Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
(English Translation)
July, 2014
SKKMIGAS
BP Indonesia
DISCLAIMER
The official text of AMDAL document on Integrated Activities of the Tangguh LNG
Expansion Project (Amdal Document) is Bahasa Indonesia. This is an unofficial
English translation of AMDAL Document. Reasonable efforts have been made to
provide an accurate translation, however, this translation is provided "as is." and for
convenience only. No warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, is made as to
the accuracy, correctness, or reliability of the English translation. Any discrepancies
or differences created in the translation are not binding and have no legal effect for
compliance or enforcement purposes. If any questions arise related to the accuracy of
the information contained in the English version of the AMDAL document, please refer
to the Bahasa Indonesia version of the AMDAL Document which is the official version.
FOREWORD
BP Berau Ltd. (BP) as the Operator of Tangguh LNG currently operates the Tangguh LNG
facility which consists of the LNG Train 1 and 2 and supporting facilities, two offshore
platforms, two subsea pipelines and fourteen production wells in Bintuni Bay, Teluk Bintuni
Regency, West Papua Province. The existing Tangguh operates under an Integrated AMDAL
that was approved through the Minister of Environment Decree No 85 Year 2002 concerning
Environmental Feasibility of the Business and or Integrated Activities of Gas Exploitation, LNG
Facility, Sea Port, Airfield and Tangguh LNG Resettlement by Pertamina-BP in Manokwari
Regency, Sorong Regency and Fak Fak regency, Papua Province. .
To increase Tangguh LNG production capacity, BP and its partners plan to expand the Tangguh
LNG facilities. Initial expansion is planned to include LNG Train 3, two platforms (ROA and
WDA), several additional wells (production and exploration wells, DCRI wells) including some
infill wells, two subsea pipelines, a combined LNG and Condensate Jetty and other supporting
facilities. Further development of gas supply including gas supply for LNG Train 3 and
development of LNG Train 4 is planned as part of the overall expansion project and included in
the TEP AMDAL Scope.
Based on Article 50 Clause (2) and (4) of the Government Regulation of the Republic of
Indonesia No. 27 Year 2012 concerning Environmental Permit and MoE Letter No.
11429/Dep.I/LH/12/12/2011 dated December 7th, 2011 concerning Environmental Assessment
Guidance, the Proposed Tangguh LNG Expansion Project shall be completed with a new
Environmental Impact Assessment (AMDAL) Study to be approved by the Central AMDAL
Commission under the Minister of Environment.
This Environmental Impact Statement (ANDAL), Environmental Management Plan (RKL), and
Environmental Monitoring Plan (RPL) are prepared in accordance with Minister of
Environment Regulation No. 16 Year 2012 concerning Guideline of Environmental Document
Development as well as ANDAL Terms of Reference (KA-ANDAL) that was approved by
Ministry of Environment dated July 24th, 2013 according to Decree of the Deputy Minister of
Environment of Environmental Governance Sector as a Chairman of Central AMDAL
Commission, Ministry of Environment No. 30 Year 2013 concerning ANDAL Terms of
Reference (KA-ANDAL) of the Proposed Tangguh LNG Expansion Project in Teluk Bintuni
Regency and Fakfak Regency, Papua Barat Province by BP Berau Ltd. .
We would like to express our appreciation to all parties who assist the development of the
AMDAL (Environmental Impact Assessment) document of the Proposed Tangguh LNG
Expansion Project.
ii
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DISCLAIMER ....................................................................................................................................... i
FOREWORD ...................................................................................................................................... ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................... iv
LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................................x
LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................... xxix
LIST OF MAPS .................................................................................................................................. xlv
LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................................................... xlvi
LIST OF ACRONYMS.................................................................................................................. xlviii
CHAPTER I
1.2
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.4
1.2.5
1.3
1.4
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.4
1.4.2
iv
2.1.3
2.1.4
2.1.5
2.1.6
2.1.7
Geology.......................................................................................... II-87
2.1.7.1 Geology and Stratigraphy ............................................ II-87
2.1.7.2 Morphology and Slope ................................................. II-88
2.1.7.3 Local Stratigraphy ......................................................... II-89
2.1.7.4 Local Geological Structure ........................................... II-90
2.1.7.5 Earthquake and Tsunami ............................................. II-91
2.1.8
2.1.9
BIOLOGY ...................................................................................................II-214
2.2.1
2.3
2.3.2
2.4
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.5
2.5.2
vi
2.5.3
2.5.4
2.5.5
2.5.6
2.5.7
Geophysical-Chemical.................................................................. III-8
3.1.1.1 Noise ................................................................................ III-8
3.1.1.2 Sea Water Quality .......................................................... III-9
3.1.2
3.1.3
3.2
Geophysical-Chemical................................................................ III-71
3.2.1.1 Seawater Quality .......................................................... III-71
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.3
vii
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.3.4
3.4
viii
3.4.3
ix
LIST OF TABLES
Table I-1
Table I-2
Table I-3
Table I-4
Table I-5
Table I-6
Table I-7
Table I-8
Table I-9
Table I-10
Table I-11
Table I-12
Table I-13
Table I-14
Table I-15
Table I-16
Table I-17
Table I-18
Table I-19
Table I-20
Table I-21
Table I-22
Table I-23
Table I-24
Table I-25
Table I-26
Table I-27
Table I-28
Table I-29
Table I-30
Table I-31
Table I-32
Table I-33
Table I-34
Table I-35
Table I-36
Table I-37
Table I-38
Table I-39
Table I-40
Table I-41
Table I-42
Table II-1
Table II-2
Table II-3
Table II-4
Table II-5
Table II-6
Table II-7
Table II-8
Sediment Dip at Depths of 300 m and 600 m in Seismic Path ....... II-37
Table II-9
Table II-10
xi
Table II-11
Table II-12
Table II-13
Table II-14
Table II-15
Table II-16
Table II-17
Table II-18
Table II-19
Table II-20
Table II-21
Table II-22
Table II-23
Table II-24
Table II-25
Average Slope Length and Gradient Index of Each SPT (LS) ......... II-85
Table II-26
Table II-27
Table II-28
Table II-29
Table II-30
Table II-31
Table II-32
Table II-33
Table II-34
Table II-35
Table II-36
Table II-37
Table II-38
Table II-39
xii
Table II-40
Table II-41
Table II-42
Table II-43
Table II-44
Table II-45
Table II-46
Table II-47
The Height (Hs) and Period (Ts) of Significant Waves .................. II-182
Table II-48
Table II-49
Table II-50
Density of the Five Tree Habit Plant Species with the Highest
Density at Transect-1 in Lowland Forests at Tangguh LNG
Areas ..................................................................................................... II-221
Table II-51
Density of the Five Tree Habit Plant Species with the Highest
Density at Transect-2 in Lowland Forests at Tangguh LNG
Areas ..................................................................................................... II-222
Table II-52
Density of the Five Tree Habit Plant Species with the Highest
Density at Transect-3 in Lowland Forests at Tangguh LNG
Areas ..................................................................................................... II-223
Table II-53
Table II-54
Table II-55
Table II-56
Table II-57
Table II-58
Five Plant Types of the Epiphytes and Liana Habits with the
Highest Important Value Index at the Swamp Forest
Ecosystem Type ................................................................................... II-227
Table II-59
xiii
Table II-60
Five Plant Species of the Tree Habits with the Highest INP in
Transect-1 Lowland Forests ............................................................... II-227
Table II-61
Five Plant Species of the Tree Habit with the Highest INP at
Transect-2 at Lowland Forests ........................................................... II-228
Table II-62
Five Plant Species of the Tree Habit with the Highest INP at
the Transect-3 Lowland Forest .......................................................... II-229
Table II-63
Table II-64
Table II-65
Table II-66
Table II-67
Table II-68
Table II-69
Table II-70
Table II-71
Table II-72
Table II-73
Table II-74
Table II-75
Table II-76
Table II-77
Table II-78
Table II-79
xiv
Table II-80
Table II-81
Table II-82
Table II-83
Table II-84
Table II-85
Table II-86
Table II-87
Table II-88
Table II-89
Table II-90
Table II-91
Table II-92
Table II-93
Table II-94
Table II-95
Bintuni Bay Water Width Based on the Depth Strata .................... II-314
Table II-96
Table II-97
Table II-98
Table II-99
Table II-100
xv
Table II-101
Table II-102
Table II-103
Table II-104
Table II-105
Table II-106
Table II-107
Table II-108
Table II-109
Table II-110
Table II-111
Table II-112
Table II-113
Table II-114
Table II-115
Table II-116
Table II-117
Table II-118
Table II-119
Table II-120
Table II-121
Table II-122
Table II-123
Table II-124
Table II-125
Table II-126
Table II-127
Table II-128
Table II-129
Table II-130
Table II-131
xvi
Table II-132
Table II-133
Table II-134
Table II-135
Table II-136
Table II-137
Table II-138
Table II-139
Table II-140
Table II-141
Table II-142
Table II-143
Table II-144
Table II-145
Table II-146
Table II-147
Table II-148
Table II-149
Table II-150
Table II-151
Table II-152
Table II-153
Table II-154
Table II-155
Table II-156
Table II-157
Table II-158
Table II-159
xvii
Table II-160
Table II-161
Table II-162
Table II-163
Table II-164
Table II-165
Table II-166
Table II-167
Table II-168
Table II-169
Table II-170
Table II-171
Table II-172
Table II-173
Table II-174
Table II-175
Cultural Objects of the Simuri Tribe and Sebyar Tribe .................. II-461
Table II-176
Table II-177
Table II-178
Table II-179
Table II-180
Table II-181
Table II-182
Table II-183
Table II-184
Table II-185
Table II-186
Table II-187
Table II-188
Table II-189
Table II-190
xviii
Table II-191
Table II-192
Table II-193
Table II-194
Table II-195
Table II-196
Table II-197
Table II-198
Table II-199
Table II-200
Table II-201
Table II-202
Table II-203
Table II-204
Table II-205
Table II-206
Table II-207
Table II-208
Table II-209
Table II-210
Table II-211
Table II-212
Table II-213
Table II-214
Table II-215
Table II-216
Table II-217
Table II-218
xix
Table II-219
Table II-220
Table II-221
Table II-222
Table II-223
Table II-224
Table II-225
Clean Water Sources and Waste Disposal in Sumuri in 2011 ....... II-511
Table II-226
Table II-227
Table II-228
Table II-229
Table III-1
Table III-2
Table III-3
Determining the Size of the Impact on Social-EconomicCultural and Public Health Aspects .................................................... III-6
Table III-4
Determining the Magnitude of the Impact on SocialEconomic-Cultural and Public Health Aspects.................................. III-6
Table III-5
Table III-6
Table III-7
Table III-8
Table III-9
Drill Cuttings and Mud Particle Distribution and Size .................. III-11
Table III-10
Table III-11
Table III-12
xx
Table III-13
Table III-16
Table III-17
Table III-18
Table III-19
Table III-20
Table III-21
Table III-22
Table III-23
Table III-24
Table III-25
Table III-26
Table III-27
xxi
Table III-28
Table III-29
Table III-30
Table III-31
Table III-32
Table III-33
Table III-34
Table III-35
Table III-36
Table III-37
Table III-38
Table III-39
Table III-40
Table III-41
Table III-42
Table III-43
xxii
Table III-45
Table III-46
Table III-47
Table III-48
Table III-49
Table III-50
Table III-51
Table III-52
Table III-53
Table III-54
Table III-55
Table III-56
Table III-57
Table III-58
Table III-59
Table III-60
Table III-61
Table III-62
Table III-63
Table III-64
Table III-65
Table III-66
Table III-67
Table III-68
Table III-69
Table III-70
Table III-71
Table III-72
Table III-73
xxiii
Table III-74
Table III-75
Table III-76
Table III-77
Table III-78
Table III-79
Table III-80
Table III-81
Table III-82
Table III-83
Table III-84
Table III-85
Table III-86
Table III-87
Table III-88
Table III-89
Table III-90
Table III-91
Table III-92
Table III-93
Table III-94
Table III-95
xxiv
Table III-96
Table III-97
Table III-98
Table III-99
Table III-100 Evaluation of Impact Change in Fauna Species Diversity ........ III-251
Table III-101 Evaluation of Impact Change in Fauna Species Distribution ... III-255
Table III-102 Change in Wildlife Habitat ............................................................... III-258
Table III-103 Evaluation of Impact Marine Transportation Activities of
Manpower, Equipment and Materials and Liquid Waste
Management Activities toward Change in Nekton Diversity
(including Sea Mammals) ................................................................. III-264
Table III-104 Inhabitants of Tanah Merah, Saengga and Onar Based on the
Category of Indigenous People and Permanent Migrants in
2002 and 2009 ...................................................................................... III-267
Table III-105 Development of Religious People in the Tanah Merah,
Saengga, and Onar Villages in 2002, 2007 and 2009 ..................... III-268
Table III-106 Inhabitants of Tanah Merah, Saengga, and Onar Based on
the Percentage Category of the Indigenous People and
Migrant Population in 2002, 2007, and 2009 ................................... III-269
Table III-107 Impact Evaluation LNG Train Activities in the
Construction Phase against Demographics: Migration
Changes (Mobility), Population Structure Changes and
Population Growth............................................................................. III-271
Table III-108 Population Growth in the Surroundings of Tangguh LNG
and Predictions in 2003, 2012, 2019, and 2027 ................................ III-273
Table III-109 Impact Evaluation - LNG Train Activities at the Operations
Phase of the Demographics: Changes of Migration
(Mobility), Changes of Population Structure and Population
Growth ................................................................................................. III-274
Table III-110 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities in the PostOperation Phase against Demographics: Migration Changes
(Mobility), Changes of Population Structure and Population
Growth ................................................................................................. III-277
Table III-111 Evaluation of Impact - LNG Train Activities during the
Construction Phase against Manpower: Employment
Opportunities, Unemployment ........................................................ III-280
Table III-112 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the
Operations Phase against Work Opportunities ............................. III-281
Table III-113 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the PostOperations Phase against Demobilization of Manpower ............. III-283
Table III-114 Agricultural Products in the Tanah Merah, Saengga and
Onar Villages in 2009 ......................................................................... III-285
ANDAL FOR INTEGRATEDACTIVITIES OF THE TANGGUH LNG EXPANSION PROJECT
xxv
xxvi
Table III-134 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the PostOperations Phase against Public Perceptions ................................ III-331
Table III-135 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the
Construction Phase against Social Tensions ................................... III-334
Table III-136 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the
Operations Phase against Social Tensions ...................................... III-336
Table III-137 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the Postoperations Phase against Social Tensions ....................................... III-338
Table III-138 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the
Operations Phase against Changes to the Cultural Heritage....... III-340
Table III-139 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the PostOperations Phase against the Cultural heritage ............................ III-342
Table III-140 Availability Level of Educational Facilities in Districts of the
Bintuni Bay Regency .......................................................................... III-344
Table III-141 Availability Level of Educational Facilities in the Districts of
Fakfak Regency ................................................................................... III-345
Table III-142 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Construction Activities
against the Decreased Access on Public Services including
Education ............................................................................................. III-347
Table III-143 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Operations Activities
against Decreased Access towards Public Services including
Education ............................................................................................. III-349
Table III-144 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Post-Operations Activities
against the Increased Access to Public Services including
Education ............................................................................................. III-351
Table III-145 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities in the
Construction Phase against Changes of Disease Patterns ............ III-353
Table III-146 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the
Operations Phase against Disease Pattern Changes...................... III-355
Table III-147 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the PostOperations Phase against Changes on Disease Patterns .............. III-357
Table III-148 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the
Construction Phase against Changes of Disease Prevalence ....... III-359
Table III-149 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the
Operations Phase against Disease Prevalence Changes ............... III-361
Table III-150 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the PostOperations Phase against the Changes of Disease Prevalence .... III-363
Table III-151 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the
Construction Phase against Changes of Access to Health
Care ...................................................................................................... III-365
Table III-152 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the
Operations Phase against Changes to Access of Health Care ...... III-367
xxvii
Table III-153 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the PostOperations Phase against the Changes of Access to Health
Care ...................................................................................................... III-369
Table III-154 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the
Construction Phase against Changes of the Environmental
Health ................................................................................................... III-371
Table III-155 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the
Operations Phase against the Changes of Environmental
Health ................................................................................................... III-372
Table III-156 Evaluation of Impact LNG Train Activities during the PostOperations Phase against the Changes of Environmental
Health ................................................................................................... III-374
Table III-157 Evaluation of Impact The Presence of the Specific Terminal
on Flow Pattern Changes .................................................................. III-377
Table III-158 Evaluation of Impact The Presence of Specific Terminal
Facilities on Coastline Abrasions ..................................................... III-381
Table III-159 Particle Size Distribution of Dredging Material............................. III-384
Table III-160 Evaluation of Impact TSS Increase from Dredging during
Construction and Maintenance Dredging ...................................... III-389
Table III-161 Evaluation of Impact The Increase of Suspended Solid
Contents (TSS) due to Dredging Material Disposal ...................... III-391
Table III-162 Sea Transportation during the Operations Phase .......................... III-394
Table III-163 Evaluation of Impact Sea Transportation Activities for
Manpower, Equipment and Material, Loading of LNG and
Condensate against the Changes of Nekton Diversity
(including Sea Mammals) ................................................................. III-396
Table III-164 Modeling Results against Maximum Increased TSS
Concentration of Dredging and Dredging Material Disposal
Activities .............................................................................................. III-400
Table III-165 Evaluation of Impact Impact of Dredging and Disposal of
Dredging and Maintenance Dredging against Abundance of
Plankton ............................................................................................... III-400
Table III-166 Evaluation of Impact Impact of Dredging during the
Construction Phase and Maintenance Dredging against
Abundance of Benthos....................................................................... III-405
Table III-167 Evaluation of Impact Impact of Dredging Material Disposal
on the Abundance of Benthos........................................................... III-410
Table III-168 Evaluation of Impact Construction Activities against
Disturbances on Fishery Activities .................................................. III-414
Table III-169 Evaluation of Impact Operations Activities of the Special
Terminal Facilities against Disturbances on Fishery Activities ... III-416
Table III-170 Evaluation of Impact Construction Activities against the
Decline in Fishermen Incomes.......................................................... III-419
ANDAL FOR INTEGRATEDACTIVITIES OF THE TANGGUH LNG EXPANSION PROJECT
xxviii
Table IV-2
Table IV-3
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure I-1
Figure I-2
Figure I-3
Figure I-4
Figure I-5
xxix
Figure I-6
Figure I-7
Figure I-8
Figure I-9
Figure I-10
Figure I-11
Figure I-12
Figure I-13
Figure I-14
Figure I-15
Figure I-16
Figure I-17
Figure I-18
Figure I-19
Figure I-20
Figure I-21
Figure I-22
Figure I-23
Figure I-24
Figure I-25
Figure I-26
Figure I-27
Figure I-28
Figure I-29
Figure I-30
Master Plot Plan for the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project *) ......... I-102
Figure I-31
Figure I-32
Figure I-33
Figure I-34
Water Mass Balance for Current Tangguh LNG Operations ......... I-120
Figure I-35
Figure I-36
xxx
Figure I-37
Figure I-38
Figure I-39
Figure I-40
Figure I-41
Figure I-42
Diagram for Current Solid Waste Management (NonHazardous) at Tangguh LNG ............................................................. I-130
Figure I-43
Figure I-44
Figure I-45
Figure I-46
Figure I-47
Figure I-48
Figure I-49
Figure I-50
Figure I-51
Figure I-52
Figure I-53
Figure I-54
Figure I-55
Figure I-56
Figure I-57
Figure I-58a
Figure I-58b
Figure I-58c
Figure I-59
Figure I-60
Figure I-61
Figure I-62
Figure I-63
Figure I-64
Figure I-65
Figure I-66
Figure I-67
xxxi
Figure I-68
Figure I-69
Figure II-1
Figure II-2
Figure II-3
Figure II-4
Figure II-5
Figure II-6
Figure II-7
Figure II-8
Figure II-9
Figure II-10
Figure II-11
Figure II-12
Figure II-13
Figure II-14
Figure II-15
Figure II-16
Figure II-17
Figure II-18
Figure II-19
Figure II-20
Figure II-21
Well Locations with Lithologic Logs and Seismic Path ................... II-38
Figure II-22
xxxii
Figure II-23
Figure II-24
Figure II-25
Figure II-26
Figure II-27
Figure II-28
Figure II-29
Figure II-30
Figure II-31
Figure II-32
Figure II-33
Figure II-34
Figure II-35
Figure II-36
Figure II-37
Figure II-38
Figure II-39
Figure II-40
Figure II-41
Figure II-42
Figure II-43
Figure II-44
Nitrite Concentration in Monitoring Wells around the nonB3 Waste Landfill Location ................................................................ II-109
Figure II-45
Figure II-46
Figure II-47
xxxiii
Figure II-48
Figure II-49
Figure II-50
Figure II-51
Figure II-52
Figure II-53
Figure II-54
Figure II-55
Figure II-56
Figure II-57
Figure II-58
Figure II-59
Figure II-60
Figure II-61
Figure II-62
Figure II-63
Figure II-64
Figure II-65
Figure II-66
Figure II-67
Figure II-68
Figure II-69
Figure II-70
Figure II-71
Figure II-72
Figure II-73
xxxiv
Figure II-74
Figure II-75
Figure II-76
Figure II-77
Figure II-78
Figure II-79
Figure II-80
Figure II-81
Figure II-82
Figure II-83
Figure II-84
Figure II-85
Figure II-86
Figure II-87
Figure II-88
Figure II-89
Figure II-90
Figure II-91
xxxv
Figure II-92
Figure II-93
Figure II-94
Figure II-95
Figure II-96
Figure II-97
Figure II-98
Figure II-99
xxxvi
Figure II-107 Current Pattern of Simulation Results When the Sea Surface
at the MSL Point Moves Towards the Lowest Ebb Point in
the Month of August Representing the Southeast Monsoon at
Bintuni Bay ........................................................................................... II-193
Figure II-108 Current Pattern of Simulation Results of the Sea Surface at
the Lowest Ebb Point in the Month of August Representing
the Southeast Monsoon at Bintuni Bay ............................................ II-193
Figure II-109 Verification Results of the Measurement Results Current
Data (in Blue) and the Simulation Model (in Red) ......................... II-194
Figure II-110 Profile Measurement Location of Water Temperature,
Salinity and Density at Bintuni Bay .................................................. II-195
Figure II-111 Temperature Profile (C) against the Depth Plotted from All
CTD Data Measured During the Northeast Monsoon (Colors
Indicate CTD Stations) ........................................................................ II-196
Figure II-112 Salinity Profile (psu) against Depth Plotted from All CTD
Data Measured in the Northeast Monsoon (Color Indicates
CTD Stations) ....................................................................................... II-197
Figure II-113 Density Profile (kg/m3) against the Depth Plotted from All
CTD Data Measured During the Northeast Monsoon (Color
Indicate CTD Stations) ........................................................................ II-198
Figure II-114 Sea Surface Temperature Distribution During the Northeast
Monsoon from CTD Measurement Results ..................................... II-199
Figure II-115 Sea Surface Salinity Distribution During the Northeast
Monsoon from CTD Measurement Results ..................................... II-199
Figure II-116 Sea Surface Density Distribution During the Northeast
Monsoon as Calculation Results from Temperature and
Salinity Data Measured by CTD Sensors ........................................ II-200
Figure II-117 Temperature Cross Sections (C) from the Mouth Direction
to the Bay Head During the Northeast Monsoon ........................... II-201
Figure II-118 Salinity Cross-Sectionals (psu) from the Bay Mouth Direction
to the Head during the Northeast Monsoon ................................... II-202
Figure II-119 Density Cross-Sectionals (kg/m3) from the Bay Mouth to the
Head Direction During the Northeast Monsoon ............................ II-202
Figure II-120 Temperature Cross-Sectionals (C) from the North Side to the
South Side Near the Bay Mouth During the Northeast
Monsoon ............................................................................................... II-203
Figure II-121 Salinity Cross-Sectionals (psu) from the North Side to the
South Side Near the Bay Mouth During the Northeast
Monsoon ............................................................................................... II-203
Figure II-122 Density Cross-Sectionals (kg/m3) from the North Side to the
South Side Near the Bay Mouth During the Northeast
Monsoon ............................................................................................... II-204
xxxvii
Figure II-123 Temperature Cross-Sectionals (C) from the North Side to the
South Side in the Bay Central Part During the Northeast
Monsoon ............................................................................................... II-204
Figure II-124 Salinity Cross-Sectionals (psu) from the North Side to the
South Side in the Bay Central Part During the Northeast
Monsoon ............................................................................................... II-205
Figure II-125 Density Cross-Sectionals (Kg/m3) from the Bay South Side to
the Central Part During the Northeast Monsoon .......................... II-205
Figure II-126 Temperature Profile (C) against the Depth Plotted from All
CTD Data Measured During the Southeast Monsoon (Color
Indicates CTD Stations) ...................................................................... II-206
Figure II-127 Salinity Profile (psu) against Depth Plotted from All CTD
Data Measured During the Southeast Monsoon (Color
Indicates CTD Stations) ...................................................................... II-207
Figure II-128 Density Profile (kg/m3) against Depth Plotted from All CTD
Data measured during the Southeast monsoon (Colors
Indicate CTD Stations) ........................................................................ II-208
Figure II-129 Distribution of Sea Surface Temperature During the
Southeast Monsoon as CTD Measurement Results ........................ II-209
Figure II-130 Distribution of Sea Surface Salinity During the Southeast
Monsoon as CTD Measurement Results .......................................... II-209
Figure II-131 Distribution of Sea Surface Density During the Southeast
Monsoon as CTD Measurement Results .......................................... II-210
Figure II-132 Cross-sectional Temperature (C) from the Direction of the
Bay Mouth to the Head During the Southeast Monsoon .............. II-211
Figure II-133 Cross-sectional Salinity (psu) from the Direction of the Bay
Mouth to the Head During the Southeast Monsoon ...................... II-212
Figure II-134 Cross-sectional Density (Kg/m3) from the Direction of the
Bay Mouth to the Head During the Southeast Monsoon .............. II-212
Figure II-135 Cross-section of Temperature (C) from the North Side to the
South Side Near the Bay Mouth During the Southeast
Monsoon ............................................................................................... II-213
Figure II-136 Cross-section of Salinity (psu) from the North Side to the
South Side Near the Bay Mouth During the Southeast
Monsoon ............................................................................................... II-214
Figure II-137 Cross-section of Density (kg/m3) from the North Side to the
South Side Near the Bay Mouth During the Southeast
Monsoon ............................................................................................... II-214
Figure II-138 Cross-section of Temperature (C) from the North Side to the
South Side in the Bay Central Part During the Southeast
Monsoon ............................................................................................... II-215
xxxviii
Figure II-139 Cross-section of Salinity (psu) from the North side to the
South side in the Bay Central Part During the Southeast
Monsoon ............................................................................................... II-216
Figure II-140 Cross-section of Density (kg/m3) from the North Side to the
South Side in the Bay Central Part During the Southeast
Monsoon ............................................................................................... II-216
Figure II-141 Vegetation Density in the Buffer Area from 2000 to 2011 ............. II-218
Figure II-142 Land Closure Conditions at the Tangguh LNG Buffer Area,
Based on Landsat 5 and Landsat 7 ETM Images, Year 2000,
2008 and 2011 ....................................................................................... II-219
Figure II-143 Vegetation Density Level Based on the NDVI Analysis at the
Tangguh LNG Buffer Area Based on the Landsat 5 and
Landsat 7 ETM Images, Year 2000, 2008 and 2011.......................... II-220
Figure II-144 Species Accumulation Curve Based on Searches at Tangguh
LNG in 2011.......................................................................................... II-263
Figure II-145 Abundance Proportion of Phytoplankton Class (%) at Every
River Water Observation Location in the Study Area
Comparing Dry Season and Rainy Season Conditions .................. II-274
Figure II-146 Total of Taxa and Abundance of Phytoplankton at Every
Observation Location of River Water at the Study Area
Comparing Conditions in the Dry Season and Rainy Season ....... II-275
Figure II-147 Index of Diversity (H), Uniformity (E) and Dominance (c ) of
the Phytoplankton Community at Every River Water
Observation Location in the Study Area Comparing the
Conditions of the Dry Seasons and the Rainy Seasons .................. II-276
Figure II-148 Proportion of Zooplankton Class Abundance (%) at Every
River Water Observation Location in the Study Area
Comparing the Conditions of the Dry Seasons and Rainy
Seasons .................................................................................................. II-277
Figure II-149 Number of Zooplankton taxa and Abundance at Every River
Water Observation Location in the Study Area Comparing
the Conditions of Dry Seasons and Rainy Seasons ........................ II-278
Figure II-150 Index of Diversity (H), Uniformity (E) and Dominance (c) of
the Zooplankton Community at Every River Water
Observation Location (SW = Surface Water) at the Study
Area Comparing the Conditions of Dry Seasons and Rainy
Seasons .................................................................................................. II-279
Figure II-151 Abundance Proportion of the Benthos Organisms Class (%)
at Every Observation Location at River Waters in the Study
Area Comparing the Dry Season and Rainy Season
Conditions ............................................................................................ II-280
xxxix
xl
xli
xlii
xliii
xliv
Figure II-259 Nutrition Post in Tomage Village in Bomberay District ................ II-502
Figure II-260 Community Health Center in Kokas City........................................ II-504
Figure II-261 Clean Water in Weriagar District ...................................................... II-506
Figure II-262 MCK Taroy Village, Tomu District ................................................... II-507
Figure II-263 Community Well in Sisir Village, Kokas District ........................... II-514
Figure II-264 A Man Taking Water in Sisir Village, Kokas District ..................... II-514
Figure II-265 History of Setting Bintuni Bay Nature Reserve .............................. II-516
Figure II-266 Underwater Electricity Cables ........................................................... II-519
.Figure IV-1
Figure IV-2
Figure IV-3
Figure IV-4
LIST OF MAPS
Map I-1
Map I-2
Map I-3
Map I-4
Map I-5
Map I-6
Map I-7
Map I-8
Ecological Boundary (Marine Biota and Sea Water Quality) ......... I-207
Map I-9
Map I-10
Map I-11
Map II-1
Map II-2
Map II-3
Map II-4
xlv
Map II-5
Map II-6
Map II-7
Map II-8
Map II-9
Map II-10
Map II-11
Map II-12
Map II-13
Map II-14
Map II-15
Map II-16
Map II-17
Map II-18
Map II-19
Map II-20
Map II-21
Map III-1
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix I
Appendix II
II.1
xlvi
II.2
II.3
II.4
II.5
II.6
Meteorological Data
II.7
Appendix III
Photo Documentation
Appendix IV
Modeling Results
IV. 1
IV. 2
IV.3
Hydrodynamic Modeling
Comingle Waste Water Discharge Modeling
Hydrotest Water Discharge Modeling
Combined Waste Water and Hydrotest Water Discharge
Modeling
Dredging Modeling
Dredge Materials Disposal Modeling
Modeling of Mud and Drill Cuttings Overboard Discharge
IV.4
Modeling
of
Noise
Dispersion
Construction Activities
ANDAL FOR INTEGRATEDACTIVITIES OF THE TANGGUH LNG EXPANSION PROJECT
xlvii
from
the
Tangguh
LNG
IV.5
Appendix V
Groundwater Modeling
Indicators of Hypothetical Significant Impact and Impact
Sensitivity Level Evaluation
Appendix VI
LIST OF ACRONYMS
ADDAMS
Automated Dredging
Modelling System
Ag
Silver
AGI
AGRU
Aggradation
Aquifer
Al
Aluminum
Alkalinity
Alluvial
Alluvium
Alotonus
Ambient
AMDAL
Anaerobic
ANDAL
Anemometer
Offshore Platform
Drilling Platform
Annulus
xlviii
and
Disposal
Alternatives
eroded,
Anoxia
Anthropogenic
ANZECC
APK
AQ
Air Quality
AQN
Flood current
Rectilinear Current
As
Arsenic
Attenuation
Autotonus
Avifauna
Boron
B3
Ba
Barium
Ballast water
BAPEDAL
Bathimetry
Benthic
Benthos
Specific Gravity
Calcareous
Bioaccumulation
Bioavailability
xlix
Zealand
Environment
and
Biochemical
=
Oxygen
Demand
(BOD)
Biodegradation
Biogenic
Biomass
Biocide
Bivalve
BL-BD
Northwest Southwest
BOD
BOF
BOG
Boil-Off Gas
BP
Berau
(BP)
Ltd. =
BPS
Breasting
Dolphin
BS
Base Saturation
BTEX
CaCO3
Calcium Carbonate
CAD
Reserves
Secchi Disc
CAP
CBL
CD
Chart Datum
Cd
Cadmium
CEC
CEMS
CITES
Cl
Chloride
Chemical Oxygen =
Demand (COD)
Chenier
CN
Cyanide
CNOOC
Co
Cobalt
CO
Carbon Monoxide
COD
CORMIX
CPI
Cr
Chromium
CRA
CTD
Cu
Cuprum (Copper)
CV
Comanditer Vennootschap
Watershed
DAF
DAS
River Basin
dB(A)
Decibel Type A
DCRI
DED
DEM
Decibel
Deck
li
Tree-shaped
Desalinisation
Dispersion
DO
Dissolved Oxygen
DPL
DR
Dependency Ratio
Dredge
DWT
DPH
EBLS
EBB
EC
Electro conductivity
EDG
Ephemeral
Short-lived
Effluent
EHI
EIA
Exploration
Production
Emulsification
Endemic
lii
Entomology
EP
Equatorial Principal
EPAM
EPC
Epibentik
Epibiota
Erosion
Estuary
Evaporation
Fluoride
Fe
Ferrum (Iron)
Feedgas
FF
Far Field
FGD
FID
Filariasis
Physiographic
Phytoplankton
Flaring
Gas burning
Flocculation
Fluorocarbon
Acid gas
Gastropod
liii
Coriolis Force
GC-FID
GEMSS
Tidal Scour
GHG
GIFT
Gleisol
GPF
GPFSB
GPS
Grains
Grassroots
Gravimeter
GW
Ground Water
Habitat
HAM
Human Rights
HC
Hydrocarbon
HDD
HDI
HDM
Hydrodynamic Module
Hg
Hydrargyrum (Mercury)
Hydrodynamics
Hydrology
liv
Hindcasting
HIV
HP
High Pressure
HPH
Forest Concession
HRSG
IDF
Intensity-Duration-Frequency
IFC
ILO
IMO
IMS
Infauna
Infrastructure
Intelligent Pig
Intertidal
Core
Inundation
IP
Indigenous People
IPB
IPCC
IPM
IPAL
ISD
ISO
Isobath
Isopleth
IPDP
ISP
ISPA
Isthmus
ITB
IUCN
lv
IWMF
Jacket
Jetty
JNCC
Potassium
KA
Terms of Reference
Cambisol
Diversity
Biodiversity
Species Richness
KepMen
Ministers Decision
Chemisorption
Chlorofluorocarbon
KKKS
KKS
KLH
KMnO4
Potassium Permanganate
KO
Knock Out
Coliform
Condensate
Condensate Gas
Conductivity
KPAD
Cryogenic
lvi
Quadrat
Langrangian
Field
Larva
LAT
LC50
LCR
LCT
LEBM
Plate Tectonics
Lentic
Leq
LH
Environment
Hazardous waste
LIPI
Liquefaction
Lithosphere
LNG
Heavy Metals
Lotic
LPG
LP
=
=
Ltd
Limited
Drilling Mud
MARPOL 73/78
Magnetometer
MBAS
MCB
lvii
MCHE
MDEA
Mediterranean
Mg
Magnesium
Mn
Manganese
MODU
Mooring Dolphin
Morphology
MPSV
MR
Mixed Refrigerant
MRU
MSDS
MTPA
Musrenbang
Micrometer
MW
Mega Watt
North
Na
Natrium
NE
North East
Nekton
NF
Near Field
Ni
Nickel
Nm3
NO2
Nitrogen Dioxide
NO3-N
Nitrogen Nitrate
NRCS
NTU
NUI
NW
North West
O3
Ozon
OCIMF
ODV
Offsite
Ophiolitic
lviii
Organosol
Orogeny
OSCP
OSU
OSV
OTPS
OWS
Phosphorus
PAH
Latent Heat
Slack Tide
Spring Tides
Fault
Thrust Fault
Strike-Slip Faulting
Brackish
Pb
Plumbum (Tin)
PC
Public Consultation
PCDP
Pelagic
Pemkab
Regency Government
Stratified Sampling
lix
PerDa
Regional Regulation
Wave Period
Percolation
Permeability
PerMen
Ministers Regulation
Tracer
pH
Pig
Pig trap
Plankton
PM2,5
Particulate Matter
micrometers
PM10
POB
People on Board
Podzolic
Polychaeta
Population
Porosity
Processing
Train
Profile
1.
lx
2.
surveyed
Graph illustrating ordinate variations of several
oceanographic quantities along a straight line to
level distance as the abscissa
Propagation
Sound Propagation
Fluvial
PP
Government Regulation
ppm
ppmv
PSC
PSK
PT
PW
Produced Water
PWT
RBI
REA
Reflectivity
Relic
Rendzina
Reservoir
Riparian
RKL
RMSE
RPL
RRA
ROV
South
Salinity
Sb
Antimony
SBL
SBM
Scat
Animal droppings
SDM
Human Resources
Process
lxi
SE
South East
Se
Selenium
Sedimentation
Seismic
Seismicity
Seismogenic
Shorebase
Facility on land as
offshore project
Synergistic
Synoptic
Richter Scale
SKKMIGAS
SNI
SO2
Sulfur Dioxide
SO4
Sulfate
SOBM
Sonar
STD
STFATE
STG
STI
STP
Strata
Stratification
lxii
Stratigraphy
Infill well
Appraisal well
Surfaktan
SW
South West
TAR
Laterite soil
TBC
Tuberculosis
Tcf
TCLP
TDS
TEAP
TEG
Triethylene Glycol
TGU
Pile
TL-TG
Northeast - Southeast
TLNG
TNI
Topography
TPAK
TPH
TPS
Trajectory
Trajectory path
Trestle
TS
Temperature-Salinity
TSP
TSS
Tsunamigenic
Turbidity
Tychoplankton
lxiii
User-Defined Constituent
UDHR
UKL
UNGP-HR
UPL
USACE
USLE
US EPA
UU
Law
VES
VOC
VSP
WBM
WHO
Wind Rose
Work-Over
WWT
Wastewater Treatment
Zn
Zinc
Littoral Zone
Zoning
Subduction Zone
Zooplankton
Animal Plankton
lxiv
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND
The Tangguh LNG Plant is located on the southern shores of Bintuni Bay in Teluk
Bintuni Regency, West Papua Province, as shown in Figure I-1.
Figure I-1
The current operations of Tangguh LNG include offshore gas production facilities
and onshore LNG processing facilities. The offshore gas production facilities
encompass production facilities, collection and transmission facilities for natural gas
and associated liquids from the Vorwata gas field. The gas is produced from 14
production wells at two offshore platforms (VRA and VRB) and transported
through two subsea pipelines to an onshore LNG Plant to be purified and processed
into Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) for export by LNG tankers.
The onshore facilities include two LNG processing trains (LNG Train 1 and 2) with a
maximum production capacity of 7.6 mtpa (million tons per annum), LNG Jetty,
Combo Dock, and other supporting facilities, including accommodations and
administrative offices. The current Tangguh LNG plant has been fully operational
since July 1st, 2010.
Tangguh LNG currently has a long-term LNG sales contract with four buyers,
namely CNOOC Fujian LNG Co. Ltd. from China, K-Power Co. Ltd. from Korea,
POSCO from Korea, and Sempra Energy LNG Marketing Corp. from Mexico.
Tangguh LNG comprises of three Production Sharing Contract (PSC) namely Berau
PSC, Muturi PSC, and Wiriagar PSC ("Tangguh PSC"). BP Berau Ltd. ("BP") has been
appointed as the operator to run Tangguh LNG for and in the name of all
participating interest holders under Tangguh PSC ("Tangguh Affiliates"). Presently,
Tangguh Affiliates comprise a number of business entities as denoted within
Table I-1.
Table I-1
No
Name of Company
1.
BP Berau Ltd.
34.24
2.
BP Wiriagar Ltd.
8.56
3.
BP Muturi Holding BV
16.30
4.
MI Berau BV
12.23
5.
0.21
6.
13.90
7.
7.35
8.
2.71
9.
1.44
10.
3.06
Tangguh LNG is planning to expand its operations by developing LNG Train 3, and
future development which involves the development of LNG Train 4 and other
supporting facilities. The Tangguh LNG expansion project is aims to optimize LNG
production of the existing reserve, thus could provide benefits for the Government
of Indonesia, the community, and proponent, among others:
Contribute in fulfilling domestic gas needs, considering that 40% of LNG Train
3's production will be allocated to the domestic market;
Increase revenue for the national and local governments based on LNG sales
and the related taxes;
Open up job and business opportunities for the local community, which would
help to boost income levels and promote livelihood diversification;
Initial development:
Encompasses the construction of a new LNG train ("LNG Train 3"), two offshore
platforms and subsea pipelines, drilling of 13 gas production wells, three
reinjection wells and four infill wells, the construction of supporting facilities,
including an additional LNG tank, an additional condensate tank, a Bulk
Offloading (BOF) jetty, and a combined LNG-condensate jetty.
Figure I-2
Conceptual Development Scenario (Initial Development and Future Development) (Without Scale)
The Tangguh LNG Expansion Project was encouraged by the increased discovery of
reserves in the Vorwata gas production field, indicated by its dynamic performance
and its recertification by local third-party consultants. The recertification of reserves
of the Vorwata field indicated the total proven reserve to amount of 16.9 Tcf, which
could potentially increase to up to 20.8 Tcf if the potential reserves of the Wiriagar
Deep, Roabiba, Ofaweri, and Ubadari fields are taken into consideration.
Further exploration or delineation/appraisal activities under the Tangguh
Exploration and Appraisal Program (TEAP), which conducted from 2012 to 2013,
are expected to assuage any uncertainties and/or provide proof for the existence of
additional resources in the Vorwata, Roabiba, and Ofaweri fields. Exploration or
appraisal activities at the Roabiba and Wiriagar Deep gas fields under the
preliminary stage of the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project shows the proven
reserves of 0.4 Tcf at Roabiba and 2.8 Tcf at Wiriagar Deep. The TEAP exploration
project that is currently underway has produced additional proven reserves in the
gas fields of Vorwata, Roabiba, and Ofaweri, which may increase the economic
value of LNG Train 3.
With the maximum capacity of each LNG Train at 3.8 mtpa and to meet the present
commitment made towards LNG buyers, LNG Trains 1 and 2 will need a total gas
reserve of 11.2 Tcf. Considering that Tangguh PSC has a proven reserve of 16.9 Tcf,
and the fact of potentially new LNG buyers lining up, the Tangguh PSC has a
surplus gas reserve large enough to supply a single LNG Train. With a production
capacity of 3.8 mtpa, LNG Train 3 requires a gas supply of 3.2 Tcf. So that should all
three LNG trains operate at full capacity, the gas reserve required will be 14.4 Tcf.
The gas reserve for the proposed development of LNG Train 4 may be sourced from
an existing reserve or from one yet to be discovered in the area.
This Environmental Impact Statement (EIS or ANDAL) document was prepared
according to the EIS Terms of Reference (ANDAL-ToR) agreed by the Central
AMDAL (EIA) Commission of Ministry of the Environment on July 24th, 2013 based
on Deputy Minister of the Environment Decree No. 30 Year 2013.
The EIS for the Integrated Activities of the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project was
conducted in parallel with the FEED process and the development of the Detail
Engineering Design. The final design of the gas exploitation facility, the gas
transmission facility, the LNG Train and its supporting facilities, and the marine
facilities will be further confirmed and fixed following completion of the FEED
process and the Detail Engineering Design.
1.2
Initial stage of harvesting and land clearing in area of approximately 125 Ha (the
remaining will be conducted further with total land clearing of maximum 500
Ha;
Camp construction for about 2.000 construction workers, including solid waste
management facilities (for construction) and wastewater management facility
(for camp); and
Provision of new fuel storage at BOF for construction activities that equipped
with appropriate facility of spillage preventive.
temporary and
The detail of each early work will be described further in the description of the
proposed LNG Plant activities.
As part of the AMDAL study for the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project, the Tangguh
LNG will assess the possibility of reviewing the policy of Diversified Growth
Strategy, including Closed/Open Camp Strategy. The assessment will consider the
condition of local community development in the Bintuni Bay area, aspiration of
the local government to create direct economic effects from the operations of
Tangguh LNG to support regional development, and the presence of other
industrial activities in the Bintuni Bay area.
Thorough assessment needs to be performed before the final decision-making for
the future Tangguh LNG. This assessment aims to ensure that the new strategy will
take into account potential impacts on the sensitive environment and address the
concerns and aspirations of the indigenous people and for the safe and assured
operations of Tangguh LNG and its supporting facilities.
Assessment, planning and implementation of this strategy will later need to involve
and receive support from relevant local government institutions and the local
communities.
Figure I-4 the Activities Schedule of the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project
1.2.1
Utilization of Corrosion Resistant Alloy (CRA) for the piping and equipments.
The expansion of the offshore production facility which will supply feedgas for
LNG Train 3 and development option of LNG Train 4 consist of up to eleven
offshore platforms and subsea pipeline for the full scope of the expansion. Two
offshore platforms (ROA and WDA) will be installed as part of initial development
and the additional for up to nine platforms (VRF, OFA, VRD, VRC, TTA, TTB, KKA,
UBA and VRE) will be installed as part of the future development plan Subsea
pipelines will be described in Section 1.2.2 Gas Transmission Activities.
Expandable hub platform concept will be used to allow multiphases liquid mixing
from different gas fields and future tie-in. Basically, this hub platform is also a
Normally Unattended Installation (NUI) similar with the existing platform with
several improvements incorporating lessons learned from existing operation to
reduce maintenance visit requirement.
During initial development, infill wells from existing platforms, VRA and VRB are
also planned to provide additional feedgas to the existing LNG Train 1 and 2. The
offshore development of the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project also includes
integrated subsea power and fibre optic cables which will be installed on ring-main
topology to supply electrical power, communication and control capability of
platform operation.
Existing and development plan of offshore facility as part of the Tangguh LNG
Expansion Project is summarized at Table I-2 below.
Table I-2
No.
Existing and Development Plan of Offshore Facility as part of the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project
Facility
Existing Facility
1.
Offshore
platform
(NUI)
2.
Production
wells and
DCRI wells
15 production wells :
ROA
Current drilling plan = 3 production wells + 1 DCRI well
Technically feasible to be drilled up to 9 wells as per total well slot
in platform design.
VRA
Drilled = 6 wells
Active = 6 wells
VRB
Drilled = 9 wells
Active = 8 wells (one well is
temporarily abandoned due to
technical problem)
WDA
Current drilling plan = 4 WDJ production wells + 4 WDP
production wells + 1 DCRI well + 1 DCRI well (optional) + 2 WDJ
production wells
Technically feasible to be drilled up to 16 wells as per total well
slot in platform design.
Infill wells (for further development of LNG Train 1 and 2)
Note :
DCRI well will be drilled on each platform, if DCRI option is deemed to be feasible. Drilling mud, drill cuttings and
associated drilling waste will be reinjected into this reinjection well.
3
Solid waste
and
hazardous
waste
management
Operation :
Solid waste generated from
offshore facility is very limited
(NUI) and only generated from
maintenance activity, hence
waste from platform will be
No.
Facility
Existing Facility
sent to Tangguh site for further
management.
10
No.
4
Facility
Waste water
management
Existing Facility
Operation :
Wastewater generated from
offshore facility is very limited
and managed accordingly
based on the wastewater type,
i.e.sewage will be collected in
holding tank and to be
discharged directly to sea,
meanwhile for oily
contaminated water will be
collected and sent to LNG
Tangguh site for further
management using CPI unit or
temporarily stored in
temporary hazardous waste
storage for shipment to
licensed hazardous waste
management facility.
11
VRB
VRA
Figure I-1
12
Gas production for the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project, both initial and future
development are produced from existing gas fields, which are Wiriagar Deep,
Roabiba, Vorwata, Ofaweri, Ubadari and other potential gas fields, such as Teteruga
and Kepe-Kepe.
Location of offshore development and initial plan of production well drilling for the
Tangguh LNG Expansion Project is shown in Figure I-5.
Offshore platform locations are selected based on the following criteria :
Risk and hazard evaluation of shallow rock layer above reservoir (shallow
hazard evaluation);
Initial configuration of the offshore developmemt will provide three gas supply
corridors:
Center VRA and VRB platform (existing operation), and VRE platforms with
pipelines to shore.
West ROA, WDA and third pipeline from OFA and VRC platforms to be
connected to ROA platform, including KKA and UBA platforms.
Final schedule and location of platform installation and well drilling will depend on
reservoir performance and may change from is the figure shown in Figure I-5.
13
Figure I-2
14
Table I-1
Note
Platform
Latitude
Longitude
ROA
2 21 S
133 5 E
WDA
2 19 S
132 57 E
VRC
2 18 S
133 8 E
VRD
2 17 S
133 17 E
VRF
2 21 S
133 16 E
OFA
2 25 S
133 0 E
UBA
2 35 S
132 39 E
TTA
2 21 S
133 18 E
TTB
2 23 S
133 20 E
VRE
2 19 S
133 11 E
KKA
2 31 S
132 57 E
: Platform design and location are still in finalization stage and may change according to design
and project progress.
A.
Pre-Construction Phase
A1.
B.
Construction Phase
B1.
Table I-2
Estimated Workforce
100 120
10 20
Shorebase : Warehouse
10 20
20 40
100 110
Shorebase : Others
15 20
15
Estimated Workforce
(Construction Phase)
for
Platform
Installation
Activity
Activity
Location
Berau/Bintuni Bay
Estimated Total
Workforce
150 300
Berau/Bintuni Bay
Berau/Bintuni Bay
20 30
20 40
Berau/Bintuni Bay
Berau/Bintuni Bay
20 30
60 80
16
and other heavy equipments) and support vessels. Additional vessels may be
required to transport mud generated from well drilling at final depth to the
licensed waste management facility, if reinjection and overboard discharge are
deemed not applicable.
Component required for offshore construction facility will be transported to
Bintuni Bay using barges and will stay on barges until it is utilized for
construction. Several equipment and material may be stored at the Tangguh
LNG site to be used for offshore facility construction activity.
Drilling vessel will be in Bintuni Bay for approximately 3-6 months per one
well drilling. Construction vessel will be mobilised from various origin ports
and will be operated in Bintuni Bay for approximately 3-6 months per one
platform installation.
Vessel traffic movement frequency will be higher during construction phase
compared to operation phase. Vessel movement to support the Tangguh LNG
project is required to pass on designated marine traffic corridor. Traffic and
vessel arrival will also be scheduled to ensure efficiency of offshore facility
construction and avoid excessive vessel traffic in Bintuni Bay area.
Vessel movement activity for mobilization/demobilization of equipment and
material during production well drilling and offshore platform installation is
summarized in below table.
Table I-4
Drilling
(up to 3-6 months/well)
LCT for first equipment mobilization to
drilling site
4 Support Vessel (2 AHTV and 2 PSV)
Crew Boats
Platform Installation
(up to 3-6 months/platform)
5 Material Barges and 5 Tug Boats
3 Support Vessels
1 Derrick barge for jacket and topside platform
installation
1 Survey Boat
3 Anchor Handling Tugs
1 Construction barge, including hook up barge.
Crew Boat
17
Figure I-3
18
B3.
Fabrication workshop (outside Tangguh LNG site) - the jacket and deck
will be fabricated and assembled at the fabrication yard outside Papua
Barat.
A derrick barge will be used to install the facilities, firstly setting the
platform jacket (support structure) and then drive the pile foundations.
The boat landings, decks, cantilevered vent booms, and helidecks will then
be set. Finally, all equipment and piping components will be hooked up
and made ready for commissioning. The derrick barge or the MODU may
install the well conductors. A support vessel for diving activity will be
available on the installation barge.
19
20
Figure I-4
21
Pigging facility : Launcher and receiver facility for pigging will be installed
to facilitate activity of testing, cleaning and survey implementation of the
pipeline network.
The integrated subsea power cables and fibre optic cables from LNG Train
will be installed and buried in a ring-main topology. This integrated cable will
be installed at pipeline corridor and buried in trench for protection with
horizontal directional drilling at shore crossing.
Anchor/mooring buoys will be installed surrounding each platform location.
Installation of the buoys were meant to mark the safety exclusion zone. Wells
monitoring and measurement device will also be installed on platform.
B4.
22
1) 30 Conductor
Driven to 50 ft BML
MSL = 0 ft
30"
Conductor
24" Hole
18-5/8" Casing
2) Drilling of 24 hole
3) 18-5/8 casing
To cover weak and
unconsolidated shallow
formation
-900 ft
4) Drilling of 17 hole
"STEENKOOL"
Mostly shales with some
sandstone & coal beds,
minor limestone streaks
5) 13-3/8 casing
17-1/2" Hole
13-3/8" Casing
-2,900ft
channel
"KAIS"
Limestone
9) 7 liner
Cover losses zone and minimize
exposure to Paleocene
-3,600 ft
12-1/4" Hole
9-7/8" Casing
"FAUMAI"
Limestone at top
and base.
Interbedded limestones
and dolomites in the
middle, highly karstified
-6,200 ft
8-1/2" Hole
7" Liner
"PALEOCENECRETACEOUS"
Mostly shales with
common limestone and
sandstone beds
-8,400 ft
"AYOT
LIMESTONE"
-8,500 ft
-8,540 ft
"UPPER ROABIBA"
Sandstone
-8,790 ft
"MIDDLE ROABIBA"
Shale
"PERMIAN"
Interbedded sandstones,
shales, coals.
TD = -9,290 ft
NOT TO SCALE
Figure I-5
23
Drilling Fluids
The base case plan is for all drilling depth sections (except for the reservoir
section) of each production well to useWater Based Mud (WBM) while the last
section (reservoir section) is planned to use Synthetic Based Mud (SBM) or Oil
Based Mud (OBM). However, the option to use SBM or OBM in the 17.5
interval (in addition to the reservoir section) is currently being evaluated and
will depend on hole conditions.
For delineation/appraisal and exploration well, non-toxic WBM may be used
for entire well sections. However, SBM and OBM is an option for reservoir
section and 17.5interval, if required.
The utilization of OBM is being evaluated by considering the technical and
economical aspect. However, when OBM is used, the drilling mud and drill
cuttings shall not be discharged overboard but shall be reinjected to the
subsurface formation through DCRI well. If due to any technical reason,
reinjection is not feasible, the drilling mud and drill cuttings generated from
drilling with OBM will be sent to licensed waste treatment facility.
Seawater and fresh drill water are the base fluid from the major component of
the drilling mud. Other, as yet to be determined, mud additives may be used
among others as viscosities, water loss control agents, oxygen and H2S
scavengers, surfactants, and lost circulation material.
Summary of initial drilling fluid usage and its objective for exploitation
drilling plan for the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project is summarized in table
below :
Table I-5
Diameter :
24 Hole
Section
Drill 24 hole from top of Lower Steenkool layer and run 18 5/8 casing to bottom
section
Use seawater or pre-hydrated gel + sweep
Avoid/minimize well bore stability problems
Achieve good quality hole cleaning
Achieve optimum ROP.
17 Hole
Section
24
Diameter :
penetration) and could result longer drilling period; b) several trips may require
to change or unball balled up bit and stabilizers; c) balled up BHA (Bottom Hole
Assembly) and bad bit could become a challenge in performing directional
trajectory steering to reach the intended target.
12 Hole
Section
8 Hole
Section
6 Hole
Section
Drill through Kais and Faumai layer, and total depth at Top Paleocene, run 103/4 x 9-7/8 to bottom section
Use of inhibitive mud and sweep which will be changed to seawater in case of
losses
Achieve good quality hole cleaning
Avoid stuck pipe due to differential sticking and losses circulation
Execute Annular Pressure Management operation
Avoid well control incident
Achieve optimum ROP
More economical interval drilling fluid
Mitigate drill string corrosion
Use of SBM/OBM may be required due to a) use of SBM/OBM will fix lubrication
and reduce friction factor to help reach further well target; b) to stabilize
Paleocene shale, SBM/OBM will give benefit in stabilizing the hole.
The use and composition of drilling fluids may change to adapt with drilling
layer condition.
Detail casing design, drilling fluids and cementing is shown in Figure I-9
Summary of Well Design (Casing).
Gas reservoirs of the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project have been extensively
evaluated through 2-Dimensional and 3-Dimensional seismic program,
exploration and appraisal drilling, logging measurements (well logs),
extensive coring characteristic measurement program and well testing
activities. These data will be incorporated into the overall development well
design. Key well design components include casing design, logging program,
drilling mud program, cementing program and MODU criteria. The well
design have calculated potential flow condition of reservoir fluids into the
well and its mitigation measures, hence the risk of blowout can be minimized.
ANDAL FOR INTEGRATED ACTIVITIES OF THE TANGGUH LNG EXPANSION PROJECT
25
Primary well control which being drilled, will use drilling mud, so that the
hydrostatic pressure from the surrounding well hole will not be higher than
the hydrostatic pressure from the drilling mud itself. Secondary well control
will be provided by installing a shallow gas diverter prior to commencing
drilling of the surface section and a Blow Out Preventer (BOP) prior to drilling
is iniated in the deeper sections. The installation of these devices enable
secondary well control to allow the regulated discharge of any fluids and
adjustment of the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the drilling muds.
If the well take a kick, then well control method will be activated. Well will be
shut-in and continue with circulating out the kick using kill mud and the well
will be monitored afterwards. If all parameters return back to normal, then
drilling operation will be continued.
Worst case, if the kick cannot be uncontrolled or blowout happened,
emergency response is required to evacuate personnel out of the rig and the
operation will be continued with different rig/MODU to kill the well by
drilling relief wells.
Relief well design and all required equipment to drill relief well will be
provided prior to drilling development program commenced.
26
Lithology
Casing Schematic
Casing Design
Drilling Fluids
Cementing
24" Hole
18-5/8" Csg
General
Stenkool
TBD
Connection - TBD
TBD)
Strict fluid loss control to avoid
differential sticking in Kais.
Heavier mud might be required to
17-1/2" Hole
13-3/8" Csg
Slurry
Cretaceous.
sweeps.
Connection - TBD
- 9-7/8" Casing : 62.8 lb/ft, T-95,
Connection - TBD
Liner Hgr
12-1/4" Hole
10-3/4" x 9-7/8"
Casing
- TBD
7" Liner
Figure I-6
8-1/2" Hole
27
Slurry
Single slurry 15.8 ppg, TOC at Top of
Liner.
B5.
Drilling mud (WBM, SBM and OBM) from final depth and/or cannot
be reused;
28
29
the preferred interval for reinjection of drilling mud and drill cuttings and,
the study is being perfomed to elaborate the possibility of this option.
The technical studies are being conducted to investigate the following
technical issues :
30
31
Mud Type
DCRI*)
- Dedicated Well
- Annulus of production well
Overboard Discharge*)
Mud
Cutting
Mud
Note :
*) : required permit
If both options cannot be done, drilling mud and drill cuttings will be treated in accordance with applicable regulation.
Figure I-7
32
Cutting
B6.
B7.
Hazardous Waste
Hazardous waste generated will be sent to licensed waste management
facility. Hazardous waste will be managed in accordance with applicable
Indonesian regulation; Government Regulation No. 18 jo 85 Year 1999
regarding Hazardous Waste Management.
33
Type of Waste
Estimated Quantity
60 tonnes/ month
Scrap metal
15 tonnes/ month
Wood
20 tonnes/ month
60 tonnes/ month
Wastewater Management
Wastewater generated during drilling and platform installation activities
include deck drainage, sewage, cooling water and brine water. All wastewater
generated during drilling and platform installation will be managed (at the
minimum) in accordance with applicable Indonesian regulation and MARPOL
2012.
Detail of main wastewater source and its management during drilling and
platform installation are described as follow :
Sewage Drilling rigs and support vessels that are manned, resulting in
the generation of sewage to be treated in a a sewage treatment plant prior
34
Activity
Desalination
Reject)
(Brine
Water
140 m3/day
120 m3/day
130 m3/day
20 m3/day
Cooling System
Deck Drainage
Discharge Option
1,200 m3/day
180
m3/day
B9.
35
C.
Operation Phase
C1.
Workforce Mobilization
During operation phase, the platform will be operated in NUI concept, which
means there is no personnel works on platform, except during inspection or
maintenance. Total workforce required for platform inspection and
maintenance activity are included in total workforce required for LNG Plant
operations.
Detail of recruitment process, mobilization and demobilization of workforce
during operation phase are described in Sub Chapter 1.2.3 LNG Plant Activity
Section C1. Workforce Mobilization.
C2.
36
The full wellhead pressure shut-in design does not require flaring of
hydrocarbon vapors in the event of a process upset (equipment malfunction,
blowdown, depressuring-blowdown, etc.). However, process piping vents
will be installed for maintenance activity. On the contrary, minimum facilities
which are not designed for full wellhead shut in pressure, require ventilation
system to release hydrocarbon vapor. Future compression facility on platform,
when installed, will also use ventilation system.
During the operation phase of the Tangguh LNG, compressor booster will be
required to be installed to compress the gas and compensate reservoir
pressure decline. The compressor will be driven by gas turbine. At this stage,
the location of the compressor will be subject to further technical assessment.
The option of compressor locations will be at onshore area close to the ORF or
at offshore on platform.
There will normally be operational personnel only at the onshore facility.
However, a fast crew boat will be utilized to provide emergency response in
the event of offshore platform shut-in.
C3.
37
C4.
C5.
38
Closed drain system will be provided on the platform which include closed
drain drum to separate liquids from vented gas. Liquid in the closed drain
drum will be removed from the platforms via a tote tank as required.
No toilet will be provided on the new platforms. Vessel Toilet (OSV), clean
water and sanitation facilities shall be available in the OSV during visits to
platform.
C7.
D.
D1.
Workforce Demobilization
At the completion of operation phase, there will be demobilization of
operation workforce. Detail process will be determined later and will be
conducted in accordance with applicable regulation.
D2.
39
1.2.2
a.
b.
c.
40
Offshore pipelines
Onshore pipelines
41
Figure I-8
42
Existing Gas Transmission Facility and Development Scenario of Tangguh Expansion Project
No.
Facility
Subsea Pipelines
Initial Development
(LNG Train 3)
Future Development
(upto LNG Train 4)
2 subsea pipelines:
2 subsea pipelines:
Up to 9 subsea pipelines.
VRA to ORF
Diameter = 24
Length = 20.5 km
VRB to ORF
Diameter = 24
Length = 19 km
ROA ke ORF
Diameter = 24
Length = + 12 km
43
No.
Facility
Initial Development
(LNG Train 3)
Future Development
(upto LNG Train 4)
- VRF ORF
- TTA ORF
- TTB ORF
- KKA - ORF
Finalization of parallel pipeline will be done according to
engineering study result that currently ongoing.
During Tangguh LNG operation phase, compressor booster will
be required to be installed to compress the gas and compensate
reservoir pressure decline. The compressor will be driven by
gas turbine. At this stage, the location of the compressor will be
subject to further technical assessment. The option of
compressor location includes at onshore area close to the ORF or
at offshore on platform.
The ORF will be expanded to accommodate additional future
pipelines (expandable ORF). The system design life for structure
and pipeline is 40 years.
Solid waste
management
facility
Operation :
No solid waste generated from
pipeline operation.
Pipeline Installation:
Hazardous Waste
Hazardous waste, such as used oil and chemical, will be sent to licensed waste management facility.
Hazardous waste will be managed according to applicable Indonesian regulation, which is
Government Regulation No. 18 jo 85 Year 1999 regarding Hazardous Waste Management.
Non Hazardous Waste
Food waste will be macerated prior to overboard discharge according to MARPOL 2012 Annex V
Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships.
Non organic waste will not be discharged oberboard, but will be treated onshore or sent to waste
management facility and will follow applicable Indonesian regulation, among others Law No. 18
Year 2008 regarding Waste Management.
44
No.
Facility
Initial Development
(LNG Train 3)
Future Development
(upto LNG Train 4)
Non hazardous waste will be managed (at minimum) according to applicable Indonesian
regulation, which is Law No. 18 Year 2008 regarding Waste Management and MARPOL 2012 Annex
V regarding Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships (for offshore discharge of food waste).
HDD waste and onshore pipeline
HDD waste will be disposed to construction landfill in Tangguh LNG area. Meanwhile, waste from
onshore pipeline installation will be managed along with waste from LNG construction activity.
Operation :
No waste generated from gas transmission operation.
3
Wastewater
management
facility
Operation :
No wastewater generated from
gas transmission operation.
Pipeline installation :
Drainage
Non hydrocarbon contaminated deck drainage will be collected and discharged directly to sea.
Hydrocarbon contaminated run off will be collected into skimmer/tote tank to be sent to licensed
wste management facility.
Sewage
Treated in biological treatment facility and chlorinated prior to overboard discharge according to
MARPOL and applicable Indonesian regulation, which is Regulation of Minister of Environment
No. 19 Year 2010 regarding Wastewater Quality Standard for Oil and Gas and Geothermal
Industry/Activity; and MARPOL 2012 requirement Annex IV Prevention of Pollution by Sewage
from Ships.
All wastewater during pipeline installation will be managed according to applicable Indonesian
regulation, which is Regulation of Minister of Environment No. 19 Year 2010 regarding Wastewater
Quality Standard for Oil and Gas and Geothermal Industry/Activity; and MARPOL 2012
requirement Annex IV Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships.
Operasi :
No wastewater generated during operation stage of gas transmission.
45
A.
Pre-Construction Phase
A1.
B.
Construction Phase
B1.
Table I-9
Location
Workforce
Bintuni/Berau Bay
20 30
Pipelay vessel
Bintuni/Berau Bay
200 300
Bintuni/Berau Bay
150 200
Trenching vessel
Bintuni/Berau Bay
25 35
Bintuni/Berau Bay
30 50
Bintuni/Berau Bay
30 50
Survey vessel
Bintuni/Berau Bay
20 40
Bintuni/Berau Bay
30 60
Support vessel
commissioning)
(diving
support
vessel,
LCT,
Pre
46
The fabrication yards will be at locations that will most likely be in or around
industrial zones or ports.
Most pipelines will be transferred to pipelay barge or to combined
construction lay barge in the bay. Pipe joints with designated length will be
required for onshore pipeline.
The offshore pipelines will be installed from the lay barge, using the S-lay
method. The gas transmission pipelines will be laid on the seabed, either
directly on the natural seabed floor or in areas that may already have been
trenched. The requirement for trenching and rock dumping will be defined
based on the engineering assessment.
Vessel traffic may occur in Bintuni Bay during the commencemet of pipeline
installation activity . Estimated construction period for pipeline installation is
approx. 10-12 months per pipeline with estimated length of 30 km (pipe lay
4 months, trenching 2 months and rock dumping 6 months).
During construction, initial estimation of vessel type required are as follow :
Type and number of vessel which will be used during construction will
depend on construction method and actual field condition .
47
Figure I-9
Example of Construction Vessels (left : Side Dump Vessel, right : Pipelay Barge)
48
Pipelay Barge
B3.
49
Note
Figure I-10
: *) Project land clearing map plan which at this stage is in completioin design stage and may change subject to design and project development
50
Figure I-11
51
B4.
52
Potential safety exclusion zone for new platforms and pipeline is shown in
Figure I-15.
In the case of pipeline burial is required for technical purpose, the offshore
pipeline will be buried using trenching and rock dumping or other method
that meet the design criteria.
53
54
Figure I-12
55
B5.
56
Figure I-13
Near Shore Pipeline Installation Method (Shore Approach): Shore Pull Trenching (left) and HDD (right)
57
Figure I-17 shows the approximate location for the onshore drilling rig and
associated storage areas used for the installation of the existing pipeline. For initial
development, the HDD entry points were located on the beach with consideration
on lesson learnt from Tangguh LNG previous construction.
Figure I-18 shows the conceptual layout of the HDD site. As mentioned above,
worksite will be approximately 10,000 m2 (100 m x 100 m). Storage tanks will be
used to separate the bentonite drilling mud from drill cuttings. Drill cuttings will
settle to the bottom of the tank and will be removed.
58
Figure I-14
59
60
Figure I-16
61
62
B7.
Pre-commissioning/Commissioning Activity
Pre-commissioning/commissioning activity sequence are as follow:
a. Flooding, Cleaning and Gauging
-
To remove all free air which may accumulated at the various high
points along the pipelines.
Water is pumped into the pipeline to fill the pipe with water. Requires the
use of pigs to eliminate air along the pipelines. Two bi-directional pigs
fitted with multiple sealing discs shall be used for this process.
The flooding operation will be followed by cleaning and gauging which
will be performed with gauging pig operations. The discharged water
from this process will be at sea bed as the pig trap (lay down head)
location is on sea bed. During pipeline flooding, cleaning and gauging,
some water oxygen scavenger and biocide content will be disposed
offshore on seabed. If required, this activity will be repeated several times
to ensure pipeline cleanliness from debris.
Gauging is a process of passing a gauging aluminium plate aluminium
disc with a minimum diameter 95% of pipe, to confirm there are no
deformation, unintended intrusions (dents, gouges, etc.) and the ovality of
the pipeline within acceptable limits).
63
Figure I-17
64
b. Baseline Inspection
This activity is conducted after hydrotest to collect initial data of pipeline,
including and to detect size and locate any features which could have a
negative effect on the integrity of the given line.
This activity requires bi-directional pig and intelligent pig train. This
series will be pushed through the pipe using pumped water. The water
will be neutralized and chemical will be used as corrosion inhibitor. The
water will be discharged to sea during pumping process. If required, this
activity can be repeated several times to obtain the required parameter.
c. Hydrotest
Hydrotest will be conducted to ensure the integrity of the pipeline prior to
commissioning.
After pipeline flooded with water, the pipeline strength will be tested
using pressurized water. Water will be pumped to 1.25 of design pressure
and hold for 24 hours to test the strength of the pipeline from the inside
pressure. Once hydrotest completed, it will be depressurized until
reaching positive pressure to avoid free air ingress.
Detail explanation related to hydrotest dewatering is described in Sub
Chapter B8 Hydrotest Water Discharge (Dewatering).
d. Depressurize
After hydrotest, water in pipeline will be depressurized, but still maintain
the condition to avoid free air and seawater ingress into the pipeline.
There will be treated freshwater discharge from this process.
e. Dewatering (commissioning activity)
Dewatering is done to remove ex-hydrotest water from the pipeline. The
main scenario is to use hydrocarbon gas or nitrogen as propelling
medium, will be done during start-up.
Detail explanation related to hydrotest dewatering is described in Sub
Chapter B8 Hydrotest Water Discharge (Dewatering).
65
Figure I-18
66
Figure I-19
67
Hydrocarbon
Gas
B8.
68
OFFSHORE SCOPE
ONSHORE SCOPE
Sea Level
Subsea Pipeline
Figure I-20
69
Shore Crossing
Onshore Pipeline
70
Figure I-21
71
Offshore discharge
-
The onshore disposal option would involve storage and/or treated the
water in a temporary water pit/storage to be located onshore to meet
the applicable discharge requirement (stabilization time) prior to
discharge to common outfall (-6 m LAT). Water storage will be
designed with adequate capacity to contain water from hydrotest and
dewatering process. During Tangguh phase 1 construction experience,
hydrotest water pit has the capacity of approx. 15,000 22,500 m3,
while estimated volume of the new pit that will be constructed will be
confirmed after FEED.
The material used for pipelines is Corrossion Resistance Alloy (CRA), hence
the water that will be used for pre-commissioning and hydrotest purpose
have to comply with several specification to maintain the pipeline integrity.
Therefore, laboratory analysis is required to control the quality of water that
will be used. Currently, the plan is to use imported water from outside
Tangguh LNG area, such as Sorong and Fakfak, or to use groundwater, as
long as it meets the water specification requirement. However, final decision
on hydrotest water source is subject to further study and will be aligned with
project progress.
If possible, the water which used for hydrotest of one pipeline, will be stored
and later on will be used for hydrotest of other pipelines or be used for other
suitable needs, depending on the water quality.
72
B9.
Hazardous Waste
Generated hazardous waste will be sent to certified waste management
facility. Hazardous waste will be managed according to applicable
Indonesian regulation, which is Government Regulation No. 18 jo 85 Year
1999 regarding Hazardous Waste Management.
73
Sewage support vessels that are used for this activity will generate
sewage that would be treated in a treatment unit prior to discharge to the
sea. The discharge will meet Indonesian regulations, Regulations of
Minister of the Environment No. 19 Year 2010 regarding Wastewater
Quality Standard for Oil and Gas and Geothermal Industry, also
MARPOL 2012 requirement Annex IV Prevention of Pollution by Sewage
from Ships.
74
C.
Operation Phase
After construction and pre-commissioning of the gas transmission pipeline,
the pipeline system will be ready for commissioning and transfer of gas to
LNG plant. Initially, one pipeline will be operated at very low flow rates to
fulfil the requirements of the LNG plant commissioning phase. Once the LNG
plant is fully operational, gas will be transmitted through the pipelines to
maintain LNG production.
The gas stream from well will be transmitted through pipeline to ORF in a
three-phase mixture of gas, condensate and formation water. During low flow
rates along the pipeline routes, the produced water plus the condensate in the
pipelines may collect at low points. Normally, these liquids would be swept to
the ORF under the pressure of the gas. During period of low flow, these
liquids may require removal of operational pigging. This type of pigging
would involve introducing spheres into the pipelines that are then forced
along by gas pressure sweeping the majority of accumulated liquids. All
produced liquids will be collected and separated at the ORF.
C1.
Workforce Mobilization
During operation phase, no specific personnel required for gas transmission
activity, except for inspection and maintenance. Total workforce required for
inspection and maintenance already included in total workforce required for
operate LNG train and covered in LNG Activity Section.
Detail of recruitment process, mobilization and demobilization of workforce
during operation phase are described in Sub Chapter 1.2.3 LNG Plant Activity
Section C1. Workforce Mobilization.
C2.
75
Pipeline Maintenance
A risk-based program of internal and external inspections will be
implemented during operations of the pipelines. The behaviour, responses,
burial requirements and routing of the pipelines and the behaviour of the
seabed will be investigated during detailed design of the pipeline system and
enhanced further during operation. During detailed design phase, a riskbased inspection program will be developed. Typically, this include the
following :
Route survey leak inspection along the pipeline routes by patrol boats;
The inspection program may result in some form of local remediation along
the pipeline routes. This may include, but not limited to, installation of
pipeline supports, rock dumping at localized areas, repair of concrete
coatings, retrofitting anodes, and removal of sediment build ups.
ANDAL FOR INTEGRATED ACTIVITIES OF THE TANGGUH LNG EXPANSION PROJECT
76
Inspection activity will be done once in the first five years and is expected to
be less afterward, depending on the pipeline condition and risk assessment.
Inspection activity will be commenced using intelligent pig as internal riser,
tie-in spool and rock cover using ROV for external. In addition, for accessible
location, such as onshore pipeline, inspection will be done as per MIGAS
Certification program as stipulated in relevant regulation.
C4.
C5.
Wastewater Management
No wastewater generated from gas transmission activity during operation
phase, limited volume of wastewater will be generated only during
maintenance activity.
D.
Post Operation
Post operation phase will include but not limited to facility decommissioning
and workforce release.
D1.
Workforce Demobilization
There will be workforce release at the end of operation phase. Detail process
of workforce release will be determined later and will be done according to
applicable regulation
D2.
1.2.3
77
The expansion GPF and LNG plant will be designed to handle ranges of feed gas
compositions e.g. lean & rich condensate, CO2 composition between 10 to 15%, to
allow adequate flexibility and design margin in the plants design. Design feed gas
flow into ORF is 808 tonnes/hour per train.
The LNG plant can be considered to be composed of two general sections, which
are:
Purification of the natural gas is required to avoid corrosion and freezing problems
in the Liquefaction Unit. Each of trains includes an Acid Gas Removal Unit (AGRU),
a Dehydration Unit and a Mercury Removal Unit (MRU).
The main objectives of the Liquefaction Facilities are to remove the heavier
hydrocarbon components (C5+) of the produced gas and to liquefy the natural gas
yielding the LNG product. Removal of the heavier hydrocarbon (C5+) components is
required to avoid freezing problems during the actual liquefaction step. Each
liquefaction trains will include a Refrigerant andLiquefaction Unit, a Fractionation
Unit and a Stabilization Unit.
In term of the LNG facilities, the Tangguh Expansion scope include the
development of Train 3 and its supporting facilities with future development to
include further gas supply for Train 3 and development of Train 4. The Tangguh
Expansion scope also includes upgrade and expansion to utility facilities such as
water supply, wastewater treatment, power supply, offices, accommodation
facilities,etc.
Feed gas composition which enter the ORF is shown in these below tables
Table I-10
Gas Composition
Average (%)
Gas Composition
Average (%)
CO2
13.2984%
Xylenes*
0.0216%
N2
0.7523%
C9*
0.0100%
C1
83.4094%
C10*
0.0154%
C2
1.6207%
C11*
0.0097%
C3
0.3579%
C12*
0.0081%
iC4
0.0671%
C13*
0.0077%
nC4
0.0873%
C14*
0.0057%
iC5
0.0411%
C15*
0.0082%
nC5
0.0314%
C16*
0.0070%
C6*
0.0335%
C17*
0.0061%
Benzene*
0.0244%
C18*
0.0055%
C7*
0.0373%
C19*
0.0051%
Toluene*
0.0319%
C20+ WD*
0.0665%
78
C8*
Table I-11
C20+ V*
0.0304%
0.0000%
Composition
H2S
10 ppm
R1SH (Mercaptan)
25 ppm
R2SH
15 ppm
R3SH
7 ppm
COS
3 ppm
CS2
10 ppm
Mercury
100 g/Nm3
Note :
*) : Detail regarding gas composition is currently being assessed and may be changed according to the
assessment result and project progress. The data will be updated using the assessment result.
Overal LNG Process Block Flow Diagram is shown in Figure I-25 and Gas
Production Profile for Two Trains and Development of Three Trains is shown in
Figure I-26. Gas production profile for four train is currently being assessed.Figure
I-26.
LNG process block flow and emission/waste generated from the process is shown
in Figure I-27.
79
Figure I-22
80
Figure I-23
Gas Production Profile from Two LNG Trains and Development of LNG Train 3
81
82
83
84
Table I-12
Month
Dec-13
Jan-14
Feb-14
(g/Nm3)
Inlet
Output (max. 0,01 g/Nm3)
Inlet (g/Nm3)
Output (max. 0,01 g/Nm3)
Inlet (g/Nm3)
Output (max. 0,01 g/Nm3)
W1
3.91
0.001
5.82
0.001
2.50
0.002
LNG Train 1
W2
W3
3.53
2.69
0.001 0.002
4.20
2.09
0.001 0.002
5.43
2.81
0.002 0.003
W4
N/A
N/A
2.54
0.002
4.24
0.004
W1
N/A
N/A
2.25
0.001
2.17
0.001
LNG Train 2
W2
W3
0.71
1.78
0.0021 0.0015
2.54
1.41
0,001
0.002
2.41
1.39
0.003
0.002
Note :
N/A : Plant shutdown.
Mercury catalyst will be used to its saturation point then will be replaced with a
new one. The saturated mercury catalyst will be handled as hazardous waste and
will be sent to certified waste management facility.
Liquefaction/Fractination Unit
The Liquefaction unit will remove heavy hydrocarbons and chill the natural gas to a
temperature suitable for storage at virtually atmospheric pressure.
The dry, sweet natural gas will first be chilled against propane refrigerant, and then
fed to the reboiled scrub column where C5+ components are removed. In order to
assist the C5+ removal, the warm bundle of the Main Cryogenic Heat Exchanger
MCHE is utilized as a reflux condenser.
The scrub column reflux drum overheads are then routed to the MCHE and
liquefied using a mixed refrigerant (MR) composed of nitrogen, methane, ethane
and propane. The bottoms from the scrub column are processed in the deethanizer,
depropanizer and debutanizer columns and a portion of the ethane and propane is
recovered for use as refrigerant in the process.
The remaining overheads from the three columns are chilled in a dedicated tube
circuit in the MCHE and re-injected into the LNG product stream which is routed to
storage. Condensate from the debutanizer will be rundown to the condensate
storage tanks. Main Cryogenic Heat Exchanger (MCHE) is used as condenser reflux.
Refrigeration Unit
The Refrigeration Unit provides the refrigeration to cool and liquefy the feed gas in
the Liquefaction and Fractionation Unit.
There are two main refrigeration compressor systems (refrigeration with
compression system) which are driven by two GE Frame 7 gas turbines, each with a
starter/helper backpressure steam turbine. Two main refrigerant system consist of
proporane and mixed refrigerant compression system. The mixed refrigerant
compression system includes MR low pressure, medium pressure and high
pressure.
85
W4
2.10
0.0008
2.33
0.004
0.54
0.005
86
Simultaneous loading of two LNG ships will be possible from the existing and new
loading berths, LNG berth 1 and 2.
All vapors generated by displacement, heat input to the loading and storage system
and cool down of the ship will be routed back via a vapour return line. The vapours
will be compressed in the existing and new BOG compressors and routed to the fuel
gas system via the LNG Train Dehydration units.
Condensate Storage and Loading
Stabilized condensate produced in the Condensate Stabilization Unit and the
Fractionation Units will be routed to the Condensate Storage Tanks. The
fractionation condensate will be blended with that from the condensate stabilization
unit in order to meet the product specification.
There are one existing condensate tanks, a working volume of 19,000 m3, with
another one to be constructed in 2013 as part of the existing Tangguh LNG
operations. Additional Condensate Storage tanks, will be provided as part of the
Tangguh Expansion Project scope.
One condensate loading berth will be required. This berth will be shared with the
new LNG loading berth on the new jetty which will be built as part of Tangguh
Expansion Project.
Refrigerant Storage and Loading
Ethane and propane will be stored in pressurized refrigerant storage bullets which
will be used as refrigerant media in the MCHE unit. Ethane and propane will be
produced from the Fractionation Unit. The existing storage and unloading unit will
be expanded to cater for additional demand from Tangguh Expansion, with
interconnecting lines to existing system. The refrigerants are rundown/filling from
the Fractionation Unit of the LNG trains
87
Year
2013
5.15
2012
4.66
2011
4.51
2010
4.56
2009
2.50
Based on above data, it is estimated that CO2 emission which will be generated from
LNG train 3 (one train) operation are as follow :
It is predicted that LNG Train 4 operation will emitted similar CO2 emission with
LNG Train 3 operation, which is 3.1 million tonnes per year.
Table I-16 below is summary of existing and additional expansion plan of LNG
plant and its supporting facilities as part of Tangguh Expansion Project, both initial
and future development.
88
Table I-14
No.
Existing LNG Plant and its Supporting Facilities and Development Scenario of Tangguh Expansion Project
Facility
Existing Tangguh
Initial Development
(Train 3)
LNG Plant
LNG Tank
2 x 170,000 m3
1 x 170,000 m3
1 x 170,000 m3
Condensate Tank
2 x 19,000 m3
(1 operational & 1 will be
constructed in 2013)
1 x 31,800 m3
Condensate Production
6,000 bbls/day
10,000 bbls/day
(maximum expected condensate
production)
89
10,000 bbls/day
(maximum expected condensate
production)
No.
Facility
Initial Development
(Train 3)
Existing Tangguh
Supporting facilities :
5
Freshwater Supply
Freshwater demand =
70 m3/hour
Desalination
Capacity = 3 x 28 m3/hour
Production = 43 m3/hour
Reverse Osmosis
Capacity = 86 m3/hour
Production = 27 m3/hour
Freshwater demand
Construction = 512 m3/hour
Operation = 79 m3/hour
(LNG Train 3-4)
Desalination
Design capacity = 3 x 28 m3/hour
Groundwater
Design capacity = 172 m3/hour
2 x 25 m3/hour
1 x 25 m3/hour
1 x 25 m3/hour
140 m3/day
Neutralization Pit
5 m3
5 m3
m3/hour
m3/hour
10
Note
100
100
: These facilities are designed based on the current available technology. Should better technology becomes available in the future, the design may change to adopt
the new technology as long as it still complies with applicable regulations.
90
A.
Pre-Construction Phase
A1.
B.
Construction Phase
B1.
B2.
91
List of main construction equipment that will be used for construction of LNG
Trains and its supporting facilities is shown in Table I-17 below.
Equipment, its number during peak of construction, total on-site period and
source of construction equipment depends on implementation of construction
strategy, schedule and availability of the equipment from the main
construction contractor. Most of the equipment will be mobilized to site using
barge and will enter the site through BOF and combo dock.
Table I-15
Equipment
Civil Work
Bulldozer, under 20 ton
18
12
Backhoe
21
Excavator
21
Wheel loader
18
Motor grader
15
Dump truck
43
14
24
Concrete pump
Mixer truck
20
17
19
Mechanical Work
12
Crane, 30 to 50 ton
18
70
11
63
Boom truck
47
Fork lift
25
Welding generators
274
Power generators
50
92
Equipment
SPMT (Self Propelled Modular Transporter) Peak
Number of axle lines
200 Axles
Pipe Rollers
Air Compressor
20
B3.
Land Clearing
In Integrated AMDAL of Tangguh LNG which approved on 2002, Tangguh
LNG is allowed to clear area of 800 Ha. Around 400 Ha of 800 Ha have been
cleared for existing Tangguh LNG facility, which include two LNG trains and
its supporting facilities, while the remaining 400 Ha were not being cleared.
As part of Tangguh Expansion Project plan, an additional area of maximum
500 Ha will be cleared. This additional area is required for the development of
the new LNG train, LNG and condensate tanks, marine facilities, flare, new
accommodation, maintenance facility, etc.
Project planned to expand the existing log pond area to temporarily store logs
(timber) from Tangguh Expansion clearing. Additional area (approx. 20 m
width) at the eastern side of the log pond will be cleared to install the cables to
the PLN sub-station.
Total area that will be cleared for Tangguh Expansion Project is already
include clearing of mangrove area approximately 10 Ha for marine facilities
(( 5 Ha for LNG-Condensate Jetty 2) and near shore pipeline installation ( 3
to 5 Ha for overall shorepull method).
Location of land clearing area of Tangguh Expansion Project is shown in
Figure I-28.
93
Note
: Land clearing area map is currently being finalized and may be changed as per project design progresses.
Landfill Option B is currently being considered and requires further assessment should this option is preferred.
Figure I-25
94
B4.
Site Preparation
After tree cutting activity completed, a series of earthwork, such as cut and
fill, grading and compaction will be conducted for site preparation.
Based on current design plan, estimated volume for earthwork (cut and fill)
activities are as follow :
Future LNG Tank, BOG, Flare, LNG Jetty Access and Condensate Tank
areas North West of Train 3 = 2,200,000 m3 (of earthwork);
95
Note : *) Master plot plan proyek is currently in finalization stage and may be changed according to project and design progresses. This drawing will be updated to reflect the final design result.
Figure I-26
96
B5.
Quarry
After further consideration, to minimize the environmental impact and the
project footprint, the option to have dedicated quarry locations within the
buffer zone area outside the areas of forest being cleared for construction
access and project physical footprint has been cancelled. Quarry material
required will be mostly imported from outside Tangguh LNG site area.
The suitable granular materials discovered within the TEP tree clearing and
cut and fill area will be used for construction, this will reduce the area to be
cleared, project physical footprint and at the same time reduce the volume of
materials to be disposed from the cut and fill activities.
B6.
LNG Train;
LNG Tank;
Condensate Tank;
Flare;
Power generation;
Layout of facilities that will be built as part of the Tangguh Expansion Project
is shown in Figure I-29 Overall Master Plot Plan of the Tangguh Expansion
Project.
Conceptual strategy of overall construction plan is currently being developed.
A detail construction strategy for Tangguh Expansion development will be
developed as well.
Some of the main facility components to fabricated outside Tangguh area and
shipped to site using barge. These components will be assembled, installed
and commissioned on site. This fabrication activity (if any) is excluded from
this AMDAL study scope. Project proponent will ensure the selected
fabrication facilities already obtained the required environmental permit and
approval as per applicable regulation.
Hydrotest for LNG tank, condensate tank and utilities will be done during
commissioning stage with estimated volume as follow :
97
Table I-16
Volume (m3)
Tanks :
LNG tank
105,000
Condensate tank
31,000
Desalination tank
16,000
10,500
1,500
Demineralized tank
800
Diesel tank
2,000
50
900
Chemical cleaning :
Soda Boiling Boiler
700
5,700
Degreasing :
a. Step-1 water recirculating
b. Chemical dilution for degreasing
c. First water flushing after degreasing
d. Second water flushing after degreasing
e. Water make up
f. Preparation of amine solution
B7.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
2,600
2,600
2,600
2,600
400
1,000
Freshwater Supply
Estimated freshwater demands during construction of LNG Train 3 and 4 is
512 m3/hour. Water quality shall comply to Government Regulation No. 82
Year 2001 regarding Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control.
There are two alternatives freshwater supply will be assessed in this AMDAL
study, which are :
1. Groundwater abstraction; and
2. Desalination.
Groundwater abstraction is the preferred option for freshwater supply during
construction. Should the groundwater capacity is not sufficient to fulfil the
water needs, a combination between groundwater extraction and desalination
will be used for freshwater supply. Detail explanation on freshwater supply
option is described in Sub-Chapter 1.2.3 LNG Plant Activity Section C6.
Freshwater Supply.
98
B8.
99
Table I-17
No
Waste Production
Rate
(m3/POB/month)
Total
Mandays
during
Construction
Cumulative Waste
Volume Generated
(m3)
Organic waste
0.065
266,800
17,500
Recyclable waste
0.02
266,800
5,400
Combustible waste
0.17
266,800
45,500
Food waste
50,000
Inert waste
15,000
Wood chipper;
100
Figure I-27
Alternative Non Hazardous Waste Landfill Locations (for organic and inert waste)
101
Hazardous Waste
Estimated hazardous waste volume generated during construction stage is
shown in Table I-20 below.
Table I-18
Used packaging/container
900
Used oil
350
Chemical cans
180
Used/spent chemicals
90
Others
250
Total
1,770
Wastewater Management
Wastewater during construction phase will be discharged at the same
discharge point with existing wastewater discharge. Wastewater during
construction phase will be discharged through GRP-HDPE (or similar type)
pipe with diameter of 18 and approximately 5 km length.
Main wastewater generated during construction phase are as follow :
Sewage sewage generated from construction camp will be treated in a
sewage treatment plant in project location. TEP construction will have an
102
integrated sewerage unit, which will be used during operational phase after
the construction phase with an adjusted POB number.
Current plan is to use aerobic biological treatment with a disinfectant unit.
The design capacity will be based on peak POB during construction phase.
Estimated sewage volume generated during construction is approx. 3,800
m3/day.
Effluent from the STP will be contained for possible reuse, such as irrigation,
road watering and other similar usage. Sludge generated from STP will be
handled by the non-hazardous waste system in IMWF (potential nonhazardous landfill).
Storm water/Runoff water Storm water will be managed throughout the
Construction Phase to minimize erosion and discharge of sediment to
surrounding waterways. Typical storm water management practices include
treatment and conveyance structures, retention and detention basins, filters,
and oil/water separators. Temporary drainage systems and sediment and
erosion control measures to minimize erosion, such as riprap, re-vegetation,
slope stabilization, and so forth, will be implemented as needed.
Storm water runoff from clean areas will be allowed to flow through natural
or manmade ditches to the nearest natural watercourse. Runoff from areas
potentially subject to contamination will be diverted to a holding basin. Water
collected in the basin will be tested prior to final discharge. If found to be
acceptable for direct discharge, basin contents will be released to the outfall. If
unacceptable for direct discharge, water will be treated prior to discharge.
Effluent from batching plant The effluent water from batching plant
usually contain Alkaline and high TSS characteristic. This effluent water will
be treated in (temporary) neutralization pond to meet applicable quality
standard for pH and TSS prior discharge to environment.
During construction, there will be temporary neutralization pond to treat the
effluent water from batching plant.
However, this is not considered as main source of wastewater from Tangguh
LNG activity due to the small volume (not more than 10 m3/day) and it is
intermitten (not a continual activity) hence it is not considered as main
wastewater source in Tangguh LNG activity. The wastewater can also be
reused for similar purpose. The wastewater that cannot be reused will be
treated in neutralization pond to comply with quality standard prior to
discharge to sea.
Hydrotest During the commissioning of LNG train and its supporting
facilities, hydrotest will be done for vessels and piping. Disposal option and
location, including possibility to reuse the water (if not contaminated) is still
being assessed.
ANDAL FOR INTEGRATED ACTIVITIES OF THE TANGGUH LNG EXPANSION PROJECT
103
C.
Operation Phase
C1.
Workforce Mobilization
Existing Tangguh operation employs approximately 1800 workers. This
number could increase by maximum 30% during TAR (heavy maintenance).
This includes workforce requirement for operation and maintenance of LNG
trains, offshore platforms, gas pipelines and other supporting facilities.
Approximately additional 500 1000 personnel will be required to operate
and maintain Train 3 and its supporting facilities. For further development
(Train 4), additional personnel requirement could be double from this
estimation.
Base case is to absorb the operation and maintenance of the additional
facilities in the current population (i.e. no increase in workforce size) by
building capability in existing workforce. It is recognized that some increase
in workforce may be required. Hence this provision of the numbers listed in
this AMDAL document, should not be interpreted as an indication of
increased employment opportunities.
104
Multiple risers allow flare tip to be maintained at grade while the flare
system and plant remain in operation;
Extra space on derrick allows for the addition of risers for future
expansion.
The new flaring installation (demountable flare) will consist of flare headers,
KO drums and flare stacks for dry, wet and common spare flare for exising
LNG Trains and its development up to LNG Train 6.
Schematic flare diagram for six trains operation is shown in FigureFigure I-31.
This new demountable flare will be located to the west area (north of the
existing condensate tank) as shown in FigureFigure I-32 with stack height of
130 m and diameter of 48 inch.
The existing flare systems for train 1 and 2 will be tied in to the new flare
system.
A new tankage flare is provided at the north of LNG storage tank area,
including a stainless steel flare header and elevated flare stack. Additional KO
drum is not required for the new tankage flare system.
There will be purge gas and pilot flaring needed for safety reason. In addition,
there will be some routine flaring required e.g. during dry dock ship, warm
LNG ship, mixed refrigerant composition, train start up after TAR/trip. The
amount of flaring will be significantly higher during initial start up and
commissioning.
Based on existing operation (train 1 and 2), annual amount of flaring from
normal operation as follow:
105
Table I-19
Year
Flare (mmscf)
2011
394,637
9,222
2.34
2012
421,395
6,668
1.58
172,937
1,573
0.91
For Train 3 and 4, the annual amount of flaring is estimated to be 5,500 mmscf
based on existing operation experience. However, the new design of LNG
trains will be improved incorporating lesson learned from existing operation
to reduce flaring.
106
Unit 063/163
Fuel System
Unit 016/017
ORF
Unit 074
Refrigerant
Storage
Unit 011/012
Condensate
Stabiliser
186-FL-1001
Dry Flare
Stack
Wet Flare
Liquid Drain
Train 1
Dry Flare
186-D-1001
Dry Flare
KO Drum
Wet Flare
Liquid Drain
Train 2
Dry Flare
186-FL-1003
Common Spare
Flare Stack
Wet Flare
Liquid Drain
Train 3
Dry Flare
Electric
Heater
Wet Flare
Liquid Drain
Train 4
Electric
Heater
186-D-1003
Common
Spare Flare
KO Drum
Dry Flare
Wet Flare
186-FL-1002
Wet Flare
Stack
Liquid Drain
Train 5
Dry Flare
Wet Flare
LP Steam
Liquid Drain
Train 6
186-D-1002
Wet Flare
KO Drum
Dry Flare
186-D-1004
Blow Down
Drum
Wet Flare
Liquid Drain
Heavy HC to
Slop Oil Tank
No 1 LNG
Storage Tank
No 2 LNG
Storage Tank
Existing BOG
Compressors
No 3 LNG
Storage Tank
New BOG
Compressors
Source : Tangguh Expansion Onshore Flare and Blow Down Basis of Design (186-DBS-PS-0001 Rev. B01)
Figure I-28
107
086-FL-1003
Tankage Flare
Stack
186-FL-1004
New Tankage
Flare Stack
Figure I-29
108
C3.
C4.
Boiler
High pressure (HP) steam is produced at 40 kg/cm2G and 400C in the Heat
Recovery Steam Generators (HRSG) installed in the exhaust stacks of the
Frame-7 Gas Turbines driving the main refrigerant compressors in the LNG
trains and is supplemented by Package Boilers. HP saturated steam is
produced by injecting the boiler feed water under temperature control to
decrease the temperature to the almost saturated condition of 251C at 40
kg/cm2G.
Medium pressure (MP) steam (24 kg/cm2G, 223C) is produced from the
medium pressure let down station (pressure reduction and de-superheating).
In this letdown station, high pressure steam is reduced to 24 kg/cm2G under
pressure control then boiler feed water is injected under temperature control
to decrease the temperature to the almost saturated condition of 223C.
Low pressure (LP) steam (3.5 kg/cm2G, 148C) is produced from the exhaust
of the back-pressure starter/helper steam turbines of driving the refrigeration
compressors in the process trains. The condition of low pressure steam from
the turbines is slightly superheated. Therefore boiler feed water is injected
under temperature control to de-superheat the steam at a temperature of 148
C. The low pressure let-down station is also provided with a boiler feed
water injection system to produce saturated LP steam from the HP steam.
Steam is distributed through the steam headers to the steam consumers. HP
steam is mainly used to drive Starter/Helper the Steam Turbines on the
refrigerant compressors in the LNG trains. These provide power for start-up
of the Frame-7 gas turbines driven compressor strings as well as additional
power during normal operation. Since the turbines are back pressure type, the
outlet stream from the turbines is low pressure steam. Other main users of HP
steam are the Steam Turbine Generator sets in utility area.
109
The steam losses in the system will be replaced by boiler make-up water. This
comprises fresh water mixed with steam condensate which is then treated in
the demineralization package.
The Steam unit will be expanded to generate and distribute additional steam
required by the Tangguh Expansion facilities, and will include interconnection
to exiting system. The potential Steam Equipment as described in Table I-22.
Table I-20
Description
Initial Development
(LNG Train 3)
Steam Supply
Boilers
1 set (3 x boilers)
1 set (3 x boilers)
HRSG
2 set (2 x trains)
2 set (2 x trains)
1 set
1 set
BFW (system)
Steam Consumers
Process
Reboilers
STGs
1 set (3 x 35MW)
1 set (3 x 35MW)
Notes:
1. Plot plans/layout for the steam system expansion shall be located within the available
space on the western side of the existing utilities block. The new boilers will be located
adjacent to the existing units.
2. Further development is required to determine if an additional STG is required with LNG
Train 4. Simple summation of the design electrical loads indicates one additional 35 MW
machine would be required, whereas operational data suggests this would not be
needed.
3. Space will be allocated for the additional facilities anticipated to be required for Train 4.
This includes one STG package, one package boiler, two de-aerator, one steam turbine
condenser, one condensate recovery drum, one condensate pump and one boiler feed
water make-up package. It is assumed all these items will be of the same design and
capacity as the corresponding Train 3 facilities.
110
C5.
C6.
Freshwater Supply
Estimated freshwater demands during Train 3 and 4 operation is 79 m3/hour.
Water quality shall comply to Government Regulation No. 82 Year 2001
regarding Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control.
There are two alternatives freshwater supply will be assessed in this AMDAL
study, which are :
1. Groundwater Abstraction
The option to use groundwater supply to replace or supplement the
current desalination system are considered as part of the Tangguh
Expansion Project and included in this AMDAL study scope.
Option to have groundwater production well within Tangguh fence and
possibility to obtain freshwater supply from outside Tangguh, or
combined both options are currently being considered.
Use of groundwater would reduce the volume of wastewater discharge
(brine water reject) into Bintuni Bay, providing an environmental benefit.
It would also be more energy efficient and reduce the emission of
greenhouse gases.
A number of groundwater investigations have been conducted previously
at Tangguh site, including desk top study, groundwater modeling, drilling,
pilot hole, and geophysical surveys.
The result of those studies identified fresh water aquifer that may be
suitable to supply water for Tangguh construction and operations. A field
111
112
Figure I-30
113
C7.
Wastewater Management
Estimated wastewater volume generated from four trains operations are as
follow :
Table I-21
Treatment Unit
Volume
(m3/day)
Produced Water
1,200
4,800
Neutralization Pit
3,400
Sewage
1,320
32,832
Total
43,552
Total (m3/hour)
1,851
Produced Water
Produced Water
Dissolved Air
Flotation
Bio-treatment
Filtration and
Adsorption
Discharge
Point
-6 m LAT
at LNG Jetty 1
&2
Figure I-31
Biosludge
114
The existing PWT plant does not have the capacity to handle the anticipated
increase in wastewater from the Tangguh Expansion Project facilities.
Therefore, an additional unit of similar design to the two existing units (25
m3/hour) will increase total plant capacity to 75 m3/hour for three LNG
Trains. Addition of PWT unit will be aligned with trains expansion.
The locations of the new PWT plant will be built at the east side of the Main
Control Building (MCB). Design of the integrated system shall address flow
distribution between the new and existing PWT plant.
As proven during the performance test to effluent water of PWT plant, it is
identified that the effluent water from the PWT has the potential to be further
treated/polished to reach the quality of utility water.
There will still be some wastewater to be discharged, though the quantity will
be reduced. Should the PWT flow rate is not sufficient to meet utility water
demand, water supply from other source (groundwater or desalination) will
still required.
Study to assess the possibility of produced water reinjection is being
considered to be conducted in the future. However, this possibility is not
included in this AMDAL scope. Should this reinjection option is selected,
Tangguh LNG will coordinate with relevant institution to have guidance on
further process.
DAF sludge will be managed according to the study result and/or will be
used as soil enricher and/or incinerated in hazardous incinerator and/or sent
to certified waste management facility. Bio-sludge will be treated as raw
material of soil enricher and/or other similar utilization according to the
ongoing study result. Should the study result shows that this option is not
applicable, other option that being considered is to incinerated bio-sludge in
incinerator and/or sent to certified waste management facility.
115
Recovered Oil
Tank
LNG Production
Process
Collection Pond
CPI Unit
-6m LAT
Discharge Point
at LNG 1 & 2
Jetties
Figure I-32
Oily contaminated water during operation phase are produced from several
sources, which are :
Process/train area;
Utility/offsite area;
ORF area;
116
Discharge point
Demineralization Unit
Neutralization Pit
Laboratory
Figure I-33
Utility/offsite area;
Process/train area;
Laboratory.
Sewage
Domestic Wastewater
from the Office Area,
Dormitory, Main
Control Room, Non
Process Area and
Dormitory Offsite
Area
Domestic
Wastewater
Collection
Pond
Aeration
Tank
Clarifier
Sludge
Tank
Figure I-34
Disposal
Tank
Discharge
Point -6m
LAT at LNG
Jetty 1 & 2
Sludge
Drying
Facility
Landfill
New permanent STP unit that will be built during construction phase will also
accommodate the sewage generated during operation phase (including
commissioning) of Tangguh Expansion Project, with some POB adjustment
during operation phase.
In addition, STP unit will be used to treat leachate from organic landfill.
117
Treated sewage water (STP effluent) will be collected for possible reuse, such
as for irrigation, road watering and other similar usage. However, the treated
sewage water will not be reused for human consumption.
Sludge from treatment will be disposed to landfill and/or as compost material
and/or as soil enricher and/or other similar utilization as per the ongoing
study result and/or incinerated.
Discharge point
Desalination Unit
Figure I-35
118
Figure I-36
119
Figure I-37
120
C8.
Organic waste
100
Recyclable waste
85
Combustible waste
500
Wood
90
Inert waste
60
Total
835
Hazardous Waste
Estimated volume of hazardous waste generated during operation phase is
shown in Table I-25 below.
Table I-23
Volume
Solid waste
60 m3/month
Liquid waste
60 m3/ month
Chemical cans
Used/spent chemical
Others
Mercury contaminated waste
60
m3/
110
m3/
month
month
100
m3/
month
121
122
Figure I-38
Existing Non Hazardous Solid Waste Management Diagram in Tangguh LNG Site
123
Figure I-39
124
C9.
Accommodation;
Office;
Warehouse;
Maintenance workshop;
Laboratory;
Clinic;
Worship facility;
Sport facility.
EDGs;
One in the GPF Shore Base (GPFSB) area to refuel equipment used to
support the GPF Shore Base and plant activities
Two on the Combo Dock. One is used for refuelling small marine craft,
e.g. the pilot boat, security boats and water taxis, as well as to refuel
the motorised equipment and vehicles that are used on the Combo
Dock. The other one is used for refuelling large marine craft, e.g. tugs,
crew boats and offshore supply vessels, although the offshore supply
125
D1.
Workforce Demobilization
There will be workforce release in the end of operation phase. Detail process
of workforce release will be determined later and will be done according to
applicable regulation
D2.
D3.
Revegetation
Revegetation will be done in former area of demolished LNG plant and
supporting facilities. Detail revegetation program will be developed once
decommissioning plan is completed.
1.2.4
126
and chemical delivery and for servicing offshore maintenance, operational and
exploration activities.
Tangguh LNG has conducted a design study to investigate possible marine
expansion options to facilitate the additional requirements of the Tangguh
Expansion Project. The primary marine infrastructure requirements identified are :
LNG-Condensate Jetty 2;
All marine facilities are design with no causeways establishment. The interface
between the trestle and the land are supported with an abutment which also
incorporates some erosion protection in the form of a concrete and boulders, as
shown in Figure I-44.
127
Figure I-40
128
Figure I-41
129
No.
Facility
1.
Marine Port
Dredging
Waste
Management
Marine facilities:
- 1 construction
jetty
- 1 combo dock as
condensate/
cargo/
passenger dock
- 1 LNG Jetty for 2
trains
Initial Development
(Train 3)
Marine facilities:
- 1 Bulk Offloading
Facility permanent
- Combo Dock
enhancement
- 1 LNG-Condensate
Jetty
Future Development
(Future Gas Supply for
Train 3 and
Development of Train 4)
Not considered yet
LNG-Condensate Jetty 2
= 130,000 m3
BOF = 750,000 m3
Combo dock
enhancement =
180,000 m3
Maintenance =
400,000 m3
Solid waste from
marine facilities are
managed at
Tangguh LNG site.
Solid wastes from
vessel are managed
on vessel and
follow MARPOL
requirement Annex
V Prevention of
Pollution by
Garbage from Ships
Year 2012 (for
discharge of food
waste to sea).
130
No.
Facility
Wastewater
Management
Existing Tangguh
Wastewater from
marine facilities are
managed at
Tangguh LNG site.
Wastewater from
vessel are managed
on vessel and
follow MARPOL
requirement
Annex IV
Prevention of
Pollution by
Sewage from Ships
Year 2012.
Initial Development
(Train 3)
Future Development
(Future Gas Supply for
Train 3 and
Development of Train 4)
Prohibited zone : 500 meter measured from the outermost point of installation or
marine navigational aid facility.
Restricted zone : 1250 meter measured from the outermost point of the
prohibited zone or 1750 meter from the outermost of installation or marine
navigational aid facility.
Existing safety exclusion zone around Tangguh LNG marine facilities are shown in
Figure I-45 and Figure I-46.
During operation, a 500-m area on all sides of the LNG vessel and 150-m area for the
combo dock are determined as Safety Exclusion Zone for other vessel traffic for
safety reasons
131
Figure I-42
132
Figure I-43
133
Map I-1
134
A.
Pre-Construction Phase
A1.
B.
Construction Phase
B1.
B2.
135
Map I-2
136
Figure I-44
137
B3.
Land Clearing
Some land clearing may be required for construction of marine facilities. For
LNG Condensate Jetty 2 construction, there will be mangrove clearing
approximately 5 Ha.
The area required is already included in total area cleared for LNG
construction and described in LNG Plant activity section.
B4.
Site Preparation
Onshore cut and fill for the marine facilities will be limited to the construction
of the LNG jetty abutment and the construction of access roads from the new
berths to existing road infrastructure.
BOF construction will be from sheet piling, filled with granular material
which may be sourced from onshore or outside Tangguh area. Volumes of fill
are not known at this stage because the design of the BOF is not finalized,
however it is anticipated that at minimum 200,000 m3 of material will be
required for the sheet piling infill. Estimated excavation volume is approx.
95,000 m3.
B5.
138
139
Figure I-45
140
B6.
Figure I-46
Unlike the construction jetty during Tangguh LNG phase one construction, the BOF
will be operated within the boundaries of an operational LNG plant. Safety
considerations therefore include the risks associated with working in an area where
hydrocarbon transfer and routine transport operations are being conducted.
A primary consideration in selecting the location of the BOF is to ensure that its
future operation would not adversely affect existing LNG and condensate export
operations.
Following are some areas which considered to be BOF location and its primary
consideration :
ANDAL FOR INTEGRATED ACTIVITIES OF THE TANGGUH LNG EXPANSION PROJECT
141
Area A
Located between pipeline corridor to existing LNG jetty (within 700 m of the
pipelines). Primary consideration is safety issue related to risk of pipeline
damage due to drop anchor and dragged anchor.
Area B
Located between LNG Jetty 1 (existing) and future LNG-Condensate Jetty 2.
Location is currently occupied by the existing construction jetty and it is too
close with existing and future marine facilities. Potential restrictions of vessel
movement may occur in the future.
Area C
Located between LNG-condensate jetty 2 and 3 with combo dock. Risk of
environmental damage as it is located in the mangrove fringe of approximately
200 m and in close proximity to existing and future marine facilities. The BOF
may be unusable for the construction of LNG Train 4 and new facility will be
required in the future, if BOF is constructed in this location.
Area D
Located between Tangguh LNG site boundary and combo dock.
East side : potential impact to sacred stone in the location and potential risk of
combo dock damage, from out-of-control vessel.
West side : has no such restrictions, and lies within area of Tangguh LNG
marine authority area. Access to the onshore construction areas is good and
would not encroach into any plant operating areas. Therefore, this location is
deemed as the most suitable location for BOF construction.
142
Figure I-47
143
BOF is designed in a similar way to the existing construction jetty which was
utilized during previous Tangguh LNG construction. The BOF will be
designed as a permanent structure with a 25 year design life (with continuous
usage), and will be configured to accommodate a minimum of six berths for
construction barges and LCTs in three basins between wing walls.
The elevations of the berth working and laydown areas shall be appropriate to
the size and type of vessels operated at the berth. Elevations shall take into
consideration the risk of tsunami, and the berth should be designed for
inundation if necessary.
The facility will be designed for the import of heavy loads up to 300 te in
weight, it has been assumed that larger loads will be imported over the
Combo Dock. A laydown area will be provided for the short-term storage of
off-loaded materials.
The BOF will be located in a depth of 1.0 mCD and dredged to a level of -0.4 m
CD at the berths to accommodate barges and LCTs for the import of bulk
materials and equipment. All the berth structures will be designed for a
dredged depth of -3.5 mCD with an over-dredge allowance of at least 0.5 m to
permit future expansion if required.
In addition to the six barge/LCT berths, a berth for the import of diesel fuel
and for re-fuelling vessels will be provided on the west side of the western
finger of the BOF. Berths for construction tugs and small vessels will located
on the east side of the eastern finger. These berths will be dredged to a depth
of at least -2.5 m CD.
An area on the east side of the BOF, also dredged to -2.5 mCD, will be
provided for the operation of ferries for the disembarkment, mustering and
transport of personnel to and from the site in ferries. This area will be remote
from the cargo handling areas to avoid interaction between this activity and
personnel in transit.
A manoeuvring area will be provided, dredged to a depth of -2.5 m CD for
barges and tugs, LCTs, personnel ferries and other vessels using the BOF. The
manoeuvring area will be linked to deep water by a channel, also dredged to a
depth of -2.5 m CD. Navigation marks will be provided at the outer end of the
channel to delineate its width, and leading marks to delineate the channel
centreline shall be provided at the inner end.
This facility will be constructed using sheet piles which driven into the ground
and hoarded to provide strong structure.
As mentioned previously, BOF construction will be part of early work scope
and estimated to take between one to two years period with 9 months of
piling activity (or longer if soft hammer were used).
144
BOF is critical to start the construction of LNG plant and other facilities, such
as loading-unloading area for construction equipment, e.g. bulldozer,
excavator, loaders, backhoe and dump truck; also as loading-unloading area
for construction equipment and LNG plant component.
The BOF is designed to accommodate the vessels summarised in Table I-27
below.
Table I-25
Construction Barge
Maximum Construction Barge
Maximum Size
Minimum Size
2,500 DWT
1,600 DWT
Passenger Ferry
Approx. 30 m LOA
Approx. 15 m LOA
Source : Bulk Offloading Facility (BOF) Basis of Design Rev. B03 - June 2013
145
Note :
*) : Detail design of marine facilities is currently being finalized and may be changed as per project and design progresses. This figure will be updated later to reflect the final design.
Figure I-48
ANDAL FOR INTEGRATED ACTIVITIES OF THE TANGGUH LNG EXPANSION PROJECT
146
Layout BOF*)
Note :
*) : Detail design of marine facilities is currently being finalized and may be changed as per project and design progresses. This figure will be updated later to reflect the final design.
Figure I-49
147
BOF Sections*)
Note :
*) : Detail design of marine facilities is currently being finalized and may be changed as per project and design progresses. This figure will be updated later to reflect the final design.
Figure I-50
148
B7.
Provide a secure, safe and efficient deep-water berthing for the size range
of LNG and condensate vessels as shown in Table I-28 regarding Type
and Capacity of Vessel to be Accommodated in Marine Facilities.
Provide access and support for piping, services, vehicles and personnel
from onshore to the platform by means of a trestle.
149
The new LNG trestle for LNG Jetty 2 (and future LNG Jetty 3) will be lengthen
to outside shore line above the open piled structured with decline road in the
middle and designated pipe track area on its both sides. This trestle will be
branched, with one branch out to LNG Jetty 2 Platform and additional access
road to LNG Jetty 3 that will be built later.
The LNG jetty will be of open piled construction with a concrete and steel
superstructure. The construction methodology and plant will be determined
by the EPC contractor, the options considered include the following :
Piling for the loading platform and trestle will be carried out by
conventional pile driving plant, using either a floating or jack-up barge;
150
Note : LNG Jetty 3 will be developed as part of LNG Train 5 development and is excluded from this AMDAL
scope.
Figure I-51
151
Figure I-52
Jetty Topside
152
The intake facility shall be designed to support pumps, screens and filters for
the extraction of water from the sea and transfer to shore. The filters are
required in order to remove the high level of suspended solids from the
seawater. As far as possible the facilities shall be designed to be operated and
maintained without the need for divers.
Provision for a seawater outfall shall be made at the rear side of the loading
platform. The seawater discharge line will be run along the pipe track to the
discharge point, where it will discharge through a vertical leg into a water
depth of -6 m LAT.
153
Figure I-53
154
Note :
*) : Detail design of marine facilities is currently being finalized and may be changed as per project and design progresses. This figure will be updated later to reflect the final design.
Figure I-54a
155
Note :
*) : Detail design of marine facilities is currently being finalized and may be changed as per project and design progresses. This figure will be updated later to reflect the final design.
Figure I-57b
156
Note :
*) : Detail design of marine facilities is currently being finalized and may be changed as per project and design progresses. This figure will be updated later to reflect the final design.
Figure I-57c
157
B8.
Wave Screen
A wave screen shall be constructed at the east end of the Combo Dock
jetty head to provide protection from wave action to the Small Boat Haven
located on its south side. The wave screen shall be designed such that
wave heights at the small boat berths do not exceed 0.5 m for a deep water
wave height of 1.5 m.
It is envisaged that the screen will be at least 200 m long in order to
accommodate the length of the small boat haven pontoons behind.
Diesel Berth
A new Small Hydrocarbons Berth shall be constructed as a finger pier at
the east end of the Combo Dock jetty head. Hydrocarbon operations that
are currently undertaken on the south berth of the Combo Dock will be
transferred to this new facility :
-
The north side of the berth shall be used for the import of diesel fuels
loading for the refuelling of OSVs and tugs;
The south side of the berth shall be used for fuelling small boats.
The berth shall be at least 120 m long and approximately 15 m wide; the
structure shall incorporate the wave screen.
Hydrocarbon transfer operations will be by hose. A bunded area shall be
provided around each hose handling and manifold area to prevent any
spillage of hydrocarbons entering the marine environment.
ANDAL FOR INTEGRATED ACTIVITIES OF THE TANGGUH LNG EXPANSION PROJECT
158
Tug Berth
The existing tug berth shall be removed and replaced with a pontoon
berth (up to 4 pontoons). The berth shall be designed to accommodate up
to large tugs and pilot boats.
159
Figure I-55
160
Note :
*) : Detail design of marine facilities is currently being finalized and may be changed as per project and design progresses. This figure will
Figure I-56
161
B9.
Non hazardous solid waste disposal to sea only allowed while the ship is
en-route;
Non hazardous waste disposal to sea only allowed in not less than 3
nautical mil from the nearest land for food wastes which have been
comminuted or grounded. Such comminuted or grinded food waste shall
be capable of passing through a screen with openings no greater than 25
mm.
162
Operation Phase
C1.
Workforce Mobilization
During operation, marine facilities will be operated as supporting facilities of
Tangguh LNG operation. Workforce requirement for marine facilities
operation already absorbed in total workforce required for LNG plant
operation.
Detail regarding workforce recruitment and mobilisation on operation stage
are described in Sub Chapter 1.2.3 LNG Plant Activities Section C1. Workforce
Mobilization.
C2.
C3.
163
164
Figure I-57
LNG Loading
165
Condensate Loading
Condensate loading will be moved from the combo dock to the new LNG Jetty
2 as part of the Tangguh LNG Expansion. The condensate loading will be
performed using fixed loading arms. Condensate loading will require
approximately 15 hours. There will be no fueling of these ships while in
Berau/Bintuni Bay. A prohibited area (150-m radius) will be needed during
ship loading. It is anticipated that there will be two condensate shipments per
week. The condensate ships capacity will be about 310,000 bbl and the cargo
ships capacity will be up to 600,000 bbl.
C4.
Table I-26
Capacity
LNG Tanker
Condensate Tanker
General Cargo
5,000 te 10,000 te
14,000 te
LCT
1,500 te
Small Tanker
2,500 te
OSV
800 1,000 te
Sea Transportation for Gas Production Well and Offshore Platform Operation
Vessels to be used during offshore platform operation will be less in number
and type compared to drilling and offshore installation phase. Medium size
vessel will be required, such as Multi Purpose Support Vessel (MPSV) will be
used for maintenance of offshore platform and gas production well, crew boat
and security boat.
Vessel movement frequency will be higher during construction phase
compared to operation phase. Vessel traffic for Tangguh LNG project shall
pass through designated corridor.
Prediction of sea transportation movement during gas exploitation operation
is summarized in Table I-29 below.
166
Table I-27
Operation
(continuously during operation)
Total
Vessel Frequency
Supporting Vessel :
Multipurpose Support Vessel (MPSV)
2 Vessels
12 hour/day
Crew Boat
2 Vessels
12 hour/day
Security Boat
4 Vessels
24 hour/day
Logistic boat;
Fuel tanker.
Similar to current operation, supporting vessels for LNG plant operation will
berth in existing combo dock.
Table I-28
No.
Operation (Continuous)
Number of
Vessel
Frequency
6 Vessels
12 hour/day
Crew Boat
2 Vessels
12 hour/day
2 Vessels
12 hour/day
Security Boat
4 Vessels
24 hour/day
Pilot Boat
1 Vessels
6 hour/day
Tug Boat
6 Vessels
6 hour/day
167
LCT
3 LCTs
3 x /week
2 Vessels
4 x/month
Fuel tanker
1 Vessel
4x/ month
10
LNG Tanker
15 Vessels
15x/ month
11
Condensate Tanker
3 Vessels
3x/ month
12
Mooring Boat
2 Vessels
6 hour/day
C5.
C6.
Wastewater Management
General type of wastewater generated from vessel activity are sewage, bilge
water and ballast water. For small vessel (crew change boat, security boat) will
be equipped with oily water separated system. Disposal of oily contaminated
wastewater from vessel will be using vacuum truck to transfer and managed
the wastewater in wastewater treatment plant onshore.
For large vessel (LNG tanker, condensate tanker), the wastewater (bilge water,
oily contaminated water, ballast water, sewage) will be managed
independently outside Tangguh LNG area, according to Government
Regulation No. 21 Year 2010 regarding Marine Environment Protection and
MARPOL 2012 requirement Annex IV Prevention of Pollution by Sewage
from Ships. Normally, large vessel is already equipped with sanitary
wastewater treatment and oily wastewater treatment facility according to
MARPOL requirement.
Wastewater generated from marine facilities onshore will be managed along
with other wastewater from LNG plant and its supporting facilities. Detail of
wastewater management in Tangguh LNG is described in Sub Chapter 1.2.3
LNG Plant Activity Section C8 Wastewater Management.
C7.
168
D.
D1.
Workforce Release
There will be workforce release in the end of operation phase. Detail process
of workforce release will be determined later and will be done according to
applicable regulation.
D2.
D3.
Revegetation
Revegetation will be done in former area of marine facilities. Detail
revegetation program will be developed once decommissioning plan is
completed.
169
1.2.5
170
Note : regional, geophysical and geotechnical activity is currently in planning stage and may evolve in line with design and project progresses.
Figure I-58
171
Note
Figure I-59
and may evolve in line with design and project progresses, also
172
173
Figure I-60
174
Source : www.fairfieldnodal.com
Figure I-61
Typically, for ocean bottom node or ocean bottom cable seismic survey, will
employ several type of vessels: source vessel, vessel for deployment and
lifting cable or node, chase craft, fast craft for supporting activity,
accommodation barge or vessel and fuel carrier. Total vessel may reach for up
to 12-15 vessels as required. Example of vessel configuration for ocean bottom
cable survey is shown in Figure I-65.
175
Figure I-62 Example of Vessel Configuration for Ocean Bottom Cable (OBC) Survey
ANDAL FOR INTEGRATED ACTIVITIES OF THE TANGGUH LNG EXPANSION PROJECT
176
Recording result data will bein a unit data and saved in special magnetic tape.
This data will be sent to seismic data processing centre in Jakarta. The process
result normally can be completed within 5 8 months.Processed seismic data
can image geological subsurface layer condition in seismic survey area.
This data will be combined with other data to be used for exploration of oil or
gas source.
Seismic survey activity is planned to be conducted in 2015 to 2016 as shown in
Table I-31. Seismic survey area is shown in Figure I-66.
Table I-29
Note
: currently, seismic survey is in planning stage, the above schedule may evolve in line with
planning progresses.
177
Figure I-63
178
Figure I-64
179
Rig Preparation
After arrived in location, rig will be positioned according to well
coordinates plan and will be prepared for drilling. All preparation activity
before spud will be done on rig.
b)
installaton,
drilling
process,
casing
180
flow, either from surrounding formations into the borehole or from mud
that is used for drilling into the surrounding formation.
The type of drilling mud that is planned to be used for exploration and
appraisal well drilling is water based mud that will be used to drill the
whole stage of the well to the final depth. Main composition of drilling
mud is seawater and natural mud generated during drilling.
Although current plan is to use drilling mud with water as its base fluid
which known as a Water Based Mud (WBM) to drill the whole sections,
however the use of Non Aqueous Drilling Fluid (non water based) such
as Synthetic Based Mud (SBM) and/or Oil Based Mud (OBM) will also be
considered during planning process, if the preliminary study results
necessitate to use this type of mud.
Based on appraise stage calculation, approximately 15,000 bbls (1,900 m3)
of drilling mud and 6,000 bbls (960 m3) of drill cuttings are estimated to be
generated and will be discharged from each well. Drilling mud will be
reused as much as possible during drilling period.
During drilling activity, there will be cementing stage for every section
interval. In the well drilling, it is not expected to have excess cement from
the cementing process. This is because the all supplied cements will be
adjusted according to well design, thus all the cement produced will enter
the casing as required. No cement on the surface at all times.
There will be potential residual cement from cement tank clean up
process, maximum waste water volume from this process is
approximately 100 bbls (15,000 L) for each cementing activity. The
residual cement waste will be discharged through a discharge pipe to
seawater. However, cement waste could not be occured and there will be
no potential excess during cement circulation from other section due to
cement process will not reach mud line. Cement will be prepared as per
design and cement tank is not designed for dead volume.
c)
181
During well test, there will be gas flaring for well testing during 48-72
hours for each drilled well. Flaring rate during well clean up can reach
between 30-100 MMSCFD for each drilling zone. Detail assessment will be
conducted further based on the latest data.
d) Plug and abandon well
After the completion of well test, the test pipe will be pulled out and the
well will be shut down through kill well process and well will be
permanently plugged and abandoned in accordance with applicable
guideline and regulation. Subsequently, the entire pipe casings will be cut
to the base of well with minimum distance of 4.5 m (15 ft) below the
seabed.
182
Figure I-65
Potential Exploration Well Location for 3 Targetted Leads: Ubadari, Inos dan Kepe-kepe
183
1.3
1.3.1
No.
Parameters
1.
Noise
2.
Seawater Quality
184
No.
Environmental
Components
Parameters
2. Increase in Oil and Grease Concentrations
3.
Marine Biota
4.
Economics
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Social - Cultural
1. Community Perception
2. Social Tension
Note:
1.
2.
The Terms of Reference for the EIS (ANDAL ToR) was prepared according to Minister of the
Environment Regulation No. 8 Year 2006 as all significant impacts were grouped into several
categories according to their relationship among one another before they were ranked
according to their significance level.
However, this EIS (ANDAL) document that has been prepared referred to Minister of the
Environment Regulation No. 16 Year 2012, and does not set out to rank hypothetical
significant impacts by their significance level. Table I-32
above, therefore, ranks
environmental components and impacted environmental parameters in accordance with the
Matrix of Hypothetical Significant Impacts in Table I-33.
185
Hypothetical Significant Impacts Matrix of Gas Exploitation Activities (Offshore Platforms and Production Wells
Drilling)
Wastewater Management
B5
B4
Workforce Mobilization
B3
B2
Wastewater Management
B1
A2
OPERATION PHASE
A1
2. Overboard Discharge
ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS
PROPOSED ACTIVITIES
Alternatives
of Drilling
Mud and Drill
Cuttings
Management
B6
B7
B8
B9
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
Air Quality
Increase in CO 2 emission
Odor
Increase in H2 S Concentration
Noise
Hydrology
Hydrogeology
Oceanography
Physical-Chemical
Soil
Physiography
Groundwater Quality
Seawater Quality
Terrestrial Flora
Biological
Terrestrial Fauna
Freshwater Biota
Marine Biota
Demographics
Economy
Community Perception
Assimilation and Acculturation
Changes in Social Norms and Values
Socio-Cultural
Social Tension
Indigenous People Marginalization
Changes in Cultural Heritage
Vulnerable Community Groups (Women, Children, the Poor,
the Elderly, and the Disabled)
Education
Public
Health
Public Health
186
POSTOPERATION
PHASE
Facilities Decommissioning
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
PRECONSTRUCTION
PHASE
Workforce Demobilization
Table I-32
D1
D2
Figure I-66
Flow Chart of Hypothetical Significant Impacts of Gas Exploitation Activities (Offshore Platforms and Production Wells Drilling
187
Figure I-67
Summary of the Scoping Process for Gas Exploitation Activities (Offshore Platforms and Production Wells Drilling)
188
1.3.2
Environmental
Components
No.
Parameters
1.
Seawater Quality
1. Decrease in DO Content
2. Increase in Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Content
2.
Marine Biota
3.
Economics
4.
Social - Cultural
Note:
1.
2.
1. Community Perception
2. Social Tension
The terms of reference for the EIS (ANDAL ToR) was prepared according to Minister of the
Environment Regulation No. 8 Year 2006 as all significant impacts were grouped into
several categories according to their relationship among one another before they were
ranked according to their significance level.
However, this EIS (ANDAL) document that has been prepared referred to Minister of the
Environment No. 16 Year 2012, and does not set out to rank hypothetical significant
impacts by their significance level. Table I-34 above, therefore, ranks environmental
components and impacted environmental parameters in accordance with the Matrix of
Hypothetical Significant Impacts in Table I-35.
189
Air Quality
Increase in CO 2 emission
Odor
Increase in H2 S Concentration
Noise
Hydrology
Hydrogeology
Physical-Chemical
Oceanography
Soil
Physiography
Groundwater Quality
Seawater Quality
Terrestrial Flora
Biological
Terrestrial Fauna
Freshwater Biota
Marine Biota
Demographics
Economy
Socio-Cultural
Social Tension
Indigenous People Marginalization
Changes in Cultural Heritage
Vulnerable Community Groups (Women, Children, the Poor, the
Elderly, and the Disabled)
Public Health
Education
Public Health
Changes in Access to Healthcare
Changes in Environmental Health Changes
190
Wastewater Management
Workforce Demobilization
B7
Pipeline Maintenance
B6
B5
Workforce Mobilization
B4
B3
Wastewater Management
B2
B1
Offshore Discharge
A1
Alternatives of
Hydrotest
Water
Discharge
ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS
Alternatives of
Shore
Approach
Pipeline
Installation
PROPOSED ACTIVITIES
POSTOPERATION
PHASE
OPERATION PHASE
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Table I-33
B8
B9
B10
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
D1
D2
Figure I-68
191
Figure I-69
192
1.3.3
Environmental
Components
No.
Parameters
1.
Air Quality
1. Light Sighting
2. Increase in Opacity
2.
Greenhouse Gases
3.
Noise
4.
Hydrology
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Hydrogeology
6.
Soil
7.
8.
Seawater Quality
9.
Terrestrial Flora
10.
Terrestrial Fauna
11.
Marine Biota
12.
Demographics
13.
Economics
1.
2.
3.
4.
193
Environmental
Components
No.
Parameters
14.
Social - Cultural
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
15.
Public
Services
including Education
16.
Public Health
1.
2.
3.
4.
Note:
1.
2.
Community Perception
Social Tension
Indigenous People Marginalization
Assimilation and Acculturation
Changes in Social Norms and Values
Changes in Cultural Heritage
Vulnerable Community Groups (Women, Children, the Poor,
the Elderly, and the Disabled)
The Terms of Reference for the EIS (ANDAL ToR) was prepared according to Minister of the
Environment No. 8 Year 2006 as all significant impacts were grouped into several categories
according to their relationship among one another before they were ranked according to their
significance level.
However, this EIS (ANDAL) document that has been prepared referred to Minister of the
Environment Regulation No. 16 Year 2012, and does not set out to rank hypothetical
significant impacts by their significance level. Table I-36 above, therefore, ranks
environmental components and impacted environmental parameters in accordance with the
Matrix of Hypothetical Significant Impacts in Table I-37.
194
C5
C6
Revegetation
C4
Facilities Decommissioning
C3
Workforce Demobilization
C2
C1
B11
B10
Wastewater Management
Boiler
B9
Desalination
B8
Groundwater Abstraction
Flaring
B7
Workforce Mobilization
B6
B5
B4
Wastewater Management
B3
Alternative of
Water Supply
B2
Desalination
Site Preparation
B1
Groundwater Abstraction
Land Clearing
A1
POST-OPERATION
PHASE
OPERATION PHASE
Alternative of
Water Supply
ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS
PRECONSTRU
CTION
PHASE
PROPOSED ACTIVITIES
Table I-35
C7
C8
C9
C10
D1
D2
D3
Air Quality
Light Sighting
Increase in CO 2 emission
Odor
Increase in H2 S Concentration
Noise
Hydrogeology
Hydrology
Land Subsidence
Oceanography
Physical-Chemical
Soil
Physiography
Changes in Landscape
Increase in Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Content
Increase in Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Content
Changes in pH Values
Groundwater Quality
Seawater Quality
Terrestrial Flora
Biological
Terrestrial Fauna
Migratory)
Changes in Species Distribution
Freshwater Biota
Marine Biota
Mammals)
Increase in Exotic Species
Demographics
Economy
Socio-Cultural
Community Perception
Social Tension
Education
Public
Health
Public Health
195
Figure I-70
196
Figure I-71
197
1.3.4
Note:
1.
2.
Parameters
1.
Oceanography
2.
Seawater Quality
3.
Marine Biota
4.
Economics
5.
Social - Cultural
1. Community Perception
2. Social Tension
3. Changes in Cultural Heritage
The Terms of Reference for the EIS (ANDAL ToR) was prepared according to Minister of the
Environment No. 8 Year 2006 as all significant impacts were grouped into several categories
according to their relationship among one another before they were ranked according to their
significance level.
However, this EIS (ANDAL) document that has been prepared referred to Minister of the
Environment No. 16 Year 2012, and does not set out to rank Hypothetical Significant Impacts
by their significance level. Table I-38 above, therefore, ranks environmental components and
impacted environmental parameters in accordance with the Matrix of Hypothetical
Significant Impacts in Table I-39
198
Land Clearing
Site Preparation
Wastewater Management
Workforce Mobilization
Wastewater Management
Workforce Demobilization
OPERATION PHASE
ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
PROPOSED ACTIVITY
PRECONSTRUC
TION
PHASE
Table I-37
A1
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
B10
B11
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
D1
D2
Air Quality
Increase in CO 2 emission
Odor
Increase in H2 S Concentration
Noise
Hydrology
Hydrogeology
Physical-Chemical
Oceanography
Soil
Physiography
Groundwater Quality
Seawater Quality
Terrestrial Flora
Biological
Terrestrial Fauna
Freshwater Biota
Marine Biota
Community Perception
Demographics
Economy
Socio-Cultural
Social Tension
Indigenous People Marginalization
Changes in Cultural Heritage
Vulnerable Community Groups (Women, Children, the Poor,
the Elderly, and the Disabled)
Public Health
Education
Public Health
Changes in Access to Healthcare
Changes in Environmental Health Changes
199
Figure I-72
200
Figure I-73
201
1.4
1.4.1
202
Map I-3
203
a. Project Boundary
The project boundary for the proposed Tangguh LNG Expansion Project
encompasses Initial Development and Future Development, as presented in
Table I-40.
The project boundary for each main activity is described as follow:
Each offshore platform will have an exclusion zone within a radius of 500 m;
Subsea pipelines will have a buffer zone of 1 km to the left and 1 km to the right
from the central line;
The LNG Plant project boundary is located in forest area which has been
relinquished for Tangguh LNG development (Ministry of Forestry Decree No.
Sk. 287/Menhut-II/2004) dated August 5th, 2004 regarding Relinquishment of
Production Forest Area which can be converted as of 3,380 ha for the Tangguh
LNG Expansion and Community Resettlement of Simuri-Saengga and Tanah
Merah villages where the area of 3,226 ha has been used for current Tangguh
LNG operations as well as Tangguh LNG Expansion Facilities. Since February
25th, 2013 the area of 3,226 ha has been granted the right to use certificate issued
by Land Office of the Teluk Bintuni Regency No. 00041 which will continuously
valid as long as the land is used;
Marine Facilities (including all jetties) will have safety exclusion zone within the
Work Authority Area of the Sea Port (DLKR Daerah Lingkungan Kerja Pelabuhan
or The Work Authority Area and DLKP Daerah Lingkungan Kepentingan
Pelabuhan or The Interest Authority Area) recommended by Directorate General
of Sea Communication; and
Shipping channel and anchorage area for LNG Tankers, Condensate Tankers and
other vessels. The width of the shipping channel is 2 km.
A map of the project boundary is depicted in Map I-4.
204
Table I-38
No.
Future Development
(up to LNG Train 4)
Offshore platform
(NUI)
Gas Production
Wells
Detailed designs have not been defined yet, but the standard
design is up to 16 slots for each offshore platform.
Initial estimation of total production wells on each offshore
platform:
VRF = up to 7 wells
OFA = up to 4 wells
VRD = up to 6 wells
VRC = up to 5 wells
TTA = up to 7 wells
TTB = up to 7 wells
KKA = up to 2 wells
UBA = up to 3 wells
VRE = up to 5 wells
205
No.
3
Facilities
Subsea Pipelines
Future Development
(up to LNG Train 4)
Up to 9 Subsea Pipelines with a standard diameter of 24"; a final
design, however, has not been defined yet.
The preliminary design is as follows:
VRF to ORF ( 24" - estimated length of 19 km)
OFA to ROA ( 16" - estimated length of 13 km)
VRD to VRF (hub platform) ( 24" - estimated length of 7 km)
VRC to ROA ( 24" - estimated length of 9 km)
TTA to ORF ( 24" - estimated length of 20 km)
TTB to ORF ( 24" - estimated length of 20 km)
KKA to OFA ( 24" - estimated length of 30 km)
UBA to OFA ( 24" - estimated length of 30 km)
VRE to ORF ( 24" - estimated length of 15 km)
Parallel Pipelines
(Pipe diameter has not been defined yet; however, initial
estimation is around 20-24" diameter)
ROA-WDA, ROA-ORF, VRA-ORF, VRB-ORF, VRE-ORF, VRFORF, TTA-ORF, TTB-ORF, KKA-ORF
Additional onshore compression facility (near the ORF)
The ORF will be expanded to accommodate additional pipelines in
the future (the ORF is designed to be expandable).
LNG Plant
LNG Plant:
1 expandable ORF
1 LNG Train
1 LNG Tank
1 Condensate Tank
Utility (1 AGRU 2 AGIs)
1 Flare (to accommodate 6 Trains) - wet and dry and
common spare (backup)
206
LNG Plant:
1 expandable ORF
1 LNG Train
1 LNG Tank
1 Condensate Tank (Potential)
Utility
No.
Facilities
Future Development
(up to LNG Train 4)
1 BOG compressor
1 Tankage Flare
5
Marine Facilities
Activities
Survey, Seismic,
and Drilling
Activities of
Exploration and
Delineation/Apprai
sal Wells
Regional survey, geophysical and geotechnical activities at Berau PSC and Muturi PSC;
Seismic survey activities (3D and 2D) at Berau PSC and Muturi PSC;
Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) survey activities at all production wells to be drilled under the Tangguh LNG
Expansion Project activities.
Drilling activities of exploration and delineation/appraisal wells:
o Berau PSC exploration commitment that is drilling of one exploration well in Berau PSC area at prospect/lead to
Kepe-kepe, Inos or Ubadari.
o Delineation/appraisal well drilling i.e. O-2 and V-13 wells, which will be done in the near future at Ofaweri and
Vorwata gas field, as well as other proposed delineation/appraisal well drilling at Berau PSC and Muturi PSC area
which covers Vorwata, Wiriagar Deep, Ofaweri, Roabiba gas field and/or other prospects such as Kepe-kepe and
Teteruga in the future.
207
Map I-4
208
b. Ecological Boundary
The ecological boundary was identified by taking into account the spatial
distributions of hypothetical significant impacts caused by the project activities
through ecological media, notably air and water. It encompasses terrestrial and
marine ecosystems that are likely to be affected by activities implemented under the
Tangguh LNG Expansion Project (see Map I-5). Ecological boundaries for each
environmental component that may potentially become affected are detailed below:
1.
Air quality: main source of impact to air quality is air emission generated by
Tangguh LNG Plant operations. Within the study area boundary, the annually
prevailing wind direction is from West (18%) blowing at a maximum wind
speed of 8.8 m/s, and 5.7 m/s from South-East. It is predicted that the majority
of air emission will disperse toward East and North-West from the source (see
Map I-6).
2.
3.
Seawater Quality: main sources of impact to seawater quality are from seabed
trenching, subsea pipeline installation, drilling mud and drill cuttings
discharge, and wastewater discharge (produced water and brine water reject).
The dispersion of impact to seawater quality will follow the direction of waves
coming from the impacts' source (see Map I-8).
4.
Marine Biota: main sources of impact to marine biota (plankton and benthos)
are from seabed trenching, subsea pipeline installation, drilling mud and drill
cuttings discharge, and installation of offshore platform activities.
5.
Terrestrial Flora and Fauna: main sources of impact to terrestrial flora and
fauna are from land clearing and construction activities of the Tangguh LNG
Plant and its supporting facilities that will generate noise affecting wildlife,
notably birds (see Map I-9).
209
Map I-5
Ecological Boundary
210
Map I-6
211
Map I-7
212
Map I-8
213
Map I-9
214
c. Social Boundary
The social boundary is based on the ANDAL ToR (the EIS ToR) agreed by Ministry
of the Environment on July 24th, 2013 (Appendix I Deputy Minister of the
Environment Decree No. 30 Year 2013) by taking into account the following:
A condition where traditional norms and values are present in social interaction
around the proposed activities site, including social systems and structures.
The indigenous people living on the coast of Bintuni Bay who have been affected
by Tangguh LNG activities.
Aside from the above criteria, two more criteria were taken into account in the
identification of the social study area boundary under the Tangguh LNG Expansion
Project, among others:
The presence of Indigenous Community Villages along the coast of Bintuni Bay
is acknowledged as they are the places of residence of Sebyar, Simuri, Irarutu, as
well as Petuanan-Petuanan Arguni, Sekar Pikpik, and Wertuwar tribes who are
affected by Tangguh LNG activities.
The social boundary for EIA study of the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project took into
consideration those villages that are likely to be potentially affected. However, the
boundary does not reflect social management program area. Villagesincluded in the
study area boundary and potentially to be affected area are as follows:
A. Teluk Bintuni Regency
1. Babo District:
a. Modan Village;
b. Kanaisi Village;
c. Nusei Village;
d. Kasira Village;
e. Kampung Baru Village; and
f.
Irarutu 3 Village.
215
2. Aroba District:
a. Sidomakmur Village; and
b. Wimbro Village.
3. Sumuri District:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Materabu Village;
e.
Furada Village;
f.
g.
4. Kamundan District
a.
Kalitami 1 Village;
b.
Kalitami 2 Village;
c.
Bibiram Village;
d.
e.
Maroro Village.
5. Tomu District:
a.
Totira Village;
b.
Wanagir Village;
c.
Adur Village;
d.
Tomu Village;
e.
Ekam Village;
f.
Ayot Village;
g.
Taroy Village;
h.
Perapera Village;
i.
Tambanewa Village;
j.
k.
6. Aranday District:
a.
b.
Kecap Village;
c.
d.
Aranday Village.
216
7. Weriagar District:
a.
Weriagar Village;
b.
c.
Mogotira Village;
d.
e.
f.
Tuanaikin Village.
B. Fakfak Regency
1. Kokas District:
a. Goras Village;
b. Goras Selatan Village1;
c. Darembang Village;
d. Fior Village;
e. Furir Village;
f.
Andamata Village;
g. Arguni Village;
h. Taver Village;
i.
Kinam Village;
j.
Kokas Village;
Pangwadar Village1;
m. Sisir Village;
n. Masina Village1;
o. Sekar Village;
p. Sosar Village1; and
q. Ugar Village.
2. Bomberay District
a. Otoweri Village;
b. Salawir Village1;
c. Tomage Village; and
d. Wamosan Village1
217
Aforementioned villages will be assessed in the EIS and then analysed to identify
those that will form part of social management plan under the Tangguh LNG
Expansion Project.
The social boundary illustrates the existing social structure/system, which may
potentially be affected by the proposed project activities. The social boundary for
the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project is depicted in Map I-10.
d. Administrative Boundary
The administrative boundary has been drawn based on the district boundaries of
Teluk Bintuni Regency and Fakfak Regency, encompassing all villages potentially
affected by the Tangguh LNG Expansion Project activities, as outlined above. There
are 7 Districts (Babo, Aroba, Sumuri, Kamundan, Tomu, Aranday, and Weriagar) in
Teluk Bintuni Regency and 2 (Kokas and Bomberay) in Fakfak Regency. The
administrative boundary is depicted in Map I-11.
218
Map I-10
219
Map I-11
220
1.4.2
No.
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Time Frame of
Impact Assessment
Construction Phase
Job Opportunities
Changes in Local
Business Growth
(Financial Institutions,
Entrepreneurship)
Economics
B1
Workforce
Mobilization
and
Demobilization
Community Perception
Social-Cultural
Social Tension
Changes in Nekton
Diversity (Including
Marine Mammals)
Marine Biota
B3
B4
Offshore
Platform
Transportation
and Installation
Fishery Activity
Disturbance
Economics
Sea Transportation
Accessibility
Disturbance
Social-Cultural
Community Perception
221
No.
Activities
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Time Frame of
Impact Assessment
Social Tension
B4
Production
Well Drilling
Noise
Marine Biota
Changes in Nekton
Diversity (Including
Marine Mammals)
Economics
Fishery Activity
Disturbance
Community Perception
Social-Cultural
Social Tension
Increase in TSS
Content
B5
Alternatives of
Drilling Mud
and Drill
Cuttings
Management
(Note:
This impact has
linkage to the
Option of
overboard
discharge at
drilling
locations)
Seawater
Quality
Marine Biota
Nekton Diversity
(Including Marine
Mammals)
222
Takes place in
separate space and
time with estimation
of around 3-6
months for each well
drilling. For each
platform, the total
wells to be drilled are
estimated up to 10
wells with available
slots up to 16 slots.
The first stage of
drilling activities will
be continuous over a
period of about 8
years at different time
and space. Impacts
are estimated to occur
up to one month after
completion of drilling
activities.
Takes place in
separate space and
time with estimation
of around 3-6 months
for each well drilling.
For each platform,
the total wells to be
drilled are estimated
up to 10 wells with
available slots up to
16 slots.
The first stage of
drilling activities will
be continuous over a
period of about 8
years at different time
and space. Impacts
are estimated to occur
up to one month after
completion of drilling
activities.
No.
Activities
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Community Perception
B6
Production Well
Clean-Up
(Flaring)
Social-Cultural
Social Tension
Time Frame of
Impact Assessment
Takes place in
separate space and
time with flaring
estimation around 2-3
days during the
clean-up period of
each well. Flaring can
be carried out at the
end of the drilling of
each well (once every
3-6 months) or
consecutively over a
specific period of time
(if drills are carried
out in batch mode).
For each platform, the
total wells to be
drilled are estimated
up to 10 wells with
available slots up to
16 slots.
Operation Phase
Nekton Diversity
(Including Marine
Mammals)
Marine Biota
C3
Existence of
Offshore
Platform
Fishery Activity
Sea Transportation
Accessibility
Disturbance
Economics
Community Perception
Social-Cultural
Table I-40
No.
20-30 years
throughout the
operation phase up to
decommissioning of
project facilities
Social Tension
Activities
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Construction Phase
Economics
B1
Workforce
Mobilization and
Demobilization
Job Opportunities
Community Perception
Social-Cultural
Social Tension
223
No.
B2
B4
Activities
Sea
Transportation
for Workforce,
Equipment, and
Materials
Sea Bed
Trenching,
Pipeline
Installation, and
Rock Dumping
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Marine Biota
Changes in Nekton
Diversity (Including
Marine Mammals)
Economics
Fishery Activity
Seawater
Quality
Increase in Total
Suspended Solids
Content (TSS)
Marine Biota
Decrease in Benthos
Abundance
Fishery Activity
Disturbance
Economics
Sea Transportation
Accessibility
Disturbance
Community Perception
Social-Cultural
Social Tension
B8
Hydrotest Water
Discharge
(Dewatering)
Table I-41
No.
Seawater
Quality
Reduce in DO Content
Takes place in
separate space
and time over an
estimated period
of 10-12 months
for gas
transmission
pipeline
installation of 30
km length with
detail activities
are as follows:
3-4 months for
pipelines
installation, 2-3
months for
trenching, and 46 months for
rock dumping.
Approximately 3-7
days during
dewatering for each
pipeline.
Activities
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Construction Phase
Changes in
Population
Migration
(Mobility)
B1
Workforce
Mobilization
and
Demobilization
Demographics
Changes in
Population
Structure (Age,
Education, Sex,
Ethnicity,
Religion)
Changes in
Population
Growth
224
No.
Activities
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Job Opportunities
Changes in Local
Business Growth
Economics
Changes in
Livelihood
Patterns
Changes in Level
of Income
Community
Perception
Assimilation and
Acculturation
Changes in Social
Norms and
Values
Social Tension
Social Cultural
Indigenous
People
Marginalization
Changes in
Cultural Heritage
Vulnerable
Community
Groups, e.g.
Women, Children,
the Poor, the
Elderly, and the
Disabled
Public Services
including
Education
Changes in Public
Services including
Education
Changes in
Disease Patterns
Public Health
Changes in
Disease
Prevalence
Changes in Access
to Healthcare
Changes in
Environmental
Health
225
No.
Activities
B2
Sea
Transportation
for Workforce,
Equipment,
and Materials
B3
Land Clearing
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Marine Biota
Changes in
Nekton Diversity
(Including Marine
Mammals)
Approximately 3 4 years
throughout the
construction period
Noise
Increase in Noise
Level
Hydrology
Increase in
Surface Water
Run-Off
Soil
Increase in Soil
Erosion
Surface Water
Quality
Increase in TSS
Content
Changes in
Species Structure
and Composition
Terrestrial
Flora
Changes in Land
Cover
Changse in Flora
Species Diversity
Changes in Fauna
Species Diversity
Terrestrial
Fauna
Changes in
Species
Distribution
Change in
Wildlife Habitats
Increase in
Surface Water
Run-Off
Hydrology
B4
Changes in
Drainage Patterns
Changes in Creek
Morphology
Site
Preparation
Changes in Creek
Water Flow Rate
Soil
Increase in Soil
Erosion
Surface Water
Quality
Increase in TSS
Content
226
No.
B5
B6
B7
Activities
Construction of
the LNG Plant
and its
Supporting
Facilities
Alternative
Water
Supplies:
Option 1:
Groundwater
Abstraction
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Hydrology
Increase in
Surface Water
Run-Off
Soil
Increase in Soil
Erosion
Surface Water
Quality
Increase in TSS
Content
Noise
Increase in Noise
Level
Terrestrial
Fauna
Changes in
Species
Distribution
Decrease in
Shallow
Groundwater
Level
Hydrology
Seawater
Intrusion
Land Subsidence
Social Cultural
Community
Perception
Social Tension
Option 2:
Desalination
Seawater
Quality
Increase in
Salinity
Operation Phase
Changes in
Population
Migration
(Mobility)
C1
Workforce
Mobilization
Demographics
Changes in
Population
Structure (Age,
Education, Sex,
Ethnicity,
Religion)
227
No.
Activities
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Changes in
Population
Growth
Job Opportunities
Changes in Local
Business Growth
Economics
Changes in
Livelihood
Patterns
Changes in Level
of Income (Income
per Capita,
Household
Income,
Expenditure)
Community
Perception
Assimilation and
Acculturation
Changes in Social
Norms and
Values
Social Tension
Social Cultural
Indigenous
People
Marginalization
Changes in
Cultural Heritage
Vulnerable
Community
Groups, e.g.
Women, Children,
the Poor, the
Elderly, and the
Disabled
Public Services
including
Education
Changes in Public
Services including
Education
Changes in
Disease Patterns
Public Health
Changes in
Disease
Prevalence
Changes in Access
to Healthcare
228
No.
Activities
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Changes in
Environmental
Health
Air Quality
C2
Increase in CO2
Emissions (from
LNG Plant
Operations)
Increase in
Opacity
Flaring
Light Sighting
Social-Cultural
Community
Perception
Social Tension
Takes place throughout
the operation phase, about
20-30 years
C3
Electrical
Power
Generator (Gas
Turbine)
Air Quality
Increase in CO2
Emission
C4
Boiler
Air Quality
Increase in CO2
Emission
C5
Acid Gas
Incinerator
(AGI)
Air Quality
Increase in CO2
Emission
C6
Alternatives of
Water Supply:
Option 1:
Groundwater
Abstraction
Hydrogeology
Decrease in
Shallow
Groundwater
Level
Seawater
Intrusion
Land Subsidence
Social-Cultural
Community
Perception
Social Tension
Option 2:
Desalination
Seawater
Quality
Increase in
Salinity
Increase in COD
Seawater
Quality
C7
Wastewater
Management
Marine Biota
Increase in
Ammonia
Decrease in
Nekton Species
Diversity
(including Marine
Mammals)
229
No.
Activities
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Post-Operation Phase
Changes in
Population
Migration
(Mobility)
Demographics
Changes in
Population
Structure (Age,
Education, Sex,
Ethnicity,
Religion)
Changes in
Population
Growth
Job Opportunities
and
Unemployment
Economics
D1
Changes in Local
Business Growth
Changes in
Income Levels
Changes in
Livelihood
Patterns
Workforce
Demobilization
Community
Perception
Assimilation and
Acculturation
Changes in Social
Norms and
Values
Social Tension
Social Cultural
Indigenous
People
Marginalization
Changes in
Cultural Heritage
Vulnerable
Community
Groups, e.g.
Women, Children,
the Poor, the
Elderly, and the
Disabled
230
No.
Activities
Environmental
Components
Hypothetical
Significant Impacts
Public Services
including
Education
Changes in Public
Services including
Education
Changes in
Disease Patterns
Public Health
Changes in
Disease
Prevalence
Changes in Access
to Healthcare
Changes in
Environmental
Health
Changes in
Species Structure
and Composition
Terrestrial
Flora
Changes in Land
Cover
Changes in Flora
Species Diversity
D3
Re-vegetation
Changes in Fauna
Species Diversity
Terrestrial
Fauna
Changes in
Distribution of
Species
Changes in
Habitats of
Wildlife
Table I-42
No.
Activities
Hypothetical
Significant
Impacts
Environmental
Components
Construction Phase
Marine Biota
B2
Sea
Transportation
for Workforce,
Equipment, and
Materials
Changes in Nekton
Diversity
(Including Marine
Mammals)
Fishery Activity
Disturbance
Economics
Sea Transportation
Accessibility
Disturbance
231
No.
Activities
Hypothetical
Significant
Impacts
Environmental
Components
Social - Cultural
Community
Perception
Social Tension
Seawater
Quality
B5
Dredging and
Disposal of
Dredge
Materials
Marine Biota
Social -Cultural
Increase in Total
Suspended Solids
(TSS) Content
Decrease in
Plankton
Abundance
Decrease in
Benthos
Abundance
Community
Perception
Social Tension
B6
B7
BOF (Bulk
Offloading
Facility)
LNG 2 Jetty
(Combined
LNG Condensate
Jetty)
Community
Perception
Social-Cultural
Social Tension
Changes in
Cultural Heritage
Community
Perception
Social-Cultural
Social Tension
Changes in
Cultural Heritage
Community
Perception
B8
Combo Dock
Expansion
Social-Cultural
Social Tension
Changes in
Cultural Heritage
Operation Phase
Marine Biota
C2
Sea
Transportation
for Workforce,
Equipment, and
Materials
Changes in Nekton
Diversity
(Including Marine
Mammals)
Fishery Activity
Disturbance
Economics
Sea Transportation
Accessibility
Disturbance
232
No.
Activities
Hypothetical
Significant
Impacts
Environmental
Components
Social - Cultural
Community
Perception
Social Tension
Seawater
Quality
C3
Maintenance,
Dredging and
Disposal of
Dredge
Materials
Marine Biota
Marine Biota
C4
Loading and
Transportion of
LNG and
Condensate
Increase in Total
Suspended Solids
(TSS) Content
Decrease in
Plankton
Abundance
Decrease in
Benthos
Abundance
Changes in Nekton
Diversity
(Including Marine
Mammals)
Fishery Activity
Disturbance
Economics
Social-Cultural
Sea Transportation
Accessibility
Disturbance
Community
Perception
Social Tension
C8
Existence of
Marine
Facilities
Oceanography
Changes in Wave
Patterns
Shoreline Abrasion
233