-fn \nv AIp \nevpp Fp kev]nv sNp Cuiz-c-kvXpXn \nKp-W-kvXpXn-bm-Ip-p. Cuiz-c-\n GsXmw KpW-Iakz- ` m- h - - f p- - X mbn k- e v ] n- p- pthm
AXmXv KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h-sf Ah-\-h-\n
]Ip--XmWv Cu kvXpXn-bpsS {]tbm-P-
131
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
132
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
n Rsf \bn-m-epw.
AktXm am kZv Kab; Xatkm am
tPymXncvKab; artXmcvamf arXw Ka-tbXn
(i-X-]-Yw. 14. 3. 1. 30)
]ca- K p- c p- h mb kth- i zcm! Ahn- S pp
Rsf Zpam-f
- n \nv AIn kmKn-tep \S-n-bm-epw. Ahn-Zy-bm-Ip Iqcncp-ns\ amn hnm-\-am-Ip {]Im-is
ImWnp Xm-epw. arXyp-hm-Ip tcmK-n
\np tamNn-np tam--n-ep B\--cq-]amb Aar-Xs {]m]n-n-m-epw. GtXXp
tZmj--fn \ntm ZpKp-W-n \ntm,
Cuiz-c\pw XmXsbpw AIv \np-Xmbn Nnnv Cuiz-c-{]m\ sNp-pthm
Ah-bnse hn[nbpw \ntj-[-fpw B {]m\sb kKp-Wtam \nKp-Wtam Bb {]m\-bm-p-p. {]mn-p hnj-b-n\v A\pk-cnv {]hn-p-Ibpw thWw. A\\y
km[m- c - W - a mb _pnin Inp- h m- \ mbn
Cuiz-cs\ {]mn-p--bm AXn\p thn
Ign-bp-n-S-tmfw {]b-Xv\n-p-Ibpw thWw.
Ign-bp-{X {]b-Xv\n--Xn-\p-tijw am{Xta
{]mn-mhq FYw.
Fs\ {]mn--cpXv?
""Cuizcm Ahn-Spv Fs i{Xp-sf \inn-t-Wta. Fs as-m-h-sc-mfpw hen-bh-\m-t-Wt- a. F\np am{Xta A[n-Imcw e`nm-hq. as-m-hcpw Fs ASn-a-I-fm-bn-o-cWw.'' Fn--t\bpw apw Hcn-epw {]mn-cp-Xv. Cuiz-c AXp ssIsm-p-I-bn-.
cp i{Xp-fpw At\ym\yw \in-n-p-Xn\p {]mn-m Cuiz-c Ccp-h-scbpw
\in-np If-bptam? A[nIw `n-bp--hs
{]m\ k^-e-am-tI--XmWv Fp ]dm `n- Ip-d
h
- s i{Xp-hn\pw Aev]wkzev ] w \miw kw`- h ntXm- s W- p
hpIq-Spw. Cs\ aqV-{]m\ sNbvXv
""Cuizcm Av tNm'dv D-mn Rsf `pPnn- m- e pw! Fs hosSmv ASn- p- X - f np
Xmepw! hkv { X- Ae- n- - mepw!
Irjn-{]-hr-n-IqSn \S-n--mepw'' Fsmsbpw {]mn- t - mw. Cs\ Fmw
Cuiz-c-\n-te-ev]nv Ae-k-cm-bn-cn-p--h
alm-aq-V-m-cm-Wv. ]pcp-jmw sN-W-sa
133
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
3 ssa{Xm-b-Wyp-]-\n-jv 4.49 2)
134
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
sNm--h henb IrXLv\\pw alm-aq-V\p-am-Wv. Cu temI-n-ep kI-e-]-Zmfpw Pohm- fl m- - f psS kpJ- n- \ mbn
\evInb Cuiz-cs KpW-sf hnkvX-cn-pIbpw Cuiz-cs ksb kzoI-cn-m-Xn-cn-pIbpw sNp-Xv IrX-Lv\-Xbpw hnUvVn-hp-a-msX as-mWv?
tNmZyw:- sNhn, Iv apX-emb C{n-b-sfmpw Cm Cuiz-c C{n-b
- f
- psS
tPmen Fs\ sNpp?
Dcw:- A]m-Wn-]mtZm Pht\m {KloX
]iyXyNpx k irtWm- X y- I cv W x; k
thn hnizw \N- X-kymkvXn thm Xamlq-c{Kyw ]pcpjw ]pcm-Wav 7
CXv D]-\n-j-n-ep hN-\-am-Wv. Cuizc\v ssII C. Fnepw Xs in-bmIp ssIsImv Fm-n-s\bpw {Kln-pIbpw cNn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. Cuiz-c\v ImepI C. Fnepw kh- h ym- ] n- b m- I - b m
Fn- \ p- a p- ] cn thK- a p- - h - \ m- W v . In
Fnepw Fm-n-s\bpw \-hw ImWp-p.
sNhn-bn Fnepw ]d-bp--sXmw tIpp. Ax-I-cWw C. Fnepw temI-nep kIe Imcy-fpw Adn-bpp. Cuizcs Fs-nepw in F{X-bm-sWv Bcpw
Adn-bp-n-. Cuiz-c k\m-X-\\pw kh-t{ijvT-\p-at{X B Fpw \nd--hs\ ]pcp-j
Fp ]d-bp-p. C{n-b-sf sImpw AxI-cWw sImpw km[n-t--sXmw kzkmaYy-m \S-p-p.
tNmZyw:- At-ls ]ecpw \njv{Inb\pw \nKp-W\psap ]d-bp-Xp icntbm?
Dcw:- \ Xky Imcyw ImcWw N
hnZytX \ Xam- ` y- [ n- I ZriytX
]cmky incvhnhn-ss[h {iqbtX kzm`mhnIo m\ _e-{Inbm N 8 CXpw D]-\nj-Zzm-Iy-am-Wv. ]c-am-flm-hn \np X{Zq]n bmsXmcp Imcyhpw Dm-Ip-n-. Atl-n\p Imc-W-hpw--Imcyw sNp-hm-\p D]I- c - W - h - p w Bhiyan- 9 . Xp- e yt\m
t{ijvTt\m Bbn Bcp-an-. ktm--a-amb
7. tizXm-iz-X-tcm-]-\n-jv 3.19.
8. tiz-Xm-iz-X-tcm-]-\n-jv 6.8
9. km[-I-Xaw Ic-W-av. Ajym-[ymbn 1.4.42
135
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
in Af-h m\w, FXn-c _ew, AXnc {Inbm-in Fnh Cuiz-c-\n kzm`mhn- I - a mbn Ds- t{X {ipXn. Cuiz- c
\njv{In-b-\m-sW-n temI-ns krjvSn
nXn kwlm-c- \S-p-hm-\mhp-I-bn-.
AXn-\m hn`p-hm-sWnepw kh-hym-]n-bmsW-n-epw tNX-\-am-I-bm {Inbm-hm-\p-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:- Cuiz- c {Inbm- h m- \ m- I mw.
Fm AXv Ah- k m- \ - a p- tXm CmtXm?
Dcw:- F{X-tmfw tZi-Im-e--fn
hym]n-p {Inb sNp-Xv DNn-X-am-sWp
tXmp-pthm A{X-tmfw tZi-Im-e-sf
G-p-dhp IqSmsX hym]n-p {Inbtb
Atlw sNp-Ib
- p-q. Fs-m Cuiz-c\v
Adn-hp-v.
tNmZyw:- Cuiz-c Xs Ayw Adn-bpptm Ctbm?
Dcw:- Cuiz-c kqW-m-\n-bm-Wv.
D-hw Adn-bp-X
- n-s\-bmWp PvRm\-sap
]d- b p- - X v . Hcp hkv X p F{]- I m- c - a mtWm
AXns\ A{]-Imcw Adn-bp--Xn-\mWv m\sap ]d-bp-X
- v. Cuiz-c A\-\
- m-sW-n
A\- - \ m- s Wp Xs Adn- b p- - X mWv
m\w. AXn\p hn]-co-Xa
- mb Adnhv Am\-am-Ip-p. A\--am-bn-p--Xns\ A-ap-Xm-sWpw A-ap-X
- ns\ A\-a
- m-sWpw
Adn-bp-Xv "{`a'amWv Fw. ""bYmY
Zi\w m\-anXn'' 10 Hcp hkvXp-hn\v
GXp- X cw KpW- I a- k z- ` m- h - - f ptm B
hkvXp-hns\ AtX-hn-[-n Adnv kzoIcn-p--Xn-s\-bmWv m\-sapw hnm-\sapw ]d-bp--Xv. adn-p-Xv Am-\-hpw.
AXn-\m
ti-Icva hn]m-Im-i-ssb-c-]-cm-arjvSx
]pcpj hntij Cuizcx (tbm Z. 24)
Ahn-ZymZn ti-, Ipi-em-Ipie-,
Cjv S m\n- j v S - IqSn- - e ^e-
Fnh \evIp I-fpw Ah-bpsS hmk\bpw Cm- Xpw kIe Pohm- fl m- tfmfpw hnin-jvS-am-b-Xp-at{X Cuiz-c.
10. Xz-m-\mcvY Zi\w GX-Xvm-\-anXn
(`-K-h-ZvKoX 13.11)
I-]n-e-a-ljn \nco-iz-c-hm-Zntbm?
tNmZyw:- 1. Cuiz-cm-kntx 2. {]am-Wm-`mhm Xnnx 3. kw_-m-`m-hm-m-\p-am\av (kmw-Jy-Zi\w 112. 10, 11) 1. Cuiz-c
Dsv {]Xy--{]-am-Ww-sImv knn-pn-. 2. Cu-iz-ckn-nv {]Xy--{]-amWw
Cs-n ]ns A\p-am-\mZn {]am-W-
Dmhm Xc-an-. 3. hym]vXn-kw-_w
Cm--Xp-sImv A\p-am\w Dm-hm hgnbn-. {]Xy-hpw A\p-am-\hpw Cm--XpsImv i_vZ-{]-amWw XpS-n-bp {]am-Wfpw tbmPn-p-Ib
- n-. AXn-\m Cuiz-c
Dsp sXfn-bn-m Bhp-I-bn-.
Dcw:- Cuiz-c Ds--Xn\v {]Xy-{]-amWw Csp Xs-bmWv ChnsS ]d--np--Xv. Cuiz-c PK-ns D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-Wa-Xm\pw. ]pcp-j-\n\np hne--W-\mbXp-sImv kh{X ]cn-]q-\m-I-bm ]cam-flm-hns t]cv ]pcp-j Fm-Ip-p. icoc-n ibn-p-Xv sImv Pohm-flm-hns
t]cpw ]pcp-js\mIp-p. Pohm-flm-hns
t]cpw ]pcp-j-s\-m-Ip-p. Fs-m, Cu
{]I-c-W-nXs C{]-Imcw ]d-n-pv:
1. {][m\ in-tbm-Km-tXv kMvKm-]nx
2. k-m-am-{Xm-tXv kcvssh-iz-cyav.
3. {ipXn-c]n {][m-\-Im-cy-Xzky
(kmw-JyZi\w 5 89.12)
1. ]pcp-j\v {][m\ in-tbm-Sp-IqSn tbmKap-sp hm kwKm-]n hp-t]m-Ipw.
kqjva
-
- f
- mb ]c-amWptfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-t-cpXp
\nanw {]IrXn Imcy-cq-]n-bmbn ]cn-W-an-p-Xp-t]mse Cuiz-c\pw kvYqe-cq-]-bmbn ]cnW-anpw Fw. AXn-\m Cuizc PKns D]m-Zm\ Imc-W-a; \nan--Im-c-W-amIp-p.
2. PK-ns Dhw tNX-\-\mb ]pcp-j\n \nm- sW- n Cuiz- c \v kI- e - h n[
sFiz-cy-f
- p-ap-X
- n-\m PK-nepw ksshiz-cy-fpw Dm-IW
- w. AXn-m-X
- n-\m PKns D]m-Zm\ Imc-W-a-, \nan Imc-Wam-Wv.
3. IqSmsX D]-\n-jpw {][m-\s{]IrXn-sb-bmWv PK-ns D]m-Zm-\-ambn ]d-bp-
136
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
-Xv. t\mpI:-
APm- t aImw temlnX ip- I rjv W mw
_lzox {]Pmx krP-am\mw kzcq]mx (tiz-Xmiz-X-tcm-]-\n-jXv 4. 5)
CXp tizXm-iz-X-tcm-]-\n-j-n-ep hN-\am-Wv. DXv]-n-hn-lo-\hpw kXzc-P-kvX-tam-cq]-hp-amb {]IrXn Xs-bmWp kzcq-]m-Ir-XntbmSp IqSn AkwJyw {]P-I-fmbn ]cn-W-anp--Xv. {]IrXn ]cn-Wm-an-\nbmb-Xp-sImv
cq]m--c-sf {]m]n-p-p. ]pcp-j ]cn-Wman-b-m--Xn-\m cq]m--c-s-Sp-n-. IqS\pw \nhn-Im-c\
- p-ambn hn-p-p. AXn\m I]n-em-Nm-cys\ \mkvXn-I-s\p ]d-h-\mWp \mkvXn-I. I]n-em-Nm-cy-\-.
Cu-iz-c \ymb-ssh-ti-jnI
aoamw-k-I-fn
AXp- t ]mse [a- ns B{i- b - a mb
[ansb AwKo-Ic
- n-p aoamw-km-im-kv{X-hpw,
Cuiz- c s\ kzoI- c n- p sshti- j n- I hpw
Bflm-hns\ kzoI-cn-n-p \ymb-Zcvi-\hpw
\nco-iz-ch
- m-Zn-If
-
- . Fs-m, kh-Xzw
XpS- nb [a- fpw ""AX- X n- k {X
hym]vt\m-XoXymflm'' F hyp-n-b-\pk-cnv Fpw \nd-n-cn-p--h\pw kIe
Pohm-flm--fp-tSbpw IqSn Bflm-hp-amb ]pcpj-s\-sbmWp aoamwk \ymbw, sshtijnIw Fo Zi-\- Cuiz-c-\mbn AwKoI-cn-p--Xv.
A-h-Xmcw C
tNmZyw:- Cuiz-c Ah-Xmcw kzoI-cn-pptm Ctbm?
Dcw:- C Fs-m ""AP-G-I-]mXv''
(34-53 ) ""k]-cy-Km-p-{I-aI
- m-bav'' (40-8) Fp
XpS-n-bp bPqthZ hN-\--fn \np
Cuiz-c Pw ssIsm-p-n-sp knnp-p.
tNmZyw:- bZm bZm ln [cvaky m\ncv`hXn `mcX, A`yp-m-\-a-[cvaky XZm-flm\w
krPm-aylw (KoX 4.7) [a-n\p tem]w hcptm-sgmw Rm icocw [cn-pp Fp
{ioIr-jvW ]d-bp-p--tm.
Dcw:- thZ-hncp--am-b-Xp-sImv CXp
{]am-W-a-. [am-flmhpw [as cn-p-
137
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
Dcw: Ah-\h
- s I-hy-I-f
- n
kzX-{\pw Cuiz-cs hyh--bn ]c-X{\pw BIp- p. ""kzX{x Im'' 11
FXp ]mWn-\n-bpsS hymI-c-W-kq-{X-amWv.
GsXm-cp-h kzX-{-k
- zm-[o-\-B
- b
- n-cn-ppthm Ah-\mWp Im-hv.
tNmZyw: BcmWv kzX-{?
Dcw: ico-cw, {]mW, C{n-b-,
Ax-Ic
- Ww apX-em-bh
- s
- bmw BcpsS kzm[o\-n-emtWm Abm-fmWv kzX-{. Pohmflmhv kzX-{-\-s-n ]m]-]p-Wy--fpsS
^ew Hcn-epw Inp-I-bn-. `rXy bP-am-\sbpw ]S- b m- f n- I ]S- \ m- b - I - s bpw
Btbm t{]c-Wtbm A\p-k-cnv bpn F{X-t]sc sImmepw A]-cm-[n-I-fmIp-n-. AXp-t]m-se, Pohm-flmhp ]c-ta-izcs t{]cW- s Im- t m A[o- \ - X - s Imtm
Iaw sNp--Xm-bm Pohm-flm-hn\p ]m]-]pWy--fpsS ^ew Dm-hp-I-bn-. B ^ens Ah-Imin t{]c-I-\mb Cuiz-c-\m-bncn-pw. kzK-\-c-I-, AXm-b-Xv, kpJ-Zpx-J Inp-Xpw Cuiz-c\p Xs-bm-bn-cn-pw.
Bsc- nepw Bbp[w sImv Hcp- s\
sImp-I-f-m sIme sNbvX-h-s\-bmWv
]nSn-p-Xpw inn-p--Xpw. Bbp-[-s-b. AXp-t]m-se-Xs ]c-X-{-\mb Pohm-flmhn\p ]pWy-]m-]--fpsS ^ew Inp-hm Xcan-. AXn-\m Ah-\-hs in-sImp \Sp Ia--fn Pohm-flmhp kzX-{-\m-Ipp. Fm Pohm-flmhp ]m]w sNbvXm
Cuiz- c s
hyh- bvp
Iog- S n
]m]ns ^ew A\p-`-hn-pw. AXn-\m
Iw sNp--Xn Pohm-flmhp kzX-{\pw
ZpxJ-cq-]-amb ]m]-^ew A\p-`-hn-p--Xn
]c-X-{\pw BIp-p.
tNmZyw: Cuiz-c ]c-am-flm-hns\ krjvSn-p-Ibpw Pohm-flm-hn\p in-\e
- vIp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-n-m-bn-cp-p-sh-n Pohm-flm-hn\p
bmsXmcp Iahpw sNp-hm Ign-bp-I-bnm-bn-cp-p. AXn-\m Cuiz-c-t{]-c-Wbmet{X Pohm-flmhp Ia- sNp-Xv!
Dcw: Pohm-flmhv Hcn-epw P\n-n-p-X-. PK-ns D]-Zm-\I
- m-cW
- a
- mb {]Ir-Xnbpw
11 AjvSm-[ymbn 1.4.54
138
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
\nan--Im-c-W-amb Cuiz-c\pw GXp hn[n A\m-Zn-bmtWm AtX hn[-n Pohmflmhpw A\m-Zn-bm-Wv. Pohm-flm-hns ico-chpw
C{n- b - fpw Cuiz- c krjv S n- - X m- W v .
Fnepw Ah-sbmw Pohm-flm-hns A[o-\n-em-Wv. a\-kv, hmv, Iaw Fnh aptJ\
Pohm- fl mhv ]pWy- ] m- ] - sNbv X m
AXns ^ew Pohm-flm-hm-Wv, ]c-am-flm-h
A\p-`-hn-p-Xv. Hcp--Zm-l-cWw ]d-bmw. Hcp
sXmgn-emfn ae-bn \nv Ccp--bncv Ipgn-sSp-p. Hcp I-h-S-m-c AXp hnebvp
hmn, Ahn-sS-\nv AXp hmn sIm
hm Xop. sIms ] \nv B hm
Hcp tbmmhp hmn. AXp-sIm-v Ah Hcps\ shn-sm-p. ChnsS \ymbm-[n-]
Ccpp Ipgn- s - S p- - h t\- t bm, hnebv p
hmn- b - h t\- t bm, hmfp- m- n- b - h - t \tbm
As-n hmfn-s\tbm ]nSnp inn-p-n. hmfp-sImp shn-sm--h-\mWv in
Inp-Xv. AXp-t]m-se, ico-cm-Zn-Isf \nn
Cuiz-c Ah-sIm-p sNp Ia--fpsS
^ew A\p- ` - h n- p- n; Pohm- fl m- h n- s \smv A\p-`-hn-n-p-I-bmWp sNp--Xv.
Cuiz-c-\mWv Ia- sNp--sX-n Hcp
Pohm-flmhpw ]m]w sNp-Ib
- n-. Cuiz-c ]cnip-\pw [man-I-\p-am-b-Xp-sImv GsXmcp
Pohm-flm-hn-s\bpw ]m]w sNp-hm t{]cn-np-I-bn-. AXn-\m Pohm-flmhp kzIaw
sNp- - X n kzX- { - \ m- W v . Pohm- fl mhp
kzIam- \ p- j v T m- \ - n kzX- { - \ m- b - X pt]mse Xs ]c-am-flmhpw kzIa- \Sp--Xn kzX-{-\m-Ip-p.
tNmZyw: Pohm- fl m- h n- s bpw Cuiz- c sbpw kzcq-]hpw KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h-fpw
Gh?
Dcw: Pohm-flmhpw Cuiz-c\pw tNX-\mkz-cq-]-cm-Ip-p. Pohm-flm-hn-sbpw Cuiz-csbpw kz`mhw ]cn-ip-hpw \mi-c-ln-Xhpw
[man-IXzw XpS-nb KpW--tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xpam-Ip-p. Fm krjvSn-bpsS DXv]-n-nXn-{]-f-b- \n-ln-p-I, Fm-h-scbpw
\nb-am-\p-k-cWw \S-p-I. Pohm-flm-p
]pWy-]m-]
- f
- psS ^ew sImSp-p-I, apX-emb
[am-\p-krX Ia- Cuiz-c-t-Xpw, km\-sf DXv]m-Zn-np t]mn-h-fp-I, inev]-
hn-Zy-I \S-pI apX-em-bXpw \-Xn--I-fnS-Ie-Xp-amb Ia- Pohm-flm--fp-tS-XmWv. \nXy-amb m\w, B\-w, Afh _ew
apX-emb KpW- Cuiz-c-\p--Xm-Wv. Pohmflm-hn-\v:-.
Cm-tZz-j-{]-b-Xv\-kp-J-Zpx-J-m-\m-\ymflt\m enwK-anXn (\ym-bw) 12
{]mWm- ] m- \ - \ n- t a- t jm- t - j - a - t \m- K - X o{nbmcvhn-Imcmx kpJ-Zpx-tJm tZzju
{]bXv\mmfl-t\m enwKm\n (ssh-ti) 13
(Cm) ]Zm- Inp-hm-\p B{Klw, (tZz-j) ZpxJm-Zn-If
- n-ep A\njvSw Asn shdpv ({]-bX
- v\) ]pcp-j{- ]-bXv\w _ew
Fnh (kp-J) B\w (Zpx-J) hyk\w Asn ktmj-an-m-bva, (m-\) hnth-Iw,
({]m-W) {]mW-hm-bp-hns\ ]pd-tp Xn-f-bp-I 14 (A-]m-\) {]mW-hm-bp-hns\ Dntep hen-s-Sp-pI (\n-ta-j) Ip-I-f-SbvpI (D-t-j) Ip-I Xpd-pI (a-\x)
\n-bn-p-I, kvacn-p-I, A`n-am-\n-pI (KXn) Kan-p-I, (C-{n-b) Fm C{n-b
- s
- fbpw
{]hn- n- pI (A- cv - h n- I m- c ) hni- v ,
Zmlw, ktm-jw, kSw apX-emb hnhn[
hnIm-c--fp-m-hp-I, Ch-sbmw Pohm-flmhns KpW--fm-Wv. Cu KpW- ]c-am-flmhns KpW--fn \np `n-a-t{X. Cu KpW-sf-sm-p-thWw Pohm-flm-hns KpWsf Adn-tb--Xv. Fs-m Pohm-flmhp
qe-a-. Pohm-flmhp ico-c-n nXn-sNp-tm am{Xta Cu KpW- {]Im-in-q.
Pohm-flmhp icocw hnp-t]m--Ip-tm Cu KpW ico-c-n ImW-s-Sp-n-. GsXmcp
hkvXp Dm-Ip-tm KpW- Dm-hpIbpw \in-p-tm KpW- Cm-Xm-hpIbpw sNp-pthm B KpW- B hkvXphn-t-Xm-Wv. hnftm kqcyt\m D ka-bp
{]Imiw Dm-hp-Ibpw Ah cpw Cm-tm {]Imiw Cm-Xm-hp-Ibpw sNp-X
- mWv
139
12 \ymb-Zi\w 1.1.10
13 sshti-jnIw 3.2.4
14 {]mWm-]m-\--sf-n {K-Im-hns A`n-{]mb-amWv {]mNo-\w. ssa{Xm-bWo Bc-Wy-I-n (2.6)
tbmfb aqcv[zm-am{Im aytXyj hmh kx {]mWx
AYtbmfb AhmMv kw{Im-a-tXyj hmhtkmf]m\
Fp-]-d-bp-p.
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
CXn- \ p- Z m- l - c - W w. C{]- I mcw Pohm- fl m- h nsbpw ]c-am-flm-hn-sbpw m\w Dm-IpXv AXn-\p KpW--sf-sm-m-Ip-p.
Cu-iz-cs {XnIm-e-m-\w
tNmZyw: Cuiz-c {XnIm-e-m-\-ap-Xp-sIm-v `mhn-Im-cy-fpw IqSn Adn-bp-p.
Atlw Xocp-am-\n-p-X
- \
- p-kc
- n-mWv Pohmflmhp {]hn-p--Xv. AXn-\m Poh
kzX-{-\; Cuiz-c Pohs\ inn-pXv DNn-X-hp-a-. Cuiz-cs CwKn-X-a-\p-kcn-mWv Poh {]hn-p--Xv.
Dcw: Cuiz- c {XnIm- e - m- \ n- b msWp ]d-bp-Xv hnUvVn--am-Wv. Dm-bnv, Cm-Xn-cn-p--XmWv `qX-Im-ew. Dm-bn-nm-Xpw Dm-Im-hp--Xp-amWv `mhn-Im-ew.
apv Dm-bn-p-Xpw Ctm Cm--Xp-amb
Hcp m\w Cuiz-c-\ptm? AXp-t]mse
Xs apv Dm-Im-Xpw taen Dm-Imhp- - X p- a mb m\hpw Cuiz- c - \ ptm?
m\w Fm-bvt]mgpw Hcp-t]m-se-bp-Xpw
AJ-WvU-am-bn--C-S-hn-Sm-sX \ne-\n-evp--Xpam-Wv. `qXw `mhn Fp t`Zw Pohm-flmp--Xm-Wv. Pohm-flm--fpsS Ias
At]-n-p {XnIm-e-m\w Cuiz-c-\ps-p-Xp icn Xs. Fm AXp-kzXx-kn--a-. kzmX-{y-ap--Xp-sImv Pohmflmhv GXp-hn-[-n {]hn-p-pthm
AtX-hn-[-n kh--Xz-ap--Xp-sImv
Cuiz-c Adn-bp-p. Cuiz-c Fs\ Adnbp-pthm AtX hn[-n Poh {]hnp-p. `qX-`-hn-jy-Zz-am-\-sf Adn-bp-Xnepw Ia-^ew sImSp-p--Xnepw Cuiz-c
kzX-{-\m-Ip-p. Cuiz-cs m\w A\mZn- b m- b - X p- s Imp Ias kw_- n
m\-sa--Xp-t]mse Xs ZWvU-Zm-\s
kw_-n PvRm\hpw A\m-Zn-bm-Ip-p. cp
m\- fpw Cuiz- c \p kXy- a m- W v . Iam\w kXy-am-sWpw ZWvU
m\w anYybm-sWpw Fs\ hcpw? AXn-\m CXn
tZmj-an-.
Po-h\pw Cuiz-c-\pw
tNmZyw: Pohm-flmhv hn`pthm (kh-hym]n-tbm) Hmtcm ico-c-nepw sht-sdtbm?
Dcw: hn`p-hm-sW-n Pm{K-v, kz]v\w,
kpjp]vXn Fo Ah-I
- P\-\a
- c
- W
-
-
kwtbm-Khn-tbm-K- KXm-K-X- Fnh
Hcn-epw Dm-hp-I-bn-. AXn-\m Pohs
kzcq-]w, Aev]P
-- vRXzw, Aev]X
- zw, kqvaXzw
Fo [a--tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Wv. Cuiz-c
kqva--fn kqvahpw A\--\pw, kh-\pw, kh-hym-]n-bp-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-t{X
Poth-iz-c
- mp Xn-ep _w hym]y-hym]-I-`m-h-am-sWp ]d-bp--Xv.
tNmZyw: Hcp hkvXp Dn-Sv asm-n\v
Ccn-m-\m-hn-. AXn-\m Pothiz-c
- mp
Xn kwtbm-K-kw-_-ta Dm-hm Xcapq. hym]y-hym-]-I-`m-h-kw-_w Dmhm Xc-an-.
Dcw: kam-\-amb BIr-Xn-tbmSp IqSnb
]Zm-p Xnte Cu \nbaw _m[-Iam-hq. Ak-am-\m-Ir-Xn-If
- n _m[-Ia
-
- . Ccpp
qehpw An kqva-hp-am-Ip-p. AXp
\nanw sshZyp-X-amb An Ccp-n hym]nn-cn-pIpw cpw Hcn-S-p-Xs hn-pIbpw sNp-p. AXp-t]mse Poh Cuiz-ct\-m qehpw Cuiz-c Poh-t\-m
kqvah
- p-am-bX
- p-sIm-v Cuiz-c hym]-I\pw
Poh hym]y-hp-am-Ip-p. Poth-iz-c-mp
Xn hym]y-hym-]I _-sa--Xp-t]m-seXs tkhy-tk-h-I-`m-hw, B[m-cm-t[-b-`mhw
bP-am\`rXy-`mhw, cmP-{]-Pm-`m-hw, ]nXm-]p-{X`mhw apX-emb _--fpw D-v.
tNmZyw: Pohm-fl-]-c-am-flm- `n-fm-sW-n--th-Zfnep Cu alm-hm-Iyv FY-amWv?
1. {]m-\w -{_ 2. Alw {_mkvan
3. Xz-akn 4. Ab-amflm {_
Dcw: C- d - h thZ- h m- I y- - f
Xs. {_m-W-{K---fn-ep hN-\--fmWn-h. Ch-Ip alm-hm-Iy-sa-p-t] kXyim-kv{Xfn-sem-cn-Spw ]d-p-Im-Wp-n-.
Ch-bpsS AYw C{]-Im-c-am-Ipp: (A-lw)
Rm ({_-) {_-n- nXn-sN-p-h (A-kvan) BIp-p. ChnsS amx t{Im
in F hmIy-n-se-tmse Xmtm]m[n BIp-p. a---Im-hp-c-I
i_v Z n- p- I - b n- . a- v Poh- \ n- .
Ahbvp \ne-hn-fn-p-hm Ign-hp-an-. AXn-
140
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
141
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
142
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
143
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
144
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
sshc-`mhw {]Zin-n-p-, Bfn\v `bw DmIp-s-t{X CXn-\w. ""Cuiz-ct- \mSv F\nsmcp _hpw C'' F ZznXob _pnbm-emWv `b-apm-Ip-X
- v. ""\ns Rm Iqmp-n-. \n\-ss Hpw sNm Ignhn'' Fv Btcm- s S- nepw ]d- b p- I - t bm,
Bs-nepw tZmjw sNp-I-tbm, ZpxJw
Dm- p- I tbm sNp- - bmv A\y- c n
\np `bw Dm-Ip--Xm-Wv. IqSm-sX, ]ckv]cw sshcpyw Cs-n Ah-sbm-msWp ]d-bm-dp-v. tZh-Z-\pw b-Z\pw hnjvWp-an-{X\pw Hm-Wv, Fp ]dbm- d p- v . Ahp Xn hntcm[w C
FYw. hntcm-[-an-m-bva-sIm-v kpJhpw
hntcm[w sImv ZpxJhpw DmIp-p.
tNmZyw: {_hpw Poh\pw kZm shtsd
nXn-sN-p-pthm AtXm Ftm-sg-nepw
cpw tNv Hm-Ip-pthm?
Dcw: CXn\p Nne Dcw Ctm ]d- t X- b p- q. Fm, km[ay- ns
A\zbw sImv GI-Xzw Dm-Ipw. PUXzw
Hcn-epw ths]-n-cn-mbvI Fo [a-
BIm-i-n\pw aq-{Z-hy-pw D-Xn\m Ahbvv GIXzw Dv. Fm BImi-n\p hn`p-Xzw, kqvaX
- zw, cq]-cm-ln-Xyw,
A\-Xzw apX-emb KpW-fpw aq-{Z-hyv CXn\p hncp--ambn ]cn-n-Xzw
ZriyXzw apX-emb KpW-fpw D-Xn-\m
Ahbvp Xn t`Zhpw Dv. ]rYnhn apXemb {Zhy-v BIm-i-n \np thdnp-\np-hm h. Fs-m, A\zbw
AYhm Hgnhv IqSmsX aq-{Z-hy-v Ccnm- \ n- S - a n- . AXn- \ m A\zbw sImv
Ahbvv sFIy-ap-v. cq]w sImp `n-fm-I-bm hy-Xn-tcIw AYhm cq]-`n--X-bm
Ahbvp `n-X-bp-ap-v. AXp-t]m-se, {_w
kh-hym-]n-bm-b-Xn-\m Poh-\pw, ]rYn-hymZn-{Z-hy-pw {_-n \np ths]n-cn-p-hm km[y-a-. Ahbvp Xn cq]-km-Zr-iy-m sFIyw C-Xm-\pw. hoSp]-Wn-bp--Xnp apv apw achpw Ccppw
apw BIm- i - n Xs- b mWp nXn
sNp--Xv. hoSp-]-Wn-I-gnpw Ah BImi- n
Xs
hn- p- p.
145
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
146
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Im-c\pw kh-hym-]n-bp-amb Cuiz-c thZ-hnZysb kw_-n D]-tZ-i--sfmw Pohm-flmhn-ep kzk--bm Pohm-flm-sf t_m[nn-p-Ib
- mWv sNp-X
- v. ]noSp a\p-jy B
D]-tZ-is hm sImv D-cnv ap--hsc
tIn-p-p. AXn-\m, Cu tZmjw Cuizc-\n hcn-I-bn-.
tNmZyw: BcpsS Bflm-hn, Ftm-gmWv
thZ- {]Im-in-X-am-b-Xv.
Dcw: Atcv - E - t KztZm hmtbm- c yPqcvthZx kqcym-m-a-thZx (iX. 11. 4.2.3)
Hm-as krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-`-n Cuizc An, hmbp, BZn-Xy, AwKn-ckv Fo
aljn-am-cpsS Bflm-hn Hmtcm thZs
{]Im-in-n-p.
tNmZyw: tbm ssh {_mWw hnZ-[m-Xn]qcvw tbm ssh thZmw {]lntWmXnXsska (tiz-Xmiz 6. 18) CXv D]-\nj-Zzm-Iy-am-Wv. {_m-hns lrZ-b-n-emWv
thZ- D]-tZ-in-Xv Fm-Wtm Cu thZhm-Iy-n \np a\-n-em-Ip--Xv. ]ns
An XpS-nb Ejn-am-cpsS Bflm-hn-emsWp ]d--sX-s\?
Dcw: {_m-hns Bflm-hn AymZn-I aptJ-\-bmWv {]Im-in-X-am-b-Xv. a\pkvarXn t\mq. An hmbp chn-`ykvXp-{Xbw
{_-k-\mX\avZp-tZml b-kn-y-arKyPqx kma-e--Wav (a-\p. 1. 23)
]c-ta-iz-c krjvSn-bpsS BZn-bn a\pjysc krjvSn-Xn\p-ti-jw, An XpS-nb
\mep aljn-am aptJ\ \mep thZ--tfbpw
{_m-hn\v {]m]vX-am-n, B {_mhv An,
hmbp, BZn-Xy, AwKn-ckv Fn-h-cn \nv
EtKz-Zw, bPqth-Zw, kma-th-Zw, AYh-thZw
Fo \mep thZ-tfbpw {Kln-p.
tNmZyw: B \mep t]p am{Xta thZ {]Im-in-X-am-bp-q. ampw {]Im-inX-am-bn-. AXn-\m Cuiz-c ]-]m-Xnbm-hp-nt?
Dcw: B \mept] am{Xw kIe Pohmflm-t- f-mfpw A[nIw ]hn-{X-cm-bn-cp-p. ap-h Ahp kZr-iy-c-m-bn-cp-p. Xnanw ]hn-{X-amb thZ-hn-Zysb Ah-cn {]Imin-n-n-.
147
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
148
Ggmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
149
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c thZw
\nXym-\n-Xy-hn-Nmcw
tNmZyw: thZ \nXy-tfm A\n-Xytfm?
Dcw: \nXy--fm-Wv. Cuiz-c \nXy-\mb-Xp-sImv At-l-ns m\m-Zn-Kp-Wfpw \nXy-f
- m-Wv. \nXy-hk
- vXp-f
- psS KpWIa-kz-`m-h- \nXy-fpw A\n-Xy-h-kvXp-fp-tSXv A\n-Xy-fpw BIp-p.
tNmZyw: Cu ]pkvX-Ihpw \nXy-amtWm?
Dcw: A. Cu ]pkvXI
- w, IS-em-v, ajn
Fn-h-sImv Dm-n-b-Xm-Wv. AsX-s\
\nXy-amIpw? i_vZm-fpw Ahbvp Xnep _hpw am{Xta \nXy-am-Ip-p-q.
tNmZyw: Cuiz-c Ejn-amv m\w
\evIn-sbpw Ah m\-n \np
thZ- cNn-p-shpw hp-IqtS?
Dcw: tbw IqSmsX m\-an-.
Kmb-{XymZn O-p-I, jUvPm-Xn-Ifpw DZmm-\p-Zm-m-Zn-If
- p-amb kzc- Fn-hb
- psS
m\-tm-Sp-IqSn Kmb-{XymZn O-p-Isf
\nn- p- - X n\pw m\- k - qW- a mb
imkv{X-c-N-\bvpw kh-\mb Cuiz-c\-msX ampw kmaYy-an-. thZ-
A[y-b\w sNbvXp Ignv hnZy-Isf shfnhm-p--Xn\v aljn-am hymI-c-Ww, \ncpw, Okv apX-em-bh cNn-n-p-s-p-Xv
t\cm-Wv. Cuiz-c thZ-sf {]Im-in-n-n-sn Bpw Hpw \nn-p-hm Ign-bp-Ibn-. AXn-\m thZ- Cuiz-tcm--am-Wv.
kI-e-P-\-fpw Ahsb A\p-k-cnp \S-pIbpw thWw. ""\n-fpsS aXw FmWv?''
Fp tNmZn-m ""R-fpsS aXw thZ-am-Wv,
thZ- n Fsmw hn[n- n- ptm
AsXmw R kzoI-cn-pp'' FmWv
Dcw ]d-tb--Xv.
C\n krjvSn-hn-jb
- s
- -n hymJym-\n-mw.
ChnsS kwn-]vX-ambn Cuiz-c-s\--n-bpw,
thZ-hn-j-b-s--nbpw hymJym-\n-p.
150
{ioa--bm-\ kc-kzXokzm-an-I-
cNn kXymY]-Im-i-n
Cuiz-c-th-Z-hn-j-b-sf
hymJym-\n-p
Ggmw kap-mkw Ign-p.
Fmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
151
kXym-{]-Im-iw
152
Fmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
8
Fmw kap-mkw
kXymY-{]-Imiw
krjvSn-bpsS DXv]n nXn, {]fbw
AY krjvSnhnjbav {]hymax
C\n krjvSn-bpsS DXv]n nXn, {]fbw Fo hnj-b- hymJym-\n-pp.
1. Cbw hnkr-jvSn-cyX B _`qh bZn hm
Zt[ bZn hm \x tbm Akym-[y-x- ]-c-tathym-atm AwK thZ bZn hm \ thZ.
2. Xa Bko-a
- km Kql-at{K {]tIXw
kenew kcvham CZw; Xpty-\m-`z-]n-lnXw
bZm-ko ]k-kvX--ln-\m-Pm-b-ssX-Iav.
(E 10 129. 7.3)
3. lnc-Wy-Kcv`x ka-hcvXmt{K `qXky
PmX ]XntcI BknXv; kZm-[mc ]rYnhnw
Zymap-tXamw Ikvssa tZhm-b lhnjm hnt[a. (-E. 10. 121.1)
4. ]pcpj GthZMv kcvhw bZv`qXwb
`mhyw; DXm-ar-X-Xz-tky-imt\m bZ-t-\m-Xntcm-lXn. (b-Pq. 31.2)
5. btXm hm Cam\n `qXm\n Pmbt;
tb\ PmX \n Pohn; bXv {]b-y`n kwhnin; XZzn PnPvRm-kkz; XZv {_. (ssXn-cn-tbm-]-\n-j-v. `rKp-h-n. A\p-:1)
1. tl AMvK a\pjym Bcn \nv Cu
sshhn-[y-am PKv {]Im-in-X-amtbm Bcv
Cu PK-ns nXn kwlm-c- sNpp-thm, Bcv Cu PK-ns A[n-]-\mtWm
Fpw \nd-n-cn-p Bcn Cu temIw
apgp-h\pw DXv]
- n, nXn, {]f-b
- sf {]m]np-pthm Ah-\t{X Cuiz-c. At-ls
\o At\z- j n- - d n- b p- I . am- s cbpw krjv - S n-
Im-hmbn Icp-X-cp-Xv.
2. krjvSn-p-apv Cu PK-smw Iqcn-cpp-sIm-v aqSn-bXpw cm{Xn-t]mse AZr-iyhpw
Bbn-cp-p. BIm-i-cq-]-amb PKp apgp-h\pw
Cuiz-cs\ At]-nv Xphpw ad-p-In-S
- p- X p- a m- b n- c p- p. ]noSv Cuiz- c Xs
kmaYyw-sImv Imc-Wc
- q-]
- n \nv Imcycq-]-am-n.
3. Atbm a\pjy! kqcy apX-emb tXtPma-b-h-kvXp-v B[m-chpw CXp-hsc DmbXpw Dm- I p- Xpw Bb temI- ns
GI\pw AZzn-Xo-b-\pw A[n-]\pamb Bb ]cam-flmhv Cu PK-ns D-h-n\pw apv
Dm-bn-cp-p. `qan apX kqcyh-sc-bp PKn-s\- kr-jvSn B ]c-am-fl-tZ-hs\ kvt\l]qhw `Pn-p-hn.
4. Fm-nepw \nd-p-ta-hp ]pcp-j\pw
\mi-c-ln-X-amb Imc-W-{]-Ir-Xn-bp-sSbpw Pohsbpw \mY\pw AtN-X-\w, tNX\w Fn-hbn \np `n\pamb ]pcp-j-\mWv `qX, `hnjy-Xv h-am-\--fn hn-p PKns {kjvSm-hv.
5. ]rYn- h ym- Z n- I - f mb kI- e - ` q- X - fpw
BcpsS krjvSn-bmtWm Bcn Ah-sbmw
nXn- s N- p- I bpw {]e- b n- p- I bpw sNppthm B ]c-am-flmhp Xs-bmWv {_w.
153
kXym-{]-Im-iw
154
Fmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
(Om-tmKyw 6. 8. 4)
tizX-tItXm! A-cq-]-amb ]rYn-ho-Im-cyn \nv Pe-cq-]-m aqe-Im-c-Ws \o
Adnbp-I. Imcy-cq-]-amb Pe-m tXtPm-cq]-amb aqe-Im-c-W-t-bpw, tXtPm-cq-]-amb
Imcy-m k{Zq]-Im-cW
- a
- mb \nXy-amb {]IrXn-tbbpw a\-n-em-p-I. kXy-kz-cq-]-amb Cu
{]IrXn kIe PK-n-sbpw aqe-Im-c-Whpw
\nhm-k-m-\-hp-am-Wv. Cu PKp apgp-h\pw
krjvSn-p-apv Ak-n\p Xpeyw Bbn-cp-p.
Pohm-flmhpw {_hpw {]Ir-Xn-bn 4ebnv
hn-n-cp-p. Hn-sbpw A`mhw Cm-bncpp. kw Jep F hN\w Av Ip-fv, hnp tNmv Fm-\p \mbcv ]-fv
Fp ]d--Xp-t]mse tN-bn-mXmWv.
khw JeznZw {_ Xem-\nXn im
D]m- k oX (Om- t mKy 3. 14. 1) t\l
\m\mkvXn In\ ( IT. D. 2. 4. 11.)
ico-c-n-ep Ah-b-h- ico-c-hp-ambn
tNn-cn-p-tm Imcy--ahpw ths]-Sptm \njvIn-b--fp-am-Ip-p. AXp-t]mse
k`-n\p tbmPn hmIy- am{Xta
AY-kw-]p-jvSa
- m-Ip-p-q. Hcp {]I-cW
-
- n
\ns-Spv thsd h hmIy-hp-ambn Iqntm Ah \nc-I
- f
- m-Ipw. C-d
hN-\-ns AYw CXmWv: Pohm-flm-th,
\o {_s D]m-kn-p-I. GXp {_-n
\nv PK-ns D-n, nXn, BZn-bmb
Akv X nXzw kw`- h n- p- pthm GsXmp
krjvSnv [mcWw sNbvI-bm Cu PKv
hn-p-pthm Cu PKv GXns klN-cn-X-amtWm 5 B {_s hnv asmns\ D]m-kn--cp-Xv. tNX-\m-am-{Xhpw AJWvUhpw GI-c-khpw Bb {_-n ap
]e hkvXp- tbmPn-n-cn-p-n-. Ahsbmw AXm-Xns kzcq-]-n shtsd
Cuiz-c\
- m-Ip GIm-[m-c
- n hn-p-p.
aqp Imc-W-
tNmZyw: PK- n\v G{X Imc- W -
Dv?
155
4. Bivtf-jn-v.
5 {_-ns kl-N-cn-Xw--Iq-sS-bp--Xv.
hnp-am-dm-Xv FYw.
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Itbm C.
Cuiz-c PK-ns
D]m-Zm-\hpw \nan--hptam?
tNmZyw: \ho\ thZmnI Cuiz-cs\
PK-ns \nan--Im-c-W-ambpw D]m-Zm-\-Imc-W-ambpw KWn-p-p--tm.
btYmcv-\m`n krPtX KrlvWtX N (apWvU. 1. 1. 7) CXv D]-\n-j-Zz-N-\-am-Wv. Nnen
]pd-ta-\np bmsXmcp ]Zmhpw FSp-msX, Xs ico-c-n \np \n-fn-p
\q sImp he-bp-m-n, AXn kzbw
Ifnp sImn-cn-p--Xp-t]mse {_hpw
Xn Xs PK-ns\ krjvSnv kzbw
PK-z-cq-]-\mbn {IoUnp sImn-cn-p-Ibm-Wv. ""Rm At\I hn[-n-ep--h--PK- Z m- I m- c Bbn- ocpw'' Fn- s\
Cnv B {_w Xs tIhew k-ev]wsIm-p-am{Xw kh-P-K-z-cq-]-\mbn ]cn-Wan-p-I-bmWp sNbvXn-p--Xv. Fs-m:
BZm-ht N bmkvXn h-amt\]nfXYm.2 amWvUq-Iy-Im-cn-I-bm-Wn-Xv. apv DmIm-Xpw HSp-hn Cm--Xp-amb hkvXp
h-am-\-nepw Cm--Xm-Wv. krjvSnbpsS BZnbn PKv Dm- b n- c p- n- .
{_w Dm-bn-cp-p-Xm-\pw. {]f-b-ns
Ah-km-\-n temIw \ne-\n-evp-I-bn-,
{_w am{Xta tijn-p-I-bp-q. Atm
h- a m- \ - I m- e - n PKp apgp- h \pw
Fp-sImp {_-a?
Dcw: \n ]d-bp--{]-Imcw {_w
PK-ns D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-W-am-sW-n, AXv
]cn-Wm-ah
- n-t[-bhpw Ah-m-c
- a
- p-X
- pw, amn\p hnt[-bhpw BsWp hcpw. IqSmsX
D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-W-ns KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h-
Imcy-nepw hp-Iq-Spw. Imc-WK
- p-W]
- qhIx
Imcy-KptWm ZrjvS (ssh. Z. 2. 1. 24) D]m-Zm\- I m- c - W - ns KpW- p kZr- i - a mb
KpW- Imcy-nepw Dm-Ipw. {_w knZm-\--kz-cq-]-am-Wv. PKp Imcy-cq-]-am-I-bm
Akpw PUhpw B\--c-ln-Xhpw BWv.
{_w P\n-m-X
- m-Wv. PKv Dm-bX
- m-Wv.
{_w AZr- i yhpw PKv Zriy- h p- a m- W v .
{_w AJ-WvUhpw PKv JWvU-hp-am-Wv.
]rYnhn XpS-nb Imcy--sfmw {_-n
\nv Dm-b-Xm-sW-n Ah-bn-ep PU-
156
Fmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Nn--tfmSp IqSn-bXpw Bbn-cp-n-. BhpI-bp-an-. h-am-\-Im-e-n am{Xta PKns\ Adn-bm Ign-bq. kv]jvS-amb AS-bmf-t- fm-Sp-IqSn Adn-bm-dm-hp-tm am{Xta DXp-t]mse Adn-bm Ign-bp-Ib
- p-q. AXn-\m
ImcnIm cN-bn-Xmhv h-am-\-nepw PKn\v A`mhw Dsp ]d-Xv Xopw
A{]mam-Wn-IamWv. kqva-ambn Adn-bp-bm {]am-W- aptJ\ Adn-bp--Xpw {]m]np--Xpw Hcn-epw hn]-coX hn[-n-em-Im
hgn-bn-.
krjvSn--bpsS {]tbm-P\w
tNmZyw: PK- ns\ \nn- p- - X psImv Cuiz-c\v FmWv {]tbm-P\w?
Dcw: \nn-m-Xn-cn-p--Xp-sImv
FmWp {]tbm-P\w?
tNmZyw: PK-ns\ \nn-m-Xn-cp-m
Cuiz-c\v B\--n \na--\m-Imw. Pohmflm-p kpJ-Zpx-J- Dm-hp-I-bpan.
Dcw: Ae-kcpw Zcn-{Z-cp-amb Bfp-Itf
Cs\ ]d-bq. ]pcp-jmYn-I ]d-bp-I-bn-.{]f-bm-h-k-c-n Pohm-flm-v kpJtam
ZpxJtam? krjvSn-bnse kpJ-Zpx-J-sf XmcXayw sNbv-Xp-t\m-n-bm kpJw ZpxJ-tm F{Xtbm aSv A[n-I-amWv Fp
ImWmw. krjvSn-bp-f-f-tm At\Iw ]cn--ip-cmb Pohm-flm- tamtm-]m-b
- km[\-sNbvXv tam-ns B\w t\Sp-p.
sIm-cp-Xm--h kZm Dd-n-n-S-p--Xpt]mse {]f-b-n Pohm-fl- \njv{In-bcm-bn-cn-p-p. ]qh-kr-jvSn-bnse Pohm-flmp ]pWy-]m-]-Ia--fpsS ^ew sImSpp-hm Cuiz-c\v Fs\ Ignbpw? Pohm-flm AsX- s\ A\p- ` - h npw? Ip
sImsp {]-tbm-P\w F tNmZy-n\v
ImgvN Ft Dcw ]dbq? AXp-t]m-se,
PK-Xvkr-jvSn-p m\w, _ew, {Inbmin Fnh Cuiz-c-\p--Xp-sImv PKXv\nam-W-a-msX asp {]tbm-P\w? thsd
{]tbm-P-\-ap-sp ]d-bp-hm Ign-bp-I-bntm? IqSmsX Cuiz-cs \ymbw, Zb apXemb KpW- krjvSn-bnse kmY-I-am-hpI-bp-q. Cuiz-cs A\-a
- mb kmaYyw PK-
157
kXym-{]-Im-iw
\ncm-Im-c kmIm-c-\
tNmZyw: Cuiz-c kmIm-ct\m \ncm-Imct\m? \ncm-Im-c-\m-sW-n ssIpw av D]I-c-W--sfmpw Cm--Xp-sIm-v PKXv
krjvSn km[y-ta-b-. kmIm-c-\m-sW-n
Cu tZmj-an-.
158
Fmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Imc-W-n\p Imc-W-an-.
tNmZyw: ImcWw IqSmsX Imcyw Dmhp- I - b n- s - n Imc- W - ns Imcyw
FmWv?
Dcw: tIhew Imc-W-cq]w am{X-am-bh
asm-n-sbpw Imcy-am-Ip-n-. Hns ImcWhpw thsdm-ns Imcyhpw BIp-h asmcn-\a
- mbn 6 Adn-bs
- -Sp-p. ]rYnhn Krlw apXem-b-h-bpsS Imc-Whpw Pew apX-em-b-h-bpsS
Imcy-hp-am-Wv. Fm aqe-Im-c-W-amb {]IrXnv thsd Imc-W-an-. AXv A\m-Zn-bm-Wv.
aqte aqem-`m-hm-Z-aqew (kmw-Jy. 1. 67)
thcn\v thcv AXm-bXp Imc-W-n\p ImcWw
C. AXn-\m Imc-W-an-m-Xv Fm Imcy-fp-tSbpw Imc-Wa
- m-Ip-p. Fs-m GsXnepw Hcp Imcyw Dm-Ip-X
- n\p apv AXn\p
aqp Imc-W- Ahiyw thWw. hkv{Xw
s\p--Xn\v s\bvp-Im-c, \q, Xdn-b-{ apX-em-bh thWw. AXp-t]mse PKns DXv]-n-p-apv Cuiz-c, {]Ir-Xn,
Imew, BIm-iw, Pohm-flm- Fn-hs
- bmw
A\m-Zn-bmbn Ds-nte PK-ns DXv]n
Dm-hp-Ib
- p-q. Ch-bn GsX-nepw Hns
A`m-h-n PKv Dm-hp-I-bn-.
159
kXym-{]-Im-iw
tmIw. 10 Cm-es thZm-n-I Amas \mkvXn-Is Iq-n s]Spw Fsm Ah ]d-bp-Xv: {_w kXyhpw
PKv anYybpw BWv. Poh\pw {_hpw
Xn t`Z-an-. At\-I-tImSn {K--fpsS
knm--am-Wn-sX--t{X.
Dcw: Fm ]ZmY--fp-sSbpw A\nXyX \nXy-am-sW-n Fmw A\n-Xy-am-Im
hgn-bn-.
tNmZyw: Fm-n-sbpw A\n-Xy-Xbpw
A\n- X y- a m- W v . An hnd- I ns\ Fcn- nv
kzbw sIp-t]m-Ip--Xp-t]m-se. 11
Dcw: {]Xy--ambn ImWm Inp
hkv X p h- a m- \ - I m- e - n A\n- X y- a msWpw ]c-a-kq-va-amb ImcWw \nXy-aspw Hcn-epw ]d-p-Iq-Sm. PK-ns
D]n {_-n \nm-sWp thZm-nI hniz-kn-p ]w {_w kXy-am-bXp-sImv AXn \np-m-Ip Imcyw Hcnepw anYy-bm-hp-I-bn-. kz]v\w-t]m-sebpw
Ib-dn kw t]msebpw shdpw k-ev]-amsWp ]d-bp-Xpw bpn-p-\n-c-p--X-.
Fs-m kev]w KpW-am-Wv. KpW-n
\np {Zhyw Dm-hp-I-bn-. KpWw {Zhy-n
\np-th-dn-Sp-Ib
- p-an-. k-ev]
-- ns Imhv
\nXy-\m-sW-n k-ev]hpw \nXy-am-bn-cn-Ww. As-n k-ev]-ns Imhpw
A\n- X y- \ m- sWp [cn- p- I . ImWp- I tbm
tIp-Itbm sNm-Xv Hcn-epw kz]v\n hcn-I-bn-. Pm{K-X-h--bn--A-Yhm
h- a m- \ - I m- e v kmm- X v _ - - m
kXy-h-kvXp--fpsS {]Xy--m\w Dm-bXn-\p-tijw Ah-bpsS kwkvIm-cw hmk-\mcq-]
- n-ep m\w Bflm-hn ]Xn-bp-p.
kz]v\-n Ah A{]-Xy--am-Ip-p. kpjp]vXn-bn _mly-]-Zm--fpsS m\w
Cs-nepw Ah-bpsS k Cm-Xm-hp-n-.
AXp-t]mse {]f-bI
- m-epw Imc-W{- Zhyw \ne\np-p. kwkvImcw IqSmsX kz]v\w DmIp-sa-n P\m A\pw cq]w kz]v\w
ImWpw. AXn-\m kz]v\-n hkvXp-kw_--amb PvRm\w am{X-ta-bp-q. Fmw
Atmgpw _lnx-n-X-am-Wv.
11. \ A\n-XyXm \nXy-XzmXv (\ymbw 4.1.26)
160
Fmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
tNmZyw: Pm{K-Zh
-
- b
- n-ep ]ZmY-
kz]v\-n-epw, c-h--bn-ep-apXv kpjp]vXn-bn-epw, A\n-Xy-am-bn-o-cp-p--tm.
AXp-t]mse Pm{K-Z-h--bn Adn-bp-hbpw kz]v\-Xp-ey--fmbn hnNm-cn--Ww.
Dcw: AXp km[y-ta-b-. Fs-m,
kz]v\-nepw kpp-]vXn-bpepw _mly-]ZmY- - f psS Am\w am{Xta Dq,
A`mhw C. Hcm-fns ]n`m-Kv Ccn-p-
At\Iw hkvXp- Ah ImWm- - XpsImv Ah- b psS A`mhw Dm- I p- n- .
kz]v\-kp-p-]vXn-I-fnse Ah-bpw CXp-Xs. AXn-\m app ]dp h-t]mse
{_w, Poh, PK-ns ImcWw Fnh
\nXy-am-sW--Xp-X-s-bmWv kXyw.
Bdmw \mkvXn-I: ]-`q-X- \nXy-fm-I-bm PK-p-ap-gp-h\pw \nXy-am-Wv.
Dcw: CXp icn- b - . Fs- m
D]n hn\m-i
- p ImcWw ImWm
Ign-bp--sXmw \nXy--fm-Ip-sa-n qeP-K-pw, qe-i-co-cw, IpShpw appw Fnh-bvsmw Dev]n hn\m-i--fp--Xm-Ibm Ah-sbmw \nXy--fm-bn-o-cpw. AXn\m Imcy-p \nXyXzw kzoIm-cy-a-.
Ggmw \mkvXn-I: kI-e-]-ZmYfpw
sht-sd-bm-Wv. GI-hkvXp Hp-an-. \mw
ImWp hkv X p- - f n- s em- nepw asmcp
hkvXp ImWp--tX-bn-.
Dcw: Ah-b-h--fnse Ah-b-hn, ham-\-Im-ew, BIm-iw, Cuiz-c Fnh shtsd-bp ]ZmY-k-aq-l--fn Hm-Wv. Ahb-msX thsd Hp-an-. AXn-\m Hmtcmpw
thsd-b-. cq]-n Ah sht-sd-bm-sWnepw sht-sd-bp ]ZmY--fn Hcp GIh-kvXp-Iq-Sn-bpv.
Fmw \mkvXn-I: kI-e]
- Z- mY-f
- nepw
At\ym-\y-`mhw D-Xp-sImv khhpw
A`m-hc
- q-]a
- m-Wv. ""A\tizm Kux AKu-cizx''
Fv DZm-l-c-W-w. Imf IpXnc-b-. IpXnc
Imf-b-. AXn-\m Fmw A`m-h-cq-]-sap
Icp-X-Ww.
Dcw: kI-e-]-ZmY--fnepw At\ym-\y`mhw Dm-bmepw ""Khn Ku Atiz Atizm
`mh-cq-t]m-hcvX Gh'' Imf-bn Imfbpw
161
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Imcy-kn-n-p-XIpw hw hnti-j-h-kvXphmbn ]cn-Wan-p-hm Ah i-am-hp-I-bn. AXn-\m kzm`m-hn-I-am-b Cuiz-cs cN\-sIm-mWv krjvSn Dm-Ip--Xv.
tNmZyw: Cm- W p PK- n\v Hcp
Imhv Dm-bn-cp-n-. Ctm-gn-, Dmhp-Ib
- p-an-. A\m-Zn-Imew apX CXv Cw
Xs. CXnv Hcn-epw DXv]n Dm-bnn-. hn\m-ihpw Dm-hp-I-bn.
Dcw: Im-hn-msX {Inbtbm {InbmP-\y-amb ]ZmYtam Dm-hp-I-bn-. ]rYn-hymZn-I-fmb GsXmw ]Zm--fn kwtbm-K\n-an--amb cN\ Zriy-amtWm Ah-sbmpw
Hcn-epw A\m-Zn-b. kwtbmKw sImv DmIp-Xv kwtbm-K-n\p apv Dm-bn-cn-p-Ibn-. hntbm-K-n\p tijw \ne-\np-I-bpan-, CXp icn-bm-sWp tXmp-n-s-n
hkvXp--fn Ghpw ITn-\-amb Icn--v,
sshc--v, Dcpv apX-emb ]ZmY-fn
hn`n ]c-am-Wp-sf Iqn-tn-ptm
Fv Ahsb ]nfp s]mSnp `kva-amn
t\mp-I. Iqn-tp-s-n Ah \n-bambpw Ime-{I-taW ths]-p-t]m-Ipw.
tNmZyw: A\m-Zn-bmb Hcp Cuiz-c C.
tbmKm- ` ym- k w- s Imv AWn- a m- Z n- I - f mb
sFiz-cy- km-Znp kh-Xzw XpSnb KpW- - t fmSp IqSnb apnsb
{]m]n m\nbmb Pohm-flmhp XsbmWv Cuiz-c.
Dcw: PK-ns\ krjvSn-n-p-Xv A\mZn-bmb Cuiz-c-\-s-n apn {]m]n Pohmflm-v B{i-bhpw Poh-\-cq-]-hp-amb Cu
PK-v, icocw, C{nb tKmf- Fn-hsbmw F-s\-bp-mIpw? Ch-bn-s-n
Pohm-flm-hn\v km[\ sNm Ign-bp-I-bn-.
km[- \ - b n- s - n kn- \ m- I p- - s X- s\?
Pohm-flmhv km[-\-bn-eqsS knnsb {]m]nmepw kzbw k\m-X\
- hpw, A\m-Zn-bpw, A\
knn-bp-ap Cuiz-c\p Xpey-\m-hp-I-bn-.
Pohm-flm-hns m\w AXns ]c-am-h-[nbn- s e- n- b mepw ]cn- a n- X - a mb m\hpw
kmaYy- h pta e`n- q. A\- - m- \ hpw
kmaYyhpw e`n- p- I - b n- . t\mq! Hcp
tbmKnbpw Cp- h sc Cuiz- c - \ nn- X - a mb
krjvSn-{I-as amm i-\m-bn-n-. Bhp-
162
Fmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
163
kXym-{]-Im-iw
164
Fmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
a\p-tjym-X]
v n Ftm Fs\ ?
tNmZyw: a\pjys krjvSntbm ]rYn-hymZn-I-fpsS krjvSntbm BZyw Dm-bXv ?
Dcw: ]rYn-hym-Zn-I-fp-sS. Fs-m,
]rYn- h ym- Z n- I IqSmsX a\p- j ys \ne\npw kwc--Whpw \S-p-I-bn-.
tNmZyw : krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-`-n Hcp
a\p-jyt\m At\Iw a\p-jytcm Dm-bXv?
Dcw :- At\Iw a\p-jy. Fs-m,
G-tXXp Pohm-flm--fpsS Ia- Cuiz-ckr-jvSn-bn P\n-p-hm Al--fm-nbn-cnp-pthm Ahv krjvSn-bpsS XpS-
- n
Cuiz-c Pw \evIn. "" a\pjym Ej-b-tb.'' 16 "" XtXm a\pjymA-Pm-b-'' 17
F a{w bPpth-Z-nepw AXns {_mW-nepw D-Xm-Wv. Cu {]am-W-m BZnbn At\Iw At\-Im-bncw a\p-jy P\np-shp \nW-bn-mw. a\p-jy AkwJyw
amXm-]n-Xm--m-cpsS km-\--fm-sWp
krjvSn-I-m hy-am-Ip-p-ap-v.
tNmZyw: krjv S n- b psS Bcw- ` - n
_meyw buh\w hmIyw Fo Ah-I-fn GXn-emWv a\p-jycpw ap Pohn-Ifpw
Dm- b Xv ? AtXm aq- h - - I - f n- e p- a pmtbm?
Dcw:-bu-h\mhbn. Fsm
Ippfmbm Ahsc ]cn-]m-en-p--Xn\v
thsd Bfp-I thWw. hrm-h--bn-ep-mbm ssaYp\o krjvSn Dm-hn-. AXn-\m
sbuh\m-h--bn krjvSn Dm-bn.
{]hm-l-n A\mZn
tNmZyw : krjv S nv Bcw`w Dtm
Ctbm?
165
kXym-{]-Im-iw
krjvSn Sn_-n
tNmZyw: a\p-jy-cpsS BZys krjvSn
Dm-bXv Fhn-sS-bmWv?
Dcw: ""Sn_v'' Fp ]dp hcp
{XnhnjvS-]-n 18
tNmZyw: krjvSn-bpsS BZn-Im-ev Hcp
PmXntbm At\Iw PmXn-Itfm Dm-bn-cpXv?
Dcw: a\p-jy-PmXn Hp-am-{Xta Dmbn-cp-p-q. ]noSv ""hnPm-\o-lym-cym tb
N Zkyhx'' 19 F EtKz-Z-h-N-\-a-\p-k-cn-v,
t{ijvT-m-cm-bn-p--hv Bcy, hnZzm
tZh Fpw ZpjvS-mv Zkyp--I--aqJ Fpw t]cp-I Dm-bn. AXp-\nanw Bcy Fpw Zkyp Fpw cp-\m-a \S-n hp. "DX iqt{Z DXmtcy' 20
FXp AYh- t h- Z - n- e p hN- \ - a m- W v .
Bcy-m-cpsS CS-bn Xs app ]d--coXn- bn, {_m- W {Xn- b sshiy,
iq{Z Fn-s\ \mep hn`m-K- Dm-bn.
hnZzm-mcpw ZznP-m-cp-am-bn-p-h
- v Bcy-m
Fpw ]Tn-n-m--hv iq{Z-m As-n
A\m-cy-m Fpw t]cp-m-bn.
Bcy-m `mc-X-n
Phpw Iahpw
tNmZyw: Cuiz- c Nne Pohm- fl mp a\p-jy-P--hpw, thsd Nne Pohmflm-p knwlw apX-emb {Iqc-ar-K-fpsS P-hpw, ap-Nn-e-Xn\p am, ]ip apXemb arK--fpsS P-hpw, ]pgp, ]m, acw
apX-em-bm-hb
- psS Phpw sImSp-n-cn-p-p.
CXp \nanw ]c- t a- i z- c \p ]- ] mXw
Dsp hcp-nt?
Dcw: ]-]mXw hcp-n-. Fs-m,
AXmXp Pohm- fl m- ]q- P - - n
sNbvXn-p Ia-sf A\p-k-cnp hyh
sNp--Xp-sImp ]-]mXw Dm-Ip--X-
19 E 1.51.8
20 AYh-thZw 19.62.1
21 Cm-ev a\p-kvar-Xn-I-fn {_m-hw Fp]mTw
166
Fmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
n-cp-Xv?
Dcw: AXn- \ p- a pv Cu tZi- n\p
bmsXmcp t]cpw Dm-bn-cp-n-. Bcy-m
hcp--Xn-\p-apv ChnsS Bcpw hkn-n-cp-n. Fs-m Bcy-m krjvSn-p-tijw
A[n- I - I mew Ign- b p- - X n\p apv Sn_n\np t\cnv Chn-tSv hv ]mp-I-bmWp-m-b-Xv.
Bcy--Zkyq bpw
tNmZyw: Ah Cucm-\n 24\np hXp-sIm-mWv Ahp Bcy-m Fp
t] Dm- b - X v . Ah hcp- - X n\p apv
ChnsS ImS-m-cmWv ]mn-cp--Xv. Ahsc
Akp-c
- m, cm-k
- m Fsmw hnfn-pIbpw X tZh-m-cm-sWp ]d-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp-p. Ah Xn-ep-mb bp-fmWp tZhm-kp-c-bp-- Fp IY-I-fn
]d-bp--Xv.
Dcw: s]cp---am-Wn-Xv. Fs-m
hnPm-\o-lymcymt\y N Zkythm _ln
jva tX cbm imk-Z-{h-Xm (E.1.51.8.)
DX iqt{Z DXmtcy (AYh. 19. 62. 1)
[manIcpw hnZzm- mcpw kXy- h m- Z n- I - f pambP\-sf Bcy-m-scpw Am--hsc
Zkyp AYhm ZpjvS, A[manI, Ahn-Zzm
Fpw ]d-p-htm? AXp-t]mse {_mW, {Xn-b, sshiy Fn-hv Bcymscpw iq{Z-mv A\m-cy-m-sc-pw ]Tnn-m--h-sc-pw t]cm-sWpw ]d-n-pv. thZw Cs\ ]d-bp-tm Bcm\pw
sIn--a-bvp-Xv _pn-am-mv kzoIm-cy-a. Bcymh-\n-hm-kn-If
- mb Ap-\ Zic-Y-a-lm-cm-Pmhv apX-em-b-h lnam-eb ]hX-n hp \S-n-p tZhm-kp-c-bp--fn--B-cy-mcpw Zkyp-fpw Xn-ep-mb
bp--fn tZh-msc AXm-bXp Bcy-msc
cn- p- h m\pw Akp- c - msc tXmev ] n- phm\pw tZh-mp klmbw sNbvXn-p-v.
CXn \np knn- p- Xv Bcym- h ns \mep- ` m- K- pw- - l n- a - h ms Ing- v ,
sXv, ]Sn-m-dv, hSv Fo \mep Znp-Ifnepw An, \ncr-Xn, hmbp, Cuim\ Fo
\mep tImWp- I - f nepw a\p- j y hkn- n- c pspw Ahv Akp-c-m Fp t]cm-bncpp Fp-am-Wv. lnam-e-b-]-X-{]-tZ-i-n-
167
kXym-{]-Im-iw
ASn-a--n\p ImcWw
Ctm \n`m-Kyw-sImpw `mc-Xo-b-cpsS
aSn, A{i-, At\ym\y hntcm[w Fn-hsImpw Bcy-m-cpsS AJWvUhpw kzX{hpw kzm[o-\hpw \n`-bh
- p-am-bn-p cmPy`cWw Bcym-h-n Xs Hcn-S-p-an-.
ap cmPy- `cn- p- - X ns IY
]nsp ]d-bm! Bcym-h-n Bcym-cpsS \mSp-hmgvN Aev]-sa-n-ep-ap-s-nepw
AXpw hntZ-iob B{I-a-W-n\p hnt[-b-amIp-p. kzX-{-cmb cmPm--m hfsc Ipdp-t]-tc-bp-q. ZpZn-\- hcp-tm P\v At\-I-hn-[-n-ep ZpxJ- A\p`-hn-tn hcp-p.
B F{X hfsc \ sNbvXmepw icn,
kztZ-iob `cWw Xs-bmWv \mnv Ghpw
\-Xv. adnv ]d-m aX-a-Xm--c--fm-{K-lnmsX Ah-\-h-stbm A\y-cp-sStbm Imcyfn ]-t`Zw ImWn-msX {]P-I-fpsS
t\sc amXm-]n-Xm--m-sc-tmse s]cp-am-dnsmv Zb, \ymbw Fn-h-tbm-Sp-IqSn \Sp cmPy-`-cWw t]mepw hntZ-io-b-cp-tS-XmsW-n ]qW-kp-J-{]-Z-a-. `n `mj-I,
shtsd ]T-\-co-Xn-I, hyXy-kvX-fmb
s]cp-am-- Fn-h-bp-ep hntcm-[s
Zqsc XyPn-p-Xv hfsc ZpjvI-c-am-Wv. AXp
]cn-Xy-Pn-m ]w ]c-kv]cw ]qW D]Im-chpw A`n-{]mb sFIyhpw Dm-hm hfsc
hnj-aa
- m-W.v AXn-\m thZm-Zn-im-k{v X-f
- n-ep
hyh-I
- t- fbpw Ncn-{X-]m-T
- t- fbpw BZ-cn-pXv k-\
- f
- psS I-hy-am-Ip-p.
168
krjvSn-Imew
Fmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
khpw Imfbpw
tNmZyw: CXns\ [cn-p-sImncnp-Xv
BcmWv? tijs AXm-bXv Bbncw ^W-fp k-ns inc-n-emWv Cu `qan
nXn- s N- p- Xv Fv Hcp- h \pw, Ej- ` ns sImn-t-em-sWv CX-c\pw, Hnt-ep-a-sv A]-c\pw, hm-bp-hns\ B{ibnp \nevp-sv C\n-sbm-cp-h\pw ]d-bpp. kqcys BIj- W - i - n- s Imp
BIr- j vS- a mbn
kzm- \ - p- X s
\nevpp FmWv asm-cp-h ]d-bp--Xv.
`qan L\-ta-dn-b-Xm-I-bm BIm-i-n
At[m-`m-K
- ntev ]Xn-p-sIm-n-cn-pp
Fv C\n-bp-sam-cm A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p.
CXn-te-XmWp kXyw?
Dcw: k- c m- P - \ mb tijs incntem Imf-bpsS sImntem BWp `qan
nXn-sN-p-Xv Fp ]d-bp-h
- t- \mSv k25. ae-bm-f-n thZ-]-cy-S\w, thtZm-Xv]n F
A[ymbw
169
kXym-{]-Im-iw
-Xv.
DmZm[mc ]rXn- h o- a pXZymav (10. 85.
1) 26 CXpw EtKz-Z-n-ep hN-\-am-Wv. Cu
Dm In-mhmw Imf Fp IqSn AY-ap-Xp-sImv Imf `qansb Xmp-sv kev ] n- - X v . Fm `qtKm- f s [mcWw
sNm Imfbvp Ign-hptm Fv B aqV
Nnn-n-. Dm FXv ag-s]bvXp `qan apgph\pw \\-bvp kqcys t]cm-Wv. kqcy\mWp Xs BIj- W - i - n- s Imp
`qansb [cn-p-sIm-n-cn-p--Xv. Fm
kqcym-Zn-It- fbpw [cn-p in Cuiz-\m-Xm-cp-a
- .
kth-iz-c [mc-I
tNmZyw: C{X hfsc henb `qtKm- f sbpw apw [cn-m Cuiz-c Fs\
i-\mbn?
Dcw: A\--amb BIm-i-n `qan
apXemb henb temI, kap-{Z-n PeI-W-sa--t]mse Xosc sNdp-Xm-Wv. Af-h
in-bp Cuiz-cs apn F-a temI Fmw IqSn Iqn-bm t]mepw Hcp ]cam-Wp-hn\p Xpey-am-hn-. Atlw AIpw
]pdpw Fm-bnSpw hym]n-n-cn-p-p.
""hn`px {]Pmkp'' FXp bPqth-Z-n-ep
hN-\-am-Ip-p. (32. 8) B Cuiz-c {]P-I-fnsemw \nd-n-cpv Fm-n-s\bpw [cn-p-sImn-cn-p-p. {InkvXym-\n-I, apkamam,
]ucm- W n- I Fn- h ]d- b p- - X p- t ]mse
kh-hym-]n-b Cuiz-c-s\-n Cm-Wm-b
krjv S n apgp- h \pw [cn- p- s Im- n- c n- m
Atlw Hcn-epw i-\-. Fs-m
In Cm Hcp hkvXp-hn-s\bpw Bpw
[cn-p-hm Ign-bp-I-bn-. ""At\ym-\y-ap
BIj- W - i - n- s Im- m- b n- c nmw Cu
temI--sfmw \ne-\n-evp-Xv ]ns-n\mWv Cuiz- c [cn- p- s Im- n- c n- p- sXpw'' Bsc-nepw ]d-t-mw. Ahp- c - a n- X mWv : ""Cu krjv S n A\- tam
kmtam? A\--am-bn-cn-m Xc-an-. Fsm BIr-Xn-bp hkvXp Hcn-epw A\-am-bn-cn-n-. kmamsWp]d-mtem?
temI-f
- psS AXnn-bn thsdmcp temIw
27. kZm-[c ]rYn-how-Kym-ap-tX-amav Fp ]mTw
`qan-bpsS {`a-Ww
tNmZyw: `qanbpw ap temI-fpw Id-ppthm nc-ambn \nevp-pthm?
Dcw: Id-n-sm-n-cn-p-p.
tNmZyw: kqcy Xncn-bp-p. `qan Xncn-bpn Fp Nne. `qan-bmWp Xncn-bp--Xv,
kqcy Xncn-bp-n Fp thsd Nne.
GXmWv kXyw?
Dcw: cpw ]IpXn Ak- X y- a m- W v .
Fs-m, thZ-n ]dnpXv C{]Im-c-am-Ipp: Bbw Kux ]riv\n-c-{I-ao-ZkZm-Xcw ]pcx ]nXcw N {]bzx (bPp. 3. 6) Cu `qtKmfw Pe-tm-Sp-IqSn kqcys
Nppw Id- n- s m- n- c n- pp FmWv
CXns AYw. AXn-\m `qan-bmWv {]ZnWw sNp--Xv.
B IrjvtW\ cPkm hcv-amt\m \nthi-b arXwacvXyw N; lnc-Wy-tb\ khnXm
ctY\m tZthm-bmXn `ph-\m\n ]iy (b-Pp.
33. 43)
hjm-Zn-I-fpsS Imhpw {]Im-i-kz-cq]\pw tXtPm-a-b\pw ca-Wo-b-kz-cq]nbp-amb
170
Fmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
ap-tem-I--fnepw Poh-Pm-e--fp-v.
tNmZyw: kqcy, N{ \-{X-
Fnh Fp hkvXp--fmWv? Ahbn
a\p- j yXpS- n- b p krjv S n- P m- e -
Dtm Ctbm?
Dcw: C-d tKmf--sfmw temI BIp-p. Ah-bn a\p-jymZn Pohn-I
hkn-p-p-v. Fs-m
GtXjp loZMv kcvhw hkp lnX-tatX
lnMv kcvhw hmk-bt XZym-ZnZwMv kcvhw
hmk-bt Xkvam Zzkh CXn. (i{X. Im.
14) 29
]rYn- h n, Pew, An, hmbp, BImiw,
N{, \-{Xw, kqcy Fn-hbvp hkp Fp t]cp hXv Ah-bn Fm NcmN-c-fpw hkn-p--Xp-sImpw Ahsb Ah
29 iX-]Yw 14.6.9.4
30 am\-hmZn Pohn-I Cm--h-sb-nepw Ah-bpsS
hmk-n\p tlXp-hm-I-bm hkp Fp-t]-cm-bn.
hoSns taq-c-bn a\p-jy ]mp-n-s-nepw
AXpw hoSns `mK-am-bn-cn-p--Xp-t]mse, N{-\n
Pohn-I-fn-se-nepw \psS `qan-bnse hmk-n\v
N{ klm-bn-p-p.
171
kXym-{]-Im-iw
hkn-n-p-X
- p-sImpw BWv. Fm-n-sbpw
hmk-`q-an-bm-b-Xp-sIm-mWv Ahbvv hkp Fp t] h-Xv.30 kqcy\pw N{\pw
\-{X-fpw ]rYn-hn-sb-tmse hkp--fmsW-n Ah-bnepw CtX-hn-[-n Poh-Pme- Dsp ]d-bp--Xn-sen\p in-Ww. Cuiz-c-\nan-X-amb Cu sNdn-b-temIw
a\p-jymZn krjvSn-Pm-e-fm \ndncns
ap temI--sfmw iq\y--fm-bn-cn-ptam?
Cuiz-cs {]hrn-sbmpw \njv-{]-tbm-P-\a-. AkwJyw temI-tem-Im--c--fn a\pjymZn krjvSn-I-fn-s-n Ah-bpsS {]tbmP-\s
- av? AXn-\m kI-et- em-I
- fnepw am\hmZn krjvSn-I Dv.
BIr-Xn-t`Zw hcmw
tNmZyw: a\p-jymZn krjv-Sn-Pm-e--fpsS
BIr-Xnbpw Ah-b-h-fpw Cu temI-nte-Xp-t]m-setbm? AtXm `ntam CX-c-temI--fn-ep-Xv?
Dcw: Ipdv BIr-Xn-t`-Zw,hcmw. `qan-bn
Xs ssN\, B{^n-, Bcy-hw, bqtdmv
Fo {]tZ-i--fn-ep--h-cpsS BIr-Xn, Ahb-h-, \ndw Fn-h-bn sXp t`Z-ap-Xp-t]mse temIm--c--fnepw hcmw. Fm
Cu temI-n krjvSn-n-p P\p-kp-I-sftm-se-Xs A\y-tem-I--fnepw krjvSn-ncn-p-p. IqSmsX Iv apX-emb AwK--fpsS
m\w temI-n ImW-s-Spw-t]mse XsbmWv temIm- - c - - f nepw D- X v . Fsm kqcym-N-{-aku [mXm bYm-]qcvh-aI-ev]-bXv Znhnw N ]rYnhowNm-cn--atYm
kzx (E. 10. 190. 3)
kqcy, N{, BIm-iw, `qan. A-cnw
Ah-bn-ep kpJ-, hnin-jvS-h-kvXp-F-n-hs
- bmw [mXm-hmb Cuiz-c apI-ev]-fn krjvSn-n-cn-p--Xp-t]mse Xs-bmWv, Cu Iev]
- nepw krjvSn-n-p-X
- v. temIm-c--fnepw C-s\-X-s-bm-Wv. Hpta Ac-an-.
Pohm-flm-fpw {]Ir-Xnbpw
Cuiz-c-\-[o\w
tNmZyw: Pohm-flm-fpw {]Ir-Xn-bn-ep
]ZmY-fpw A\m-Znbpw Cuiz-c-krjvS-am--Xp-am-sW-n Ah-bn Cuiz-c\v
A[n-Im-cta Dm-Im ]mSn-. Fs-m
Fmw kzX-{fm-Wtm?
Dcw: cmPmhpw {]P-Ifpw ka-Im-eo-\cmIp-p. {]P-I cmPm-hns A[o-\-n-em-Wncn-p--Xv. AXp-t]mse Pohm-flm-fpw PU]-ZmY-fpw Cuiz-cs A[o-\-n-emWv.
Cuiz-c temIsf krjvSn-p-p. Pohm-flmp Ia-^ew sImSp-p-p. Fm-n-s\bpw
thpw hw cn-p-p. Af-h in-bp-h-\pam-Wv. Atm AXy-ev]-amb inbp Pohm-flm-fpw PU-]-ZmY-fpw FpsImv At-l-ns A[o-\-n-em-bn-qSm?
Fm Iaw sNp--Xn Poh kzX-{\m-Wv. Ia-^-e- A\p-`-hn-p--Xn-em-Is
Cuiz-cs hyh-bvv A[o\-\p-am-Wv. AXpt]m-se-Xs PK-ns krjvSn nXn-kwlm-c- \S-p-Xpw kh-i-n-am-\mb
Cuiz-c Xs-bm-Wv.
ASp kap-m-k-n hnZy, Ahn-Zy,
_w, tamw Fo hnj-b- {]Xn-]m-Znmw.
{ioa--bm-\--k-c-kz-Xo-kzm-an-I cNn
kXymY-{]-Im-i-nse
krjvSypev]n-nXn {]f-b-hn-j-b-
{]Xn-]m-Zn-p
Fmw kap-mkw Ign-p.
thZw ap-tem-I--fnepw
tNmZyw: Cu temI-n {]Im-in-X-amb
thZ- Xs-bmtWm ap temI--fnep-ap-Xv? AtXm thsdtbm?
Dcw: Chn-sS-bp thZ- Xs. Hcp
cmPm-hns cmPy-`-c-Ww, \oXn-\ym-b-hy-h-172
H]Xmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
9
H]Xmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Imiw
hnZy, AhnZy, _-\w, tamw
AY hnZymhnZy,_-tamw hnjbw {]hymax
C\n hnZy, AhnZy, _-\w, tamw Fo hnj-b- hymJym-\n-p-p.
hnZymw NmhnZymw N bkvX-tZz-tZm-`bMv
kl Ahn-Zybm arXypw XocvXzm hnZybmf
arX-a-iv\ptX (b-Pp. 40. 14)
hnZy-bp-sSbpw Ahn-Zy-bp-sSbpw kzcq-]-sasv Htc kabw Xs Adn-bp a\p-jy
Ahn-Zy 1 bm AYhm Itam-]m-k-\-I-fm
1 AhnZym F ]Z-n\v cp kam-k--fp-v. \Rv
Xv]pcp-j-\pw, _lq-{ho-ln-bpw. a{-nse AhnZym
\Rv. XXv]p-cp-j-k-am-Wv. \ hnZym = Ahn-Zym. Fsm BZyp-Zm--am-Wn-Xv. \Rv XXv]p-cp-j-\n Dc-]-Z-n\p \ntj[w Iev]n--bm AXn-\-\p-k-cnv
AYs t_m[n-n-p-p. \Rn-h-bp--a\y kZrim-[n-I-c-tW-X-Ym-lyY-KXnx F-a-lm-`m-jy-h-N\w
(3.1.12) CXn\p {]am-W-am-Wv.) A\-iz-am-\b F
Bbvv `rXy khm-cnp sImm-hp IpXn-cb-m \mevImen arKs sImp-hc
- pw. hnZy, Iaw
Fn-hbvv imkv{X--fn kl-hnXzw ]d-np-v. XwhnZym IaWn ka-\zm-ct- `tX ]qh-{]-mN
(_r-l-Zm-c-WyI D]-\n-jv 4. 4. 2 \ncp-. 14.7) CXn.m\w Iaw ]qhw--hm-k-\, kvXpXn, kwkvImcw
Fnh Bflm-hn-t\m-sSmw t]mIp-p. Cm-c-Wm Ahn-Zy-sb-X
- n-\. hnZy-bn-m Fm XZr-i-amb Ia-sav {Kln--Ww. CXv {K-Im-c
AhnZy sb hymJym-\n-p-tm kv^pSo-Ic
- n-p-p-v.
_lp-{holn kam-k-nse AhnZy \mkvXn hnZym--bYmY- m\w bkym- k m- - G - X n- e mtWm bYmY
m\-an-m-Xv Acw hn]-co-X-m-\-n\v ]dbp t]cmWv. sshtijnI Zi-\
- nepw C{n-bt- ZmjmXv kwkvImc tZmjmm hnZym-X-pjvSw m\-av.
(9.2.10&11) C{n-b--kw-kvImc tZmj--fm-ep-m-Ip
AhnZy Zpjn-n-p m\-amWv Ahn-Zy-sbp ]dbp-p. tbmK kq{X-nse Ahn-Zybvv Cu Asa-Sp-W
- w.
175
hnZyA-hn-Zy--_\w--tamw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Xy-X. \nXy-n \nXyX. ]hn-{X-a-m--Xn
A]-hn-{X-X, ]hn-{X-Xb
- n ]hn-{XX ZpxJ-n
ZpxJw, kpJ- n kpJw A\m- fl - X - b n
Bfl-`n--X, Bflm-hn BflX Fn-h-ImWp- - X mWv hnZy ""thn bYm- h - z
]ZmcvY-kz-cq]w bbm km hnZym. bbm Xzkz-cq]w \ Pm\mXn {`Z-\ykvan \y-n-ivNnt\mXn bbm km AhnZym'' GXn-\m ]ZmYfpsS bYmYkzcq]w Adn-bp-pthm AXns\-bmWp hnZy Fp ]d-bp-Xv. GsXm-n\m Xz-kz-cq]w Adn-bp-n-tbm GXn-\m
Hcp hkvXp-hn asmcp hkvXp-hns AkvXnXz-t_m[w Dm-Ip-pthm AXns\ AhnZy
Fpw ]d-bp-p.
AhnZy
Iahpw D]m-k-\bpw Ahn-Zy-bm-Wv. ImcWw, Ah _mly-fpw B-c--fp-amb
{Inbm-hn-ti-j--fm-Wv, m\-a-. AXp-sImp-Xs
- -bmWv Cu a{-n ""]cn-ip--amb
Iaw A\p-jvTn-p-Ibpw Cuiz-cs\ D]m-knp-Ibpw sNmsX arXyp-Zpx-Js Bcpw
XcWw sNp-n-.'' Fp ]d-n-p--Xv.
]mh-\-amb Iam-\p-jvTm-\w, ]hn-{X-amb D]mk\, ]cn-ip--amb m\w Fn-h-sImt
tamw Inp-I-bp-q. Ak-Xy-`m-jWw XpSnb ZpjvIa-, hn{K-lm-cm-[-\, anYymm\w Fn-h-I-fmepw _-\-am-Wp-m-Ip-Xv FYw. Iaw, D]m-k-\, m\w,
Fn-hb
-
- msX Hcp \nanjw t]mepw a\p-jy\p
\ne-\nn-. 3 AXn-\m kXy-`m-j-WmZn
[a-bp--Ia- A\p-jvTn-p-Ibpw anYymkw-`m-j-WmZn A[a-sf XyPn-p-Ibpw
sNp-Xp am{X-amWv tam-n-\p D]mbw
176
H]Xmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
177
hnZyA-hn-Zy--_\w--tamw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
W--fn {]Im-inv Poh-\mbn Xocp--sXn AXn kh-Xzw XpS-nb KpW Dstm Cstm ]d-bp-Xv? BhcWw Dm-Ip--Xn-\m kh--Xzm-Zn-Kp-W Cs-m-sW-n {_w Bhr-hpw
JWvUn-X-hp-am-sWtm AtXm AJ-WvUn-Xam-sWtm ]d-tb-Xv? AJ-WvUn-X-am-sWn AXns Dn Bh-cWw Dm-p-hm
km[y-a-. Bh-cWw Cs-n k-Xzw
Fp-sIm-n? {_w Xs kzcq]s
adv Ax-Ic
- W-n-s\mw Nen-p-p, kzcq]-tm-sS-b-, Fp ]d-bp-Xpw icn-b-.
kzbw Nen-m-Xn-cn-s, Ax-I-cWw F{Xsb{X {]tZ-i-sf ]nnv apt-dn-sm-ncn-ptam Ahn-S-hnsS {_w Am-\nbpw
{`m- h p- a m- b n- c n- pw. ]nn- n- S - - f n D
{_w m\nbpw ]cn-ip-hpw aphpw
BIpw. Cs\ hniz-hym-]n-bmb {_s
Ax-I-cWw kh{X Zpjn-n-pw. _-tam- ss\an-jn-I--fp-amIpw. \n-fpsS
{]am-W-a-\p-k-cnv Hcp Pohm-flm-hn-\pw app
ImWp-Ibpw tIp-Ibpw sNbvXXv kvac-Wbn hcn-I-bn-. Fs-m app ImWpIbpw tIp-Ibpw sNbvX {_w Cm-Xmbn-o-cp-p. AXn-\m {_w Poht\m Poh
{_tam A. Ahbvp Xn Hcn-epw
sFIyw Dm-Ip--X-. Ah Fm-bvtmgpw
shtsd Xs-bm-Wv.
178
H]Xmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
_-tam-h
- n-hc
- Ww
tNmZyw: apn Fp ]d-bp--sX-mWv?
Dcw: "apn ]rY- K v ` - h n P\m
bkymw km apnx' GXn \nv tamN\w
Dm-Ip-pthm AXmWp apn.
tNmZyw: Fn\np tamN\w?
Dcw: Fn\np tamN\w Fm Pohmflm-fpw Cn-p-pthm AXn \nv.
tNmZyw: GXn\n-p tamN-\-amWv
Cn-p-Xv?
Dcw: GXn\n-p tamN-\m-`n-emjw
Dm-Ip-pthm AXn\nv.
tNmZyw: GXn \np tamNn-phm-\mWv
A`n-emjw Dm-Ip-Xv?
Dcw: ZpxJ-n \nv.
tNmZyw: tamNnv Fns\ {]m]n-pp?
FhnsS hkn-pp?
Dcw: kpJs {]m]n-p-p. {_n hkn-p-p.
tNmZyw: apnbpw _hpw Fp-Im-cW--fm-em-Wp-m-Ip-Xv?
Dcw: Cuiz- c m ]cn- ] m- e n- p- I ,
A[aw, Ahn-Zy, No-kw-kKw, No-kwkv I m- c w, No- k z- ` m- h - Fn- h - b n
\npw AIp \np-I. kXyw ]d-bp-I,
]tcm-]-Imcw sNp-I, hnZym-[y-b\w sNp-I,
]-]mXw IqSmsX \ymbw [aw Fn-hsb
hn-n-p-I, app ]d-n-p--Xp-t]mse
Cuiz-cs\ kvXpXn-p-Ibpw {]mYn-p-Ibpw
D]m-kn-p-Ibpw sNp-I AXm-bXv tbmKm`ymkw sNp-I hnZy-I A`y-kn-p-Ibpw
A`y-kn-n-p-Ibpw sNp-I, [a-\n-jvTm-ambn
]pcp-jmw sNbvXv m\w hn-n-pI,
kthm--a-km-[-\-I-f-\p-jvTn-p-I, sNp-sXmw ]-]m-Xc
- l
- n-Xa
- mbpw \ymb-[a-sf
A\p-k-cnpw sNp-I, C{]-Im-c-ap km[-\I-sf-smp apnbpw CXn\p hn]-co-X-ambn
Cuiz-cmm ewL\w apX-emb Ia--fm
_-\hpw Dm-Ip-p.
apn-bn Poh
tNmZyw: apn-bn Pohm-flm-hns ebw
Dm-Ip-pthm AtXm Pohm-flmhp ebnmsX hn-p-pthm?
Dcw: Pohm-flmhp ebn-msX hnp-p.
tNmZyw: FhnsS hn-pp?
Dcw: {_-n hn-p-p.
tNmZyw: {_w Fhn-sSbmWv? ap-\mb
Poh Hcn-S-p-Xs nXn-sN-p-pthm
AtXm tkzm-Nm-cn-bmbn kh{X k-cnp-pthm?
Dcw: kh{X kqW- a mb {_n, ap Pohm- fl mhv XS- - a n- m- s X,
hnm\w, B\w Fn- h - b - \ p- ` hnv
kh{X hnl-cn-p-p.
tNmZyw: ap- P o- h \v qe- i - c ocw
Dtm?
Dcw: C.
tNmZyw: ]ns-ns\ kpJw AYhm
B\w A\p-`-hn-pp?
Dcw: AXns kXy- k - - e v]mZn
kzm`mhn-I-Kp-W-fpw kI-e-km-aYy-fpw
Dv. `uXn-I-kwkw am{Xta Cm-Xm-Ip-pq. t\mpI:
irWz t{im{Xw `h- X n, kv ] i- b
XzKv`-h-Xn, ]iy Nq`-h-Xn, ck-b
ck\m `h- X n, Pn{L {LmWw- ` - h Xn
a\zmt\m at\m `h-Xn, t_m[-b _pn`h-Xn, tNXbw n `h-Xy-l-phm-tWml-mtcm `hXn.
(i-X-]-Y. Im. 14) 6
tam- n `uXn- I - i - c o- c hpw C{nb
tKmfI-fpw Pohm-flm-hn-\n-. Pohm-flm-hns
kzm`m-hn-I-Kp-W- am{Xta Dq. apm-h- b n Pohm- fl mhp kzi- n- s Imp
tIp-hm B{K-ln-p-tm t{im{X-ambpw,
kv]in-p-hm tXmp-tm Xzm-bpw,
Imm-\n-n-p-tm t\{X-ambpw kzmZ-dn-tb-tm ck-t\-{n-b-am-bpw, aWw Adn-tb--
179
hnZyA-hn-Zy--_\w--tamw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
tm {LmtW-{n-b-am-bpw, k-ev]-hn-I-ev] sNp-tm a\-m-bpw, \n-bn-ptm _pn-bm-bpw, Hma-h-bvm Nnambpw, A`n-am-\n-p-hm Al-m-c-ambpw ]cnW-an-p-p. k-ev]-am-{X-amb ico-c-ambn `hnp-p. Pohm-flmhp ico-c-n-en-cn-p-tm
C{n-b-tKm-f-I--sf-smp Imcy- \nhln-p--Xp-t]mse tammh--bn Xs
in-sImv Fm B\---sfbpw A\p-`hn-p-p.
tNmZyw: AXns in-I Fs\
F{X hn[-n-ep--XmWv?
Dcw: {][m- \ - i n Hcp hn[- nte
Dq. Fm _ew, ]cm-{I-aw, BIj-Ww,
t{]c-W, KXn, `bw, hnth-N-\w, {Inb, Dmlw, kvac-W, \n-bw, C, kvt\lw, tZzjw,
kwtbm-Kw, hn`m-Kw, kwtbm-P-Iw, hn`m-P-Iw,
{ih- W w, kv ] i- \ w, Zi- \ w, kzmZ- \ w,
{LmWw, m\w Fn-s\ Ccp-]-n-\mep
hn[-n-ep kmaYy--tm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-XmWv
Poh. B kmaYyw sImp apn-bn B\s {]m]nv A\p-`-hn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p.
tam-n Poh\v \miw t\cn-Sp-sa-n
tam-kpJw A\p-`-hn-p--Xm-cmWv? tamsap ]d-b p-Xp Pohs \mi-a m- sWp
hnNm-cn-p--h alm aqV-m-cm-Wv. Fsm, Pohm-flmhv ZpxJ--fn \np tamNnv
B\--kz-cq-]hpw kh-hym-]-Ihpw A]-cn-n-hp-amb ]c-am-flm-hn B\--tm-Sp-IqSn
nXn sNp--Xn-s\-bmWv apn Fp ]dbp- - X v. Cu thZm- - i mco- c n- I - k q{Xw
t\mpI: A`mhw _mZ-cn-cml tlyhav (th.
Z. 4. 4. 10)
thZ-hym-ks ]nXm-hmb _mZcn apn-bn
Poh- s bpw AtXm- s Smw a\- n- s bpw
AkvXn-Xzs kzoI-cn-p-p. Poh\pw a\pw
ebn-p-sap ]cm-i-c AwKo-I-cn-p-n-.
C{n-bmZn ]ZmY--fpsS A`m-h-ap-p-Xm-\pw.
AXp-t]mse:
`mhw ssPan-\nhn-I-ev]m-a-\-\mXv (th. Z.
4.. 4. 11)
ssPan\n F BNm-cy tamw {]m]n
]pcp- j s a\- n- s - s b- - t ]m- s e- X s
kqva-i-cocw C{n-b-, {]mW apX-em-
b-hb
- p-sSbpw AkvXn-Xz-s-bm-Wv, A`m-hs
- b AwKo-I-cn-p--Xv.
ZzmZ-im-l-h-Zp-`-b-hn[w _mZ-cm-b-tWmXx
(th. Z. 4. 4. 12)
hymk-ap\n apn-bn `mhw A`mhw Fo
cn-s\bpw AwKo-I-cn-p-p. tam-n
Pohm-flm-hp-ip--amb kmaYy-tm-Sp-IqSn
hn-p-p. Fm AXn-ep A]hn{XX, ]m]m-Nc
- W
- w, ZpxJw, Am\w apX-em-bh
Cm-Xm-Ip-p.
bZm ]m-h-Xn-jvTt m\m\n a\km
kl _pn \ hntN-jvStX Xmamlpx
]camwKXnav (I-T. 2. 6. 10)
CXv D]-\n-j-Zz-N-\-am-Wv. ip-a-\kpw ]m-t\-{n-b-fpw Poh-t\m-Sp-IqSn Ftm
nXn-sN-p-p-thm, Ftm nc-\n--b-ap-Xm-Ip-pthm B Ah-tbbmWp ]c-a-KXn-sb-v-tam--sa-p--]-d-bp--Xv.
b Bflm A]-l-X-]m]vam hnPtcm hnarXypcvhntimtIm-hn-Pn-Ltmf]n]mkx kXyImax kXy-k-ev]x tkmft\zjvShyx k
hnPn-m-kn-Xhyxkcvhmw
temIm\m]vt\mXn kcvhmw--Im-am bkvXam-flm-\-\p-hnZy Zy hnPm\mXoXn (Om. D. 8.
7. 1. )
khm Gj GtX\ ssZth\ Npjm
a\-ssk-Xm Imam ]iy ca-tX. b GtX
{_-temtI Xwhm GXw tZhm Bflm-\-ap]m-ktX Xkvam-tjm Mv kcvth N temIm
Bmx kcvth N Imamx k kcvhmw
temIm-\m-]vt\mXn khmw Imam-\y-kvXam-flm-\-a-\p-hnZy hnPm-\m-Xo-Xn. (Nm-tm. 8.
12. 56)
aL- h - cv X y hm CZMv ico- c - a mw
arXyp\m XZkym arXkym ico-c-kym-fl-t\m[n-jvTm-\-amtm ssh ki-co-cmx.
{]nbm-{]n-bm`ymw \ ssh kio-cc
- ky kXx
{]nbm-{]n-btbmc]l-Xn-ckvXy icocw hmh
kw \ {]nbm-{]ntb kv]riXx (Om. D. 8.
12.1) A]-lX
- ]
- m-]vam-hm-b- A
- X
- m-bXv k-hn[
]m]-fpw Pcm-ac
- W
-
- fpw pXv]n-]m-kI
- fpw
Cm kXy-Im-a\
- pw kXy-k
- e
- v]\pw Bb
]c- a m- fl m- h n- s \- b mWv At\z- j n- t - - X v .
Ahs\ Adn-bp-hm-\mWv B{K-ln-t--Xv.
180
H]Xmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
181
hnZyA-hn-Zy--_\w--tamw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Dcw: AXy F ]Zw AXy-`mhs am{Xta Ipdn-mhq Fp \n_--an. ""AXy-w ZpxJ-a-Xyw kpJw hmky
hcvtX'' F- X n\v ""Cu a\p- j y\v
AXyw ZpxJhpw AXyw kpJhpw Dv''
Fm-WYw. AXy--ns AYw B[nIyam-sW-t{X CXn\np {Kln-m-hp--Xv.
Chn-sSbpw AXy--ns AYw B[n-Iyam-sWp {Kln--Ww.
apn-Imew
tNmZyw: Pohm-flmhv apn-bn \npw
aS-n-h-cp-sa-n F{X-Imew AXv apnbn Ignbpw?
Dcw: tX {_-temtI N ]cm--Imte
]cm-ar-XmXv ]cn-ap-Nyn kth (ap-WvU-I.
3. 2.6) apWvU-tIm-]-\n-j-n \nm-Wn-Xv.
tamw {]m]n Pohm-flm- alm-Iev]w
Ign-bp--Xp-hsc apm-h--bn {_m-\-a- \ p- ` - h n- - X n- \ p- t ijw apn- k p- J s
shSnv kwkm-c-n-tep hcpp.
C-d alm-I-ev]-ns IWv C{]Im-ca
- mWv: \mev]
- n-aq-p-e
- n Ccp-]X
- n\m-bncw sImw Hcp NXp-cypKw. cm-bncw
NXp-cyp-K- Hcp Atlm-cm-{Xw. Cs\
apXv Atlm-cm-{X- tNXv Hcp amkw.
As\ ]{p amk- IqSn-bXv Hcp
kwh--cw. Cs\ Hcp-\qdp kwh--c-
7
IqSn-b-XmWv Hcp ]cm--Im-ew.
CXns\
KWn-X-{]-Imcw IW-mn a\-n-em-n-smp-I. C{Xbpw ka-b-amWv apm-h--bn
B\--a-\p-`-hn-p--Xv.
tNmZyw:Fm {K- I m- c - m- c p- t Sbpw
temI-cp-tSbpw A`n-{]m-bw. P\-\-a-c-W--fntep Xncn-p-h-cm--Xm-Wv apn FmWtm?
Dcw: Akw-`-hy-am-Wn-Xv. Pohm-flm-hns
inbpw ico-cmZn ]ZmY-fpw D]-I-c-Wfpw ]cn-an-X-am-Wv. Ah-bp-sS-sbmw ^ew
A]- c n- a n- X - a m- b n- o- c p- - s X- - s \bmWv ?
B\w A\p-`-hn-p--Xn\v Af-h inbpw
I-a-km-aYyhpw D]-I-c-W-fpw Pohm-flmv C. AXn-\m A\--amb B\w
7 CXv 31 tImSn 10 en 4000 tImSn hj--fmWv
182
H]Xmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
km[\ NXp-jvSbw
1. hnth-Iw
tNmZyw: tam-km-[-\- Fs-mamWv?
Dcw: tam-km-[-\--fn NneXp ]dp-I-gnp. Fmepw Ch {it-b--fm-Wv.
apap-p- AXm-bXv tam-n-\m-{K-ln-p-h ZpxJ-^-e-ap-f-hm-p anYym-`m-j-Wm-ZnIsf shSnv kpJ-^-e- \Ip kXy`m-j-Wm-Zn-Isf \n-b-ambpw A\p-jvTn--Ww.
]m]m-N-cWw ZpxJ-n-sbpw [am-N-cWw
kpJ-n-sbpw aqe-Im-c-W-am-Wv. k-\-fpsS kwkKw-sImp kXym-k-Xy--sfbpw
[am-[a--sfbpw I-hym-I-hy-tfbpw thXn-cn-d
- n-bW
- w. ]noSv ico-c
- ns
AYhm Pohs ]tIm-i-sf hnth-Nn-dn-b-Ww.
]-tIm-i-
Xzp-ap-X An hsc-bp ]rYn-ho-ab
kapZm-bn-\mWv A-a-b-tImiw Fp-]-dbp--Xv. CXmWv Hm-a-t-Xv.
cm- a - t Xp {]mW- a - b - t Im- i - a m- W v .
AXn ({]m-W) AI-p-\np ]pd-tp
\nK-an-p hmbp (A-]m-\) ]pd-p-\nv
AI-tp {]th-in-p hmbp (k-am-\)
\m`n-bn Ccpv ico-c-am-k-Iew cks
hym]n-n-p hmbp, (D-Zm-\) A-]m-\sf Dn-tev BIjn-p-Ibpw _e-]-cm{I-a-sf Df-hm-p-Ibpw sNp hmbp, (hym\) Poh ico- c - m sNp Fm
tNjvS-I-fpsSbpw Imc-W-amb hmbp Fn-hsbmw nXnsN-p-p.
aqm-a-tXv at\m-a-b-tIm-i-am-Wv. hmv,
]mZw, ]mWn, ]mbp, D]-w, Fo Ap
Ita-{n-b-fpw Al-m-chpw a\-tm-Sp-IqSn
nXn sNp-p.
\mem- a - t Xv hnm- \ - a - b - t Im- i w.
AXn _pn, Nnw, Fn-hbpw t{im{Xw,
Np-kv, Xzv, Pnlz, \mknI Fo mt\{n-b-fpw nXn-sN-p-p. Ah-sb-smv
Poh m\m-Zn-hy-h-lm-c- \nh-ln-pp.
Am-a-tXv B\--a-b-tIm-iw. AXn
{]oXn, {]k--X, Ipdthm IqSp-Xtem Bb
B\w Fn-hbpw Ah-bvm-[m-c-amb {]IrXnbpw Ccn-p-p.
Ch- b mWp ]- t Im- i - . Ch- b mWp
Pohm-flm-hns Fm Ia, D
- ]
- m-k\
- m, m\mZn-I-fpsS \nh-l-W-n-\p-X-Ip--h.
183
hnZyA-hn-Zy--_\w--tamw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Pm{K-v, kz]v\ kpjp]vXn Fn-h-sbbmWv aqv Ah--I-sfp ]d-bp--Xv.
icocw \mep hn[-n-ep-v. Ah-bn-semv
Cm-Wp qe-i-co-c-am-Wv.
cm- a - t Xv Ap{]m- W , Ap
mt\-{n-b-, Ap-kq-va-`q-X-.
a\-v, _pn Fo ]Xn-t\gp XXz--fpsS
kap-Zm-b-amb kqva-i-co-c-am-Wv. P\-\-a-c-W- f n Pohm- fl m- h ns IqsS- b p- Xv Cu
kqva-i-co-c-am-Wv. Cu kqva-i-cocw cphn-[-n-ep-v. Hp `uXn-I-am-Wv. kqva-`q-X-fpsS Awi--fm-ep-m-n-b-Xm-W-Xv. atXns t]cv kzm`m-hn-I-sa-m-Wv. CXv Pohs
kzm`m-hn-I-Kp-W-cq-]-am-Ip-p. Cu kqva-icocw apn-bnepw \ne-\n-evp-p. apn-kpJw
CXp-sIm-mWv A\p-`-hn-p--Xv.
aqm-a-tXp Imc-W-i-co-cw. kpjp]vXn
AYhm KmV-\n{Z Dm-Ip-Xv AXn-em-Wv.
AXp {]Ir-Xn-cq-]-am-I-bm hn`phpw Fm
Pohm-flm-pw IqSn GI-hp-am-Wv.
\mem-a-tXv Xpco-bw. AXn-en-cpv Pohmflmhv kam-[n-bn-eqsS ]c-am-flm-hns B\-n apgp- I p- p. Cu kam- [ n- k w- k v I m- c wsImpmIp ip-i-co-c-ns ]cm-{I-aamWv 9 ssIh-eymh--bnepw klm-b-I-amIp--Xv. Cu tImi--fn \npw Ah--Ifn \npw Xopw `n-amWv Pohm-flm-hv.
Poh Ah--I-fn \nsmw thsd-bm-sWs-m-hpw Adn-bmw. acWw kw`-hn-ptm Poh t]mbn FmWv Ghcpw ]d-bp-Xv. Cu Poh Xs-bmWv Fm-n-sbpw
t{]c-I-\pw. [mc-I-\pw, kmn-bpw, Im-hpw,
t`mm-hpw. Poh Imhpw t`mm-hp-asv Bsc-nepw ]d-bp-p-sh-n Ah\v
Adn-hn-. hnth-I-hp-an-, Pohm-flm-hn-s-n
ap PU-]-Z-smpw kpJ-Zpx-J-fpsS A\p-`-hhpw ]pWy-]m-]--fpsS IXrXzhpw Dm-hp-I-tb-bn-. Mvlm! Ch-bpsS
_-mX-s-bmhmw Poh ]m]-]p-Wy- f psS Imhpw kpJ- Z px- J - - f psS
t`mmhpw BIp-Xv! C{n-b- AY-fn-epw. a\kv C{n-b--fnepw Bflmhp a\9 ]cm-{Iaw cqVmY-a-. asm-n-tev Ib-dn--
BWn-Xv. Cuizc Poh-t`-Z-ns knmw ChnsS
IqSp-X kv]jvS-am-p-p.
2. sshcmKyw
cm- a s km[\w sshcm- K y- a m- W v .
hnthIw sImp kXym-k-Xy-sf thXn-cn-dnp kXym-N-c-Ws kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw
Ak-Xym-N-c-Ws XyPn-p-Ibpw sNp-XmWv sshcm-Kyw.
3. jUvI kn
aqm- a s km[\w jUv I - k - - n
AYhm iaw apX-emb Bdp-hn-[-n-ep Ia-fpsS A\p-jvTm-\-am-Wv. Bflm-hn-s\bpw
Ax-Ic
- W
- s
- bpw A[am-Nc
- W
-
- n \nv
AIn kZm [am-\p-jvTm-\-n {]hn-np--XmWv iaw,. Bdp Ia--fn BZytXv CXm-Wv. cm-a-tXv Zaw AXm-b-Xv,
t{im{Xw XpS-nb C{n-b--sfbpw ico-ctbpw hy-`n-Nm-cmZn ZpjvIa-f
- n \n-In
PntX-{n-bXzw t\SpI XpS-nb \ Ia-fn {]hn-n--Ww. aqmatXv D]-c-nbmWv . ]m]w sNp- - h - c n \nv kZm
AIp \n-Ww. \mem-a-tXv XnXn-.
\nm-kvXp-Xn-Ifpw em`-\-jvS-fpw F{X-Xs
kw`- h n- mepw kpJ- Z px- J - - f n- msX kZm
tamtm]m-b
- f
- nXs Bk-\
- m-bn-cn-p- X mWv XnXn- . Ama- t - X n\v {i
Fp t]. thZm-Zn-k-Xy-im-kv{X--fnepw B
imkv{X--fpsS m\w sImp ]q-hn-Zzmm-cm-bn-p-ff B]vX-m-cp-sS--kXyw D]-tZ-inp--h-cp-sS--h-N-\--fn am{Xw hniz-kn-p-
184
H]Xmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
sb-bmWp {ih-W-N-Xp-jvS-b-sa-p-]-d-bp-Xv.
t{Im[w, amen-\yw, aSn, {]amZw apX-emb
Xtam-Kp-W- Cujy,-tZz-jw, Imaw, A`nam-\w, hnt]w XpS-nb ctPm-Kp-W-
Fnh shSnv im-X, ]cn-ip-n, hnZym-hnNmcw apX-emb kmXzn-I-Kp-W- kzoI-cn-Ww.
(ssa{Xn) kp-jvS-cn kvt\lw, (Icp-W)
Zp:JnX-cn Zb. (apZn-Xm) ]pWym-flm-sf
ImWp-tm ktm-jw. (Dt]-m) ZpjvStcmSv A{]o-Xn, sshcan-mbva Fn-hbpw kzoIcn--Ww. 10apapp Znh-khpw cp-a-Wn-qdn Ipd-bmsX [ym\w sN-Ww. Atm
AIs a\pw ap ]Zm-fpw kmmXvI-cn-mw.
BXvamhpw ico-chpw `nw
t\mq! \mw tNX-\-kz-cq-]n-I-fm-Wv. AXn\m m\-kz-cq-]n-Ifpw a\-ns kmnI-fp-am-Wv. Fs-m a\v im-tam, Netam A\-]
- qW-tam, hnjm-Zb
- p-tam BIptm AXns\ \mw \-hw Adn-bp-p.
AXp-t]mse \mw C{n-b- {]mW apXem-b-hsb Adnbp--hcpw app I-Xns\
Hma-sh-p--h-cpw, Htc ka-bv At\Iw
kwK-Xn-Isf Adnphbv-p--hcpw [mcWw
BIj-Ww, Fnh sNp--hcpw, Ch-bn
\nsmw `n-cp-am-Wv. `n-c-s-n kzX-{ambn Iaw sNp-h
- t- cm, AXns t{]c-Itcm
A[n-jv-Tm-Xmtfm Bhp-Itb Cm-bn-cp-p.
]-t-i-
Ahn-Zym-kvanXm cmK-tZzjm-`n-\n-thimx
] timx (tbm. Z. 2. 3) Ch-bn Ahn-ZybpsS kzcq]w ]dp Ign-p. 11 thdn-n-cnp _pn Bflm-hn \np `n-a-sp
a\-n-em-p--XmWv Akvan-X--kp-J-n-t\mSp CjvS
- n\v cmK-sapw ZpxJ-n-t\m-Sp
CjvS
- n\v tZzj-sapw ]d-bp-p. Rm kZm
ico-c
- n Xs nXn-sN-pw, Hcn-epw acnp- I - b n F Pohn- X mi kIe PohnIpw Ftmgpw Dv. ac-W-Zpx-J-tm-Sp
`b-amWv A`n-\nt-th-iw. Cu Ap ti-10 ssa{Xo-I-cpWm apZn-tXm-t]-m-Wmw...... (tbm. Z. 1.38)
11 t]Pv 366 t\mpI
185
hnZyA-hn-Zy--_\w--tamw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
sfbpw tbmKm- ` ym- k w- s Impw hnm\w
sImpw AI-n-bnv {_s {]m]nv apnbpsS ]c-am-\w A\p-`-hn-t--Xm-Wv.
tNmZyw: \nv kzoIm-cy-amb apnb-tm ap--h-cp-tS-Xv. t\mq. ssP\-a-Xmv tam-in-e-bn AYhm inh-]p-cn sNp au\-ambn Ccn-p--XmWv
apn. \mem-as BIm-i-n sNv
hnhm-lw, Ie-lw, ]mpw-sIm-pw, \ hkv{X[m-cWw apX-em-b-h-bm B\-n-p--XmWv
tam-sap {InkvXp-a-X-m Icp-Xp-p.
AXp- t ]mse Ggm- a s BIm- i - n
sNp kpJn-p--XmWv tam-sap apl-Zo-b Icp-Xp-p. hma-amKn-I {io]p-cn-epw, ssih- ssIem-k
- n-epw, sshjvWh- sshIp-WvT
- nepw tKmIpe hmkn-If
- mb
tKmkm-bn-am tKmtem-I-nepw sNv hninjvS-kv{Xo-I, A-]m-\o-b, hkv{X, hmk-e
-
- apX-em-bh
- sb {]m]nv
B\-n-p--Xn-s\-bmWv tam-sap IcpXp--Xv. ]ucm-Wn-I-cm-Is (kmtem-Iyw)
Cuiz-cs temI-n hkn-p-I, (km-\pPyw) A\p-Ps
- \-tmse Cuiz-cs IqsS Xmakn-p-I, (km-cq-]yw) D]m-ky-tZ-hs cq]w
{]m]n-p-I, (km-ao-]yw) tkh-I-s\-tmse
Cuiz-cs kao-]
- n nXn sNpI (kmbq-Pyw) Cuiz-c-t\mSp IqSn-t-cpI Cs\
\mep 12 hn[-n-ep--XmWp tam-sap
Icp-Xp-p. ]c-{_--n ebn-p--XmWp
tam-sa-p thZm-n-Ifpw hniz-kn-p-p.
Dcw: ]{mw kap-m-k-n ssP\cp-sSbpw ]Xn-aqmw kap-m-k-n apkam-m-cp-sSbpw apn apX-emb hnj-b
- s
- f-n
hnkvXc
- n-s-gp-Xmw. hma-amKn-I {io]p-c
- n
sNp evao-tZ-hn-sb-tm-ep kv{XoI-sfbpw
aZy-amw-kmZn `-Wk
- m-[\
-
- s
- fbpw kwKo-XmZn-kp-J--tfbpw A\p-`-hn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-XmWp apn-sbp Icp-Xp-Xv Cu temI-sm Hpw sa- a - . AXp- t ]m- s e- X - s ,
ssIem-k-ntem sshIp-WvT-ntem sNv,
inh-s-tbm, hnjvWp-hn-stbm BIr-Xn-tbm12 ChnsS Aphn[ apn-I ]d-bp-p. D-c-n
kmcq-]y-s-n ]d-bp-n-. km\qPyw ]ucm-Wn-I
\nt-in-p-p-an-. aqe-]m-T-n Ftm XI-cm-dpm-b-Xm-hmw.
186
H]Xmw kap-mkw
BWv. ka-b-am-Ip-tm P-sa-Sp-p-p.
]qhP kvacW
tNmZyw: Pw Htm At\-Itam?
Dcw: At\Iw
tNmZyw: At\-Ia-- m-sW-n ]qh-P-w,
acWw Fn-h-sb-n Hma-h-cm--sXv?
Dcw: Pohm- fl mhv Aev ] - - \ m- W v .
{XnIm-e-m-\n-b-. AXn-\m Hma Dm-hpn-. m\w \Ip a\v Htc-k-abw
cv Adn-hp-I Hnp {Kln-p-hm ia. ]qh-PImcy- kvacn-p--Xns IY
Ccn--s, Cu P-n, Poh K`-n
hv ico-c-ap-mbn P\n-v, Ap-h-bp hsc
Dmb Imcy--sfmw kvacn-m-\m-Im--sXmWv? Pm{K-nepw kz]v\-nepw hf-sc-mcy- {]- X y- - a mbn Adn- nv Ahsb
kpp-]vXn-K
- m-V\
- n-{Z-b
- n kvacn-m-\m-Im-sX-mWv? IqSmsX Hcp ]o-cmv aps
]Xn- a qmw sIm- nse Amw amkw
HXmw XobXn ]p aWn Hcp an\n-n\v
\n Fp sNbvXp-sIm-n-cpp? B kabp \n-fpsS apJw, ssIv, sNhn, Iv
icocw Ch-sbmw Ftmv Xncn-n-cpp?
a\-n Fp hnNm-cn-p-sIm-n-cpp? Fp
tNmZn-p--Xm-bm \n Fp adp-]Sn
]dbpw? Cu P-nse IY-bn-Xm-sW-n
]q-P hrm---fpsS kvac-W-sb-n
kwi-bn-p-Xv shdpw _me-Nm-]-ey-am-Wv. B
kvacW Dm-Im-Xn-cn-p-Xp Xs-bmWv
Pohm-flm-hn\p kpJw. As-n ]q P
ZpxJnp acn- p- I - t b- b p- q. ]qh- P - - nsebpw hcpw P-n-sebpw Imcy--f-dn-bm
B{K-ln-mepw AX-km-[y-am-Wv. Fs-m,
Pohm-flmhv Aev]-\pw Aev]-kz-cq-]n-bp-amWv. AXn-\m Cmcyw Cuiz-c-\-msX Pohmflm-hn\v Adn-bm-hp--X-.
hnkvar-X-Ia--fpsS ^ew
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Dcw: m\w F{X- h n- [ - n- e p- s mWv hnNm-cn-p-Xv?
tNZyw: {]-XymZn {]am-W--fm Fphn-[-sa-v.
Dcw: Fn P\\w apX Hmtcmkabv, A[n-Im-cw, k-v, _pn, ]Tn-v,
Zmcn{Zyw, _pn-bn-m-bva, aqVX apX-emb
kpJZpxJ {]m]vXn-Isf I-dnv ]p\-ns Adnhv Dm-Im-Xn-cnp--sX-psImv? t\mq. sshZy-\pw, sshZy-\-m-bm- f n\pw Htc tcmKw ]nSn- s ]- S p- p. tcmKns \nZm\w AYhm ImcWw sshZy Adnbp- p. sshZy- \ - m- - b m Adn- b p- n- .
sshZy BbpthZw A`y-kn-n-p-.v at-bm
A`y-kn-n-n F-XmWv Imc-Ww, ]\n apXemb km[m-cW tcmK- ]nSn-s]-Sp-tm
CXn\p ImcWw ]Yy-t-SmWv Fv sshZy-\m--bm-fn\pw a\-n-em-mw. CXp-t]mse
temI-n hnhn[ kpJ-Zpx-J--fpsS G-pdhp Iv ]qh-P-s A\p-am-\n--dn-bm-sX- p- s Im- mWv ? IqSmsX ]qh- P w
Dsv AwKo-I-cn-m ]w Cuiz-c
]- ] m- X o- b mbno- c pw. ]m]w sNmsX
Zmcn{Zyw aqVX apX- e mb ZpxJ- - s fbpw
]qhmPn-X-amb ]pWyw IqSmsX A[n-Imcw
kv XpS-nb kpJ-sfbpw Pohm-flmhn\p \ev I n- b - s X- s\? ]qh- P - - n
sNbvXn-p ]pWy-]m-]
- -\p-kc
- nv kpJZpx-J- \evIp-tm-gm-Is Cuiz-c \ymbIm-cn-bmbn hn-p-p.
tNmZyw: Hcp Pw am{Xta Ds-n-cnnepw Cuiz-c\v \ymb-Im-cn-bm-bn-cn-m
Ign-bpw. khm-[n-]-\mb cmPmhv sNp-sXmw \ymbw Xs-bm-Wv. tXm-m-c
Xs tXm- n sNdpXpw hep- X p- a mb
hr- \p-h-fp-p. Ah-bn NneXns\ Ah shn sNdp-Xm-p-p. Nne-Xns\
]ngpXp If- b p- p. Nne- X ns\ cnv
hfn-he
- p-Xm-pp. ssIh-i
- p-X
- ns\
Cjv S w t]mse sNmw. ampw AXp
tNmZn-m Ah-Im-ia
- n-. Cuiz-c kthm]-cn-bmb \ymbm-[n-]-\m-Wv. amcpw At-ls inn-p-I-bn-. Bscbpw Cuiz-c\p
`b-s-Sm-\p-an-.
Dcw: Cuiz-cs al-Xzhpw ]qPy-X-bpw,
hnZyA-hn-Zy--_\w--tamw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
\ymbw CjvS-s-Sp--Xnepw sNp--Xnepw
A\ymbw sNm-Xn-cn-p--Xnepw A[n-jvTn-Xam-Wv. \ymb-tSv sNbvXm Cuiz-c AmXm- I pw. tXm- m- c bpn- b n- msX hgnbntem atmacw hfp-Ibpw sh-cp-Xm-hsb shp-Ibpw ]mgva-c- hfp-Ibpw
\-a-c- hfm-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sNp-]w \nn-X-\m-hp-Itb Dq. AXp-t]mse
AIm-c-W-ambn {]hn-m Cuiz-c-\nepw
B tZmjw hcpw. Cuiz-c \ymbm-\p-kr-X-ambn-s {]hn--Ww, Cuiz-c kz`mth\ ]hn-{X\pw \ymb-Im-cn-bp-am-Wv. AXn-\m
D--s\-tmse hXpw sNbvXm temInse \ \ymbm-[n-]-t\-m Xmgv-h\pw
A\m-Z-c-Wo-b-\p-am-bn-tm-Ipw. tbmKy-Xtbm
kXvam-\p-jvTm-\tam Cm--bm-fn\v _lpam- \ hpw Zpjv I r- X y- sNm- - b m- f n\v
inbpw \Ip- - b m \ny\pw At{ijvT\pw BhpI-bnt? AXn-\m Cuiz-c Hcnepw A\-bmkw {]hn-p-n-. Xnanw Xs Bscbpw `b-s-Sp-p-an-.
tNmZyw: Cuiz-c Bp F{X sImSpm-sav apIqn Xocp-am-\n--{Xbpw \IpIbpw Fp-sN--W-sap Xocp-am-\n-Xp
sNp-Ibpw sNp-p.
Dcw: Cuiz- t c Pohm- fl m- - f psS
Ias A\p-k-cn-n-cn-p-p, adn--, Asn Cuiz-c A]-cm-[nbpw A\ym-b-m-c-\pam-Ipw.
tNmZyw: kpJ-Zpx-J- hen-b-hpw
sNdn-bh
- pw Xpey-am-Wv., hen-bh
- v henb-hn-Nm-cw, sNdn-b-hp sNdn-b-hn-Nmcw
A{Xtb hyXym-k-ap-q. Hcp henb hym]mcnv tImS-Xn-bn ew cq]-bpsS tIkpm- b n- c pp Fp hnNm- c n- p- I . B
tIkns Bh-iy-n\v th\m-ev ]n Ibdn Am-Sn-bnqSn tImS-Xn-bnte-p t]mIp-p, Abm Ans\ t]mIpXp Inv Adn-h n-m P\- ]dbpp: ""t\mp-I, ]pWy-]m-]
- f
- psS ^ew.
Hcp- ]-n kpJ-ambn Ccn-p-p. ap- h sNcp- p- t ]mepw CSmsX apI- f n
\npw Xmsg-\npw NqSpw klnv ]p
Npa-p-sImp \S-p-p.'' Fm tImSnXn
ASp-p-tmdpw hym]m-cnp hnj-ahpw kwi-
188
H]Xmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Poh Xpeyw
tNmZyw : a\p-jy-tbpw arK--fp-tSbpw
ico-c-nse Poh Htc C\tam AtXm
sht-tdtbm?
Dcw : Pohm-flm- Htc C\w Xs,
Fm ]m]-]p-Wy--f-\p-k-cnv aen-\hpw
]hn-{X-hp-am-bn-cn-p-p.
hn`n-t- bm-\n-I
tNmZyw :-- a\pjys Poh arKm-Zn-If
- nepw
Ah-bpsS Poh a\p-jy-\nepw kv{Xo Poh
]pcp-j-\nepw ]pcp-j-Po-h kv{Xo ico-cnepw hcn-Ibpw t]mIp-Ibpw sNptam?
Dcw : sNpw, ]m]w hn-p-Ibpw
]pWyw Ipd-bp-Ibpw sNp-tm a\p-jymflmhv arKmZn \oN-tbm-\n-bnepw [w A[nIhpw ]m]w Ipd-hp-am-Ip-tm tZh-m-cpsS
AXm-bXv hnZzmam-cpsS -ic
- o-cs
- bpw {]m]np- p. ]pWy- ] m] XpeyamIp- t m
km[m-cW a\p-jy-Pw e`n-p-p. AXn
Xs D-a a[y-a \nIrjvS ico-cmZn kma{KnI e`npw. ]m]m-[n-Iys arK-i-co-c--
fn A\p-`-hn-sm-S-p-nb tijw ]pWy]m] Xpey-am-Ip-tm hopw a\p-jy-i-cocs {]m]n-pp. CXp-t]mse A[n-I-]pWys A\p-`-hn--tijw aykvYamb a\pjy-i-co-c-sbpw {]m]n-p-p.
ac-Whpw Phpw
Poh ico-c-n\np t]mIp--Xn-s\bmWv ac-W-sap ]d-bp--Xv. ico-c-hp-ambn
Poh kwtbm-Pn-n-p-X
- ns t]cmWv Pw.
Poh thsp Ign-m bam-e-b-n
AYhm BIm-i--amb hmbp-hn hkn-pp. ""bat\ hmbq\m'' 14 Fp thZ-hm-Iyap--Xn-\m ba hmbp-hm-Wv. Kcp-U-]p-cm-Wnse ba- \ - . Cu hnj- b - s - n ]Xns\mmw kap-m-k-n hni-Z-ambn \ncq]Ww sNp- - X m- W v . ]noSv [a- c m- P
AYhm kth-iz-c B Po-hs ]m]-]pWy--f-\p-k-cnv AXn\v Pw \Ip-p.
B Poh Cuiz-cs t{]c-W-bm hmbp,
Aw, Pew Fn-h-bn-eqsStbm AYhm icoc-n-ep On{Z--fnIqSntbm A\y-i-co-cn {]th-in-p-p. ]noSv {Ita-W-ho-cynepw K`-nepw nXn sNbvXv, icocw
[cn-nv ]pdp hcp-p. Hcp kv{XobpsS
icocw [cn- hn- [ - a p Ia-
sNbvXn-p ]w kv{Xo ico-c-nepw Hcp
]pcp-js ico-c-e-_v[np X-Ia--fmWp
sNbvXn-p--sX-n ]pcp-j-i-co-c-nepw
{]th-in-p-p. \]pw-k-I-am-bn- P-\n-p-Xv
K`m-[m\ ka-bp kv{Xo ]pcpjmcpsS
ico- c - k wtbmKm- e p- m- I p cPkpw
tcXkpw Xpey-am-I-bm-em-Wv. Pohm-flmhv Da-amb Iaw, D]m-k-\, PvRm\w Fn-h-bm
tamw km-Zn-p--Xp-hsc C-s\-bp
hnhn[ P\- \ - a - c - W - - f n InS- p- g - e p- p.
Fm D-a-amb Ia-fpw apw A\p-jvTnm a\p-jy-cn DXvIr-jvS-amb Pw e`n-pIbpw tam-n alm-Iev] Imew hsc P\\-a-cW ZpxJ--sfm-pw- Iq-SmsX B\--n
hn-m-hp--Xp-am-Wv.
tNmZyw: apIXn Hcp Pw sImtm
14 bPqcvthZw 38.9 \v iX-]Yw 14.2.2.11 se hymJym-\w.
bta tbm f bw (hm-bp) ]htX Fp ImWp-p.
189
hnZyA-hn-Zy--_\w--tamw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
At\Iw P- sImtm e`n-p-Xv?
Dcw : At\Iw P- sImv.
`nZytX lrZ-b-{K-n-n-Zyt kcvh-kwibmx; obt Nmky IamWn Xkvan
ZrjvtS-]-cm-h-tc. (ap.-D.2.2.8)
Cu Pohm-flm-hns lrZ-b-nse AhnZy
AYhm Am-\-am-Ip _w Ap-t]m-IpIbpw kI-e-kw-i-b-fpw \in-p-Ibpw ]m]Ia- bn-p-Ibpw sNp-tm am{Xta
Cu Poh AIpw ]pdpw Fpw hym]nn-cn-p ]c-am-flm-hn \nh-kn-p-Ibpq.
apn, ebtam?
tNmZyw: apn-bn Pohm-flmhv ]c-amflm-hn ebn-p-t]m-Iptam AtXm thdnv
nXn-sN-p-pthm?
Dcw :- thdnv nXn-sN-p-p.-Po-h
ebnp t]mbm ]ns apn-kpJw A\p-`hn-p--Xmcv ? tam-km-[-\-I-sfmw \njv^e- - f m- h p- I bpw sNpw. AXp apn- b - .
Pohs {]f-ba
- m-sWv a\-n-em-W
- w. Poh
Cuiz-cs Bm-]m-e-\w, kXvIa-
kwKw, tbmKm-`ymkw Fn-h-sN-p-Ibpw
app ]d km[-\-I-sfmw A\p-jvTn-pIbpw sNp-tm am{Xta tamw e`n-pp-q.
kXyw m\- a - \ w {_tbm thZ
\nlnXw Kplmbmw ]c- t a- t hym- a ;
tkmiv\ptX khm Imam kl
{_Wm hn]-n-tXXn (ssX. D.{_ h. 1)
Xs _pn-bnepw Bflm-hnepw nXn-sNp kXy-hpw, m\hpw A\--amb B\-kz-cq-]-\p-amb ]c-am-flm-hns\ Adn-bp
Pohm-flmhv kh-hym-]n-bmb B {_-n
Ccpv B hn]-nv AYhm A\--hn-Zymbp--amb {_-tm-sSm-cp-anv Fm Ima-sfbpw AXm-bXv B{K-ln-p B\---sfsbmw {]m]n-p-p. CXmWv apn.
tNmZyw: ico-ca
- n-msX euIn-Ik
- p-J
-
A\p-`-hn-m Ign-bm--Xp-t]mse apnbn ico- c - a n- msX Fs\ kpJ- a - \ p- ` hnpw?
15 t]Pv 374 kh-Xz-am-[n-Im-cn-Iav F aoamwkm kq{X{]-Imcw ]qW-m-\nv m\-h-\hv F{X-bmImtam A{Xbpw sImv ]qW-Xs
- b-Y-am-Wv.
kzKhpw \c-Ihpw
apn-bn Pohm-flmhp \na-e-\m-I-bm
]qW-m-\n-bm-hp-Xpw, Adn-b-s-Sm
kI-e]
- Z- mY-f
- p-sSbpw bYmY-m\w e`np--Xp-amWv Cu kpJ-hn-ti-j-ns\ kzKsapw hnj-bX
- r-jvWbnsv A\p-`h
- n-p
ZpxJ hnti-j-n\v \c-I-sapw ]d-bpp.
kzx, kpJ-\m-aam-Wv. kzx kpJw KXn bkvan
k kzcvKx AtXm hn]-cotXm ZpxJ t`mKm
\cI CXn'' kmwkm- c n- I - k pJw kmam\y
kzKhpw ]c-{_--{]m-]vXn-bn \np-f-hmIp ]c-am-\w hnti-j-kzKhpw BWv.
Pohm-flm--sfmw kpJw {]m]n-m\pw ZpxJ ZqcoI-cn-m\pw kz`m-th\ A`n-e-jn-pp. ]t ]m]-sf XyPn-p-Ibpw [aw
A\p-jvTn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp XpS-p--Xp-hsc
Ahp kpJw Inp-Itbm ZpxJw Cm-Xm-hpItbm C. Fs-m ImcWw \ne-\n-evptm AXv Hcn-epw \in-p-n-. Ont
aqte hrtm \iyXn XYm ]mt]-otW
ZpxJw \iy-Xn,
thc hrw \in-p-p. AXp-t]mse ]m]a-I-n-bm ZpxJhpw \in-pw.
]m]-]p-Wy- KpW-
]pWy-]m-]
- f
- psS hnhn[ KXn-It- f-n a\pkvarXnbn hWn-p-Xp t\mpI:
1. am\kw a\-ssk-hm-b-ap-]-`pwt ip`mf
190
H]Xmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
191
hnZyA-hn-Zy--_\w--tamw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
ep-tm, Bflm-hnepw a\nepw hnthIw
Cm-Xm-Ip-tm, hnj-bm-k-hpw {]Xn-I-cW-cl
- n-Xhpw Bbn m\-k
- m-Z\
-
- n\p IgnbmsX hcp-tm Fn Xtam-KpWw {][m\-am-sWpw kXz-KpWw ctPm-KpWw Fnh
A{]-[m-\--fm-sWpw \n-b-am-n-sm-f-fWw.
8. Cu aqp KpW-f
- p-tSbpw Daw, a[yaw
A[aw Fo ^e-{]m-]vXn-Is
- f-n ]qW-ambn
]dbmw.
9. thZ--fpsS Ay-b-\w, [am-\p-jvTm-\w,
m\-h-\-hv. ]cn-ip--X-bvp-ff C,
C{n-b-\n-{K-lw, [a-hr-n, Bfl-Nn-\w
Fn-h-bmWv kXz-Kp-W-ns e-Ww.
10. ctPm-KpWw _e-h-m-Ibpw kXz-KpWw
Xtam-KpWw Fnh Ipd-bp-Ibpw sNp-tm
Iam-cw-`-n Dm-lw, ss[cyan-m-bva,
ZpjvIr-Xy--fn {]hr-n, hnj-b-kp-Jm-\p-`h-n \nc--c-amb B{Klw Fn-h-sbmw
DmIpw Atm Xn ctPm-KpWw {][m\-am-bn-cn-p-sv Adn-b-Ww.
11. Xtam- K pWw {]_- e - h pw, ap cpw
oWn-Xhpw BIp-tm ]m]--fp-sS-sbmw
aqe-amb tem`w hn-pw. ISp Ae-k-X,
Dd-w, ss[cy-cm-ln-Xyw, {IqcX, \mkvXn-Iyw-th-Z--fnepw Cuiz-c-\nepw {i-bn-m-bva
Ax-I-c-W-ns hn`n--hr-n-IGIm-{KNn-a
- n-mbva, Zpxkz-`m-h
- f
- n{]Xn-]n apXem-bh Dm-Ip-p. Ch-sbmw hn XtamKp-W
- ns e-W
- f
- m-sWp {Kln-W
- w.
12. AXp-t]mse Ah-\h
- s Bflmhv GsXnepw Hcp {]hrn sNbvX-Xn-\p-ti-jtam
sNp-tmtgm sNp-hm hnNm-cn-p-tmtgm
e, `bw, i Fn-h-bp-m-bm XtamKpWw hn-n-cn-p-sp a\-kn-em--Ww.
13. GsX-nepw Iaw sImv temI-{]-ikvXn-t\-Sp-hm B{K-ln-p-Ibpw Zmcn{Zyw
Ds-nepw kvXpXn-]m-TI
- mv ]Ww \IpXv \nm- X n- c n- p- I bpw sNp- t m
Xn ctPm-KpWw {]_-e-am-sW-pw Adn-bWw.
14. a\p-jys Bflmhv Fm-bn-S-p-\npw
Adn-hp-t\-Sp-hm B{K-ln-p-I-bpw, kXvIrXyfn e-bn-m-Xn-cn-p-I-bpw, Bflm-
hns {]k--X-bvp-X-Ip Iaw sNp-Ibpw, AXm-bXv [am-N-c-W-n am{Xw A`ncpNn Dm-hp-Ibpw sNp-tm Xn kXzKpWw {]_-e-sav a\-kn-em--Ww.
15. Xtam-Kp-W-ns eWw Ima-am-Wv.
ctPm-Kp-W-ns eWw [\-k-m-Z-\-n\p-ff A`n-em-jh
- pw, kXz-Kp-W
- ns eWw
[am-\p-jvTm-\-hp-am-Wv. Xtam-Kp-W-t-m
ctPm-Kp-W-hpw, ctPm-Kp-W-t-m kXz-KpWhpw t{ijvT-am-Ip-p.
kXzm-Zn-Kp-W-fpw Phpw
GtXXp KpW- GtXXv KXn-bn-tev
Pohs\ \bn-pp Fv FgpXmw:
1. tZhXzw kmXznIm bmn a\p-jy-Xzw
N cmPkmx, Xncvzw Xmakm \nXy-antXyjm {Xnhn[m KXnx
2. mhcmx Iran IoSm--aymx kcv]m-I--]mx 16 , ]i-h--ar-Km-ssizh PL\ym-Xm-ako KXnx.
3. lkvXn-\ Xpcw-Km-- ip{Zm tm
KcvlnXmx knwlm-hym{Lm hcm-lm a[yam -Xm-ako KXnx.
4. Nmc-Wm kp]cvWm ]pcp-js
- sh
Zmw`nImx, cmwkn N ]nim-Nm Xma-kojq-am KXnx.
5.Xv[m am \Sm-ssh ]pcp-jmx- i-kv{Xhr-bmx ZyqX-]m-\-{]-k-m PL-\ym-cmPko KXnx
6. cmPm\x {Xn-bm-ssh cmmw
ssNh ]ptcm-lnXmx hmZ-bp {][m-\m
ayam cmPko KXnx.
7. Kcvhm KplyIm bm hn_p-[m-\pN-cm-tbx, XssY-hm-]vk-ckx kcvhm cmPko-jq--am-KXnx.
8. Xm]km bXtbm hn{]mtb N ssham\nIm KWmx, \{XmWn N ssZXym
{]Yam kmXznIo KXnx.
9.-bP
- zm\ Ejtbm tZhm thZm tPymXowjn
hcmx, ]nXm-c-ssh km[ym-- Zzn-Xobm
kmXznIo KXnx.
10. {_m hniz-krtPm [cvtam alm-\-hy16 a\p-kvar-Xn-bn kcv]mx kI-]x Fp ]mTw
192
H]Xmw kap-mkw
-ta-hN, Daw kmXzn-Io-taXmw KXn-amlpcva-\o-jWx
11. C{n-bmWmw {]kw-tK\ [cva-kym-tkh-t\-\N, ]m]m kwbmn kwkm-cm-\-hnZzmwtkm \cm-[amx (a-\p.12.40.42-50, 52)
(a-\p.12.40,42--50,52)
1. kmXzn-I-cmb a\p-jy tZham-cp-sSbpw
hnZzmam-cp-sS-bpw cmtPm-Kp-W
- m a-[y-ac
- mb
a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw, Xtam-Kp-W
- m A[-ac
- p-tSbpw
KXnsb {]m]n-p-p.
2. AXyw Xtam-Kp-Wn-I-fm-b-h hrm-Znm-hc hkvXp--fp-tSbpw Iran,-Io-Sw, ayw,kw, -B-a, -]-ip, -am Fn-h-bp-tSbpw
Ps {]m]n-p-p.
3. a[y-aa
- mb Xtam-Kp-W
- mv iq{Z,-t-,
\ny Ia- sNp--h Fn-h-cp-sSbpw
B\, IpXn-c,-knw-lw,-]p-en,-]n Fn-h-bptSbpw Pw e`n-pp
4. D-a-amb Xtam-Kp-W-mv kvXpXn-]mT-I-cp-tSbpw at\m-l-c-]-n-I-fp-tSbpw kzkpJ-n-\mbn Bfl-{]-iwk sNp--Uw-`-cp-tSbpw, -knw-lIcmb cm-k-m-cp-tSbpw, aZy-]m\n- I Zpcm- N m- c nI amen\y hmkn- I ,
ss]im-Nn-I-hr-n-m apX-em-b-h-cp-tSbpw
P-sf {]m]n-p-p.
5. A[-a-am-b- ctPmKpW-mv Bcm-m-cm, Ipm-en-n-f-Im, hnm, RmWnt Iqm-Sn-I, Imhm, aZy-] apXemb P- e`n-p-p,-A-[-a-amb ctPm-KpW-^-e-am-Wn-h
6. ay-a-amb ctPm-Kp-W-ap--h cmPmam- c p- t Sbpw {Xn- b - ] p- t cm- l n- X - m- c psSbpw, hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-n hnZ--Kvcp-tSbpw,
ZqXam-cp-sSbpw, hoem-cp-tS-bpw, tk\m-hn`m- K - ns Ay- - m- c p- t Sbpw Ps
{]m]n-p-p.
7. D-a-amb ctPm-Kp-W-ap-f-f-h KhcpsS (Kmb-I-cp-sS)bpw hmZy-ta-f-m-cp-tSbpw
b-m-cpsS (]W-m-cp-sS)bpw hnZzm-m-cpsS
`rXy-cp-tSbpw A]vk-c-p-I-fp-tSbpw AXn
ku-cy-ap-ff kv{XoI-fp-tS-bpw--P--s- {]m-]np-p.
8. X]-kzn-I, bXn-I, k\ym-kn-am, thZ]m-Tn-I, ssham-\n-I, tPmXnxim-kv{X--
kXym-{]-Im-iw
m, ssZXy-m--tZ-l-t]m-j-IF-n-h-cpsS
Pw e`n-p-Xv A[-a-amb kXz-Kp-W-ns
^e-am-sWv {Kln-p-I.
9. ay-aa
- mb kXz-Kp-Wa
- p-ff
- h
- bmn-I,
thZmY-a-dn-bp hnZzm-m, thZw, sshZyp-Xn,
Imew, Fn-h-tb--n-bp-ff hnZy-I A`y-knn-p-f-f-h-cp-tSbpw c-I-m-cp-tSbpw m\nI-fp-tSbpw kmy--cp-tSbpw Imcy-kn-nv
tkhn-t Kpcp P\--fp-sSbpw Ps
{]m]n-p-p.
10. D-a-amb kXz-Kp-W-ap-f-f-hcpw D-aIa- A\p- j v T n- p- hcpw {_m
AYhm kh- t h- Z - t h- m- Bbpw
"hnizkrPm' AYhm kIe krjvSn-hn-Zy-Itfbpw {Klnv hnam\w apX-emb hnhn-[-bm-\sf \nan- p- - h - c mbpw [man- I - c mbpw
henb _pn-am-m-cmbpw {]Ir-Xn-tb-tmepw
kzm[o-\s
- -Sp-nb kn-m-cmbpw P\n-p-p.
11. C{n-b-v hwi-h-Z-cm-bn, hnj-b-kpJm-k--cmbn [as XyPn-v, A[a-am-Ncn-p Adn-hn-m--h a\p-jy-cn \oNhpw
ZpxJ-a-b-hp-amb Ps {]m]n-p-p.
Cs\ kXz-cP
- k
- vXt- am-Kp-W
- f
- psS {]hrn-bm Poh A\p-jvTn-p Ia--f-\pk-cn-p-ff ^e--sf-s A\p-`-hn-p-p.
Nn-hrn \ntcm[w
apap-p--fm-I-s. KpWm-Xo-X-m-cm-bnv
AXm-bXv KpW--fpsS kz`m-h-n s]SmsX
alm tbmKn-I-fm-bn, tam km[-\-I A\pjvTn--Ww. Fs-m
1. tbmK-n hrn \ntcm[x
(tbm. Z. 1. 2)
2. XZm {ZjvSpx kzcq-t]f-h-m-\-av. (Sn 1. 3)
]mX-e tbmK-Zi\ kq{X--fm-Wn-h.
1. cP-kv, Xa-kv, Fo KpW--fp-ff Ia-fn \np am{X-a-, ip-amb kXz-Kp-Wtm-Sp-Iq-Snb Ia--fn \npt]mepw a\ns\ \ntcm-[nv kXz-Kp-W-n {]Xn-jvTnv , ]c- a m- fl m- h nepw [am- \ p- j v T m- \ - nepw
GIm-{K-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn Dd-np \nn, Nnhr-n-Isf kIe hnj-b--fn \npw a\pjy XSpp \n-Ww.
2. Nnw GIm-{Khpw \ncp-hpw BIp-
193
kXym-{]-Im-iw
194
]mw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
10
]mw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Imiw
BNm-cm\m-Nm-c, `ym`yw
AY BNm-cm\m-Nm-c, `ym`y hnjbw {]hymax
C\n BNm-c-, A\m-Nm-c, `yw, A`yw Fo
hnj-b--sf-n hymJym-\nmw
[am-\p-kr-X--fmb Ia--fpsS BN-cWw, kuio-eyw, kw-Kw, kZzn-Zy-Isf {Klnp--Xn-ep-ff A`n-cpNn apX-em-bh BNm-cfpw Chbvp hn]-co-X-am-bh A\m-Nm-c-fp-am-Wv. C\n Ch-tb-n {]Xn-]m-Zn-mw.
1. hnZzZv`nx tkhnXx kZv`ncv\n-Xy-a-tZz-jcm-Kn`nx, lrZ-tb-\m-`y-\p-mtXm tbm [akvX-n-t_m-[X
2. Imam-flXm \ {]ikvXm \ ssNth-lmkvXy-Im-aXm Imtaym ln thZm-[n-Kax Icvatbm-K sshZnIx
3. k-ev]-aqex Imtam ssh bm-k-ev]-kw-`hmx, {hXm-\n -ba [cvam kcvth
k-ev]Pmx kvarXmx.
4. AIm-aky {Inbm ImNnZv ZriytX t\l
Icvln-NnXv, bZy-n-Ip-cptX InwNnXv XXvIm-aky tNjvSn-X-av.
5. thtZmf-Jntem [cva-aqew kvarXn-iote
N XZzn-Zm-av, BNm-c-ssh km[q-\m-am-fl-\kvXp-jvSn-tc-hN
6. kcvh
- p-ka
- t- h-tyZw \nJnew m\N- pjm, {ipXn- { ]m- a m- W ytXm hnZzm
kz[cvta \nhn-ti-Xssh
7. {ipXn-kvar-Xyp-ZnXw [cvaa
- \
- pXnjvT ln
195
kXym-{]-Im-iw
196
]mw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
197
kXym-{]-Im-iw
8. [\w, _p-P\
-
- , hb-kv, t{ijvTa
- mb
Iaw, D-a-amb hnZy Ch Apw am\y-XbpsS m\-f
- m-Ip-p. Fm Ch-bn [\t-m Daw _\v-[p-hpw, _p-hn-t\m hb-pw, hb-n-t\-m kXvIa-hpw,
Ia-t-m ]hn-{X-amb hnZy-bp-f-f-bmfpw
Hn-s\mv A[nIw _lp-am-\s Aln-pp.
9. \qdp hb-p-m-bmepw hnZym-`ym-ktam
hnm\tam Cm- - h "_me'\mWv .
Fm hnZybpw hnm- \ hpw \ev I p
_mes\ hr-\mbn KWn--Ww. Fs-m,
kIe imkv{X-fpw B]vX-m-cmb hnZzmmcpw Am- \ nsb "_me's\pw,
m\nsb "]nXm'shpw ]d-bp-p.
10. hb-m-b-Xp-sIm-tm, apSn \c-p-sh-fp-Xp-sIm-tm, henb [\-hm-\m-b-Xp-sImtm, Db Xd-hm-n P\n--Xp-sImtm
Hcp- h alm- \ m- I p- n- . ]Tn- p- s Impw
m\w sImpw \psS CS-bn hen-b-h\mtcm Ah-\t{X alm-]p-cp-j FmWp
alm-flm--fmb aljn-am-cpsS \n-bw.
11. {_m-W m\w sImpw, {Xnb _ew sImpw, sshiy [\-[m-\y-tf-sm-pw, iq{Z ZoLm-bp-p-sImpw
hm-Iys {]m]n-bvp-p.
12. Xe-apSn shfp--Xp-sImp am{Xw Hcph hr-\m-Ip-n-. sNdp--m-c-\m-bmepw
Adn-hp-f-f-bm-fn-s\-bmWv hnZzm-m hr-scp
]d-bp--Xv.
13. hnZym-`ymkw sNbvXn-n-m--h acw
sImp-m-nb B\-sb-tm-sebpw tXmepsIm- p- m- nb am\n- s \- t m- s ebpw Cu
temI-n a\p-jy-\m-sWp \ma-am-{X-ambn
]d-b-s-Sp-p.
14. AXn-\m hnZym-`ymkw sNbvXv, hnZzm\pw
[am- fl m- h p- a mbn tZzjw IqSmsX kIe
PohnIpw kmKw D]- t Z- i n- - W w.
Ans\ D]-tZiw \Ip-tm arZphpw a[qc-hp-amb `mj {]tbm-Kn--Ww. kXyw D]-tZinv [as hn-n-p-Ibpw A[as
\in-n-p-Ibpw sNp--h [\y-c-t{X.
Znh-khpw Ipfn-p-Ibpw hkv{Xw, hmk-ew, A-]m-\o-b- Fn-h-sbmw ipNn-
bmbn kqn-p-Ibpw thWw. hrn-bm-bn-cpm Nn-ip-n, BtcmKyw Fnh Dmhp-Ibpw As\ ]pcp-jmYw hn-p-Ibpw
sNpw. ZpKw Xopw amdp-Xp hscbmWv iuNw sNt--Xv.
BNmcx {]Ytam [cv a x {ipXypx
kvamcv Gh-N. (a-\p. 1. 108.)
kXyw ]d-bpI XpS-nb Ia-f
- psS A\pjvTm-\-amWv thZ-nepw kvarXn-bnepw hn[n-np-ff "BNmcw'.
am t\m h[ox ]nXcw tamX amX-cav (bPq
16.15)
BNmcyD-]-\-b-amt\m {_-Nm-cnW
an-tX. (A-Yhw 11.15)
amXr- t Zthm `h; ]nXr- t Zthm `h;
BNmcytZthm `h; AXnYn tZthm `h.
ssX-co-bm-c-Wy-Iw. {]. 7. A\p. 11)
amXm- ] n- X m- - m, BNmcy, AXnYn
Fn-h-cpsS Bcm-[-\-bmWv tZh-]q-P. temIn-\p-]-Im-c-ap-m-Ip {]hr-n-I Fmw
sN-Ww. lm\n-Ic
- a
- m-bh XyPn-W
- w. CXmWv
a\p-jy apJy-ambn sNt--Xv. \mkvXn-I-cpw,
e-S-cpw, hnizmk--Lm-X-Icpw, anYym-hm-Zn-I-fpw,
kzmYn-I-fpw, I]-S-cpw, NXn-bcpw Bb ZpjvSP-\--tfmSv Hcn-epw kwkw sN-cp-Xv.
B]vX-cmb kXy-hm-Zn-Ifpw [-X-ev-ccpw,
]tcm-]-Im-tc-p--fp-am-b-h-tcmSv kl-h-kn-p-Xn-t\-bmWv t{ijvTmNmcsap ]d-bp--Xv.
tNmZyw:- Bcym-hcv-hm-kn-I Bcyh-n\p ]pd-ta-bp tZi--fn-tep
t]mbm AXp-sImv Ah-cpsS BNmcw
\in-ptam Ctbm?
Dcw: \in- p- I - b n- . Fs- m,
_mly-ambpw B`y--c-am-bp-ap ]cn-ipn
t\Sp-I, kXyw ]d-bpI Ch-sbmw Fhn-sS-bmbmepw BNmcw Xs-bm-Wv. Chsb A\p-jvTnp--bm BNm-c-n \ntm [a-n
\ntm {`jvS-\m-hp-I-bn-. ]Icw Bcym-hn Xs hkn- bpw Zpcm- N m- c -
{]hn-p-Ibpw sNbvXm Ah [a-{`jvS\pw BNm-c-{`-jvS-\p-am-bn-o-cp-p.
tZim-c bm{Xbvp sXfn-hp-I
198
]mw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
6. a\p.8 406
t]Pv ...... se 3mw tmIw. AYw t]Pv.......)
199
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Ahsc sXmSp-Itbm ImWp-Itbm sNp--Xpt]mepw ]m]-am-sWv Am-\n-I hnNmcn-p-p. Fn Ah-tcmSv t]mcm-Sm\pw km[np-I-bn-. bp-n kv]i-\hpw Zi-\hpw
IqSntb Ign- b q. cmK- t Zz- j - A\ymbw
Iw ]d-bpI apX-emb tZmj-sf XyPn-v,
sshc-`mhw amn, kvt\lw ]tcm-]-Imcw k\-ioew apX-em-bh kzoI-cn-p--XmWv Da-amb BNm-cw. Bflm-hv, {]hrn Fn-htbmSp _-s--XmWv [a-sav Ad-b-Ww.
\Xp sNp- - h - c mWv \msa- n hntZ- i ttm Zzo]m--c--fn-tetm t]mIp-Xn Hcp tZmjhpw C. ]m]w sNbvXmte
tZmj-ap-m-Iq. AXym-hiyambXv CXmWv:
thtZm--amb [a-n \nbw thWw.
]mj-WU
v
- m-cpsS sNbvXn-Isf JWvUn-m
]Tn--Ww. Atm icn-bm \n-b-sf-Sp-m CS-hc
- n-Ib
- n-. hntZ-i
- f
- ntem Zzo]m-c--fntem sNv `c-Wtam hym]m-ctam \SmsX kztZ-i-n\v Ftm-sg-nepw ]ptcmK-Xn-bp-m-Ip-sa-mtWm? Hcp \mn-ep--h
Ahn-sS-s Pohn-p-Ibpw hntZ-in-I hv
hyh-km-btam \mSp-hm-gvNtbm \S-p-Ibpw
sNbvXm Zmcn-{Zyhpw ZpxJ-hp-a
- msX asmpw
Dm-hp-I-bn-. P\-sf ]Tn-p--h-cm-phm\pw hntZ-i--fn t]mIp-hm\pw A\p-h-Znm, Ah _pn-am-m-cmbn X-fpsS hebn hogmsX t]mIp-Ibpw As\ X-fpsS
D]-Po-h-\-amhpw m\-am-\-fpw \jvS-sSp-sapw IpSn-e-cmb Cu ZpjvS-m-dn-bmw.
Xn-an--amWv Ah `-W-h-kv{Xm-Zn-I-fn
ISpw-]n-Sn--m-cm-bn, A\y-tZ-i-bm-{X-Isf apSp--Xv. Fm Adn-bmsX t]mepw Hcnepw aZy-amw-k- D]-tbm-Kn-p-Iq-Sm.
bp-k-a-bpw ssk\n-I \new sagpIn
DuWp-hv Ign-p-Xv ]cm-P-b-tl-Xp-hm-Ipsav _pnammscmw \nW-bn-n-p-X
- m-Wtm? 7 B\- p- d - t m, IpXn- c - p- d - t m,
tXcntem \ntm \ne-p-\ntm bpw sNptm Hcp ssIsImv Xnp-Ibpw IpSn-pIbpw sNbvXv at ssIsImp i{Xp-h[w
\Sn hnPbw t\Sp--Xp-X-s-bmWp {Xn7. aqmw ]m\n-v bp-n adm-n-I-fpw, Pmp-Ifpw,
cP-]p-{Xcpw shtsd ASp--f-bp-m-n-b-XmWv AhcpsS ]cm-Pb Imc-W-sav Ncn{Xw.
200
]mw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
9. Dm-bs
- X-hn-sS-sb kv]jvSa
-
- m-X
- mWv AZr-jvSw.
201
kXym-{]-Im-iw
bp--n kI-ecpw t]m-f-n khm-cnI-fn-en-cp-t{X `n-n-c p- -X v. At\ym- \ ykv ] - s Im- mWv ]mWv U - h - m- c p- s Sbpw
Iuc-h-m-cp-sSbpw bmZ-h-m-cp-sSbpw Dq-e\miw kw`-hn--Xv. Av AXp kw`-hn-Xp
t]mIs B tcmKw CXp-h-scbpw t`Z-am-bn-n. Cu `b-c cm-k Ftm hnp-t]mIp-sa--dn-hn-. Hcp ]t t{ijvT-cmb Fmh-scbpw kpJ--fn \n-In ZpxJ-km-K-cn apn-sm-tmw! Ipew apSn-, cmPyw
\in-n \oN-\mb Zptcym-[-\s ZpjvS-amKn-eqsS Cpw kcn-p--XmWv \psS
ZpxJ-h-\-hn\p Imc-Ww. Cu cmP-tcmKw \apn-S-bn \nv Ap-t]m-Ip-hm Cuiz-c
klm-bn--s.
cp-Xcw `ym-`-y-
[a-im-kv{X-n ]d-n-p--Xv, sshZyim-kv{X-n {]Xn-]m-Zn-npXv Fn-s\
`ym-`-y-hn[n cp-v.
A`- ymWn ZznPm-X o-\m-a -t a-[ y- { ]- ` - hmWnN. (a-\p. 5,5)
ZznP-mcpw AXm-bXv {_mW {Xnb
sshiy-mcpw iq{Z-mcpw aen-\-amb AYhm
ae-aq-{Xm-Zn-I-fpsS kwkKw sImv Dm-bnp kky- Imbv, Ing-p-I apX-em-bh
`n--cp-Xv.
hP-tb--[p-amwkw N (a-\p. 2. 177)
hnhn-[-Xcw aZy-, Im-hv, Idpv apXem-b-hbpw AXm-bXv
""_pnw-ep--Xn-b-Zv {Zhyw aZ-Imcn XZpNytX'' 10
_pnsb \in-n-p-h
- s
- bmpw Hcn-epw
`n--cp-Xv. No-Xpw, Zpjn--Xpw, ZpK-ap--Xpw, icn-bmbn ]mIw sNm--Xpw, ico- n aZy- a mw- k m- Z n- I - f psS ]c- a m- W p-
\nd t-amb aZym-]m-\n-I-fpw, amwkm-lmcn-Ifpw ]mIw sNbvX Blmcw `n--cp-Xv.
a\p-jyv D]-Im-c-ap ]ip-hn-s\bpw apw
sImp-m-p `-Whpw hPy-am-Wv. Hcp
]ip-hn \np-m-Ip ]m, s\v AXns
k-Xn-I Fnh H Xe-ap-d-bn \mep-en Fgp-]--m-bn-cn Adp-\qdp a\p10. imMvK-[c kwlnX 4.21
202
]mw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
203
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]mIw sNbvXXp `n-m-hp--Xm-Wv. tXmnI-fpw, Ad-hp-Im-cpw, ]mIw sNbvXXv A`yamWv. ""A, iz{ip, ktlm-Z-cn, ]p{Xn,
]p{X-`mcy Fn-h-cp-sS-sbmw icocw Nw
sImp-m-n-bX
- p-t]mse Nw sImp-mn-b-XmWv Ah-\-hs `mcy-bpsS ico-c-hpw.
AXp-sIm-p \n `mcy-tbmSp s]cp-am-dp-Xp-t]mse A-tbmSpw apw s]cp-am-dptam?''
Fv Bsc-nepw tNmZn-m \np Xe
Xmgvn anm-Xn-cn-tn hcp-a-tm. D-aamb Aw sXmp-`-n-p--Xp-t]mse \mdp-hbpw `n-ptam? aehpw `n-ptam?
A-s\-bp--hcpw Dm-bn-cn-ptam?
tNmZyw: ]ip-hns NmWIw sImp
sagp-Ip--Xp-t]mse \n kzw aew
sImp sagp-Im-Xn-cn-p--sXv? NmWIw
sImp sagp-Inb ep t]mIp-tm
AhnsS Aip--am-Im-Xpw Fp-sImv?
Dcw: a\p-jys ae-n-t-Xp-t]m-ep
ZpKw ]ip-hns NmW-I-n-\n-. NmWIw
kv \ nKv - a m- b - X p- s Imv thK- n Cf- I pItbm hkv{X- apjn-bp-Itbm hkv{X-fn Nfn ]pItbm sNp-n-. ap-sImp
amen\yw Dm- I p- - X p- t ]mse DW- nb
NmWIw sImp-m-Ip-n-. apw NmWIhpw IqSn-tp-m-nb ew at\m-l-cam-Wv. ]mIw sNp e-n-cpp `Ww
Ign-p-Ibpw apw sNp-X
- p-sImp AhnsS
s\v, Acn-sm-Sn, Fn Fn-h-sbmw hogpp. AXp-sImv Cu, Ddp-v, apX-em-b-hsbmw Cc tXSm AhnsS hp-Iq-Sp-p.
AhnsS Znhkw tXmdpw ASn-p-X-fnp sagpIn
hrn-bmn shn-s-n B w Iq-pt]m-em-bn-o-cpw. AXn-\m Znhkw-tXmdpw
NqsIm- - S n- v , NmW- I hpw apw Iqntp sagpIn hrn-bmn sh-Ww, henb
hoSm-sW-n shw-sImp IgpIn hrnbm--Ww, Cs\ sNbvXm app ]d
tZmj- Dm-hp-I-bn-. henb kmbv-mcpsS ASp--f-bn Hcn-Sp Icn, thsdm-cnSp Nmcw, asm-cn-Sp hnd-Iv, Hcp Znn
Hcp DS IpSw, Hcn-Sp Fn ]m{Xw,
asmcp aqebvv Fn Ij-W- Chsbmw InS-p-p-m-hpw. Cu-bpsS IYsbp ]d-bm! tbmKy-m-cm-sc-nepw AhnsS
204
]mw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
205
kXym-{]-Im-iw
206
2
D-cmw
D-cmw
A\p`qanI cv
Am-bncw sIm-p app thZ-a-X-amsX asmcp aXhpw Cm-bn-cp-sp Xobm-Wv. thtZm--am-b-sXmw hnZym-hn-cp--a-m-Xm-Wv. thZ--fpsS {]Nmcw \ne-Xv alm`m-c-X-bpw \nan--am-bn-cp-p. thZ-{]-Nmcw
\ne--tm Ahn-Zy-bpsS Ccpv temI-n
hym]n-p. a\p-jyv _pn-{`aw ]nSn-s]--Xpt]m-se-bm-bn. Ah tXmpw]Sn aX- {]Ncn-n-p. Acw aX--fn Ghpw thZ-hn-cp--fmb \mep aX---]p-cm-W-a-Xw, ssP\a-Xw, {InkvXp-aX
- w, apl-Z- p-aXw Fnhkh
aX--fp-sSbpw aqe-am-Wv. Ah Hn\p]ndtI
Hmtcm-mbn \S-n-em-bn. Ch \men-tbpw ]ncnhp-I Bbn-c-n Ipd-bp-I-bn-. Cu aXmpw Ah-cpsS injy-mpw as-mhpw, kXym- k - X y- \ nbw sNp- h m
At\ym\yw henb ]cn-{iaw Dm-Im-Xn-cn-p-Xn\pthn-bmWv Cu {Kw cNn-n-p--Xv.
kXy-a-X-ns afi-\hpw Ak-Xy-ns
Jfi-\hpw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p--Xns {]tbmP\w Fm-hpw Ah-t_m-[n-np sImSp-pI-sb-Xp Xs-b-t{X. Fs _pn, ]Tn-v,
Cu \mep aX- - f p- t Sbpw aqe- { K- -
t\mn-bp-m-nb Adn-hv, Fn-h-b-\p-k-cnv
Fm-h-cp-tSbpw kaw Imcy- ]d-bp-Xv
\m-bn-cn-p-sav Rm a\-n-em-p-p. adp-h Adn-hns ]p\e_v[n km[m-c-W-b-.
]-]mXw shSnv CXp t\mp--]w
kXyhpw Ak-Xy-hp-amb aX- Ghpw
Adn- h mIpw ]noSv Hmtcm- c p- - c p- t Sbpw
Adnhpw t_m[hpw A\p-k-cnv kXy-a-Xs
sImm\pw Ak-Xy-a-Xs Xm\pw Ign-bp-Xm-Wv.
]Xn-s\mmw kap-m-k-n ]pcm-WmZn
{K- aptJ\ imtJm-]-im-Jm-cq-]-n
Bcy-h-n {]N-cn-n-p-ff aX--fpsS
kwn-]vXa
- mb KpW-tZmj hnNn-\w ImWmw.
11
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Imiw
AY Bcym-hcvob aXJWvU\aWvUt\ hn[m-kymax
C\n Bcym-h-nse aX-fpsS JU\ aU-\- sNmw.
C\n Bcym- h tZi- \ n- h m- k n- I - f mb
t{ijvT-P-\--fpsS aX--sf-n {]Xn-Iq-ehpw
A\p-Iq-e-hp-ambn N-sN-mw. Cu Bcymh-tZ-i-n\p Xpey-ambn asmcp tZiw
temI-n-en-. AXn-\m-em-Wv, Cu \mSns\
kphW-`qan Fp ]d-bp--Xv. Cu \mn-emWv
kzWw, cXv\w apX-em-bh DXv]m-Zn-n-p-Xv. Xn-an-a
- mWv Bcy-m krjvSn-bpsS XpS-n ChnsS hp ]m-Xv. krjvSn-hnj-b-s-n ]d--tm Bcy FXv
t{ijvT-m-cpsS t]cm-sWp ]d-p. 1 Bcym-c-m--h-cpsS t]cv Zkyp Fm-Wv.
]mc-k-aWn `mcXw
temInep-ff
- tZi-s
- fmw Cu tZis
]pI-gvp-p. Ah hnNm-cn-p--Xn--s\bmWv: ]mc-k-a-Wn 2sb-smcp cXv\--n-s\-n tIn-p-v. ]t AXv Cm--XmWv
bYmY ]mc-k-aWn Bcym-h-tZ-iamWv,
ChnsS hcp Zcn-{Z-cmb hntZ-in-I ]mc-kaWn sXm temlw t]mse kzW-am-bn, AXmbXv k--cmbn amdp-p.
krjvSn-Imew apX Am-bncw sImw
app hsc, temI- nse kmh- ` u- a - m
AYhm khm-[n-Im-cn-I-fmb N{I-hnam
1. kap-mkw 8. t]Pv ....................(351, 353.)
2. sXm teml-samw s]mm-p
k-ev]-am-{X-amb Hcp-cXv\w.
Bcy-m-cm-bn-cp-p. CX-c-tZ-i--fn kma-cm-Pm--m am{X-am-Wp-m-bn-cp--Xv. Iuc-h-]m-WvU-h-cpsS Imew hsc Chn-Sps `c-Wnepw A[o-\X
- b
- n-ep-amWv temI-nse cmPm-mcpw {]P-Ifpw Ign-n-cp--Xv. krjvSnbpsS BZn-bn Dmb 3- a\p-kvar-Xn-bnse
hmIyw CXn\p {]am-W-am-Wv.
""GX-t-i-{]-kq-Xky kIm-im-Z-{K-P-\x
kzw kzw Ncn{Xw in-t-c ]rYnhymw kham-\hmx'' (a-\p. 2.20)
Cu Bcym-h-tZ-i-n P\n {_mW-cn-h
- n-Zzm-m-cn \np-Xs temI-n-epf-f a\p-jy--{_m--W, {Xn-b, sshiy,
iq{Z, Zkyp-, t apX-em-bh
- s
- cmw Ah3. CXv `mc-Xob Ncn-{X-n\nv sXfn-bp-p.
a\p-hn-\p-tijw injy-cmb `rKp. \mc-Z
apX-em-b-h am\h [-imkv{Xw ]cn-jv-cn-np-v. Cs a\p-kvar-Xn-bn ""CXn am\th [aimkvt{X `rKp-t{]m-mbmw kwln-Xm-bmav''
(`rKp t{]m-amb am\h [a-imkv{X kwln-Xbn) Fp ImWp-p. `rKp-hn-\p-tijw Ghpw
Ipd-Xv cp-XhWsb-nepw a\-kvarXn ]cnjvIc
- n-s
- -n-p-v. Cu ]cn-jvIm-f
- psS
t]cpw Am-X-am-Wv. Cu kvarXn-bn cmP[w am{Xta {]h-Nn-n-p-q. CXnpw e`y-amWv. ]mm-Xycpw Ah-cpsS A\p-Km-an-Ifpw a\pkvar-Xn-bpsS Ime-Lw {In.-]n. aqmw \qm-sp
KWn-p-Xv Cu {]n]vX tmI-sf B[m-cam-n-bmWv. CXv `mc-Xob CXn-lm-k-n\p
hncp-a
- m-Wv.
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Bt-bm-kv{Xhpw apw
tNmZyw: Bt-bmkv{Xw apX-emb hnZyI-sf-n Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-Xv kXy-amtWm?
Am-ev ]oc-nbpw tXmpw apw Dmbn-cptm?
Dcw: kXy-am-Wv, Cu Bbp-[-fpw
Dm-bn-cp-p. ]ZmY-hn-Zy-sImv Ch-sbmw
km[n-m-hp--Xm-Wv.
tNmZyw: Ch tZh-X-I-fpsS a{-knn
Bbn-cptm?
Dcw:A. Akv{X-ik
- v{X- knn-p-Xn\v "a{' thWw. hnNmcw AYhm a\-
210
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
bm--h {`a-n s]v Hn\v asm-s-gpXp-Ibpw Fsm-stbm ]pe-p-Ibpw sNpp. CsXmpw _pn-am-mv {]am-W-ambn
kzoI-cn-m Ign-bp-I-bn-.
IqSmsX temI-n Fsmw hnZy-I
{]N- c n- n- ptm Ah- s bmw Bcym- h n \nv CuPn-]vp-Im-cpw 5 Ah-cn \nv
{Kop-Imcpw Ah-cn \nv tdmam-mcpw Ahcn \nv bqtdm-p-Imcpw Ah-cn \nv Atacn apX-emb tZi-mcpw sImp-t]m-bX
- mWvv.
Ctm hsc kwkvIr-X-n-\p-{X {]Nmcw
ap tZi--fn-en-. Pa-\n-bnkwkvIr-Xn\p henb {]Nm-c-ap-spw tam-aq-e 6
kmbnv ]Tn--{Xbpw kwkvIrXw Bcpw ]Tnn-n-spw ]d-bp-Xv shdpw ]d-n am{Xam-Wv. Fs-m--b-kvan tZti {Zptam
\mkvXn-X-ss{X-cWvtUmf ]n-{Zp-am-b-tX--hr-an-m-n-Sv Bh-Wpw alm-hr-w 7 Fptm? AXp-t]mse kwkvIr-Xh
- n-Zym-`ym-kta
Cm P-\n-bn tam-aq-e kmbv]v
Ipdp ]Tn--Xp-Xs Ahn-tS-bv-[n-I--m-Wv.
Bcym-h-hp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s-Sp-p-tm
AXp hfsc Ipd-hm-Wv. kwkvIr-X-n FgpXnb Ins AYw {Kln-p-hm t]mepw
Ign-hp--h Pa-\n-bn Xptemw hnc-f-amsWv Xt-io-b-\mb Hcp {]nkn--ens
In \nv Rm Adnnpv. tam-aqe kmbv ] ns kwkv I r- X - k m- l n- X yhpw
8
kzev]w thZ-hym-Jy-\hpw I-Xn \nv
F\nv a\-n-em-Xv, Bcym-ho-b-cmb BfpI FgpXnb Ipdn-p-I-fn Anp t\mn
AXp-anXpw Fgp-XpI am{Xta tam-aq-e
kmbv]v sNbvXn-p-s--Xm-Wv. DZm-l-c-Wn\v ""bpRvPpn {_[-\-a-cpjw Ncw ]cnX-pjx tcmNt tcmN\m Znhn'' 9 FXnse {_[\w F ]Z-n\p Ipdp Fm-
211
kXym-{]-Im-iw
212
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
`m- c - X - b p- - n h[n- - s - S p- I bpw acnpIbpw 15 sNbvXp. Atm hnZybpw thtZm-Ia[a {]Nm-chpw \jvS-s-p. Cujy,
tZzjw, Zpc-`n-am\w Fnh ]c-kv]cw {]I-Snn-m XpS-n. Iq-p--h Imcy-m-c-\mbn. Bcym-hw Nn-`n--ambn sNdp-cm-Py-fm-bn. Cu Ah--bn Zzo]m--c--fnse `cW-hy-h Bcp \S-n-em-m?
{_m-W hnZym-lo-\-cm-b-tm {Xnb
sshiy-iq-{Z-m-cpsS IY-sb-m-hm-\mWv? AYk-lnXw thZ- ]Tn-p k{-Zmbw CmXm-bn. 16 \nXy-hr-n-p-thn a{w sNm
am{Xw \ne-\nn. AXp-t]mepw {Xn-btcbpw apw ]Tn-n-m-Xm-bn. Ahn-Zzm-m-cm-bh Kpcp--m-cm-b-tm hymPw, Im]-Syw,
A[aw Fn-hbpw Ah-cn \nv s]cp-In-hp. {_m-W kzw \nXy-hr-nv GmSp-m--W-sav Btem-Nn-p-d-p. kh-k-X-ambn Xocp-am-\n {]Imcw Ah ""R
\n-fpsS kw]qPy tZh-m-cm-sWv'' {Xnbm-Zn-Isf D]-tZ-inp ]Tn-n-p. Rsf ]qPnmsX kzKtam apntbm e`n-n-spw
As\ sNm--h tLmc-\-c-I-n ]Xnp-sapw ]Tn-n-p. ]qW-hn-Zzm--mcpw [manI-cp-am-b-hp \evIn-bn-cp {_m-W, ]qP\o-b apX-emb thZ--E-jn-t{]m--amb t]cpI aqV-cpw, hnj-bm-k
- c
- pw e-S
- m-cpw, I]Scpw A[an- I - f p- a m- b - h Gs- S p- p. B
B]vX-hn-Zzm-m-cpsS e-W- Cu aqVmflm-v F-s\-bmWp tNcpI? Fm,
{Xn-bm-Zn-I-fmb bP-am-\-m kwkvIr-X-hnZy-bn Xopw A-cm-bXp \nanw Cq ]d t]mg---sfmw icn-bm-sW-h hniz-kn-p. As\ Cu \ma-am-{X-{_m-W hmWp hne-kn. Fm-h-scbpw hmKvPm-em ]mn-em-n. {_-hmIyw P\mcvZ\x 17
AXm- b Xv {_m- W - a p- J - p- \ np hcp
hmIyw kmm `K-hms Acp-f
- m-Sm-sWp
hnNm-cn-W
- w. F-h ]d-p-Xp-S
- n. {Xn16. kXy-bpKw apX alm-`m-c-X-Imew hsc
thZmY-ns ]c-c Ahn-n--ambn XpSp
t]mp. bmkvIs Imev `mc-Xob hnZzm-mnS-bn thZmY-t-n kwibw \ne-\n-n-cps bqtdm-]y ]WvUn-X-m-cpsS hmZw Ncn-{Xhn-cp--amWv Fv ]WvUnXv `K-h--v.
17. ]mWvU-h-Ko-X-bn\nv
t]mv
tNmZyw: ]ns R-fm-cm-Wv.
Dcw: \n-fmWv t]mv
tNmZyw: t]ms-m-em-cmWv?
Dcw: CXns AYw tdma `mj-bn
]nXm-hv, hen-b-h Fs-m-am-Wv. Fm
Chn-sS, NXnhpw Im]-Syhpw sImv A\ysc
hnv Xnjv S w km[n- p- - h - s c- b mWv
t]mv Fp ]d-bp--Xv.
tNmZyw: R {_m-W-m km[p R-fpsS A {_m-W, A
213
kXym-{]-Im-iw
tdmanse t]mv
\n-fpsS ]m]- Fs apn Gp
]d- m Rm an- p- - X m- s Wv
tdmanse t]mv Xs A\p-bm-bn-I-tfmSv ]dbm-dp-sv tIn-p-v. \t tkhn-m-sXtbm
\psS A\p-hm-Z-an-m-sXtbm Bpw kzn {]th-i-\-an-. kz-n t]mIm
B{K-ln-p--h F{X ]Ww \psS ASp Gn-ptam AXn\p X km[\ kma{Kn-I Ahn-hnsS Inpw. CXp-tIv ""Acmb _n-X'' kz-n t]mIm B{Klnv t]mn\v btY-jvSw ]Ww \In--gnm t]mv tbip-hn-tbpw adn-b-n-tbpw
{]Xn-aI
- p at[y \nv C\n Fgp-Xpw t]mse
Hcp lpnI Fgp-Xn-sm-Sp-pw. ""]cn-ip
\ma-m hmgv-s Cutim-an-in-lmtb!
C-bm \ns \ma-n kz-n hcphm-\mbn ew cq]m Fs ] AS-n-pv. Ch kz-nse-p-tm \o \ns
]nXm-hns kzK-cm-Py-n Ccp-]--mbncw cq]bvv hoSpw ]d-pw, Ccp-]--mbn-c-n\v hm-l-\w, \mbmp kma-{Kn-I,
`rXy Fn-h-bpw, Ccp-]--m-bn-c-n\v
`Ww hkv{Xw apX-em-b-h-bpw, Ccp-]-m-bn-c-n\v kz-mpw _p-an-{Xm-ZnIpw sNe-hn-\p hIbpw sImSp-n-pam-dm-IWw''. lpn-Ib
- n t]mv Hn-v sImSpnv ]dbpw ""CXv \ns ac-W-k-a-bv Id-bn Xebvp Xmsg hbvm _p-an{Xm-Zn-It- fmSv ]d-bW
- w. ]noSv \ns sImpt]m- I m hcp amem- J - a m \nsbpw
lpn-It- bbpw kz-n-tep sImp-t]mbn. Fgp-Xn-b-]Sn th-sXm-sbpw sNbvXpX-cpw.''
214
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
215
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
kmwJy-Zi\w 3.79-81.
Imfo-X{w
IpemW-h-X{w 8.96.
IpemW-h-X{w 7.100
m\-k--e\n X{w
Rm ss`c-h \o ss`chn \man-cp-h
Xn-em-Is kwK-aw.
kXym-{]-Im-iw
216
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
bp-p.
DUvVo-kX
- {w apX-em-bh
- b
- n Hcp {]tbmK-hn-[n-bp-v. Hcp hoSn\v \mep hihpw Beb- thWw. Ah-bn Hmtcm-nepw aZyIpw-`- hn-cn--Ww. Hcp Be-b-n
\nv Hcp Ipn aZyw IpSn-nv at Be-b
- n
sN-Ww. Ahn-sS-\npw Hcp Ipn IpSn--Ww.
Fnv aqm-a-t-Xnepw \mem-a-t-Xnepw
sNv Hmtcm Ipn IpSn--Ww. \nv IpSnp
IpSnv shn-b-acw hogpw t]mse hogp-Xp
hsc IpSn--Ww. ap hnm hopw CXpt]mse hogp-Xp hsc IpSn--Ww. aqmw
{]mh-iyhpw CXp-t]mse IpSnp hoWv, Fgpt- e v p- - h \v ]p\w Cm- X m- h pw.
hmkv X hw ]d- m C- s \- b p- - h \v
hopw a\p-jy-Pw e`n-p-Xp Xs hnja-am-Wv. Ah \oN-tbm-\n-I-fn P\nv hf-scmew IjvS-sSpw.
4. hman-I-fpsS X{ {K--fnse \nbaw
Asb HgnsI asmcp kv{Xosbbpw hnp-I-fb-cp-sX-m-Wv. aI-fm-I-s, ktlm-Z-cn-bm-I-s,
Fm-h-cp-ambpw kwKaw sN-Ww. Cu hmaamKn-If
- psS Zi-al
- m-hn-Zy-I Ip{]-kn-a
- m-Wv.
Ah-bn-sem-mb amXMvKo hnZy-m-c ]d-bpXv amX-c-a]n \ XytPXv' A-sb-tmepw
kamK-sat\y hnp-I-f-b-cp-sX-m-Wv. kwtbmK-th-f-bn kv{Xo]p-cp-j-m \apv CjvS-knnbpmIs Fp a{w P]n- p- I bpw
thWw. Cs\ {`mcpw alm aqU-m-cp-amb
Bfp-I temI-n Xptemw Ipd-hm-bn-cn-pw.
5. AkXyw {]N-cn-n-m-\m-{K-ln-p--h
kXys \nn-p-I-Xs sNpw. hma-amKnI ]d-bp-Xp t\mq. thZ- imkv{X ]pcm-W- Fn-h-sbmw km[m-cW
thiy-sb-tm-se-bm-Wv. hma-amKn-I-fpsS ap{Zbmb imw`hn am{Xta AP-\-n\p Xpeybm-bn-p-q.
thZ-fpw kmn
Ch thZ-hn-cp--amb aX-amWv \S-n hcpn-b-Xv. {ItaW Ch-cpsS aX-n\pw {]Nmcw
e`n-m XpS-n. Atm sIm-cp-Xm-bva-bneqsS thZ--fpsS t]cp ]dv ]e eoe-Ifpw
29. kpcm-h hm Gj _cvln-jZv btm bZv
ku{Xm-aWo F iX-]Y hN-\hp(12.1.3.7)ambn
Xmc-Xayw sNp-I.
217
kXym-{]-Im-iw
fp-m-n-b-sX-n-\mWv?
tNmZyw: Aiz-ta-[w, tKmta-[w, \c-ta[w
apX-em-b-h-bpsS AY-sa-mWv?
Dcw: Ah- b psS AYw ]dbmw:
cmjv{Sw hm Aiz-ta-[x 34 Awln Kux 35
Ancvhm Aizw 36 BPyw ta[x 37(i-X-]Y-{_m--W-n \nv) IpXn-c, ]ip apX-emb
Pp-s
- f- sImv bw \S-p-hm Fpw
]d-n-n-. hma-amKn-I-fpsS {K--fn
am{Xta Ccw A\Y- Fgp-Xn-h
- n-p-q.
Fp am{X-a-, hma-amKn-I-fmWv CXn-sbpw
Bcw`w Ipdn--Xv. Fhn-sS-sbmw CXn-t\-n
Fgp-Xn-bn-ptm Ahn-sS-sbmw hma-amKn-I
Ahn-jvS-s-Xv Ien Fgp-Xn-bn-p-ap-v.
cmPmhv \ymb-[a--fm {]Pm-]m-e\w sNp-Xpw, bP-am-\ hnZym-Zm\w sNp-Xpw
An-bn s\pw apw tlman-p-Xpw Aizta-[-am-Wv. Aw, C{n-b-, Inc-W-,
]rYnhn apX-em-b-hsb ]cn-ip--ambn hbvp-XmWv tKmta-[w. a\-jys arX-tZlw hn[n{]-Imcw Zln-np If-bp-Xv \c-ta-[-am-Wv.
tNmZyw: bw sNbvXm bP-am-\\pw
arK-n\pw kzKw e`n-p-sapw tlmam-\cw arK-ns\ Pohn-n-p-sapw ]d-bpXv t\cmtWm?
Dcw: Iw. kzK-n-tep t]mIpsap ]d-bp--hsc sImv tlmanv kzKn-e-b-bv-Ww. As-n Ah-cpsS {]nbs amXm-hv, ]nXm-hv, `mcy, ]p{X-m apX-embhsc sImv kzK-n-e-b-bvm--sX-mWv?
As-n thZn-bn \nv Ahsc Pohn-nm--sXv?
tNmZyw: bw sNp-tm thZ-a-{ sNmm-dp-v. thZ--fn-s-n ]ns
Fhn-Sp-mWv sNmp-Xv?
Dcw: a{w sNmp- - X n \nv
Bscbpw hne-p-n-. Fs-m a{w
i_vZ-am-Wv. Fm AXn-\Yw arKs
sImp- t lm- a n- - W - s a- - . 38 Atb
34.
35.
36.
37.
_u ssP\-cpsS Dhw
Cu t]m-m-cpsS C{]-Im-c-ap A\m-Nmc Ipw acn--hp thn sNp
XW {imm-Zn-I Ipw thZm-Zn-im-kv{Xsf \nn-p-Xpw alm-`b
-
- c
- h
- p-amb _u
AYhm ssP\-aXw {]Nm-c-n hp. Cu
tZi-n tKmc-Jv]q cmPm-hn-\p-m-bn-cpsp tIn-p-v. At-ls sImv t]mm bw \S- n- p. At- l - ns
dmWnsb IpXn-c-bp-ambn kam-Kaw sNn--Xnt\-Xp-Sv Ah acn-p. cmPmhv hnc--\mbn
]p{X\v cmPyw \evIn-bX
- n\p tijw kw\y-knv
t]mmcpsS I--c- shfn-hm-m
XpS-n.
CXns imJ-bm-bn-mWv NmhmIw A`mWIw Fo aX--fp-m-b-Xv. Ah-cp-m-nb
tmI--fm-Wnh:
1. ]ip-ivtN-n-lXx kzcvKw tPymXn-jvtSmtam-K-an-jyXn kz]n-Xm-b-P-am-t\\ X{X-I-Yw
\ lnwkytX.
13.1.6 3
4.3.1.25
3,6.2.5.
tat[m hm BPyav 13.3.6.2.
218
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
219
kXym-{]-Im-iw
220
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
sshZnI [tam-m-cWw
Ap-ap-X Fm-hcpw btm-]-hoXw
[cn-m\pw thZ--fpsS ]T-\-]m-T-\- \Sm\pw XpS-n. ]p-hj-m-e-n-\p-n
Bcym- h tZi- n- s epw k- c nv
ssP\n-IfpsS JWvU\
- hpw thZ-f
- psS aWvU\hpw sNbvXp i-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS Imev \S
ssP\-hn-[zw-k-\-ns sXfn-hmWv Cp `qanbn \np Is-p [zwkn-X-amb ssP\hn- { K- l - . Ch- s bmw At- l - ns
Imev XI-Xm-Wv. XI-cm-h Is-pp-sh-n Ah ssP\n-I cn-m thn
Ipgn-n--h-bm-Wv. Cpw Anv Ch Inm-dpv . im- c m- N m- c yp- a pv ssih- a - X hpw
Aev]w-kzev] {]Nmcw t\Sn-bn-cp-p. AXnt\bpw Atlw JWvUn-p. hma-amK-tbpw
JWvUn-p. 41 Am-ev cmPyv Afh
[\w Dm-bn-cp-p. kztZ-i-`-nbpw Dm-bn-
221
kXym-{]-Im-iw
cp-p. ssP\-t-{X-s
- fmpw i-cm-Nm-cytcm
kp[-\zmthm XIm-\-\p-h-Zn-n-. Ah-bn
thZ- ] m- T - i m- e - I Bcw- ` n- p- I - b m- b n- c pp
eyw.
{ioi--c\p hnjw \evIpp
thZ- a - X - m- ] \w \Sp Ign- - t m
hnZym-{]-Nm-c-W-n\p {iaw XpS-n. AXn-\n-Sbn ]pdta thZ-a-X-m-scp \Sn-p-Ibpw
AIta XnI ssP\-cp-amb cp-t] hpIq-Sn. Chsc i-cm-Nm-cy IW-p kvt\lnp. Ah Ftm Xo{h-amb hnj-hkvXp `nm sImSp-X
- n-s 42 ^e-ambn hniv ao`-hn--p. ]noSv ico-c-am-k-Iew \ocpw ]cp-pIfpw hv, Bdp amk-n-\Iw icocw XyPnp. Atm Fm-hcpw \ncp-m-ln-I-fm-bn.
Dm-tI-n-b-cp hnZym-{]-Nmcw Dm-b-Xp-an. Atlw Dm-nb imco-cn-I-`mjyw apXem-bh injy-m {]N-cn-n-m XpS-n.
AXm-bXv ssP\-msc JWvUn-p--Xn-\p-thn Dm-nb {_w kXyw, PK-flnYy, Poh{_-ssIyw apX-em-bh D]-tZ-in-p-Xp-S-n.
sXv irwtK-cn, Ingv `qtKm-h-\w, hSv
tPmjn, Zzmc-I-bn imc-Zm-aTw Fo aT-
m]nv {ioi--c-in-jy-m sFiz-cy-hm-mcmb aTm-[n-]-Xn-I-fm-Ibpw kkpJw hmgvN-bmcw-`n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fs-m {ioi-c
- \p
tijw injy-mv henb BZ-chpw e`n-pXp-S-n.
\ho-\-th-Zmw
C\n Nnn- t - - X p- v . Poh {_w
Fnh Hm-sWpw PK-fln-Yy-bm-sW-papXv i-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS kzw aX-am-sWn AX- { X - \ aX- a - . ssP\n- I sf
JWvUn-m thn AXv kzoI-cn--Xm-sWn \v 43. \ho\ thZm-n-I-fpsS aXw C{]Im-c-amWv:
42. A`n-\n-tj-hn-X, A`n-\n-th-i Fo \mkvXn-I
tIZm-c-\m-Y-nhv {ioi--c\v hnjw \In.
(sF-Xn-lm-knI \nco- `mKw 2, i-cm-Nmcy
{]I-c-Ww).
43. Cuiz-c-\n F ssP\-hm-Z-n\v FXn-cmbn
Cuiz-c-\-msX asmpw C F hmZw Iptd
kzoIm-cyw. hnp apfv hf-cp-tm app-th-ensIn kwc-n-p-X
- p-t]mse F \ymb-kq{Xw
(4.2.50) A\p-k-cnv
222
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
223
kXym-{]-Im-iw
AwKo-I-cn-p-Xp icn Xs. Hcn-Sv {_n\v kzw kzcq-]-ns Am\w DmIp-sa-n AXv kh{X hym]n-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibn-. ico-c
- n Hcn-Sv ]cp hm AXs
thZ\ ico-cmw-K
- s
- f-sbmw Xfn-f
- b
- pw.
CXp-t]mse {_-hpw. Hcn-Sv Am-\nbpw
ti- b p- - h p- a m- b mkh{X Am- \ ]qWhpw ti-bp--hp-am-bn-o-cpw.
\.th: CsXmw D]m-[n-bpsS [a-am-Wv.
{_-n-t-X-.
kn: D]m[n PUtam tNX-\tam? kXytam
Ak-Xytam?
\. th: A\nh-N-\o-b-am-Wv. AXm-bXv
AXv PUtam tNX- \ tam kXytam AkXytam Fp ]d-bpI h.
kn: C-db
- p-Xv "hZtXm hymLmXx'bvp
Xpey-am-Wv. Fs-m Ahn-Zy-sbp \n
]dbp AXv PUtam tNX-\tam kXytam
Ak-Xytam Fp ]d-bpI h. kzWhpw
]n-fbpw Ie temlw kzW-hym-]m-cnbpsS ASp-p-sIm-p-sNv CXp kzWtam
]n-ftbm Fp amp-c
- p-t\mn ]d-bm Bhiy-s-Sp-tm ""CXp kzW-a-spw ]n-fb-spw ]d-bpI h. cp-ap-n-Xn'' Fp
]d-bp--Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wn-Xv.
\. th: t\mq! LSm-Imiw, aTm-Im-iw,
taLm-Imiw Fnh al-Zm-Im-i-n\v D]m[n-bm-bn-cn-p--Xp-t]m-se, AXm-bXv LSw,
aTw, taLm- I miw Fnh D- X n- \ m
BImiw sht- s d- b m- s Wp tXmp- s anepw Fmw al-Zm-Imiw Xs-bm-W-tm.
A- s \- X s amb, Ahn- Z y, ka- j v S n,
hyjvSn, Ax-I-cWw Fo D]m-[n-I-fm
Am-\n-Iv {_w sht-sd-bm-sWp
tXmp-sa-nepw hmkvX-h-n Hp-X-sbm-Wv. Cu {]am-W-n-sep ]d-bp-sp
t\mq
An-cy-ssY-tIm`qh\w {]hnjvtSm cq]w
cq]w {]Xncqt]m _`qh GI-kvXYm kcvh`q-Xm--cmflm cq]w cq]w {]Xncqt]m _ln 47.
\o-Xv, hoXn-bp--Xv, Dcp--Xv, sNdn-b47. ItTm-]-\n-jXv 5.9
224
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
{_w apgp-h\pw Am-\hpw ZpxJhpw DmI-Ww. Ccw DZm-l-c-W-sImv \nXyip- - _ p ap kz`m- h n- b mb {_s
\n Aip---A-m-\-_-mZn tZmj-fp--Xm-n-op-I-f-p. AJ-WvUs
JWvU--fm-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
\. th: \ncm-Im-c-n-sbpw B`mkw
Dm- I p- p. Im- S n- b nepw Pe- nepw
BImiw {]Xn- ^ - e n- m- d pv \oe- h Wntem ap-hn-[-ntem Kw`o-chpw Kl-\-hpambn ImW-s-Sp-p. AXp-t]mse {_ns NnZm-`mkw Fm Ax-I-c-W-nepw
]Xn-bp-p.
kn: BIm- i - n\v cq]ta Cm- - X psImv, AXv In\p hnj-b-a-. ImWp-Itb
Cm--Xns\ Im-Sn-bntem sh-ntem
atm Fs\ ImWpw? Kw`o-c-amtbm AKm-[amtbm Im-Wp hkvXp kmImcamWv. \ncmIm-c-a-.
\. th: ]ns, apI-fn \oenp ImWpXpw Im-Sn-bnepw Pe-nepw {]Xn-_nw_n-p-Xpw Fp hkvXp-hmWv?
kn: AXv `qan-bn \np ]d-p-b
shw, av, An, Fn-h-bpsS {Xk-tc-Wp-fm-Wv. ag Dm-Ip-n-Sv sh-an-s-n
]ns Fhn-Spv ag-bp-mIpw? AXn-\m AIse-b-Ise IqSmcw t]mse ImWp-Xp Pecmin-bm-Ip-p. aqS av Zqsc \np t\mptm hnc-f-ambpw Anv Iqw t]msebpw
ImWp- Xp t]mse- b m- W v . BIm- i - n
shw ImW-s-Sp--Xv. 49
\. th: R-fpsS cq kw, kz]v\w
XpS-nb ZrjvSm-- anYy-bm-sWtm?
kn: A, \n-fpsS Adn-hmWv anYy-sbp
t\cs ]d-p. 50 icn, Am\w BZyw
Bm-Wp-m-Ip--sXp ]d-bq.
\. th: {_-n-\v.
kn: {_w Aev]
t\m kh-t\m?
\. th: kh--\p-a-. Aev]--\p-a. Fs-m, kh--Xzhpw D]m-[n49. t]Pv 369-epw Cu hnjbw N sNbvXn-p-v.
50 t]Pv.....
225
kXym-{]-Im-iw
p s]mn- b - h t\ CXw- K o- I - c n- m- \ m- h q.
Cm hkvXp Dsp tXmpI XnIpw
Akw-`-hy-am-Wv. hy-bpsS ]p{Xs {]Xn_nw_w Hcn- epw Dm- h n- . ""kqemx
tkmtayamx {]Pmx'' 51 XpS-nb OmtmKy
hN-\-p hncp--am-Wo-d-bp--sX-mw.
\. th: \n-tf-m hnZzm-m-cmb hknjvT, i-cm-Nm-cy XpSn \n-e-Zm-k
hsc- b p- - h Fgp- X n- b - X ns\ \n
JWvUn-p-pthm? hkn-jvT. i-cm-Nm-cy
\nivNe
- Z- m-k XpS-n-bh
- c
- mWv Gsd ]WvUnX-m-scv Rp tXmp-p.
kn: \n hnZzmt\m Ahn-Zzmt\m?
\. th: \fpw Hp hnZzm Xs.
kn: Fn, hkn-jvT, i-cm-Nm-cy,
\n-e-Zm-k Fn-h-cpsS ]w \psS
apn kaYn- p- I . \ JWv U \w
sNmw. BcpsS ]w knn-p-pthm AXv
t{ijvTw. Ah-cp-tSbpw \n-fp-sSbpw hmZw
AJ-WvU-\o-b-am-sW-n, Ah-cpsS hmZ-ap-JsImv \p-tSXns\ Fp-sImp JWvUn-p-n? Atm-gt \n-fp-sSbpw Ah-cpsSbpw hmZw am\y-amhq?
i-cm-Nm-cycpw apw ssP\n-Isf JWvUnp--Xn-\p-th-n-bmWv Cu aXw kzoI-cn--sX- \ p- a m- \ n- - W w. tZi- I m- e m- \ p- k r- X - a mbn
kzw ]w m]n- p- - X n- \ p- t h- n
kzmYn-I-fmb hfsc hnZzm-m kzw Bflm-\
- n\p hn]-co-Xa
- mbn {]hn-m-dp-tm. IqSmsX Cu Imcy--sf, AXm-bXv Pothiz-ssc-Iyw, PK-nYy XpS-n-b-hsb kXyw-Xs-sb-p AwKo-I-cn-n-cp-s-n, Ah-cpsS
hmp-I kXy-am-hp-I-bn-m-bn-cp-p.
\n-e-Zm-ks ]mWvUnXyw
\n-e-Zm-ks ]mWvUnXyw t\mq. Cs\-bm-Wv. "Pothm {_mf`n-t-X-\-XzmXv'
Atlw 'hrn{]`mIc-n' Poh-{_-ssIy-ns A\p-am\w Fgp-Xp-I-bm-Wv. tNX-\am-I-bm Poh {_-n \nv A`n--amWv. hfsc Aev]--\mb Bfns ]d-n
t]men-cn-p-p. km[ayw D-Xp-sIm-pam{Xw cp hkvXp- Hm-sWp hcp-n. ssh[ayw t`Z-Ia
- m-Wv. "]rYn-ho-Pemf`nm
PU- X zmXv ' PU- a m- b - X n- \ m ]rYn- h nbpw
226
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Pehpw A`n- - a m- s Wv Bsc- nepw ]dm AXp icn-b-. AtX-t]mse \n-eZm-ks A\p-am-\-n\pw AY-an-. Aev]Xzw, Aev]--X, {`mn-azw apX-emb [a {_-n \np hncp-a
- mbn Poh-\nepw
kh- K X kh- - X , \n{`m- n- zmZn
ssh[ay- {_-n Poh\p hncp--ambn-p-v. AXn-\m {_hpw Poh\pw `n--fm-Wv. Kw, {ZhXzw apX-emb KpW-v
hncp--am-I-bm ]rYn-hnbpw Pehpw H-m-Xp-t]mse Poh\pw {_hpw ssh[ay-fp--h-bm-Ibm Hm-bn-cp-n-. A, Hcnepw Bhp-I-bp-an-. \neZmk\pw apw
Fp ]mWvUn-Xy-ap-m-bn-cp-sv CXn
\np a\-n-em-p-I. tbmKm-h-knjvTw Dmn-bXv B[p-\n-I-\mb GtXm thZm-n-bmWv. hmevao-Intbm hkn-jvTt\m {iocm-at\m
AXp-m-p-Itbm sNmn-sm-Sp-p-Itbm
sNbvXn-n-. Fs-m Ah-scmw thZm\p-bm-bn-I-fmbncpp. thZ-hn-cp--ambn Hpw
cNn- p- I tbm ]d- p- t In- p- I tbm
sNm Ahm-hp-I-bn-.
imco-cnI kq{X--fnepw C
tNmZyw: hymk-a-ljn cNn-n-p imcocnI kq{X--fnepw Poh-{_-ssIyw ImWpn- s - mtWm? t\mq: 1. km- Z ymffhncv`mhx tkz\ i_vZm-Zv. 2. {_mtW
ssPan\n cq]-\ym-km-Zn`yx 3. NnXn-X
- m-t{XW
XZm-flIXzmZn-Xyu-Up-teman 4. Gh-a-]yp-]\ym-kmXv ]qcvh`
- m-hmZ hntcm[w _mZ-cm-bWx
5. AX Gh Nm\\y [n]-Xnx 52
AYw:
1. Poh kzw kzcq- ] s {]m]nv
{]ISamIp-p. apv AXv {_-kz-cq-]-am-bn-cpp. kzx i_vZ-n \nv {_-cq]w Fp
{Kln- - W w. 2. Abm- a mflmf]l- X - ] mflm
CXymZn D]-\ym-k--fp--Xp-sImv sFiz-cy{]m]vXn hsc-bp tlXp--fm {_-cq-]n Poh nXn sNp- p. FmWv
ssPan\n BNm-cys aXw. 3. _rl-Zm-c-Wy-Inse XZm-fl-I-kz-cq] \ncq-]Ww apX-emb
tlXp-cq] hN-\- \nan-w, ssNX-\y-am{X
kzcq-]-ambn Poh apn-bn nXn sNp52.
th.-Z.4.4.1,5,6,7,9.
227
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kvX-tam-]-tZ-im-Xv. 6. t`Z-hy-]-tZ-im-m\y:
7. Kplmw {]hn-jvSm-hm-flm\u ln Xi-\mXv. 8. A\p-]-]-tkvXp \ imco-cx. 9. Acym-ay-[n-tZ-hm-Zn-jp-X-a hy]-tZ-im-Xv. 10.
imco-ct- m-`t- b]n-f ln t`tZ-ss\-\a
- [
- o-bt- X.
(hym- k - a p- \ n- I rX thZm- - Z i\ kq{X.) 53
Aw:- 1. {_-n \np `n-amb
Poh krjvSn Im-h-. Fs-m Cu
Aev]\
- pw, Aev]
\
- pw, Aev]k
- a
- Y-\p-amb
Poh\v krjvSn IrXzw tbmPn-p--X-.
AXn-\m Poh {_-a-.
2. ckw tlyhmbw e_v[zm-\-o-`-hXn CXv
D]-\n-jZ
- z-N\
- a
- m-Wv. 54Poh\pw {_hpw `nam-I-bm Ah-bpsS hyXymkw {]Zn-]m-Zn-n-cnp-p. A-s\-b-m--]w "ckw' AYhm
B\--cq-]n-bmb {_s {]m]nv Poh
B\ kzcq-]-\m-bn-o-cqp F {]m]vXn
hnj-b-amb {_-n-sbpw {]m]n-p--Xmb
Poh-sbpw {]Xn-]m-Z\w tbmPn-p--Xm-hp-Ibn-. AXn-\m Poh\pw {_hpw H-.
3. Znthym lyaqx]cpjx k _mlym`y-t- cm-lyPx A{]mtWm lya-\mx-ip-t{`m-tcmXv ]c-Xx-]c
- x(-ap-fi.2.1.2) Znhy-hpw. iphpw
aq-a
- m-X
- pw, kh{X ]qWhpw AIhpw
]pdhpw \nc-cw hym]-Ihpw P acW ico-c[m-c-WmZn cln-X-hpw, izmk-{]-izm-kw, ico-cw,
a\v Fn-h-tbm-Sp _-n-\-Xo-X-hpw,
{]Imi kzcq-]hpw Fn--s\-bp ]c-am-flhn-ti-jW
-
- f
- p-X
- pw, "Acw' AYhm \mic-ln-X-amb {]Ir-Xn-tb-m kqva-amb Poht\-m kqva-hp-amWv {_w. {]Ir-Xn,
Pohm-flm- Fn-hsb At]-nv {_n- s \p t`Z- s a {]Xn- ] m- Z \w D- X psImv {]IrXn, Poh Fn-h-bn \np
`n-amWv {_w.
4. Cu kh-hym-]n-bmb {_--n Pohs
tN AYhm Poh-\n {_-ns tN
{]Xn-]m-Zn-n-p--Xp-sImv {_hpw Poh\pw
`n-am-Wv. tN `nhkvXp- Xnte
Dm-Ip-h-tm.
5. Cu {_-ns B-cym-anXzw apX-emb
[a--tf-n ]d-p. {_w Pohs AI54. ssX-cob D]-\n-jXv {_m-\--hn 7.
228
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
hn{I-am-Zn-Xy\pw `r-l-cnbpw
CXn- \ p- t ijw ssP\n- I - f p- s Sbpw Iptdsbmw i-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-sSbpw
D]- t Z- i m- [ n- j v T n- X - a mb kwkv I mcw Bcymh-n hym]n-p. Ch Xn JWvU\-a-WvU-\-fpw \S-p-t]m-p. 55 i-cm-Nmcypw apqdp hjw ]nv Dss\o \K-cn hn{Iam-ZnXys\p t]cp {]Xm-]nbmb cmPmhv hmWn-cp-p. Atlw Fm cmPm-mcpw Xn A\p-c-RvP-\-ap-mn kam[m\w m]n-p. AXn-\p-tijw Imhym-Zn-imkv{X--fnepw ap hnj-b--fnepw kmam\yw
]mWvUn-Xy-ap `Xr-lcn cmPmhv Dm-bn.
Atlw hnc--\mbn cmPyw shSn-p. hn{Iam-Zn-Xy\p tijw Aqdp hjw Ignv
t`mP-cm-Pm-hp-m-bn 56 Ctlw Iptd hymI-cWhpw Imhym-e-m-cm-Zn-Ifpw {]N-cn-n--Xns
^e-ambn Bn-S-b-\m-bn-cp Imfn-Zm-k\v cLphwiw t]mep Imhyw cNn-m Ign-p. 57
t`mP- c m- P m- h ns ] Bsc- nepw \
tmIw Dm- n- s mp sNm hfsc
[\hpw am\y-Xbpw \evIn Ahsc t{]mmln-n-n-cp-p. CXn\p tij-ap-mb cmPm-mcpw {]`p--mcpw ]Tnw t]mepw Dt]n-p-If
-
p.
i-cm-Nm-cyp tijw, ssihw apX-emb
k{- Z m- b - m- c p- m- b n. Fm Ahv
{]m_eyw Inn-bn-. hn{I-am-Zn-Xys Imew
55. _u-cn hkp-_-, ZnMv\m-K, Cuiz-ctk-\, [a-Ion apX-em-b-hcpw adp-`m-Kv
DtZym-X-Ic, Ipam-cne `, hmN-kv]-Xn-an-{i
XpS-n-b-h-cpw.
56. t`mP-s\p t]cp ]e cmPm--mcpw
Dm-bn-cp-p. ChnsS ]d-bp t`mP
hn{I-am-Zn-Xy\v GI-tZiw 1000 hjw tijw
Dmb cmPm-hm-Wv.
57. CXv Inwh-Z-n-bm-Wv. cLp-hw-i-ns
Im-hmb Imfn-Zm-ks icn-bm-b- t]cv
lcn-tj-W Fm-bn-cp-p. kap-{Z-Kp-]vXs a{nbm-bn-cp-n-t-lw. t`mPs Ime-p-mb.
Imfn-Zm-k thsd-bm-Wv. (Ir-jvW-N-cn-{Xw).
229
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Xpw Kzmfn-tbm cmPy-nse `nWvUv \K-cnse Xnhmcn {_m-W-cpsS hon D-Xpamb kRvPo-h\n F Ncn{X {K-n-epv . CXv eJp- \ m- b nse dmhp kmtl_pw
t\cnp In-p--Xm-Wv.
alm-`m-c-X-n Iev
AXn kv]jvS-ambn Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-p
hymk-a-ljn \mem-bn-c-n-\m-\qdpw At-lns injy-m Am-bn-cn Adp-\qdpw
tmI--sf-gpXn BsI ]Xn-\m-bncw tmI-fn-emWv alm-`m-cXw cNn--Xv. CXv hn{I-am-ZnXy
alm-cm-Pm-hns ]nXm-hns ka-bv Ccp]--m-bn-chpw Rm a[y-h-b-n-se-n-bnp Cm-ev ap-Xn-\m-bn-chpw tmI-fm-bn-cn-p-p. Cs\ hfm alm-`m-cX
]pkvXIw Hcp HI-ns Npa-Sm-bn-o-cpw. 62
Ejn--ap-\n-am-cpsS t]cpw ]dv ]pcm-W-{K--fp-m-n-bm Bcym-h-nse
P\- taml- P m- e - ns]v sshZn- I [w shSnv {`jvS-cm-Ipw. t`mP-cm-Pm-hn\v
Hp sshZn- I - k w- k v I mcw Dm- b n- c p- s v
CXn \np a\-n-em-mw. Ct-l-s--nbp t`mP-{]-_--n Cs\ Fgp-Xn-bncn-pp:-
LssSy-Ibm t{Imi-Z-ssi-I-aiz: kpIr{Xntam K-Xn-Nm-cp-KXym hmbp ZZmXn hyP\w
kp]p-jvI-ew, hn\m a\p-tjyW Ne-Xy-P-{kav. 63
t`mP-cm-Pm-hns cmPy-nepw kao] cmPy-fnepw hfsc {]K--cmb inev]n-I-fp-m-bn-
230
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
sshjvWh aXm-cw`w
t`mP-cm-Pm-hn\p tijw \q-Xp sImw
Ignv sshjvWh
- a
- Xw Bcw-`n-p. 64 IRvPc- hWn ]nd iT-tIm-] 65 F-bmfm-Wn-Xn-\m-cw`w Ipdn--Xv. AXn\p tijw
tXmn hK-n ]nd ap\n-hm-l\
- \
- pw, aqmaXv b-h\ Ipe-Pm-X\
- mb buh-\m-Nm-cy\pw Cu
aX-ns BNm-cy-m-cm-bn. \mem-aXv {_W
Ipe-Pm-X\
- m-b. cmam-\p-P\
- p-m-bn. Atlw Cu
aXw hfsc {]N-cn-n-p.
]pcm-W--fpsS cN\
64. `mK-h-X-aXw F t]cn sshjvWh k{-Zmbw
AXn-]p-cm-Wa
- m-Wv. Cm-ev AXns ]p\-cp-oh\w Dmbn FYw.
65. Ib-dp-]n-cn-p hK-am-Wv IRvP-c-hWw.
231
kXym-{]-Im-iw
232
69. iX-]-Yw81.2.3
70. Io-cn\np hr-ap-m-hn-sp Xmev]-cyw.
71. kv{Xo]p-cp-j-mv kzW, cP B`-c-W--fmhm-sav kwkvm-c-hn-[n, hnhm-l-{]-I-cWw B`c-W-am-Wv, BkvXn-b-.
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
233
kXym-{]-Im-iw
emb \ma- GIhpw AZzn-Xo-bhpw kh\n-b-mhpw khm--cy-manbpw Bb PK-Zo-izcs hnhn[ KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h--f-\p-k-cn-p-h-bm-sWv Nnn-p--tX-bn. C-s\-bp
aqV-m-tcmSv Cuiz-c tIm]n-p-I-bnt?
N{Im-n-X-cpsS IY
C\n N{Im-nX sshjvW-h-cpsS ApX
IY tIpI: Xm]x- ]p{fiw bYm-\m-aamem a{-kvX-ssY-h-N. Aao ln ]-kwkvmcmx ]c-ssa-Im tlXhx 73 "AX-]vXX-\qcv\ XZmtam Aiv\ptX' 74 CXn-{ip-tX.
AYw: Xm]x= iwJv, N{Iw, KZ, ]flw
Fo ap{Z-I Npp ]gp-nv `qP-aq-e--fn
AS-bmfw Ipp-p. Fnv ]mm-{X-n
apn NqSm-p-p. Nne Cu ]m IpSn-bvpIbpw sNp-p. t\mq! a\p-jy- amw-k-ns
kzmZv B ]men ImWp-sav {]Xy--am-Wtm. C-s\-sb-m-ap Ia- sImv
Cuiz-c-{]m-]vXn-bp-m-Ip-sav Bin-p-Ibpw
iwJ- N - { Im- Z n- I sImv Imn- p- msX
Poh Cuiz-cs\ {]m]n-p-I-bn-sp ]d-bpIbpw sNp-p. Fs-m Npn Ipm-h Bax AYhm ]mI-am-Im--h BW-t{X.
"hn't]mep AS-bm-f- Iv hnm-in-]mbn-sbpw apw cmP-`r-Xysc Xncn--dn-bp--Xpt]mse hnjvWp-hns Bbp-[--fmb iwJ-N{Im-Zn-IfpsS Nn- Iv ba-[a\pw `Smcpw `b-s-bp-a-t{X. Ah ]d-bpp;
_m\m _Um Zbm Im XneIv Om]v Hu
am bav Uss] Imeq Itl `qb-amt\
`q]mev 75
`K-hms Ae-m-c-amb Xne-Ihpw ap{Zbpw
amebpw [cn-p-Xv al-Xz-am-Wv. AXns\
cmPmhpw ba-cm-Pmhpw `b-s-Spp F-Yw.
Xm] ]p{fim-Zn-I-fpsS hymJym\w
]p{fiw={Xniqew t]mse s\n- b n
aptm]n hc- b v p- - X v . \maw=\mcm- b W
Zmk, hnjvWp Zmk, apX-emb Zmk-s\-h-km-\n-p t]cnSp-I. ame=Xma-c-p-cp-am-e75. Zbm-ep-hmb Cuiz-cs alm-Nn--fmWv Xne-Ihpw ap{Zbpw ame-bpw. ba\pw `q]me\pw AXp-Iv `b-s-Sp-sa-Xn kwi-b-an-.
(`--ame 6)
234
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
235
kXym-{]-Im-iw
X-ntem Imntem Hfnp hbvp-Itbm Ipgnn-Sp-Itbm sNpw. Fnv injy-m-tcmSv shfn]mSp t]mse Cs\ ]dbpw: cm{Xn-bn
F\n-smcp kz]v\a
- p-m-bn. alm-tZ-h, ]mXn, cm[, IrjvW, koX, cma, As-n
evanbpw \mcm-b-W\pw AYhm ss`c-h
l\p-am Fn-h-cn-em-cp-sS-sb-nepw t]cp ]dv, ""kz]v\
- n Acp-fn-s-bvXp. Rm CnS-p-v, Fs-sIm-p-h-v Aew ]WnXv
{]Xn-jvTn-Ww. \o Xs ]qPm-cn-bp-am-I-Ww.
Fn \n-fpsS at\m-hm-RvOn-X--sfmw
\S-q. Atm a\-p Xpd-m--hcpw aSnoe Xpd--h-cp-amb Bfp-I t]mns eoeI tI-]Sn hniz-knv Fhn-sS-bmWv hn{K-lsap tNmZn-pw. C ]h-X-n-setm
C Imn-setm t]mv ]d-bpw. DSt\ Ah
B NXn-bs IqsS ]pd-s-Spw. sNp t\mptm hn{Klw Iv B-cy-s-Spw. t]mns
Imev hoWv \a-kvI-cnv ]d-bp-I-bp-mbn
""Cu `K-hms A\p-{Klw A-bn-ep-v. Av
`K- h ms\ Fgp- - n- p- sImp t]mbm- s .
R Aew ]WnXp Xcmw. AhnsS {]XnjvTnv Ap Xs ]qPn-m-s. Rfo hnfnp-dp hcp `K-hms\ Ipw sXmpw 78
at\m-hm-RvOn-X--fmb ^e- t\Sn-smmw.'' Cs\ Hcp-h eoe-I-fm-Sn-b-tm
AXp-Iv ap ]ecpw hb-p-]n-g-n-\mbn NXnbnepw Im]-Sy-n-eq-sSbpw hn{K-l- {]XnjvTn-p.
hn{K-lhpw Cuiz-c-kva-c-Wbpw
tNmZyw: Cuiz-c \ncm-Im-c-\m-Wv. AXn\m [ym\-n sImp-h-cm kmy-a-.
AXn-\m hn{Klw IqSntb Ign-bq. asmpw
sNp-hm-\m-Ip-n-s-nepw hn{K-l-n-\p-apn sNv ssIIqn Cuiz-cs\ kvacn-pIbpw \maw sNmp-Ibpw sNp--Xn-se-mWv
Xc-tSv?
Dcw: Cuizc \ncm-Im-c\pw kh-hym]nbp-am-Wv. B Cuiz-cs hn{Klw \nanmt\ kmy-a-. hn{K-l-ns Zi-\-am-{Xbn Cuiz-c-kva-c-W-bp-m-Ip-sa-n Cuizcs ApX cN-\-bmb ]rYzn, Pew. An,
236
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
237
kXym-{]-Im-iw
238
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
X{ anYy
tNmZyw: X{- I-amtWm?
Dcw: AsX. Xopw I-am-Wv. inemZn-hn-{K-l
- sf kw_-n Bhm-l\
- w, {]mW{]- X njv T apX- e m- b - h - s b- n Hscm a{w
t]mepw thZ- - f n C. AXp- t ]mse
kv\m\w ka]-bman CXymZn hN-\--fp-an-.
AXm-bXv ]mjm-WmZn aqnw cN-bnXzm antcjp kwm]y Km-Zn-`n-cN-tbXv inemhn-{Klw ]WnXv A-e-n {]Xn-jvTnv
N\w AXw apX-em-b-h-bm ]q-Pn--Ww.
C-s\-sbmpw Hpw C-X-s.
239
85
kXym-{]-Im-iw
240
a\p-kvarXn 2.11
Sn. 12.95-96
hntcm-t[-Xz-\-t]yw kymZ-kXn ly\p-am-\-av.
(ao-amw-km-Zi\w 1.3.3). thZ-hn-cp--sa-n
{]am-Wa. hncp--asn {]mam-Wys
A\p-am-\n-m-hp--XmWv F-Yw.
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
F{Xsbnepw X{tam ]pcm-Wtam Dmbmepw thZ-hn-cp--am-I-bm I-am-Wv. AhbpsS t]mv thZ-hn-]-co-X-am-bn-m-Wv. Ah-bn
]d-bp hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bpw A[aam-Wv.
a\p-jy-cpsS m\w PU-]q-P-bm hnp-I-bn-sp am{X-a-, Aev]-kzev] m\ap-Xv \jvSs
- -Sp-Ib
- pta Dffq. m\n-If
- psS
tkhm kwkK-sIm--msX hn{K-lm-cm[-\-sImv Cuiz-cs\ [ym\-n hcp-m
Ftm-sg-nepw Ign-bptam? Ct-bn-. hn{K-lmcm-[\ Hcn-epw tkm]m-\-a-. AKm-[-Kam-Wv. IqSmsX B K-n \nv Hcp
Imepw c-s-Sm-\m-hn-. AXn InSp
Nmhp-Itb Dq. sNdnb [manI hnZzm-m
apX alm hnZzm-m-cmb tbmKn-I hsc-bp-h-cpsS kwkKw-sImv {]m]n-p kZznZy, kXy-`m-jWw apX-em-bh Cuiz-c-{]m-]vXnp tkm]m- \ - - f m- W p- X - s . hoSns
apI\n-e-bn-te-p-t]m-Im-\p GWn--Sn-t]mse, hn{K-l-]q-P-sN-bvX-h-cmcpw m\n-I-fm-bnn-sp am{X-a-, Am-\n-I-fmb hn{K-lmcm-[-I a\p-jy-Pw hyY-amn arXn-b-S-nt-bp-q. Ctm sNp--hcpw C\n sNm
t]mIp--hcpw a\p-jy-P--nse [amY-Ima-tam---fpsS {]m]vXn-bm-Ip ^e--tfmSv
hnap-J-cmbn shdpsX \jvS-s-p-t]m-hp-Itb
Dq. {_-{ ]m-] vX n-b vp qe- e yw
hn{Klmcm-[-\-b-, [man-I-cmb hnZzm-mcpw
krjvSn-hn-Zy-bp-amWv. CXp {ItaW hnI-kn-np-sIm-p-hv {_-{]m]vXn Dm-m-hp-Xm-Wv. IqSmsX hn{Klw ]mh-sIm-p Ifnt]m-se-bp-a-. A-cm-`ym-kw, \ inWw
Fn-h-bmWv {_-{]m-]vXn-p km[-\-I.
\ in-Whpw hnZym-`ym-khpw e`n-p-tm
bYmY DS-b-h-\mb ]c-am-flm-hn-s\bpw {]m]np--Xm-Wv.
hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS 16 tZmj-
tNmZyw: kmIm-c-am-b-Xn a\kv ncam-Ipw. \ncm-Im-c-n nc-am-Im {]bmk-am-Wv. AXn-\m hn{K-lm-cm-[\ th-XpX-s.
Dcw: kmIm-c-n Hcn-epw a\kv
nc-am-hp-I-bn-. AXns\ a\kv s]sp
{Klnv Hmtcmtcm Ah-b-h-nepw amdn-amdn
k-cn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p. \ncm-Im-c-\mb ]c-
241
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Ppx) 89
2. BNmcy D]-\-b-amt\m {_-Nm-cn-W-antX 90
3. AXn-Yncv Krlm-\p] Kt-Xv 91 (A-Yhw)
4. AcvNX {]mNX {]nb-ta-[mtkm AcvNX 92 (E-tKz-Zw)
5. Xztah {]Xyw {_mkn Xzmtah
{]Xyw {_-hZ- n-jym-an. (ssX-n-cob D]\n-j-v) 93
6. IXa GtIm- t Zh CXn k {_
XzZnXymN-tX 94
7. amXr- t Zm- t hm- ` h ]nXr- t Zmthm `h
BNmcy tZthm `h AXn-YntZthm `hx
(ssX-n-cotbm]\n)jXv 95
8. ]nXr-`ncv{`m-Xr-`n-ssXmx ]Xn-`ncvtZ-hssc-kvXYm ]qPym `qj-bn-X-hym _lp-Ieym-W-an-]vkp`nx 96
9. ]qtPym ln tZh-hXv ]Xnx (a-\p-kvarXn) 97
1. aqn-a-Xnbpw ]qP-\o-b-bp-amb tZhX
A-bm-Wv. km-\- ico-c, a\, [\-fm tkh\w sNbvXv Asb kp-jvS-bm-Ww. lnwk AYhm ]oU\w Hcn-epw
sN-cp-Xv.
2. kXvIm-c-tbm-Ky-\mb cm-as tZh
A-\mWv. A-t\bpw A-tb-tmse ip{iqjn--Ww.
3. aqm-aXv hnZy \Ip BNm-cy-\m-Wv.
At-l-tbpw ico-c--a-\--[-\--fm tkhn-Ww.
4. \mem- a s tZh AXn- Y n- b mWv
hnZzm\pw [man-I\pw \njvI-]-S-\pw, Fm-hcp-tSbpw DXn B{K-ln-p--bmfpw Fm-bnSpw k-cnv ktXym-]-tZiw sNbvXv BfpIv kuJyw \evIp--bm-fp-amb AXn-Ynsb
kXvIm-c-]qhw tkhn--Ww.
5. kv{Xobvv kz`mhpw ]pcp-j\p kz`m95. ssXn-co-tbm-]-\n-jv hn1--A-\p-11.
96 a\p-kvarXn 3/55
97. a\p-kvarXn 5/144 D]-Ncyx kv{Xnbm
km[vhym-k-XXw tZh-hXv ]Xnx Fpv
243
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Kbm-{imw
tNmZyw:- Kb-bn {imw sNbvXm ]nXr ]m]-ap--cm-bn, Ahn-Sps {imns ]pWy- { ]- ` m- h - m kzK- n
t]mIp-sa--Xpw, ]n-Xr- ssI\on _en]nWvUw kzoI-cn-p-sa-Xpw icn-bm-Wv.
CXpw I-amtWm?
Dcw:- Xopw Iw. AhnsS ]nWvUw
hbvp--Xn C{Xbpw al-Xz-ap-s-n,
]WvU 99-Iv ]nXr-ku-Jy-n\p thn
\Ip e--W-n\p cq] Ah Kb-bn
thiym-K-a-\-n\pw apw Nne-h-gn-p--Xn
hcp- ]m]w Fp-sImv Xocpn? Ctm
Ahn-sS-bmcpw ssI\o-m-dn-. ]WvU-I-f-m-sX.
GtXm kq{X-imen `qan Ipgnv Kpl-bp-mn
AXn Hcp-hs\ Ccp-n-bn-cn-mw. Ipgn-bn
Z`-hn-cnv ]nWvUw hXv Abm ssI\on
FSp-n-cn-mw. Am-\n-bmb [\-hms\
C-s\-sIm--b-Sn-s-n AXn-e-p-X-an-.
AXp- t ]mse sshP- \ m- Y s\ cmh- W
sImph-s IYbpw I-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:- t\mq! Iev-bn Imfn,
Iamn apX-emb tZhn-Isf e--W-n-
244
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
245
kXym-{]-Im-iw
246
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
hn{K-l
- n\p ka-ambn Xqn. Chbpw amlmfly--f-s-ptm?
Dcw:- A. ` hn{Klw Ip-sIm-pt]m-bn-cn-mw. Im]-W-anS kzWw hn{K-ln\p ka-am-sb-Xv GtXm Im-hp-I-S-bn
hp ]d--Xm-Imw.
tkma\mY-t-{Xhpw Kkv\nbpw
tNmZyw:- tkma-\m-Y-hn-{Klw \new-sXm-SmsX-bmWv \nn-cp--Xv. CsXmcp alm-pXw
Xs- b m- b n- c p- p. AtXm CXpw anYybmtWm?
Dcw:- anYy-X-s. t{X-n Iogvta
Im- - p- I ]nSn- n- n- c p- p. AXns
BIj-W-n hn{Klw B[m-c-an-msX
\n-Xm-Wv. al-Zv Kkv\n hv bpw sNbvXtm Cu t{X--sfmw XIp F
Ap- X - a p- m- bn. ]qPm- cn- I fpw `- mcpw
IjvSm-h--bn-em-bn. e--W-n\p `S-m
]Xn-\m-bncw `S-m-tcmSv tXmtm-Sn. Atm
t]m-mcpw ]qPm-cn-Ifpw alm-tZh! Cu tmsc sImv Rsf cn-mepw F-t]nv ]qP-bpw, app-]m-Sp-In-S
- e
- pw, kvXpXn-bpw,
{]mY-\bpw \S-p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p. Fnv kzinjy-m-cmb cmPm--m-tcmSv ""Ahn-Spp hnjan-t-. alm-tZ-h ss`c-h-t\tbm hoc-`-{Zs\tbm Ab-bvpw. Ah t-msc sImpItbm
A- c m- p- I tbm
sNpw.
Ctms \psS tZh-m {]Xy-cmIpw. Fp-am-{X-a R-sfm Imcy-fpw
Gsv l\p-am-\pw, ZpKbpw ss`c-h\pw kz]v\n Acp-fn-bn-p-v. Fp ]dv kmz-\s- S p- n. B ip- - m- c mb cmPm- - mcpw
{Xn-bcpw t]m-m-cpsS ]n-em-
- nsv
tIXv hniz-kn-n-cp-p.
F{X- s b- nepw tPymXn- j n- I Ctm
B{I-an-m ]nb aplq-a Fp ]dbpw. AjvS-a-n N{-\pv Fsm-cp-
247
kXym-{]-Im-iw
248
111. hn{I-ak
- w-h
- c
- a
- m-Wn-X.v Cwo-jh
v j-t-m 57
hjw apn-em-Wv hn{I-a-kw-h--cw. 1914 hn{I-akw-h-cw 1857 G.-Un. bmWv. Hmw kzmX-{yk-a-c-m-ew. aljn CXn ]s-Sp-n-cp--Xmbn
tcJ-I-fpv.
112 D-tc-y-bnse dnwhm-i-l-tUm F
{]tZ-is Hcp {Kma-n-emWv Cu B{I-aWw
\S--Xv. 1857-se Hmw kzX-{y-k-a-c-n Cu
{]tZ-is Hcp hK-amb _tL-ep-I Cwo-jpIm-tcmSv Gp-ap-n. CXv APvao-dn\np {]kn-oI-cn-p "]tcm-]-Imcn' F amkn-I-bpsS 1975
sk]vXw-_ e-n ]ckyw sNbvX "hnym`q-`mKvtaw aljn-Zb
- m-\ kc-kzXo Im ]cn-{`-a
Ghw hn{imav' F, KtWiv {]kmZv kml-bpsS
teJ-\-n {]Xn-]m-Zn-n-p-v.
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
b- { - n- e qsS
Ib- d n- b n- d - n- b m
]p\w Dm-hp-I-bn-. Tpac (Ip-n-pcp) ame-b-Wn-mte ]qW-\mb alm-flmhm- I q. lnwK- e m- P n t]mbn hcm- - h
A-a-lm-flm-th-bm-Iq. CsXmw Ahn-izk-\o-btam?
Dcw:- Ahn-iz-k-\obw Xs. ]-Xn \nv XoPzme ]pd-s-Sp--XmWv Pzmemap-Jn. Fmw ]qPm-cn-I-fpsS hnNn-{X-tI-fn-I-fmWv. Ic-n-bn s\sm-gnv Xmfn-mthn
NqSm-p-tm AXn Xo ]nSn-p-p. FSpp-am-p-Itbm DuXp-Itbm sNbvXm AX-Wbpw. Iptd s\v Fcnp Xon- c n- pw.
_mn tijn-pw. CXp-t]m-semcp kw`-hta
Ahn-sS-bp-q. ASp-n Fn-mepw In-cn-bpw. hontem Imntem Xo ]nSn-m Fmw
shp-t]m-Ipw. CXn FmWv hnti-j-am-bpXv? Hc--ehpw IpWvUhpw Ap-an-pw
Iptd Pe-\nK-a-\n-Ifpw Hgn-sI.
lnwK-em-Pn Hcp khm-cn-bp-an-. 113 DXv
t]m-m-cp-sSbpw ]qPm-cn-I-fp-sSbpw Ifn am{Xam- W v . shhpw sNfnbpw \nd Hcp
IpWv U apmn hn- p- v . AXn- \ Sn- b n
\np Ipanf hcpw. AXp ImWp--XmWv k^e-bm-{X-sbp aqV-m [cn-p-p. tbm\ob{w [\-a-]-l-cn-m Dmnh-Xm-Wv.
Ipn-am-e-bpsS Imcyhpw t]mp-I-fn-bm-Wv.
AXp-sI-n-bm alm-flm-hm-Ip-sa-n Hcp arKn-s\-smv Ipn-p-cp-am-eb
- psS NpaSv Npan-m AXpw alm-]p-cp-j-\m-Iptam? henb
Da ]pcp-jmw sImt alm-]p-cp-j-\mhq.
Aar-X-k-ckpw Aa-c-\m-Yhpw apw
tNmZyw:- AarX kc-knse Ipfw \ndsb
Aar-X-am-Wv. ]pfn-n-m-bpsS ]IpXn a[pc- a p- - X m- W v . tdhmk- d n h-
X\nsb A-c-bn-sc IS-p-p. Aa-c-\mYn inh-enwKw X\nsb Dm-Ip-p. lname- b - n CW- { ]m- h p- I hv Zi\w
\In aS-p-p. CsXmw hniz-kn-m
]mSn-m--XmtWm?
Dcw:- Aar-X-k-c-kv 114 FXv B Ipfns t]cp am{X-am-Wv. AhnSw ImSm-bn-cp-tm AXnse shw ip-am-bn-cp-n-cn-mw.
AXv Aar-Xm-bn-cp-s-n AXp IpSn--h,
]pcm-W-hn-izm-kn-I hniz-kn-p-Xp t]mse
acn--cp-Xm-bn-cp--tm. `nn hoWp-t]m-ImsX
Ip\n-bpI am{Xw sNp Xc-n \nan-Xm-hmw. ]pfn-n-bn at-sX-nepw ac-n
Hnp ]nSn-n-t- Xm, As-n ip-s]m-fntbm
Bbn-cn-pw. tchm-k-dn 115 sNmSw ]Wnn-cn-p-X
- n Ftm I-W
- n-bp-v. Aac-\m-Y-n ap-sImv h]hXw DmIp-p. Atm Pe-I-W- Ddv sNdnb
enMvKw Dm-Ip--Xn-se-m-Wm-cyw? ]qPmcn-I hfp amS-{]m-hp-Isf Xpdp hnSptm Ah {]Xy--s-Spw. ae-I-fpsS ad-hn
\nv hnSp--Xm-Imw. {]Zin-nv ]Ww ]nSpp-p-ap-m-Imw.
lc-Zzmcpw apw
tNmZyw:- lc-Zzm-c, kzK-Zzm-ca
- m-Wv. lIoss]Un AYhm inhs IS-hn kv\m\w
sNbvXm Fm ]m]-fpw Hgn-bpw. Xt]mh-\-n Xma-kn-m X]-kzn-bm-Ipw. tZh{]-bm-K, KwtKm-{Xn-bnse tKmap-Jw, D-c-Imin-bn Kp]vXI
- m-in, {Xbp-K\m-cm-bW
- Ch
XoY m\--fm-Wv. tIZm-cw, _Z-co-\m-cmbWw Fn-hn-S
- f
- nse ]qP Bdp-amkw a\pjy-cpw, Bdp-amkw tZh-mcpw \S-p-p.
alm-tZ-hs apJw t\m-fn-em-Wv, AXns\
]ip-]-Xn-sbp hnfn-p-p. ]rjvTw tIZm-cn-epw, Ducp- XpwK-\m-Y-nepw ]mZ Aa-c-\m-Y-n-ep-am-Wv. Chn-S--fn
Zi- \ w, kv ] i- \ w, kv \ m\w Fnh
249
kXym-{]-Im-iw
250
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
aSn-h-cp--Xm-bmWv ImWp--Xv. C\n hhcpw apn-a-cn-mepw BIm-i-n hmbp-hnt\mSv tNv ]p\w {]m]n-p-p-v.
XoY- c m- P - s \ t]cpw ]Ww]nSp- n- I
\evIn-b-Xm-Wv. PU-h-kvXp-hn cmPm--{]-Pmt`Zw Hcn-epw Dm-hp-I-bn-.
Atbm-[ym-\-Kcw AXnse hmkn-I-fmb ]nI, Igp-X-I, tXmn-I, sNcp-p-Ip-n-I,
shw-tIm-cn-IklnXw aqp XhW kzKn t]msb-Xv Akw-`-hy-am-Wv. Cpw
Ahn-sS--s-bpv. AXp-t]mseXs-bp-v.
t]m-m-cpsS hmbvp-tXm-nb tImXp
]mn Atbmy kz-p-t]mbn Cu ]mv
i_vZ-ambn Hgp-In-\-S-p-p. Cw Xs
ss\-an-jm-c-Wy-s--nbpw apw Ch ]d-bp-Xnepw Ifn-I-fp-v.
aYpc aqp-tem-I--fn \npw `n-amsWp ]d- b p- - X n AY- s am- p- a n- .
Fm AhnsS aqp Iq almPp--fmbp-v. BIm-i-nepw `qan-bnepw Pe-nepw
D Bpw Ah-cn \nv kuJyw e`npI hnj-a-am-Wv. Hv Nut_. 118 Bsc-nepw
kv \ m\- n\p t]mbm Ahsc ]nSn- I qSn
]dbpw:- ""hms bP- a m- \ t\, Imhpw
apfIpw tNp Pe-]m-\hpw eUvVp `-Whpw. bP-am-\\v Pb Pb ]mSs'' cv shnse Ba ISnp Xnp-I-fbpw Chsb
t]Snv Ipfn-mt\ km[y-a. aqv apI-fn-encn- p c- a p- J - p- c - p- I , Xe- s pw
sXmnbpw, B`- c - W hpw, Fn\v sNcn- pt]mepw hnSn- . ISn- p- X n- pw. sXn- b nv
sImp-I-fbpw. Ch aqpw t]m-mpw
injy-mpw ]qP-\o-b-cm-Wv. ap-I-W-n\v
IS-ebpw ap [m\y-fpw Ba-bvpw, IS-ebpw
i-cbpw apw Ipc-n-\pw, Nut_-amv
Zn-Wbpw eUvVphpw apw \evIn Ah-cpsS
tkh-I tkh\w sNp-p-v.
hrm-h-\-am-I-s, Dm-bn-cp-tm Dmbn-cp-p. Ctm-g-hnsS thiym-h\w t]mse
]n-em-hpw Kpcp--in-jy-m-cpsS tIfnbpw \Sp-p. Aw Zo]-am-ebpw apw t]m-mcpsS Dt-i-kn-n-p-X-Ip--Xm-Wv. tKmh\--{h-P-bm-{X-Ifpw A-s\-X-s. Ipcp-t-{X-
251
kXym-{]-Im-iw
252
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
h-cnepw Ir]m-Zr-jvSn-bp-h
- , kh-i
- nam
kzkm-aYy-n \np am{Xw PK-n-ssbmw DXv ] - n- - n- X n- - { ]- f - b - \Sp am- c n \npw klmbw kzoI- c nm; {_mhvPK-nse hnhn[ ]ZmY-fpsS {kjvSm-hv, hnjvWp kh{X hym]nv
kwc-n-p-, alm-tZ-h kh-tZ-h-m-cpsSbpw tZh. cp{Z {]f-bI
- mhv apX-emb
\mamY- sf Xn [mcWw sN- W w.
AXm-bXv henb {]hr-n-I sImv hen-bh- \ m- I p- I , kaY- c n kaY\m- h p- I ,
kmaYys hn-n-p-I, A[w Hcnepw sNm-Xn-cn-p-I, Fm-h-tcmSpw Zbhp
Imp-I, kh-hn[ kma-{Kn-Ifpw kaY-am-nh-bvp-I, inev]-hn-Zy-bm hnhn-[-]-ZmY--fpm-p-I, Fm-hc
- p-tSbpw kpJ-Zpx-J
- XtXn\p Xpey-ambn Icp-Xp-I, Fm-h-tcbpw kwcn-p-I, hnZzm-m-cn hv hnZzm-\m-hp-I,
ZpjvIw sNm-Xn-cn-p-I, sNp--hsc
inn-p-I, k-\-sf cn-pI Cs\
Cuiz-cs KpW-Ia kz`m-h
- sf \ma-f
- n
\n-dnv AXn-\-\p-Iq-e-ambn kzw KpWIa-kz-`m-h-sf cq]-s-Sp-p--XmWv Cuizc-\m-a-kva-c-Ww.
Kpcp alm-fly-J-WvU\w
tNmZyw:- Kpcp{_m Kpcphn-jvWpKpcptZthm atl- i zcx Kpcp- t ch ]cw- { _
Xkvssa {ioKp-cpth \ax 124 CXymZn Kpcp-amlmflyw kXy-at? Kpcp-hns ImI-gpIn
tkhn- p- I , Bm- ] n- p- - X p- t ]mse
{]hn-p-I, Kpcp AXym-{K-ln-sb-n hma\-Xp-eyw, t{Im[n-sb-n \c-knw-l-Xp-eyw,
tamln-bm-sW-n cma-Xp-eyw, Iman-bm-sW-n
IrjvW-Xpeyw Kpcp-hns\ Icp-X-Ww. Kpcp
Fp ]m]w sNbvXmepw Xn--d-b-cp-Xv. Kpcphns\ ImWp-hm t]mIp-tm hbvp
Hmtcm Imshbv]pw Aiz-ta-[-ns ^ew
\Ip--Xm-Wv. CXv icn-bmtWm?
Dcw:- icn-b-. {_m, hnjvWp, atliz-c Fnh Cuiz-cs t]cp-I-fm-Wv. Cuizc\p Xpey-\mb Kpcp Hcn-epw Dm-hp-I-bn. Cu Kpcp-am-lm-flyhpw Kpcp-Ko-Xbpw henb
t]mp-eo-e-bm-Wv. amXmhv, ]nXmhv, BNm-cy,
124. Kpcp-KoX
253
kXym-{]-Im-iw
254
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
apv km[n-p-I-bn--tm. hymk P\n-p-Xn\p app Xs thZmYw ]Tn-p-Ibpw ]Tnn-p-Ibpw tIp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. AXn\m AXn- { ]m- N o- \ - a mb {_m- W - { K- sf 129 kw_-np am{Xta CXv kw`-hy-amhp-I-bp-q. \ho-\-amb {ioa-Zv`m-K-hXw inh-]pcmWw apX-emb anYym-`q-jnX {K--fn
CXn\p kw`m-hy-X-bn-.
hymk\pw thZ-hym-k\pw
hymk-a-ljn thZw ]Tn--bpw, thZmYw
{]N-cn-n-bpw sNbvX-Xp-sIm-mWv thZ-hymk-s\ t]cn-l-\m-b-Xv. ]mcm-hm-c-ns
a[y-tc-J-bvmWv hymk-sap ]d-bp--Xv.
EtKz-Zm-cw`w apX AYh thZmw hsc ]Tnn-p. ipI-tZ-h, ssPan\n XpS-nb injymsc ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A\yYm Atl-ns P-\maw Irjv-W-ssZz-]m-b-\-s\-mbn- c p- p. thZ- sf hymk Hn- ptNsp ]d-bp-Xp I-am-Wv. Fsm ]nXm--]n-Xm-a-l--]-c-]n-Xm-a-l Bb
]cm-ic
- , in-hk
- n-jvT, {_m 130 BZn-bmb-h NXpth-Z- ]Tn-bpw ]Tn-n-pIbpw sNbvXn-cns CsX-s\ tbmPnpw?
inh-]p-cm-Whpw apw
tNmZyw:- ]pcm-W--fnse Imcy--sfmw
Itam Iptd-sbms kXytam?
Dcw:- hf-sc-sbmw Iw. Nne-sXmw
Hn-gv A-ca
- m-Ipw-]Sn kXy-hp-am-Wv. kXyam-b-sXmw thZmZn kXy-im-kv{X--fn-te-XmWv. I-samw Cu t]m-m-cpsS ]g-p-cmW--fp-am-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-n\v, inh-]p-cm-Wn inhs\ kth-iz-c-\mbn AwKo-I-cn-v,
hnjvWp, {_m-hv, KtW-i, C{, kqcy
apX-em-b-hsc inhs Zmk-m-cmbn ssihm ]cn- K - W n- p- p. sshjv W - h - c m- I - s ,
hnjvWp-]p-cm-Wm-Zn-I-fn hnjvWp-hns\ ]c-amflm-hmbn KWnv inh-t\bpw apw Zmk-m-cmp-p. tZhn `mK-h-X-n tZhnsb kthiz-cn-bmbpw inh, hnjvWp apX-em-b-h-tcbpw
KtW-i-J-WvU-n KtW-is\ Cuiz-c\pw
as-m-h-tcbpw In-c-mcpw Bp-p. CXv
130. Cu Ipe-]-c-c alm-`m-c-X-nepw apw hWn-np-v. ChnsS ]d-bp {_m BZyjn-b-m-bn-cn-Ww.
255
kXym-{]-Im-iw
256
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
257
kXym-{]-Im-iw
m-c ImWp--h. ImWp--h-\t{X ]iyI) {`a-c-ln-X-\mbn kIe Ncm-N-c-P-K-n-t\bpw, kIe Pohm-flm, Ah-cpsS Ia-
kI-e-hn-Zy-I Fn-h-tbbpw Aw Xs
ImWp-h Fw. alm-`mjynse
BZy hn]-cy-bm- 134 F hN-\-{]-Im-chpw, BZy- cw Ah- k m- \ hpw Ah- k m\
hWw BZyhpw hv ]iy-I-\n \nv Iiy] Dm-Ip-p. CXn-w a\-n-em-ImsX
Im-hn IpSp--bpsS el-cn-bn, kzw
Pw krjvSn-hn-cp Imcy- ]d-bm sNeh-gn-p.
am-WvtUb ]pcm-a-nse Zpm ]mTn tZh-m-cpsS ico-c-n \np-mb
tXP-n \nv tZhn Dmbn aln-jm-kp-cs\
sImp Fs-gp-Xn-bn-cn-p-p. AXp-t]mse
c-_o-Ps ico-c-nse Hmtcm Xpn-tmc
\nep hogp-tmgpw Hmtcm c-_o-P-m-cpmbn PKv Ah-cm \nd-s-pw, cp[n-c\-Zn-sbm-gp-In-sbpw apw Htsd ]pfp FgpXn
\nd- n- p- v . c- _ o- P - m- s c- s mv PKsmw \nd--tm tZhnbpw tZhn-bpsS
knwlhpw ssk\yhpw Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cpp?
tZhn-bn \nv Zqsc-bm-bn-cpp c-_o-P-mscp ]d-bp ]w PK-p-ap-gp-h Ah-scsmv \nd- n- c p- n- tm? \nd- n- c psp ]d-bp ]w Atm ]n-ar-KmZn- I fpw a\p- j ycpw Pe- nse apX- e bpw
Babpw aym-Zn-Ifpw FhnsS nXn sNbvXncpp? Hcp ]t ZpKm-]mTw Fgp-Xn-bp-mnb t]mns hon A`bw tXSn-sbv
hnNm-cn-t-n-bn-cn-pp. Imhp-e-l-cn-bnse-gp-Xn-q-nb Ccw Akw-`-hy-I-Y-I-fpsS
]pfp ]c--cbvv Ahpw Adp-Xn-bp-an-.
{ioaXv `mK-h-X-]p-cmWw
Cv {ioaZv `mK-h-X-sap ]d-bp--Xnse
eoem-hn-em-k- tIp-sIm-q. {_m-hn\v
\mcm-b-W NXp-tm-Io-`m-K-hXw D]-tZ-in-p.
m\w ]ca Kplyw ta bZzn-m\ ka\zn-Xav, kc-lkyw XZ-MvK KrlmW KZnXw
abm 135 {_mth! \o Fs ]ca Kplyhpw
hnm-\k
-
- qWhpw [amY-Im-at- am-
- -
258
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
n `rXy-hK-ns nXn F{Xtbm timN\o-b-amIpw? Fm-hcpw Ahsc sanp Ibdpw. Pb-hn-P-b-msc {]iw-kn-v, k\-Im-Zn-Isf
icnv inn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp hnjvWp sNt-Xv. AI- p-I-S --W -s a--h iTn- - sXn\v? `rXy-m-tcmSp hg--Sn--sX-n\v? i]n-sX-n\v? k\-Im-Zn-Isf `qan-bn hogvp-Ibm- b n- c pp hnjv W p sNt- n- b n- c p- - X v .
C{Xbpw Acm-P-IXzw hnj-Wp-hns `h-\n Xs-bp--tm, At-l-ns tkhI-cmb sshjvW-hv F{X Zpi hmepw
A[n-I-am-hp-I-bn-. ]noSv Ah lnc-Wym\pw lnc-Wy-I-in-]p-hp-ambn P\n-t{X! 139
AXn lnc-Wym-s\ hcmlw sImp. AY-bn--s\-bm-Wv `qansb Hcp sa Npcp-p-Xp-t]mse sXdpv Xe-bn-Wb
- mn hv InSp-d-n lnc-Wym-. hcm-lm-h-Xmcw [cn
hnjvWp sImp-sImv `qansb Dbn. lncWym- DWp. Ccp-hcpw Xn bp-ambn. hcmlw lnc- W ym- s\ sImp
hogvn. 140
`qan tKmf-amtWm ]c--XmtWm Fmcm\pw tNmZn-m ChnsS D-ca
- n-. Cu ]ucmWn-I `qan-im-kv{X-hn-cp-m-cm-Wv. `qansb
Npcpns-dpv Xe-bn-W-bm-n-bnv InS--sXhn-sb-bm-Wmthm! {ioam hcmlw Imep-d-nv
HmSn- h - Xv Fnq- S n- b mWv ? `qansb
hcmlw sImn Dbn-b-tm, Ccp-hcpw
]ns-hn-sS-\n-mWv bpw sNbvXXv? ]t
t]m-tlw Fhn-sS-n-S-m-Wmthm Dd-nbXv? ]pfp-hns hon ]pfp-h AXn-Yn-bmbn
hm ]nsmw ]pp-fp-hm-Wv. ]pfp-hn\v Hcp
Ipdhpw hcn-m-sb-Yw.
C\n-bp-Xv lnc-Wy-I-in-]p-hm-Wv. AbmfpsS aI- \ mb {]m- Z `- \ m- b n- c p- p.
Ipnsb ]Tn- m ]mT- i m- e - b n- e - b - p.
thsdmpw ]Tn-msX cma-cma Fs-gp-Xn-cm A[ym-]-I-tcm-Sm-h-iy-s-p. CXdn
A Fs i{Xp-hns\ \osb-n\p `Pnpp Fp tNmZnv `b- s - S p- n. Ipn
AsXmpw hI-h-n-. {Ip-\mb lnc-Wy-Iin]p Ipnsb Imep-I sIn ]h-X--fn
\nv Xmtgbvpw InW-dp-If
- n-tepw Fdn-p.
259
141. Cp {]Nm-c
- n-ep `mK-hX
-
- n Cu IYbvp
hyXym-kapv. Ccpp XqWnepw `K-hm-\p-sp
]d--tm lnc-Wy-I-in]p AXp shnn-fsm-Wv {]Nm-c-ap IY. ChnsS ]cm-ain-X-amb
IY AIv_-dpsS a{n-bm-bn-cp ss^Pn Xa
sNbvX t]jy `mjm `mK-h-X-n-ep-v.
AXns\-bmWv: lnc-\m-Ijv JivaKo ipZx iaiocw _c-Ii
- o-Z h Zcvaymt\ knXqw KcvZm-\oZ JpcvZv
tamcvNx kyml BaZv Akvan-bmt\ knXqw _cv
Ba-Z. AYw: {Iq-\mb lnc-Wy-I-in]p hmfqcn.
sNdnb sNdnb Ipp-dp-p-I XqWn (knXq-
mWp Xq-Wv) IqSn \S-p-Xp Ip. 1934
(G-{]n 26) {]kn-sSpnb Bcy-an{X F
amkn-I-bn "An-{]-Pzn-entX kvXwt` Ppx
t{iWym ]n]o-enIm \ {]ZKv[m ltc-c
- X eoebm
F kwkvIr- X - t mIw ImWmw. CXs
aqehpw e`y-a-.
142. `mK-hXw 7.10.18
kXym-{]-Im-iw
260
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
261
kXym-{]-Im-iw
thZ- ]Tn- m\pw tIm\pw a\pjysmw A[n-Im-c-ap-sv bPpthZw 262 kv]jvS-am-n-bn-p-v. 157 Fnpw Cs\- b p anYym- { K- - - s f- g pXn a\p- j ysc
kXy-{K--p- hn-cp--cmn he-bns]Spn kzw Imcyw km[n-p--h FpsImv alm-]m-]n-I-f?
\h-{K-l-a-{-
Adn-hn-m a\p-jysc AI-s-Sp-p-Xn\p thn {]N- c n- n {Kl- N - { I-
t\mpI:
1. BIr-jvtW\ cPkm (kq-cy-a-{w) 2.
Caw tZhm Ak-]Xv\Mv kph-[zav (N-{-a{w) 3. Ancv aqcvm IIpXv ]Xnx (sNm-ma-{w) 4. DZv_p-[y-kzmt (_p-[-a-{w) 5.
_rl-kv]tX AXn-b-Ztcym (hym-g-a-{w) 6.
ip{I-a-kx (ip-{I-a-{w) 7. itm-tZ-ho-c`n-jvStb (i-\n-a{- w) 8. Ibm-\
- n{X B `ph
(cm-lp-a-{w) 9. tIXpw IrWz--tI-Xth
(tIXp IWvUn-I-sb-n-Xn\p ]d-bp-p) 158
Ch \h-{K-l-]q-Pm-a-{--fm-Wv.
Ch-bpsS icn-bmb AYw C{]-Im-c-amWv:
1. kqcy\pw `qanbpw Xn BIj-W-ap-v.
2. ctPm-Kp-Ws kw_-n-p--Xv. 3. An.
4. bP-am-\ 5. hnZzm 6. hocy-amb Aw 7
Pew, {]mW, Cuiz-c 8. an{Xw. 9. m\{K-lW
- h
- n-[m-bI
- a
- mb a{w. Ch-sbmpw {Kl- f psS hmN- I - - f - . AY- a - d n- b m- - h
A\Y-Pm-e-n hoWp-t]m-Ip--tX-bp-q.
tNmZyw: {Kl-\n-ebvv ^e-sam-p-ant?
Dcw: t]mp-I-fn-I-tfm-sSmw ^e-an-.
Fm-semcp Imcy-ap-v. kqcyN{-m-cpsS IncW-sImv DjvWhpw ssiXyhpw apw
EXp {Ia-a-\p-k-cnv Ime-N-{I-hp-ambn _-sn-cn-p--Xp-t]mse Ah-\-hs {]Ir-Xn--\pIq-etam {]Xn-Iq-etam Bb kpJx-Zp-J-p
\nan-a
- mbn Ch-bp-an-cn-p-p. Fm, t]mm-cpsS hymJym\w asm-m-Wv. ""Ahn-Spp
tIWw Xncp-ta\n! Imcy-ns sISv
thsd-bm-W-p-t. Cv A-bpsS {Kl-\nebn N{-s\-n. kqcymZn {Iqc-{K-l-
t\m-n-em-Wv. i\n-bpsS Imev c-c-smw
262
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kqcy-N-{-m-cp--bm-fn-t\-bpw, aqm-an-S-p
Bfn-t\bpw ao\-am-k-nse s]mcn-sh-bn-en
sNcn- n- S msX aW- e n \n- W w. {KltIm]w D-hs Imepw tZlhpw s]mpIbpw Cm- - b m- f n- t Xv s]mm- X n- c n- pIbpw thWw. AXp-t]mse Xs sImSpw
ioX-ap aI-c-a-n 159 shfp hmhn
\mfn cm{Xn apgp-h ssaXm-\v Ccp-ht- cbpw
\n-Ww. Hcm-fn\v XWpv ASn-p-Ibpw atbm-fn\v ASn-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXm {Kln\v {Iqc-Zr-jvSnbpw kuay ZrjvSnbpw Dsv
a\-n-em-mw.
{Kl- \n- f psS _p- - f mtWm?
\n Xn Iv In CS-]m-Sp-If
- ptm?
AYhm \n Ah-cpsS ASpv t]mIpItbm Ah \n-fpsS ASpv hcn-Itbm
sNm- d ptm? \nv a{- i - n- b p
]w FpsImmWv cmPm--mtcm [\mVytcm Bbn-o-cm-Xv? i{Xp-sf FmWv
him- m- Xv ? thZ- n- t bpw Cuiz- c tbpw B-I-f-\p-k-cn-msX thZ-hn-cp-amb t]mp-eo-e-I-fm-Sp--h-cmWv \mkvXn-I.
\nv Zm\w Xcp--Xn\v ]Icw AXv {KltIm-]-ap--h Xs A\p-`-hn-m Fp Xct- S m- W p- Xv ? ampw sImSp- msX
\np Xm am{Xta {Kl- {]k-cmhq Fp ]d-bp ]w, tNmZn--s,
\n
Xn
DSSn
hXpw
sNbvXnptm? Ds-n kqcym-Zn-{K-l-sf hon hcpn shp acnq!
kqcym-Zn-tem-I- PU-h-kvXp--fm-Wv.
Bs-nepw kpJx-Zp-J- \Im-\p
{]hrn sNm Ahbvp Ign-hn-. Fm
{Kl-Zm-t\m]Pohn-I-fmb \n-fmWv hmkvXh-n {Kl--fpsS hn{K-l-. {Kl-sa
hmn- \ w \np tNcpw. tb
KrlvWn tX {Klmx= "{Klnp'h-bmWv
{Kl-. \n-tf-tm-ep--h henb [\hm-m-cp-tSbpw cmPm-
- c
- p-tSbpw Zcn-{Z-cp-tSbpw
ASpv sNm-Xn-cp-m Ah \h-{K-l-sf-n HmpI t]mep-an-. \n kmm
kqcy-tbpw i\o-iz-c-tbpw {Iqc-cq]w [cnv
Ah-cpsS ta Bth-in-m ]ns {Kl-Wan-msX Ahsc hnSp-I-bn-. \n-fpsS {Kmkns]-Sm--h sc \mkvXn-I-s cpw apw
263
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Kcp-U-]p-cmW hnai\w
tNmZyw: Kcp-U-]p-cmWhpw I-amtWm?
Dcw: AsX Ak-Xy-am-Wv.
tNmZyw: Fn acn-p-I-gn-m Pohmflm-hns KXn Fv?
Dcw: AXv Ia-n-\\
- p-kc
- n-m-bn-cn-pw.
tNmZyw: ba-cm-Pm-hpw, Nn{X-Kp]vXs\
a{nbpw Ah-cpsS Icn-m-d--X--tf-tmepf-f In-c-mcpw Pohs\ ]nSn-p-sIm-pt]m- I pw. ]m]- ] p- W y- - f - \ p- k - c nv \c- I ntem kz- ntem CSpw. Ahp
thn
Zm\- - ] p- W y- fpw
{imXWfpw sshX-cWo \Zn IS-p-Xn\p thn tKmZm-\hpw apw sNp-p.
CsXmw I-am-Ip--sX-s\?
Dcw: CsXmw t]mp-eo-e-bnse ]pfph-Sn--em-Wv. ap-n-Ss Pohm-flm- AhnsS-s-p-Ibpw [a-cm-Pmhpw Nn{X-Kp-]vX\pw
\ymbw \S-p-Ibpw sNbvXm, ba-tem-Is
Pohm-flm- ]m]w sNp-tm Ahp
thn \ymbw \S-m asmcp ba-temIw
thn hcp-p. AXpt]mse `b--c-cq-]-ap-h-cmWv ba-In--c-m-sc-n Ahsc ImWm-sX-mWv? am{X-a-, Cu alm-`-b--cm-cpsS
Hcp hnc t]mepw hmXn-en-eqsS IS-p-I-bpan-. ]ns-s\ Ch Pohm-flm-hns\ ]nSnp-sIm-p-t]mIpw? h s]cp-h-gn-bnepw CS-hgn-bnepw Ch XS---s-Sp--ep-m-m--sXmWv? Ah kqvai
- c
- o-cs
- bpw ssIsmp-sa-m-sW-n s]cp icocw t]m-m-
cpsS hoSp-I-fn-e-msX as-hn-sS-bmWv kqnp-hm Ign-bpI? Imp-Xo-bp-m-Ip-tm Fdp-p-I-fps-sS-bp Htsd Pohn-I Hnp
acn- pw. Ahsb sImp- t ]m- I p- - X n\v
At\Iw ba-`-S-m hcp ]w Ahn-sSsbmw Iqcn-cpv hym]n-p-atm. Ccp-v Pohmsc ]nSn-p-X
- n\p thn Ap-anpw HmSptm Iqp-ap-n. Cu ]h-Xm-Im-c-m-cpsS Ahb- h - ae- b n- S np hogp- - X p- t ]mse
]dnp hogpw. AXp Kcp-U-]p-cmWw hmbnp-h
- c
- p-tSbpw tIp-h
- c
- p-tSbpw Xe-bn
hoWv Aav acn-pw. As-n hoSns
hmXp- hoWv AS-bp-Itbm hgn-b-S-bp-Itbm
sNpw. ]ns-s\ Ch shfn-bn Cd-pItbm hgn \S-p-Itbm sNpw?
{imhpw X-Whpw ]nWvU-hp-sampw
acn- - h p Inp- I - b n- . t]mv P n- b psS
ssIbnepw hb-n-epta Fq. sshX-cWn ISp- - X n\p \Ip tKmZm\w 162 t]mnstbm Iim-p-Im-c-stbm hon-em-sW-p-Xv. sshX-c-Wn-bn-tev ]ip sNp-I-bn-.
]ns BcpsS hmep ]nSn-mWv Asc ISp-Xv? ]nSn-t--hs ssII ChnsS
Zln-np If-bp-Itbm Ipgn-n-Sp-Itbm sNbvXncns Fp-sIm-mWv ]nSn-p-Xv?
Pmns IY
Hcp sNdnb DZm- l - c Ww ]dbmw: Hcp
Pmv 163 Dm-bn-cp-p. Abm-fpsS hon cp
]d ]mep Hcp ]ip Dm-bn-cp-p. \
kzmZp ]mev. CS-bvnsS Cu ]mev t]mn\pw
Inn-sm-n-cp-p. Cu ]ip-hns\ Xn-sb-Spm ]ptcm-ln-X B{K-ln-p. Pmns hbmb A acn-m-dm-hp-tm Xs ]cn-]mSn
\S-n-em--W-sav a\-n-ep-d-p. hn[n-h-im
Ipdp Znh-k-n-\Iw hr acn-m-dmbn
izmkw \nevm-dmbn hrs\ \ne-n-dn
InSn. {]mW t]mIm-dmbn Fw. Pmns _p-fpw an{X-fpw Ahn-sS-bp-mbn- c p- p. Atm ]ptcm- l n- X ]d- p.
""t\mq aIt\! Cu ss- s Imv DSt\
tKmZm\w sNn--Ww.'' Pmv DSt\ Xs
264
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Xn\v
Pmvv: icn ]ns-mWv \n ]ip-hns\
sshX- c - W n- b psS Ic- b v s - n- m- Xv ?
Rm \nsf hniz-knv Xp. \n-f-Xns\
hon sIn-bn-p.. F- sshX-c-Wn-bn
F{X Ihn- IpSn-s-m-dnbmw?
t]mvv: Cn-. Cu Zm\-ns ]pWy-{]`mhw asmcp ]ip-hmbn At-ls Asc
Fn-n-p-v.
Pmvv: sshX-cWn \Zn Chn-sS-\n-s{X ZqscbmWv? GXp Znn-em-WXv?
t]mvv : Dulw ]d-m, ChnsS \nv
apXp tImSn hnfn-mSp Zqsc-bm-Wv. Fsm \mev]-sm-Xp tImSn tbmP-\-bmWp
`qan. sXv \ncrXn tImWn-emWv sshX-cWn
\Zn.
Pmvv : C{X Zqsc \n-f-b Int\m
Intm Dcw Inn- b n- ptm? AhnsS
]pWy-ns ]ip Dm-sbtm Cmcv Asc-sb-n-sbtm h hnh-chpw Inn-bn-p-sn ImWn-pI
t]mvv: Fs ] Kcp-U-]p-cm-W-nse
{]am-W-a-msX Itm In-mtem Hp-an.
Pmvv: Cu Kcp-U-]p-cmWw kXy-am-sWv
Rms\-s\ Adnbpw?
t]mvv: Fm-hcpw hniz-kn-p--Xp-sIm-v.
Pmvv: Cu ]pkvXIw \n-fpsS ]qn-I
hb-p-]n-g-n-\mbn Dm-n---Xm-Wv. A\v
Xs a-tfm-S
- msX am-tcmSpw kvt\l-ap-mhp-I-bn-. Fs- F\n-s-gp-X-s. Rm
]ip-hns\ sshX-c-Wn--c-bn Fn-p-sImmw. As\ Ac IS-n-bnv ]ip-hns\
Xncn- p- s Im- p- h v Idv Rm\pw Fs
afpw IpSn- p- s Im- mw. B ]mm{Xw
AhnsS hbvv.
Pmv ]ip-hn-s\bpw InSm-hn-s\bpw Agnv
]mm-{X-hp-ambn Xncn-p.
t]mvv: Zm\w sImSp-Xv Xncnp hmntbm? \o apSnp t]mIpw.
Pmvv: ann-Xn-cn-v. Cs-n ]p ]Xnaqp Znhkw ]men-msX Fs IjvS-s-Spn-b-Xns Ipdhp Rm Xop-I-f-bpw.
265
kXym-{]-Im-iw
sNt--Xn Fp knn-p-p.
Dcw: \n C- d - Xv icn- b - .
kXv]m-{X--fn ]tcm-]-Im-cmYw Zm\w sNWw. kzWw, shn, cXv\w, apv, amWn-Iyw,
Aw, Pew, ew CXymZn Zm\w sNmw.
Fm Ip]m-{X--fn Hcn-epw Zm\w sNcp-Xv.
tNmZyw: Ip]m-{X-f
- p-sSbpw kXv]m-{X-fp-sSbpw e-W-sa-mWv?
Dcw: NXn-b, Im]-Sy-m, kzmYn-I,
hj-bn-I, Ima-t{Im-[-tem-`-tam-l--fp--h,
]c-lm\n sNp--h, e-S, anYym-hm-Zn-I,
Ahn-Zzm-m, No-q-p-sI-p-h
- , aSn-b
- m,
\\- nSw Ipgn- p- - h (X- c p- - h - t cmSv
hopw hopw Bh-iy-s-Sp--h) \n_nv Bh-iy-s-Sp--h, [W sNp--h,
F{X Inn-bmepw kp-jvSn-bn-m--h, ZmXmhns\ \nn-p-h-, i]n-p-Ibpw No hnfnp-Ibpw sNp--h, At\Iw XhW sImSpnv Hcn- sImSp-m-Xn-cp-m shdp-p-h, kw\ym-kn-thjw sIn hn-p--h,
Ds-nepw Csp ]dv Cc-p-h,
kvXpXn ]mSn-bnv kzmYw t\Sp--h, cm]I `n bmNn-p--h, Wnp hcp-nbm Imhpw ap amZI hkvXp-fpw Ignv
{Ia-n-tesd `n-p--h. ]noSv D-cmbn sXp-I sNp--h, kXy-n\p hncp- a mbn kz- X m- e v ] cyw kwc- n- p- h m
Ak-Xy-amK-n \S-p--h, tbmKysc
Ah-K-Wnv Xs am{Xw ]cn-K-Wn-m injymsc D]-tZ-in-p--h, kZvhn-Zybvpw apw
FXn-cm-bn-cn-p--h, PK-nse hymh-lm-cnI
hrn-I-tfm-Sv--kv{Xo-]p-cp-j-m, amXm-]n-Xm, a, cmP--{]-P-I, an{X- apX-emb
_- anYy-bm-Wv. PKpw anYy-bmWv
Fp-]-tZ-inv FXnp-m-p--h apX-emb-h-cmWv Ip]m-{X-.
{_-Nm-cn-I, PntX-{n-b, thZmZn kZznZy-I ]Tn-bpw ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw sNp--h,
kpio-e, kXy-hm-Zn-I, ]tcm-]-Im-c-{]n-b,
]pcp-jmYn-I, DZm-c-io-e, hnZym-[a-sf
165. km-\mZv {_mtWm \nXy-ap-Zzn-tPX hnjm-Zn-h.
Aar-X-tkyh NmImMv Z-h-am-\ky khZm
(a-\p-kvarXn 2.162)
266
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
267
kXym-{]-Im-iw
{hXw D]-hmkw
inh-]p-cm-W-n {Xtbm-Z-inbpw Xn-fmgvN-bpw, BZn-X y-] p-c m-W -n Rmb- d mgv N
N{m-J-WvU-n sNmm, _p[ hymgw,
shn Fnh cmlp- t I- X p- v i\n,
sshjvW-hv GIm-Z-in, hma-\\v ZzmZin, \cknw-l-n\pw A\-\pw NXpZ-in, N{-`-Khm ]uW- a n, ZnIv ] m- e - I v Zi- a n,
ZpKbvv \h-an, hkp-v AjvS-an, ap\namv k]vXa
- n, Imn-tIb kzmanv jjvTn,
\mK- n\p ]- a n, KtW- i \v NXpYn,
Kucnv XrXob, Aizn-\o-Ip-am-c-mv ZznXob, BZym-tZ-hnbvv {]Y-a, ]nXr-v Aamhkn. ]pcm-W
- f
- \
- p-kc
- nv Cu Znh-k
- D]h-kn-t Zn\--fm-Wv. Cu hmc--fnepw
XnYn-I-fnepw A-]m\w Ign-p--h \c-In t]mIp-sav k{X FgpXn hn-p-v.
t]mn\pw injy-mpw sNm-hp-Xv Cu
\mfpI-fn-sempw `Ww Ign-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibm-Wv. Ign-m \cIw Xs KXn. Acmb Bfp-I Fgp-Xn-bp-m-nb \nWb
knp, -[a-kn-p, {hXm apX-emb {K-fn {hX-Zn-\--sf-n ISp sshcp-[y-fp-v. DZm-lc
- W
-
- n\v ssih GIm-Zi
- nsb
FXnp-p. (ssh-jvW-h-cp-tS-Xm-I-bm )
Nne Zi-anv D]-h-kn-p-p, Nne ZzmZ-inpw. F{X hnNn-{X-am-sWp t\mp-I. ]nWn-In-S-p--Xn\pw hnhmZw! Cu GIm-Zio
{hXw \S-m-n-b-h XnI kzmYn-I-fmsWp am{X-a-, \n-b-cp-am-Wv. Ah ]dbpp: ""GIm-Z-iym-at ]m]m\n hkn"".
temI-n-ep ]m]-samw GIm-Z-in-\m-fn
A-n IpSn-sIm-p-p-ht{X! BcpsS
]m]-am-W-Xn hkn-p--sXv t]mn-t\mSp
tNmZn--Ww. Xstbm Xs ]nXm-am-cptStbm Fv. kh-am-\-]m-]-fpw GIm-Z-inbn t]mbn IpSn-sIm-m, As Znhkw
Bpw Xs ZpJm- \ p- ` hw Dm- I - c p- X v .
Fm A\p-`hw A-s\-b-. hnipw apw
sImv ZpxJn-p--Xm-W-\p-`-hw. ZpxJw ]m]^-e-am-Wv. AXn-\m ]nWn InS-p-Xv ]m]am-Wv.
GIm-Z-io-am-lm-fly-hn-ai\w
GIm-Z-inv henb amlmflyw ]d-bp-p-v.
CXns IY tIp ]ecpw hn-X-cm-bn-
268
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Ww. A{X-X-s.
K`n-Wn-Ifpw \h-hn-hm-ln-X-cmb kv{Xo]pcp-j-mcpw D]-h-kn-p-Itb Acp-Xv. Bsnepw D]-h-kn--W-sa-ns APoW
tam hni- n- m- b v a tbm D- t m i- c tN k_tm ]mtem Ignv D]-h-kn-Ww. hni-p-t- m `n-m-Xn-cn-p-Xpw
hni-n-msX `n-p-Xpw tcmK-km-K-c-ntep apmw-Ip-gn-bnv ZpxJw hcpn hbvem-Wv.
Kpcp--in-jy--a-t{m-]-tZ-i-
aX-a-Xm--c--fpsS Ncn{Xw
Fn-h-sb-n hWn-mw.
tNmZyw: hn{K-lm-cm-[-\m-k-{-Zm-b-m,
thZw A\--amtWm 168 Fp tNmZn-m-dp-v.
EtKz-Z-ns 21 bPpth-Z-ns 101-Dw kmath-Z-ns 1000-hpw AYh-th-Z-ns 9Dw
imJ-I-fp-v. 169 Ch-bn hfsc Ipdp imJI am{Xta Cp e`n-p-p-q. 170 _mn
ep]vX-am-bn. Ah-bn hn{K-lm-cm-[-\, XoY Fn-hsb kw_-n {]am-W-
Dm-bn-cn-W
- w. Cm-bn-cp-s-n ]pcm-W
- fn Ch-sb-s\ hp? Imcys Iv ImcWs A\p-am-\n-p--Xp-t]m-se 171 ]pcm-W- f n ImWp- I - b m hn{K- l m- c m- [ - \ - b n
Fn\p kwi-bn-Ww?
Dcw: imJ-I hr-n-\-\p-k-cn-m-bncn-pw. hncp-a
- m-bn-
- . imJ-sN-dptXm heptXm
BI-s, sshcpyw Dm-hp-I-bn-. e`y-amb
imJ-I-fn Hnepw hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bpw Pe-e-hn-ti-j-sf XoY--fmbn KWn-pXpw Zriy-a-m-bvI-bm ep]vX-amb imJ-Ifnepw Acw {]am-W- Dm-bn-cn-p-Ibn-. IqSmsX thZ- ]qW-ambn e`n-n-pv. Ahbvp hncp--ambn Hcp imJbpw Dmhp-I-bn-. hncp--am-sW-n AXv imJ-bmsWv m]n-p-hm Bpw kmy-hp-a. Imcyw CXm-bn-cns ]pcm-W- ep]vXamb thZ-im-J-Iv A\p-kr-X-a-. km{-Zmbn-I ]c-kv]c hncp--amb IY-I Dmn
hn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv.
171.
269
kXym-{]-Im-iw
270
175. thZ-f
- n\nv Ncn{Xw Dm-p-hm {ian-p-Xv
sshZnI ]mc-c
- y-s-
- n-bp A-Xs
- Impw
A]u-c-tj-b-Xm-hm-Z-ns Ax-k {Kln-m\m-hm--Xp-sIm-p-am-Wv. sshZn-I-kw--Iv
hyn-I-fp-ambn t\cnv Hcp _-hp-an-.
176. D-tc-y-bnepw tIc-f-sam-gn-sI-bp Zn-tW-ybnepw ]qPm-cn-I Cs\ t\cnv Bcm-[-I-tcmSv
Cc-p-p. tIc-f-n ]d-sb-Sp-v, PotWm-m-cWw, Xpem-`mcw apX-emb hgn-]m-Sp-I Fn-s\
hyh-m-]qh-amb ]Ww ]ncn-hmWv F hyXymk-ap-v. tIc-fo-b-t-{X- Xt-i-`-c-W-tI-{fpw IqSn-bm-bn-cp--Xn-\m Iptd-qSn hyh-m]n-X-amb kmaq-lnI m]-\--fm-bn-cp-p. IqSpX Adn-bp--Xn\v ]cn-`m-j-Is ""hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bnse'' t{X-fpw kaq-lhpw F A[ymbw
t\mp-I.
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
-fn a\p-jy-\m-h-iy-amb Adnth D]-tZ-inn-p-q Hcp a\p-jy-tbpw t]c AXn-ep-Xv 175. CXpw hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS XnI
JWvU\w Xs-bm-Wv.
alm-]p-cp-j-msc \nn-
hn{K-lm-cm-[\ sImv {iocm-a, {ioIrjvW,\mcm-bW
- , inh apX-em-bh
- sc \nnp-Ibpw D]-lk
- n-p-Ib
- p-amWv sNp-X
- .v Chscmw alm-cm-Pm-[n-cm-Pm--mcpw ChcpsS
`mcy-am-cmb koX, cpIvan-Wn, evan, ]mhXn
apX-em-b-h dmWn-am-cp-am-bn-cp-sv Fmhp-a-dn-bm-hp Imcy-am-Wv. Fm ChcpsS hn{K-l- t{X--fnhv ]qPm-cnhKw ]n-sX-p-p. AXm-bXv Chsc `nm-cm-p-p-sh-Yw. ""hm--pt! bPam-\t\! apX-emfo! Ccp-m-s, Zi\w Ign-ms. koXm-cm-a-m, cpIvan-Wo-Ir-jvW-m,
AYhm cm[m-Ir-jvW-m, evao-\m-cm-b-Wm, ]mh-Xo-in-h-m cp-aq-p-\m-fmbn
t\Zyw t]mepw CmsX IjvS-s-Sp-I-bm-Wv.
Cpw Hpw Inn-bn-. koXbvv aqpn
Dm-n-p-X-c-Ww. t\Zyw Ign-n-m t\Znmw. DS-bmSIodn t{X-ns aqe-bn-Sn-p.
apI-fn \np tNm-bp-v. Dm-bn-cp-sXms I sImp-t]m-bn. Fen-bpsS
ieyw Nn-d-b-. . 176shn-v FSp-psImpt]m-bn. thsdbpm-m \nhr-n-bnm-X
- p-sIm-mWv Ihn-Sn-
- p-m-n-h
- Xv''
cma-eo-ebpw cmk-{Io-Ubpw IqSn Ch \Sm- d p- v. koXbpw cma- \ pw, cm[bpw
Irjv W \pw BSp- Xv Ah- c psS `- c mb
cmPmhpw alm-]p-tcm-ln-X\pw apw Iv B\n-p-p. t{X-f
- n cma\pw koXbpw apw
\nevp-Ibpw ]ptcm-ln-X-mcpw kzman-bm-cmcpw apw ]p-sa--I-fn Dcp--X-e-bn-WI-fn Nmcn-bn-cn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. sImSpwNq-Snt]mepw tZh-msc ]qn-bn-n-v, kz-h-mbp-hn In-env Ch-cp-d-p-p. Nne ]qPm-cnI Ah- c psS \mcm- b - W s\ Nnan- g n- e - S v
apn s]mXnv Igp-n sIn-q-nsmp \S-p-p. s]Ip-cv Ipn-p-cs\ ]-bn Xqn-\-S-p--Xp-t]m-se-bmWn-Xv. Bcm\pw hn{K-l--fp-S-m-ep-Ss\ s\-Snv apd-hn-fn-Iq-p-p. ""koX-tbbpw cma-
271
kXym-{]-Im-iw
272
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kzbw A`n-am-\n-p-p. Ah-cn {iossh-jvWh AYhm N{Im-n-X apnb Iq-cm-sW-h-Im-i-s-Sp-p.- AXnsemnepw Imcy-an.
tNmZyw:- FpsImv Imcy-an? Imcyap-v. t\mq s\n-bn \mcm-b-W-s NcWm- c - h n- - n\p Xpey- a mb Xne- I - a p- v .
AXns a[y-n a-tcJbpXv {iobmWv. AXn-\m R
-
- sf {iossh-jvWh
- s
- cp
hnfn-p-p. \mcm-bW
- s
- \b-msX amscbpw
R hniz- k n- p- n- . inh- e nMv K w
R Zin-p-It]mepw C. -R--fpsS
s\n-bn D {io (e-van) AXp-sImv
en-p-sa--XmWv. ImcWw, R Bea-m-cmZn 182 kvtXm{X- sNmp-p. \mcmb-Ws\ a{-]qw ]qPn-p-p. ]ns-psImv R \-h-c?
Dcw: \nfpsS Cu XneIw lcn-]m-ZmIrXnbp-Xm-sWpw a-hc evan-bmsWpw ]d-bp-Xp shdptXbm-Wv. Fsm AXp ssIsImpmnbXpw s\nbnse hc-bp-am-Wv. B\-bpsS akvXIw Ae-cn-p-Xp 183 t]mse, \n-fpsS s\n-bn
hnjv W p- ] m- Z - ns Nnw F- s \- h p?
Bcm\pw sshIpWvTp-t]mbn hnjvWp-]mZw
-s\-n-bn Npn-Ip-n-psImp hpthm?
hnthIn: {io. PUtam tNX-\tam?
sshjvW-h-:-- tNX-\w.
hnthIn: Fn Cu tcJ PU-am-bX
- n-\m
"{io"b {io Dm- n- b - X mtWm Atbm
Fp Rm tNmZn- p- p. Dm- n- b Xsn, CXp {iob- Fs- m Znhkhpw CXv \n ssIsIm-p-m-p--XmWv. AXn-\m {iobm-hm hgn-bn-. eem-Sn {iobm- W p- - s X- n Zpap- J - c mb
Htsd sshjv W h- c p- m- I m- Imc- W - s amWv ? s\n- b n ev a n! hoSp- t Xmcpw
sX tPmen! [--n-pSnp hb-dp\n-dv Npn-n-cn-bepw! s\n-bn {iobp-ambn
alm-Zm-cn{Zyw ImWnpXv \ne--cp-tSbpw
hop-hn-Nm-c-an-m--h-cp-tSbpw ]Wn-bm-Wv.
Chn-Sb
- n ]cn-Ime Fp-t]-cmb Hcp
-ssh-jvWh ` Dm-bn-cp-p. Abm Ifhpw, sIm-bpw, NXnhpw h\bpambn ]c-
273
kXym-{]-Im-iw
274
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
275
186. Bgvsk-\nIv
187. sImSnev XosbSp-m-\p D]-I-c-Ww.
kXym-{]-Im-iw
276
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Fpw _wKm-fn-I "tKmhn-m-b-\ax' Fpap a{--fmWv sNhn-bn P]n-p-sIm-Sp-p-Xv. CXp Ign-m Ah injy- cm- bn.
]noSv ]dbpw: Ipt! Xp-a{w sNmv.
Pew ]hn-X-cw, ew ]hn-Xcw InWdp
]hn-Xcw inh ]d-bs tItms ]m-Xn-Xqw-_m-]-hn-X-cw. 188
C-s\-sbmw ]d-bp--h hnZzm-mtcm
temI-n\p]Im-cn-Itfm BIptam? `kva-[mcn-I cm]-I s\cn-tmtSm Bgntbm Iqn
hnd-sI-cnp If-bp-p. Hcp amkw Ch sNeh-gn-p hnd-In\p ]Icw In-fntbm atm
hmn D]-tbm-Kn-m \qdn-sem-cp-`mKw ]WwsImv kpJ- a mbn Ign- b mw. Cu _pn
Ahs-hnsS \np Inm-\mWv? Bgn-pNppw Ccn-p--Xp-sImv NqSp-Im-bp--XpsIm-v Ch X]-kzn-I-sf t]cp [mcWw
sNbvXn-cn-p-p. Fn Imp-a-\p-jy Chtc-m X]-kznIfmbn-cnpw! kwi-b-an-. PSh-v, `kvaw [cn-v, XneIw [cn-v, X]-kzn-I-fmIm-\m-hp-sa-n Bs-m-Wm-Im Ign-bmXv? Ch ]pdta XymKn-Ifpw AIta t`mKnI-fp-am-Wv.
I_o ]n-I
tNmZyw: I_o ]n-I \-h-ct?
Dcw: A.
tNmZyw: Fp- s Im- ? Ah hn{Klmcm[\m-hn-tcm-[n-I-fm-Wv. I_o ]pjv]-fn \np-m-bn. HSpw ]pjv]-am-hp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. {_m hnjvWp atl-iz-c-mp
app Xs I_o Dm-bn-cp-p. thZ--]p-cmW-p-t]mepw Adn-hn-m Imcy--f-dnbm-hp alm-kn--\m-bn-cpp At-lw. kXyns hgn ImWnXv Atlw am{X-am-Wv. ChcpsS a{- "kXy-\maw I_o' apX-em-bhbmWv.
Dcw: Ipw apw shSn- v , In,
Itkc, Xe-bnW saXn-b-Sn, Zo]w apX-em-bhsb ]qPn-p-Xv Hpw hyXy-kvX-a-. I_o
Hcp hm-bn-cptm? AtXm samtm? Fs\-bmWv Atlw ]qhn \np-m-bXpw
]qhm-bn-oXpw? CXp-ic
- n-sb-n C\n ]dbp- Xpw t\cm- t b- mw. Imin- b n- s emcp
s\bvp-Im-c\pmbn-cp-p. Abmv Ipn-
277
kXym-{]-Im-iw
B]v ]c-ta-iz-cv, 190 (thZw ]Tnv {_mhv acnp. \mep thZhpw IY, kns alna thZ-adn-bp-n-, \m\mIv {_-m-\n-bmb Cuizc-\m-Wv.) thZw ]Tn--h acn-s-n \m\m-Iv,
ac-W-an-m--h-\mWv Xms\v [cn-n-cptm?
At-lhpw acn-nt? thZw Fm kXy-hn-ZyI-fp-tSbpw `WvUm-ca
- m-Wv. \mep thZ-fpw IYbm-sW-p-]-d-bp--h-cpsS hmp-I-sfmw IYbmWv. kv Fp ]d-bp aqV-m-cmb ]mhv thZ--fpsS alna Hcn-epw Adn-hmIp-I-bn-. Kpcp-\m-\mIv thZ-sf am{Xw kzoIcn-n-cp-s-n At-l-ns aX-k-{-Zmbw
{]N-cn-p-I-bn-m-bn-cp-p. At-l-n\p Kpcphm-Im\pw Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-n-. kwkvIr-X-hnZy
A`y-kn-msX ap--hsc ]Tn--nv Fs\
injy-cm-m-\mWv!
Kpcp\m- \ mIv P\n Imev ]m_v
Xopw kwkvIr- X - h nZym hnlo- \ hpw
apkam-m-cm ]oUn-X-hp-am-bn-cp-s-Xv
t\cm-Wv. Atlw Iptdtsc cnp. 191
Kpcp-\m-\m-ns Imev At-l-n\v hfsc
injy-mtcm kzw aX-n\v {]Nm-ctam Dmbn-. hnZzm-m-c-m--hsc acn-p-I-gn-m
kn-m-cm-p k{-Zm-ba
- m-Wtm D-Xv. acW-ti-j-amWv At-l-ns\ Cuizc Xpey\mn _lp-am-\n-X
- v. Kpcp-\m-\mv henb [\hm-\m-bn-cp-n-. Fm injy-m Atls henb kn\pw {]Xm-]nbpw sFiz-cyim-en-bp-amn "\m\Iv Nt{m-Zbw' "P-imJn'
apX- e mb {K- - f n Nn{Xo- I - c n- n- p- v .
\m\mIv {_m-hns\ Iv hfsc kw`m-jWw
\S-n, Fm tZh-mcpw At-ls _lpam--\n-p. At-l-ns hnhm-l-n\v hf-sctbsd B\- I - f pw, cY- - f pw, IpXnc- I - f pw,
kzw shn, apv ]hn-gw, apX-em-b-h-bm
hn`q-jn-X-ambn hp, AaqeycXv\-vA
hpw Adp-Xn-bp-an-m-bn-cpp Fsmw FgpXn-n-Sn-n-n-p-v. CsXms ]pfp-h-s-n
]ns-mWv? CsXmw injy-m-cpsS ]Wn-
278
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
279
kXym-{]-Im-iw
sXmb am-n s]p-t]m-Ipw. ZmZq P\nXv KpP- d mnemWv. ]noSv Pb- ] qcn\Spp Bta-cn ]mp. F---hS- a m- b n- c pp tPmen. Cuiz- c - k r- j v S n- b nse
hnNn{X eoe-I-fn HmWv ZmZq-Pnsb ]qPnm- \ m- c w- ` n- - X v . Ct- l - ns injy- m
thZmZn imkv{X--fn ]d-n-p--sXmw
shSnv "ZmZq-dmw, ZmZqdmw' P]-n am{Xw
apn Is-p-p. ktXym-]-tZ-i-I-cn-msX
hcp-tm Ccw A-hn-izm-k--fp-mIpw. 194
cma-kvt\ln aXw.
Ip-dp Imew ap]v cma-kvt\ln Fsmcp
aXw imlv]pc 195bn P-sa-Sp-p. Ah
thtZm--amb [--sfmw shSnv "cma-cma' P]n-p-Xp Xs t{ijvT-sapw AXnemWv m\ [ym\-ap-n-I-sfpw hniz-knp-p. ]t hni-p-tm cma-\m-a-n
\np DuWv e`n-p-I-bn-. `y-t]-b-
Krl-c
- psS ] \nt Inq. Ahcpw hn{Klm-cm-[-\sb FXnpp. Fm Hmtcm-cpcpw kzbw hn{K-l--fm-hp-I-bm-Wv. Cq-
kZm kv{XoI-fp-am-bmWv km-cw. Fs-m
cma\v "cman' Cs-n B\--e-_v[n-bn-. cmakvt\lnaX-s-n Nne hnh-c--sf-gp-Xmw.
kvZmkvPn Fgp-Xn-b, cma-kvt\-ln-I-fpsS Hcp
{K-n C{]-Imcw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-p.
""`cav tcmKv k_vlo anSym, cSym \ncRvP\v
cmC, X_v Pav ImImKPv ^Sym ISym
IcvavX_v PmC (\n-c-RvP\ cma-\maw P]n-tm Am-\w {`aw \in-p. Atm
bas \nb-a]
- miw s]mn, I-_
- hpw Apt]m-bn) "cma cma' Fp P]nm {`awAm-\w--A-I-ep-tam-sbpw ]m]-n\p X
in-sb ba-\o-Xn-bpw, sNbvX I-n
\np hnSp-Xepw e`n-p-tam-sbpw _pn-amm Nnn-s CsXmw a\p-jys\ ]m]n IpSp-p-Xn\pw a\p-jy-Pw \jvSamp--Xn-\pta sImmhq. ChcpsS apJy-Kp-cphm-bn-cpp cmavN-c. At-l-ns hmpI:
alam \mwh {]Xm]vIo kpWu kc-aWv
NnXv emC. cma-N-cWv ck\m cSu {Iav kIev
QSv PmC. Pn\v Pn\v kpacym \mwhv Iqw
tkmk_v DXcym ]mcv. cmavN-c tPm hok-
280
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
281
kXym-{]-Im-iw
282
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
283
kXym-{]-Im-iw
284
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
285
kXym-{]-Im-iw
203. alm-{_m-W
- F-Xn\v Ctm arX-ic
- o-c
- n
\nv XpWn-sb-Sp-p hyn-b-Y-am-bn-cn-pp.
286
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
287
kXym-{]-Im-iw
288
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
289
kXym-{]-Im-iw
290
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
291
kXym-{]-Im-iw
PmXn-t`-Z-apv.
tNmZyw:- Cuiz-cI
- r-Xt- a-Xv, a\p-jy-Ir-Xt- aXv?
Dcw: a\p-jy, arKw, ]n, hrw, PePp apX-emb PmXn-I Cuiz-cI
- r-Xa
- m-Wv. arKfn ]ip, IpXn-c, B\ apXemb PmXn-I,
hr--fn Ac-bm, t]cm, amhv apXembh, ]n-I-fn lwk ImI _Im-ZnI, Pe-P-p--fn, ay--Xn-anw-K-em-Zn-I
apX-emb PmXn-t`-Z
- Cuiz-cI
- r-Xa
- m-Wv. CXpt]m-se-bmWv a\p-jy-cnse {_mW {Xnb
sshiy iq{Z Ay- P m- Z n, PmXn- t `- Z - .
Fm a\p- j y- c n {_m- W m- Z n- I sf
kmam\y PmXn-bn-e kmam\y hnti-jm-flI
210
PmXn-bn-emWv KWn-p--Xv. app hWm{ia hyh--bn Fgp-Xn-b-Xp-t]mse KpWIa kz`m-h-m hW-hy-h- AwKo-I-cnt-Xv Bh-iy-am-W.v app ]d-h
- w AhcpsS KpW-Iakz`m-h- t\mn {_mW
{Xnb sshiy iq{ZmZn hW--fpsS ]coWw \Sn hn`-Pn-tXv cmPm-mcptSbpw hnZzmam-cp-tSbpw IrXy-am-Wv. CXmWv
a\p-jym-Ir-X-Xzw.
Blm-c-t`-Z-nepw Cuiz-c-Ir-Xhpw a\p-jyIr-Xhpw Dv. knwlw amwk-lm-cn-bpw, Fcpa
kkym-lm-cn-bp-am-Wv. CXv CuizcIrXw. tZiIme hkvXp-t`-Z-m Blm-c-t`Zw Dm-pXv a\p-jy-Ir-Xw.
bqtdm-p-Im-cpsS KpW-tZmj \ncq-]Ww
tNmZyw: t\mq. bqtdm-p-Im jqkpw,
tImpw ]m vkpw [cn-bpw, tlm-ep-I-fn
Bcp-m-n-b-sXp t\mmsX `n-pIbpw sNp--Xp-sImv Ah D-Xnsb
{]m]n-p-p.
Dcw:- CXp \n-fpsS sXmb hnizm-kam-Wv. apkam-m-cpw, Ay-Pcpw Bcp-m-nb-Xm-bmepw `n-p-p, Fnpw Ah DX-cm-hm-s
- Xv? bqtdm-p-Im-cn _mey hnhml-an-. Bs] t`Z-an-msX hnZym-`ymkw
\evIp-p. kzbw-hc hnhmlw \S-p-p, Nobm-fp-I-fpsS D]-tZiw e`n-p-n-, hnZzm-mcmbn Bcp-sSbpw ]n-em--n s]Sm-Xn-cnp-p. ]c-kv]cw Btem-Nn-pw, k`-bn NsNbvXv \n-bnpw Imcy- \S-p-p.
292
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
p-X
- n-ep-amWv [-an-cn-p-s
- X tXm
Am-\-n\n-p-m-Ip tcmK-am-Wv.
`Ww Ign-p--Xn Fs-nepw A\mNmcw Imp--h- {`jvS-cm-sbp ]d-bpw. Ahcp-ambn kwkm-cn-p-Itbm kl-I-cn-p-Itbm
sNp-n-. Cu nXnv \n-fpsS Adnshmw kzm-X-bvp-th-ntbm ]c-amn\p thntbm Fp ]d-bp-I. \n-fpsS
Adnhv Am-\nIv {]tbm-P-\-s-Sp-tmgmWv ]c-amw {]m]vX-am-hp-Xv. A-h
{]tbm-P\sSp-p-n Fp ]d-bp-Xv icnb-., AXp \n-fpsS Ip-am-Wv. Ah-cp-tS-X-.
\n \mbn s]cp- a m- d p- s a- n Ah
\nsf kvt\ln-p-Ibpw \n-fpsS D]-tZi- tIp- I bpw D]- I r- X - c m- h p- I bpw
sNpw. \n Bbn-c--W-n\v P\--fpsS
{]tbm-P\w \jvS-s-Spn kzbw kpJn-p. A-Xp-sImv \n henb A]-cm-[n-I-fm-Wv.
A\y\v D]-Im-cw-sN-pXv [hpw ]c-lm\n
hcp- pXv A[a- h p- a m- W v . AXn- \ m
hnZzmm Fm- b v- t mgpw th hn[w
{]hnv Am-\n-Isf ZpxJ-km-K-c-n
\np Ic-I-b-p--Xn\v Hcp tXmWn-sb--hw
hn- - W w. XnI aqV- m- s c- t mse
A-an-m I- sNbvXp-IqSm. ]Icw
A\ypw X\npw Zn\w-{]Xn Db DmIp Ia- am{Xta sNm-hq.
5. tNmZyw: Cuiz-c-{]-Wo-Xhpw apgp-h\pw
kXy-hp-amb ]pkvX-I-sampw CsmWv
R-fpsS hnizm-kw. Fs-m a\p-jy-cpsS
_pn \n{`m-a-. Ah cNn ]pkvX-I-fnepw sXp-I Dm-bn-cn-pw. AXp-sImv
R Fm-hc
- n\npw kXys {Kln-pp. Ak-Xys XyPn-p-p. thZ-n-te-tXm,
ss__n- f n- t e- t Xm, Jp-B-\n-tetXm atsXnepw {K-n-tetXm BIs kXyw
Rp kzoIm- c yhpw AkXyw- GXnteXmbmepw XymPy-hp-am-Wv.
Dcw
: \n kXy-{Km-ln-If
- m-Im
B{K-ln-p--tX-Xp-sImtm AXp-sIm-pXs \n Ak-Xy-{Km-ln-I-fp-am-Ip-p-v.
a\p-jy -\n{`m\ Fp ]d-bp-tm
Xs a\p-jycmb \nfpw {`mn-k-ln-X-cm-
sWp hcp-p. A-s\-bp--h-cpsS hmpI Xopw {]mam-Wn-I-a-. AXn-\m \nfpsS hmp-Ifpw- -hn-iz-k-\o-b-a. A-s\-sbn hnjw-I-e `-Ww-t]mse \n-fpsS
hmp-If
- pw XymPyamWv. \n-fpsS {]mam-WnI
{Kw cNnbmfns hmp-Ifpw CXp-t]mse
XyPn-t--Xm-Wv. "Ing-p-\np h-Xp-an
Hm-en InS--Xp-an' F nXn-bn-emWv \n-. \n k--c-m--Xp-t]mse
ap a\p-jycpw k--c-. Xn-anw Nne-tm kXys XyPnv Ak-Xys kzoIcn-m\pw CS-bm-tb-mw. AXp-sImv k-\mb ]c-am-flm-hns hmWnbpsS klmbw
Aev]--cmb \ap-smw IqSntb Ign-bq.
thZ hymJym-\-n FgpXn h-Xns\ AXpt]mse 211 Ahiyw kzoI- c n- t - - X m- W v .
As-n btXm-{`-jSv k
- X
v t- Xm-{`jvSx C-pan Am-p-an F Ah--bm-Ipw.
Fm kXy-fpw thZ-n Dv. AkXyw
Hp-an Fn-cns AXns\ kzoI-cn-p-Xn in-p-Xv X\npw ap--hpw
lm\n-bp-m-pI am{X-amWv. CXp \nan-amWv \nsf Cm- p- I m `mc- X o- b - c m- b ntmepw KWn-m--Xv. \n Bcym-hns Dbv Imc-W-m-cm-hp-I-bp-an.
Imc-Ww, \n Ccn-p sImv apdn-phcm-Wv. CXp-sImv kzbtam ap-h
- tm
D]-Imcw sNm-sap hnNm-cnps-n AX-
293
kXym-{]-Im-iw
sImpw, apkam- m - X u_mlv sNpXpsImpw, ^em-\p-`hw IqSmsX ]m]-tamN\w e`n-p-sap hniz-kn-p-p. CXp-sImv
]m]w `bwIqSmsX sNp-Xv hfsc hnn-cn-pp. Cm-cy-n {_{]mY\m
kam-P-m ]ucm-Wn-I-tcbpw apw t]mse-bmWv. thZ-ns A\p-, ^e-a-\p-`-hn-msX
]m]-]p-Wy--fn\nv \nhrn Dm-hp-Ibn Fm-Wv. AX-\p-kc
- n-ph kZm ]m]hn-ap-Jcpw [tam-p-Jcpw Bbn-cn-pw. ^em\p-`-h-an-msX \nhr--am-Ip-sa-m-sW-n
Cuiz-c A\ym-b-Im-cn-bm-sWp hp-Iq-Spw.
8. \n Pohm-flm-hn\v AXyw DXn
{]m]nmsap ]d- b p- p. CsXm- c nepw
km[y-a
- . koa-bp Pohm-flm-hns KpW-Ia
kz`m-h
- f
- psS ^ehpw koa-bp-X
- m-bn-cn-pw.
tNmZyw:- Cuiz-c Zbm-ep-hmWv. koa-bp
Ia-pw \no-a-amb ^ew \evIpw.
Dcw :- As\ sNbvXm Cuiz-cs
\ymbw \jvS-amIpw. kXvI--fpsS ]ptcmK- X nv Bcpw bXv\n- - b p- a n- . Ipdv
kXvIn\v A\-amb ^ew e`n-p-san ]m-m-]hpw {]m-\-bpw-sImv
F{X-sb-nepw ]m]w Cm-Xm-Ipw. Ccw
Imcy- [a-lm\n hcp-pw. ]m]-I hn-p-Ibpw sNpw.
tNmZyw: R- kzm`m-hnI m\s
214
thZ-t-m hen-b-Xmbn Icp-Xp-p.
ss\an-n-I-amb m\s hne-h-bvp-n. Cuiz-c-Z--amb kzm`m-hn-I-m\w \nen-sn thZ--sf-s\ ]Tn-bpw ]Tnnbpw a\-n-em-p-Ibpw a\-n-em-n-p-Ibpw
sNpw? AXn-\m R-fpsS aX-amWv hfsc
\-Xv.
Dcw:- Cu hmZw \nc-I-am-Wv. Fsm Bsc-nepw Xcp m\w kzm`m-hnI
m\-a
- . kzm`m-hnI m\w klPm\am-W.v AXv Gdp-Itbm Ipd-bp-Itbm C. AXp
\nanw Bcpw DXn {]m]n-p-I-bn-. Impa-\p-jy-cnepw kzm`m-hnI m\-ap-v. Fnepw
Ah Db t\Sp- n- . Fm ss\annIm\-amWv D-Xnp Imc-Ww. t\mq!
294
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
_meymh--bn I-hym-Ihytfm
[am-[a-tfm \ap-smpw Adn-hn-m-bn-cpp. \mw hnZzm-m-cn \nv ]Tn--Xn-\p-ti-jamWv [am-[a-fpw I-hy-fpw a\-nem-m-\m-b-Xv. AXn-\m kzm`m-hnI m\ns\ kthm-]-cn-bm-sWv Icp-Xp-Xv icnb-.
9. \n ]qh-P
- hpw ]p\P-hpw AwKoI-cn-m-Xv -IrkvXym\nI-tfbpw apo-tfbpw A\p- I - c n- m- h mw.- - C - X n- \ p- - c hpw
]p\P hymJym-\-n \np {Kln-pI. 215 Fm Poh imizX \nXy
\msWpw AXns Ihpw {]hm-l-cq-]n \nXy-am-sWpw -am{Xw a\-n-em-p-I.
Iahpw Ia-hm\pw Xn - -\n-Xy-_--ap-v.Pohmflmhv Hpw sNmsX shdp-sX-bn-cnp-I-bmtWm? Cuiz-c\pw shdptX Ccn-p-Ibm- s Wt \n ]d- b p- Xp tIm
tXmq. ]qhm-]-c-P-- Csphm.
IrX-lm\n, BIrXm-`ym-Kaw , ss\LrWyw,
sshjayw Fo tZmj- Cuiz-c-\n
hp IqSpw. P-an-s-n ]m]-]pWy ^e-f-\p-`-hn-m-\m-ImsX hcp-p. asm-cm-fn\v
kpJtam ZpxJtam em`tam tNXtam hcp-nh-m AXn-\p-X--hw ^ew icocw [cnmsX {]m]vX-am-Ip-n-. cm-aXv ]qh-P-nse ]m]-]pWyfn-s-n Cu Pn kpJ- Z px- J - Fs\bpm- I m\mWv? ]qh-P--nse ]m]-]p-Wy--f-\p-kcn- Ch-sb-n Cuiz-c A\ym-b-Im-cnbpw,
sNbvX Ia-n\p ^e-e_v[n Cm-sX-bm-hpIbpw sNpw. AXn- \ m \n- f psS Cu
hmZhpw icn-b-.
10. Cuiz- c - s \- b - msX, Znhy- K pW- a p
]Zm--tfbpw hnZzm-m-scbpw \n tZhm-cmbn Icp-Xp-n-. CXpw icn-b-. Fsm Cuiz-c alm-tZ-h-\m-Wv. thsd tZhm-cn-s-n tZh-tZ-h-\mb alm-tZ-h Fsn\p ]d-bWw?
11. Antlm{XmZn Ihy Ia
I-hy-a-sp Icp-Xp-Xv \-X-.
12. Ejn--a-ljn-am-cpsS D]-Im-c- hn-kvacnv tbip-hn-sbpw apw ]nmte Iq\n-q-SpXv \-X-.
295
kXym-{]-Im-iw
{X-a-.
tNmZyw: Xm Fm-h-tcbpw JWvUn-psIm- n- c n- p- p. Fm AXm- X ns
\nebvv Fm aX-fpw \XmWv. Btcbpw
JWvU\w sNbvXp IqSm. JWvUn-n-v, sa-amsb-mWv Xm-fp-]-tZ-in-p--Xv? sa-am-bp]-tZ-in-psn Xm-tf-m A[n-Itam
Xpeytam tbmKy- X - b p Bcpw Cm- b n- c pstm Cstm Icp-Xp-pm-hp-atm?
Cs\ A`n-am-\n-p-Xv Xmv DNn-X-a. Fs-m Cuizcs krjvSn-bn Hns\mv Xpeytam \yq\tam Bbn ]e-Xp-apv.
Uw`v Imp-Xv Hpw DNn-X-a-.
Dcw:- [aw Fm-hpw Hp-Xs
- tbm
]etXm? ]e-XmsWp ]d-bp ]w Hv
asm-n\v hncp-tam Ahn-cp-tam? hncp-am-W-n GsX-nepw Ht [aam-bn-cn-q.
A-hn-cp--am-sW-nhn`nambn-cnp-Xn
AY-an-.- A-Xn-\m [aw Hm-Wv. At\-Ia-.
ChnsS hnti-j-ambn ]d-bp-Xv C{X-am-{XamWv:- Fm k{-Zm-b--fp-tSbpw D]-tZ-i GsX-nepw `c-Wm-[n-] kam-l-cn-m,
Bbn-c-n-sempw Ipd-bp-I-bn-. Fm Chbn -ap-Jy-ambn ]pcm-Wn, IrkvXym-\n, ssP-\n,
Ipdm\n Fo -\m-en-\ta Dm-bn-cn-q. Fm
k{-Zm-b-fpw Cu \men-sem-nsSpw.
GsX-nepw cmPmhv Xs k`-bn 216Cu
Bbn-c-t--bpw hnfnp Iqn ""Rm\n-Xp-hscGsX- nepw Kpcp- h n- t \tbm [- t tbm
kzoI-cn-n-n-. Fm [--fnepw Daw
Bcp- t S- X m- W v? Rm kzo- I - c ntXv
GXmWv? hma-amKn BZyw ]d-bs''. Fp
]d-bp-p-shp k-ev]npI.
hma-amKn:- R-fp-tS-Xv.
Pnmkp: Cu 999-w F-s\-bpv?
hm. am:- Fm-hcpw I-m. \c-I-Km-anI ImemXv ]c-Xcw \ln Fp -tI-n-nt?
Cu {]am-W-m R-fp-tS-Xn sa-amb
[--an-sp \n-bw.
Pn:- Xm-fpsS [w -F-mWv?
hm. am: `K-h-Xnsb tkhn, aZyamwkmZn
]-a-Im-c- tkhn, cp{Z-bm-a-emZn X{ sNbvI, CXymZn \n\v apn thtWm,
\psS injy-\m-bn-smI.
Pn: icn. ap alm-Xvam--tfm-Sp-IqSn tNmZn-dn-b-s. ]noSv F\nv {ibpw CjvShpw
tXmpbmfns injy-\m-Ipw.
hm. am: tlbv! Fn\o A_--n
NmSpp? Ch \nsf I_-fn-nv he-bn
IpSp-pw. Bcp-sS-b-Sppw t]mtI-. RfpsS injy-\m-hv. As-n ]m--]n-pw.
t\mv ! R- f psS aX- n t`mKhpw
tamhpw cpw Dv.
Pn: icn. t\mn-h-cmw.
]noSv ssihs ASpv sN- t m
Ahcpw CtX Dcw ]d-p. hnti-jm]d-Xn-{X-am{Xw: ""inhs\ hniz-kn-msX,
`kv a - c p- { Zm [mc- W - h pw, enMv K - ] q- P bpw
sNmsX apn Hcn-epw e`n-p-I-bn-.''
Chsc hnv \ho\ thZm-n-bpsS ASpp
sNp.
Pnmkp: alm-fl! Ahn-Ss [sa-mWv?
thZmn: \mw [am[a--sfmpw IWm-p-n-. \mw kmm {_-am-Wv. \apv
[a-sav, A[-asav? Cu PKv anYy.
m\n-bm-h-tWm, ip ssNX-\y-am-I-tWm,
{_-sav kzbw \n\-bvq. Poh-s\--`mhw
If \nXy-ap--\m-hpw.
Pnmkp: \n \nXy-ap {_m-Ws\-n {_-ns KpW-Ia kz`m-h-
\n-fn-en-m--sXv? Fn\o ico-c-n
_nX-\m-bn-cn-pp?
th: \n icocw ImWp- p, Ct?
AXmWv -{`m-n. \ Hpw ImWp-n-. {_-a-msX
Pn: ImWp--Xmcv? Bsc ImWpp?
th: {-- _w ImWp-p. {_-s {_w
ImWp-p.
Pn: tM! cp {_--aptm?
th: C. Xs, Xm ImWp-p.
Pn: Hcp- h \v Ahs tXmfn Ib- d msatm? \n-fpsS Cu ]d-n-en Hp-an-.
{`m-m-sX.
]noSv ssP\n-If
- psS ASpp sNp tNmZn-
296
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
p. Ahcpw A-s\-Xs ]d-p. hntijm C{Xbpw IqSn ]d-p. ""PnW [a-samgnsI asmw s]m. PKXv Im- h mb
A\mZn Cuiz-c-\n-. PKv A\mZn Imew
apX Cs\ Dmn h-Xm-Wv. Ct\
XpS-cpw. \o hm. \psS injy-\m-hv. \
kayzo Fm hn[-nepw \-h BWv.
\ Imcy- kzoI-cn-p-p. ssP\ amK-am--sXmw anYzm-Xzo-b-am-Wv.''
]noSv Ir-kvXym-\n-I-fpsS ASpp sNp.
Ah- t cmSpw hma- a mKn- I - t fmSp tNmZn- Xpt]mse tNmZy- tNmZn-p. Ah ]d-Xp-t]mse D-c-hpw Inn. hnti-jm C{Xam{Xw IqSn ]dp:- ""a\p-jy-scmw ]m]n-IfmWv. kzw kmayw-sImv ]m]-apn
Inp-I-bn-. {InkvXp-hn- hnizknv ]hn-{X-cmImsX apn-bn-. tbip Fm-hpw thn
kzbw Ipcn-in-te-dn I\n-hp-Im-n, \o R-fpsS
injy-\m-bn-tm-fq.''
CXp tI-tijw Pnmkp aue-hn-km-tl_ns ASpp sNp. Ahn-sSbpw tNmtZym-c--fp-m-bn, C{X-bpw-IqSn ]d-p. ""ki- - \ mb Amlp, Ahs {]hm- N - I
JpB ico^v Ch-b-msX ap apn aman-. CXn hniz-kn-m--h \mkvXn-Icpw
Im^n-dp-If
- p-am-Wv. Ah hmPn_pIXv (inctZw sN-s-tS--h) BWv.
Pnmkp sshjv W hcpsS ASpp
sNp. Ah hnti-jm- ]d-Xv CXm-Wv.
""R-fpsS Xne-I-pdn Iv ba-cm-P `bp-p.'' PnPvRmkp hnNm-cnp Cubpw
sImXpIpw t]meo-kp-Im-c\pw I\pw sImm-c\pw i{Xpfpw `b-s-Sp-n. ]nmtWm
ba-`-S-m!
hopw aptmv \Sv Htcm aX-m-cp-tSbpw
ASpp sNp. Fm-hcpw X-fp-tS-XmWv
kXy-sap ]d-p. Nne R-fpsS I_o
kXyw, Nne \m\Iv kXyw, Nne ZmZq, Nne
h-` C\n Nne kl-Pm-\-, ap-Nne am[z apX-embhsc henb-hcpw Ah-Xm-c-217. apWvU-tIm-]-\n-jv 1.2, 12-13
218. ssII-fn kaW hkvXp-hp-ambn kan[ (b-hn-d-Iv) kpe-`hpw sFI-cq-]y-ap--Xp-am-I-bm D]\n-jX
- vIm-c AXv kaW hkvXp-hm-n-bX
- m-Wv.
Acn--lvk-X = iq\y-a-m ssII-fp--h
fp-ambn hmgvn. Bbn-ct- mSpw tNmZn-p. AhcpsS ]c-kv]c hntcm[w Iv, Ch-cn-emcpw Kpcphmbn kzoI-cn-m tbmKy-c Fv \nbnp. Fs-m Hmtcmpw I-am-sWv av
999 t] kmn ]d-p. I-hS-
- m-c\pw,
thiy-bpw, sXm-ep-Im-c-\pw Ah-c-h-cpsS Ncp-I \spw ap-h
- c
- ptSXv No Fpw
]d-bp-Xp t]mse-bm-Wn-h ]d-bp--Xpsa-dnv:-
1. XZzn-m-\mcvYw, k Kpcp-ta-hm-`n-K-tXv
kan-Xv]mWnx t{im{Xnbw {_-\n-jvT-av.
2. Xkvssa khn-Zzm-\p-]-k-mb kay-Iv{]im Nnmb ia-\zn-Xmb tb\m-cw ]pcpjw thZ kXyw t{]mhmN Xmw XztXm
{_-hn-Zym-av. 217
1. B kXys Adn-bp-X
- n\v kan-Xv]mWn
AXm-bXv sXmgpssI-tmsS AcnlkvX\mbn 218 thZ--\pw, {_-\n-jvT\pw, ]cam-flm-hns\ Adn-bp Bfpamb Kpcp-hns
ASpv sN-Ww. Cu A-hn-izm-kn-IfpsS
he- b n hog- c p- X v . 2 As\ Pnmkp
hnZzms ]-se-n-bm B imNn-\mb
PntX-{nb, kao-]\mb Pnm-kp-hn\v
bYmY {-- _hnZy AYhm Cuiz-cs KpWIa kz`m- h - D]- t Z- i n- - W w. GtXsXmw km[- \ - I - f m B t{imXm- h n\v
[am Ima-tam--, ]c-am-flmhv Fnhsb Adn-bm Ign-bp-tam, Ah-sb-sv
t_m[n-np sImSp--Ww.
C{]-Im-c-ap Bfns ASp-sn ]dpalcmPv! Cu k{-Zm-b--fpsS _l-fn s]v Fs a\v {`m-am-bn-cn-p-p.
Fs- m Rm Ch- b n GsX- nepw
injyXzw kzoI-cn-m 999 -t]-cpsS hntcm[w
km-Zn--Ww. 999 i{Xp-fpw Hcp an{Xhpw
D-bm-fn\v Hcn-epw kuJyw Dm-hp-I-bn-.
AXn-\m Rms\p sN-W-sav Av D]tZ-in--Ww.
B]vXhnZzm Cu aX--sfmw Ahn-ZymP-\yhpw hnZym-hn-tcm-[n-I-fp-amWv. aqVcpw ]maccpw ImS-m-cp-amb a\p-jysc I_-fn-np hioI-cnv Ahsc he-bn IpSpn Ch kzw
{]tbm-P\ knnp]tbm-Kn-p-p. B ]mh Ah-cpsS a\pjy P-ns ^ew e`n-
297
kXym-{]-Im-iw
msX Pw ]mgm-p-p. GXn Fm-h-cptSbpw A`n-{]mbw HmtWm AXt{X thZ-aXw. AXt{X ssIsm-t-Xv. ]c-kv]-c-hntcm[w DXv sa\-s-Sp Ak-Xyhpw
Xn-anw XymPy-hp-am-Wv.
Pnmkp : CsX-s\ ]co-n--dnbpw?
B]vX-hn-Zzm: \o t]mbn C\n ]d-bpwhw- F-m-htcmSpw tNmZn-p-I. Ah-cp-sSsbmw adp-]Sn Hm-bn-cnpw.
Abm B Bbncw t]cpsS Iqn
sNv ]dp: ""Fm-hcpw tI-Ww. kXy`m--j-W-n-emtWm [aw. anYym-`m-j-W-nemtWm?'' Fm-hcpw H-kz-c-n ]dp:-
""kXy-`m-j-W-n-emWv [aw. anYym-`m-j-Wn A[a-amWv'' AXp-t]mse hnZym-`ym-kn, {_-Ncy ]me-\-n, ]qWbphm-h- b n hnhmln- X - c m- I p- Xn, kw- K n, ]pcp- j m- n, kXyhy- h - l m- c n FmamtWm [aw, AtXm Ahn-Zym-{KlWw, {_- N cyanmbva, hy`n- N mcw,
IpkwKw, aSn, Ak-Xy-hy-hl
- mcw, NXnhpw Im]Syhpw, lnwk, ]c-lm\n apX-em-b-h-bntem?
Fm-hcpw Hnp tNv ]d-p. ""hnZym`ym-km-Zn-I [-ahpw AhnZym {Kl-Wm-Zn-I
A[a-hp-am-Wv.'' Atm PnPvRmkp Fm-htcm-Sp-ambn ]dp: "" \n C{]-Imcw Hs-mbn kXy-[-ns D-Xnbvpw anYyamK-ns Ah-\-Xn-bvp-ambn Fp-sImv
{]hn-p-n? Fm-h-cpw-IqSn ]dp:
R- f - s\ sNbv X m Rsf Bcp
Ku\npw? R-fpsS injy-m ]dm
tIn-. hb-p-n-gv appw. A\p-`-hn-p
B\---sfmw ssIhn-p-t]mIpw. AXp-sImmWv Adn-bm-am-bnpw kzaX--fpsS {]NmcWw sNp-Xv. ""Imnse XSn, tXh-cpsS
B\, hen-t XSn'' F-XmWv Imcyw.
t\mq temI-n t\cpw sNmp-ap a\pjys\ Bcpw hI-sh-bvn-. NXnhpw h-\bp-ambn \S-p ht\hne-bp-q.
Pn-mkp: Ccw I--c--fn-eqsS
ap-h
- sc sIm-bS- n-p-X
- n\v cmPmhv in\-evIm--sX-mWv?
298
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
299
kXym-{]-Im-iw
300
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
. ]tcm-]I
- mc _pnbpw, Ihy I-
sNp--Xn\v Dm-l-hp-an-m-sX-s\ Xpd-phm-\m-Wv? Bm-cqsS _lp-am\w, `-W{]nbw Fn-h-bmWv Chp-h-ep-Xv. temI-\nsb Ch hfsc `b-s-Sp-p. temssI-jW=
P\--fpsS BZ-chv B{K-ln-p-I, hnssjW = [\-n-\m-{K-ln-p-I. ]pss{X-jW =
]p{X-m-cn-se--hw injy-m-cn taml-apm-Ip-I. Fo aqp GjW (B-{K-lw)bpw
XyPn- msX F- s \- b mWv kw\ymkw
km-I-am-Ip-Xv? ]-]m-X-an-msX thtZm]-tZiw sNbvXv temtIm-]-Im-c-n-\p-thn
cm]- I Z- { i- - c m- b n- c n- p- - h - c t{X
bYm kw\ym-kn-I. Ah-\-hs IS-a-I
\nd-th-msX kw\ym-kn-sbp apw t]cv [cnp-Xv hy-am-Wv. AYhm Krl--m
kzm-kn-n-p-thn ]cn-{i-an-p--Xnepw
A[nIw Xmev]c
- y-tmsS kw\ym-kn-am ]tcm]-Imc \nc-X-cm-bn-cp-mepw Fm B{i-a-fpw
A`n-hr-nsb {]m]n-p--Xm-Wv.
kw\ym-kn-am-tcmSv
t\mq! \n-fpsS Iap-n-et A\mNmcPSn-ea
- mb aX- s]cp-Ip-Xv? At\-I
{InkvXym-\n-Ifpw apk-am-m-cp-am-Ip-p-v.
\nv kzbw cn-p-X
- nt\m, ap-h
- sc
Iq-n tNp--Xnt\m Ign-hn-. B{K-lnsnet Ign- h p- mhq? Cpw `mhn- I mepw D-Xnsb emm-n {]hn-m-Xncp- m Bcym- h - n\pw CX- c - t Z- i pw A`n-hr-n-bp-m-Ib
- n-. A`n-hr-np
\nZm-\-amb thZ-im-kv{Xm-Zn-I-fpsS ]T-\hpw
]mT-\hpw, {_-N-cymZn B{i-a--fpsS A\pjvTm-\hpw ktXym-]-tZ-ihpw sNmsX tZin\v Db Dm-hp-I-bn-. 224 Pm{K-X-bmbn-cn-p-I. At\Iw k\ym-kn-am I---hS-m-sctmse ]p{XZm\w sNm knn-bpspw apw ]dv Bfp-Isf hniz-kn-np-p. Ah-cpsS ASpv At\Iw kv{XoI
Hp- I qSn sXmgp- X v ]p{X- e m- ` - a p- m- I m
{]mn-p-p. kw\ymkn ]p{X-em-`-ap-mIs Fv Binh- Z n- p- p. Ah- c nemm\pw ]p{X-\p-m-bm Biohm-Zns in-\n-an--am-WsXv hniz-kn-pp. ]n-pw, ]npw Igp-Xbvpw ]nS-tmgnpw apw Ipp-Ip-n-I-fp-m-Ip-Xv GXp
301
kXym-{]-Im-iw
302
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]ecpw Htc kabw kns ASp-- psNptm ]g-b-]Sn Dcw \evIm hnjan- pw. Atm kn ""Fm- h - c pw- I qSn
Fs D]-{Z-hn--cpXv'' Fp ]dv au\w
`Pn-pw. DSs\ Z-mfm ""Fm-h-cpw-IqSn D]{Z-hn-m Atlw ew hnp-t]m-Ipw.'' Fpw
apw ]d-bp-hm XpS-p-p. Ah-cns
henb [\-hmm Zm-f-msc hnfnv, RfpsS a\-n-ep Imcyw ]d-bp-sa-n hnizkn-m-sap ]d-bpw. Atm Zm-f-m - tNmZn-d
- nv Ahsc sImp-t]mbn app ]d
\nnjvS m\--fn Ccp-pw. kn
Imcyw a\-n-emn {]h-N\w \S-pw. AXptIv AhnsS IqSn-bn-cn-p--hcpw kns\
{]Ion-p-I-bm-bn. ]gw, a[p-c-]-e-lmcw,
hkv{Xw, ]Ww Fn-s\ hnhn[ km[-\ Bfp-I-fn\np ssI-em-p-p. BfpI-fpsS hnizmkw \ne-\n-evp-thmfw CXp XpScp-p. Ip-]q-n hniz-kn-p--hv ]p{X-Zm\hpw `kvaw \evIepw apw XpS-cpw. Bbn-c-W-n\v cq] hmn-bnv ]dbpw ""kXy-amb
`nbptm, -]p-{X P\n-pw.'"
cm-amKw
Cs\ sIm-m \nc-h[n Xc-n-epv. hnZzmam-msX ampw Chsc ]con--dn-bm Bhp-I-bn. thZm-Zn-hn-Zy-I ]Tnp-Ibpw kwKw sNp-Ibpw -sN-bvXm
am{Xta kzbw h-e-bn hogm-Xn-cn-p--Xn\pw
A\ysc cn-p--Xn\pw Ign-bp-I-bp-q.
Fs-m Adn-hmWv a\p-jys Iv. hnZybn-msX Adn-hp-m-Ib
- n-. _meym-h
- a
- p-X
D-a-amb inWw e`n-p--bm am{Xta
hnZzm- \ m- h q. No- I q- p- s I- n s]Sp- - h
ZpjvS\pw , ]m]n-bpw, alm-aq-V\p-ambn henb
226. kzmbw-`q-h-a-\p-hns ]p{X CzmI apX `mc-Xbp-I
- mew hsc GI-tZiw 100 Xe-ap-db
- p-.v kwkvIrX-hym-Ic
- W \nb-a{- ]-Imcw ]nXr-\m-a
- n\nv ]p{X]u-{X-m-cpsS t]cv ]d-bp {]Xy-b
- \nanw
Cu ]c-c
- b
- psS {Iaw aqp-\mep e-f
- n-semgnsI Fpw sXn-sbp ]d-bpI Akm-[y-am-Wv.
AXn-\m `mc-Xob Ncn-{X-ns Ime-KW
- \
- b
- n
hnti-jm Kth,Ww \S-t-X
- m-W.v
227. G.-Un. 1724-25, 1881-82 Fn-hb
- mWv ]cm-ain-Xa
- mb
hn{I-am-_Zv
- . amK-iojw P\p-hcn s^{_p-hc
- n.
228. CXv ]co-n-ns Bbp-jvIm-e-amWv `cn-Xv 24
hj-am-sWv ]WvUnv `K-h--v.
303
kXym-{]-Im-iw
cmPmhv
1 hn{i-hkv
2 ]pc-tk\n
3 hoc-tk\n
4 A\-MvK-imbn
5 lcn-PnXv
6 ]c-a-tk\n
304
hjw amkw
Znhkw
1. bp[n-jvTn-c
36
8
25
2. ]cn-nv
60
0
0 228
3. P\-ta-Pb
-
84
7
23
4. Aiz-ta-[
82
8
22
5. ZznXo-b-cm-a
88
2
8
6. O{X-ae
-
81
11
27
7. Nn{X-cY
-
75
3
18
8. ZpjvS-ssi-ey
75
10
24
9. D{K-tk-\
78
7
21
10. iqc-tk-\
78
7
21
11. `ph-\-]Xn
69
5
5
12. cW-PnXv
65
10
4
13. Ej-I
64
7
4
14. kpJ-tZ-h
62
0
24
15. \c-lc
- n-tZ-h
51
10
2
16. kqNn-c-Y
42
11
2
17. iqc-tk-\(2)
58
10
8
18. ]h-Xt- k-\
55
8
10
19. ta[mho
52
10
10
20. tkm\-No-c
50
8
21
21. `oatZ-h
47
9
20
22. \rl-cn-tZ-h
45
11
23
23. ]qW-ae
-
44
8
7
24. IZho
44
10
8
25. Aew-an-I
50
11
8
26. DZ-b-]m-e
38
9
0
27. `ph-\-a-e
40
10
26
28. Zam-X
32
0
0
29. `oa-]m-e
58
5
8
30. ta-I
48
11
21
ta-Is {][m-\-a-{n-bm-bn-cp hn{i-hkv
ta-Is\ sImv cmPm-hm-bn. hn{i-h-kns 14
Xe-apd 500 hjhpw 3 amkhpw 17 Znh-khpw `cn-Xns ]nI:
17
42
52
47
35
44
3
8
10
8
9
2
29
21
7
23
17
23
]Xns\mmw kap-mkw
cmPmhv
hjw amkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Znhkw
9 kpJ-]m-Xm-f
30
2
21
8 I{Zp-X
42
9
24
9 k
32
2
14
10 Aa-c-Nq-U
27
3
16
11 Aao-]m-e
22
11
25
12 Zi-c-Y
25
4
12
13 hoc-km-e
31
8
11
14 hoc-km-e-tk-\
40
0
14
hoc-km-e-tk-\s {][m-\-a{n hoc-a-lkv hockm-e-tk\ cmPm-hns\ h[nv cmPyw ssI-emn. 16 Xe-ap-dI
- f
- mbn 445 hjw 5 amkw 3 Znhkw
`cn-p. AXns ]nI:
1 hoc-a-lkv
35
10
8
2 APn-X-knw-l
27
7
19
3 kh-Z-
28
3
10
4 `ph-\-]Xn
15
4
10
5 hoc-tk-\
21
2
13
6 alo-]m-e
40
8
7
7 i{Xp-im-e
26
4
3
8 kwL-cm-P
17
2
10
9 tXP-]m-e
28
11
10
10 amWn-Iy-N-{
37
7
21
11 Ima-tk\n
42
5
10
12 i{Xp-a-\
8
11
13
13 Poh-\-tem-I
28
9
17
14 lcn-cm-h
26
10
29
15 hoc-tk-\ (2)
35
2
20
16 BZn-Xy-tIXp
23
11
13
aK-[-bnse BZn-Xy-tIXp cmPm-hns\ {]bm-Kbnse [-c F cmPmhv h[nv cmPy-`-cWw
XpS-n. 9 Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn 374 hjw 11 amkw 26
Znhkw `cn-p. AXns hnh-cWw:
1 [-c
42
7
24
2 aljn
41
2
29
3 k\-co
50
10
19
4 alm-bp-
30
3
8
5 Zpc-\m-Y
28
5
25
6 Poh-\-cm-P
45
2
5
7 cp{Z-tk-\
47
4
28
8 Bco-e-I
52
10
8
9 cmP-]m-e
36
0
0
cmP-]m-es\ kma--\mb alm]m-e h[nv
Hcp Xe-ap-db
- n 14 hjw am{Xw `cn-p. alm]mes\ Ah-n-I-bnse (D-ss-\n) hn{I-am-Zn-Xycm-Pmhv A{I-anp h[nv 1 Xe-ap-d-bn 39 hjw
am{Xw `cn-p. hn{I-am-Zn-Xys\ imen-hm-l\
- s Hcp
cmPmhv
hjw amkw
Znhkw
1 kap-{Z-]m-e
54
2
20
2 N{-]m-e
36
5
4
3 klm-b-]m-e
11
4
11
4 tZh-]m-e
27
1
28
5 \c-knw-l-]m-e
18
0
20
6 kma-]m-e
27
1
17
7 cLp-]m-e
22
3
25
8 tKmhn-]
- m-e
27
1
17
9 Aar-X-]m-e
36
10
13
10 _eo-]m-e
12
5
27
11 alo-]m-e
13
8
4
12 lco-]m-e
14
8
4
13 kok-]m-e
11
10
13
14 aZ-\-]m-e
17
10
19
15 Ia-]m-e
16
2
2
16 hn{I-a-]m-e
24
11
13
hn{I-a]
- m-ec
- m-Pmhv ]n-at- Z-i
- nse aep-JvNv
t_m{lm F cmPm-hns\ B{I-anp bp-n
aep-JvN-v, hn{I-a-]m-es\ h[nv C{-{]-nse cmPm-hm-bn. 10 Xe-ap-d-I-fn 191 hjhpw
1 amkhpw 16 Znh-khpw `cn-p. CXns hni-Zmwi-:
1 aep-JvNv
54
2
10
2 hn{I-a-Nv
12
7
12
3 AaoNv
10
0
5
4 cma-Nv
13
11
8
5 lco-Nv
14
9
24
6 Iym-W-Nv
10
5
4
7 `oa-Nv
16
2
9
8 temh-Nv
26
3
22
9 tKmhn--Nv
31
7
12
10 dmWn ]flm-hXn
1
0
0
dmWn ]flm-hX
- nv km-\a
- n-m-bn-cp-p. Ah
acn-p. Atm a{n-am-scmw IqSn-tv lcnt{]-a-ssh-cm-Knsb knwlm-k-\m-cq-V-\m-n-hv
a{n-am `c-W-am-cw-`n-p. 4 Xe-ap-d-I-fn-embn 50
hjhpw 21 Znh-khpw `cn-p. AXn--s\-bmWv:
1 lcn-t{]-a
7
5
16
2 tKmhn--t{]-a
20
2
8
3 tKm]m-e-t{]-a
15
7
28
4 alm-_mlp
6
8
29
alm-_mlp cmPyw XyPnv X]-p-sN-m h\n t]mbn. CXv _wKm-fnse cmPm-hmb B[otk-\ Adnv C{-{]--n-sen cmPm-hm-
305
kXym-{]-Im-iw
cmPmhv
hjw amkw
Znhkw
1 B[o-tk-\
18
5
21
2 hnem-he
- t- k
12
4
2
3 tIi-ht- k-\
15
7
12
4 amL-tk-\
12
4
2
5 abq-ct- k-\
20
11
27
6 `oa-tk-\
5
10
9
7 Iym-Wt- k-\
4
8
21
8 lcn-tk-\
12
0
25
9 ta-tk-\
8
11
15
10 \mcm-b-W-tk-\1
2
2
29
11 evao-tk-\
26
10
0
12 Zmtam-Z-c-tk-\
11
5
19
Zmtam-Zc
- t- k-\ Xs amS-n-Isf hfsc Ivtfinn- p. Ah- c n Hcm- f mb Zo]- k nw- l - a m- S n
ssk\ys Iqn bpw sNbvXv cmPm-hns\
sImv knwlm-k\w ssIb-S-n. 6 Xe-ap-d-bn
107 hjw 6 amkw 22 Znhkw `cn-p. hnh-cWw:
1 Zo]-knw-l
17
1
26
2 cmP-knw-l
14
5
0
3 cW-knw-l
9
8
11
4 \c-knw-l
45
0
15
5 lcn-knw-l
13
2
29
6 Poh-\-knw-l
8
0
1
Poh- \ - k nw- l Ftm Imcy- n\v Xs
ssk\ys apgp-h hS-tm--b-p. CX-dn
sshcm-Sc
- m-Pm-hmb ]rYzo-cmPv Nlzm Poh-\k
- nwls\ B{I-anp h[nv C{-{] cmPm-hmbn 5
Xe-ap-d-bn 86 hjw 20 Znhkw cmPyw `cn-p.
hnh-cWw:
1 ]rYzo-cmPv
12
2
19
2 A`-b-]m-e
14
5
17
3 ZpP-\-]m-e
11
4
14
4 DZ-b-]m-e
11
7
3
5 bi-]m-e
36
4
27
bi-]m-e- cm-Pm-hns\ 232 ilm-_p-o Kudn
F Kkv\n kpm B{I-anp Iog-Sn
{]bm-K-bnse Hcp tIm-bn _-\--\m-n.
CXv hn{I-am_vZw 1249 embn-cp-p 228. ]noSv
C{- { ]- - n Znn- b n ilm- _ p- o
kpm `c-W-am-cw-`n-p. 53 Xe-ap-d-I 754
hjw 1 amkw 17 Znhkw `cn-p. CXv Ncn-{X-]pkvXI
-
- f
- n ]e-Xnepw hnkvXc
- n-s-gp-Xn-bn-p-v.
AXn-\m ChnsS Fgp-Xp-n-.
306
D-cmw
A\p`qanI cv
Bcym-h-nse a\p-jy-cn \nv kXymk-Xy-sf hmkvX-h-ambn \nW-bn-n-p--Xn\p-X-Ip thZ-hnZy Hgn-v, AhnZy ]c-v, aXa-Xm--c- Dm-b-XmWv ssP\mZn hnZym
hncp aX--fpsS {]Nm-c-n\p \nan--am-bXv.
hmevao-In-cm-am-b-W-ntem alm-`m-c-X-ntem
ssP\n-I-sf-n \ma-am-{X-am-bn-tmepw Fgp-Xn-bnn. ssP\n-I-fpsS {K--fn hmevao-In-cm-amb-W-nepw alm-`m-c-X-nepw hWn-n-p
cma-sbpw IrjvW-sbpw apw IY-I hfsc
hnkv X - c np hWn- n- p- v . Cu aX- ns
Dhw Ahbvp tij-am-sWv CXv sXfn-bnp-p. X-fpsS aXw hfsc ]pcm-X-\-am-sWv
ssP\n-I ]d-bp-Xv icn-bm-sW-n, hmevaoIn- c m- a - b - W - nepw apw Ah- c psS IY- I
Ahiyw Dm-bn-cp-t-t\. AXn-\m ssP\-aXw
Cu {K-p tij-ap-m-b-Xm-Wv.
ssP\ {K--fnse IY-I FSp-mWv
hmevaoIn cmam-b-Whpw, ap {K-fpw FgpXn-b-sXv Bs-nepw ]d-bm-hp--Xm-Wv.
\n-fpsS {K--fp-sS t]cp-t]mepw AXn-enm--sX-m-sWpw \n-fpsS {K--fn
D-sX-m-sWpw Ah-tcmSp tNmZn--Ww.
]nXm-hns Pw ]p{X\p ImWm-\m-Iptam? Hcn-ep-an. ssP\ _u-a-X- ssih-i-mZn
aX-p tijw Dm-b-Xm-sW-t{X CXn
\np knn-p--Xv.
Cu 12-mw kap-m-k-n ssP\-a-X-s-n
Fgp-Xn-bn- p- - sXmw Ah- c psS {K-sf
Bkv ] - Z - a m- n- b mWv . CXv Iv ssP\n- I
sNmSn- - c p- X v . Ch- c psS aX- s n \mw
FgpXnbsXmw kXym-kXy \nW-b-n\p
thnbmWv. hntcm-[np--Xnt\m lm\n-bp-mp--Xnt\m thn-b-.
Cu teJ\w ssP\tcm, _utcm am-sc-neptam Im Fm- h pw kXyhpw
AkXyhpw \nW-bn-p--Xn-\p-thn Nnnm\pw Fgp-Xm\pw kabw e`n-bpw Imcyw
t_m[n-bpw sNpw. hmZnbpw {]Xn-hm-Zn-bp-ambn
{]oXntbmsS hmZn- p- I tbm Fgp- X p- I tbm
sNmsX kXym- k Xy \nbw km[y-a-.
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
12
]{mw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Imiw
_u ssP\ aX JWvU\ aWvU\w
C\n \mkvXn-I-a-X-n Nmhm-Iw, _u ssP\ aX JWvU\ aWvU\ hnjbw hymJym\n-mw.
Nmhm-I-aXw
thZ- - f nepw Cuiz- c - \ nepw bmZn
Da Ia--fnepw hnizmkan-m _rlkv]Xn Fp t]cmb Hcm Dm-bn-cp-p.
At-l-ns aXw t\mn-bmepw:
bmh- ohw kpJw PothmkvXn
artXym-ct- Km-Ncx, `kvao-`qXky tZlky ]p\cm-K-a\w IpXx. 1
a\p-jycpw ap Pohn-Ifpsampw arXyp-hn\v
AtKm-N-c--f-. AXm-bXv Fm-hcpw acn-psa-w. AXn-\m ico-c-ap--{Xbpw Imew
kpJ-ambn Ign-b-Ww. [am-N-cWw IjvS-X-tbdn-b-Xm-sW-nepw [aw shSnp Pohn-m
]p\-
- n alm-Zp-cn-Xa
- p-m-Ipsap ]dm Nmhm-I Cs\ Dcw ]dbpw:-
""]mhw a\p-jytc! ac-W-tijw icocw `kvaamIpw. Xnpw IpSnpw Pohn--bm hopw
temI-n hcp-n''. AXn-\m Ign-bp-{Xbpw B\-n-p-I. temI-n \oXn ]qw
\S-pI, sFizcyw hn-n-p-I, CjvS-ap
kpJ-samw A\p-`h
- n-pI. Cu temI-ta-bp-q,
]c-tem-I-an Fdnbp-I.''
""]rYzn, Pew, An, hmbp Fo \mep `qX ]cn-W-an-mWv ico-c-ap-m-b-Xv. CXn
Ch-bpsS kwtbmKw \n-anw ssNX\yw DmIp-p. amZ-I-h-kvXp- `n-m el-cn-bpm-Ip-X
- p-t]mse 2 Poh ico-ct- m-Sp-IqSn
Dm-bn. AXns \mi-tm-Sp-IqSn kzbw CmXm-Ip-p. ]nmmWv ]m]-]p-Wy--fpsS
^ew e`n-p-Xv?
""Xss-X\y hnin-jvS-tZl Gh Bflm,
tZlm-Xn-cn Bfl\n {]am-Wm`m-hmXv.'' 3
Cu ico-c-n \mep `qX--fpsS kwtbm-Km Dm- I p Pohm- fl mhv Ah- b psS
hntbm-K-n \in-p-p. Fs-m acn-Xn\p tijw Bflmhv {]Xy--a-. R
{]Xy--{]-am-Ws am{Xta hI-h-bvp-pq. 4 {]Xy--an-s-n A\p-am-\m-Zn-I
KuW-am-b-Xn-\m Ahsb kzoI-cn-p-n-.
kp-cn-bpsS Benw-K-\-m B\--e-_v[n-bpm-Ip-Xv ]pcp-jm-ns ^e-am-Wv. 5
307
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
Dcw:- ]rYnhn apX-emb `qX-sfmw
PU-am-Wv. AXn\nv tNX\w Hcn-epw
Dm-hp-I-bn-. Ctm amXm-]n-Xm--fpsS
kwtbm-K-n \nv tZtlm-Xv]n Dm-Ip-Xp-t]mse krjvSn-bpsS XpS--n a\pjy-cp-tSbpw apw ico-cm-IrXn, Im-hmb
Cuiz-c-\n-msX kw`-hn-p--tX-bn-. el-cnbp-tS-Xp-t]mseb tNX-\
- ns DXv]
- nbpw
hn\m-ihpw kw`-hn-p-Xv. Fs-m elcn
Dm-Ip-Xv tNX-\-n-\mWv PUn-\-. 6
]Ymw \jvSw 7 AZrjvSw BIpw,
Fm Hcn-epw Hn-sbpw A`mhw DmIp-n-. 8 C{]Imcw AZr-iy-am-Ip-XpsImv
Pohs A`mhw Dsv AwKo-I-cn--cp-Xv.
tZl-tmSp IqSn-bn-cn-p-tm Pohm-flmhv
{]ISo- ` - h n- p- p. icocw XyPn- p- t m
icocw arX-am-IpIbpw apv tNX-\-ambncpXp-t]mse BIm-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. CXv
_rl-Zm-c-Wy-I-n ]d-n-pv ""\mlw
tamlw {_hoan A\p- nn [cv a m- b - a mtflXn. 9 bm-h-evIy ]d-bp-p: tl
ssat{Xbn Rm taml-m-e ]d-bp--Xv.
Fm Bflmhv Ahn-\m-in-bm-Wv. AXns
tN-bm-emWv ico-c-tN-jvS-I \S-p-Xv.''
Poh ico-c-n \np ths]p Ignm ico- c - n bmsXmcp m\hpw
Dm-hp-Ib
- n-. Bflmhv ico-c
- n\np `na- s - n arXyp- h n\p tijw ico- c - n
m\-ns A`mhw ]mSn-. AXn-\m
GXns kwtbm-K-m ico-c-n ssNX\yhpw hntbm- K - n PU- X bpw Dm- I ppthm AXv tZl-n \np `n-am-Ip-p.
Iv Fmw ImWp-s-nepw kzbw ImWm-Xp-t]mse Fmw {]Xy-o-`-hn-np
Xs, X\nv C{n-b--fm {]Xy--am-pI
km[y-a-. kzw Ip-sImv LS]-SmZn
kIe hkvXp--tfbpw ImWp--Xp-t]mse,
In-t\bpw Xs m\-m ImWp-p.
6. aZy-n\v el-cn-]n-Sn-p-n-. aZyw Ign-p tNX\-n\p am{Xta el-cn-bp-m-Ip-p-p. aZ-Im-c-Wam-I-bm aZy-sap ]d-bp-p.
7. Wiv AZit\ ([mXp ]mTw 4.83) ImWmXm-hp--XmWv. \jvSw.
8. KoX 2.16 t\mp-I.
9. aqe-]mT \hm Atcflw tamlw {_hoay hn\mio
hm Atc fb amfl-\p--n-[cvam (4.5.14)
308
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
jmY-^-e-sap \n\v hnj-b-ZpxJ \nhm-cW-n am{Xw IrX-Ir-Xy-Xbpw -kz-K{]m]vXnbpw ImWp-Xv aqV-X-bmWv . An-tlm{XmZn bPv R - - f n hmbphpw hrjv S nbpw
Pehpw ipn-bmbn BtcmKy {]m]vXnbpmhp-Ibpw XZzmcm [amY Ima tam
knn-p-Ibpw sNp-p-. AX-dn-bmsX thZw,
Cuiz-c thtZm--amb [aw Fn-hsb
\nn-p-Xv h-\-bm-Wv. {XnZWvUw, `kva[m-cWw apX-em-b-hsb JWvUn-Xv icn-bm-Wv.
app sImp ZpxJw \c-I-am-sW-n
AXn- e p- ] - c n- b mb alm- t cm- K m- Z n- I FpsImv \c-I-a? sFiz-cy-hm\pw {]Pm-]m-e\- n kaY- \ p- a mb cmPm- h n\v alXzw
\ev I p- Xv icn- b m- s W- nepw A\ymbw
sNp ]m]n-bmWv cmPm-sh-n Abmsf
Cuiz-c-Xpeyw AwKo-I-cn-p-s-n \n-sftmse aqV-m-cn Xs. ico-c-\m-i-amWv
apn-sb-n \nfpw Igp-X, ]n- ap-X-em-bhbpw Xn FmWv hyXymkw?
Nmhm-I:
1. An-cpjvtWm Pew ioXw ioX-kv]cvikvXY
- m-\nex tIt\Zw Nn{XnXw XkvamZv kz`mhmkvXZzyhnXnx
2. \ kzcvtKm \mf]htKm hm ss\hmflm
]mc-eu-In-Ix, ss\h hcvWm-{i-am-Zo\mw
{Ibm--^-e-Zm-bnImx
3. ]ip- t - n- l nXx kzcv K w tPymXnjvtSmta K-an-jyXn, kz]n-Xm-b-P-am-t\\ X{X
Ikvam- lnwky-tX.
4. arXm- \ mh- ] nP- p\mw {imw
tNr]vXn Imc-Wav K-Xm-an-l-P-p\mw
hycvYw ]mtY-b-I-ev]-\av.
5. kzcvK- nXm bZm Xr]vXnw
KtbpkvX{X Zm\Xx {]km-Ztkym ]cn-m\m-a{X Ikvam ZobtX
6. bmhothpJw Poth-ZrWw IrXzm
LrXw ]nt_Xv, `kvao `qXky tZlky ]p\cm-K-a\w IpXx.
7. bZn Kt-Xv]cw temIw tZlm-tZj
hn\ncvKXx, Ikva
- mZv `qtbm \ NmbmXn _pkvt\l kam-Ipex
8. XX Poh-t\m-]mtbm {_m-ssWhn-
309
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
hon A]Ww sNbvXv tZim--c--fn
Fn-m-hp--Xp-am-Wv.- Cs\sbn-m-\mhp-I-bn-s-n Fs\ kzn-ep-sa-pw?
5. aXy- t em- I - n Zm\w sNp- - X psImv kz-hm-kn-I Xr]vX-cm-Ip-sa-n
Xmgs \ne-bn hnf-n-sh-m apI-fnse
\ne-bn-en-cn-p Bfn\p hni--S--W-atm!
6. AXn-\m Pohn-n-cn-p--{Xbpw Imew
kpJ-ambn Pohn-p-I. hon-sem-p-an-s-n
ISw hmn B\- n- p- I . ISw hot
Bhiyw hcp-I-bn-. Fs-m Xnp-Ibpw
IpSn-p-Ibpw sNbvX ico-c-n\v ]p\-cm-K-a\-an-. ]ns Bcp tNmZn-m Bcp sImSpm?
7. ac-W-k-a-bv Poh icocw hnv ]ctemIw {]m]n-p-sv B-fp-I ]d-bp-Xv
anYy-bm-Wv. As\ BsWn IpSpw-_-taml-nsv Poh hon Xncn-s-msX-p-sImv?
8. AXn-\m CsXmw {_m-W Ah-cpsS
\nXy-hr-np thn Dm-nb -D-]m-b--fmWv. ]p _en apX-emb ac-Wm-\-c {InbIfpw C-s\-X-s.
9. thZ--fp-m-n-b-h I]S `cpw, NXnbcpw, cm-k-cp-am-Wv. P^-cn, Xp^-cn, apXem-b-h-sbmw ]ptcm-ln-X-cpsS BPvR-sb-Ipdn-p-p.
10. Cu t]mn-cn-If
- psS cN\ t\mq. ""AizenMvKw kv{Xo {Kln--s. bP-am-\-]-Xv\nsb
kam-K-an-n-p-p. I\yI-tbmSp tIfo-h-N-\ ]-d-bs. CsXmw Aht Fgp-Xn-shbvm Ign-bq.
11. amwk `-W-amImw F thZ-`mKw
cm-k Fgp-Xn-b-Xm-Wv.
Dcw: 1. tNX-\-amb Cuiz-c \nnmsX PU-hk
- vXp- X\ntb ]c-kv]cw {Iaambn tbmPnv Hpw Dm-hp-Ib
- n-. kz`m-th\
Dm-Ip--Xm-sW-n hopw kqcy N{mcpw ]rYznbpw \-{Xm-Zn-Ifpw Dm-Im-sX-p-sImv?
2. kzw, kpJ-t`m-K--fp-sSbpw \cIw
bmX-\I
- f
- p-tSbpw t]cm-Wv. Pohm-flm-hn-s-n
kpJ-Zpx-J
- f
- psS t`mmhv BcmWv? Ctm
310
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
fpsS {]am-W-iq-\y-amb hymJym-\- Iv
thZ-hn-tcm-[n-I-fmbn AhnZybpsS AKm-[-amb
kap-{Z-n ]Xn-p-t]m-b-tm.
10. \ Imcyw Xs! kv{Xosb-smv
Aiz-enMvKw {Kln-nv kam-K-an-n-epw, bPam-\-]p-{Xnsb D]-l-kn-epw apw hma-amKnI-sf-sm--msX ap a\p-jyp tN-tXb-. Cu alm-]m-]n-I-fmb hma-amKn-I-f-msX
Bsc-nepw {`jvShpw hn]-co-Xhpw Aip--hpamb thZ-hym-Jym\w sNptam? bmsXmpw
Btem-Nn-msX shdptX thZ-\n-bvp Xp\nbp Cu Nmhm-I-cpsS Imcyw IjvSw X-s.
Hs-n-epw kz_pn {]tbm-Kn-p-IqtS? Fp
sNm- \ mWv ? AXp- v kXym- k - X y\nbw sNbvXv kXys aWvU\w
sNm\pw X Adn-hn-msX t]mbn.
11. hma-amKn-I-fmb hymJym-Xm--fmWv
amwk `-Ws A\p-Iq-en--Xpw. AXn-\m
Ahsc cm-ks
- cp ]d-bp-Xv DNn-Xw-Xs
- .
Fm thZ--fn-sepw -amw-k-`-Ww hn[nn-n-. AXn-\m- Ccw anYyIfpsS ]m]w
thZ- ImWp- I tbm tIpItbm
sNmsX tXmnb]Sn \nn B `mjympXs kt-l-sat\y Inpw. thZs
\n-n--h-cpw \nn-p--hcpw \n-b-ambpw
Ahn-Zy-bpsS A-Im-c-n hoWv, kpJn\p ]Icw F{X-Iv ZpxJn-p-Xpw A[nI-a-s-XmWv kXyw. AXn-\m thZm-\p-Iqe-ambn \S-p--Xt{X a\p-jyp DNn-Xw.
shdptX It]m-e-I-ev]n-X-am-b-sXmw sa\s-Spv btYjvSw aZy-]m-\w, amwkm-lmcw,
]c-kv{Xo-Ka
- \w apX-emb ZpjvSI
- a- sNpI-sb kzm-kn-npthn hma-amKnI thZs If--s-Spn. CXp ImWv
Nmhm-Icpw _ucpw ssP\cpw thZ-\n
sNm-\m-cw-`n-Xv. Fnv thZ-hn-cp-hpw \ncoiz-c-hp-amb \mkvXn-I-a-X-{]-Nm-cWw Bcw-`np.
Nmhm-Im-Zn-I thZ--fpsS au-en-Imw
At\z-jn-n-cp-s-n, I-`m-jy- Iv
thtZm--a-X-n \nv thdnp \nevp-am-bncp-n-. Fp sNmw! hn\m-iI
- mte hn]-coX
15
_pnx
\mi-ns s\n--eI ImWm-dmIp-tm a\p-jys _pn hn]-co-X-amtb
t]mIq.
_u-aXw
C\n _u-aX
- s kw_-nv kwn-]vXambn Fgp-Xmw. Imcy-Im-c-W-`m-hmZzm kz`mhmZzm \nbm-aI
- m-Xv, Ahn-\m`m-h\
- n-btam Zcvi16
\m-c Zcvi-\mXv
Imcy ImcW `mhw
AYhm Imcyw Iv Imc-Ww, Imc-Ww-Iv
Imcyw, apX-em-b-h-bpsS kmm-XvImcw DmIp-Xv {]Xy--hpw, ap-h A\p-am-\-hp-amIp-p. Ch-Iq-SmsX Pohn-I-fpsS {]h-\ ]qW-am-hp-I-bn-. C{]-Im-c-ap eW--fm A\p-am-\-n\v {]m[m\yw \evInbmWv Nmhm-I-cn \np `n-amb _uimJ Dm-bn-p-Xv.
\mev _u-im-J-I
_u \mep {]Im-c-n-ep-v. 17 am[y-anIw, tbmKm-Nm-cw, ku{Xm-n-Iw, ssh`m-jn-Iw
311
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
Fn-hb
- mWv B t`Z-. _pym \nhcvtX
k _ux _pn-bm knn-p-Xv Ah\-hs _pn-bn hcp-Xv hniz-kn-p-I.
hcm- Xv hniz- k n- m- X n- c n- p- I . CXt{X
_u-e--Ww. Ch-cn Hm-as Iq-cmb
am[y-an-I Fmw iq\y-am-sWv hniz-kn-pp. AXm-bXv Fp ]Zm--fptm Ahsbmw iq\yw. AXm-bXv Ah BZn-bn Dmbn-cp-n-. Ah-km\w Dm-bn-cn-p-I-bp-an-.
a[y-n {]Xo-Xo-am-Ip--Xp-Xs {]Xo-Xn-ka-b-m-Wv. ]noSv iq\y-am-Ipw. IpSw Dm-Ip- X n\p- a pv AXv Cm- b n- c p- p. DS- p- I fm ]ns C-Xm-\pw. IpSw Dv F
Adnhpw AXns DS-n-en-t\msS Cm-Xm-Ipp. A-Xn-\m iq\yw am{X-amWv GI-Xzw.
cm-as Iq-cmb tbmKm-Nm-c-m-cpsS
knmw _mly-iq-\y-X-bm-Wv. ]Zm-
A-cn-I-m-\-nemWv. _mly-m\-ne `mkn-p-Xv. IpSs AIta Adn-bmhp--Xp-sIm-t{X "CXp IpS-amWv' Fp a\pjy ]d-bp--Xv. BcnI m\-an-s-n
CXp ]d-bp-hm km[y-a-.
aqm-as sku{Xmn-I _mlymns A\p-am-\-n hniz-kn-p-p. Fsm _mly- a mbn Hpw - X s kmwtKm]mwKw {]Xy--am-Ip-n-. GI-tZiw {]Xy-s-Sp--Xp-sImv tijw A\p-am-\n-p-tX-bpq Fm-Wn-h-cpsS aXw.
\mem-as ssh`m-jn-I ]d-bp-Xv {]Xy-am-Ip--sXmw ]pd-ta-bm-Wv, AI-ta-b
Fm-Wv. Abw \oex LSx (CXv \oe-p-Sw)
F-Xn {]Xo-Xn-bm \oe-\n-d-ap IpSw
]pdta {]Xo-X-am-Ip-p. CXm-W-h-cpsS aXw.
Ch-cp-sS-sbmw Kpcp _p. Xs-sbnepw injy-m-cpsS _pn-t`Zw \nan--amWv
]e imJ-I Dm-bX
- v. kqcy AkvXa
- n-m
Pmc-m ]c-kv{Xo-K-a-\hpw hnZzm-m kXy-`mj-WmZn t{ijvT Iafpw sNp-p. kabw
Hp- X s; Ah- \ - h s _pn- b - \ p- k - c nv
hn`n tNjvS-I sNp-p. 18
312
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
CXv IpS-ns `mK-amWv Fp ]d-b-Ww.
`mKw IpS-am-hp-Ib
- n-, apgp-h\pw Ds-nte IpSam-hq. CXv IpSamWv Fp-Xv {]Xy-amWv.
A\p- t a- b - a - , Fs- m Fm Ah- b hfnepw Ah-bhn Hm-Wv. AXp-{]-Xy-am-sW-n IpS-ns Ah-b-hhpw {]Xy-am-Wv. Ah-b-h-k-ln-X-amb IpSw {]Xy--amIp-sap XmXv]-cyw.
\mem-as ssh`mjn-I _mly-]-Zmsf {]Xy--am-sWp am\n-p-p. CXpw
icn-b-. Fs-m m\hpw mXmhpw
Fhn-sS-bptm Ahn-sS-bmWv {]Xy-w. {]Xy- h n- j bw shfn- b n- e m- s W- nepw AXns
BIm-c-m-\-ap-m-Ip-Xv Bflm-hn-\m-Wv.
AXp-t]mse Fm- h-kvXp-fpw Ah-bpsS
m\hpw Wn-I-am-sW-n {]Xy-`n--Rm As\ sNbvXp F kvac-W--D-mIp-I-bn-. Fm apv IXpw tIXpw
kvacn-m Ign-bp--Xn-\m Wn-I-hm-Zhpw
icn-b-.
Fmw ZpxJ-amWv kpJ-ta-bn Fm-sWn kpJs At]-n-
- msX ZpxJw knnp-Itb C. cm{Xnsb At]-nv ]Iepw
]I-ens\ At]-nv cm{Xnbpw Dm-Ip-Xp
t]mse-bm-Wn-Xv. AXn\m Fmw ZpxJ-amsW knmw icn-b-.
kze-Ww am{Xw kzoIcn-m, t\{Xw
cq]-ns e-W-hpw, cq]w ey-hp-am-Wv.
IpS-ns cq]w IpS-ns cq]-e--W-hpw,
Iv ey-n \np `nhpw BWv. Kw
]rYnhn-bn \np `n-a-m-XmIp-Xp-am-Wv.
Cs\ ey-e--W- `nm-`n---fmsWp Icp-X-Ww.
iq\y- ns Dcw app ]d- p.
iq\ys Adn-bp B iq\y-n \np
`nw Xs.
ZpxJ-cq-]n-bmb kwkm-cw-ssP-\-_u--kn-mw
kcv h ky kwkm- c ky ZpxJm- fl - I Xzw
kcvh-XocvY-c k-X-av. 20
temI-samw ZpxJ-cq-]w, ZpxJ-ns Ccnn-Sw, ZpxJ-ns km[\mcq-]s
- ap kev]nv
temIs shSn-bp-I-sb--XmWv _u-cpsS
20. kh-Zi\ kw{Klw _u-Zi\w t]Pv 28
Xo-c
- h
- n-izmkw-ZzmZ-im-bX
- \
- ]
- qP
1. tZi\m temI-\m-Ym\mw kXzm-ib him\pKx, `nZyt _lp-[m-temtI D]m-ssbcv
_lp-`nx-Ine
2. Kw`o-tcm-m\ t`tZl IzNntm `b-eWx, `nmln tZi\m `n iq\yXm Zzbe-Wm. ZzmZ-im-b-X-\-]qPm t{ib-kvI-coXn
_um-a-\yt'
3. AcvYm\p ]mcvPy _lpxim- Zzm-Zi-b-X\m-\nssh ]cnXx ]qP-\o-bm\n Ina-ss\y-cnl
]qPnX.x
313
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
4. mt\-{n-bmWn ]ssh bYm-Icvta{n-bm-WnN, at\m-_pncnXn t{]mw ZzmZim-b-X\w _pss[.x
Aw: 1. m\n-Ifpw hnc-cpw Pohpcpw temI-\m-Y-cp-amb _pmZn Xo--cm-cpsS Xz-kz-cq-]-sa-s--dn-bp--h-cpsS,
`n hkvXp--fpsS D]-tZiw \evIp--h-cpsS
hfsc hyXykvXhpw hnhn-t[m-]m-b--fm ]db-s--Xp-amb D]-tZ-i- kzoI-cn--Ww.
2. hfsc Kw`o-chpw {]kn--t`-Z--fm ]db-s-Xpw Kp]vXhpw, \yq\-e-Wbp-hpambn app ]d-b-s--hbpw Bb Kpcq]-tZ-isf a\\w sN-Ww.
3. ZzmZ-im-b-X\ ]qP tam-Z-bm-sWv
_u hniz-kn-p-p. AXn-\p-thn [\hpw
]ZmY- fpw Hcpn ZzmZ- i m- b - X - \ -
]{v m\-hn-ti-j- Dmn kh{]- I m- t c- W bpw ]qPn- - W w. ap ]qP- I
sImv {]tbm-P\sampw C.
4. Ch-cpsS ZzmZ-im-b-X-\-]qP CXmWv:
sNhn, Xzv, Iv, \mv, aqv Fo Av
mt\-{nb-, hmb, ssI, Imev, Kptly{n-bw, D]-t-{nbw Fo Ita-{n-b-
_pn a\kv Fn-hsb kXvI-cn--Ww. AXmbXv Chsb B\--n {]mhr--am--Ww.
CXym-Zn-bmWv _u-a-Xw.
ZpxJ-am-sW-n {]hrn Fn\v?
temI-samw ZpxJ-cq-]-am-sW-n ChnsS
Pohn-If
- psS {]h-\s
- ampw Dm-Ic
- p-Xm-bncp-p. temIv Pohn-If
- psS {]h\w {]Xy-am-I-bm kwkmcw -Zpx-J-cq-]-a-sv hcpp. CXn kpJhpw ZpxJhpw Dv. _u
]d-bp--Xp-t]mse BsW-n `-W-]m-\ob- Ign-p-Xpw ]Yym-N-c-Whpw Huj-[tk-h-\hpw sNbvXv icocw kwc-n-p--Xn
kpJw A\p-`h
- n-p-Xpw Fn-\mWv? R
{]hr--cm-Ip-s-nepw CXp ZpxJw XsbmWv Fp ]d- b p ]w, CXp kw`hytabs-m-Wp--cw. F-s-m Poh
kpJ-sas-dnv {]hr--am-hp-Ibpw ZpxJsa-s--dnv \nhr--am-Ip-Ibpw sNp-p.
temI-n [a-{In-bI
- , hnZy kwKw apXemb t{ijvT-{]-hr-n-I-sfmw -kp-J{]Z-fmWv. _u-m-c-msX, temI-n hnZzm-m-
314
21. \ho\ thZm--ns BZn-{]-hm-N-I-\mb i-cmNm-cy-cpsS Kpcp-hns Kpcp-hmb KuU-]m-Z _ukn-m--fn {]`m-hn-X-\m-bn-cp-p. Ch-cpsS iq\yhm-Z-n\v sshZn-I-cq]w \In AssZz-X-hm-Z-n\v
Poh sImSp-X
- t- -la
- m-Wv. At-l
- ns amWvUpIy-Im-cn-I-bnse ]e Imcn-I-Ifpw AY-]-c-amtbm
i_vZ]
- c
- a
- mtbm _u-{K-
- f
- n Dv. i-cm-Nm-cycpsS `mjy--sfm-gn-hm-n-smv CXv A[y-b\w
sNbvXm, KuU-]m-Zm-Nm-cy _ps henb `-\m-bn-cp-sp {Kln-mw. kmwJy-{]-h-N-\-`m-jy-Im-c\mb hnm-\-`np \ho\ thZm-n-Isf {]-_u--scp hnfn-Xv shdp-tX-b-. kmwJy-{]-h-N\
`mjy-ns XpS--n ]Zva-]p-cm-W-n\nv
GXm\w tmI- ]In-bn-p-v. AXn-semcp
tmIm-amWv ambm-hmZw AkZv imkv{Xw {]w
_u-tah N F-Xv.
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
apn? Ch kzw Ahn-Zysb hnnXn\v
kam-\-amb DZm-l-cWw aspw Xs C.
\n-b-ambpw thtZ-iz-c\n sNbvX-Xns
^e-am-Wn-hp Inn-bXv. Hm-aXv Hcn-epw
temI-samw ZpxJ-]qW-am-sWv k-ev]n-p.
]noSv ZzmZ-im-b-X\ ]qP kwL-Sn-np. apn
-\-evI---hw Cu ZzmZ-im-b-X\ ]qP-bnse
hkvXp- temI-_m-ly-amtWm? I-Sv
cXv\w sXc-mtem s-- X-c-bm-\m-{K-ln-mtem
Bm\pw cXv\w Inptam? thZw Cuiz-c
Fn-hsb \ntj-[n-p Ch-cpsS tIfo-hnemkw Cs\bmbn-tm-bn. kpJ-am-{K-ln-ps-n thZ-sbpw Cuiz-c-s\bpw B{ibnv -kzw Pw k^-e-am-p-I.
hnthI hnem-k-nse _u-kn-mw"hnth-I-hn-emk'n -_u--aXsn
C-s\-sbgp-Xpp:--
1. _u\mw kpK-tXm-tZthm hniz
W-`w-Kp-cav Bcy-k-Xzm-Jybm Xz-N-XpjvS-b-anZw {Iam-Xv.
2. ZpxJ-am-b-X\w ssNh XXx kap-Ztbm
aXx, amcvK-t-Xyky N hymJym {ItaW
{iqb-Xm-aX.x
3. ZpxJ kwkmcnW kvIm-kvtXN ]{]-IocvnXmx, hnm\w thZ\m kwm
kwkvImtcm cq]-ta-hN.
4. ]t-{n-bmWn i_vZmhm hnjbm ]am-\-kav, [cvam-b-X-\-ta-Xm\n ZzmZ-im-b-X-\m\n-Xp.
5. cmKm-Zo\mw KtWmbx kym-ap-tZXn
\rWmw lrZn. Bflm-flob kz`m-hmJyx k
kym-ap-Zbx ]p\x
6. WnImx kcvh-kw-kvImcm CXnbm
hmk-\m-ncm k amcvK CXn hntb kNtamtmf`n[obtX
7. {]Xy-m-\p-am\w N {]amWw ZznXobw
XYm, NXpx {]m-\nIm _umx- JymXm
ssh`m-jn-Im-Zbx
8. AcvtYm m\m-\zntXm ssh`m-jntIW -_-lp-a-\ytX, ku{Xm-n-tI\ -{]-Xy-{Km-tlyfcvtYm \ _lncvaXx
9. BImc klnXm _pn-tcym-Km-Nm-cky
315
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
kn- ] p- c p- j - mv AwKo- I - c n- m h.
ku{Xmn-I {]Xy ]Zmw AI-ta-bmWv, ]pd-ta-b Fp knm-n-p-p.
9. BIm-c-kln-Xhpw hnm-\-bp--hpamWv _pn-sb knm--m-cmWv tbmKmNm- c . am[y- a n- I - c m- I s Xfn- e - S - p
m\s am{X-amsX ]Zms AwKoI-cn-p-n-.
10. cmKm-Zn-m\ {]hm-l-ns hmk\
\in-p-tm Dm-Ip--XmWv ap-n-sbv
\mep _ucpw ]d-bp-p.
11. arK-Naw, Ia-Wv-U-ep, apWvU\w, hevIe-h-kv{Xw, ]qhm--n 12 aWn-p-apv
`Ww, Hbv p ]mmbv I (kwLw)
Nph h-kv{X-[m-cWw Ch-sb-m-amWv _uk-\ym-kn-I-fpsS e-Ww.
Dcw: _u-cpsS kpK-X-_p- am{XamWv tZh-s\-n At-l-ns Kpcp Bcmbn-cpp? hnizw W-`w-Kp-c-am-sW-n B
hkvXp Xs Cm-Xm-Ipw. ]ns Fns
kv a cW- b m- W p- m- h pI? Wn- I - h m- Z - a mWv
_u--amK-sa-n Ch-cpsS apnbpw W`w-Kp-c-am-bn-cn--Ww. m\-bp--amb AYamWv {Zhy-sa-n PU-{Zhynepw m\w
Dm-bn-cn-Ww Ah-bpsS Ka-\m-Zn-{In-b-I
Fnem-kv]-Zn-n-cn-p-p. shfn-bn Zriy-amIp- Xv F- s \- b mWv anYy- b m- I p- Xv ?
_pnbvv BIm-c-ap-s-n AXvZr-iy-am-tI-Xm-Wv. tIhew m\ta Bflm-hn-epq
Fn]-ZmYsf AwKo-I-cn-msX AhbpsS m\s am{Xw AwKo- I - c np]w Adn-tb ]Zmw CmsX
AXns Adnhv Dm-hptXb-. hmk-\m\m- i - a mWv apn- s b- n kp- j p- ] v X n- b pw
apIvXnbm-I-Ww. CsXmw hnZym-hn-cp---fmI-bm Xnc-kvI-c-Wo-b-am-Wv.
Cs\ kwt-]-ambn
_p-a-Xtn hnh-cn-p.
_pn-am-mcpw Nnm-i--cp-am-b-h ChcpsSaXhpw Adnhpw Fm-sWv
a\-n-em--s. Ch-sbmw ssP\cpw
AwKo-I-cn-p-p.
ssP\aXw
316
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
kqva\nXy GI- c k hW- K - - kv]iImcy-en-MvKhpw hf-cpI \in-pI
Fo kz`m-h-bp--amWnXv. 29
5. PohmkvXnImbw tNX\m e-W-bphpw, m\ Zi-\--fpsS B{i-bhpw
A\- ] - c ym- b - - f m ]cn- W - a n- p- Xpw
Imhpw t`mmhpw BWn-Xv. 30
6. Imew Cu Av AkvXn-Im-b--fpsS
]cXzw A]-c-Xzw, \ho-\-X, {]mNo-\-X Fo
Nn--tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw {]kn h-am\
cq]-]-cym-b--fm bp-hp-am-Wn-Xv. 31
kao--I \mep {Zhy- {]Xn-Ww
]pXp-a-bmPn-p-sa _u-hmZw I-am-Wv.
BImiw, Imew, Poh, ]c-amWp Fnh Hcnepw ]pXn- b tXm ]g- b tXm Bhp- I - b n- .
Fs-m Ch Ahn-\m-inbpw Imc-Wc
- q-]hpw
A\m-Zn-bp-am-Wv. ]ns-s\ Ch-bn ]pXpabpw ]g-hpw hcpw?
AXp-t]mse ssP\n-If
- psS hnizm-khpw icnb-. [am-[a- KpW-am-Wv, {Zhy-a-. Ch
cpw Pohm-kvXn-Im-b-n hn-cn-p-p.
AXn-\m BImiw, ]c-am-Wp, Poh, Imew
Fn-hsb {Zhy-ambn Icp-Xn-bn-cp-s-n icnbm-bn-cp-p.
sshti-jn-I
- n HXv {Zhy ]d-ncn-pXmWv icn. ]rYnhn apX-emb ]-XXz-- Imew, Znv, Bflm-hv, a\-kv, Fo
HXv {]tXyI ]Zm- \nn-X-am-bn-cnp-p. Pohs\ am{Xw tNX-\-ambn Icp-XpIbpw Cuiz-cs\ kzoI-cn-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw
sNp-Xv ssP\--_u--cpsS sXmb, ]]m-X-P-\y-amb Imcy-am-Wv.
k]vX-`-MvK-fpw kymZvhm-Zhpw
_ucpw ssP\cpw AwKo-I-cn-p k]vX29. GI-ck
- h
- cvWK
- tm Zznkv]cvix ImcyenMvKoN ]qcW-K-e\ kz`mh ]pZvK-em-kvXn-Imbx k N ]c-am-Wpcq]x (Sn 178) CXns `mjm-cw C-s\-bm-hWw
GXn GI- c - k - h W- K - - - f p- t m, cp- X cw
kv]i-ap-tm, Imcyw GXns Nn-am-bn-cn-p-pthm
hf-cp-I, \inpI Fnh kz`m-h-am-bn-cn-p-pthm
AXt{X ]pZvKe
- m-kvXn-Im-bw. ]c-am-Wp-cq-]a
- m-WX
- v.
30. tNX\m e-tWm-Pohx tNX\m N m\-Zi-t\m]- t bmKo A\ ]cymb ]cn- W man IXrI
t`mIvXrXzmZn etWm Pohm-kvXn-Imbx (Sn 179)
31. ]m-kvXn-Im-bm\mw, ]c-Xzm-]-ctXz \h ]pcm-Wm-ZnenMvK hy-hr-n-hcvcq] ]cymbx Imex (Sn, 180)
317
32. ChnsS 3Dw 4 Dw At\ym\yw amdn-tm-bn-p-v. kymZkvXn-\m-kvXn-cqt]m Poh-kvXr-Xo-tbm-`-MvKx, kymZ-hthym Poh--XptYm-`MvKx Fp htc--Xm-Wv.
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
Poh\p hncp- - a mb PU- ] - Z m- fpsS
A`mhw FXv Hmw `MvK-am-Wv.
2. Poh PU-n-e F {]kvXm-h-hp-apm-Ipp. CXv cmw `MvK-am-Wv.
3. Poh ]d-b
-
- X
- . CXv aqmw `MvKw.
4. "Poh icocw [cn-ptm {]kn-\pw,
-i-cocw hnSp-tm A{]-kn--\p-amWv' Fp
]d-bp-Xv NXpY`MvKw.
5. "Poh Dv, Fm hWn-m-hp-X
- '
Fp ]d-bp-Xv ]-a-`MvKw.
6. Poh -{]-Xy--{]-amWw sImv hWnm-hp--X-. AXn-\m Np-n\v {]Xy-a Fp ]d-bp-Xv Bdmw `MvK-am-Wv.
7. Hcp kabw A\p-am-\{- ]-amWwsImv Poh\p-spw Atms AZr-iy-am-b-XpsImpw Hcp-t]mse Ccn-mXpsImpw,
{]Xn-Ww ]cn-W-an-p--Xp-sImpw, AXp
t]mse Cu Poh Dv. C; C, Dv .
Fn-s\-bp hyh-lm-chpw ]mSn-m--XmWv. CXmWv Ggmw `MvKw.
Cs\ \nXy-Xz-k-]vX-`-MvKnbpw A\n-Xy-Xz]vX-`-MvKnbpw kmam\y[aw, hntij-[aw,
KpW]-cn-Wmaw Fn-h-b-\p-k-cnv {]bp--amIp-p. 33 {Zhy, KpW, Icv a , kz`m- h - ,
]cymb- Fn-hbvv AXn-cn-m--Xn-\m k]vX`MvK-pw AXn-cn-. 34 CXmWv
_u-ssP-\m-Zn-I-fpsS kymZzmZhpw k]vX`MvKn-\ym-b-hpw. 35
kao--I Cu {]kvXm-h-samw IqSn
At\ym-\y-`m-h-n km[ay ssh[ay--fp-bnv km[n-m-hp--tX-bp-q. Cu kc-f-{]{Inb Ifv ITn-\-cN\ \S-n-bXv Am\n-Isf he-bn hogvm-\m-Wv. t\mq Poh\n AtN-X\
-
- nsbpw AtN-X\
-
- n Pohsbpw A`mhw Dt-bp-v. Poh\pw PUhpw
hn-p-h-bm-Ib
- m AXn km[ayhpw,
tNX-\hpw AtN-X\
- p-hp-am-Ib
- m ssh[ayhpw
33.Ghw, \nXyXz k]vX-`MvKo A\n-XyXz k]vX-`wKn
Ghw kmam-\y-[amWmw hnti-j[
- amWmw KpWm\mw
]cym-bmWmw {]tXyIw k]vX`- M
- vKo. ({]-Ic
- W cXv\mI-cw-193)
34.Ghw. ]m-kvXn-Imtb {]Xy-kvXn-Im-ba
- \
-
- x, k]vX`MvtKym `hn (Sn. 193)
35._ucv kym-Zzm-Zhpw k]vX-`-MvKn-\ym-bhpw AwKo-Icn-p-n-.
318
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
hjw apgph\pw -_u-tcm ssP\tcm
BWp-m-bn-cp--Xv.
CXns\mcp Ipdnv: _u-sap ]d
Xn\v. alm-ho-c-sbpw KW-[-c-Ku-X-asbpw
Imew apX icmNm-cycpsS Imew hsc `mcX-hj-sam-msI {]N-cn-n-cp thZ-hn-cp aXsa-mW-Yw. Atim-I-sbpw k{-Xn-cm-Pmhnsbpw aX-am-bn-cpnXv. CXn\nv ssP\
Hcp Xc-nepw Hgn-hm-Ip-n-. Pn\-\n \nv
ssP\hpw _p-\n \nv _uhpw Dmbn. cpw ]cym-b-]-Z-fm-Wv. \nL-p--fn
cn\pw HcYw ]d-n-cn-p-p. KuX-as\
Ccp-Iq-cpw AwKo-I-cn-p-p. As-n "Zo]hwiw' apX-emb ]gb _u-{K---fn
imIy-ap-\n-bmb KuX-a-_p-s\ almho-c
Fs-gp-Xn-bn-cn-p-s
- X-n-\m-Wv? B Imev
cpw Hcp aX-am-bn-cp-n-cn--Ww. KuX-a-a-Xmsc ssP\ Fs-gp-XmsX _u Fv
FgpXn-bXv A\y-tZ-i-m ssP\sc _uscp hnfn-p-t]m--Xp-sImp am{X-am-Wv.
AactImiw
Aa-c-tIm-i-n 36 Cs\ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn36. Aa-c-tIm-i-Im-c-\mb Aa-c-knw-ls aXw ssP\tam, _u-tam, sshZn-Itam F kwibw Cpw
Xon-n-. ]WvUn-X
- mv Cu hnj-b
- n sFIa-Xy-an-. ae-bm-f-nse {]i-kvX-amb Aacw ]mc-taizco Im-hmb Sn.-kn. ]c-ta-iz-c aq-Xv, Aa-cknw-l ssP\-\m-sW ]-m-c-\m-Wv. Aacw
]mc-ta-iz-cnv ]WvUn-tXm-Nn-Xa
- mbn Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p
Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn {io hS-pw-Iq cmP-cm-P-h, Aac-knw-l sshZnI {_m-W\
- m-sWv kwi-bs
- at\y
{]kvXm-hn-n-cn-p-p. sshZnI {_m-Wc
- mWv ssP\cmbsX-I
- mcyw ad-p-hm ]mSn. GXv aX-tbpw
Dsm-p-hm Ign-bp sshZn-I-a-X-ns A\pbm-bn-I, B Dsm- {]{In-b-n-S-bn ]c-aX-ns \ndw _pn-bnepw hrn-bnepw {]I-Sn-npw. Cpw ssP\-a-X--fpsS kzm[o\w sshZn-I-aX-n sImSn-Ipn hmgp-p-v. _u--ssP-\
A`n--cm-bn-cn-s, Aa-c-knw-l ssP\-\m-bmepw
_u-\m-bmepw Ipg--an-. Atlw ssP\--_u-m-cpsS ISp kzo[o-\-ap-m-bn-cp {_m-Wt\m
{Xn-bt\m Bbn-cn-m-\mWv hgn. "knwl' i_vZw
{_m-W-\m-a-n Am-epw Cpw {]Np-c-a
FXpw kvac-Wo-bw. Cm-ev `mc-Xo-b-_pn
Bwtm-C-y _pn-bm-bn-cn-p--Xp-t]mse Amev sshZn-I-_p-n, _u-\n-d-ap--Xm-bn-cp-p. Aac-tIm-i-nse tmI-kwJy ]e-X-c-n-em-sWp
ImWmw. Aacw ]mc-ta-iz-cn-bn Cu tmI-kwJy 1314-15 BWv. Zbm-\--a-ljn Aa-c-tIm-is {]mamWnI ]mTy-{K--ambn AwKo-I-cn-n-n-.
319
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
3. \NmK-a-hn[nx In-nXy kcvht_m-[Ix, \N X{XmY-hm-Zm\mw XmXv]-cya]n Iev]-tX.
4. \Nm-\ymcvY {][m-ss\-kvssX-kvX-ZkvXnXzw hn[o-btX, \Nm-\p-h-ZnXpw iIyx
]qcvh-a-ss\y-c-t_m-[n-Xx 40
1. cmKmZn tZmj-c-ln-X\pw {Xntem-I--fnepw
]qPn-X\pw, bYm-hXv ]ZmY- ]d-bp-h\pw Bb Al-tZ-h Xs-bmWv Cuizc.
2. Ctm \mw Cuiz-cs\ ImWp-n-.
AXn-\m kh-\pw A-\m-Zn-bp-amb Cuizc {]Xy--\-. {]Xy--{]-amWw tNcm-Xp-sImv A\p-am-\hpw tNcp-I-bn-. Fsm Hsm-cwiw {]Xy--am-b-Xn am{Xta
A\p-am\w tNcq. 41
3. {]Xy-hpw A\p-am-\hpw Cs-n
BKaw AXm-bXv \nXy\pw A\m-Znbpw kh-\p-amb ]c-am-flmhv t_m[n-n i_vZ-{]amWhpw Dm-hp-I-bn-. aqp {]am-W-fpw
Cs-n AY-hmZw AY-hm, kvXpXn, \n
]c- I r- X n- s b ]c- N - c nX hW- \ , ]pcmIev]w 42 AYhm, CXn- l mkns
XmXv]cyw Fn-hbpw tNcm--Xm-hpw.
4. A\ymY{][m\w AXm-bXv _lp{holn
kam-k-n-s\-tmse ]tcm--am-bpw ]c-am-flknn Dm-m-hp--X-. Atm A\p-hmZw
Gp-]-d-n FXpw Cu-iz-c-Im-cy-n
km[y-a
- . D]-tZ-jvSm-fn \np tImsX
Gp ]d-bpI FXv Duln-mt]mepw Ignbp-I-bn-. 43
40.kh Zi\ kw{K-l-nse AlX Zi\w t]Pv
56
41.XuXm-Xn Ipam-cn-e-`-s A\p-bm-bn-I-fmb aoamwk-Icpw kh-\mb Cuiz-c-\n-s aX-m-cp-amWv. Ah-cpsS kh JWvU-\mY-am-Wo-tmIw
XuXmXnXth-Zm-\p-bm-bn-I-fm-sW-nepw kh-\mb Cuiz-cs\ kzoI-cn-m-Xp t]mse ssP\-cmb
Rfpw kzoI-cn-p-n-sp XmXv]-cyw.
42.kvXpXncv\n-m-]c
- I
- rXnx ]pcm-Iev] CXycvYh
- mZx (\ymbw-2-1-64)
43.ChnsS Dr-X-amb A\ymcvY-{]-[mss\x F-Xns
AYw C-s\-bmWv A\y-Xm-Xv]-cy-t_m-[-I-amb
GsX--nepw AY-hm-Z-hm-Iy-n khs
AkvXn-Xz-n\v A\p-hm-Za
- p-m-bmepw a-p-{]-am-W-fm At_m-[n-X-amb AYw (kh--Xzw)
320
Fs\ A\p-hmZw sNm-\mIpw? Fs-m knn-Xns A\p-hmZw am{X-ta-bp-f-hm-Iq. aljn _lp{holn kamkw \nt-in-Xpw icn-bm-Wv. _lp-{holn-bn ]Xn-X-]Wx Fp-]-d-m Ce-ho-WXv
FYw. hr-amWv ChnsS hnh-. Ce-sIm-gnXv Ce sImgn-n Fn-h-b-msX asm-ns\
{Kln--bm-Wn-hnsS sNp--Xv. AXp-t]mse ]tcm-`q-Xa
- mb ]c-am-flm-hnse ]c-a- B
- flm Fn-hb
- psS
kmam- \ ymY- n \n- \ y- a mb Hns\ {Klnmtam? ]Xn-X-]Wxbn hmNy-hkvXp {]Xy--amWv. Fm ]c-am-flm-hn AX--s\-b-.
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
CmsX ]c-am-flm-hns\ ImWm\pw Bhp-Ibn-.
`qan-bpsS cq]mZn KpW- am{Xw Idnv `qan-bp-sv {]Xy---ambn Xn-s-Spp--Xp-t]mse Cuiz-cs cN-\m-hn-ti-jfmb Nn krjvSn-bn Ip-sImv
]c-am-flm-hns\ {]Xy--am-mw. ]m]m-N-cWw
sNm XpS-p-tm AI-ta\n-pm-Ip
`bhpw ibpw ebpw A-cym-an-bmb ]cam- fl mhp \nanapm- I p- - X m- W v . CXpsImpv ]camflmhv {]Xy--am-Ip-p. ]ns
A\p- a m- \ - a p- s - - X nsemWp kwibw?
{]Xy-hpw A\p-am-\hpw knn-ptXmSpIqSn BK-ahpw knn-p-p. AXv \nXy\pw
A\m-Znbpw kh-\
- p-amb Cuiz-c t_m[nn-p--Xm-Wv. AXn-\m i_vZ-{]-am-Whpw
Cuiz-c-\n-em-Wv. aqp {]am-W--fm Cuizcs\ Adn- b m Poh\p Ign- b p- p- s h- n
AYhm- Z hpw KpW- { ]- i wk sNbvXv
hmgvicn-bmbn tNcpw. Fs-m \nXy]-Zm--fpsS KpW-Ia kz`m-hhpw \nXyam-bn-cnpw. Ahsb {]iw-kn-p--Xn {]Xn_--sam-p-an-.
a\p-jy-cpsS {]hr-n-If
- n t]mepw Imhn-msX Hcp Imcyhpw \S-p-I-bn-m--Xpt]mse Cu alZvIm-cyhpw Imhn-m-sX
\S-p-saXv Xopw Akw-`-hy-am-Wv. Imcyan--s\-bn-cns, Cuiz-c-\p-s--Xn aqV\p-t]mepw ktlw Dm-Im h. ]c-am-flmhns\n D]- t Z- i n- p- - h - c psS hmp- I
tIm ]no-SXv Gp-]-d-bp-Xv kc-f-am-Ipw.
AXn- \ m {]Xy- m- Z n- { ]- a m- W - - sImv
Cuiz-c-J-WvU\w sNpXpw apw A\p-NnX-am-Wv.
tNmZyw: -1. A\m-tZ-cm-K-a-kymcvtYm \N
kcvh BZn-am Ir{Xn-taW Xzk-tXy\
k IYw {]Xn-]m-Zy-tX.
2. AY XZz- N - t \- s s\h kh- t mfss\yx {]Zo-btX {]I-evt]X IYw knn-ct\ymf\ym {ib-tbm-kvX-tbm.
3. kcvh-tm-bm hmIyw kXyw tX\
XZ-kvXnXm, IYw XZp-`bw knt[yXv kn-aqem--cm-Zr-tXx 44
321
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
Cs\ ]cn-n kmaYy-bp-\pw, GI-tZi-hm-knbpw Bb-Xns\ Cuiz-c\
- m-sWp kev]n-m {`m-_p-n-I-fmb- ssP\-msX
ampw km[y-a-. Xo--c-m amXm-]nXm--fn \nmWv P\n--sXp ]d-bp--]w, B amXm-]n-Xm- Bcn \np P\np?
AhcpsS amXm- ] n- X m- Bcn \np
P\np? Cs\ A\-h-m-tZmjw hp-Iq-Spp.
BkvXnI \mkvXnI kwhmZw
{]I- c W cXv \ m- I cw cmw `mK- nse
Bkv X nI \mkv X nI kwhm- Z - s a `mKnse 45 tNmtZym--c- ChnsS FgpXmw.
almssP\n-I CXv k-Xn-w-Ko-I-cn-Xpw
t_mw_-bn ap{ZWw sNbvX-Xp-am-Wv 46.
\mkvXn-I: Cuiz-cs C-sImv Hpw
\S-p-Ib
- n. Fmw \S-p-Xv Iaw-sIm-mWv.
BkvXn-I:- Ia-amWv Fm-n\pw Imc-Wsa-n Iaw sNp--Xmcv? Pohm-flm-hmWv
Iaw sNp--sX-n AXn\p Imc-Wamb
t{im{XmZn C{n-b- Fhn-sS-\npmbn?
A\mZnIme-\mbn, kz`m-th\ Dm-Ip--XmsW-n A\m-Zn-h-kvXp-sf ]cn-Xy-Pn-m-\mhmsX \n-fpsS aX-n kZm-ap-n-bpsS
A`mhw Dm-bn-cn-pw. {]mK-`mhw 47 t]mse
Iaw A\m-Znbpw kmhpw BsWp ]dbp ]w bmsXmcp {]b-Xv\hpw IqSmsX
Ghcpw Ia-n \np \nhr-c
- m-bnocpw.
Cuiz-c ^e-Zm-Xm-hs
- -n Pohm-flmhv ]m]^-e-amb ZpxJs Hcn-epw tkzbm kzoIcn-p-Ib
- n. I-m tamj-W
- n-\p in
kzbw A\p-`h
- n-p-Ib
-
- , cmPy-hy-h
b
- \
- p-kcnv A\p-`-hn--tb-bp-q. AXp-t]mse Cuiz45.{]I-c-W-c-Xv\m-I-c-nse 177-211 t]Pp-I-fn-em-Wn-Xv.
ChnsS kwt-]n--n-cn-p-p. BkvXn-I\p ]Icw
\mkvXn-I Fpw adnpw amn-bn-pv. AXm-bXv
{]I-c-W-c-Xv\m-I-c-nse ]qh-]w D-c-]-ambpw D-c-]w ]qh-]--ambpw amn-bn-cn-p-p.
46.{]I-c-W-c-Xv\m-Icw cmw `mKw imlv `owknwKv
amWIv F- b m t_mws_ \nW- b - k m- K c
{]kn\nv hn{I-am_vZw 1933 (G.-Un. 1875) {]Imi\w sNbvXp.
47.{]mK-`mhw IpS-ap-m-Ip--Xn\v apv IpS-ns
A`mhw A\m-Zn-bmbn Dm-bn-cp-p. B an\nv
apsm-cn- AXo-X-Im-ev IpS-ap-m-b-Xm-hmw.
c A\p-`h
- n-n-p-X
- p-sIm-mWv Pohm-flmhv
]m]- ] p- W y- ^ - e - A\p- ` - h n- p- - X v.
A\yYm Ia-k--c-ap-mbn 48 Hcp-hs Ia^ew asm-cp-h A\p-`-hn-p-hm CS-bm-Ipw.
\mkv X n- I : Cuiz- c A{In- b - \ m- W v .
Fs-m Iw sNp ]w Ia-^ehpw A\p-`-hn--Ww. AXn-\m ssIheyw {]m]nap-msc R A{In-b-cmbn ]cnK-Wn-p--Xp-t]mse \nfpw Icp-X-Ww.
BkvXn-I : Cuiz-c A{Inb-\-. k{Inb-\mWv tNX-\a
- m-Ib
- m Fp-sImv Imhm- b n- qSm? Im- h n\v {Inb- b n\nv
thdnp \nev m\pw km[y- a - . \nfpsS
Xo--ccmb Ir{Xna Cuiz-c-m Pohm-Xvamhn\n-p-m-b-Xm-sWp \n hniz-knpw]Sn hn-Zzmmcpw hniz-kn-p-n-. GsXnepw \nan- n\np- m- I p- Xv A\nXyhpw ]c-m-[o-\hpw Bbn-cn-pw. Cuiz-c
BIp-X
- n\p apv AXv Poh-\m-bncp-p. ]noSv
GtXm \nan--m Cuiz-c-\m-bn. Fn
AXv hopw Poh BIpw. kzw Poh-Xz-kz`m-hs Hcn-epw shSn-bp-hm Ign-bp-I-bn. Pohm-flmhv A\-Im-e-am-bp--Xm-Wv. A\-Imew hsc \ne-\n-evp-Ibpw sNpw. AXn\m A\m-Znbpw kzbw kn-\p-amb Cuizcs\ hniz-kn-p-I-bmWv DNn-Xw.
t\mq, Cu ka-bpw Pohm-flm- ]m]]p-Wy- sNpp, kpJ-Zpx-J--f-\p-`-hn-pp. Cuiz- c CsXm- c n- epw sNp- n- .
Cuiz-c {Inbm-hm-\-m-bn-cp-s-n Cu PKn-s\sbmw Fs\ Dm-p-am-bn-cpp?
Iaw {]mK- ` mhw t]mse A\m- Z nbpw
kmhpw BsWv hniz-kn-m Iaw kahmb _n 49 hcn-I-bn--. ka-hmb
_-an-m-Xv kwtbm-K-P-ambn A\n-Xy-am-bno-cpw. apn-bn {Inbm-cl
- n-X\
- m-sW-ntem?
ap- P o- h m\- h mt\m Am- tXm?
m\- h m- s \- n Ax {Inbm- h m- \ mbn.
322
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
apn-bn -I-p-t]mse PUamIptam? HcnSv
Hpw sNmsX hoWp-In-S-ptam? Fn-semWv apn? A- I m- c - nepw _- \ nepw hoWp-t]m-I-em-WnXv!
\mkvXn-I: Cuiz-c hym]-I-\-. hym]I-\m-sW-n Fm hkvXp-fpw tNX-\-am-Im-sXv? {_m-W, {Xn-b, sshiy,
iq{Z apX-emb D-a--a-[y-a--\nIrjvS Ah-I-sf--fs\ hp-IqSn? -Fm-nepw Cuizc Hcp-t]mse hym]-I-\m-sW-n hep--sdpw Dm-bn-q-SmXmWv.
BkvXn-I: hym]yhpw hym]-I\pw H. hym]yw GI-tZinbpw hym]-I k-tZin-bp-am-Wv. BImiw Fmnepw hym]-I-am-Wv.
`qan apX- e mb k- L - S - ] - S m- Z n- I fpw 50
hym]yhpw GI-tZ-in-bp-am-Wv. ]rYn-hnbpw BImihpw H- m- - X p- t ]mse Cuiz- c \pw
PKpw H- . Fm LS- ] - S m- Z n- I - f nepw
BImiw hym]-I-am-sW-nepw LS-]-Sm-Zn-I
BIm-i-a-. AXp-t]mse tNX-\-\mb Cuizc Fhn-sSbpw hym]-I-\m-sW-nepw Fm
hkvXp--fpw tNX-\-a-. hnZzm\pw aqV\pw
[n-jvT-\pw, A[anbpw Hcp-t]mem-Xpt]mse hnZymZn kZvKp-W-, kXy-`m-j-Ww,
kXy-Iaw, kz-`mhw apX-em-bh
- b
- psS \yq\m[n- I y- a - \ p- k - c nv {_mW sshiy iq{Z AyPmZn-Isf hepXpw sNdp-Xp-ambn KWnp-p. hW-hy-h-- \memw kap-m-k-n
hymJym-\n-n-p-Xv t\mp-I.
\mkvXn-I: Cuizc cN-\b
- m-emWv krjvSnbp-m-Ip--sX-n amXm-]n-Xm--fpsS Bhiy-sav?
Bkv X n- I :- Cuiz- c ob krjv S n- b psS
Imhv Cuiz-c-\m-Wv. ssPh-kr-jvSn-I-fp-tSX-. Pohn-I-fpsS I-hy-I-aw Cuiz-c
sNp-Ib
- n-. Poht\ sNq. hr-^eHuj[m- Z n- I Cuiz- c - \ p- m- n. Ah- s b- S pv
CSnpw s]mSnpw Bh-iy-amb ]ZmY-fpm-n, `n-m-Xn-cp-m ]Icw Cuiz-c
Xs CsXmw sNptam? Pohm- fl m-
323
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
am{Xta Ftmgpw _t\m apt\m BIppq. A\-\pw kh-tZ-inbpw, kh-hym]-I-\p-amb Cuiz-c _-\-ntem ss\ann-I-amb apn-bntem \n-fpsS XoY-cm-sc-tmse hp hogp-n-. AXn-\m ]cam-flmhv -Ftm-gpw Xs ap-\m-Wv.
\mkvXn-I: amZ-I-h-kvXp- D]-tbm-Knp-tm aZw X\ntb Dm-Ip-Xpt]mse
Poh- Ia-^ew A\p-`-hn-p-sImpw, CXn
Cuiz-c\v Imcy-sam-p-an-.
BkvXn-I: I-mcpw Ip-hm-fn-Ifpw
ZpjvS-mcpw kzbw Imcm-Kr-l-hm-ktam Xqpin-jtbm kzoI-cn-p-I-bn-. kzoI-cn-m
B{K-ln-p-Ib
- p-an-.- cmPys \ymb hyh-{]-Imcw _em-evm-c-ambn ]nSn-IqSn inn-bmWv ]Xn-hv. CXp-t]mse Poh\pw Cuiz-c
kzw \ymb-hy-h--{]-Imcw kzw, kzw
Ia--\p-k-cnv bYm-tbmKyw in-\evIp-p. Hcp Poh\pw kzw Zp-jvIns
^e-a-\p-`-hn-m B{K-ln-p-n-. AXn-\m
]c-am-flm-hns \ymbm-[o-iXzw Dmtb Ignbq.
\mkvXnI :- PK-n Hco-iz-c-\-p--Xv.
adnv F{X ap Pohm-flm--fptm Ahscmw Cuiz-c-m-cm-Wv.
BkvXn-I:- CXp shdptX ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv.
Fs-m Hcn- _-\mbn apnsb
{]m]n-p-b
- m hopw _-\
- n s]Spw.
kz`m-th\ ap-c-m--XmWv Imc-Ww. \nfpsS Ccp-]-n-\mev Xo--c-mcpw _-cmbn-cp-p. ]noSv ap-cmbn hopw _-cmIpw.
IqSmsX At\Iw Cuiz-c-m-cp-m-bm PohI-sftmse Ahcpw Ie-ln-pw.
\mkv X n- I : aqVm- fl mth! PK- n\v
Im-hn. kzbw kn-amWo PK-v.
BkvXnI: CXv ssP\n-I-fpsS F{Xtbm
alm aqV- h n- i zm- k - a mWv ! Im- h n- msX
FsX-nepw Iatam Ia-an-msX GsX-nepw
Imcytam temI-n Dm-bn-m-Wpptm?
tKmXv hb-en hp-Xs kzbw s]mSnv
A-ambn ssP\-cpsS hb-n sNp Fp
]d-bp--Xn\p kam\amWv. ]n Hcn-epw
X\ntb \qepw XpWnbpw AwKhkv{Xhpw,
cmw appw, thjvSnbpw Xe-m-hp-ambn hcp-
324
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
TnC hnhm-K-h-kD `aC Pothm. 52
({]-I-c-W-c-Xv\m-Icw, 2mw `mKw, kayzkz-cq-]-kvX-hw, kqx2)
CXv {]I-c-W-c-Xv\m-Icw cmw-`mKw F{K--n kay-z{]-Imiw F {]I-c-Wn KuX-a\pw alm-ho-c\pambp kwhm-Zam-Wv. CXns kwn-]vXhpw D]-bp--hp-amb
AY-an-XmWv: Cu kwkmcw A\m-Znbpw A\-hp-am-Wv. AXns DXv]n Dm-bn-n-.
\mi- a p- m- h p- I - b p- a n- . AXm- b Xv Bcpw
krjvSnX CsX-Yw. AXp-sIm-mWv
BkvXn-I-\m-kvXnI kwhm-Z-n, tl aqV!
PK-ns Im-hmbn Bcp-an. Hcn-epw
\in-p-I-bp-an Fp ]d-Xv. 53
kao--I: kwtbm-K-m Dm-Ip-Xv
Hcn-epw A\m-Znbpw A\-hpw BIp-I-bn-.
Dev]-nbpw hn\m-ihpw Dm-ImsX Iaw
C. PK-n Dm-Ip--h-sbmw DXv]n
hn\m- i - - t fm- S p- I q- S n- b - X m- s Wp ImWmw.
]ns--s\-bmWv PKv DXv]n hn\m-i-fn- m- XmIp- - X v . AXn- \ m \n- f psS
XoYc-mv icn-bmb t_m[-an-mbn-cp-p.
Dm-bn-cp-s-n Ccw Akw-`-hy-Imcysfs\sb-gpXn?
\n Kpcp- - mv tN injymXs. \n-fpsS hmp-I tIp-hpw Hcn-epw ]Zm-m\w Dm-hpI- b n. {]Xy- - a mbn kwbp- - ] - Z mw
Inpw AXns DXv ] n hn\m- i -
AwKo-I-cn-m--sXv? AXm-bXv Ch-cpsS
Kpcp- - mpw ssP- \ n- I pw `qan- i mkv{Xhpw tPymXn-xim-kv{Xhpw Adn-hn-m-bn-cpp. Ctmgpw Chv Adn-hn-. Dmbncpsn C\nsbgp-Xp Akw-`h
- y-Im-cy- hnizkn-bpw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNp--sX-s\?
Cu krjvSn-bn "]rYn-ho-Imbw' ]rYnhn
Pohs ico-ca
- m-Wv. Pe-Im-bm-Zn-Ifpw Poh-\mWv
Fp Icp-Xp-p. CXv Bpw kzoI-cn-m-hp52.AYw C{]-Im-ca
- mWv: tl kzman! Cu A\m-Znbpw
A\-hpw \mep-KX
- n-If
- p-X
- p-amb kwkm-cc
- q-]n-bmb
tLmc-h-\-n taml-\o-bmZn Ia--fpsS DXvIrjvS-n-Xn-hn-]m-I-n ^e-n\p hio-{`-X-ambn
Poh {`aWw sNp-p.
53.aqVm-flm-th, PK-n\p Im-hn-. kzbw-kn-amWo PKv (apt]Pv t\mp-I)
325
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
Ipn-\n-d-bv-Ww. ]noSv Hmtcm Ij-WwhoXw \qdp-sIm--n-sem-cn- FSp--Ww.
InW Hgn-bp-tm Akw-JymXw ]qh-fmbn AXn\nv ]teym]a-Im-ehpw KWn-mhp--Xm-Wv.
]p-tImSntImSn ]teym-]-a-Imew Ign-bptm Hcp kmK-tcm-]-a-Im-e-ambn. ]p-tImSn
kmK-tcm-]a
- I
- mew Hcp D]-Wn. Hcp D]Wnbpw Hcp Ah-k]-Wnbpw 55 IqSp-Xv Hcp
Ime-N{Iw. A\-I
- m-eN
- {Iw Ign-bp-tm Hcp
"]pZvK-e-]-cm-hr'amIpw.
A\-I
- m-es
- ap ]d-bp-s
- X-mWv? knamb ]pkvX-I-fn \h-Zr-jvSm---fm
Ime-kw-Jy-K-Wn-n-p-v. AXn-\p-tij-ap-Xv
A\--Im-e-am-Wv. A\--]p-ZvKe ]cm-hr-Imew Poh Id-n-n-cn-bp-p. CXymZn-bmWv
knm--.
KWn-X--mcp tImepw. ssP\{Kfn \nv Ime-kwJy KWn-m-\m-Iptam
Ctbm? CsXmw kXy-am-sWp hniz-kn-m\m-Iptam? XoY--c-m ]Tn KWn-X-hn-ZybmWnXv! C-s\-sbmw Ch-cpsS aX-n
Htsd Kpcp-in-jy-m-cp-v. Ah-cpsS Am\-n\v Hc-Xn-cp-an-.
C\nbpw A-Imcw ImWq. cXv\-kmcw
Hm-`m-K-ns 134-mw t]Pn apX Ipsd
Aq---Y-I Dv. Ch ssP\-kn-m-fpw Ej-`t- Z-h apXp Ccp-]
- n-\mev
Xo--c-m-cpsS hN-\-km-ckw{Kl-hp-am-Wv.
CXp-t]mse 148-mw t]Pn Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-pp:- ""]rYn-ho-Im-b-nse Poh-m-cmWv apw
Ipw apw AXn-\p-n D Pohm-flm-hns
ico- c - ] - c n- W maw Hcw- K p- e - ns Akw- J yXmwiw AYhm AXy kqva- a m- W v.
AXns Bbpkv At-bw Ccp-]
- ocm-bncw
hj-am-Wv.''
XpSv Ahn-sS-s ""ac-ns Hcp icoc-n A\ -Po-hm-cp-v. Ahsb km[mcW h\-kv]-Xn-I-fmbn KWn-p-p. -I-aq-e{]ap-Jhpw, A\--Im-b-{]-ap-Jhpw Bb-hsb
55.ChnsS Ah-k]-Wn-bpsS Imew \nt-in-n-n-.
D]Wn FXv Ignv A{X-bpw-Imew Hcp Ahk]Wn Fp-IqSn th-Xm-bn-cp-p. aqe-ns
]In hnp-t]m-b-Xm-hmw.
km[m-cW h\-kv]-Xn-bpsS Poh Fp ]db-Ww. AXns Bbpv A\--ap-lq-amWv.'' ChnsS t\ct Fgp-Xnb aplqw
kvac-Wo-bw.
Hcp ico-c-n Hcp C{nbw am{X-ap
AXm-bXv kv]ti-{nbw am{X-ap--Xn Hcp
Poh hkn-p-p. AXns\ {]tXyI h\kv]Xn Fp ]d-bp-p. AXns tZlw Hcmbncw tbmP-\-bm-Wv. ]pcm-W-m-cpsS tbmP\
4 tImi-am-Wv. Ans\ \mem-bncw tImi-ap
ico-c-am-W-Xv. AXns Bbpv IqSn-bm ]Xn\m-bncw hj-am-Wv.''
""C\n cn- { n- b - - f p Poh BWv .
AXn\v ico-chpw apJhpw Dv. iwJv, Ih-Sn,
t] apX-em-b-h-bm-Wn-Xv. AXns ico-c-hepw Ghpw IqSn-bXv \mev-sp tImi-amWv. Bbpv IqSn-bm ]{p hjhpw.''
kao- - I : ChnsS henb sXp- ] n.
C{Xbpw henb ico-c-n\v Bbpp Iqn
Fgp-Xm-am-bn-cp-p. \mev]-s-p-tIm-iw hep-ap t] ssP\-cpsS tZlp Ib-dn-mWpw. Ah IpwImWpw. C{Xbpw henb
t]\ns\ ImWm amv Fhn- s S- b mWv
`mKyw.
C\nbpw ImWq Byw! cXv\-kmcw Hmw`mKw 150-mw t]Pn ""tX, aq, sNv, Cu
Fn- h bv v Hmtcm tbmP- \ - bmWv ico- c w.
Bbpv Bdp-am-k-hpw.''
kao--I:- \mep tImiw hep--ap
tXfns\ amcpw In-cn-bn-. Fp ssaep
tXfpw Cubpw ssP\- a - X - n- e p- v . Cu
tXfpw Cubpw Ah-cpsS hon-emhmw ]mv!
Ah-c-msX temI-n-emcpw Chsb Incn-p-I-bn-. C-c-samcp tX ssP\nsb ISnm Abm-fpsS KXn-sb-mIpw!
Pe-Nm-cn-I-fmb ay--fpsS icocbfhv
Hcm-bncw tbmP\]-Xn-\mbncw tImiw Hcp
tbmP-\-sbp IW-n {]Imcw Hcp-tImSn
tImi-am-Wv. Hcp-tImSn ]qh-hj--fmWv
Bbpv!
kao--I:- C{Xbpw henb Pe-Po-hn-Isf
ssP\nIfmsX Bcpw In-cn--bn-.
\mevm-en-bmb B\-bp-tSbpw apw ico-cn\v cp-ap-X HXv tImiw-h-sc-bmWv
326
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
hepw. Bbpv F]- n- \ m- e m- b ncw
hjhpw.
kao--I:- C{X henb Poh-I-tfbpw
ssP\ In-cn-mw! hniz-kn-p-p-ap-mImw. _pn-am-mmpw hniz-kn-m h.
Pe-Nm-cn-Ifpw K`-P-fp-amb Pohn-I-fpsS
ico-c
- n\v Hcm-bncw tbmP-\b
- mWv Hcp-tImSn
tImiw hepw, Bbpv, HcptImSn ]qhhj--fpw.
C{X- h - e nb ico- c hpw Bbp- papsb
ssP\m-Nm-cy-m kz]v\n In-cn-mw.
Hcn-epw kw`-hn-m alm-I---ft
CsXmw?
ssP\-cpsS `qan-imkv{Xw
C\n Ch-cpsS `qan-bpsS hepw t\mp-I.
cXv\-kmaw Hmw `mKw 152mw t]Pn ""Cu
EPp-h-m temIn Akw-JymXw Zzo]pIfpw kap- { Z- fpw Dv . Akw- J ymXw
FXn\v cc kmKtcm]aIme-n-ep-{X
kabw Zzo]p-Ifpw kap-{Z-f
- pw Fm-Ww.''
Cu ]rYn-hn-bn HmatXmb Pw_p-Zzo]v
Fm Zzo]p-I-fp-tSbpw \Sp-m-Wv. CXn\v Hcp
ew tbmP\ AYhm Hc_pZw tImi-amWv. 56 hnkvXow. CXn-\v \mep-Nppw ehW-k-ap-{Z-am-Wv. AXns hnkvXow cpew tbmP\ AYhm c_pZw tImihpw.
Cu Pw_p Zzo]ns \mep-h-ipw [mX-Io-JWv U - s a Zzo]pv . CXn\v \mep- e w
tbmP\ \me_pZw tImiwhnkvXm-c-hp-ap-v.
AXn\p ]nn Imtem-Z[n F kap-{Z-amWv.
AXns hnkvXow Fp ew tbmP\
F_pZw tImiw BWv. AXn\p ]nn
]pjv I cm- h - s a Zzo]p- v . AXns
hnkvXow ]Xn-\mdv ew tbmP\ ]Xn\mdv A_pZw tImiw BWv. B Zzo]ns
Dn Ippw Ipgn-bp-am-Wv. ]Ip-Xn--ev
a\p-jy hkn-p-p. AXn-\p-a-p-dw AkwJymXw Zzo]p-Ifpw kap-{Z-fpapv. Ahbn
XncyIv hKw ]mp-p.
cXv \ kmcw Hmw- ` mKw 153- mwt]Pn
""Pw_p-Zzo-]n Hcp lna-hw, Hcp sFcWvUhw, Hcp lcn-hjw, Hcp cayIw, Hcp tZh56. Hc_pZw ]p-tIm-Sn-bm-Wv.
327
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
cN-\m-hntijw ImWmw. B qe-P-K-v Hcnepw A\m-Zn-b-. Imcy-P-Kv \nXy-sa-n
AXns ImcWw Dm-hn-. adnv AXp-Xs
Imcy-Im-c-W cq]-am-Ipw. A-s\-bm-sW-n
Imcyhpw Imc-Whpw Hm-bn-cn-b
- m At\ym\ym-{ibw, Bflm-{i-bw, Fo tZmj-
hcpw. Xs tXmfn Xm Ib- d p- Xpw,
]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw Hcm-fm-bn-cn-p-Xpw \Sp--X-. AXn-\m PK-XvImhv Dsp
hniz-knt ]q.
tNmZyw: PK-XvImhv Cuiz-c-\m-sWn Cuiz-cs Imhm-cmWv?
Dcw: Im-hns Imhpw Imc-Wns Imc-Whpw Hcn-epw Dm-hp-I-bn-.
Imhpw Imc- W hpw D- X p- s Im- mWv
Imcyw Dm-Ip--Xv. kwtbm-K-hn-tbm-K-fpmImXpw BZy- k w- t bm- K - h n- t bm- K p Imc-Whpw Bb-Xn\v Imthm ImcWtam Hcn--ep-an-. CXns hymJym\w Fmw
kap- m- k - n krjv S n- b psS hymJym- \ nsegp-Xnbn-pXp t\mp-I. 57
Cu ssP\v qe-Im-cy- t]mepw
Adn-hnsn ]c-a-kq-jva-amb krjvSn-hnZy
Fs\ t_m[nm-\mWv? krjvSn A\m-Znbpw
A\-hp-am-sWv Icp-Xp-p. Hmtcm KpWn\pw, Ime-n\pw ]cym-b-fpw, Hmtcm
hkvXp-hnepw A\-]cymbfpw Dsv
{]I-cW
- c
- Xv\mIc-ns Hmw `mK--n-ep-v.
CsXmcnepw kw`-hy-a-. Fs-m ]cnW-an-p hkvXp--fpsS Fm AwK-fpw
]cn-W-an-pw. A\--n\p ]Icw AkwJyw
Fp ]d-bp-Xpw icn-bm-hn-. Pohm-flm-hns\
kw_-nv icn-bm-tb-mw. Cuiz-cs\ kw_nv icn-bm-hn-. Htcmtcm {Zhyn AXmXns Hmtcm Imcy-Im-cW kmaYys Ahn`mPy ]cym-b--fm A\ kmaYy-ambn
KWn-p-Xv tIhew Ahn-Zym-P-\y-am-Wv. Hcp
]c-amWp{Zhy-n\v AXn-cp-v. Fn A\
hn`mK cq] ]cym-b- AXn-se-s\ hnpw? AXp-t]mse Hmtcm-tcm {Zhy-n
A\ KpW--fps-Xpw Hcp KpW-ns
\nc-h[n Ahn-`IvX ]cym-bfps kev]hpw shdpw _men-i-am-Wv. ASn-m-\-n\v
A-ap-X
- n hn-p-X
- n\v Fp-sImv
A-an? Cs\ \nc-h[n -anYym-P-ev]-\
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-p.
Poh--P-U-
Poh- P - U - FmWv F- X n- s \- n
ssP\-cpsS \nW-b-an-{]-Im-c-amWv:-
tNX\m etWm Pohx kymZ-Po-h-kvX-Z\yx. kXv-Icva ]pZvKemx ]pWyw ]m]w
XkyI-hn-]-cybx 58
CXv Pn\-Z--kq-cn-bp-sS hN-\-hpw, {]I-cW-cXv\mIcw H
- mw `mK-nepw, \b-N{Ikmcn-ep-sa-gp-Xn-bn-p-X
- pam-Wv. tNX-\m-e
- W
- wPo-h-tXpw tNX-\m-clnXw APohw PUhpam-Wv. kXvIa-cq-]n-bmb ]pZvKew ]pWyhpw
]m]-Ia-cq-]-amb ]pZvKew ]m]hpw sNn-pp.
kao-I Poh-P-UfpsS eWw
icn-bm-sW-nepw PU-amb ]pZvKew ]m]-]pWy-bp--am-Im hgn-bn-. ]m]-]p-Wy-
sNp kz`mhw tNX-\-n-te-bp-q. F{Xsb{X PU-h-kvXp--fptm Ah-sbmw ]m]]p-Wy-c-ln-X-am-sWp ImWmw. Poh A\mZn-bm-sW hnizmkw icn-bm-Wv. Fm B
Aev ] \pw Aev ] - - \ p- a mb Pohm- fl mhv
apnZi-bn k--\m-Ip-p Fp hnizkn-p-Xv icn-b-. Aev]hpw Aev]--hpam-b-Xns kmaYyhpw Ftmgpw AXn-cp-Xm-bn-cn-pw.
PKv, Poh, Pohs Iahpw _hpw
Fnh A\m-Zn-bm-sWv ssP\ hniz-kn-pp. Fs- m kwtbm- K - P - \ y- a mb PKns Imcy- I m- c - W - fpw {]hm- t l\
Imcyhpw, Pohs Iahpw _hpw {]hm-lm- e - msX kzcq- ] - n A\m- Z n- b - .
BsWp hniz-kn-m Ia-_---fn
\np hnSp-X-ep-s-s-s\ hniz-knpw?
A\m-Zn-bm-bXv Hcn-epw hnp-t]m-hpIbn-.
A\m-Zn-bm-bXpw \in-p-sa-n \n-fpsS
Fm A\m-Zn-hk
- vXp-f
- p-tSbpw \miw {]kamIpw. Atm Ia-ns \mihpw {]k-amIpw. A\mZn \nXy-am-sW-n Iahpw
_hpw \nXy-am-Ipw. Ia-fn \np
58. Bl-X-Zi-\w-87
328
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
hnSp-X-emWv apn-sb-n, -Fm Ia-fn\n-pap hnSp-X apn-bpsS \nan-am-Ipw. Atm apn ss\an-n-Ia
- mIpw. AXv
kZm \ne-\n-evp-I-bp-an-. Iaw Imhpw
Xn \nXy-_w Dm-hp-I-bm Iahpw
Hcn-epw hnp-am-dm-X
- m-Ipw. Atm \nfptSbpw Xo- c- c p- t Sbpw apn \nXy- a msWp ]d-Xv icn-b-m-Xm-Ipw.
tNmZyw: [m\y- ns Dan- t ]m- b mtem,
An-kw-kK-ap-m-bmtem AXp apf-bvm-Xp- t ]mse apn t\Snb Poh hopw
P\\acW cq]n-bmb kwkm-c-n hcn-I-bn.
Dcw: Poh\pw Ia-hp-am-bp _w
Danbpw _oP-hp-am-bp--Xp-t]mseb. ChnsS
ka-hmb _-am-Wp-X
- v. A\m-Zn-Imew apX
Poh\pw AXns Ia-IrXz in-bp-ambn
_-ap-v. AXn Iaw sNm-\p in
Csp hcp-In Poh inem-Xp-ey-\m-Ipw.
apn A\p-`-hn-m\pw in-bn-m-Xm-Ipw.
A\m-Zn-Im-es Ia-_
- \
-
- n \np hnv
Poh ap-\m-Ip-sa-n \nfpsS \nXy
apn-bn\np hnpw _-\-n hogpw.
Ia-cq-]n-bmb apn-km-[-\--fn \np hnv
_-\-nepw s]Sm-hp--Xm-Wv. km[-\-fm kn-amb hkvXp Hcn-epw \nXy-am-hpI-bn-. km[-\-kn--a-msX apn-bp-sn
Ia--fn-msX _-\-hp-am-Imw. hkv{X-fn ]nSn-p Agp-v, Igp-Ip-tm t]mbn,
hopw ]nSn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. AXp-t]mse
anYyXzw apX-emb tlXp--fmepw cmK-tZz-jmZn- I sf B{i- b npw Poh Ia- c q- ] - a mb
^es A\p- ` - h n- p- p. bYm- a mb
m\w, Zi-\w, kz-`mhw Fn-h-sImv
\na- e - a m- h p- s - pw, amen- \ y- I - W - - f m
amen\y-ap-mIpp Fp-am-sW-n kwkmcn-bmb Poh ap-\m-sW-pw ap-Po-h
kwkm-cn-bm-sWpw Icp-tX-n-hcpw. Fsm amen\yw \nan-
- f
- m- amdp-p-sh-n
\nan---fm amen\yw ]pc-fp-Ibpw sNpw.
AXn-\m Pohs _hpw apnbpw {]hml-m A\m-Zn-bm-sWp Icp-Xp-I-b-msX
A\m-Znbpw B\--hp-ambn A\m-Zn-bm-sWp
Icp-X-cp-Xv.
329
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
Dcw: ]mepw ]pfnbpw tNp-Xv asmcm-fm-Wv. AXp-t]mse Poh\pw Ia-hp-ambn
tNp--Xn\v Cuiz-c thWw. Fs-m
PU-hkvXp \nb-a-]qhw kzbw tNcp-I-bn-.
Poh Aev]--\m-I-bm kzbw Ia-^es {]m]n-p-hm Ign-hn-. Cuiz-c-\m
hyh-m-]nX-amb krjvSn-{I-a-an-msX Ia-^e-hy-h km[y-a-sv CXn-\m knn-pp.
tNmZyw: Ia-n \np ap-\m-Ip-bm-ft Cuiz-c.
Dcw: A\m-Zn-Imew apX Poh Iahp-ambn tNn-cn-p--Xm-sW-n AXn
\nv Hcn-epw apn-bn-.
tNmZyw: Ians _-n\v BZn-bpv.
Dcw: BZn-bp-X
- m-sW-n Ia-ns
kwtbmKw -A-\m-Zn-b-. kwtbm-K-n-\p-apv
Poh Ia-lo-\-\o-bn-cn--Ww. \njvIa-am-bXn\v Iaw _m[n-m ap\pw _m[n-pw.
Iahpw Imhpw Xn ka-hmb _w
AYhm \nXy-_w Dmhpw. AXv Hcn-epw
hnSp-Ib
- n-. AXn-\m HXmw kap-m-k
- n
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-Xv AwKo-I-cn-p-I-bmWv DNnXw.
Poh kzw kmaYyhpw m\hpw
F{X-Iv hn-n-mepw AXn ]cn-an-Xm-\-hpw kmaYy-hpta Dm-Iq. Hcn-epw
Cuiz-cXp-ey-am-hp-I-bn-. F{X-Iv kmaYyw
hn-n-p-Xv DNn-X-tam, A{Xbpw tbmKm hn-n-m-hp--Xm-Wv.
ssP\n-I-fpsS Al-X-m ico-c-]-cn-am-W-a\p-kc
- nv Pohm-flm-hns hepw AwKo-Ic
- n-p-tm. 59 A-s \-b m-s W- n B\- bpsS
Poh IoS-nepw IoS-ns Poh B\bnepw Fs\ HXpp-sav Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-Ww, CXpw auVy-am-Wv. Poh Hcp kqva]-Zm-am-Wv. AXn-s\mcp ]c-am-Wp-hn-epw
hkn-mw. Fm AXns in-I ico-cn {]mW, hnZyp-Xv, \mUnI apX-em-b59.Bflm-{]-Xy-m-Zn-{]-am-W-knx ssNX-\y-cq]x ]cnWmao Im-km-mXv t`mm kztZl ]cn-amWx
({]-I-c-W-c-Xv\-kmcw `mKw 1)
h-bp-ambn kwtbm-Pn-n-cn-p-p. AXp-sImmWv ico-c-n-semw hn-pp Fdn-bp--Xv. kw-Kw-sImv \Xpw, Ipkw-KwsImv No-bp-am-bn-o-cp-p.
ssP\ [aw C{]- I m- c - a m- s Wp IcpXpp:
aqew: tc Poh `h ZplmC Cw Nnb
lcC PnW-abw [w. Cb-cmWw ]caw
tXm kpl-It aqV apkn-Hmkn. ({]-I-c-W-cXv\m-Icw `mKw 2. jjvSo-i-XIw 60, kq{Xmw
3)
kwn-]vXmYw: FtSm Pohm, Htc-tbmcp
ssP\-aXw, {ioho-X-cm-K-`m-jnX [aw, am{Xta
kwkmc kw_-n-X-amb P\-\-P-cm-a-c-Wm-Zn-ZpxJ- sf lcn- p- - X m- b p- p. CXp- t ]mse
t{ijvT-tZ-h-cpw kZvKpcp--mcpw ssP\-a-Xm am{X-am-Wv. CX-c ho-X-cm-K-\mb Ej-`tZ-h apX alm-ho-c hsc-bpp hoX-Xcm- K - c mb tZh- m- c n\nv `n- c mb lcn,
lc, {_mhv apX-em-b-h-scmw Zpt-h-XI-fm-Wv. \-bvmbn Ahsc `Pn-p--h
hn--s-Sp-p.
CXn-s-kmcw C{X-am-{X-amWv ssP\-a-Xnse t{ijvT-tZ-hmscbpw kZvKp-cp--mscbpw hnv av Zpt-h-X-I-tfbpw ZpjvS-Kp-cp-m-scbpw tkhn-m Hcp \bpw Dm-hpI-bn-.
kao--I:- Ch-cpsS aX-{K-- F{X
\nm-`-cn-X-am-sWv hnZzm-m Nnnt-XmWv.
aqew: Acnlw tZthm kpKpcp kpw
[w N ]-\h
-
-- tcm, [mWw Ib-mWw
\nc-cw hkC lnb-bn (Sn. 2.60.1)
kwn- ] v X mYw tZth{]qPn- X - \ mb
Al- - t \- m D- a - a mbn asm- n- .
tZhtZh\pw {ioam\pw m\-{In-bm-im-enbpw
imkvt{Xm]-tZ-jvSmhpw, ip-\pw, \njvI-f\pw, Zbm-ephpw m\-nsbpw \-bpsSbpw Dd-hn-S-hp-amb {ioPn-\\pw At-l-ap-]tZ- i n- [a- h p- a m- W v ZpK- X n- b ns]
{]mWnIsf kap--cn-p-Xv. av lcn-l-cm-ZnI-fpsS [aw kwkm-c-n \nv Dcnm
t]mcp-X-. Av hmgv-s Al
mpw _p-pw \a-kvIm-cw. \mev
330
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
KpW hmgvs
- hbm-Wv. Ah, Zb, a,
kay-IvXz-m\w, tZh-Zi\w kz`m-hw
Fn-h-bm-Wv.
kao--I:- a\p-jy-t\m-Sn-m Zb-b-.
abpw As\ Xs. m\-n\p ]Icw
Am-\hpw tZh-Zi-\-n-\p-]-Icw AIm-chpw, kz-`m-hn\p ]Icw ]n-Wn-In-Sepw Fs\ \-h-bmIpw? Zbbpw abpw
\-h-bm-sW-nepw ]-]m-X-n s]p-I-gnm a A-abpw Zb Zb-bn-m-bvabpw
Bbn-tm-Ipw. bmsXmcp Pohn-tbbpw ZpxJn-nm-Xn-cn-p-IbmWv CXns {]tbm-P\
- w. ]t
Akm-[y-am-Wn-Xv. Fs-m ZpjvS-msc
innp-Xpw Zb-bn s]Sp--Xm-Wv. Hcp
ZpjvS\p in-\-evIm-Xn-cp-m Bbncw a\pjyv ZpxJapm-Ipw. AXn-\m B Zb Zbbn-m-bvabpw a A-a-bp-am-Ipw.
Fm Poh-Ipw ZpxJ-\m-ihpw kpJ{]m]vXn Dm-Im-\p D]m-b-n\v Zb-sbp
]d-bp-Xv icn-bm-Wv. shw Acnp IpSn-pXpw p{Z-Po-hn-Isf cn-p-Xpw am{X-a
Zb. C{]-Im-c-ap Zb ssP\n-I ]d-bp-st-bp-q sNp-n-. GXp aX-n s]-h\p-am-Is, a\p-jy-tcmSp Zb-hp-Imn Ahsc
A-]m-\m-Zn-I \evIn kevIc
- n-p-Xpw, CXc-a-X--cmb hnZzmmsc _lp-am-\np ip{iqjn-p-Xpw Zb-bt? Chv bYm Zb
Dm-bn-cp-s-n hnth-I-kmcw F {Kns 221-mw t]Pn FgpXn-bn-cn-pXv icnbm-Iptam?
1. ]c-a-X-kvXp-Xn-sN-p-I. 2. Ahsc hn-pI. 3. Be-]\w; Ah-tcmSp kwkm-cn-p-I. 4.
kwe-]\w; hopw hopw Ah-tcmSp kwkmcn-p-I, 5. Ahv A-hk
- v{XmZn Zm\w sNpI., 6. K-]p-jv]m-Zn-Zm\w sNbvI Fo Bdv
bmX-\-I Bdp-hn[ {]hr-n-I ssP\nIsNm ]mSn-.
kao--I: ssP\n-Iv ap--h-tcmSv
F{X-Iv Zb-bn-m-bvabpw shdppw tZzjhpw
Dsv _pn-amam Btem-Nn--Ww. ap-aX--tcmSv C{X-Iv \n-b-cmb ssP\sc
Zbm-lo-\-sct ]d-bm-hq. Fs-m kzmsc am{Xw ip{iq-jn-p-Xv hntij [aam-hn-. Ah-cpsS aX-m Ah-cpsS kz-mcm- W v . AXn- \ m Ahsc ip{iq- j n- p- p.
331
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
X-_---fpsS XymK-amWv Nmcn-{Xw. AlnwkmZn hyXy-kvX--fmb Ap {hX--fp-v.
Hv Alnw-k. Hcp {]mWn-tbbpw lnwkn-mbvI. cv, kq\y-Xm. {]nb-hm-p-I ]d-bp-I.
aqv AkvtXbw. tamjvSn-m-Xn-cn-p-I. \mev,
{_-Ncyw, D]-t-{n-b-kw-b-a\w Av,
A]-cn-{Klw. kh-h-kvXp-fpw XyPn-p-I.
kao--I: Ch-bn an-hbpw \-Imcy-fm-Wv. Alnwk; Ifhv apX-emb \nyIm- c y- D- t ]npI CsXmw \Xp
Xs. Fm A\y-a-X-sf \nn-p-I-ap-Xemb tZmj- \nanw \Xpw Nobmbn. ""A\y- l - c n- l cm- Z n- I - f psS [aw
temIs D-cn-p-X
- '' apX-emb ]cmai. Ah-cpsS ]pkvX-I- t\mmsX
No-bm-sWp ]d-bp-Ib
- m-Wv. CXv Nnd \nbmtWm? AXp-t]mse apI-fn hnh-cn Akw`-hy-fmb Imcy- ]d XoY--c-msc
kvXpXn-p-Xpw shdpw imTyw am{X-am-Wv.
ssP\-a-X-nse [a-{]-iwk:
-aqew: PC \ IpWkn Xh NcWw \
]Tkn \ KptWkn tZkn t\m ZmW-av. Xm
Cnbw knkn PwtZthm C Acn-ltm, ({]-I-cW `m. 2.60.2)
kwn-]vXmYw: a\pjym! \n\v X]-kznbm-Imt\m kz`m-hn-bm-Imt\m, ]WvUn-X-\mImt\m, ta[m-hn-bm-Imt\m kZv]m-{X-n
Zm\w sNmt\m Ign-bp-n-s-nepw, Bcm-[\bvv Htc-sbmcp Al-\mb Al--s\G-ItZh\v Bcm-[-\-bn-m\pw ssP\--[n hniz-kn-m\pw Ign-m AXp-aXn.
\ns D-c-W-n-\p GI hgn-bm-W-Xv.
kao--I: kz`m-h-an-s-nepw, ]Tnmt\m Zm\w sNmt\m Ign-n-s-nepw
""ssP\-aXw kXy-am-sWp'' am{Xw ]d-bp-Xp-sImv Abm D-a-\m-Iptam? A\y-a-X- c mb t{ijv T \nIr- j v S - c p- a m- I ptam?
Cs\ ]d- b p- - h - c psS {`mpw _me- _ pnbpw Fm-Wmthm! CXn\np hy-amIp-Xv Ch-cpsS BNm-cy-m kzmYn-I-fm-bncpp Fpw ]qW-hn-Zzm-m-c-m-bncp-s-pam-Wv. Fm-h-tcbpw \nn-m--]w Chcp-sS-h-e-bn Bsc-nepw s]Sp-Itbm kzw
CjvSw km[n-p-Itbm sNp-am-bn-cp-n-.
ssP\-aXw ssP\-aXw At[m-K-Xn-p hgnbm-sWpw sshZnI [w am{Xta D-cnp-I-bp-q Fpw knn-p-p. lcn-l-cm-ZntZ-hm \-hcpw Ch-cpsS Ej-`-tZ-h\pw apw
Zpt-hX
- I
- f
- m-sWpw ]d-m Chs-ptXmpw? tZzjw tXmp-I-bnt?
Ch- c psS BNm- c y- mpw hnizm- k nIpw ]nb sXp-I C\n-bpapv:
aqew: PnW-hc BWm-`wKw Da Dp-tek tZk-WD BWm `tK ]mhwXm PnWab Zpcw [-av. ({]-I-cW `m 2.60. 11)
kwx AYw: DmKw Dq{Xw Fn-hbpsS teJ\ Bsc-sb-nepw ImWn-p-Xp-sImv Pn\-h-c-m-cpsS, AYhm hoX-cmK-cmb Xo--ccpsS Bm-ew-L\w kw`hn-p-p. AXv ZpxJ-tl-Xp-hmb ]m]-am-Wv. Pn\h-c Acp-fnb kay-zw apX-emb [a-
{Kln-p-hm hnj-a-am-Wv. AXn-\m Pn\-hcs Bbvp `wKw hcm- - h w
{]hn--Ww.
kao--I: kzbw {]iw-kn-p-I, kzw
aX-amWv t{ijvT-sap ]d-bp-I, ap--hsb
\nnpI Fnh aqV-m-cpsS {]hr-n-bmWv.
ap hnZzm-m {]iw-kn-p-s-n AXmWv
icn. I- mv kzbw {]iw- k n- p- h m
Ignbpw AXp-sImv Ah {]iw-k-\o-b-cm-Ipp- t m? AXp- t ]msebmWv Ch- c psS
Imcyhpw.
ssP\n-I-tf-tmse ]-]m-X-m-cn-.
aqew: _lp-KpW hnPvQm \ne Hm Dp- ` m- k o- X - l mhnapthm Pl hcaWnPqtXm hnlp hnKv[- I tcm hnkltcmtemtb (Sn. 2.18)
kw Aw: hnj-k]-ns intcmcXv\w XymPy-am-bn-cn-p--Xp-t]mse ssP\-aX-n-e-m--bm F{X-h-enb [man-It\m
]WvUn-Xt\m Bbmepw icn Bbmsf XyPnp--XmWv ssP\v DNn-Xw.
kao-I
- : F{X sXm-Wn-sXp t\mq.
Ch-cpsS injy-mcpw BNm-cy-mcpw hnZzm-mcm-bn-cps-n, hnZzm-msc CjvS-s-t-s\.
Ch-cpsS XoY--c-m klnXw Ghcpw AhnZzm-m-cm-I-bm hnZzmamsc \nn-msXpw
332
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
sNpw? kzWw Agp-ntem s]mSnbntem InSmepw Bcm\pw Dt]-n-ptam? ssP\n-Isf-tmse ]-]m-Xn-Ifpw Zpcm-{K-ln-I-fp-ambn
Bcp-an-sv CXn \np sXfn-bp-p.
aqew: AC-kb ]mhnb ]mhm [nA
]tkp tXmhn-]m-h-cbm \-Nen kp
[m [m Inhn-]mh ]tkp (Sn. 2.29)
kw. AYw: A\y-kn-m--m-cmb IenwKn-Isf AXm-bXv ssP\-[a-hn-tcm-[n-Isf,
ssP\ IWn-t]mepw Ip-Iq-Sm.
kao- - I : CsX{Xtbm ]ma- c - X - b msWv _pn-amm Nnn--Ww. kXy-amb
[a- n hniz- k n- p- - h \v Bscbpw
Iqtk Imcy-an-. Ch-cpsS BNm-cy-mpXs X-fpsS aXw aWsImm-c-sa--dn-bmam-bn-cp-p. Bsc-nepw Im XIp Xcn-W-am-Ipw. AXn-\m Fm-h-tcbpw \nn-pI, aqVsc he-bn hogvpI!
aqew: \maw ]n X Akplw tPW \nZnTmCu an-]-m-bo. tPknw AWp-kw-KmD
[oWhn tlmC ]mh aC (Sn. 2.27)
kw. Aw : ssP\-a-X-n\p hncp--amb
[-sfmw a\p-jysc ]m]n-If
- m-p-h
- b
- mWv, AXn-\m ap-a-X--sfmpw hniz-knmsX ssP\aX-n hniz-kn-p--XmWv
t{ijvTw.
kao- - I : Fm- h - t cmSpw sshcw,
hntcm[w, Cujy, \n apX-emb ZpjvI-fpsS kmK-c-n app--XmWv ssP\[a-sav CXn\np sXfn-bp-p. ssP\n-Isf-tmse ]c-aX-\n sNp--hcpw A[anI-fp-ambn amcpw Dm-hn-. Hcp hiv asm-h-tcbpw \nn-p-I. adp-h-iv kzbw AXn{]-iwk sNpI Fnh iT-m-cpsS ]Wnbt? hnth-I-ap--h, GXp aX-n-te-bp-amIs, \Xv \-sXpw No No-sb-pat ]dbq?
aqew: lml KpcpA AIPvQ kmao
\lp An I ]p-cntam, Il PnW
hb\ Il kpKpcp kmhbm Il Cb
AIPvQw (Sn. 2. 35)
kw. AYw:- kh hN-\-amb Pn\-`mjn-X-fpw ssP\-k-Zv-Kp-cp--mcpw ssP\[ahpw FhnsS? CXn\p hn]-co-X-amb A\y-
333
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
kw. AYw: awK- f - { ]- X o \inv ,
[mjvSy-tmsS hPy-amb ZpjvSm-Nm-c-
am{Xw sNp--Xn AXn-N-Xp-c-cmb ZpjvS-tcmsSp ]d-bm-\mWv? Fp-sN-m-\mWv. Ah
C ssIp ISn-p--h-cmWv. D]-Imcw sNp- h sc sImp- X n- p- - h - s c- t m- s e- b mWv
ZpKp-cp--m. Ahp-]-I-cw sNp-Xv
kzbw \miw hcp-nh-bv-em-Wv. AXn-\m
Ah-cn\nvI-n-cn-p-I.
kao--I: ssP\n-I-sf-tmse ap-hcpw Nnn-n-cp-s-n ssP\v Fp
ZpK-Xn-bm-Ip-am-bn-cpp! Bcpw Ahsc klmbn-p-I-bns-n Fp IjvS-m-Sp-mIpw!
aph-cpsS nXnbpw CXp-X-s-bm-sWv
Ah Fp-sImv Icp-Xp-n!
aqew: Pl-Pl XpC [tm Pl-Pl
ZpSvTmW tlmC ACDZDw, ka-n-SvTn-Pn-bmWw
Xl-Xl D-kC kaw (Sn. 2. 42)
kwx AYw: Zi-\-{`-jvS-cpw, hnhn[ BNmc-mcpw ap-amb ZpjvS-hn-{]-m-cpsS ]qPm-kev m- c - fn Ah- c psS inbpw apw
hnp-s-nepw ssP\m-flm--fpsS kayKvZr-jvSn-I-fmb Pohm-flm--fpsS kayzw
hntijm shfn-hmIps-Xv hfsc Bcyw-X-s!
kao- - I : Cu ssP\tc- m- f - [ nIw
Cujybpw tZzjhpw sshc-_p-nbpw thsd
Bs-n-ep-aptm Fp t\mq. ap aX- f nepw Cujym- t Zz- j m- Z n- I - f p- s - nepw
ssP\n-If
- n-ept]mse Fp-an-. tZzjw ]m]ns Imc-W-am-Wv. Atm ssP\-a-X-n
]m]m-N-cWw D-Xn-e-pX-an-.
aqew: kwtKmhn PmW AlnD tXknw
[m-CtP ]In apqW tNmc-kwKw
Icn tXtNm-cnbw ]mhm (Sn. 2, 75)
kw. AYw:- CXns apJy {]tbm-P\w
CXm-Wv: Imcp-ambn kwkK-ap--h
\mkn-Im-tOZ\w apX-emb in-I Imcyam-m--Xp-t]mse ssPt\-X-c-amb I aX-fn D-h kzw A[x-]-X-\s KWyam-p-n-.
kao--I: XstmsebmWv ap--hscv a\p-jy Icp-Xp-p. ap aX--sfmw
\nIr-jvShpw ssP\-aXw am{Xw D-a-sapw
334
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
app--h-cp-am-Wv. Fs-m B tZh-m-cn
\nv Fmw Inp-sav Ah hniz-kn-bpw
hoX-cm-K-cmb ssP\-cn\nv AIp t]mIbpw sNpw.
kao- - I : ap- - h - c psS tZham
sIm-cp-Xm--hcpw X-fp-tSXv t{ijvT-cp-amsWp ]d-bp-Xv ]-]m-X-am-Wv. hma-amKnI-fpsS tZh-m-sc \ntj-[n-p-tms
"{im-Zn-\-IrXyw' hiw 46 Cs\sbgp-Xnbn-cn-pp:- ""imk\ tZhn cm{Xn-bn `Ww
Ign Hcp-hs sNInv ASn-p-Ibpw IpNq-gvs-Spv ]Icw BSns Ip shp-sImSp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu tZhn Fp-sImv
lnwk-m-cn-b? cXv\-kmcw Hmw `mKw 67mw hiv ""acp-X-tZhn {]Xn-a-bmbn \npsImv hgn-t]m-sc klm-bn-s''v Fgp-Xnbn- pv . Cu tZhntbbpw \ntj- [ n- m- sXv?
aqew: Inwtkmw]n PWWn PmHm PmtWm
PW-WnInw KHm hnnw PC an-cHm PmHm
KptWkp Xl aOcw hlC (Sn. 2.81)
kw. AYw: ssP\- h n- c p- - c m- b anYymaXm Fn\v P-sa-Spp? P\ns-nepw
hfn-sv? AXm-bXv io{Lw \in-m
\mbn Fw.
k-ao--I: Ch-cpsS hoX-cmK`mjn-X-amb
Zbm-[aw t\mq. ap aX-m Pohn-p-It]mepw AcpXv! Ch-cpsS Zb shdpw ]d-n
am{XamWv. Ds-ns a\p-jy-tcm-S,
p{Z-P-p--tfmSpw arK--tfmSpw am{X-am-Wv.
aqew: kpt at-Pmbm kqtlW Kn
kp aw-an. tP ]pW Aa-P
- mbm at Kw
XntX Nppw (Sn 2. 83)
kw. AYw: ssP\-Ip-e-n P\n--h
apn {]m]n-m BivNcy-an-. ssP\-c-m
anYymaX-m-cm-sc-nepw apn {]m]n-m
AXv henb B-cy-am-Wv. CXn-Yw, ssP\nI-f-m-Xmcpw ap--cm-hp-I-bn, A\y \c-Inte t]mIq Fm-Wv.
kao--I: ssP\-a-X-n ZpjvScpw \cI-Km-an-I-fp-ant? Fm-hcpw apn -{]m-]npw.
amcpw {]m]n--bn! CXv shdpw t]]-d-net? Adn-hn-m--h-cm-sc-nepw CXv hnizkn-t-pw.
335
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
h-cpsS Dbbpw sFiz-cyhpw kln-m-bvIbm-em-Wn-hv tcmam--ap-m-Ip--Xv. ChcpsS sFizcyw Xpw Zmcn{Zyw Ahpw
e`n--Wsam-Wm-{Klw! cmPm--bpsS DZml- c Ww \ev I p- Xv Ch I- { ]- i wk
sNp-hcpw `ocp-f
- p-am-bX
- p-sImmWv. cmPmhns I--chpw AwKo-I-cn--W-satm?
Cujybpw tZzjhpw ssP\n- I - s f- t mse
amp-ta-bn-.
aqew:- tPm tZC kp [w tkm]-c-am
Pbn \lp Atm Inw I-p kcntkm
Cbc Xcq tlmC If-bmhn (Sn. 2. 101)
kw. Aw: ssP\-[a-hn-cp- aqV-mcm-Wv. ssPt\-{ Acp-fnb [as D]-tZin-p kw\ym-knbpw Krl-\pw {KImhpw Xo- - c p Xpey- c m- W v .
Ahp Xpey-cmbn Bcp-an-.
kao--I:- Fp-sIm-n? _me-_p-nI-f-m-bn-cp-s-n ssP\ CsXmpw hnizknv Ccn-p-Ib
- n-m-bn-cp-p. thiy-bpsS Bfl{]-iw-k-t]m-se-bm-Wn-Xv.
aqew: aqe PnWnZw tZthm X-bWw KpcpPWw alm-k-bmWw tkkw ]mh-SvTmWw ]ca-mWwN htan (Sn. 2 103)
kw. Aw: Pot\-{-tZ-h-t\bpw, At-lns knm---tfbpw, ssP\aX-ns
D]- t Z- j v S m- - t fbpw XyPn- p- Xv ssP\nIp-Nn-X-a-.
kao--I: CXv ssP\n-I-fpsS imTyw,
]-]mXw, Am\w Fn-h-bpsS ^e-a-sn ]ns-mWv? Fm ssP\n-I-fpsS
GXm\pw Nne-Im-cy-sfm-gnsI as-mw-Xs
XymPy-am-Wv. Ipd-s-nepw _pn-bp-h
- , ChcpsS Znhy-{K---tfbpw D]-tZ-jvSm--tfbpw
Iv, tIv, Nnn-p ]w XyPnp If-bpI-Xs sNpw.
aqew: hbtW hn kpKpcp PnW-h
- l
-
tIknw \ D-kC kw, Al Il ZnW-aWn
tXbw Dep BWw lc-CA
- w-[w (Sn. 2. 108)
kw. Aw:- ssP\-h-N-\-n\v A\p-Iqe-ambn \S-p--h ]qPy\pw hncp- A]qPy-\p-am-W.v ssP\-Kp-cp-sf am\n-p-Is
- b-m
ap--hsc am\n-m-bvI-bm-Wv.
kao- - I :- av Am- \ n- I sf arKtftmse ssP\ injy-cmn _n-mXn-cp-m. Ah c-s]v kzw apnamKw At\z-jn-p-am-bn-cp-p. Bsc-nepw
\nsf ZpKp-cp-shtm ZpamKnsbtm,
Xn-p-Im-c-s\tm Zpcp-]-tZ-jvSm-sh-tm, hnfnm F{Xtbm ZpxJ- a p- m- I pw? \n
A\yv Ccw ZpxJ-ap-m-p-h
- c
- m-Ib
- m
\nfpsS aX-n hf-sc-tbsd \nm-c-Imcy- \nd-n-cn-p-p.
aqew:- tP c-[m-\-CuWw ImcW`qb
lhwXn hmhmcm. tX hnlp AC-]m-_-bm
[m NUvVwXn `h-Znb (Sn. 2. 119)
kw. Aw:- arXyp-]-cyw ZpxJ-ap-mbmepw, Irjn-hym-]m-cm-Zn-I ssP\ sNpItb Acp-Xv. Fs-m Ch \c-I
- n-tep
\bn-phbm-Wv.
kao--I:- \n-sf-n\v hym]m-cm-Zn-I
sNppshv C\n \n-fm-sc-nepw ssP\nI-tfmSp tNmZn-Ww. Ah-cn-Xp-t]-n-m-sX-mWv? Dt]-n-m PohnXw Akm-[y-amIpw. \n-fpsS D]-tZiw tIv ap--hcpw Dt]n-m \n Fp `n-p Pohn-pw.
Ccw A\m-Nm-c- D]-tZ-inp IqSm--XmWv . Fp- s N- m! hnZybpw kw- K hpw
CmsX ]mh- hmbn tXmn-b-sXmw
Pev]n-pI-bm-Wv.
aqew: X Cbm lamW Alam Imc-W-clnbm A\mW KtW tP P]wXn Dpw
tXknw Zzn n ]wUnw (Sn. 2. 121)
kw. AYw:- ssP\m-Ka
-
- p hncp-a
- mb
imkv{X-sf AwKo-I-cn-p--h A[-a-cn-e-[a- c m- W v. Fs- nepw t\- a p- m- I p- s ant]mepw ssP\-aX-n\p hncpambn ]dbp-Itbm tIp-Itbm ]mSn-. Fs-nepw
{]tbm-P\
- a
- p-m-bmepw A\y-aX
-
- sf XyPn-Ww.
kao--I:- \n-fpsS ]qn-I apX
Ctm-gp--h hsc A\y-a-X-sf Zpjn-p-Isb--msX asmpw sNbvXn-n- sNp-I-bpan- . ssP\, Xcw Inp- n- S- s mw h
{]tbm-P-\hpw knn-p-sap Im, BcptSbpw injyXzw kzoI-cn-p-I-f-bpw. ]ns
Cs\ h Imcy ]d-bp--Xn e-
336
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
bn-m--Xm-W-pXw! IjvSw Xs.
aqew: Pw hoc- P n- W mPnH anc Cu
Dp tek-tZ-k-WHm kmKc tImUm-tIm
Unw lnUw C AC-`o-a-`h h-ct. (Sn. 2. 112)
kw. Aw: ssP\n-I-fn D-Xp-t]mse
R-fnepw [a-ap-sv Bcm\pw ]d-bp-]w tImSm-\p-tImSn hjw Abm \c-In InS-nv \oN-P--sa-Sp-pw.
kao: _te-t`jv! hnZym-i-{Xp-tf!
\n-fpsS anYym-h-N-\-sf Bcpw Jfin-cp-sXp hnNm-cn-t Cu `b--c-hmIyw FgpXn-h-Xv? AXv Akw-`-hy-am-Wv. \nsf F{Xam-{X-am-Wp-]-tZ-in-pI! ap--hsc Bt]npw Ak-Xy- {]N-cn-npw XImcyw
t\Sm IsInbn-cn-p \nXv hc{]-km-Z-amWv!
aqew: Zqtc IcWw Zqcn kmlWw Xl
]`m-hW Zqtc PnW-[ k-lmWw ]n XncI-Zp-c-ImC \nSvT-hC.
kw. Aw: ssP\-[-s
- fmpw A\pjvTn-n-s-nepw ""ssP\-[w kXyw asmw
anYy'' Fp am{Xw {im-]qw ]d-bp
]w Abm ZpxJ-sf XcWw sNpw.
kao-: aqV-msc he-bn s]Sp-m
CXn-ep-]-cn-sb-p-thWw? Fs-m Hpw
sNt-. apn X\ntb Inpw! CXn-e-[nIw
Am-\-bp--amb aXtaXmWpXv!
aqew: Ifbm tlmln Znhtkm Pfbm
kpKq-cpW ]mb aqen Dp tek-hn-keh clnHm \nkp-tWkp PnW-[cvw
kw. Aw: ""ssP\-{K-- am{Xw
tIpw. Dq-{X- AYhm A\y-a-X-{K- {ihn-p-Itb C'' Fn-s\ a\-n
{im-]qw hnNm-cn-m aXn. ZpxJ-km-K-cn \np Ic-I-bdmw.
kao-: CXpw km[p-sf he-bn
hogvm-\p--Xm-Wv. B hnNmcwsImv ZpxJkm-K-c-n- \np Ib-dp-I-bn-. ]q-P-nse kn-X-]m-]--fpsS ZpxJ-cq-]n-bmb
^e- A\p-`-hnp Xot ]q. Ccw
hnZym-hn-cp--amb Imcy- Fgp-Xn-h-bvm-Xncp-s-n thZm-Zn-im-kv{X- Ipw-tIpw
kXym-k-Xy--f-dnv Ch-cpsS Ahn-Zym-cq-
337
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
Xv? CXpw Abp--a-t? k-\- ]ckv]cw kvt\l-tmsS hn-p-Ibpw ZpjvSmv inWw \evIn- kp-in-n-X-cm-pIbpw sNp-p. {_m-W, {XnZ-WvUn-I ]cn{hmP- I m- N m- c y- m AYhm Xm]- k ,
kw\ymknI apX-em-b-h-scmw ssP\-cpsS
i{Xp--fm-sWv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-p.64 t\mq.
Fm-h-tcbpw i{Xp-`m-h-n ImWp-Ibpw
\nn-p-Ibpw BsW-n ssP\-cpsS Zbm-am-Zn-[a-- FmWv? A\ysc tZzjn-p-Xn-t\-m henb lnwk-bn-. ssP\n-I-tftmse tZzj-aqn-I hf-sc-p-dt ImWq.
lcn-l-cm-Zn-h-I kn-]m-X-Pz-c-mcpw AhcpsS [aw hnj-Xp-ey-hp-am-sWpw Fgp-Xn-bncn-p-p. 65 Ej-`-tZ-h apX alm-ho-c
hsc-bp 24 XoY--c-m cmKn-Ifpw tZzjnIfpw h-Icpw ssP\ kn-]m-X-Pz-c-mcpw
Ah- c psS [aw \c- I hpw hnj- X p- e yhpw
BsWp ]d- m ssP\v F{X
AkpJw tXmpw? AXn-\m ssP\ \n,
]c-a-X-tZzjw Fo alm-t-i--fns]v Dgep-I-bm-Wv. Ch ]cn-Xy-Pn-m \v.
aqew: GtKm BKpcq GtKm hnkm-hKo
tNZ AWn hnh-lmWn, X bPw PnW-Zw
]cp-cw Xw \ hnn (Sn. 2. 150)
kw. AYw: Fm `- m- c p- t Sbpw
ssZhhpw Kpcphpw [ahpw HpXs, ssNXyh-\w AYhm ssP\-_nw-_
- , t{X-
hkvXp- Fnh kwc-n-t-Xpw ssP\{]-Xn-a-Isf ]qPn-t-Xpw [a-am-Wv.
kao--I: t\mq hn{Klm-cm-[-\-bpsS
_lfw XpS- n- b Xp ssP\cn \nm- W v .
A-hn-izm-k--fpsS Cun-hpw -ssP-\-aXw
Xs.
hn{K-lm-cm-[-\m-co-Xn-I
{im-Zn-\-IrXyw F {K-ns Hmw
hiv hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS {]amWw ImWmw.
t\mpI:
1 \h-ImtcW hnthmtlm. 2. A\p-k-cWw
kmhD 3. hbnPw Cta 4 tPmtKm 5. Nnb-h-WtKm 6. b-c-JmWw Xphnln ]pOw.
338
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
Pv R en \S- n- b m cmPyw Inp- s a- n
Ap ]Ww hoXw apSn ]pjv]m\
sNbvXv temIw apgp-h kzw cmPy-am-m-sXmWv? Fn\v in-I A\p-`-hn-pp?
hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-sImv kwkm-c-km-Kcw XcWw
sNm-sa-n, m\w, kayKvZi\w, kz`mhw Fn-h-sb-n\v?
Ahn-sSs 13-mw t]Pn Fgp-Xpp:-
""tKmX-as tamXn-c-n AarXw, kvac-WsImv Cm-{]m]vXn''
kao--I:- A-s\-bm-sWn ssP\scmw Aa-cXzw {]m]n--W-am-bn-cp-p. As\-bm-hp-n-. CsXmw Asc {]tem-`nn- m\p AS- h p- I - f m- W v . AmsX CXnsempw Hcp Xzhp-an-.
Ahn-Ss 52-mw t]Pn ]qPn-m-\p
tmIw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-pp:
Pe-N-\ (]p-jv])- [q-]ss\cY
Zo]mX ssIcvss\-thZy- hkvss{Xx, D]-Nm-c-hssccvhbw Pnt\-{m cpNnssc c Zy apZm
bPm atl.
""R Pew, N-\w, Acn, ]pjv]w, [q]w,
Zo]w, ss\thZyw, hkv{Xw, AXn-t{ijvT D]Nm-c- Fn-h-bm ssPt\-{sc XoYcsc ]qPn-mw.''
kao--I: CXp-sIm-mWv hn{K-lm-cm[\bpsSbmcw`w ssP\-cn \nm-sWp ]d- X v . hnthI- k m- c - ns 21- mw hiv
""ssP\-t-{X-n tamlw IS-p-I-bn-, `hkm-K-c-n-\--c-I-S-p--Xm-WXv'' Fpw 5152 hi-fn ""hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-sImv apnbp-m-Ipp. ssP\-t-{X-n t]mbm
kZvKp-W- ssIhcpw Fpw Pe-N--\m-ZnI-fm XoYc-msc ]qPn-p--h \cIw
shSnv kzKspsapw 55-mw hiv
ssP\- t - { X- n Ej- ` - t Z- h apX- e mb
Xo--c-msc ]qPn-p--hv [am
Imatam-- knn-p-sapw 61-mw hiv
ssP\-hn-{K-l
- ]qPn-m PK-nse khhn[ ti-fpw hnsm-gn-bp-sapw Fgp-Xn-bnp-v.
kao--I: AhnZymbp--amb Akw`yh-Im-cy- ]d-bp-Xp tIq. ]m]mZn
ZpjvIa-fpw apw Cs\ shSn-bm-sa-n
339
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
hnZzm-m-cp-ambn _-an-msX hcp--Xp-\nanw aqV-Xbpw hnpw. 11-mw kapmkn Fgp-Xnb tZmj- Fm hn{K-lmcm[- \ - mpw _m[- I - a m- W v . AXp- t ]mse
ssP\n-I hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-sb67 t]cn ImnIq-p t]q-p-I t]mse Ah-cpsS a{fpw Htsd Akw-`-hy-Imcy- Fgp-Xn-hn-p-v. cXv\-kmcw F {K-ns Hmw
hiv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p a{w t\mp-I:-
""\tam Acn- l w- X mWw \tam knmWw
\tam Bb-cn-bmWw D_vP-Qm-bWw \tam
tem G k kmlq-Ww. Gtkm ]- \-apmtcm kcv]
- m-h
- W
- m-ktWm awK-em-NW
- w
N ktknw ]Vaw lhC awK-eav.'' Cu
a{-n\v henb amlm-fly-ap-t{X. Fm
ssP\- c p- s Sbpw Kpcp- a - { - a m- W nXv . CXns
amlmflyw hWn-n-cn-p-Xp Im ]pcmW- - f nepw X{- f nepw \mS- I - - f nepw
apap IY-I tXmp-t]m-Ipw.
{im-Zn-\-IrXyw aqmw-h-iv C{]-Imcw
ImWpp: \ap-mcw XD ]tV (9) PhpIpw awXm-WawtXm]-ctam -C-apn t[bmW-t[bw ]caw Cap-n. Xm-W-Xw
]caw ]hnw kwkmc kmW Zplm
CbmWw (10) XmWw Aw\wXp t\m An
PohmWw `h-km-btc. _ppw XmWw Caw
appw \ap-mcw kpt]m-]-bav (11) Iw,
At-K-Pw Xckw NnBWw ZplmWw
kmcocn Aam-Wp-km-Wp-km-W-av. Itmb
`mW `nh--\mtkm \ Pmh-]tm \hIm-catm. (12)
Aw: Cu a{- ]hn-{X--fmb ]caa-{--f
- mWv. [ym\-tbm-Ky-am-bh
- b
- n t{ijvTam-Wv. Xz-f
- n Xz-am-Wv. kap-{Z-n\c-I-S-p-hm \uI F{]-Im-ctam A{]-Im-c-amWv, ZpxJ-]o-Un-X-amb kwkmcw XcWw sNphm Pohm-flm-o \h-Im-c-a-{w. (9-10)
\uIbvv Xpey-am-Wv. CXns\ shSn-bp-h kwkm-c-km-K-c-n apntm-Ip-p.
CXns\ {Kln- p- - h - c m- I s ZpxJ- sf
XcWw sNp-p. Pohm-flm-sf ZpxJ-n
\n-In, kh-]m-]hpw \in-nv, apn-Im-cW-am-bn-p-Xv Cu a{-a-msX asm-n-. (11)
340
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
II-mepw:- hnth-I-kmcw 228-mw ]pdv
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-p. ""Hcp ssP\ kw\ymkn
tImi-sb thiy-bp-ambn kwt`mKw sNbvXXn-\p-tijw XymKn-bmbn kzK-temIw {]m]np. - h n- t h- I - k mcw 101- mw ]pdv Cs\
ImWmw. AW-I ap\n Nmcn-{X-cl
- n-X\
- mbn hfsc- h jw Z- t k- ns hon hnjbt`mK sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw tZh-tem-Ip-t]mbn. {ioIr-jvWs ]p{X\mb VwVW-ap-\nsb Ipdp-n ]nSnnsImpt]m-bn.
]ns Abm tZh-\m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
hnth-I-kmcw 158-mw ]pdv ""ssP\-kw\ymkn Nn-[mcn thj-[mcn am{X-am-bmepw
ip-N-cn-Xt\m Zp-cn-Xt\m Bbmepw {imhI ]qPn--Ww.'' Fs-gp-Xn-bn-cn-pp 168-mw
]pdv ""ssP\-km[p Zp-cn-X-\m-bmepw A\ya-X-nse kw\ym-kn-am-tc-m t{ijvT-\mWv.'' Fs-gp-Xn-bn-p-v. 171-mw ]pd-n-s\
ImWmw: ssP\-km[p Zpcm-Nm-cnbpw Nmcn-{Xylo-\\pw BsW-nepw {imh-I At-ls
tkhn-p-sImWw.'' 216mw ]pdv: "Hcp
I Ap ]nSn apSn ]dnv Nmcn-{Xy-{K-lWw
sNbvXv hfsc IjvS-s-Sp-Ibpw ]m--]n-pIbpw sNbvXp. Bdmw amk-n tIh-em\w {]m]nv kn-\mbn'' Fp ImWmw.
kao-: Cu kw\ym-kn-I-fp-tSbpw Krl-m-cp-tSbpw eoem-hn-emkw t\mp-I. alm
Zpjv I r- X y- sNbv X npw kZv K Xn {]m]pht{X!
hnth-I-kmcw 106mw ]pdv Fgp-Xn-bn-cnpp: ""{ioIr-jvW aqmw \c-I-n
t]mbn'' 145""[\z- cn \c- I - n
t]mbn''.148 tPmKn, PwK-a-Im-Pn, apm Fnh Am- \ - n s]v , hfsc X]p
sNbvXnpw bmX\ A\p-`-hn-npw ZpKXn
{]m]np Fsmw Fgp-Xn-bn-p-v.
cXv\-kmcw Hmw `mKw 170mw hiv FgpXn-bn-cn-pp: HXv hmkp-tZ-h-m AXmbXv {Xn]r-jvT-hm-kp-tZ-h, Zzn]r-jvT-hm-kp-tZh, kzbw-`q-hm-kp-tZ-h, ]pcp-tjm--a-hm-kptZ-h, knwl-]p-cp-j-hm-kp-tZ-h, ]pcp-j-]pWvUc
- o-Ih
- m-kp-tZ-h, Z-hm-kp-tZ-h, evaW-hm-kp-tZ-h, {ioIrjvWhm-kp-tZ-h Fnh-scmw ]Xn-s\m-v, ]{-v, ]Xn-\m-ev, ]Xn-
341
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
cXv\-kmcw Hmw `mKw 23-24 hi--fn
Cs\ ImWmw. ""alm-ho-c-XoY--c KuXa-t\mSp ]d-bp-p: Duz-tem-I-n kn
ine Fsmcp e-apv AXv kzK-]p-cnp
apI-fn \mev-p tbmN\ \of-n,
A{X-Xs hnkvXm-c-n Fp-tbm-P\ hn D-Xm-Wv. AXv app-am-etbm, ]ip-hn]men-t\-m shbpw {]Im-i-hp-ap-Xm-Wv. kz-t-m Xnf-hpw ImSn-tb-m \na-e-hp-am-Wv. CXv ]Xn-\memw
temI-ns apI`m-K-m-Wv. AXn\p apIfn inh-]p-cs
- a m\-ap-v. AXnepw ap]p-cp-j-m Xmn-msX hkn-p-p. AhnsS
P\\acW ZpxJ-f
- n-. B\-t- a-bp-q. hopa-h P\-\-a-c-W-fn hcp-n-. Fm I-fn\npw ap-cm-W-h.'' CXt{X ssP\cpsS apn.
kao--I:- A\y-a-X-n kzK-hW\
]e-X-c-nepv. ssIemkw, sshIpWvTw,
{io]pcw, tKmtemIw apX-em-bh ]pcm-W
-- -fptSbpw, \memw BImiw {InkvXym-\n-If
- p-tSbpw
Ggmw BImiw apow---fp-tSbpw apn-m\-am-Wv. AXp-t]m-se-X-s-bt ssP\n-I-fpsS
kn-in-e-bpw inh-]p-cn-bpw? apI-fn Fp
ssP\n-I ]d-bp-nSw AXn\p apI-fn-ep-hv Xmsg-bm-bn-cn-pw. `qan-bn \apv Xmsg
]mphv \mw Bt]n-I-ambn Xmsgbm- W v . apIfpw Xmtgbpw hyh- m- ] nX
]Zm--f-. Bcym-h-nse ssP\nI apI-fn-sep ]d-bp-nSw Ata-cnmhmknIv Xmsg-bm-Wv. Xmsg-sbp ]d-bp-nSw
Ahv apI-fn-epam-Wv. B ine \mev]--pe--ns Ccn, sXmq-dp-ew -tImiw
hep-Xm-sW-nepw icn AXnse ap _\- n- e m- W v . B inebv p ]pd- n- d - ntmbm Ah-cpsS apn Cm-Xm-bntmIp-atm. AXp-t]mse Ftmgpw AXn Ccn-p-Xn {]oXnbpw ]pd-p-t]m-Ip-X
- n A{]oXnbpw -D-m-Ipw. {]oXnbpw A{]o-Xnbpw DXns\ apn Fp ]d-bm-\m-Iptam? HXmw
kap-m-k
- n hn-ncn-p Xc-n-emWv
apnsbv Icp-Xp-X
- mWv icn. ssP\n-If
- psS
apn Hcp-Xcw _-\-am-Wv. apn hnj-bn ssP\cpw {`a-Pm-e-n s]n-cn-p-I-bmWv.
icn- b mb
thZm- m- \ - n-
342
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
-dnv hn-p-hm hcth, t{iWn-Is
IpXn-c-bpsS Nhn-tv acnv ip`-[ym-\-tbm-Km Zp-cm- F ha-l-Xz--fp
tZh- \ mbn. m\- i - n- b m Fs
kmn[yw Adnv hcn-Ibpw amlmflyw {]ISn-nv, hnv aS-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
kao--I: C{]-Im-c-ap Akw-`-hy-an-YyI ]d-bp alm-ho-cs\ kthm--a-s\p
Icp-Xp--Xn Ihn alm-{`mv as-pp!
{im-Zn\ IrXyw 36-mw ]pdv Fgp-Xpp:
""acn--hs hkv{Xw kw\ymkn FSp--s.''
kao--I: t\mq! kw\ymkn alm-{_m-W-\v70 Xpey-\mbn! hkv{Xw kw\ym-knv!
B`-cWw Bp-Xv? hne-Iq-Sp-X-ep--Xn\m hon hbvp-am-bn-cn-pw. Atm
kw\ym-knv Fp ]Zhn?
cXv\k
- mcw Hmw-`mKw 105-mw ]pdv ImWpXv: ""hd-p-Ibpw CSn-p-Ibpw s]mSn-pIbpw ]mIw sNp-Ibpw sNp--Xn ]m]ap-v.''
kao- - I : Ch- c psS Adn- h n- mbv a
t\mq. Cu Ia--sfmpw sNbvXn-s-n
a\p-jy-cpw apw Fs\ Pohn-pw? ssP\nIfpw ]WvUn-X-cmbn Np-t]m-hp-I-tb-bp-q.
cXv\-kmcw Hmw `mKw 104-mw ]pdv FgpXn-bn-cn-p-Xv t\mpI: ""]qtmw Dmn-bm tXm-m-c\v Hcp-ew ]m]w DmIpw.''
kao--I: tXm-m-c\v ew ]m]-apm-bmepw At\Iw Pohn-Iv Ce-Ifpw ]gfpw ]qfpw sImv B\w e`npw.
Atm tImSn-]p-Wyhpw e`npw. CXp ImWp-tX-bn-. CsX{X AX-bmWv!
Xz-hn-thIw 202-mw ]pdv Fgp-Xn-bn-cnpp:- ""e_v[n F kw\ymkn Adn-bmsX
Hcp thiym-Kr-l
- n sNp-Ib
- dn. [-t_m[\w \Sn `n. bmNn-p. ChnsS [asampw C. AYw-sIm-p CS-]m-Sp-I-tfbp-q Fmbn thiy. e_v[n71 DS-s\-Xs
tizXmw-_-ccpw ZnKw-_-ccpw
C\n Ch-cpsS kw-\ymknamcpsS eWw
FgpXmw:-
1. ""kc-tPm-l-cWm ss` -`qtPm epnX
aqcvPmx, tizXmw- _ cmx am- i oem
\nxkwKm ssP\-km-[hx.
2. epnXmx ]nnIm lkvXmx ]mWn]m{Xm ZnKw- _ cmx Dcv zm- i nt\m Krtl
ZmXpcvZzn-Xobmx. kypcvPn-\cvjbx
3. `pMvt \ tIheo \ kv{Xo tamtaXn ZnKw-_cmx, {]mlp-tc-jm-abw t`tZm
alm tizXmw-_sscx kl.72
ssP\-kw-\ym-kn-am-cpsS eWw ]d-bphm Pn\-Z kqcn cNn--XmWo tmI-
kctPm lcWx =Nmacw [cn-pI `n-sbSpv `n-p-I, Xe-bnse tcm-a ep\w
(]n-gp-sX-Sp-p-I) sNp-I. tizX-hkv{Xw [cnp- I , a- t bmsS Pohn- p- I , BtcmSpw
kwkK-an-m-Xn-cn-pI Fo e-W
- f
- p
ssP\n-Isf tizXmw-_-c Fpw PXn-I
Fpw ]d-bp-p.
cm-a-tXv ZnKw-_-c. Ch hkv{Xw [cnp-n-. Xe-apSn ]ngpXp If-bp-Ibpw ssIhiw
Hcp tcma-qev hbvp-Ibpw Bsc-nepw `n\-evIn-bm In hmn `n-p-Ibpw sNpp. Cu ZnKw-_-c asm-cp-Iq-w kw\ym-kn-am-
343
72. kh-Zi-\k
- w-{Klw Bl-XZi\w tmIw 10-12
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
cmWv. -`n\evIp Krl- `n-n-cp-tijw am{Xw `n-p--h-cmWv Pn\jn-I
Fp ]d-bp aqm-as
- -Iqw kw\ym-kn-I
ZnKw-_-ccpw tizXmw-_-ccpw Xn C{Xtb
t`Z-ap-q. ZnKw-_-c kv{XoIv apn-bns ]-m-cmWv. tizXmw-_-c Ds
]-mcpw. Ch Hbvv `n-p--h-cp-a. ssP\-cpsS tIi-ep-\w kh{X {]kn-amWv. Ap-]nSn apSn ]ngWw Fpw apw
Fgp-Xn-h-n-p-v. hnth-I-kmcw 216mw hiv
""Ap -]nSn apSn ]ngpXv Nmcn{Xyw {Kln-p.
AXm-bXv Ap ]nSn apSn ]ngpXv kw\ym-knbm-bn'' Fp ImWp-p. Iev]-kq-{X-`mjyw 108mw ]pdv tIi-ep-\w sNbvXv ]ip-hns
tcmaw-t]mse Bp-I Fs-gp-Xn-bn-p-v.
kao--I:- ssP\ ]d-bs \n-fpsS
Zb F -[w FhnsS t]mbn? CXv lnwkbt? X\ntb BIs Kpcp-hm-Is, am-cm-\pam-Is Fp IjvS-X-bmWv Cu ep-\wsImv B Poh A\p-`h
- n-pXv! Pohn-Isf
thZ-\n-n-p--Xn-\mWv lnwk-sbp ]d-bp-Xv.
hnth-I-kmcw 78 hi-fn Fgp-Xn-bn-cnpp:- hn{I-am-_vZw 1633emWvtiz-Xmw-_cn\nv VqwVnb F Iqcpw Ah-cn\nv
tXcm-]-n-I F hn`m-Khpw Dm-b-Xv.
VqwVn-b-I hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-m-c-. `Ww
kv\m\w Fn-h-sbm-gnsI kZm Hcp XpWn-jWwsImv hmb aqSn-s-p-p. PXn-I apXem-b-h ]pkvXIw hmbn-p-tm hmaq-Sn-sp-p. ap ka-b--fn sIp-n-.
tNmZyw: hmbvaqSn sIt-X
- p-Xs. Fsm hmbp Imb-n AXm-bXv hmbp-hn
kqv a - i - c o- c - - f mb Pohn- I Dv . Ah
hmbn\nv hcp NqSn Np-t]m-Ipw.
AXns ]m]w apJv XpWn-sI-m--hpm-Ipw. AXn-\m apJv XpWn-sI-p-Xp
Xs-bmWv \-Xv.
Dcw: CXv Adn-hn-sbpw -{]-Xy-mZn
{]am-W--fp-sSbpw shfn--n bp-a-.
Poh hm-Iytam arXypthm Cm--XmWv.
AXn-\m hmbnse NqSp-sImv Ah acn-pI- b n- . Poh C- c - n- e p- - X m- s Wv
\nfpw AwKo-I-cn-p-p--tm.
344
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
[m- fl m- - s I- m- - h - c m- W v . IqSmsX
XpWn-sI-n-bm A-c- th-hw Dcn-p-hm Ign-bp-I-bn-. A\p-\m-kn-I-a-m
A-c- A\p-\m-kn-I-ambn D-cn-p--XpsIm-p tZmjhpw \np-m-Ipw. XpWnsI-p-X
- p-sImv ZpK-hpw hn-pw. icoc- n- \ p- n ZpK- - a m- W p- - X v . ico- c n\np t]mIp hmbp ZpKbp-amIp--Xp-sImv CXv {]-Xy--amWv. AXns\
XS-bp--Xp-sImv ZpKw hn-pw. ASn iuNm-ebw IqSpX ZpK--ap-Xpw
Xpd-Xv Ipd-hp--Xp-am-bn-cn-p--Xp-t]mse
hmbv XpWn-sIn ]p-tX-bvmsX, IpfnmsX, ap--e-msX \S-p-Xpw sImv
\n-fpsS ico-c-n IqSp-X ZpK-hpw
temI-n hnhn[ tcmK--fp-mbn PohnIv ]oU-bp-m-Ip--Xp-sIm-p ]m]w
\nv Inpw.
taf-I-fnepw apw ZpKw hnv hnjqNn-Ibpw apw ]Sp-]n-Snv Pohn-I ZpxJnp-p. ZpKw Ipd-bpw-tXmdpw tcmKhpw
Ipdbpw. Pohn-Iv ]oU-Ip-d-bpw. AXn-\m
IqSp-X ZpKw han-n-p \n A]cm-[n-Ifpw hmbvaq-SmsX, ]p-tX-p-Ibpw Ipfnp-Ibpw ap-e-p-Ibpw apw sNp--h
\ntfm \-hc
- p-am-Wv. Ay-Pc
- psS ZpK-hp-ambn kl-h-kn-p--Xn \n-Ip
\nevp-Xv hfsc \-XmWv. kl-h-kn-p-h-cpsS _pn ]hn-{X-ambncn-p-n-. AXpt]mse \n-t fmSp kl-h -k n-p-- h - cpsS
_pnbpw hnp- n- . tcmKm- [ n- I yhpw
_pn-lo-\Xbpw Dm-bm [am-\p-jvSm-\n\v - _m[-Ia
- m-Ipw. AXp-t]m-se-bmhmw, ZpK-bp--cmb \npw \ntfmSp kl-hkn-p-hpw! ]p tXm \n-fpsS
hmb AXyw ZpK--]qW-am-bn-cn-pw.
\n Bcp-sS-sb-nepw kao-]tam Bscnepw \n-fpsS ASptm hm \m-amsX as-p-mIpw! CXym-Zn.
tNmZyw: AS- nv hon Fcn- b v p
XobpsS NqSv shfn-bnsNv A\y-Po-hn-Iv
D]-{Zhw sNm--Xp-t]mse R hmb-Sv
sIn hmbp-hns\ XSv shfn-bn-ep PohnIv Ipdp ZpxJw-am{Xw \evIp-p. hmb-Sv
sIp- XpsImv ]pd- p Pohn- I v
345
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
tZlv sXdn-mtam? Xp hogpXn\nv
Hgn-bm kmy-a-. Zqsc-\np kwkm-cn-mepw
hmbp- h n- e qsS Dan- \ o- c ns {Xk- t c- W p-
hym]n-pw. CXv tZmj-am-sb-p-Xv AX-bm-Wv.
hmbnse NqSp- s Imv Pohn- I acn- psatm Ahbvv ]oU-bp-m-Ip-satm ]dbp--]-w, ao\w taS-am-k-nse kqcys
NqSp-sImv hmbp-hnse H Pohn-t]mepw acnmsX tijn-p-I-bn-. B NqSp-sImpw
Poh acn-n-. Fs-m Poh acn-p-X-. AXn-\m \n-fpsS Cu knmw Iam-Wv. \n-fpsS XoY--c-m hnZzm-m-cm-bncp-s-n Ccw s]m--c- ]d-bpam-bn-cp-n-.
t\mq, Poh\v ]oU-bp-m-Ip-Xv AXns
{]hrn Ah-b-h--fp-ambn _-s-n-cn-ptm- g mWv . CXn\v {]amWw ""]m- h - b h
tbmKmXv kpJ-kw-hnnx''73 F kmwJy-kq{X-amWv. An-{n-b-pw Ap hnj-b-tfmSp _-ap--tm-gmWv kpJ-Zpx-J-
Poh\v A\p-`q-X-am-Ip--sX-w. _[n-cs\
`n- p- - X pw, As ap]n IpSn
ktam, ISp-htbm `b-s-Sp-p ap PohnItfm t]mIp-Xpw, ]o\k tcmKn-sb-smv
aW-n-p-X
- pw. kzmZ-dn-bm-h
- s\ cpNn-n-pXpw shdp-sX-bm-Wv. AXp-t]m-se-bmWv PohnI-fpsS hyh-bpw. t\mq! a\p-jy-Po-h
kpjp-]vXm-h-kvY-bn-em-bn-cn-p-tm AXn\v
kpJtam ZpxJtam Adn-bm Ign-bp-n-. icoc-n-\p-n hn-p-s-nepw _mlym-hb-h--tfmSv _w Cm--Xp-sIm-m-Wn-Xv.
sshZy-m AYhm A[p-\nI tUmIvSam
ab-p-a-cpp sImSpv tcmKnsb ikv{X-{Inb
sNptm Ahv thZ\ tXmm-Xpt]mse hmbpImbPohn-Ipw mhcicoc-ap Pohn-Ipw kpJ-Zpx-J--fp-m-Ip-n. aqn-X-\mb Pohn kpJ-Zpx-J- A\p-`hn-m--Xp-t]mse hmbpImb-n-sebpw ap
Pohn-I AXyw aqn-X-cm-I-bm kpJ
ZpxJ- Adn-bp-n-. ]ns--s\-bmWv
Ahbvv ]oU-bp-m-Ip-sp ]d-bp-Xv?
73. 527
346
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
Ibnt? CXn \nv \n-fpsS hmZw Hpw
Ig-n-m--Xm-sWp ImWmw.
tNmZyw:- \n shw NqSm-msX IpSnp-Xv alm-]m-]-am-Wv. R NqSm-ntb
IpSn-q. As\ \nfpw sN-Ww.
Dcw: CXpw a--c-amWv. shw Xnfn-p-tm AXnse Pohn-Ifpw Nmhpw. AhbpsS ico-chpw AXn InS-p-shv Poc-Ishw t]mse-bmIpw. B ico-c-fpsS AamWv \n IpSn- p- - X v . AXp- s Imv
\n alm-]m-]n-I-fm-Wv. ]-shw IpSn-p-hsc B tZmjw _m[n-p-I-bn-. shw
hb- n sNp- t m- g p- m- t b- m- h p
sNdpNqtSv kqvaPohn-I aqnqSn ]pdtp t]mtb-mw. Pe-Imb Pohn-Ipw
ap]p ]d--Xp-t]mse kpJ-Zpx-J- A\p`q- X - a m- h p- I - b n- . AXn- \ m CXp- s Imv
Bpw ]m]w Dm-hp-I-tb C.
tNmZyw: hb-nse NqtSp Poh-m ]pdp-t]m-Ipw-t]mse NqSm-p-tmgpw t]mIp-Ibnt?
Dcw: t]mIp-I-Xs sNpw. Fm
\n-fpsS hmZ-a-\p-k-cnv hmbnse NqtS-m
Poh-m Nmhpw. NqSp-]n-Sn-n-m Nmhpw. Asn Nne-tm hfsc ]oU-tbp ]pd-tp
t]mtbpw. Ah-bpsS icocw sh-n
shp-tN-cpw. CXp-sImv \n IqSp-X
]m]n-I-fm-hp-I-bnt?
tNmZyw:- R kzbw shw Xnf-n-pI-bn-. Krl--m-tcmSv shw Xnf-n-m
]d-bp-Ibpan-. AXn-\m Rv ]m]-an.
Dcw:- \n NqSp-shw hmp-Itbm
IpSn-p-Itbm sNm--]w Krl--m
AsX-n\p NqSm-Ww? AXn-\m ]m]-n\h-Im-in-I \n Xspam{X-a. A[n-I]m-]-n\pah-Im-in-I Xs. GsX-nepw
Hcm-fn-t\mSv shw Xm-dmn hbvm- ]dm Hcn-Sp am{Xta sNq. kzman GXpho-n-emWv hcp--sXv Adn-hn-m Krl Ah-ch
- c
- psS hoSp-If
- n-semw shw Xnfn-p-sh-bvpw. B ]m]-n\v apJy Ah-Imin-I \n Xs.
IqSmsX IqSp-X hndIpw apw In-pI-f-bp--Xp-sImv aps]-gp-Xn-b-Xp-t]mse ]m-
NIw, Irjn, hym]mcw apX-embh sNbvXvIqSpX ]m]n-I-fm-bn-o-cp-p. shw Xnfn-p-hm apJy-Im-cW-m-c \n--fmWv.
XWp-Xp IpSn--cp-Xv. Xnf-n-tX IpSn-mhq Fp-]-tZ-in-p--Xp-sImv \nfpw ]m]n\v `mK-`m-p-I-fm-Wv. \n ]d-bp--X-\pk-cnp--hcpw ]m]n-I-fm-bno-cp-p.
t\mq! \n alm Am-\
- n s]ncn--bt? sNdp-IoS--tfmSp ZbImp-I, A\ya-X-sc \nn-p-Ibpw D]-Imcw sNm-Xn-cnp-Ibpw sNbvI. Ch ]m]-at? \n-fpsS
Xo--c-m-cpsS hmp-I icn-bm-sW-n
krjvSn-bn Fn-\m-Wn{Xbpw agbpw, \Zo-{]hm-l--fpw, Pe-cm-in-bpw Cuiz-c krjvSnXv? kqcy-s\bpw krjvSn--cp-Xm-bn-cp-p. Ch\n-anw tImSm-\p-tImSn Poham \nfpsS
knm--a-\p-k-cnv acn--Sn-bp-p-mI-Ww.
\n hniz- k n- p Cuiz- c Zb- h mbn
kqcys NqSpw taL-ns \ohpw FpsImv \nb-{n-p-n? ap]v ]d-Xpt]mse {]hr-n-sbmpw sNmsX I-aq-emZn-Ifn hn-p Pohamv kpJ-Zpx-J-sfmpw Dm-Im ]mSn-. Fm-bvt]mgpw
Fm Poh-m-cnepw Zb-hp-Im-p-Xpw ZpxJ-Imc-W-am-bn-cn-pw. Fs-m \n-fpsS aX-a\p-k-cnv Fm-hcpw a\p-jy-cm-hp-Ibpw Impw sIm-mpw Bcpw in-\evImXn-cn-p-Ib
- p-am-sW-n F{X henb ]m]-amWv
Dm- I m- h p- Xv ! AXn- \ m Zpjv S - mv
tbmPn in \evIp--Xnepw t{ijvT-msc
]cn-]m-en-p--Xn-ep-amWv Zb. CXn\p hn]-coX-ambn sNp ]w Zb--a Fn-h-bpsS
cq]-n-ep [aw \in-p--Xm-bn-cnpw.
F{Xtbm ssP\n-I I-hSw \S-p-Ibpw,
AXn Iw ]d-bp-Ibpw, ]c-[\w Ih-cpIbpw, Zo\sc NqjWw sNp- I - b pw- ap
ZpjvIa- sNpp! Ahsb \nhm-cWw
sNpXn\v Fp-sImv D]-tZiw \evIpn? hmbvaqSn sIpI XpS-nb Xn-p-I-fn
am{Xw s]p Ign-bp--sX-n\v?
\n injy--am-scbpw injy-I-sfbpw
kzoI-cn-p-tm tIi-ep-\w. hf-sc-\m
D]-hmkw apX-em-bh sNnv hfsc ]oUn-np-nt? ]oU-I- Gphmn, Bfl-lXy
AYhm Bfl-t{Zmlw sNp--hcmb \n-
347
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
FpsImv lnwk-I-cm-Ip-n-?
B\, IpXn-c, H-Iw, Imf apX-embhsb
khm-cn-p-]-tbm-Kn-p-Xpw a\p-jysc Iqen-Wnp \ntbm-Kn-p-Xpw ]m]-am-sb-m-sX-p-sImv? \n-fpsS injym hf-smSn Imcy-sf kXy-am-m Ign-hn-m--hcm-sW-n \n-fpsS Xo-c
-
- mpw Ignhn-.
\n IYm-{]-h-N-\- \S-p-tm
t{imXm--fmbn hcp--h \nanw \nfpsS
aX-a-\p-k-cnv hgn-bn ]e Poh-mcpw acn-tmw. CXp-sImv \n Cu ]m]-ns
apJy Imc-W-m-cm-hp-I-bnt? C{Xbpw ]dp- X n\nv Pe, e, hmbp- - f nse
mhc ico-cn-I-fmb AXyw aqn-X-cmb
Poh-m-v ZpxJtam kpJtam Hcn-epw
Dm-Ip-n Fp a\-n-em-btm.
XoY--c-m-cpsS ico-chpw Bbp-pw.
ssP\n-I-fpsS GXm\pw Akw-`hy IYIIqSn FgpXmw. tIWw Fp am{X-a, \psS Hcp amdv aq-c-am-dns "[\pjv'
BsWpw HmWw. Ime-b-fhv t\ct
FgpXnbpp--Xp-am-Wv75.
cXv \ - k mcw Hmw`mKw hiw 166- 167
Cs\ FgpXnbnp--Xp-amWv75.
XoY--cs t]cv
1. Ej-`-tZ-h
2. APn-X-\m-Y
3. kw`-h-\m-Y
4. A`n-\-
5. kpa-Xn-\m-Y
6. ]fl-{]-`
7. ]miz-\m-Y
8. N{-{]-`
75. t]Pv 659.
76. t]Pv 659 t\mpI
ico-c-h-enw
Bbpkv
([-\p-jv)
]qh-hjw76
500
450
400
350
300
140
200
150
hjw 8400000
7200000
6000000
5000000
4000000
3000000
2000000
1000000
9. kphn-[n-\m-Y
100
200000
10. ioXe\m-Y
90
100000
11. t{ibmwk\m-Y-
80
8400000
12. hmkp]qPy-kzman
70
7200000
13. hna-e-\m-Y
60
6000000
14. A\--\m-Y
50
3000000
15. [a-\m-Y
45
1000000
16. imn-\m-Y
40
100000
17. Ip-\m-Y
35
95000
18. Aa-c-\m-Y
30
84000
19. ao-\m-Y
25
55000
20. ap\n-kp-hr-X
20
30000
21. \an-\m-Y
14
10000
22. t\an-\m-Y
10
1000
23. ]miz-\m-Y
9
100
24. alm-ho-c-kzman
7
100
kao--I: Cu Ccp-]-n-\mep XoY-c-m-cmWv ssP\n-If
- psS aXw \S-m-nb BNmcy-mcpw Kpcp--mcpw. ssP\n-I Chsc
Cuiz- c - m- c mbn KWn- p- p. Ch- s cmw
tamw {]m]n-p-h-t{X.
a\p-jyv C{Xbpw hep-Xmb ico-chpw
Bbppw Dm-Iptam Fp _pn-am-m
Nnnp t\ms. Cu `qan-bn C{Xbpw
henb, Ipd-m-fp-It ]mm-\m-hq. ssP\nIsf A\p-I-cnv ]pcm-W-m Hcp ew, ]Xn\m-bncw, Hcm-bncw hoXw hjw Bbpv kev]n-p-Xpw Akw-`-hy-am-bn-cnt, ssP\n-IfpsS {]kvXmhw Fs\ icn-bm-Ipw.
C\nbpw tIq. Iev]-`mjyw 4mw hiv
ImWmw. ""\mK-tI-X {Kma-ns hep-ap
Iv hnc-en s]mn. Iev]-`mjyw t]Pv 35--alm- h o- c - s]cp- h n- c sImv `qansb
Aanbtm tij-\mKw hnd-p-t]mbn! Sn.
hiw 46 alm- h o- c s\ kw ISnp.
tNmcbvp ]Icw ]mev ]pd-p-h-p. B
kw Fmw kz-n t]mbn. Sn. hiw 47-a-lm-ho-cs Imen ]mbkw hp. Imev
s]mn-bn-. Sn. hiw 16--sN-dn-sbmcp ]m{Xn H-Is Ibn Ccpn. cXv\-kmcw
1mw `mKw hiw 14 ico-c-nse Agp-p- I-f-
348
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
b-cp-Xv, sNmdn-b-cp-Xv. hnth-I-kmcw 1mw `mKw
hiw 15--Z-a-km-c F kw\ymkn {Ip-\mbn
DtZz-K-P-\I kq{Xw P]nbpw \K-c-n\p
Xo]n-Sn-n-bpw sNbvXp. Ctlw alm-ho-cXoYcs CjvS-`mP-\-am-bn-cp-p. hnth-Ikmcw `mKw 1-hiw 127 ""cmPm-hns B
\n-b-ambpw A\p-k-cn--Ww.'' Sn hiw 227
tImi- s b thiy Xfn- I - b n ISpIv
Iqmcw Iqn, AXn\p apI-fn,, ]q-fm
aqSnb kqNn-I \nn AXn-t \rw
sNbvXp. Imen kqNn-sIm-n-. ISp-In
Iqmcw NnX-dn-bpan-!! XzhnthIw hiw
228- ""Cu tImim- t h- i y- t bm- s Smv Hcp
kvXqe-ap\n ]{-p-hjw t`mKw sNbvXp. 1
hiw 186 Hcp kns Igp-n AWn-ncp Xq-hme Hcp I-h-S-m-c\v Znh-khpw 500
\mWbw hoXw \evIntmp. hnth-I-kmcw:
1mw `mKw hiw 228--_-e-hm-\mb ]pcp-js
B, tZhm-, tLmc-h-\-n IjvSsp ]mp-I, Kpcp, amXm-]n-Xm-, IpeKpcp _p-P\w, [tam-]-tZ-jvSmhv Fn-h
FXnpI Fo Ah--I-fn [a-\yq-\X
Dmbmepw [a-lm\n kw`-hn-p-n-.''
kao--I:- Ch-cpsS Cu I--Y-I
tItm? 1. Hcp a\p-jy\v {Kma-ns hep-ap Iv hnc-en Xqm Ftm-sg-nepw
Ign-bptam? 2. `qan-bn s]cp-hn-c Aanbm, `qan A\-ptam? ]ns, Cm tij\mKw hnd-bvp--sX-s\? 3. icocw apdnm ]mep-h-cp-Xv Bcm\pw In-ptm?
C{-Pmew Xs! At-ls ISn kw
kzKpw alm-flm-hmb {ioIr-jvW\pw apw
aqmw \c-I-nepw t]mbt{X! F{X _meni
Pev]\w! 4. alm-ho-cs Imen ]mbkw
]mIw-sN-bvXm Imep-s]m-m-Xn-cn-p--sXs\? 5. sNdn-b]m-{X-n HIw Fs\
Ib-dpw? 6. ico-c-nse Agp-p-I-f-bp-Ibpw
sNmdn-bp-Ibpw sNm--h ZpK--cq]nbmb
alm-\-cIw A\p-`-hn-p-p-mIpw! 7. \Kcw
XoI-n kw\ym-kn-bpsS Zbbpw abpw
Fhn- s S- t m- b n? alm- h o- c s kwkKw
sImpw Abm ]hn-{Xm-flm-hm-bn-s-n,
Atlw acn--Xn-\p-tijw B{i-bn-p--hcpw
]hn-{X-c-cm-Ip-I-bn-. 8. cmPm-hns B
A\p-k-cn--Ww. ]t ssP\ hWnp-Ifm-
349
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
hoXhpw kqcy-N-{-msc Iqp-tm 492 hoXw
kqcy- N - { - m ]pjv I - c - k - a p- { Z- n- e p- v .
CsXmw {ioPn- \ - ` {ZKWo- am {ia- W
"kwL- b Wn"bnepw tbmXn- k - I - c - W v U I
]b' bnepw N{-]--Xn, kqc-]-Xn Fo
{]apJ knm-{- K-
- fnepw ]d-n-p-X
- mWv.
kao--I: `qan-im-kv{Xhpw tPymXn-mkv{Xhpw Adn-bm-hp--h tIWw! Cu
`qtKm-f-n Hcp-h-iv 492-w adp-h-iv
Akw-Jyhpw kqcy-N-{-m Dsv ssP\
hniz-kn-p-p. thZ-aX
- m-\p-bm-bn-If
- mb \n
kqcy-kn-mw apX-emb tPmXnx-im-kv{X-{K--fpsS A[y-b\w sImv icn-bmb `q-hm\
imkv{Xw {KlnXv \n-fpsS `mKyw. Asn ssP\n-I-fpsS alm A-Im-c-a-X-n
s]v Pw apgp-h\pw Cmes ssP\n-I-sftmse Dg-ep-am-bn-cp-p. Cu Am-\n-I
Icp-Xn-bXv henb Pw_p-Zzo-]n Hcp kqcy\pw
N{\pw t]msc-m-Wv. C{X henb `qansb apXp-\m-gnIsImv kqcy-N-{-m Npp--sXs\? `qan Ch-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-n kqcyt\-m hep-Xm-Wv. Chp ]nb Ghpw
henb sXv CXm-Wv.
tZmk-kn-tZm-chn ]wXn GK--cnbm OkTn-kw-Jmbm tacpw ]bm-ln-WwXm amWp-kJnt ]cnAUwXn ({]-I-cW `mKw 4-kw{K-l-Wo-kq{Xw 79)
AYw: a\p-jy-tem-I-n kqcy-N-{-mcpsS ]MvnbpsS kwJy ]d-bpp: cp
N{-mcpw cpkq-cy-mcpw tNXv ]Mvn
(t{i-Wn)-bmWv. Ah Hmtcm-ew tbmP-\,
AXm- b Xv \mep- e w tImiw AI- e - n\pn k-cn-p-p. Hcp kqcy-]MvXnpn Hcp N{-]Mvn, Hcp N{-]Mvnbn
Hcp kqcy- ] Mvn Fn- s\ \mep
]MvnIfp-v. Hmtcm N{]Mvnbnepw 66
N{-mcpw Hmtcm kqcy-]Mvnbnepw 66 kqcymcpw Dv. Cu \mep-]Mvnbnepw Pw_p-Zzo]nse tacp ]h-X-ns\ {]Z-nWw hv
a\pjy t{X-n {`aWw sNp-p. AXmbXv Pw_p-Zzo-]-nse tacp-hn\nv Hcp
kqcy sXtmp k-cn-p-tm asmcp
kqcy hS-tmv k-cn-p-p. AXp-t]mse
eh-W-k-ap-{Z-nepw Hmtc Znn-tev Cu
350
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
"{]tZiw' DXv hn`p kh-hym]n A.
hn`p-h-m--h kh-tcm tIh-e-m-\nItfm Bhp-I-bn-. GI-tZ-in-bmb Bflmhv
t]mIp- I bpw hcn- I bpw _\pw ap\pw
m\nbpw Am-\nbpw Bbn-cn-pw. khhym-]n-bmb kh Hcn-epw A-s\b.
ssP\n-I-fpsS XoYc Pohcq]nIfpw
Aev]cpw Aev]--cp-ambn nXn-sN-bvXn-cpp. Ah kh-hym-]I kh--cm-hp-Itb
C. Fm A\m-Znbpw A\-\pw khhym-]-I\pw kh-\pw ]hn-{X\pw m\kz-cq-]n-bp-amb ]c-am-flm-hns\ ssP\ AwKoI-cn-p-n-. AXnam-{Xta kh-mZn
KpW- bYm-X-Y-ambn tNcp-I-bp-p.
K_v ` \- c Xn Xn]- e nbm Du. XnKmDu
Dtmk tX P lt-Ww. apna Zplmhn
Aap-lp. Aw-Kpe AkwJ `mK--XWq (2.41)
AYw: ChnsS a\p-jy cp-Xc
- a
- p-v. Hv
K`-P. atXv Am-sX-bp-m-bh
- . K`P a\pjy-cpsS Bbpv aqv ]tezm-]a Imehpw
icocw aqp tImi-hp-ap-v.
kao-: aqp ]tezm-]a
- I
- mew Bbppw
aqp tImiw henb ico-ch
- p-ap hfsc Ipdp
a\p-jyt Cu `qan-bn ]mm-\m-hq. aqp
]tezm-]-a-Imew hsc Pohn-p Ch-cpsS
afpw aqp tImiw hen--ap--h-cm-bn-cn-Ww. C-s\-bp cp t]v t_mwt_
\K-c-n-epw aqtm \mtem t]v Iev-bnepw hkn-m Ign-t-pw. C-s\bm-sW-n Nne \K-c
- f
- n e-W
-
- n\p
a\p-jy-cp-s-s-gp-Xn-bn-cn-p ssP\-\-Kcw
F{X-ew tImiw hep--ap--Xm-bn-cn--Ww!
temI-n-semw IqSn Acw Hcp \Kcw
Dm-hm km[y-Xbn.
]W-bm ec-I-tPm-bW hnc-Iw`m knnkn-e-^-enl hnaem, XZp-hcn KtPm-bWw tX
temKwtXm X-kn--TnCu (258)
Aw: khmY knn-tKm-]p-c-ns
[zP-n-\p-]cn ]{-p-tbm-P-\-bp kn-ine-bm-Wv. AXv hoXn-bnepw \of-nepw Db-cnepw 45 ew tbmP\ hep-Xm-Wv. CXv
Fmw shfpsh-fp kphW-amb kv^Sn-In-\p-Xpeyw \na-e-amb kn-in-e-bpsS kn`q-an-bm-Wv. CXns\ Nne Cuj-Xv, {]mKv`c
351
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
\nbn- mw. Fm \mem- b ncw tImiw
henb ico-c-ap--hv ]mm Hcmv
ap-n-c-m-bncw hen--ap hoSp-th-Ww.
C{Xbpw henb hoSp-sh-bvm ssP\n-I-fpsS
Fm ]Whpw sNe-h-gn--Ww. Fmepw hoSp
]qn-bm-hp-I-bn-h-. Fm-bncw tImiw \ofap an\v XSn FhnsS \nm-Wmthm InpI!
AXn-\p XqWv \mn--gn-m AI-p-Ib-dp-hm\pw IqSn-I-gn-bp-I-bn-. Ccw Imcy-sfms s]mfn-bm-Wv.
tX Yqem ]t hnlp-kw-Jn-mtN hlpwXn-k-t-hn. tX Cn Akw-tJ. klpta
Jt ]I-t-l. ({]-I-c-W--`mKw 4 eLpt{X kam-k-{]-I-c-Ww. kq{Xw4)
Aw: ap]p ]d Hcw-Kpew tcmans IjW- sIm- v \mep- t Imiw
hnkvXohpw A{Xbpw Bghpw D InW
\nd-bvWw. AwKpe hep--ap tcma-J-WvU-sfmw IqSn C-cp]Xpe-n Fgp-]-ocm-bn-cn Hcp-qn sXmqn cv Fw
hcpw. Gdn-bm 330762104 2465625 4219960
9753600,0000000 ap-n-aqp tImSntImSn, Ggpe-n Adp-]-o-cm-bn-cn Hcp-\q-n-\mev
tImSn-tIm-Sn, Ccp-]-n-\m-ep-e-n Adp-]- m- b n- c n Adp--\ q- n- a p]- v , tImSn
tImSn, \mev]-n-cp en ]sm--Xn\m-bn-cn sXmm-bn-cn Adp-]Xv, tImSntImSn sXmq-tgp e-n An aqhmbn-cn Adp-\qdv, tImSn-tImSn L\-tbm-P\
]teym-]-a-nse qe tcma-L---fpsS
F-am-Wv. CXpw kwJym-X-Im-e-am-Wv. app
]d tcma- J - W v U - fpsS Akw- J ymX
JWvUw a\-kn k-ev]n-m Akw-JymX
kqjva-tcm-am-Wp-hm-Ipw.
kao-I
- :-- t\mq! Ch-cpsS F-ns
coXn! Hcw-Kpew tcmas F{X IjW-amn!
CsX-n-Xom Ign-bptam? Fnv a\n AkwJyw JWvU- k-ev]n-p-p.
ap]p ]d-h ssIsImv Fn-oXm-sWp \nW-bnmw! ssIsIm-m-Im-bvIbm a\-p-sIm-sn! Hcw-Kpew tcma-ns\
C{Xbpw IjW--fm-m Ign-bp--XmtWm?
Pw_p-Zzo-]]amWw Kpe-tPm-b-W-c-eI hhn-c-Iw-`o. eh-Wm-Cu-bm-tk-km. _e-bm`m
ZpKpW ZpKp-Wmb. ({]-Ic
- W `mKw 4 eLp-
352
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]{mw kap-mkw
m-Xn-cnpI Fo aqp-Im-cy- \-XpXs, _mn-sbmw Akw-`-hy-fm-Wv.
C{Xbpw FgpXnbXn \nv _pnamamv hfsc {Kln- mw. ZrjvSmn\pam{Xw C{Xbpw Fgp-Xn-b-XmWv. ChcpsS Akw-`h
- Imcy-s
- fmw Fgp-Xn-bm Hcp
]pcp-jm-bp-p-sIm-p-t]mepw hmbnp Xocp-Ibn-. AXn-\m ]m{X-nse Htm-ctm
tNmsdSpp sRn thhp- t \m- p- - X pt]mse, kzev]w Fgp-Xn-b-Xp-hm-bnv k-\v hfsc {Kln-m Ignbpw. A[nIw
Fgp- t XImcy- a n- . hnl- K - h o- - W - n
\nv ]qW-amb Bibw _pn-amamp
e`n-pw.
C\n {InkvXp-a-X-s-n FgpXmw
{ioa--bm-\--k-c-kz-Xo-kzm-an-I cNn
kXym-{]-Im-i-n-se,
\mkvXnI aX--fmb NmhmI
_u ssP\-aXfpsS
JWvU-\-a-WvU\w sNp
]{mw kap-mkw Ign-p.
353
A\p`qanI aqv
ss__naX-sap ]d-bp-tm {InkvXpa-X-sap am{X-a {Kln-t--Xv. blq-Z-aXhpwapw CXn CS-s]Spw1.1 Cu 13-mw kapm-k-n {InkvXp-a-X-hn-j-b-sa-gp-Xp-Xv
Cm-ev ss__n aX-m-cn apJy
{InkvXym-\n-I-fmb-Xp-sImmWv. blq-Zcpw
apw apJy- c - . apJy- a m- b Xp {Kln- m
KuWhpw {Kln-mw. As\ blq-Z-a-X-Imcyhpw Adn-bm-\m-Ipw.
blq-Zcpw {InkvXym-\n-Ifpw apw hniz-knp ss__n-fn\np am{X-amWv Ch-sc-n-bp Imcy- ChnsS Fgp-XpXv. Cu
]pkvX-Is Ch kzw [a-Im-c-W-ambn
Icp-Xp-p. Ch-cpsS aX-m-cmb henb ]mXncn-am Cu {K-ns hnhn[ X-a-I
sNbvXn-p-v. Ah-bn tZh-\m-Kn-cnbnepw
kwkvIr-X-n-ep-ap-2 X-a-I t\mnb-tm F\nv ]e kwi-b-fpw Dmbn.
Ah-bn Nne-Xp-am-{X-amWv Cu ]Xn-aqmw
kap- m- k - n hnZzm- m- c psS ]cn- K - W - \ bvmbn Fgp-Xn-bn-p-Xv.
Cu teJ\w kXy-ns hrnbvpw
Ak-Xy-ns {Kmk-n-\p-a
- msX Bscbpw
ZpxJn-n-mt\m, Zpjn-mt\m, anYym-tZmjw
Btcm-]n-p--Xnt\m A. Cu ]pkvXIw
Fspw Ch-cpsS aX-sa-spw Fm-hcpw
Adn-bp--Xn-\p-th-n-bmWv Cu teJ-\-sa-gpXp--Xv.
a\p-jy-kl
- P
- a
- mb ImgvN, tIhn, Fgpv
Fn-h-bn-eqsS ]-{]-Xn-]-- NsNbvXv {InkvXp-a-X-ns Xmc-Xay ]T\w
\S-p-I-bmWv Cu teJ-\-ns {]tbmP\w. IqSmsX a\p-jy-cpsS [a-hn-j-b-I-amb
Adnhp hnv bYm-tbmKyw kXym-k-Xy-
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
13
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Imiw
{InkvXp-aX hnjbw
C\n {InkvXp-aX hnjbw hymJym-\nmw
C\n Fgp- X pXv {Inkv X ym- \ n- I - f psS
aXsn-bm-Wv. Ch-cpsS aXw \ntm-jhpw
ss__n Cuiz-c-Ir-X-hp-amtWm Fv CXn
\nv Ghpw a\- n- e mmw. Hm- a Xv
ss__n-fnse ]gb \nb-a-s-n Fgp-Xmw.
Dn ]pkvXIw
1. BZn-bn ssZhw BIm-ihpw `qanbpw krjvSn-p.
`qan- ]mgmbpw3 iq\y-ambpw Ccp-p. Bg-n-osX Ccp
Dmbncpp, ssZh-ns Bflmhv sh-n-osX
]cn-hn-p-sIm-n-cp-p4. (1.1-2)
krjvSn Dm-bn-nt?
{In: Dmtbm Ctbm Fv R-dnhn-. ssZh-n-\-dn-bmw.
kao: Adn-bm hs-n Fn\o ]pkvXI-n hniz-kn-pp? kwi-b-\n-hm-c-W-n\p-X-Im CXns\ hniz-knv Bfp-I-tfm-Sp-]tZiw sNbvXv Cu kwi-b]
- q-amb aX-n
Fn\v Ahsc s]Sp-pp? \n-tlw,
Fm kwi-b-fpw \nhm-cWw sNp thZaXw kzoI- c n- msXmWv ? Cuiz- c s
krjv S n- h r- mw Adn- b msX Cuiz- c s\
Fs\ Adnbpw? BImiw Fp-h-m-semWv?
{In:- Xpd-mb apI`mKw.
kao: Xpd-m-bXns Dev]n Fs\?
Fs-m AXv kh-hym-]nbpw AXn-kqvahpw apI-fnepw Xmsgbpw Hcp-t]m-se-bp-amWv. BImiw krjvSn-p--Xn\v ap]v iq\y-
355
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Xbpw Xpdpw Cmbncptm? Cm-bn-cp-sn ssZhhpw krjvSn-Im-c-Whpw Pohm-flmfpw FhnsS hkn-n-cpp? BIm-i-an-msX
Hcp hkvXphpw nXn-sN-p-I-bn-. AXn-\m
\n-fpsS ss__n hmIyw bp-a-. -Cuiz-c\pw Cuiz-cob m\-Ia-fpw ]mtgm
AmtXm?
{In: ]mg-m-Xv
kao: Fn Cuiz-c\
- p-m-nb `qan ]mgmsWv Chn-sS-n-s\-gpXn?
{In:- ]msg--Xn\v Dbpw XmWpw \nc-msX Xpd-mbn InSp--sX-mWv Aw.
kao: ]nm-cmWv \nc-m-n-bXv? Ctmgpw
Dbbpw XmgvNbpw Ct? AXn-\m Cuizcs {]hr-n- ]m-g-. Fs-m Atlw
k--\m-I-bm Hcn-epw sXtm Iptam
]mfn-tbm Dm-hp-I-bn-. IqSmsX Cuiz-ckrjvSn ]mgm-bn-cp-sv5 Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p
]pkvXIw Cuiz-c-Ir-X-am-hp-I-bn-. ssZhns Bflmhv Fp ]ZmY-amWv?
{In: tNX-\w.
kao: AXv kmIm-ctam \ncm-Im-ctam? hym]Itam GI-tZ-iotbm?
{In: \ncm-Imcw, tNX-\w, hym]-Iw, Fm
GtX-kn-\mbn ]h-X-ntem, \memw BImi-ntem Hs-bmWv hnti-jm ]mv.
kao: \ncm- I mc\msW- n Bcm- W v
IXv? hym]-I-am-b Xv Pen-osX ]cnhn-p-I-bn-. ssZh-ns Bflmhv Pen-osX ]cn-hn--tm ssZhw Fhn-sSbm-bn-cp-m! ssZh-ns icocw as-hnsStbm Bbn-cp-sv CXn \p knn-pp. As-n Bflm-hns Hcp Ij-Ws
Pe-n-osX ]cn-hn-n--Xm-Imw. hym]-I\-m-X
- n\v krjvSn nXn-{]f-b
- fpw [mcW
]me- \ - fpw Pohs Iay- h y- h - bpw
sNm Hcn-epw km[n-p-Ibn-. GI-tZ-inbmtWm AXns KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h-fpw GItZ-in-bm-bn-cn-pw. A-s\sbv ssZh-a-.
ssZhw kh-hym-]-I-\pw, A\ KpW-Ia-kz`m-h-bp-\pw kn-Zm-\--kz-cq-]\pw, \nXy--ip--_p---ap---kz-`m-hnbpw A\mZn A\w
apX-emb e-W
- f
- p-X
- Xpam-Wv, Fp thZ-
356
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kao: GZtXmw \nnv BZ-ans\ IpSnbn-cp-n-b-tm Ahs\ AhnsS \np ]pdm-tn hcp-sav ssZh-n-\-dn-hn-m-bncptm? BZ-ans\ ap-sIm-mWv Dm-n-bsX-n AXv ssZh-ns kzcq]w BIp-n. BIp-s-n Cuiz-c\pw ap-sIm-p-m-s--Xm-Wv. Ahs aqn DuXnb izmkw
Cuiz-cs cq]tam thsd h-Xptam? thsdbm-sW-n BZ-n\v Cuiz-cs cq]-a-.
As-n Cuiz-c\pw BZ-n\pw Htc cq]am-Wv. A-s\-bm-sW-n BZ-n-s\-tmse
P\-\w, ac-Ww, hrn, bw, hniv Zmlw
Fnh Cuiz-c\pw DmIpw. ]ns AXv
Fs\ Cuizc-\mIpw? AXn-\m ]g-b-\nb-a-nse Cu Imcyw icn-bm-sWp tXmpn-. AXv Cuiz-c-Ir-X-hp-a-.
6. BI-bm btlm-hb
- mb ssZhw a\p-jy\v Hcp KmV\n{Z hcp-n. Ah Ddnbtm Ahs hmcn-sb-pI-fn Hs-Spv AXn\p ]Icw amwkw ]nSn-np. btlmh-bmb ssZhw a\p-jy-\n \ns-Sp hmcn-sb-ns\
Hcp kv{Xobmn Ahsf a\p-jys ASp- sImph-p. (2.21 22)
357
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
358
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
{InkvXym-\n-If
- psS ssZhw a\p-jy-\s
- -n
lmt\m-ns IqsS Ah Fs\ -\-Sp?
thZ-n ]d-bp \ncm-Im-c-\mb Cuiz-cs\
kzoI-cn-mte {InkvXym-\n-Ipw \-h-cq.
12. Ahp ]p{Xn-am P\n--tm ssZh-ns ]p{Xm a\p-jy-cpsS ]p{Xn-amsc ku-cy-ap-h
- s
- cp Inv
Xp-t_m-[n Gh-tcbpw `mcy-am-cmbn FSp-p.
Atm tbmlh: a\p-jy-\n Fs Bflmhv kZm-Imehpw hmZn-p-sIm-n-cn-b
- n. Ah PUw Xs-bt- m.
Fnepw Ahs Imew \qn-cp-]Xp kwh-c
- a
- mIpw Fv
Acp-fn-sN-bvXp. Am-ep `qan-bn a-m Dm-bncp-p. AXns tijhpw ssZh-ns ]p{X-m a\pjy-cpsS ]p{Xn-am-cpsS ASp- sNnv Ah asf
{]k-hn-p. Ch-cm-Ipp ]pcm-X\ Imes hoc-m.
Ion-s ]pcp-j-mXt. `qan-bn a\p-jys
ZpjvSX hen-bs
- Xpw Ahs lrZ-bh
- n-Nm-c
- f
- psS \ncq]-Ws
- am-sbpw Fm-bvt]mgpw tZmj-ap-X
- t{X Fpw
btlmh Ip. Xm `qan-bn a\p-jys\ Dm-p-IsImp btlmh A\p-X-]n-p. AXv Ahs lrZ-bn\p ZpxJ-am-bn. Rm krjvSn-n-p a\p-jys\ `qanbn \np \in-n-p-If
- b
- pw. a\p-jy-s\bpw arK-sbpw
Cg-Pm-Xn-sbbpw BIm-i-nse ]n-I-sfbpw Xt;
Ahsb Dm-p-Is
- Imp Rm A\p-X]
- n-pp Fp
tbmlh Acp-fn-s-bvXp. (6.2-7)
359
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
360
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
361
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kao: t\mq! aZy-ns el-cn-bn ]nXm]p-{Xn-am t]mepw ZpjvI-n \np cs]-n-. CsX-s \-b p aZyw IpSn- p
{InkvXym-\n-Ifpw apw sNp No-Iv
AXn-cptm? AXn-\m k-\- aZyns t]-cp-t]mepw ]d-b-cp-Xv.
24. A\-cw btlmh Xm Acp-fn-s-bvXn-cp t]mse
kmdmsb kin-p. Xm hmKvZw sNbvXn-cp-Xv
btlmh kmdmbvp \nhn-p-sIm-Sp-p.- kmd K`nWn-bm-bn (21,1-2)
kao:
{InkvXy
ssZhw
sNbvXpshbvp ]Wn-IsIm-tm. BZyw
-A\ymb-ambn kmdbpsS `mK-p-\n-p. lmKlcm-bn-cpp i_vZw tIXv _me-sbpw! CsX-Zv`pXw ? _me-\mWv Id--sNv ssZhw
sXn--cn--Xmhmw. CsXmw ssZh-ns
hmtm, ssZh-h-N\ns hmtm, ssZh-hN- \ - nse AcpfsSmw Fs\bmIpw?
km[m-c-W-a-\p-jys\ Fgp-Xm-hp Nn-d-mcy--sfm-gnsI ss__n-fnse asmw \nmcw
Xs.
26. AXnstijw ssZhw A{_-lm-ans\ ]co-n-Xv
F-s\-sb-m, A{_m-lmsa Fp hnfn--Xnp;
Rm CXm Fp Ah ]dp Atm Ah: \ns
aIs\ \o kvt\ln-p \ns GI-Pm-X-\mb bnkvlmns\ Xt, Iqn-smp tamcnbm tZip sNp.
AhnsS Rm \ntmSp Iev]n-p Hcp ae-bn
Ahs\ tlma-bmKw Ign F-cp-fn-s-bp-Xp .....Xs
aI bnkvlm-ns\ sIn bmK-]oTnta hnd-In-
362
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kao:- Ah A{_-lm-ans am{Xw ssZham-bn-cptm? Cm-ev hgn-Im-n-I apt\- S v hgn- I m- p- - X p- t ]mse Cuiz- c \pw
sNbvsXtm? Ctm ssZhw hgn-Im-m-sXv? a\p-jy-tcmSv kw`m-jWw sNm-sXv? CsXmpw ssZh-nt\m ssZh-h-N-\amb {K-nt\m tbmPn--X-. ImS-mp
am{Xw tNcpw.
29. bnivam-tb-ens ]p{X-m-cpsS t]cp-I AhnXp;
bnivam-tb-ens BZy PmX s\_m-tbm-v, tIZm,
AZvs_-tb, an_vimw, anivam, Zqam, am, lZm-Zv, tXam,
bXq, \m^o-kv, tIsZ-am. (25, 13 15).
363
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]d-p.- \ns t] Fv Fv Ah-t\mSp tNmZn-Xnp: bmtm_v Fv Ah ]d-p. \o ssZhtmSpw a\p-jy-tcmSpw ap-]n-Snp Pbn-X
- p-sImv \ns
t] C\n bmtm_v F bn{km-tb Fv hnfn-sSpw Fv Ah ]d-p. bmtm_v Ah-t\mSv: \ns
t] F\nv ]d-p-X-tcWw Fp At]-n-p. \o
Fs t] tNmZnp-Xp Fp Fp Ah ]d-p.
AhnsS hp Ahs\ A\p-{K-ln-p. Rm ssZhs
apJm-ap-Ja
- mbn Inpw F\np Poh-lm\n hn Fp
bmtm_v ]d-p. B e-n\p s]\o-tb Fp
t]cnp: Ah s]\o-tb IS-p-t]m-Ip-tm kqcy
DZn-p. Fm XpS-bpsS Dfpp \nanw Ah apSn
\S-p. Ah bmtm-_ns XpS-bpsS XSnse Rcp
sXmSpI sImp bn{km-tb a Cp-h-tcbpw XpSbpsS XS-nse Rcp Xnm-dn-. (32. 24-32)
kao-:- {InkvXy ssZhw tKmZm-a- BIbm-emImw kmdmbvpw dmtl-en\pw ]p{X`mKyw \evIn-b-Xv. CXv Cuiz-c-\mtWm? Hcmfn-t\mSp t]cp tNmZn-p-I, kzw t]cp ]dbm-Xn-cn-pI! CsX-p-Ifn? ssZhw Rcv Dfpnv Pbn--Xn-cn-s, UmIvS-dm-bn-cp-s-n
Rcp t\sc-bm-n-tb-s\. Cu ssZhs
`Pn bmtm_v apS- n- b - X p- t ]mse ap
`cpw apS-p-p-m-Imw. ssZhs {]Xy-ambn ImW-W-sa-n-tem abpw sN-Wsa-ntem ssZhw ico-c-ap--h-\m-bn-cn--Ww.
CsXmw ip _men-i-am-Wv.
36. ssZh-ns apJw ImWp--Xpt]mse (33.10)
364
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]pd-mSp ]pkvXIw
38. B Imev tamsi apXn-tijw Ah Xs
ktlm-Z-c-m-cpsS ASp- sNp Ah-cpsS `mc-ap
the-t\mn, Xs ktlm-Z-c-m-cn Hcp G{_m-bs\
Hcp an{k-bo-ay ASn-p--Xp-I-p. Ah Atmpw
Ctmp t\mopw Bcpw Csp I-tm an{k-boays\ ASn-p-sIm-p aW-en ad-hp-sN-bvXp. ]nt-Zn-hkw
Ah sN-tm cv F{_mb ]pcp-jam X-n
iWvT-bnSp--Xp-I-p. A\ymbw sNbvX-h-t\mSp: \ns
Iqp-Im-cs\ ASn-p-Xp Fv Fv tNmZn-p. AXnp
Ah, {]`phpw \ymbm-[n]-Xnbpw Bn-b-h B?
an{k-bo-ays\ sIm-Xp-t]mse Fsbpw sImp-hm
`mhn-p-pthm Fp tNmZn-p. Atm Imcyw {]kn-ambn t]mbtm Fp tamsi ]d-p t]Sn-p. ^dthm Cu Imcyw tImsd tamisb sImp-hm At\zjn-p. tami ^d-thm k-n-[n-bn\nv HmSn-tm-bn.
(2. 11 15)
kao: Itm! ss__n- f nse ]pWymflmhpw aXm-Nm-cy-\p-amb tami-t]mepw t{Im[mZn-ZpKp-W-bp-\pw, sIme-bm-fnbpw I-s\tmse in-bn \nsm-fn-tm-Sp--h\pw
Bbn-cp-p. Imcyw ad-p-h-bvp Bfm-bn-cp-Xn-\m Iw ]d-bp--bm-fp-am-bn-cn--Ww.
C-c-sam-cm-fmWv ssZhs IXpw blqZ-aXw m]n-Xpw! ssZhhpw tami-sb-tmse-bm-bn. {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS aqe-]p-cp-j
tami-ap-X-ep--h ImS--nepw Ahn-Zybnepw Ign-n-cp--h-cm-Wv.
39. t\mt-X
- np Ah hcp-Xp btlmh I-tm
ssZhw ap-Sns \Sp-hn \np Ahs\ tamsi,
tamsi Fp hnfn-p. AXn\p Ah CXm Rm Fp
]d-p. Atm Ah, Ctm-p ASp--cpXp \o
\nevp ew hnip `qan-bm-I-bm Imen \np
sNcnp Agnp I-fI Fp Iev]n-p. (3-4,5)
365
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
366
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
367
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
368
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Xt _mt_ cmPm-hns `rXy-\mbn AI-Sn \mb-I\mb s\_q-k-c-Z bcq-i-te-an hp. Ah btlm-hbpsS Be-bhpw cmPm-[m-\nbpw Npp-I-f-p. AI-Sn
\mb-I-t\mSp IqSn-bp-m-bn-cp ImtZ-b-ssk-\y-samsbpw bcq-it- e-ans Npp-ap aXn-ep-Isf CSnp Ifp. (25 8, 9, 10)
369
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Ctm_v
61 ]nsbpw HcpZnhkw ssZh-]p-{X-m btlm-h-bpsS
kn-[n-bn \nev]m sNp. kmm\pw Ah-cpsS Iqn btlm-h-bpsS kn-[n-bn \nev]m sNp.
btlmh kmm-t\mSpx \o F-hnsS \np hcp-p. Fp
tNmZn--Xnp kmm btlm-h-tbmSp Rm `qanbn DuSmSn k-cn-np hcpp Fp-cw ]d-p.
btlmh km-m-t\mSp Fs Zmk-\mb Ctm-_ns
ta \o ZrjvSn hpthm? Ah-s\-tmse \njvI-f-\pw
t\cp-h
- \pw ssZh-`
- \pw tZmjw hn-Ie
- p-h
- \pw `qanbn Bcpw Ctm; Ah Xs `n apdp-n-n-Sn-psIm-n-cp-p; shdpsX Ahs\ \in-n-t--Xnp \o
Fs k-Xn-np Fv Acp-fn-s-bvXp. kmm
btlm-h-tbmSp: Xzn\p ]Icw Xzv; a\p-jy X\np-s
- Xm-sbpw Xs Poh-p-]I
- cw sImSp-p-If
- bpw.
\ns ssI\on Ahs Anbpw amwkhpw Hp
sXmSp-I. Ah \ns ap-J-pt\mn XyPnp ]d-bpw.
Fp-cw ]d-p. btlmh kmm-t\mSp: CXm Ah
\ns ssIn Ccn-p-p. Ahs {]mW-s\-am{Xw sXmScpXv Fv Iev]n-p. As\ kmm btlm-hbpsS kn-[n-hnp ]pd-sp. Ctm-_n-s\ D-m
apX s\dp-I-hsc hm-- ]-cp-p-I-fm _m[n-p. (2.17)
kao:- {InkvXym-\n-If
- psS ssZhw kh-\-sv CXn\np sXfn-bp-p. Bbn-cp-sn sNIp-m-s\-smv ]co-n-n--sXn\v? kzbw Adn-bp-am-bn-cp--sm. GsXnepw {InkvXym-\nv \mev]Xp cmhpw ]Iepw
D]-h-kn-m-\m-Iptam? tbip ssZh-]p-{X-\-mbn-cp-s-pw knn-I-sfmpw Cm--bm-fmbn-cp-spw sXfn-bp-p. As-n sNIp-
370
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
ms apnhv Ins\ A-am-m--sXm-Wv? kzbw hni--sX-s\? ssZh-ap-mnb Ins\ Bpw A-am-m Ign-bns--XmWv knmw. AXp-t]mse \nb-a amn-a-dn-m ssZh-n\pw Ign-bn.
Fs- m kh- - \ mb ssZh- ns
Fm IrXy-fpw Ip-a--Xm-Wv.
65. Fs ]nmse hcp-hn; Rm \nsf a\p-jysc
]nSn-p--h-cmpw Fp Ah-tcmSp ]dp. DSs\
Ah he-hn-tp Ahs\ A\p-K-an-p. (4-19,20)
kao:- ]g-b\
- n-ba
-
- nse ]pIev]\
- I
- f
- n
Am- a - t Xv "\n\p ZoLm- b p- p- mIphm \ns A-s\bpw A-sbbpw _lpam-\n" FXv10. tbip kzw amXm-]n-Xmsf ip{iq-jn-n-. ap--hsc B ip{iq-jbn\nIn. Cu A]-cm-[
- m-emhmw ZoLmbpv Inm--Xv. ays he-bns-Spn
XImcyw ImWp--Xp-t]mse a\p-jysc AIs-Sp-m tbip Hcp-aXw \S-mn Fv
CXn\nv sXfn-bp-p. tbip Cs\ Bbncp-s-n Cm-es ]mXn-cn-am a\pjysc he-bn IpSp-p--Xn Fm-Wmcyw? henb ay-sf [mcmfw he-bn-emp--h\v Gsd s]cp-abpw ]Whpw Inp--Xpt]mse hf-sc-tsc aX-n]n-Snp tNph\v IqSp-X t]cpw ]Whpw Inpw. thZim-kv{X- ]Tn-p-Itbm tIp-Itbm
sNm ]mh-sf he-bn IpSpn Ahsc
amXm-]n-Xm--fn\npw IpSpw-_-n\npw
AI-pXv CXp-sIm-m-Wv. Fm t{ijvT-hnZzmampw DNnXw, ChcpsS he-bn s]SmXn-cn-bpw A-\y s]Sp-Xv X-Sbp-IbpamWv.
66. ]ns tbip Keo-e-bn Hsbpw Npn k-cn-psImp Ah-cpsS ]n-If
- n D]-tZ-inbpw cmPy-ns
kphn-ti-jw {]kw-Kn-bpw P\-n-ep kIe Zo\sbpw hym[n-sbbpw kuJy-am-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. \m\mhym-[n-I-fmepw _m[-I-fmepw he--h, `qX-{K-kvX,
N{-tcmKn-I, ]-hm-X-m Cs\ kI-e-hn[ Zo\m-scbpw Ahs ASp- sImp-hp. Ah
Ahsc kuJyamn. 94-23,24)
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kao: t\mq-I. Imp-a-\p-jysc hniz-knn-m {InkvXp kzbw kzK-nse \ymbm[n] Na-bp-I-bm-Wv. CsXmw Adn-hn-m-hsc {]tem-`n-n-m sImmw.
71. Atm Hcp IpjvT-tcmKn hp Ahs\ \a-kvIcnp. Imth \n\p a\-p-s-n Fs ipam-p-hm Ignbpw Fp ]d-p. Ah ssI\on
Ahs\ sXmp F\n-p-a-\-pp, \o ipamI Fp
]d-p. DSs\ IpjvTw amdn Ah ip-am-bn. (8,2-3)
372
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kao:- I-n-\-\p-k-cnv ^ew e`n-psa-n ]m]w an--s-Sp-sav {InkvXym-\nI D]-tZ-in-p-Xp shdpsXbmWv. AXv icnsb-n CXv sXv. an-m-Xv an-bpw
]mSnmXv
anmXncn- bpw
sNpsap]d-bp ]w AXpw icn-b-.
Fs-m I-^ew ]qW-ambpw \evImXn-cp-m \ymbhpw Zbbpw ]qW-am-hp-I-bn.
77. Ahn-izm-khpw tIm-hp-ap Xe-ap-dtb, F{X-tmfw
Rm \n-tfm-Sp-IqsS Ccnpw? F{X-tmfw \nsf
klnpw? Ahs\ Fs ASp- sImp-hc
- p-hn.......
\np ISp-Ip-a-Wn-tbmfw hnizmkw Ds-n Cu
ae-tbmSp: Atmp \op-I Fp]dm AXp
\opw. \nv Hpw Akm-y-am-Ib
- p-an-. (17-17.20)
373
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
p. (19.23-24)
374
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kao:- Cutimtb! CXp-sIm-mw. \-{X hogp-sav GXp hnZy-sIm-m-Wv Ip]n- S n- - X v ? BIm- i - nse Cf--I p in
GXmWv? Aev]-sa-nepw Adn-hp-m-bn-cp-sn Ch-sbmw `qtKm-f--fm-sWpw hogpI-bn-spw Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-p. Bim-cn-hw-in-emWv tbip P\n--sXpw ac--Wn-I
am{Xta sNbvXn-cppspw Duln-mw. Cu
Imp-{]-tZ-iv, X\npw {]hm-NI
- \
- m-Im-sap
`qtXm- Z - b - a p- m- b n- mWpw. {]h- N - \ hpw
XpSn! Atlw \ Imcy--tf-m Nom-cy- ]d-n-p-v. B tZis Imp-a\p-jy AsXmw AwKo-I-cn-p. C-stmse ]ptcm-K-Xn-bpsS ]mX-bn-em-bn-cpp
Ap bqtdms-n CsXmpw Ah kzoIcn-n-m-bn-cp-p. Ctm Iptd hnZym-`ym-k-apm-bnpw \mp\Spw imTyhpw \nanw Cu
Ig-n-m aXw hnv kXy-amb thZ-amKn-tep Xncn-bm-Xv Ch-cpsS Ipd-hp-X-s.
83. BIm-ihpw `qanbpw Hgn-p-t]mIpw. Fs hN-\tfm Hgn-p-t]m-I-bn-. (24-35)
kao: CXpw Ahn-Zy-bpsSbpw A-XbpsSbpw hmp-I-fm-Wv. BImiw Ftm-msWm-gn-bpI? AXn-kq-jva-am-I-bm AZr-iyamb BImiw Hgn- b p- Xv Bcv Fs\
ImWpw? kzbw henw ]d-bp-Xv \-hp
tN-X-.
84. ]ns Ah CS-p--h-tcm-Sp: i]n--s--htc
Fs-hnp ]nim-Nnpw Ahs ZqX-mpw Hcp-nbn-cn-p \nXym-n-bn-tep t]mIp-hn. (25-41)
375
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kao: ]cn-jvIr-X\
- mb Bsc-nepw Cs\
sNptam? injy-mv Xnm sImSp-pXv Xs amwkhpw IpSn-m sImSp-pXv c-hp-am-sWv Ahn-Zzm-\mb Imp-a-\pjyt\ ]d- b q. CXn- s \- b mWv Cm- e s
{InkvXym-\n-I Ip_m\ ssIsm-p-Isbv ]d-bp--Xv. `y-t]-b- {InkvXphns chpw amwk-hp-am-sWp k-ev]np
Ign-p-Xv F{X-tam-i-s--Im-cy-amWv! kzw
Kpcp- h ns
c- a mw- k m- Z n- I - f m- s Wp
kev]np `n-p--hv A\y-cp-tSXv
Fs\ \njn--amIpw?
87. ]t{Xm--kn-s\bpw sks_-Zn-]p-{X-m Ccp-h-scbpw
Iqn-sm-p-sNp ZpxJnpw hymIp-e-spw XpS-n.
Fs Dw ac-W-th-Z-\-t]mse AXn ZpxJn-X-am-bncnpp. ChnsS Xma-knp Ftm-Sp-IqsS D-Wn-cnn Fp Ah-tcmSp ]d-p. ]ns Ah Aev]w
aptm-p-sNp. Ihn-p-ho-Wp. ]nXmth Ign-bp-sa-n
Cu ]m\- ] m{Xw F \np \on- t ]m- t I- W - t a.
376
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kao: B ZpjvS
- m tbip-hn-t\mSp ISp
{Iqc-X-Im-n. tbip-hnsbpw sXp-v. ssZhn\p ]p{X-\n-. ssZhw Bcp-sSbpw ]nXm-hpa Bbm ssZh-n\v izip-c\pw kyme\pw
apw Dm-IW
- w. \mSp-hmgn tNmZn-X
- n\v kXyamb Dcw \evtI--Xm-bn-cp-p. t\c-s
AZv`p-X-Ir-Xy- sNbvXn-p-m-bn-cp-s-n
Ctmgpw Ipcn- i n\n- n- d n kh- a m- \ htcbpw injy-cm-t--Xm-bn-cp-p. IqSm-sX,
ssZh-ns ]p{X-\m-bn-cp-s-n, ssZhw
377
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
At-ls cn-t-s\. tbip {XnIme Zinbm-bn-cp-s-n hon ssIbv Iensm-Sp-Xv cpNn-p-t\m-msX Dt]-n-m-ambn-cp-p. knn-I hXpw Dm-bn-cp-s-n
Fn\v Dds \ne-hn-fnv {]mW shSn-bWw? Hcp-h F{X kmay- Imn-bmepw
icn, Ah-km\w Ihpw kXyhpw thXn-cnbp-sav Adn-b-Ww. tbip B Imp-a-\p-jy-scm \- h - \ m- b n- c p- s v sXfn- b p- p.
Fm kn-t\m, ssZh-]p-{Xt\m, hnZzmt\m
Am-bn-cp-p. Bbn-cp-s-n ZpxJm\p`hw
Dm-hp-am-bn-cpn.
91. s]sp hen-sbmcp `qIw Dm-bn. Im-hns
ZqX kz-n\nv Cd-n-hp Ip-cpn \on AXnt Ccp-n-cpp...... Ah ChnsS C. Xm ]d-Xp-t]mse Dbns-gp-tp. Ah InS ew
hp Imn...... As\ Ah thK-n Ahs
injy-m-tcmSp Adn-bn-m HmSn-tm-bn. Fm tbip
Ahsc FXn-tc-p. \np h\w Fp ]d-p.
Ah ASp-p-sNp Ahs Im ]nSnp Ahs\ \a-kvIc
- np. tbip Ah-tcmSpw `b-s-tS \n t]mbn
Fs ktlm-Zc
-
- m-tcmSp Keo-tep t]mIp-hm ]d-hn
AhnsS Ah Fs ImWpw Fp ]d-p....... Fm ]Xn-s\mp injy-m Keo-eb
- ntbip Ah-tcmSp
Iev]n-n-cp aep t]mbn. Ahs\ I-tm Ah
\a-kvI-cn-p. Nnetcm kwi-bn-p. tbip ASp-p-sNp
kz-nepw `qan-bnepw kIe A[n-Im-chpw F\np
\-evIs
- -n-cn-p-p...... Rmt\m temIm-hk
- m-\t- mfhpw
\n-tfm-Sp-IqsS Dp Fp Acp-fn-s-bvXp. (28,2,6,9,10,1618, 20)
kao: Htkv Hcm-imcn Bbn-cp-p. ]mc-cy-a-\p-k-cnp {InkvXphpw Bbn-cp-p. hfsc-\m B ]Wn-sN-bvXp. ]no-SmWv {]hm-NI-\m-Im B{K-l-ap-m-b-Xv. As\ ssZh]p- { X- \ m- b n. B ]cn- j vIr- X - a - \ p- j y
As\bmn. Atm Ap-X- Imnp-S-n. Ahn-sS-sbmw A-n-{Z-ap-m-n.
eqtmkv Fgp-Xnb kphn-tijw
93. Fs \-h-s\p ]d-bp-sXv! ssZhw Hcp-h
AmsX \-h Bcpw C. (18.10)
kao: Cmcyw am-bn-bpsS kphn-ti-jn-en-m--Xn-\m Cu kmy-n\p km[pX-bn-. tbip -kn-t\m ApX sNp
Btfm Bbn-cp-s-n sltcm-Zm-hn\v Dcw
sImSp- p- I bpw Ap- X - Imp- I bpw
sNbvtX-s\. Ccw in-I-sfmpw tbiphn-\n-m-bn-cp-p.
tbml-ms kphn-tijw
95 BZn-bn hN\w Dm-bn-cp-p. hN\w ssZh-tm-SpIqsS Bbn-cp-p. -k-I-ehpw Ah ap-Jm-cw Df-hm-bn.
Df-hmbXp Hpw Ahs\ IqSmsX Df-hm-bX
-
- . Ah-\n
Poh Dmbn-cp-p. Poh a\p-jy-cpsS shfn--ambn-cpp. (1.1-4)
378
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Dm-bn-cpp Fp ]d-bp-Xv bp-a-s-mWv. hN-\-n\nv krjvSn-bp-m-hn-. ImcW- a psnte Dm- h q. hN- \ - a n- msX
\n_vZw {kjvSmhn\v krjvSn-m Ign-bpw,
Poh GXn Fm-bn-cpp? Cu hN\w
Poh A\m-Zn-bm-sWp knm-n-p-pthm?
Fn BZ-ns aqn Poh DuXn-sbp-]-d-bpXv I-ambn. Poh a\p-jy-cpsS
am{Xw shfn-tam? arK--fp-tS-Xt?
96. Amgw Bb-tm ]nimNp intams aI-\mb bqZm
CkvI-tcym-m-hns lrZ-b-n Ahs\ ImWnp
sImSp-m tXmn-n-cp-p. (13, 2)
379
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
p........ aqmw ap{Z s]mn--tm....... Idp \ndapsmcp IpXn-csb Ip...... \memw ap{Z s]mn-tm........ a-\n-d-ap IpXn-csb Ip. AXn-t
Ccn-p--hp acWw Fp t]. (6,1-5, 78)
kao: {InkvXym-\n-I hnNm-c-W--S-hp-Imcm-bn-cn-mw. Ah \ymb-n\p thn hne]n-p--X-Xn-m-hmw. thZ-amKw kzoI-cn-p-hv \ymb-n\p Imn-cn-t. DSt\
Inpw. {Inkv Xym- \ n- I - t fmSp tNmZn- Ww
CubnsS ssZh-ns tImSXn AS-n-cn-bmtWm? \ymb Imcy- \S- p- nt?
\ymbm-[n-]-m ]Wn-ap-S-n-emtWm? Ahv
D-c-sampw ]d-bm-\n! Cuiz-c-t\bpw I_fn-n-pp! Cuiz-c Ifn-n--s-Sp-Ibpw!
]dbpw app-Xs i{Xp-hns\ t\cn-Spp!
hm {]Xn-Im-c-_p-n-bp Ch Nmepw
sshcw hnSp-I-bn-. Fpw kam-[m-\-an-. kam[m-\-an-m-n-Sv ZpJ-n-\-dp-Xn-bp-an-.
106. An-hrw s]cp-m-psImv Ipep-op Imbn
DXnp--Xp-t]mse BIm-i-nse \-{X- `qanbn hoWp. ]pkvX-I-p-cp Npcppwt]mse BImiw
amdn-tm-bn. (6,13.14)
380
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kao: Iml-f-i_vZw tIv \{Xw B ZqXm-cpsS taem-bn-cnmw hoW-Xv. ChnsS hoWnt-bn-. shp-In-fn-I-sfbpw InW-dn-s\bpw {]fb-n-\p-thn ssZhw \nn-pthm? ap{Zt\mn shp-nfn Fs\ Bsf-n-cn-dnbpw? CsXmw a\p- j ysc `b- s - S pn
{InkvXym-\n-I-fm-m-\p AS-hm-Wv. AcpsS \mn \S-pw. Chn-sSbo Bcym-hn \S-p-I-bn-.
112 IpXn-c--S-bpsS kwJy ]Xn-\m-bncw aSv Ccp-]-Xn\m-bncw Fp Rm tIp (9 16)
381
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kao: {InkvXym-\n-If
- psS kzK-n sNp-h bp-ns ZpcnXw A\p-`-hn--W-am-
382
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
kao: temIsc hgn-sX-n-m sNIp-ms\bpw Pp--tfbpw Ab-bvp-I, \ a\pjytcmSp bpw sNn-p-I, CsXmw Ihm-cpsSbpw amS- n-am-c p-t Sbpw ]Wn- bt?
CsXmpw Cuiz-c-stbm `-m-cp-tStbm
]Wn-b-.
121. ]ns Rm kotbm ae-bn IpmSpw Ah-t\mSp-IqsS s\n-bn Ahs \mahpw ]nXm-hns \mahpw
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p \qn-\m-ev]-n-\m-em-bncw t]cpw \ne\n-ev-p-Xp Ip. (41.1)
kao: Iaw ]np-S-cpp Fv {InkvXym\n-I-fpsS ssZhw ]d-bp-Xp tIp-I. CXn\Yw Ia-n-\-\p-k-cnv Fm-hpw ^ew
\evI-s-Sp-sa--Xm-Wv. Ch ]d-bp--tXm,
tbip ]m]w ssIsImv an-p-sapw.
ChnsS _pn-am-m Hp Nnn-W
- w. ssZhw
]-d-bptXm Ch ]d-bp-tXm t\cv? cnsemt t\cm- b n- c n- q. atXp I- a m- W v .
kao: {InkvXym-\n-If
- psS ssZhw kh-\m-bn-cpsn kmn-I-sf-n\v? X\nsb
Fmw Adn-bm-a-tm. AXn-\m Cu ssZhw
kh\- s p sXfn- b p- p. a\pjys\tmse Aev]--\m-sW-n Cuizco-b-am-b-sXmpw sNm-\m-hn-. Ct-bn-. Cu
{]I-c-W-n ZqX-m-sc-n Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-sXm-pta kXy-n\p \nc-p--X-. F{XI-s-gp-Xm? \ndsb Ccw A_---fmWv.
125 Ah-fpsS AIrXyw ssZhw Hmn-p-ap-p. Ah
\np sNbvX-Xp-t]mse \n Ahp ]Icw
sNbv h n. Ah- f psS {]hr- n- I p X- h w
Ahp Cc-np sImSp-n. (18.5-6)
383
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
384
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Im-iw
Fn\p ]d-bpp? CXp icn-b. C-s\-bmsW-n kz]v\-n-se--hw anYym-h-N-\ ]d-bp tbml-m\pw Hcn-epw kzKn IS-p-I-bn-. tbiphpw ISp ImWpI-bn-. Hbvv Hcp ]m]nbvv kzK-n
IS-m-\m-hp-Ib
- n-s-n At\Iw ]m]n-If
- psS
]m]w Npa- p {Inkv X p Fs\ {]thinpw?
132 bmsXmcp im]hpw C\n Dm-Ib
- n-. ssZh-n-sbpw
Ipm-Snsbpw knwlm-k\w AXn Ccn-pw. Ahs
Zmk-m Ahs\ Bcm-[n-pw. Ah Ahs apJw
ImWpw. Ahs \maw Ah-cpsS s\n-bn Ccnpw.
C\n cm{Xn Dm-I-bn-. ssZh-h-amb Imhv AhcpsS ta {]I-in-p-X
- p-sImp hnf-ns shfn-tam
kqcy-s shfn-tam Ahp Bh-iy-an-. Ah
Ftp cmPm--m-cmbncnpw. (22,3-5)
kao: Ia-n-\p-X ^ew Inp-sa-m-sWn ]m]-n\p a-bn--Xs. an-p-san ]qhm-]-c-hn-cp--ambn. Npg-en-tcm-Kn-sbtm-em-bn. Acw Ak-Xy- AwKo-I-cnm-hp--X-. XymPy-am-Wv.
F{X- I - s - g p- X m- \ m- W v . ss__n- f n- s e
Htsd Imcy-fpw XymPyhpw JWvU-\o-b-hpam-Wv. Ipd-p-am{Xw t]cn\v FgpXnsb-t-bpq. _pn-am-mv Htsd CXn\np {Klnmw. Ipd-sm-gnsI asmw Iw Xs-bmWXn. I-n-t\mSp tN kXyw Aip-am-bn-cn-p--Xn-\m ss__n kzoIm-cyamb [a-{Ka. thZ-sf kzoI-cn-mte
kXyw shfn-hm-Iq.
(C-{Xbpw ss__n-fn-s\-n kzev]-sa-gpXn,
_pn-am-m-cpsS apn Gsd Ggp-Xn-h-bvpXv A\m-h-iy-am-Wv. C\n apkam-m-cpsS
aX-s-n Fgp-Xp--Xm-Wv.)
{ioa--bm-\--k-c-kzXn kzman-I cNn
kXymY{]-Im-i-n-se,
{InkvXpaX hnjbsf
JWvU-\a-WvU\w sNp
]Xn-aqmw kap-mkw Ign-p.
385
A\p`qanI \mev
Cu ]Xn-\memw kap-m-k
- n apkamm-cpsS aX-hn-j-b- Fgp-Xnbncnp-Xv
Jp- B s\ Bkv]- Z - a mnbmWv. ap
{Ksf1 Bkv]-Z-am-n-b-. apkamm JpB\n-em-Wtm ]qW-ambpw hnizkn-p--Xv.
GXm\pw Nne hmp-I-fpsS AYsnbpw ap-a-msX JpBs\-n hnhm-Z-samp-an-. JpB Ad-_n-`m-j-bn-em-Wv. auehn-am DZphn AXn-Yw Fgp-Xn-bn-p-v.
B Aw tZh-\m-K-cn-en-]n-bn-em-n-v,
lnn-`m-j-bn A-a-gp-Xnv, {]ikvX
Ad- _ n- h n- Z zm- mscsmv ]cn- t im- [ n- nmWv ChnsS Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p--Xv. Aw
icn-bm-bn Fmm\pw A`n-{]m-b-ap
]w aue-hn-am-cpsS X-a-Isf Ah
JWvU\w sNs. ]ns CXn-s\-n FgpXn-bm aXn.
Fs-m Cu teJ\w a\p-jy-cpsS
D-Xnbvpw kXym-kXy \nWbn\pw
thn-bmWv Fgp-Xp-Xv. Fm aX--sf-nbpw Aev]mev]w Adnhv thWw
Fw. a\p-jyp ]c-kv]cw hnNm-cW
hn\n-a-b-n--h-kcw Ins. ]c-kv]cw
tZmj-J-WvU\w sNbvXv KpWw {Kln-p-amdm-Is A\y-a-X-n-ttem Cu aX-nttem hrYm \Xpw XobXpw Btcm-]nnp IY-bn-. \Xp \-Xmbpw XobXv
Xob-Xmbpw Ghpw t_m[n-s Bcpw
BcpsS taepw Iw {]N- c n- n- tbm
kXys \ntcm-[n-p-Itbm sNm-Xn-cn-1. lZokv apX-em-b-h-b-sp Xmev]-cyw. lZokv Nne
apo-sf AwKo-I-cn-p-p-p.
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
14
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
kXym-{]-Imiw
Ckvfmw aX-hn-jbw
C\n bh-\-aX hnjbw hymJym-\nmw
apkam-m-cpsS aX-s-n C\n FgpXmw:
1. Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpw ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\p-amb Am-lp-hns
\ma-n (B-cw-`n-p-p)(`mKw 1. A[ymbw 1. hN\w
1)
387
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
I-bnt? GtXm Hcp Znh-k-amtWm \ymbw
sNp-Xv? CXn-setm Ccp-fn--bp-v. hnt[bXzhpw klm-b-am-h-iy-s-Sp-Xpw icn-X-s.
No-m-cy-n\pw klmbw Bh-iy-s-Sptam?
t\amKw apo-an-t-tX-bptm? ap--h-cptS- X - t ? t\amKw kzoI- c n- m- - s XsmWv? No-bn-tev t\amKw C-tm.
\ Ghpw Hp Xs-n, apo-an\v
hnti-jn-sm-n-. ap--hv \-bn-s-msW-n AXv ]-]m-X-at?
4. AXm-bXv \ns A\p-{K-l-p ]m{X-am-b-h-cpsS
amw. tIm]-n\p ]m{X-am-b-cp-sSbpw hgn-]n-g--h-cpsSbpw am-a-. (1.1-1.6 7)
388
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
ImXnepw ap{Z-Ip-n-bnpw AXp-sImv ]m]w
sNp-Xv Ah-cpsS tZmj-at? Cu tZmjw
ssZh-n-t-Xm-bn-cns Ah-cn kp-J-ZpxJtam ]m-]-]p-Wytfm hp-Iq-Sm--Xm-Wv.
]ns-n\v ASntev]npp? Fs-m
]m]tam ]pWytam Ah kzX-{-am-b--tm
sNbvXXv.
6. Ah-cpsS lrZ-b--fn Hcp tcmK-ap-v. Fnv (A-hcpsS lnX-n-s\-Xn-cmb \S-]S- n-Is
- f-Sp-v) Amlp AhcpsS tcmKw hnn-p-p. (1.1.2.10)
kao: Jp-B-\nse Cu -kzK-n\v temIn\nv FmWp hyXymkw? temI-nep--h-X-s-bmWv apo--fpsS kz-n-epXpw. hyXymkw C{X-tb-bp-q-k
- z-nse
BWp- Chn-S-s-tmse P\n-bpw acnbpw hcn-Ibpw t]mIp-Ibpw sNp-n-. ChnSs kv{XoI Fpw Pohn-p-n-. AhnSs CW-I Fpw Pohn-p-p. Ibm-a-ns (\ymb-hn-[n-\m)\m hcp--Xp-hsc Ahsc-s\ \m Xn-hn-Sp-sav Adn-hn-. JpZm2
Ah-tcmSv Zb-hp-Im-p-p-mhmw. Jp-Zm-bpsS
B{i-a-n \mfp-I Xn-hn-Sp-p-m-hmw.
Fn-eXp icn-X-s. Fs-m Cu apow
kzw tKmIp-et- Km-km-bn-If
- psS tKmtem-Ihpw
A-ehpw t]mse-bm-Wv. AhnsS kv{Xo]p-cpj-mv am\y-X-Iq-Sp-X-ep-v. AXp-t]mse
JpZm-bpsS hon kv{XoIp am\y-Xbpw
kvt\lm-Z-chpw IqSpw A{Xbpw ]pcp-j-m-tcmSn. kv{XoIsf JpZm kZm kz-n hncn-p-I-bm-Wv. ]pcp-j-msc Am-Xm-\pw. Cu
kv{XoI JpZm-hns A\p-{K-l-an-msX Fs\-bmWv kz-n ]mp-Xv? CXp icnbm-sW-n JpZm kv{XoPn-X-\t?
10. Amlp BZ-an\p kh-h-kvXp--fp-sSbpw t]cp-I
]Tn-n-p.-]n-oSv B km[-\--sf-sbmw aep-Ip
ImWn-p-sIm-Sp-np ""\n kXy-hm-Zn-I-fm-sW-n
Ch-bpsS t]cp-I FtmSp ]d-bpI Fv Ah Acpfn...... BZta! Ah-bpsS \m-a- \o Ahp ]d-psIm-Sp-pI Fv Amlp Iev]n--cp-fn. As\ BZw
Ch-bpsS \ma- ae-p-Ip ]d-p-sIm-Spp Ign2. apo- ssZh-n\p ]d-bp asmcp t]cv
389
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
-tm- BIm-i`- q-an-bnse AZr-iyImcy-sfmw F\n-dn-hp-s-pw..... Rm \n-tfmSp ]d-n-nt Fv
Amlp ae-p-I-tfmSp I-ev]n--cpfn. (1.1.2.31-33)
390
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
Jp-B Dm-bXp shdp-sX-bm-Wv. aqkmbvv
(tam-i) Ap-X-in \evIn-sbp ss__nfnepw Jp-B-\nepw Fgp-Xn-bn-p-v. ]t CXv
AwKo-I-cn-m-hp--X-. Fs-m As\
Ap sNbvsX-n Cpw sN-Ww. Ctmgn-m-Xv ]pw C. kzmn-I Cpw
Adn-hnmh-cpsS apn hn-cmbn \Snp--Xp-t]mse Apw Im]Syw ImWn-n-cn-Ww. JpZmbpw tkh-Icpw Cp-ap--tm.
]ns- mWv AZv ` p- X - i n Imm- Xpw
sNm-Xpw? aqkmbvv thZ-{Kw \evInsb-n hopw Jp-B Fn\p \evIn?
\Xpw Nobpw sNm\pw s
- N-m-Xn-cn-m\pw
D]-tZ-in-p-Xv kh{X Hcp-t]m-se-bm-Ib
- m
hopw hopw hn`n ]pkvX-I--fp-m-pXv ]p\-cp-n-tZm-j-am-Wv. aqkbvpw apw
\evInb ]pkvX-I-n ssZhw h-sXpw ]dn-cptm?
kao: t\mq Akw-`-hy-amb Ccw Imcy thdm-cm\pw ]d-bptam? Hcp In hSnsImSnm ]{-p-dh Hcn-epw Dm-hpI-bn-. B ]mdbvIw s]m-bmn shw
\ndv ]{v Zzmc-an-m am{Xta Cs\
shw Hgp-Iq.
17 \n \ny-cmb Ipcmcm-bn-o-cpI Fv
Atcw \mw Ah-tcmSp Iev]n-p. As\ B kw`hw Ap-h
- pw ]nevIm-e
- f
- n hcp-h
- pw \mw
Hcp ]mT-am-n-h-p. kqvaXbp--hv Hcp XtXzm-]tZ-ihpw. (1.1.2.65-66)
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
Aev]-tcm ]c-am-flmthm? Cuiz-c kh-\m-I-bm Aev]--cmb euInI a\pjy-sc-tmse Fn\p sNWw? ]c-kv]cw
tNmc-sbm-gp--cp-sXpw kz-msc IpSn-bnd--cp-sXpw ]d-bp--Xn-\w ap-a-X-mcpsS tNmc Nn-W-sapw Bn-tbm-Sn--Wsa-p-at? CXp \-Im-cytam? CXv anYybpw
aqV-Xbpw ]-]m-X-hp-am-Wv. {]Xnbvv
hncp--ambn {]hn-p-sav Cuiz-c-\-dn-hnm- b n- c ptm? apo- - f psS JpZmbv pw
{InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS ssZhn\pw kmZriyw
hfsc-bp-sv CXn \np sXfn-bp-p. JpB kzX-{-Ir-Xn-b-. Fs-m CXnse
Ipdp Imcy--sfm-gnsI asmw ss__n-fn
D-Xm-Wv.
21. ]c-tem-Is hnv Cl-tem-I-Po-hn-Xs ]Icw
hmnbhcs{X Ah. AXp-sImv Ah-cpsS in
eLp-I-cn-p-I-bn-. Ahv klmbw e`n-p-I-bpan.
(1.1.2.86)
* tbip
ff dplq IZvkv Fp-aq-ew. K{_n-tb F ]cn-ip-mflmhv tbiphnsmw kZm Dm-bn-cp-t- {X.
kao: A\ysc \n kXy-\n-tj[n (Im^n)Isfp hnfn- p- t m Ah \nsfbpw As\ hnfn-p-I-bnt? Ah-cpsS aXnse Cuiz-c-s\-smp `p ]d-bn-p-Ibnt? Ch-cn-em-cmWv icn? BcmWv sXv?
Nnn-m Fm aX--fnepw sXp-ImWmw.
kXyw Fm-bn-Spw Hp-Xs Bbn-cn-pw.
Cu hgpw hm-W-hp-samw shdpw hnUvVn-am-Wv.
24 kXy-n hniz-kn-p--hv Hcp am-Zi-\hpw
Hcp ktm-j-hm-bp-am-Wv..... h-hcpw Am-lp-hnsbpw Ahs ZqX-m-cp-sSbpw Pn_vco K{_n-tb
aomCu ssat Fn-h-cp-sSbpw i{Xp-hm-bnom, Am-lphpw (A-c
- w) kXy-\n-tj-[n-If
- psS
i{Xp-hm-p-p. (1.1.2.97-98)
392
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
A\m-kvY-bp-mn I-hn-ap-J-cm-pw.
26. thZ-m-cn ]ecpw \nsf kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-fmn
amm-\m-{K-ln-p-p. (1.1.2.109)
D: kh-i--s\-m-se-m-Ww?
* I A_m ancw
393
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
p- Xp \mw ImWp- p- v . \o Xr]v X n- s - S p
Jn_vebpsS t\sc \manXm \nsXncn-m t]mIp-p.
\ns apJw BZ-cW
- o-ba
- mb {]m\ma-n-c
- ns `mKtp Xncn-pI. \n Fhn-sS-bn-cp-mepw \nfpsS apJw AXns `mK-tp Xncn-p-I. (1.2.2.144)
394
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
\ntmssZh-ns ]pkvX-I-ntem hcm-hp-X-.
35 {hX-cm-{Xn-bn \n-fpsS `mcy-am-cp-ambn kl-h-knp-hm \n-sfbnXm A\p-hZ- n-n-cn-p-p. Ah \nfp-tSbpw \n Ah-cp-sSbpw hkv{X-am-Wv. kzw tZl-tfmSv \n A\oXn {]hn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-psv Amlp {Kln-p-I-gn-n-p-v. ]t Amlp
\n-fpsS sXp-Ip amp-\e
- vIp-Ibpw s]mdp-p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-p-p. AXp-sImv sh-\q Idp-p-\q-epambn thXn-cnp ImWp-hm Ign-bpw-ht- cbvpw ({]-`mXw
htc-pw) taen Ah-cp-ambn kl-h-kn-p-sIm-p-I.
(1.2.2.187)
395
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
Am-l p-hns\ \n-sfmcp XS-amn hbv cp- Xv .
(1.2.2.222,223,224)
BIm-i`
- q-an-I Dsm-p-X
- mWv Ahs knwlm-k\w. (1.3.2.255)
kao: ssZh-n\v IS* sImn-sp {]tbmP\w? PKXv {kjv S mhv a\p- j y- t cmSp ISw
hmp-Itbm? Hcn--ep-an-. Adn-hn-m--htc
Cs\ ]d-bq. JpZm-bpsS JP-\mhv iq\yamtbm? lpnbpw ]oSn-Ibpw \S-p hym]mc-n apgp-In ISw-sIm-p-I-bm-hptam? Hpn-cn sImSp-m-sap ]d-bp-Xp tk-mcpsS ]Wn-bt? CsXmw -Zo-hm-fn-Ip-fnv,
sNehv A[nIw sNbvXv ISw Ib-dn-b-htc
sNq. Cuiz-c sNp-I-bn-.
41. As\ kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn--hcpw kXys
a\- ] qw \ntj- [ n- - h cpw Ah- c n- s - b p- v .
Amlp Dtins-n Ah ]c-kv]cw s]mcp-Xp-I-bnm-bn-cp-p. Xm\p-t-in-p-Xv Amlp {]hn-pw.
(1.3.2.253)
kao: Dt-in-p-h
- v Xz-m\w \evInbm Dt-in-m-h
- v Am\w \evIp-ambn-cn-pw. Cu hmp-I Cuiz-co-ba
-
- . ]-]mX-an-msX mt\m-]t- Ziw \evIn-bmte Cuizc\pw B]vX\pw Bhq, amcpw Bhp-Ib
- n-.
396
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
46. ]en-ih
- m-n-n-p-h
- ...... \c-Ih
- m-kn-If
- m-bn-cnpw.
(Sn. 275)
kao: Ah I_-dp-I-fns InS- t ptam? F{X-Im-e-tv? Ccw Akw-`-hI-Y-\- _me-_p-n--msX thZ-]p-kvXI-n\p tNcp--X-.
47. Xm\p-t--in-p-h
- v Ah s]mdp-p-sIm-Sp-p-p.
Xm\p-t-in-p--hsc Ah inn-pw. Amlp ki--\m-Ip-p. (1.3.2.284)
397
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
AIm-c-n-epam-Wv. C\n apl-Zp \_nbpsS eoe t\mq; Fs ]w ]nSn-m
JpZm \n-fpsS ]-mIpw; \n ]]mXw Imn-bmepw anp Xcpw. CXn\nv
a\- n- e m- m- h p- Xv apl- Zv \_nbpsS
lrZbw ip-a-m-bn-cp-s-m-Wv. AXn-\m
XImcyw t\Sp--Xn\v Atlw Jp-B
Dm- p- I tbm Dm- ntbm sNbv X XmsWp a\-n-em-mw.
51. "Hm abw! Amlp \ns DIr-jvS-bmbn Xnc-sSp-p-Ibpw (kh-Kp-W--fn\n-pw) \ns ]cn-ip-bmn shp-Ibpw temI-p kv{XoIfnhv \ns
DIr-jvS-bmbn Xnc-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-p-p.
(1.3.3.42)
kao: apkam-msc aqhm-bncw ae-p-I-sfbn-dn XpW-n-cp-s-n, Cv km{am-Py-sfmp hfsc \jvS-s-npw \jvS-s-p-sImncp- npw XpW- b v m- s Xt? CXp
shdpsX {]tem-`\w \evIn aqV-msc AIs-Sp-m-\p alm A\ym-b-am-Wv.
54 kXy\ntj-[n-I-fmb P-\-Xbvv FXn-cmbn Rsf
klm-bn-p..... Am-lp-hmWv \n-fpsS cm-[n-Im-cn.
Ghpw \-mbn klm-bn-p--h\pw Ah-\m-Wv......
\n Am-lp-hns am-n h[n--s-p. Asn ac-Wa
- S-
p..... Fm..... Am-lp-hn\np e`np A\p-{Klw D-a-am-b-Xp-Xs (1.4.3.146,149,156)
kao: apkam-m-cpsS sXp t\mq. CX-c-aX- msc sImm ssZ- h - t mSp {]mnpp! CXp-tIm Cuiz-c shdpw km[phmtWm? apo--fpsS cm-[n-Imcn Am-lphm-sW-n Ah ]cm-P-b-s-Sp--sX-mWv?
JpZm apkam-m-tcmSv taml-n s]n-cnptm? JpZm Cs\ ]-]mXnbmsWn [am-flm-v D]m-k-\o-b-t\-b-.
55 AZr-iy-Im-cy- \np shfn-s-Spn Xcp
]Xnhv Am-lp-hn-\n-. Xs ZqX-m-cn CjvSa
- p-h
- sc
Ah Xnc-s-Sp-p-p. AXp-sImv \n Amlp-hnepw A-hs ZqX-m-cnepw hniz-kn-p-I. (1.4.3.179)
kao: Am-lp-hn-e-msX am-cnepw hniz-knp-I-bnpw Bcpw JpZm-bpsS kmn-bspw ]d-bp apo- {]hm-N-I-\n
JpZmbvp Xpey-X-bp \ I-sX-s\?
Amlp {]hm-N-I-\n hniz-kn-m ]d-bpp. Atm {]hm-N-I\pw Am-lphpw Xpeycm-bn. ]ns, Asp ]d-bp-Xp icn-b.
CXn-w , apl--Zv\_n {]hm-N-I-\m-Ibm hniz-kn--W-sa-m-sWp a\-n-em-nbmepw apl- Zv \_n- b psS Bh- i y- I X
Fs {]iv \ w DZn- p- p. {]hm- N - I - \ mmsX JpZmbvv kzw Imcyw \n-ln-m
Ign- h n- s - m- s W- n JpZm Ak- a Y- \ msWp hcp-p.
56. kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf! an-p-I..... FXni-n-Isf
kqn-p-sImp kwL-Snp \nevp-I. Amlphns\
kqn-p-Ibpw sNp-I. (C-sXmw D]-tZ-in-p-Xv)
\n PohnX hnPbw -{]m-]n-p--hm-\m-Ip-p. (1.4.3.200)
398
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
\evIp--bm kam-[m\ `RvP-I-\m-Wv. \maam-{X-ambn JpZmsb `b-s-m apn Inptam
AtXm A[a-bp--amb bps `b-sm Inptam? BZy-t-Xm-sW-n `b-s-SpXpw `b-s-Sm-Xpw Xpey-am-Wv. cm-a-tXm-sW-n icn-X-s.
57. CsXmw A-mlphns ]cn-[n-I-fm-Wv. Bsc-nepw
Am-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs -Zq-X-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-m
Ahs\ Nne-tXm---fn Amlp {]th-in-n-pw. AhbpsS Xmgv`m-K
- f
- n-eqsS Acp-hn-Is
- fm-gp-n-sm-n-cn-pw.
Ahn-sS-bmWv Ah imiz-Xa
- mbn \nh-kn-p-I. AXs{X
al-mb hnP-bw. Fm hhcpw Am-lp-hn-sbpw
Ahs ZqX-sbpw Iev]\ ewLn-p-Ibpw Am-lphns ]cn-[n-Isf Ih-p-sh-bvp-Ibpw sNbvsX-n
Ahs\ Amlp \c-I-n {]th-in-npw. AXn-emW-h imiz-X-ambn \nh-kn--I. Ah-mWp \nm-h-lamb in A\p-`-hn-t-n-h-cn-I. (1.4.4.13-14)
\-sp \n-bw. k--\m-sW-n FgpXn- h - b vp- - s X- n\v? Bfp- I sf hgnsXnpXv C_n-eo-km-sWp apkam-m
]d-bp--s-nepw, Bfp-Iv ssZhw hgnIm-Wn-p-I-bn-sp ]d-bp-tm C_n-eokpw
JpZmbpw Xn FmWv hyXymkw? ssZhw
henb C_n-eokpw sNIp-m Ndnb C_neokpsa hyXym- k ta Dmhq. apow
hnizmkw, hn-p--h C_n-eo-km-sW-mIp- p. Cu hnizmkw JpZmsb sNIpm\mpp.
60. Ah-cpsS ssIIsf XS-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-n-s-n Ahsc ]nSnp-Ibpw Ip-ap-p-n-S-p-hv sImp-Ibpw
sNp- I . Ahs- X n- c mbn (bp- w- s N- p- - X n\v )
\nnXm hy-amb A[n-Imcw \evIn-bn-cn-p-p.
Hcp kXy-hn-izm-knsb h[n-p-hm asmcp kXy-hn-izmknpw A[n-Imcw C. h kXy-hn-izm-kn-sbbpw A_-ambn h[npt]mbm Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn-bmb ASnasb kzX-{-\m-t--Xm-Wv. Ahs IpSpw-_-v
Ahs Poh-\-jvS-n\p {]Xn-^ew \Ip-Ibpw
thWw. ]t Ah amp sNp-I-bm-sW-n \tI-Xn-. C\n h[n--s--h \n-fpsS i{Xp-k-ap-Zm-bns-h\pw Hcp apo-ap-am-Wv. Fm Hcp apow
ASn-asb kzX-{-\m-t--XmWv..... Hcp kXy-hn-izmknsb h-h\pw a\x-]qw h[n-m- Ah-\p {]-Xn^ew \c-I-am-Ip-p. Ah Ahn-sS-bmWv imiz-X-ambn
\nh-kn-p-I. Ah Amlphns tIm]-n\pw im]n\pw ]m{X-am-bn-o-h-\m-Wv. (1.5.4.91-93)
399
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
hgn-bn k-cn-m-Xn-cn-m\pw Fgp-Xn-bn-cnp--Xt{X kthm--aw-.
61. ssZh-Zq-X-\p-ambn FXnp \nevp-Ibpw kXyhnizmkn-I-fptSX-m ams ]nXp-S-cp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-p-s-n Ah Xncn-bp `mK-tv \mw
Ahs\ Xncn-p-hnSpw. Ah-km\w \c-I-n -Fn-pIbpw sNpw. (1.5.4.115)
kao: Ctmgpw ssZh-n\p XpW-bvm-fnsp ]d-bmtam? klm-bn-bn-sp ]d-bpIbpw ae- p- I - s f- n {]kv X m- h n- p- I bpw
sNp- Xv ]c- k v]chncp- - a - t . aqp
{]mhiyw an-p ssZhw ]noSv an-m-sX-mWv? aqp XhW kXv\n-tj[w
sNbvXm hgn-Im-ptam? \mep-X-h-Wbvp
tijw hgn-Im-p-Ib
- nt? \mep XhW \ntj[n-m \ntj[w IqSp-I-tb-bp-q. (A-X-\p-kcnv hgn-Im-epw IqS-Ww).
63. Amlp I]-Sh
- n-izm-kn-Is
- fbpw kXy\ntj-[n-Is
- fbpw
apgp-h\pw \c-I
- n Hcp-an-p-Iq-pw..... I]-Sh
- n-izm-kn-I
Am-lp-hns\ h-n-pp.... kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf! kXyhn-izm-kn-I-sf-hnv kXy-\n-tj-[n-Isf \n Bfl-an-{X-fmn hbv-cp-Xv. (1.6.4.140,142,144)
Iqp-Iq-Sn-sm-s. JpZm Ah-tcmSpw IqSnsm-s. Fs-m ""Nn-sm Nc'' Fptm. NXn-b ssZh-ns D]mk-Icpw NXn-b-m-cm-Ip--Xn-se-mWZv`pXw?
ZpjvS-\mb ap-o-an-t\mSv ssa{Xnbpw \-h-\mb
A\y-t\mSv hntZz-jhpw DNn-X-amtWm Fmtem-Nn-p-I.
64. a\p- j ysc! \n- f psS cn- X m- h n- \np
kXyhpw sImmWv (A-hs
- ) ZqX \n-fp-sS-bS- p-
hn-cn-p--Xv. AXp-sImv (A-tln) \n
hniz-kn-p-I. Amlp Htc-sbmcp ssZh-am-Ip-p. (1-64.170-171)
kao:-- C{Xbpw ]Zm- sf \njn- - a mbptm? ap arK-fpw Xncy-p-I-fpw, IoSm-ZnIfpw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-bn-cnpw. CsXmw a\pjy-k
- e
- v]
- f
- m-Wv, Cuiz-ct- -X
- . AXn-\m
{]am-W-hp-a-.
66. Am-lp-hn\v \ \ne-bvp ISw sImSp-p-Ibpw
sNp--]w \n-b-ambpw \n-fpsS sXp-Isfmw
Rm amp-I-f-bp-Ibpw Xmgv`m-K-qsS Acp-hn-I HgpIn-sm-n-cn-p Nne tXm-f
- n \mw \nsf {]thin-n-bpw sNpw. (2.6.5.12)
400
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
\evIn-bn-n-m-Xp \npw \evIp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
(2,6,5.18-20)
401
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
Ibpw ]ns knwlm-k-\-n Ccn-p-Ibpw
sNp CuJpZm kh-i-n-amt\m khhym-]ntbm A. AXp-sImv CXv JpZm-b-.
Cu JpZm s]m- \ mtWm? hnfn- mte
tIpthm? CsXmpw Cuiz-c-c-Nn-X-a-.
JpB Cuiz-co-b-hp-a-. BdpZ-i-I-fmbn PKp-m-n, Ggmw Zi-bn hn{i-a-hp-ambn!
oWn- p- t ]m- b - X mhmw! InS- p- d - n- b nv
CXphsc Fgpt-n-nt? Fgptsn h]-Wnbpw sNp-ptm? AtXm shdpsX Aek-\m-bn-cpv kpJn--bmtWm?
73 `qanbn Ipg-a
- p-m-n-smv \mi-Im-cn-If
- m-bn-oc-cp-Xv. (2.8.7.74)
76 \n-ba
- mbpw Fs \o ImWp-Ib
- n-. AXns\ Ah
IjvWw IjvWa
- m-n-f
-
p. aqkm t_m[-cl
- n-X\
- mbn
hoWp. (2.9.7.143)
402
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
p-I shn-sm-p-I. Ah-cpsS hnc-ep-I-sfmw shnap-dn-bvp-I. (2.9.8,7,9,12)
kao: Amlp apkvfow ]-]m-Xntbm? FneXv A[-am-Wv. Cuiz-c Fm krjvSn-bptS-Xp-am-Wv. hnfn-msX ssZhw tIn-t?
_[n-c-\mtWm? Ah-t\m-sSmw {]hm-N-I
klm- b n- b m- b Xv \m- b n- . Am- l p- h ns
GXp JP-\m-hmWv \nd-n-cn-p--Xv. hnm? {]hm-N-I-tbpw Ah-cp-tSbpw JP-\mshm-gnsI asmw sIm-bS- n-mtam? Cs\
D]-tZ-in-m Am\npw A[n-pta
Ign-bq. KqVm-tem-N\ \S-p-Ibpw \S-p-h-tcmSv tNcp-Ibpw sNp JpZm Im]-Sy-ntbpw NXn-bp-tSbpw A[-n-tbpw ssZhat? Cu Jpdm ssZh-Ir-X-ta-b-. GtXm
Im]-Sy-m--c NXn-b Dm-n-bX
- m-Wv. Asn C-s\-sbms FgpXn hbvptam?
81 Iogvhgw Am-lp-hnpam{Xam-bn-o-cp-Ibpw sNp-Xp-hsc Ah-cp-ambn bpw sNp-I. \np h
[\hpw e`n-n-p-s-n AXns An-sem-cwiw Amlp-hnpw ZqX-pw. Ah-Im-i-s--Xm-Ip-p. (2.9.8.39-41)
403
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
tN-X. Ccw hN-\--fp Jp-B
Cuiz-c-h-N-\-ta-b-.
84. Ah-bn-emWv Ah imiz-X-ambn \nh-kn-p-I. almb {]-Xn^ew Am-lp-hn--em-Wp-Xv. kXy-hn-izmkn-Itf! \n-fpsS ]nXm-
- mcpw ktlm-Zc
-
- mcpw kXyhn- i zm- k - n- s \- X n- c mbn kXy- \ n- t j- [ - s - b mWv kvt\lnp--sX-n Ahsc \n-fpsS cm-Im-fmn sh-cp-Xv. ]noSv Amlp Xs ZqX-\nepw
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifnepw Ahs ] \np a\x-kam-[m\w Cd-n-
- p.... \np ImWp-hm Ign-bm
Nne ssk\y--sfbpw Ah Cd-n. Fnp kXy-\ntj-[n-Isf Ah inn-p..... kXy-\n-tj-[n-Iv {]Xn^ew CX- s {X.... ]noSv CXnp tijw Xm
Dtinp-h-cpsS sXv Amlp s]mdp-p-sIm-Sppw....... kXy-a-X-n\p Iogvsp Pohn-m--h-cp-amb
thZ-m-tcmSv bpw sNbvXp-sIm-pI. (2.10.9.22, 23, 26,
27, 29)
kao: kz-n-ep-h
- c
- psS ASp-mWv JpZmsb-n Ah k-hym-]n-b. k-hym-]nsb-n krjvSn-Imthm \ymbm-[o-it\m
Bhp-I-bn-. kzw amXm-]n-Xm--sfbpw an{X-sfbpw AI-p-Xv shdpw A\ymbamWv.
No D]-tZiw sNbvXm AXv tI-cp-Xv.
]t Ahsc kZm ip{iq-jn--Ww. ]v
JpZmbvv apo--tfmSv henb kvt\l-am-bncp-p. Ahsc XpW-bvm ssk\ys CdnsmSppambncpp. Ctm-g-s\ sNm-sX-mWv? Im^-dn-sf innnv ]noSv
Ahp t\sc Cd-p-am-bn-cp JpZm Ctmsg- h n- s S- b mWv? bp- a n- msX kXy- h nizmkapm- m ssZh- n\p Ign- b n?
Ccw ssZh-n \nv AIse \nevmw.
CsXp ssZhw? shdp-samcp Iqm--m-c!
85. Am-lp-hn-\np t\cntm AX-s-n RfpsS ssIp-X-stbm Ah \nv B]-p-hcpn shbvp-sa-mWv \n-fpsS Imcy-n R{]-Xonncn-p--Xv. (2.10.9.52)
404
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
Zb-bn-m-bvabpw A\ym-b-hp-am-Wv. CXv JpZmbpsS JpZm-Xz-n\v Ifw Nmn _pn-amm-cnepw [mn-Ic
- nepw Ah-b
- p-fh
- m-Ip-p.
89. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-sf, \n-fp-sS-b-Spp Xma-kn-p
kXy \ntj-[n-I-tfmSp kacw sNbvXp-sIm-p-I. Ah
\n-fn ]cp-j-kz-`mhw ImW-s. Hmtcm sImhpw Hcp
{]mh-iytam As-n cp-{]m-hi
- ytam B I]-Sh
- n-izmkn-Isf Hmtcm Xcw B]-p-I-fn AI-s-Sp-n-smn-cn-p-Xv Ah ImWp-nt? Fn-p-IqSn Aq-
]m--]np hnc-an-pItbm Nnn-p-Itbm sNp-n-tm. (2.11.9.123,126)
kao: BImiw Hbpw Bcpw krjvSn-m-Xp-amb A\m-Zn-bm-Wv. AXp krjvSn-s-s-gpXnb Jpdm Im-hn\v ]Zm-hnZy Adnhn-m-bn-cp-p. Cuiz-c\v Bdp-Zn-hkw (Zni)
thtWm krjvSn-m? "Dmhv' Fm-m]n-m Dmhpw Fv Jp-B-\ns ]dn-cns Bdp-Zn-h-ktam (Bdp Zni-I-tfm)
thn- h - c p- n. AXn- \ m Cu Bdns
IWv icn-b-. hym]-I-\m-sW-n apI-fn
knwlm- k - \ - n- s e- n- \ n- c n- Ww? Imcy"\nb-{n-pI-I-bm-sW-n JpZm a\p-jyXp-ey-\m-Wv. kh--\mb ssZhw m\-apd-n-n-cpv Bkq-{XWw sNbvXp \nb-{n-p-sX-n\v? AXn-\m Cuiz-ck
- z-cq-]a
- d
- n-bm
{]mIr-X-cmWv Cu ]pkvXIw cNn--sX-p-sXfn-bp-p.
91. A-mlphns ImcpWyhpw Ahs A\p-{K-lhpw
aqew am{X-amWv Cu Jp B \nv.... (3.11.10.58)
405
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
Cuiz-cI
- r-Xa
-
- n-Xv. GtXm a\p-jy a\pjyNcn{X-sa-gp-Xn-b-Xm-Wv.
96. XqWp-I IqSm-sX-Xs BIm-i-a-WvU-e-sf
Dbn-h-n-cn-p--h-\s{X Am-lp. Ah Xs
knwlm-k-\-n m\-ap-d-np. kqcy-s\bpw N{s\bpw Ah Iogvs-Sp-n-h-p. `qap-Js hnim-e-amn-bn-Sp-I-bpw...... Ah BIm-ip \np ag s]np-p..... tXmX-\p-k-cnp hcn-sh--sam-gp-Ipp.... Xm\pt- i n- p- - h v Amlp karnbmbn Blmcw
\evIpp. ]cn-an-X-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNp-p. (3.13.13.23,17,26)
kao:apow-ssZ-h
- n\p ]ZmY-hnZy Adn-pIq-Sm. Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-s-n BIm-i-n\p
XqWpw Xmpw sImSp-p IY ]d-bp-I-bnm-bn-cp-p. knwlm-k-\-n Ign-bp JpZm
kh-i-\pw kh-hym-]nbpw Bhp-I-bn-.
taL-hn-Zy- A-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-s-n BIm-i-p\np ag s]n-p-s-s-gp-Xp-I-bn-. `qanbn\np
shw
tatem- s m- g p
sbspsIms-gp-Xn-bn-? JpdmIm-c\v
taL- h n- Z ybpw Adn- h n- m- b n- c p- p. \Xpw
Nobpw sNm kpJ-Zpx-J- \evIpXpsImv ]-]m-Xnbpw A\ym-b-m-c\pw
\nc--c-Ip-n-bp-am-Wv.
97. Xm\p-t-in-p-h
- sc A-mlp hgn-Im-Wn-msX hnSpp. ]m--]np aS-p--hsc Xs ASp--tev
Ah hgn-Im-Wn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. (3.13.13.27)
kao: Jp-B FhnsS \nmWv hn-d-nbXv? ssZhw apI-fn-emtWm? Fn- GItZin-bm-I-bm ssZh-a--Xv. Fs-m ssZhw
kh{X Hcpt]mse hym]n-n-cn-p-p. kti-sa-n-p-Xv kt-i-hm-l-Is tPmen-bmWv. kt-i-hm-l-I a\p-jy-s\-tmse GItZ-in-bm-b -h -\ p-a-X n. IWv FSp- pXpw
Xop-Xpw a\p-jys tPmen-bm-Wv, ssZhn-t-X-. Fs-m ssZhw kh--\mWv. \n-b-ambpw Jp-B GtXm Aev]-\mb a\p-jy Fgp-Xn-b-Xm-Wv.
99. CS-ap-dn-bmsX k-cn-p-sIm-n-cn-p hn[-n
kqcy-s\bpw N{-s\-bpw...... a\p-jy XnI A{Ianbpw Aev ] wt]mepw \n- b n- m- - h \pw Xs.
(3.13.14.33.34)
kao: kqcy\pw N{\pw kZm k-cn-ptm `qan k-cn-p-nt? Cs-n cm]I-ep-I hj-t- fmfw \o-Xm-hpw. a\p-jy
B{Ianbpw \n-bn-m--h-\p-am-sW-n JpB-\n \np inWw tXSpXp shdp-sXbm-Wv. ]m]w sNp--XmWv kz`m-h-sa-n
]pWym-flm-m Dm-hp-Itb C. temIv
]pWym-flm-mfpw ]m]n-Ifpw kZm ImW-sSp-p. AXn-\m Cmcyw Cuiz-c-Ir-X-amb
{K-n-te-X-.
100. Rm cq]-s-Sp-p-Ibpw Fs Poh AXn Rm
DuXp-Ibpw sNbvXp-I-gn-m B a\p-jy\p \n
kmjvSmwKw \a-kvI-cn-p-sIm--Ww. ....... Fs cnXmth! Rm hgn-]n-g--h-s\p \o hn[n Iev]n-n-cnsImv `qan-bn a\p-jyp Rm ]eXpw Aew-IrX-amn ImWnp sImSp-pw. Fnv Ahsc Rm hgn]n-g-npw. (3-14.15,29,39)
406
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
Wv. FmbnSpw {]hm-N-Isc Ab-s-n
Bcym-h-n-em-sc-bm-W-b-Xv? CsXmw
ip s]mfn-bm-Wv.
JpZm Dt-in-pp ]d-bpp `qan-bp-m-Is--v. B PU-hkvXp Hcn-epw tIn-.
ssZhw Fn\v B ]pd-s-Sp-hn-Ww?
JpZm-b-msX asm-p-an-s-n-cns BcmWv
Iev]\ tIXv? Dm-b-sXv? CsXmw AhnZy-bm-Wv. Am-\n-Itf CsXmw hniz-kn-q.
102 Amlphn\v Ah-cXm s]asf m]n-p-p.
hmkvX-h-n Ah ]cn-ip--\-s{X..... Am-lp-hmWp
kXyw. (Zq-X-msc) \mw Ab-npv. (3.14.16.57-63)
kao: JpZm ap{Z-h-s-n B ]mh- A]cm-[-sampw sNmsX acn-p-Im-Wpw. Fsm Ahsc ]cm-[o-\-cmn. CsX{X henb
IpamWv? ]nsdbpp, sNbvX-Xn\p Xh-w, \-hw G-p-dh
- n-m-sX-bmWv! Ah
kzX-{-ambn ]m]w sNbvXn-. JpZm sNn-Xp-sImmWv sNbvX-Xv. Atm-gmXv Ah-cpsS
A]-cm-[-a-. AXns ^ehpw Ahp e`n- c pXv . ssZh- n- \ mWv ^ew Int- - X v .
]q-ambn \Ip-sa-n an-p-sap ]d-sX-mWv? an-p-sa-n AhnsS \ymban- m- X mIpw. Cu Kpep- a m- e - [ ymbw CuizctX Xs. _pn-bn-m Ipn-I-fp-tS-XmWv.
104. \cIw kXy-\n-tj-[n-Ip Pbn-em-bn-mWv \mw
\n-bn-n-cn-p--Xv....... Fm a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw iIp-\sf Ah-cpsS ]nI-gp-n \mw _n-n-cn--bm-Wv.
]p\-cp-m\ Znhkw Ah\v Hcp {Kw \mw ]pd-ts-Sp-p-sIm-Sp-pw. AXv Xpd-p-h-n-cn-p-Xv Ah
ImWpw...... \qln\ptijw F{X Xe-ap-d-I-sf-bmWp \mw
\in-np If--Xv. (4.15.17.8.13,17)
kao: Xam-i-Xs! ssZh-ns Ap-X-I-c-fmb \nc-h[n AS-bm-f--fn-cns Hscm-Is ssZh-ap-s--Xn\p sXfn-hmbn \evIp-sX-n\v? sNIp-ms\ hgn-]n-g-n-m
Bm-]n--tm JpZm Xs sNIp-ms
bP-am-\\pw Fm ]m]hpw sNn-p--Xn-\p-c-hm-Znbpw Bbn. C-s\-sbm-ns\ ssZhsap ]d-bp-Xv shdpw A-X-bm-Wv. Ibm-
407
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
a-ns \mfn ({]-f-b-n) am{Xta \ymbhn[n \S-p--Xn\v {]hm-N-I-s\bpw hnizmkn-I-sfbpw hnfnq. Fn AXp-hsc Ah
hnNm-cW
-
- S- h
- p-Im-cm-bn-cn-ptam? A-s\-bmsW-n \ymbw \S-p--Xp-hsc Ah-scmw
ZpxJn-X-cm-bn-cn-tb Dq. AXn-\m thKw
\ymbw \S-p--XmWv \ymbm-[n-]p--aw.
IqSmsX Cu \ymbw "A-Im-c-]p-cn-bnse
{`m cmPm-hns' \ymb-am-bn-cnpw. "Ip-mscbpw \-hs
- cbpw A-Xp-sIm-t- v hnNmc-W--S-hn hbvp-Ibpw sNp-Xv A\oXn-bmWv. \ymb-ad
- n-bm thZhpw a\p-kvar-Xnbpw
t\mp-I. W-am{Xw sXm-sX-bp \ymbw
Ahn-sS-m-Wmw. Hmtcm-cp-cpw Ah-c-h-cpsS
Ia-a\
- p-kc
- nv intbm ctbm kZm {]m]np- s Im- n- c n- p- p. IqSmsX {]hm- N - I sc
kmn-bmn hp sImn-cn-p-tm ssZhns kh- - X bv v lm\n- h - c p- p.
Ccw ]pkvXIw Cuiz-c-Ir-Xtam Cs\
D]-tZ-in-p JpZm ssZhtam BIptam? CX-s.
106 imiz- X - a mbn \nh- k n- m- \ p Nne tXm-
AhpXmWv. A-bpsS Xmgv`m-K--fn-eqsS Acp-hnI Hgp-In-sm-n-cn-pw. Ahsc Ahn-sS-hp kzns Nne hf-I [cn-n-pw..... ]--ns hkv{Xfpw Ah [cn-n-cn-pw. ta-tb-dnb Nne In-ep-Ifn Nmcn-sm-mWv Ah-cn-cn-p-I. F{X-\ {]Xn-^ew.
F{X-\ hn{i-a--ew. (4.15.18.31)
kao: Hcp ]-W-n apgp-h\pw ]m]n-I-fmbn-cn-ptam? Ah[n \n-bn-p-Xv Cuizc k--\-m-Rm-Wv. A\ymbw Int
408
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
n-n-. Rm hy`n-Nm-cn-Wn-bp-a-. F\n-s--s\-bmWv
HcmIpn P\n-pI! As\ Ah B Ipnsb K`w
[cn-bpw ....... Zqsc-tmbn H-sv Xma-k-am-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. (4.16.19.16-20,22)
kao: Jp-B Im-hn\v `qan Id-p-XmsWpw apw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-s-n, NmbmXn-cn-m ]-X- m]n-spw apw
Fgp-Xp-I-bn-m-bn-cp-p. ]Xw m]n-n-sn Nmp-t]m-Iptam Fp kwi-bn-p-Im-
409
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
p ico- c - n- e n- c pv ]pWym- fl m-
t]mepw Zpcn-X-a-\p-`-hn--bnt? C-X-\ym-b-at?
ZpK-m-[nIyw \nanw tcmK-ap-mpIbm
JpZmbpw apo-fpw ]m]-n ]p-]-p-p.
119. Fs Zmk-m-scbpw sImv \o cm{Xn s]mbvsmpI Fpw \nsf ^n-Hu ]np-S-cm t]mIp-pspw aqkmp \mw ktiw \evIn. Atm ^nHu Bfp-Isf tiJ-cn-m ]-W--fn-tep Xs
ZqX-msc Ab-p... Fs krjvSn-p-Ibpw Fnv
F\nv h
- gn ImWnp Xcn-Ibpw sNbvXh
- \
- pw...... F\nv
Blm- c - ] m- \ o- b - \ev I p- - h \pw...... {]Xn- ^ ew
\evIp Znhkw Fs sXp-I s]mdp-p-X-cp-sav
Rm Bin-p--h-\pw. (5.19.26-52-53,78-79,82)
kao: Pohn-I-fpsS ico-c-n Fm `qX-Xz-fpw Zriy-am-bn-cns, Ah-bn shn \nmWp krjvSn-n-cn-p--sXp ]dbp- Xv Fp ^ntem- k - ^ n- b m- W v ? CXv
Am-\-ns {]I-S-\-am-Wv. Am-lp-hnsmw {]hm-N-I-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-m ]dbp-tm JpZm klm-bn-bph\m-bnt ?
Fnev JpZm- b v v B- c p- s Sbpw klmbw
thspw klm-bn-bn-m--h-\mWv JpZmsbpw ]d-bp-Xpw Fn-\mWv?
118. BImiw taL-tm-Sp-IqSn s]mn-n-f-cp-Ibpw aep-Isf hfsc henb tXmXn Cd-p-Ibpw sNp
Znh-kw..... AXp-sImv kXy-\n-tj-[n-Ip \o hg-ntm-Ic
- p-X.v Jp-BsImv Ah-tcmSp tLmc-ka
- cw sNpI..... Ah-cpsS Xn-IfpsS m\v Amlp \-Ihp-sIm-Sp-pw....... ]m--]np aSn kevw
410
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
`Ww e`n-m ]mSn-. Cuiz-c\mWv DupXpw ]Yyw ]men-n-p--Xp-sa-n Bpw
Hcp-tcm-Khpw Dm-bn-Iq-Sm-Xs. ]t apopw tcmKw hcp-p-v, ssZh-amWv tcmKw
ian-nv k
- uJyw \Ip-Xv. JpZm-bm-sW-n
apo-v tcmKta hp-Iq-Sm. hcp-s-n
IpZm apdn-ssh-Zy-\m-Wv. ]qW-ssh-Zy-\m-sWn apo-v tcmK-sa-s\ hcpw? Pohnn-p-Xpw ac-W-a-S-bn-p-Xpw JpZm-bm-sWn B JpZmbvv ]m]-]p-Wy-fpw Gpp-m-Imw. P-P-m--c--fnse Ia\p-kcn-mWv Cu hyh sNp--sX-n ssZhn\v A]-cm[w C. \ymbhpw, ]m]w-s]m-dpepw Ibm-a-ns \mfn-emWp sNp--sXn JpZm ]m]- h - I - \ mbn ]m]bp\mIpw. an-p-n-s-n, Jpdms
hN\w sXm-sWp hcp--Xn\nv Hgn-hn-mXm-Ipw.
120 \o R-sf-tm-se-bp Hcp a\p-jy am{X-am-Wv.
AXp-sImv Hcp ZrjvSmw sImp-h-cq. \o kXy-hm-Znbm-sW-n..... Atlw ]d-p. CXm CXp (Zr-jvSm-am-bp) Hcp H-I-am-Wv. CXn\p shw IpSn-m Hcp
Dug-ap-v. (5.19.26.154 155)
kao: In* \nv HIw Dm-sbv ]dm Bcm\pw hniz-kn-ptam? Ah A]cn-jvIr-X-cm-bn-cp--Xn-\m hniz-knp. H-Ins\ ZrjvSmw sImSp-p-Xv Imp-Pm-Xnm-cpsS coXn-bm-Wv. ssZh-n-t-X-. Cu ]pkv X Iw Cuiz- c - I r- X - a m- b n- c p- s - n
Cs\ hy-amb Imcy--sfmpw Fgp-Xnn-Sn-n-n-m-bn-cpp.
121. Hm aqkm! Fm-h-scbpw Pbn-p--h\pw XnI
X{-\
- p-amb Amlp Rm\-s{X. "\o \ns hSn \nen-SpI' As\ AXv Hcp k-s-tmse NenpXp I-tm aqkm ]nn-cn-tm-Sn. Hm aqkm!
\o `b-s-tS Fs kn-[n-bn ssZh-Zq-X-m `bs-Sp-I-bn-.... Am-lp-hmsX Hcp ssZh-hpan--Xs.
Ah al-mb knwlm-k-\-ns \mY-\-t{X......-\n Fs Iogvs-Sp-m Hcp-t. Iog-S
- n-smv
Fs ASp--tep hcn-I. (5.19.27.9.10,26,31)
kao: taL--sf-tmse ]-X- Nen-pXv Jpdm-\p-m-n-b-h-cpsS \mn-em-Wv. asp- a , JpZm- b psS {]h\w, I
C_veokns\ ]nSnp inn-m--Xn \np
{Kln-mw. Cphsc H-s-Ip-m-s\-tmepw
]nSnp inn-n-n-. CXn-e-[nIw A{i asmWv?
123 aqkm apjvSn Npcpn Ah\v Hc-Sn-sIm-Sp-p. As\
Ahs IY Ign-p..... aqkm ]dp; cn-Xmth!
F\np sXp-]-n-tm-bn. \o F\np s]mdpp XtcW-ta. Atm Amlp At-l-n\p s]mdp-p-sImSp-p. Ah hf-sc-tbsd s]mdp-p--h\pw ]c-aIm-cpWn-I-\p-a-s{X...... \ns cn-Xmhv (Xm-\p-t-in-p-Xp
sXc-s-Sp-pw.) (5.20.28.15. 16, 68)
411
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
B amXm-]n-Xm- \ntmSp iTn-mtem, Ah cpt]-scbpw \o A\p-k-cn--bp-a-cp-Xv. Fs ASp--temWv \n- f psS aS- w. Atm \n
{]hnpsImn- c p- - X ns bmYmyw Rm
\np ]d-p-Xc
- pw........\qlns\ At-l
- ns P\X-bn-tebvp \mw Ab-p. Fnp sXmm-bn-c-n-AXp sImw Ahn- S - b n Atlw Pohn- p.
(5.20.29.8.14)
Ipdp t]mbm tamj- W hpw \Sppmhpw. kz-nse I-msc \c-In Cp-I-f-bptam? Fn kz-n
hkn-p--h Fpw AhnsS ]mpsa
hN\w s]mfn-bm-bn. Irjn-m-cpsS hb-en
Im-bp an-n-p--Xp, Irjn-b-dn-bm-hp-Xp-sIm-m-hmw. Xs kh--X-bm ssZhn\p Irjn-bp-a-dn-bm-sa-n-cn-nepw Cs\
`b-s-Sp-p-Xv shdpw Ipdp-p-Im--emWv.
Pohn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-n ap{Z-Ip-n-bmWv
ssZhw ]m]w sNn--sX-n, ]m]-n
]m-fn-bm-hp-Xp ssZhw Xs, Poh-\
- . F{]Im- c - a mtWm Pb- ] - c m- P - b - tk\m- [ n- ] tXmIp-Xv, Aw ]m]w JpZm-bvm-bncnpw Inp-I.
126. X-Xz-k-q-amb thZ-nse ZrjvSm---fm-Wnh............ \np ImWm-hp XpWp-I IqSm-sX-bmWv
BIm-i-sf Ah krjvSn-n-cn-p-Xv. `qan \nsfbpwsImp Nmp-t]m-Im-Xn-cn-p-hm AXn Ah
Nne I\ ]h-X
- m]n-n-cn-p-p..... \o ImWpnt? Amlp cmhns\ ]I- e nepw ]I- e ns\
cmhnepwsImp-t]mbntp-p....... Xs ZrjvSm- \np ImWnp Xcp-hmthn Am-lphns A\p-{K-l-tm-Sp-IqSn kap-{Z-n I-tem-Sn-psIm-n-cn-p-Xv \o ImWp-nt? (5.21.31.2.10.29,31)
412
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
Ib-dn-tm-Ip-p. \n IW-m-p-- tXm-X-\p-k-cnv
B Ime-L-
- ns Afhv Bbncw sIm-am-bn-cn-pw.......
Ah-\s{X AZr-iy-Im-cy-fpw Zriy-Im-cy-f
- p-sa-mw Adnbp--h k-tcbpw Pbn-p--h\pw ]c-a-Im-cp-WnI\pw...... cq]w \evIp-Ibpw Xs Poh AXn DuXpIbpw sNbvXp..... \o ]d-t--Ww: \n-fpsS Imcyw
`c-tan--s-n-cn-p ac-W-ns aep \nsf
acn-n-pw...... \mw Dt-in-p ]w Fm a\p-jypw
Ah \S-t t\amw ImWnptImSp-p-am-bn-cpp. Fm Pnp-I-sf-smpw a\p-jy-sc-sm-psamw \n-b-ambpw \c-Is \ndbvpw. F-hmv
Fs ]\nv Dd-np Xocp-am-\np Ign-n-pv
(5.21.32.5,6,9,11,13)
kao:
CXp
apl- Zp\_n,
Bcpw
bpn\np ]nn-cn-tm-Sm-Xn-cn-m\pw,
Pbn-m-\pw, aXw {]N-cn-n-m\pw, thn FgpXntbm FgpXnttN-Xm-bn-cn--Ww. `mcyam \oN-Ir-Xy--fn Gs-S-cp-sXtm?
{]hm-N-I\v Gs-Sm-satm? `mcy-am-cpsS
in Ccn. {]hm-N-I\v in-bn-. CtXXp
\oXn?
129. \n hoSp-I-fn AS-n-bn-cn-p-I. Am-lp-hns\bpw Ahs ZqX-s\bpw A\p-k-cnv Pohn-pI....
]noSv skbvZv Ahsfsmp Bhiyw ]q-Xb
- n
Fnp Ign-t- m Ahsf \n\-mWv \mw hnhmlw
sNbvXp X-Xv. X-fpsS Zp-]p-{X-m-cpsS `mcy-amsc
hnhmlw sNp-X
- n B Zp-]p-{X-m Ah-cpsS `mcyam-sc-sm-p Bhiyw ]q-am-n-g- n-m Amlp-hns Iev]\ \S-nh-cp-p-I-Xs sNt-n-bncn-p-p............ Imcyw \S-n hcp-p--Xn \_np
Ip-sam-p-an-..... \n-fpsS ]pcp-j-m-cn Hcm-fp-sSbpw
]nXmh apl-Zv...... \nXy-hn-izmkw s
- sI-sm-n-cn-p
Hcp kv{Xo Ah-fpsS tZls \_np Zm\w sNp-Ibm-sW-n Ah-tfbpw....... Ah-cn \o Dt-in-p-h
- sc
\n\p ]nn-tep amn \nmw. \o Dt-in-p-hsc \ns ASp--te--Sp-n-mw...... \ns t]cn Ipsam-p-an-..... kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf! \_n-bpsS hoSp-I-fn
\n {]th-in--cp-Xv. (5, 22, 33, 37, 38, 40, 50, 51, 53)
413
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
-bm-fns ]w ]nSn-m JpZmbpw A\ymbs \ymb-am-p ImgvN! a\p-jy-cnse ImSmt]mepw ]p{X-h-[p-hns\ {]m]n-m-dn-.
hnj-bm-kn {]I-Sn-n-m \_n Hpw aSnm-Xpw F{X A\ym-b-am-Wv. \_n BcpsSbpw ]nXm-h Fn skbvZv BcpsS aI\m-Wv? Fn-\n-s\ FgpXn? ]p{X-h-[p-hns\
`mcy-bm-m-Xncnm Ign-bm {]hm-N-I
ap-h
- c
- psS `mcy-amsc hnSptam? Ccw NmXpcy-sImsmpw No-m-cy-sf A\y
\nn-p--Xn\np hnp-am-dm-\m-hn. ]ckv{Xo-I-fm-cm\pw \_nsb kvt\lnv \nmlv
Ign-m-\m-{K-ln-m AXpw A\p-h-Z-\o-btam
\_nv GXp kv{Xotbbpw Dt]-n-m-am-bncns sXp-sN-bvXmepw \_nsb Dt]-nm kv { XoIp kzmX- { y- a n- m- - X v
A[a-at? {]hm-N-Is hon hy`n-Nm-c-ZrjvSn-tbmsS Bcpw {]th-in--cp-sX-n {]hmN-I\pw As\ BcpsS honepw Ib-dm-XncntXt? BcpsS honepw i-sbt\y
ISpsNm kzoI- c n- t - - X m- s Wptm?
Jp-Bs\ Cuiz-cI
- r-Xa
- mbpw apl-Zv \_nsb
{]hm-N-I-\m-bpw, Jpdm-\nse JpZmsb ssZhambpw kzoI-cn-m Ign-bp-Xv GXv Dp-s]m-n-b-h-\mWv? bpn-iq-\yhpw [a-hncp--hp-amb Imcy-\n-d Cu aXs
Atd-_ycpw apw kzoI-cn-Xv Ap-Xw-X-s.
130. ssZh- Z q- X s a\- n\p hnj- a - a p- m- p- h m
\np ]mSn-. At-l-n\ptijw At-l-ns
`mcy-amsc hnhmlw sNp-hm\pw \np ]mSn-. AXv
Am-lp-hn- hfsc Kuc-ht- a-dnb hnjb-am-Wv...... Amlp-hnpw Ahs ZqX\pw at\m-th-Z\ Dm-p--hsc
Amlp Cl-nepw ]c-nepw i]n-pw...... kXy-hnizmkw ssIsIm ]pcp-j-mpw kv{XoIpw
Ah bmsXmcp sXpw {]hn-m-Xn-cns at\m-thZ\ Dm-p--h henb I-hmbpw k]vj-S-amb
Ip-hp-amWv Npa-nbncn-p--Xv...... Ah i]n--s-h-cm-bn-ocpw. FhnsShp-I-p-ap-n-bmepw Ahsc ]nSnIq-Sp-Ibpw \njvI-cpWw sIme-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNpw.
cn-Xmth! Ahv Ccn in \evIp-Ibpw Ahsc
At-bw i]n-p-Ibpw sNtWta. (5.22.33.53.57.58.61.68)
kao: sImmw. JpZm Xs JpZmXzw. [tm-Sp-IqSn {]Zin-n--bmtWm? {]hm-NIs\ ZpxJn-n--cp-sXv Fgp-Xn-bXp icn.
AXp- t ]mse ap- - h sc ZpxJn- n- p- Xn\nv {]hm-N-I-t\bpw \ntcm-[n-t--Xm-
414
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
AXn-\m apo--fpsS kz-hm-khpw kpJZm-b-I-a-.
132. Xz--fm \nd-b-s Jp-B BWp kXyw.
\o ssZh-Zq-X
- m-cn s]-h Xs-bm-Wv. t\am-nemWv \o kvXnXn sNp-Xv Zbm-ep-hmb Am-lp-hn\nv Cd--s--XmWv (Cu Jp-B) (5.23.36.2-5)
kao: Xe-Xn-cn Imcy- tIm-epw. ImepI kmyw ]d-bp--sX-s\? B-sImSp-p-tm JpZm-bmsX ap hXpw Dmbn-cptm? tI-Xmcv? Dm-b-sXv? Hp-anm-bn-cp-s-n CXp Iw. Dm-bn-cp-sn "JpZm-b
- msX asm-p-an-m-bn-cp-p. JpZm
Fmw krjvSnp' Fp ]d-Xv Iw.
134. Hcp-Xcw ]m\obw* \nd tIm-I-fpw-sImv AhcpsS apn (Nn-e) Npn-n-cn-p-sIm-n-cnpwx.....
B\w (a-Pm) ]I-cp-s
- Xv DdpZq Xa (A-Xp) shfpXpw IpSn-m- cpNn-bp--Xp-am-bn-cnpw....... hnim-e-fmb Ip-I-tfm-Sp-IqSnbhcpw Ip-I \nb-{n-p-h-hc
- p-amb Xcp-Wn-I Ah-cpsS ASp- Dm-bn-cn-pw.
B Xcp-Wn-I ]m{X-fn ASp kqn-n-cp apI t]mse-bm-bn-cnpw...... \mw C\n acn-m t]mIpn--tm....... eqpw ssZh-Zq-X-m-cns] B Xsbm-W.v At-ls
- bpw A\p-bm-bn-Is
- f-bp-samw \mw c-
* aZyw Fv X-a-I-fn
415
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
kao- : AhnsS Jpdm- \ n- s e- g p- X n- b n- c n- p- t]mse tXmhpw DZym-\hpw tXmSpw hoSp-sam-ap-s-n AXv Fpw Dm-bn-cp--X-.
Dm-bn-cn-b
- p-an-. kwtbm-K
- m-ep-m-Ip-h
kwtbm-K-n\p ap]n-m-bn-cp-p. A\n-hm-cyamb hntbmKn\p tijhpw AXp-m-hn-.
kzwt]mepw \ne- \ nn- s - nns
kz- h m- k n- I - f psS Imcyw ]d- b m- \ ptm?
Nmcpw Xe-bn-Wbpw ]elm-chpw ]m\o-b-hpsamw AhnsS Inp-sa-s-gp-Xn-bn-cn-p-Xn\nv, apow-aX
-
- ns Bhn`m-hI
- m-ev
Ad-_n-\mSv k--a-m-bn-cp-s-q-lnmw,
AXn-\m Xe-bn-W-sbpw apw ]dv Zcn{Zsc Xs aX-n \_n tN-Xm-hmw.
kv{XoI-fp-n-Sv \nc-c kuJy-sa-hnsS? B
kv{Xo-I Fhn-Spp hp? AtXm kznse nc-h m-k n-I-fmtWm? h- Xm- sWn t]mIpw. Ahn-Sp-p-Im-cm-sW-n Ibma-n\p ap]v Fm-bn-cpp ]Wn? shdpsX
\mfp-I Xn-\o-p-I-bm-bn-cptm?
JpZm- b psS Iev]\ C_veoskm- g n- s Ibphscmw A\p-k-cn-p-sImv BZ-ans\
hW-n-b-s{X. ssZh-ns in-t\m-p-I.
Rm \ns Fs ssIIsImm-Wp-mn-b-sXpw \o Al--cn--cp-sXpw sNIpm-t\mSv ssZhw ]d-bp-p-v. cp-ssI-Ifp ssZhw a\p- j y- \ m- s Wpw k- i t\m k-hym-]ntbm Aspw CXp sXfnbn-p-p. Rm BZ-an-t\-m t{ijvT-\msWv C_veokv ]-dXv kXy-am-bn-cns,
ssZhw Fn\p tIm]n-Ww? BImiw am{XamtWm ssZh-ns Bm\w? `qan-bn
Ct. Fn IvA_ ssZh-ns an-c-amsWv ap]v Fgp-Xn-btXm? Cuiz-c\v Xn
\ntm krjvSn-bn\ntm Fs\ Bscsbnepw AI-p-hm Ignbpw? krjvSn-ap-gph\pw Cuiz-c-t-Xm-Wv. Atm kz-ns
Pn-bmWv ssZhw At? JpZm C_veo-kns\
Bn-tbmSnbpw i]n-bpw sNbvX-tm
Ah "cn-Xmth! F\np Ibm-a-ns
\mhsc Ah[n A\p-h-Zn-tW' Ft]np. kp-jvS-\mb ssZhw Ahv Ah[n
sImSp-p. Atm sNIp-m ]d-bp-p
Fm-ht- cbpw \n-ba
- mbpw hgn sXn-p-sav!
Aev]-k-Xy-sam-gnsI, Ak-Xy-P-Sn-e-amb Cu
416
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
]pkv X - I sn Am- l p- h ns t]cn
Am-\n-Ip hnizm-k-ap-m-p-hm-\mWv
Cs\ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-Xv. D kXyhpw
Ak-Xy-hp-ambn IqSn-pgp InS-p-p. JpB-\nepw AXnse ssZh-nepw hniz-kn-p-h ]m]-h-Icpw ]m]w sNn-p ]m]nI-fp-am-Wv. ]m]w an-pI F-X-Xyw A[a- a m- W v . CXp- s Imv apo ]m]w
sNpXn\pw el-fb
- p-m-p-X
- n\pw `b-sSp-n-.
138. Fnp cp L--fn-embn Ahsb Ah Ggv
BIm-i-am-n--op. th Imcy- Ah \ntin-p-sIm-Sp-p....... As\ B \c-I
- n Ah Fn-gn-m Ah-cpsS sNhn-Ifpw Ip-Ifpw sXmen-Ifpw
Ah-cpsS {]h-\
- v kmn-]d
- bpw...... X-fpsS
N- - t fmSv Ah tNmZnpw: \n- s f- n- \ mWv
\ns-Xn-cmbn kmyw hln-p-Xv? B sXmenI ]dbpw: Fm hkvXp--sf-smpw kwkm-cn-n
Amlp R-sf-smpw kwkm-cn-n-n-cn-p-p..... acW- a - S - - h - s cbpw Pohn- npIXs sNpw.
(6.24.41.12,20,21,39)
kao:- _lp-tI-aw-Xs apo-tf! kh-i-s\p \n ]d-bp JpZm cp L-ambn-mtWm Ggm-Imiw Dm-n-bXv? kh-i-\m-sW-n H-b-Snv Ap-m-m-am-bncp-nt? Ipw sNhnbpw sXmenbpw PU-hkvXp--fm-bn-cns Ah-sb-s\ kmn-]dbpw? kmn ]d-bn-m-\m-sW-n Ahsb
PU-ambn krjvSn--sX-n\v? Xs \nb-as
]qm-]-c-hn-cp--am-nbsXn\v hf-sc-tbsd
anYy Poh-m-sc-n kmyw ]d--tm-f-h-ch-cpsS sXmen-I-tfmSv Ah "\o FXnkmn
]d--sX-n-s\v tNmZnXpw "Rms\p
sNpw, ssZhw ]d-bn-n-Xm-sWp ]d-Xp-am-Wv. CXp-h-Xpw kw`-hy-amtWm? "hym
]p{Xs apJw Ip' Fp ]d-bpw-t]m-em-WnXv. ]p{X-\p-s-n Fs\ hy-bmIpw?
hy-bm-sW-n ]p{X-\p-m-hn-. Ccw
anYym-hm-p-I-fm-Wn-h. acn--hsc Pohn-n-p-san sIm-sX-n\v? Ctmgpw arXsc Pohnn-p-ptm? AXn-\p-I-gn-bptam? C-s-n
arX-Xzs Fn\v A[-a-am-sb-pp? Ibma-ns cmhp-hsc arX GXp apo-ans honemWp Ign-bpI? A]-cm[w sNm--hsc
JpZm XSen hbvpsXn\v? \ymbw
io{Lw sNm--sXv? CXn \nsmw
ssZhn-I-Xbvv tImw Xp-p.
139. BImi `qan-I-fpsS Xmtm-ep-I Ahs A[o-\n-em-Wn-cn-p--Xv. Xm\p-t-in-p--hv Ah kar-am-bn -B-lmcw \evIp-p. ap Nnev \nb-{n-psIm-Sp-p-p..... Xm\p-t-in-p--hv Ah s]km-\-sf {]Zm\w sNp-p..... ap Nnev Bkm-\--sfbpw. As-n B km-\-sf BWpw
s]p-ambn CS-Ie
- p-p. Xm\p-t-in-p-h
- sc Ah
km-\-c-ln-X-\m-p-p. Hcp hn[-n-e-msX Hcp a\pjy-t\mSpw Amlp kwkm-cn-p-Ib
- p-m-hn-. t_m[\w
sNp--h-gnv: As-n Hcp ad-bpsS ]nn\npsImv* As-n Hcp ZqXs\ Ab-bvp-Ibpw ....- Ah\ptin-p--Xp-Zvt_m-[n-n-p-Ibpw sNphgn-v.
(6.25.42.12.49-51)
417
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
ssZhw kh-\pw kh-hym-]-I-\p-am-sWn ad- h n\ntm X]m- e n- s e- t mse
Fgpp hcp-ntbm Adn-tb--Im-cy-an-.
A-s\-sb-n AXv JpZm-b-. GtXm Iuie-m-c-\m-bn-cn--Ww. AXn-\m Jp-B
Cuiz-cm-Ir-X-tab.
140. Cukm hy-amb ZrjvSm-
- fpw sImp-h
- t- m
(6.25.43.63)
kao: tbip (Cu-km)-hn-s\bpw ssZh-a-b-Xm-sW-n tbip-hn-s D]-tZ-i-p hncp-amb Jp-B JpZm Fn-\p-mn? JpB\p hncp--amWv ]pXnb \nb-aw. AXn-\m
Ch-sbmpw ssZh-Ir-X-a-.
141. Ahs\ ]nSn-p-I. Fnp \c-I-ns ay-ntep hen-p-sImp t]mIp-I.... sh-\n-dhpw hnimem-n-I-fp-amb Nne Xcp-Wn-Isf Ahp \mw CWtNp-sIm-Sp-pw. (6.25.44.47,54)
Bcp-hn-If
- p-nSw temI-s-m sa-sampa-. ]mecphn Hgp-Iptam? Aev]-k-a-b-n-\Iw
]m ]ncn-bnt? _pn-am-m Jp Bs aXaw-Ko-I-cn-m--Xn-XpsImmWv.
143. `qansb InSpInsS hnd-n-p-Ibpw, ]-X-sf
XIp IjvWw IjvW-amp-Ibpw Fnv B ]hX- A-co--n ]d-p s]mSn-bm-bn-o-cp-Ibpw..... heXp-]--m. Fm he-Xp-]--m-cm-Wv.
CS-Xp-]--m. CS-Xp-]--m-cm-Wv..... cXv\-
sImn ]Xn-n-cn-p In-ep-I-fn-t-emWv Ah -C-cnp-I. In-ep-I-fn Nmcn ]c-kv]cw A`n-ap-J-cm-bn-mWv
Ah Ccn-p-I. imiz-X-ambn \nh-kn-p Nne _mem Ah-cpsS ap]n Npn-n-cn-p-sIm-n-cnpw.
Nne ]m{X-fpw IqP-Ifpw {Zh-]Z- m- \nd tImI-fpw-sImv.... AXp-Ip-Sn-p-I-aqew Xe-th-Z-\tbm elcntbm _m[n-p-I-bn-. Ah CjvS-sp Xnc-s-Spp ]g-sImpw Ah B{K-ln-p ]n-IfpsS amwkw sImpw...... sh-\n-dhpw hnim-ea
- mb IpI-fp-ap Xcp-Wn-I-fp-m-bn-cnpw...... `{Z-ambn kqnp
hn-cn-p app-t]msebncnpw (A-h) DX \nehm-c-n-ep hncn-p-I-fn-emWv Ah Pohn-p-I. B
Xcp-Wn-Isf \mw Ghpw \ \ne-bvmWp \mw ]cn-]menp hfn-sm-n-cn-p--Xv. Fnv Ahsc \mw
I\y-I-Ifpw, `m-m-tcmSp t{]a-ap--hcpw Xpey-{]m-bm-cp-am-bn-cn-b
- m-W.v .... Fnv AXp-sImv \n hb
\nd-pw. A, \-{X- AkvX-an-p m\-sf-smv Rm\nXm kXyw sNp-p. (7.27.56.4-6.8,9,1523,34-37,53,75)
418
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
tcmKhpw hf-sc-bp-m-Int?
^e- `n-b
- pw, mp-If
- n shw IpSnbpw tIm-I-fn aZyw IpSn--bpw, Xe-th-Z\bpw el-cnbpw Cm-Xn-cn-bpw btYjvSw
^e-fpw ]n-I-fpsS amwkhpw `n-pIbpw sNp-tm hnhn[ ZpxJ-fpw, ]nar-Km-Zn-Ifpw Ahn-Sp-m-Ipw. sIme\S-pw.
Fpw Xqhepw Ahn-sSmw NnX-dn-n-S-pw.
Iim-p-I-S-Ifpw Dm-bn-cn-pw. sImmw. Cu
kzKns\ ]pI-gvm hmp-I-fn-. Atd_y-tb-m apn-b-Xcw Xs.
aZy-amw-k- `nv D--cm-Ip-sa-n
kv{XoIfpw Ipn-Ifpw IqSntb Xocq. Cs-nen-h-cpsS elcn aqv Xe-bn NqSp Ib-dpw.
AkwJyw kv{Xo]p-cp-j-mv hn{i-an-m
H-[nIw hncnpIfpw InS-Ifpw thWw. JpZm
I\y-I-amsc krjvSn-p--Xp-sIm-m-Wtm
Ipam-c-m-scbpw krjvSn-p-Xv! Chn-sS-\nv
m\mn-I-fmbn sNp--hv I\y-Iamsc hnhmlw Ignv sImSp-p-sav Fgp-Xnbn-pv. AhnsS nc-Xm-a-k-m-cmb _memv hnhmlw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-p--Imcyw
Fgp-Xp-t-bn-. Ah-scbpw m\mn-I-fmbnsp-hv ]Ip-p-sIm-Sp-ptam? Cmcy-sa-gp-Xm ssZhw henb ad-hn-m-c Xs.
Xpey-h-b-p-Im-cmb ]Xn-{h-X-I ]Xn-amsc
{]m]nv kzKp ]mp- Xv icn- b - .
Fs-m kv{XoI-fpsS ctm c-ctbm
Ccn {]mb-amWv ]pcp-j-mv thXv!*
apow kz-nepw Cs\ Xs-bm-hWw
IY.
\c-I-nse hr-ns ]gw Xnp hbdp
\nd- b v p- t m apm- c bpw \c- I - n
ImWpw. app-sIm-p-p-ap-mhmw ]ns Xnf-shw IpSn-pI XpS-nb Zpcn-X--fp-amWv
\c-I-n-ep--Xv.
BW-bn-Sp-Xv I-m-cmWv. kXy-hm-m-c-.
BW-bn-Sp JpZmbpw I-\m-bn-cn--Ww.
144. Am-lp-hns am-n t]mcm-Sp--h-sc-bmWv
Ah kvt\ln-p--Xv. (7.28.61.4)
* hr-m _men-Ia
- msc \nmlv Ign-p-X
- mWv arKw.
419
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
coXn Cu {]hr-n-I-fn\np {Kln-mw.
At\Iw `mcy-am-cp--tm Cuiz-c-`-t\m
{]hm-N-It\m BIp--sX-s\?
Hcp kv{Xosb ]-]m-X-]qw A]-am-\n-pIbpw asm-cm-fns\ am\n-p-Ibpw sNp-bm ]- ] m- X nbpw A[an- b p- a m- I nt?
At\Iw kv{XoI-sfsmpw Xr]vX-\m-ImsX
hmey-m-cn-I-fn tamln-p-t]m-Ip Bfn\v
ebpw `bhpw [ahpw FhnsS? Imam-Xpcv `btam etbm Cs-mtcm ]d-sX{X icn!
Cu ssZhw apl-Zvkmln_pw `mcy-amcpw Xnep hgv Xop a[y--\-Wv. Cu JpB hnZzmt\m Cuiz-ct\m Dm-n-btXm,
GsX-nepw kzmn-bmb Ahn-Zzm cNn-tXm-sbv _pn-am-m Nnn--s. cmas hN\w hmbn- p- t m \_n- t bmSv
GtXm `mcy ]nW-n-bn-cn-m-sap kwibw
tXmpw. Xn-anw Cu hN\w Cd-n-b-XmImw. \o hg- p- m- n- b m \_n
\nsbpapt]-npw. \_nv \ns-m
\ `mcy-amsc I\y-I-amsc \Ip-sav
`oWn apg-p-I-bm-Wv. kzev]w _pn-bp-hv CXp ssZhtam atm ]d- - X - ,
kzmn-I-fmtcm ]d--Xm-sWp a\-n-emmw. CsXmpw ssZhw ]d-X-. Ime-ns\m--hw {]tbm-P-\-kn-n-mbn ssZhns t]cn \_n ]d--Xm-Wv. ssZh-h-N\-am-sWp ]d-bphtcmSv C{Xtb ]d-bm\pq ""ssZh- s ap ssZhw ? apl- Zv
\_nv Ieym-Wa
- p-d
- n-p-sIm-Sp-p Zm-fmWv
ssZhw.''
146. Hm \_o! kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-ItfmSpw \o kacw sNbvXpsIm-p-I. Ah-tcmSv ]cp-j-kz`m-h-tmsS s]cp-am-dp-I. (7.28. 66.9)
420
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
c-W-bn-msX XS-hn hn-cn-p--sX-n\v?
CubnsS JpZm-bpsS Itcn ASv JpZmbpw
ae- p- I fpw shdp- t X- b n- c n- mtWm? AtXm
]Wn hXpw Dtm? Ah-c-h-cpsS m\-fn ]mv, Npn--dn, Dd-hpw Ifn-X-ami-I ImWepw Hs-bmbn hn{i-an--bmhmw.
Ccw Acm- P - I Xzw Hcn- S pw ImWn- .
CsXms ImS-m-c-m-Xmcp hniz-knpw?
149. \n-fpsS hnhn[ Zi-I-fn krjvSn-n-cn-p--h-\mWv. Ggm-Im-i-sf ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-n-p-sImv Fs\-bmWv Amlp krjvSn-n-cn-p-Xv? N{s\ Ah
B BIm-i - -f n {]Im-i-ap- -X m- n-sh- p- I bpw
kqcys\ Hcp sNdnb hnf-mbn shp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp. (7.29.71.14-16)
kao:- kqcy-N-{-msc Hn-p-Iq-m F-s\I-gnbpw? F{X Adn-h-m-bva-bm-WnXv! kqcy-N{-msc Hnp IqpsXn\v? ap temIsf Iqn-tm-\n-cn-p--Xnse bpn-sbmWv? Ccw \S-m Imcy- Cuizc-Ir-X-ta-b-. Ahn-Zzm-m-msX ampw
CXv tNcp--X-.
152. imizX \nhm-kn-If
- mb Nne Ipn-I Ahn-Sb
- n
Npn-n-cn-p-sIm-n-cn-pw. Ahsc \o ImWp-]
- w
NnX-dnb app-I-fm-W-h-scp \n\p tXmpw.......
t\-bp ]-pw XSn ]p-amWv Ah [cn-p-I.
shn-bpsS hf-I B`-c-W-ambn Ahsc [cn-n-pw.
XnIpw ]cn-ip--amb sh-amWv* X-fpsS cn-Xmhv
Ahp IpSn-m sImSp-p-I. (7.29.76.19.21)
421
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
kz-n nc-hmkw sNp-Xv? tImI \ndp "]m\obw' Xp-tm acmbn
iWvT-Iq-Snt? Bflmhv (dq-lv) Fn-hnsS ]dbp-Xv Hcp ae-n-s\-bmWv. aepIfn
h JpZm, dqln-s\bpw ae-p-Is
- fbpw AWn\n-cn mq Dm-p-I-bmtWm? mqWnse Poh-msmw in Inptam? JpZm
Atm \nevptam Ccn-ptam? mq-sWmw
tNv sNIp-ms\ Ibm-a
- p-mh-tcpw
]nSnp _n-m JpZm-bpsS cmPyw kzamIpw. AXmWv JpZm-Xz-hpw.
154. kqcy aqS-s-p-t]m-Ip-tm \-{X- DXnpho-gp-tm ]-X-sf Nen-n-p-tm, BIm-ins ad \o-s-Sp-tm. (7.30.81.1-3, 11)
kao:- CXp alm Adn-hn-m-bva-bm-Wv. tKmfamb kqcy-temIw aqS-s-p-t]m-Iptam? \{X- DXnp hogptam? PU-]-X-
Fns\ Nenpw? BImiw arK- a mtWm
tXmep-cnpw t]mse ad \om? CsXms
alm ImS-w-X-s.
155. BImiw s]mn-n-f-cp-tm. \-{X- Nnn-nX-dp-tm. kap-{Z-fpw \Zn-Ifpw Hgp-In-tm-Ip-tm I_dp-I-fn-ep-Xp ]pd-tv hcp-tm (7.30.82.1-4)
422
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
161. hyh--s-Sp-p Hcp cmhn-emWv JpBs\ \mw
Ah-Xc
- n-n-X
- v. hyh-s
- -Sp-p cmhv Fsp \n\-dn-bmtam? B cmhn ae-p-Ifpw dqlpw (ssZ-hnI
kt-i-hpw) Ah-cpsS cn-Xm-hns Iev]-\-b-\p-k-cnv
Fm Imcy--fpw-sImv Cdn hcp-p. (7.30.97.1.2,4)
423
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
3. Atm ckqe alm-a-Z-c-I-_-cy Atm
Am-av.
4. AZ-m-_qI-ta-II
- a
- .v Am-_qI \nJ-XIav.
5. Atm bt\ lpX-lp-Xzm. Am
kqcy N{ kh-\-{Xmx
6. Am EjoWmw kh-Znhymw C{mb
]qhw ambm ]c-a-a-cnmx
7. Ax ]rYnhym Acnw hniz-cq-]-av.
8. Cmw I_ Cmw I_ Cmw
CtXn C-mx
9. Hmw Am Cm A\mZnkzcq- ] mb
AYh-Wm-iymam lpw {low P\m\ ]iq
knm Ne-N-cm-\-ZrjvSw Ipcp-Ip-cp-^-Sv.
10. Akpc kwlm-cnWo lpw {low Atmc-kqe al-a-Zc I_-cky Atm Am-an-tXn Cmx
CXy-tm-]-\n-jXv kam]vXm:
424
{ioa-b
- m-\
- k
- c
- k
- z-Xn-kzm-an-I cNnkXym-{]-Imi-nse
Cmw aX-hn-jb
-
- sf JWvU\-aW
- vU\w sNp
]Xn-memw kap-mkw Ign-p.
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
Hmw
kXym-{]-Imiw
kza--hym-a--hy-{]-Imix
(kzw am\y-X-Ifpw Aam-\y-X-I-fpw)
kh-X-{-kn-m--sa-Xv Fm cmPy-fnepw kmh-P-\n-I-amb [a-am-Wv. AXns\
Ftmgpw Fm-hcpw am\np t]mp, Cpw
am\n-p-p, \msfbpw am\n-pw. AXn-\m
k\m-X\ \nXy-[a-sa-mWv AXns t]cv .
AXns hntcm-[n-I Bcpw Dm-hp-I-bn-.
Ahn-Zym-bp--cmbhtcm GsX-nepw aX-mc-\m hgn-sX-n-s
- -h
- tcm Adn-bp-Ibpw am\np-Ibpw sNp--Xp-t ]mse _pn- a m- m
sN-cp-Xv. ]Icw, B]vX AYhm kXy-am-\nIfpw kXy-hm-Zn-Ifpw kXy-Im-cn-Ifpw ]tcm-]Im-cn-Ifpw ]-]m-X-c-ln-X-cp-amb hnZzm-m
am\n-p-Xv {]am-W-tbm-Ky-am-I-bm Fmhpw am\yhpw am\n-m-Xv Aam-\y-hp-ambn-cn-pw.
thZmZn kXy-im-kv{X-fpw, {_m Ejn
apX ssPan\nap\n-h-sc-bphcpw am\n-ncp Cuiz-c XpS-n-bp--sXmw F\npw
am\y-am-Wv. Ah k-\--fmb alm-i-bmk-aw {]Im-in-n-p-sIm--s.
F\np am\n-m-hph {XnIm-e--fnepw
Fm- h pw am\y- a m- b n- c n- p- - X m- s W- v
Rm Adn-bpp. F\nv \ho\ k-ev]tfm ]pXnb aX-a-Xm--c- {]N-cn-n-m\p-t-itam teihpw C-X-s. kXy-am-bXp
am\n-p-I, am\n-n-p-I, Ak-Xys XyPn-pI, XyPn-n-pI Fn-h-bmWv F\n--`o-jvSw.
Rm ]-]m-Xn-bm-sW-n Bcymhn {]N-cn-ncnp GsXnepw aX-tmSv
B`n-apJyw ]pepw. Bcym-h-ntem
A\y-{Xtbm D A[a-bp-a
- mbhsb kzoIcn- p- I tbm [a- b p- - a m- b - h sb XyPn- pItbm C. AXn\v B{K- l n- p- p- a n- .
Fsm AXv a\p-jy-[-n\p _mly-
am-Wv.
a\-\-io-e-tmsS Xt-sX--hw A\ycpsS kpJ-Zpx-J--sfbpw em`-\-jvS--sfbpw
IW-m-p--h-s\-bmWv a\p-jy-s\p ]d-bpXv. A\ym-b-m-c-\mb is\ `b-s-S-cpXv. Fm [am-flm-hmb Zp-e-s\-tmepw
t]Sn- - W w. Fp am{X- a - , Xs Fm
kmaYyhpw D]tbm-Knv, [am-flm-sf, Ahsc-{Xbpw A\m-Ytcm Zp_-etcm \nKp-Wtcm
BIs, cn-bpw Dbp-Ibpw CjvS-amN-cn-bpw A[an-I-sf, N{I-hn-am-tcm,
k\m- Y tcm, alm- i - tcm, KpW- h m- mtcm
Bbmepw \in-n-bpw Xmgvn-s-p-Ibpw,
A\n- j v S - a m- N - c np Xfp- I bpw thWw.
CXn F{X ZmcpWamb ZpJw Dm-bmepw,
{]mW shSn-tb-n-h-mepw a\p-jym-\p-Iq-eamb Cu [a-n \np amdn \nev-cp-Xv.
CXn-s\-n {ioam `Xr-l-cn-a-lm-cm-Pmhpw
apw tmI-sa-gp-Xn-bn-p-v. ChnsS AsX-gp-XpXv {]tbm-P-\-s-Spw.
1. \np \oXn \n]pWmbZnhmkvXphp
evaox kam-hn-iXp KXp hm btY-jvSav.
AssZyh hm ac-W-akvXp bpKm-tc hm
\ymmXv ]Yx {]hn-Ne
-- n ]Zw \ [ocmx
(`Xr-l-cn)1
425
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
3. GI-Gh kplr-cvtam
\n[-t\f]y\pbmXn bx
ico-tcW kaw \miw
kcvh-a-\yn KXn.
(a-\p)3
4. kXy-tah PbtX \m\rXw
ktXy\ ]m hnXtXm tZh-bm\x
tb\mff{Iayr-jtbm lym]vX-Imam
b{X XXyky ]caw hn[m-\-av.
(D)4
5. \ln kXymXv ]tcm-[cvtam
\m\r-XmXv ]mXIw ]c-av.
\ln kXymXv ]cw-m\w
XkvamXv kXyw kam-N-tcXv. 5
Cu alm-i-b-m-cpsS tmI--\p-kr-Xambn Fmw \n-bn-m-hp--XmWv6 . C\n
Rm Hmtcm-mbn Fs am\y-Xb
- v\
- p-kc
- nv
kwt-]np hWn-mw. CXns hntij
hymJym- \ - Cu {K- nse AXmXp
k`--fn Dv.
1. Cuiz-c: {_w, ]c-am-flmhv XpS-nb
t]cp-I-fp kn-Zm-\-mZn e-W-bp-hpw
]hn- { X- a mb KpW- I - k z- ` m- h - - f p- Xpw
kh- \pw, P- c - l n- X \pw, A\- \pw,
kh-i-n-am\pw, Zbm-ephpw \ymb-Im-cnbpw
3. a\p-kvarXn. 8.17.
4. apWvU-tIm-]-\n-j-Xv. 3.1.6.
5. AmXw 6. Cu tifpsS `mhmw. 1. \oXn\n-]p-Wm kvXpXn-tbm \nn-tbm sN-s,
[\w CjvSw-t]mse hcn-Itbm t]mhp-Itbm sNs,
Cp-Xs
- tbm bpK-p tijtam acWw `hn-s
Fm-bmepw [oc-m \ymb-am-n \nv ASnsX-p-I-bn-. 2. B{K-l-ntem `b-mtem tem`mtem PohnXw \ne-\nm-\m-bmepw icn Hcn-epw
[w XyPn--cpXv. [w \nXyhpw kpJ-Zpx-J--f\n-Xyhpw Poh \nXyhpw kpJ-ZpxJ Imc-W--f-\nXy-hp-am-W.v 3. ac-W
- nepw A\p-bm{X sNp kplrs-t-bp-p. AXmWv [w. asmw Xs icoc-tmsSmw \mk-a-b-S-bp-p. 4. kXyw Pbnpw
A\rXw Pnbn-n-. kXy-m-e-tm-tam--amw
hnkvXr-X-am-bn-cn-p--Xv. kXy-ns B t{ijvT-]pRvP
- n-te-mWv B]XvIc
- a
- mb Ejn-am B hgntb
{Ia-ambn apt-dp-X
- .v 5. kXy-t-m henb [an-. A\r-X-t-m henb ]mX-I-an-. kXy-tm henb Adn-hn-. AXn-\m kXy-am-N-cn-p-I.
426
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
v . \nXy- h - k v X p- - f psS KpW- I - k z- ` mhfpw \nXy-am-Wv.
7. {]hm-l-m A\mZn: kwtbm-K-m
Dm- I p {Zhy- K pW I- hntbm- K n\p tijw \ne-\n-evp-n-. Fm GXn\m {]Ya kwtbm- K - a p- m- I p- pthm B
kmaYyw AXn A\m-Zn-bm-Wv. AXp-sImv
hopw kwtbm-K-hn-tbm-K- kw`-hn-p-p.
Ch aqn-s\bpw {]hm-l-m A\m-Zn-sbp
am\n-p-p.
8. krjvSn: shtsd {Zhy--fpsS m\]q-ap IqSn-t-bn-eqsS hnhn[ cq-]-
Dm-Ip--Xn\p krjvSn-sbp ]d-bp-p.
9. krjvSn-bpsS {]tbm-P\w: Cuiz-cs
krjvSn-\n-an--amb KpW-Ia kz`m-h-
k^-ea
- m-Ie
- mWv krjvSn-bpsS {]tbm-P\
- w. Hcph A]-c-t\mSp tNmZn-pp Is-n\v?
ImWm F- b m- f p- cw ]d- b p- p. CXpt]mse krjvSn-m Cuiz-c-\p kma-Yyns km^eyw krjvSn--en-em-Wv. Pohmflm-v bYm-XYm Ia-^-e-t`mKw \evI
apX-em-b-h-bpw.
10. krjvSn kIXrIw: BWv. CXns
Imhv ap]p ]d Cuizc-\m-Wv. Fsm, krjvSn-c-N\ t\mm\pw PU-]-Zmv kzbw bYm-tbmKyw _oPm-Zn-I-fm-Im\p kmaYyw Cm- b v I - b mepw krjv S nImhv IqSntb Ign-bq.
11. _\w: \nan--ap--Xm-Wv, AXm-bXv
Ahn-Zym-\n-an-w. ]m]-Ia-, Cuiz-c-\-m- X ns Bcm- [ \, Am\w XpS- n- b sXmw ZpxJ-^ew \evIp--Xm-Wv. AXn-\m
Ch _-\--fm-Wv. B{K-l-an-s-nepw A\p`-hn-t-Xo-cq.
12. apn: Fm ZpxJ--fn\npw thdnv
_-\-c-ln-X-\mbn kh-hym-]n-bmb Cuiz-c\nepw Ahs krjvSn-bnepw tkzm-]qw
hnlcnv \nb- X - k - a bw hsc apn- b psS
B\w A\p-`-hn tijw hopw kwkm-c_--\-n hcn-I.
13. apn-km-[-\-: Cuiz-tcm-]m-k\
AYhm tbmKm-`ymkw, [am-\p-jvTm-\w, {_N-cy-m hnZym-{]m]vXn B]vX-hn-Zzm-m-cpambn kwkKw, kXy-hnZy, kZzn-Nmcw, ]pcp-
jmYw BZn-bm-b-h.
14. AYw: [a-m am{Xw ssIh-cp-Xm- W v. A[a- m knn- p- - X n\v
A\Yw Fp ]d-bp-p.
15. Imaw: [aw AYw Fn-hb
- m ssIhcpXv.
16. hWm-{iaw: KpW-Ia-f
- psS tbmKyX
A\p-k-cn-m-sWp am\n-p-p.
17. cmPmhv: ip`-amb KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h
- m
hnf- p ]]mX- c - l n- X - \ mbn \ymb[as tkhnp {]P-I-tfmSv ]nXr-Xpeyw
hn-p--bm-fmWv cmPm-hv.
18. {]P: ]hn-{X-amb KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h-
[mc-Ww-sNbvXv ]-]m-X-an-msX \ymb-[a-f-\p-jvTnv cmPm-hn-sbpw P\--fpsSbpw
DXn B{K- l n- p- s Imv cmP- t {Zmlw
sNmsX, cmPm-hn-t\mSv ]p{X-Xpeyw hnp--bm-fmWv {]P.
19. \ymb- I mcn: Nnnv , Ak- X ys
shSnv kXys {Klnv, A\ymb-Im-cn-Isf
AI-n, \ymb-Im-cn-Isf hn-nv, X\n-s-hw ap--h-cpsS kpJw Imwn-p--bmfmWv \ymb-Im-cn. Ahsc Rm am\n-p-p.
20. tZh: hnZzm-m-cmWv tZh-m, AhnZzm-m Akp-c-cpw, ]m]n-I cm-kcpw
A\m-Nm-c- sNp--h ]nim-Np--fp-amsWp am\n-p-p.
21. tZh-]qP: B hnZzm-m, amXm-hv, ]nXmhv,
BNm-cy, AXn-Yn, \ymb-Im-cn-bmb cmPm-hv,
[mflm-fmb P\w, ]Xn-{hX, ]Xv\o-{hX, Fn-hsc kXvI-cn-p--Xt{X tZh-]q-Psbp ]d-bp--Xv. CXn\p hn]-coXw AtZ-h-]q-Pbpw. Cu hn{K-l--sf-bmWv ]qPn-t-Xv . inem- Z n- I - f m- e p- m- nb hn{K- l -
kYm A]q-Py-sav am\n-p-p.
22. inWw: hnZy, k`y-X, [amflX,
PntX-{n-bX apX-em-bh hn-nv Ahn-ZymZn-tZm-j-sf shSn-bpXmWv in-Ww.
23. ]qcmWw: {_lv-amZn Ejn-\nn-X-amb
sFX- t c- b mZn {_m- W - { K- - - f m- W v.
Ahbvv ]pcmWw, CXn-lmkw, Iev]w, KmY,
\mcm-iwkn Fo t]cp-I-fp-ap-sp am\n-pp. `mK-h-Xm-Zn-Isf am\n-p-n-.
427
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
24. Xow: ZpxJkm-Kcw IS-n-hn-Sp
kXy-`m-j-Ww, hnZy, kw-Kw, bam-Zn-tbm-Km`ymkw, ]pcp-jmw, hnZym-Zm\w XpS-nb
ip`-I-, Chsb XoY-sap am\n-pp. e-P-em-Zn-I-sf-b.
25. ]pcp- j mYw {]mc- _ v [ - n- e p- ] cn:
Fs-m knX {]mc_v[w Dm-Ip-Xpw, GXv ip-am-bm Fmw ip-am-Ip-Xpw, GXp XIm Fmw XI-cp-Xpw
BWv ]pcp-jmw. AXn-\m ]pcp-jmw
{]mc_v-[-t-m al-m-Wv.
26. a\p-jy: Fm-h-tcmSpw bYm-tbmKyw
Xtm-sS--hw kpJ ZpxJ em`-\-jvS--fn
hn-p--h t{ijvT, A\yYm hnp--h No Fp am\n-p-p.
27. kwkvmcw: icocw a-\v Bflmhv
Fn-hsb D-a-am-p-tXtXm AXm-Wv
kwkvIm-cw. Ch \ntjIw apX ivaim-\{- Inb
hsc ]Xn-\m-dp-v, Ch I-hy-am-sWp
am\n-p-p. Zl-\m-\cw acn--bm-fn-\p-thn
Hpw A\p-jvTn-t--Xn-.
28. bw: hnZzm-m-cpsS kXvImcw, inev],
ckm-b\ ]Zm-hn-Zy-Ip]-bp--am-bh
sNp-I, hnZym-Zn-ip-`-Kp-W--fpsS Zm\w, Antlm-{Xm-Zn-I-fm hmbp, hrjvSn, Pew. Huj[n
apX-em-b-hsb ip-am- hgn Pohn-Ip
kuJyw ]I-cpI Fn-h-bmWv b-sap
am\n-p-p.
29. Bcy: t{ijvT\pw Zkyp ZpjvS\pw ]dbp t]cp-I-fm-sWpam\n-p-p.
30. Bcym-hw: Cu `q`m-Kn\v Cu
t]cp hXv BZn-krjvSn apX Bcy-m Cu
`mKs A[n-h-kn-p--Xn-\m-emWv. Fm
CXns AXncv hSv lnam-e-bhpw sXv
hnym- N - e hpw ]Sn- mdv Av \ - Z nbpw
Ingv {_-]p-{X-bp-am-Wv. Cu \me-Xnnbv p- n D tZi- ns\ Bcymhsap ]d-bp-p. CXn kZm hkn-p--hsc
Bcy-m-scpw ]d-bp-p.
31. BNm-cy: kwtKm-]mwKw thZ-hnZy ]Tnnv kXym-Nmcw B{K-lnv anYym-Nmcw XyPnn-p--bm-fmWv BNm-cy.
32. injy: kXy-in--Whpw hnZybpw
428
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
44. Pw: icocw [cnv {]I-S-am-p--XmWv
Pw. CXp ]qhw, ]cw, a[yw Fp-aqp
{]Im-c-n-ep-v.
45. Pw--arXyp: ico-c-ns kwtbmKw
Phpw hntbm-Kw -am{Xw arXyp-hp-am-Wv.
46. hnhmlw: \nb-a-]qhw {]kn--am-n,
kzw C-bm ]mWn-{K-lWw sNp-X
- mWv
hnhm-lw.
47. \ntbmKw: hnhm- l - n\p tijw
]Xntbm ]Xv\ntbm acn-p-Itbm sNp
hntbm-K
- ntem AYhm \]pw-kI
- X
- zmZn nctcm-K-ntem, kv{Xotbm ]pcp-jt\m B]vXIm-e-n kzh-n-setbm Xt-Xn-s\m D-a-h-n-setbm kv{XotbmsSm
]pcp-j-t\mtSm tNv k-Xyp-Xv]m-Z\w \SpXv \ntbm-Kw.
48. kvXpXn: KpW-Io-\tam {ih-Wtam
m\tam BWv CXns ^ew {]oXnbpw apam-Wv.
49. {]m\: kzkm-aYyn\p ]pdta,
Cuiz-cs\ kw_-n hnm-\m-Zn-I e`np-hm Cuiz-c-t\mSv At]-n-p-Xv. CXn\p-^ew Zpc-`n-am-\-\m-ihpw ap-am-Wv.
50. D]m-k\: Cuiz-cs KpW-Ia-kz-`m-h ]hn-{X-am-I-bm, XtXpw A{]Imc-am-Ww. Cuiz-cs\ k-hym-]I
- \
- mbpw Xn
Cuiz-c hym]n-n-cn-p-spw {Klnv Cuizc-k-ao]w \mapw \psS Cuiz-c\pw Dsv
tbmKm-`ym-k-m kmm-XvI-cn-p-XmWv
D]m-k\, CXn\v mt\m--Xnbpw ap-amWv
^ew.
51. kKpW \nKpW kvXpXn {]mt\m]m-k\: Cuiz-c-\n-ep KpW--f-dnv
Ah-bm bp-s\pw Cm--h-b-dnv,
Ah-bn-m--h-s\pw Adnv Ion-p-XmWv kKp-W- \
- nKpWkvXp-Xn. ip`-Kp-W
-
{Kln-m Cuiz-c-t\m-Sn-n-p-Xpw, tZmj XyPn-m Cuiz-c-t\mSp klm-b-am-{ibn-p--Xp-am-Wv. kKp-W-\nKpW {]mY-\.
Fm KpW--fp-Xpw, kh-tZm-j--fm
cln-X\pw Bb-XmWv Cuiz-c-s\--dn-v,
kzw Bflm-hns\ Ah-\pw, Ahs Bbvp-ambn kanXmWv kKpW \nKp-
429
kXym-{]-Im-iw
]Xn-\memw kap-mkw
ka-\zn-X-amb kp{]-am-W-bp-hpw,
kp`m-jm-hn-`q-jn-Xh
- p-amb kXymY-{]-Imiw
F Cu {Kw kqWw.
kXymY-{]-Im-i
- ns
Cu ae-bmf Xa Sn-Wn--A-\p-_--
klnXw sNbvXv
lnm Zbm\{_m-al
- m-hn-Zym-eb
-
- nse
{]Ya tIc-fo-b-kv\m-X-I\pw sshZn-I-bXn aWvUew
BNmcy_ncpZw
km-\n--bm-fp-amb -\-tc-{-`q-j BWv.
u u u u u u u
430