Document No. :: IITK-GSDMA-EQ26-V3.

0
Final Report :: A - Earthquake Codes
IITK-GSDMA Project on Building Codes

Design Example of a Six Storey

Building
by

Dr. H. J. Shah
Department of Applied Mechanics
M. S. University of Baroda
Vadodara

Dr. Sudhir K Jain

Department of Civil Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
Kanpur

This document has been developed under the project on Building Codes
sponsored by Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority, Gandhinagar
at Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur.

The views and opinions expressed are those of the authors and not
necessarily of the GSDMA, the World Bank, IIT Kanpur, or the Bureau of
Indian Standards.

Comments and feedbacks may please be forwarded to:

Prof. Sudhir K Jain, Dept. of Civil Engineering, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur
208016, email: nicee@iitk.ac.in

Design Example of a Building

Example Seismic Analysis and Design of a Six Storey Building

Problem Statement:
A six storey building for a commercial complex has plan dimensions as shown in Figure 1. The building is
located in seismic zone III on a site with medium soil. Design the building for seismic loads as per IS 1893
(Part 1): 2002.

General
1. The example building consists of the main
block and a service block connected by
expansion joint and is therefore structurally
separated (Figure 1). Analysis and design for
main block is to be performed.

7. Sizes of all columns in upper floors are kept the

same; however, for columns up to plinth, sizes
are increased.

8. The floor diaphragms are assumed to be rigid.

2 The building will be used for exhibitions, as an
art gallery or show room, etc., so that there are
no walls inside the building. Only external
walls 230 mm thick with 12 mm plaster on
both sides are considered. For simplicity in
analysis, no balconies are used in the building.

9. Centre-line dimensions are followed for

analysis and design. In practice, it is advisable
to consider finite size joint width.

10. Preliminary sizes of structural components are

assumed by experience.
3. At ground floor, slabs are not provided and the
floor will directly rest on ground. Therefore,
only ground beams passing through columns
are provided as tie beams. The floor beams are
thus absent in the ground floor.

4. Secondary floor beams are so arranged that

they act as simply supported beams and that
maximum number of main beams get flanged
beam effect.

5. The main beams rest centrally on columns to

avoid local eccentricity.

6. For all structural elements, M25 grade concrete

will be used. However, higher M30 grade
concrete is used for central columns up to
plinth, in ground floor and in the first floor.

11. For analysis purpose, the beams are assumed

to be rectangular so as to distribute slightly
larger moment in columns. In practice a beam
that fulfils requirement of flanged section in
design, behaves in between a rectangular and a
flanged section for moment distribution.

12. In Figure 1(b), tie is shown connecting the

footings. This is optional in zones II and III;
however, it is mandatory in zones IV and V.

13. Seismic loads will be considered acting in the

horizontal direction (along either of the two
principal directions) and not along the vertical
direction, since it is not considered to be
significant.

14. All dimensions are in mm, unless specified

otherwise.

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Design Example of a Building

C1
(0,0)

(7.5,0)

(15,0)

B1

C2

B2

C3

C4 (22.5,0)

B3

A
F.B.
7.5 m

B 15

F.B.
B 18

F.B.

F.B.
B4

C6

C5
(0,7.5)

B
7.5 mA

B 14

F.B.

C9
(0,15)
7.5 m

B5

F.B. B 17

F.B.
C7

F.B.

B8

C11

(7.5,15)
B 16

F.B.

F.B.

B10

(22.5,7.5)
C8

F.B.

F.B.

B 13

B6

(15, 7.5)
B 20

C10

Main block
B 24

(7.5, 7.5)
F.B.

B7
C

F.B. B 21

F.B. B 23
Expansion
joint

B9

C12

(15, 15)
F.B.

F.B. B 19

Service block

(22.5,15)

B 22
F.B.

B11

B12

D
C13
(0,22.5)

C14

C15

(7.5,22.5)

(15,22.5)

C16
(22.5,22.5)

1m
300 600
5 m 500 500

7.5 m

2
7.5 m
(a) Typical floor plan

7.5 m

+ 31.5 m
+ 30.5 m Terrace

+ 30.2 m
7

5m

M25
+ 25.2 m

5m

M25
+ 20.2 m

5m

M25
+ 15.2 m

5m

M25
+ 10.2 m

5m

M25
+ 5.2 m

4.1 m

M25
+ 1.1 m

+ 25.5 m Fifth Floor

5m
+ 20.5 m Fourth Floor
5m

5
y

+ 15.5 m Third Floor

5m

4
x

+ 10.5 m Second Floor

5m
+ 5.5 m First Floor
4m
0.10
0.60
0.80
0.90
0.10

300 600
2.5

+ 2.1 m Ground Floor

Plinth+ 0.0

600 600

Tie

1.1 m + 0.0 m

M25

Storey
numbers

(b) Part section A-A

(c) Part frame section

Figure 1 General lay-out of the Building.

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Design Example of a Building

1.1.

Data of the Example

The design data shall be as follows:

: 4.0 kN/m2 at typical floor

Live load

: 1.5 kN/m2 on terrace

Floor finish

: 1.0 kN/m2

Water proofing

: 2.0 kN/m2

Terrace finish

: 1.0 kN/m2

Location

: Vadodara city

Wind load

: As per IS: 875-Not designed for wind

load, since earthquake loads exceed the
wind loads.

Earthquake load

: As per IS-1893 (Part 1) - 2002

Depth of foundation below ground

: 2.5 m

Type of soil

: Type II, Medium as per IS:1893

Allowable bearing pressure

: 200 kN/m2

Average thickness of footing

: 0.9 m, assume isolated footings

Storey height

: Typical floor: 5 m, GF: 3.4 m

Floors

: G.F. + 5 upper floors.

Ground beams

: To be provided at 100 mm below G.L.

Plinth level

: 0.6 m

Walls

: 230 mm thick brick masonry walls

only at periphery.

Material Properties
Concrete
All components unless specified in design: M25 grade all
Ec = 5 000

f ck N/mm2 = 5 000

f ck MN/m2

= 25 000 N/mm 2 = 25 000 MN/m 2 .

For central columns up to plinth, ground floor and first floor: M30
grade
Ec = 5 000

f ck N/mm2 = 5 000

f ck MN/m2

= 27 386 N/mm 2 = 27 386 MN/m 2 .

Steel
HYSD reinforcement of grade Fe 415 confirming to IS: 1786 is used throughout.

1.2.

Geometry of the Building

The general layout of the building is shown in

Figure 1. At ground level, the floor beams FB are

IITK-GSDMA-EQ26-V3.0

not provided, since the floor directly rests on

ground (earth filling and 1:4:8 c.c. at plinth level)
and no slab is provided. The ground beams are

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Design Example of a Building

provided at 100 mm below ground level. The

numbering of the members is explained as below.
1.2.1.

Storey number

Storey numbers are given to the portion of the

building between two successive grids of beams.
For the example building, the storey numbers are
defined as follows:
Portion of the building

Storey no.

from upper to the lower part of the plan. Giving

90o clockwise rotation to the plan similarly marks
the beams in the perpendicular direction. To
floor-wise differentiate beams similar in plan (say
beam B5 connecting columns C6 and C7) in
various floors, beams are numbered as 1005,
2005, 3005, and so on. The first digit indicates the
storey top of the beam grid and the last three
digits indicate the beam number as shown in
general layout of Figure 1. Thus, beam 4007 is the
beam located at the top of 4th storey whose
number is B7 as per the general layout.

Foundation top Ground floor

Ground beams First floor

1.3.

First Floor Second floor

1.3.1. Unit load calculations

Assumed sizes of beam and column sections are:

Second floor Third floor

Third floor Fourth floor

Fourth floor Fifth floor

Fifth floor - Terrace

Gravity Load calculations

Columns: 500 x 500 at all typical floors

Area, A = 0.25 m2, I = 0.005208 m4
Columns: 600 x 600 below ground level
Area, A = 0.36 m2, I = 0.0108 m4

1.2.2.

Column number

In the general plan of Figure 1, the columns from

C1 to C16 are numbered in a convenient way from
left to right and from upper to the lower part of
the plan. Column C5 is known as column C5 from
top of the footing to the terrace level. However,
to differentiate the column lengths in different
stories, the column lengths are known as 105,
205, 305, 405, 505, 605 and 705 [Refer to Figure
2(b)]. The first digit indicates the storey number
while the last two digits indicate column number.
Thus, column length 605 means column length in
sixth storey for column numbered C5. The
columns may also be specified by using grid lines.

Main beams: 300 x 600 at all floors

Area, A = 0.18 m2, I = 0.0054 m4
Ground beams: 300 x 600
Area, A = 0.18 m2, I = 0.0054 m4
Secondary beams: 200 x 600

Member self- weights:

Columns (500 x 500)
0.50 x 0.50 x 25 = 6.3 kN/m
Columns (600 x 600)
0.60 x 0.60 x 25 = 9.0 kN/m
Ground beam (300 x 600)

1.2.3.

Floor beams (Secondary beams)

All floor beams that are capable of free rotation at

supports are designated as FB in Figure 1. The
reactions of the floor beams are calculated
manually, which act as point loads on the main
beams. Thus, the floor beams are not considered
as the part of the space frame modelling.
1.2.4.

Main beams number

Beams, which are passing through columns, are

termed as main beams and these together with the
columns form the space frame. The general layout
of Figure 1 numbers the main beams as beam B1
to B12 in a convenient way from left to right and

IITK-GSDMA-EQ26-V3.0

0.30 x 0.60 x 25 = 4.5 kN/m

Secondary beams rib (200 x 500)
0.20 x 0.50 x 25 = 2.5 kN/m
Main beams (300 x 600)
0.30 x 0.60 x 25 = 4.5 kN/m
Slab (100 mm thick)
0.1 x 25 = 2.5 kN/m2
Brick wall (230 mm thick)
0.23 x 19 (wall) +2 x 0.012 x 20 (plaster)
= 4.9 kN/m2
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Design Example of a Building

Floor wall (height 4.4 m)

4.4 x 4.9 = 21.6 kN/m

Main beams B1B2B3 and B10B11B12

Component

Ground floor wall (height 3.5 m)

3.5 x 4.9 = 17.2 kN/m

0.5 x 2.5 (5.5 +1.5)

6.9 + 1.9

0+0

4.9 + 0

4.9 + 0

11.8 + 1.9

4.9 + 0

kN/m

kN/m

Parapet

Terrace parapet (height 1.0 m)

1.0 x 4.9 = 4.9 kN/m

Total
Slab load calculations

Component

Terrace

Typical

(DL + LL)

(DL + LL)

Self (100 mm
thick)

2.5 + 0.0

2.5 + 0.0

Water
proofing

2.0 + 0.0

0.0 + 0.0

Floor finish

1.0 + 0.0

1.0 + 0.0

Live load

0.0 + 1.5

0.0 + 4.0

Total

5.5 + 1.5
kN/m2

3.5 + 4.0
kN/m2

Two point loads on one-third span points for

beams B2 and B11 of (61.1 + 14.3) kN from the
secondary beams.
Main beams B4B5B6, B7B8B9, B16
B17 B18 and B19B20B21
From slab
0.5 x 2.5 x (5.5 + 1.5)= 6.9 + 1.9 kN/m
Total= 6.9 + 1.9 kN/m
Two point loads on one-third span points for all
the main beams (61.1 + 14.3) kN from the
secondary beams.
Main beams B13B14B15 and B22B23B24
Component

1.3.3.

B2

From Slab

Ground floor wall (height 0.7 m)

0.7 x 4.9 = 3.5 kN/m

1.3.2.

B1-B3

Beam and frame load calculations:

B13 B15

B14

B22 B24

B23

----

6.9 + 1.9

Parapet

4.9 + 0

4.9 + 0

Total

4.9 + 0

11.8 + 1.9
kN/m

From Slab
0.5 x 2.5 (5.5 +1.5)

(1) Terrace level:

Floor beams:
From slab

kN/m

2.5 x (5.5 + 1.5)

13.8 + 3.8 kN/m

Self weight

2.5 + 0 kN/m

Total

= 16.3 + 3.8 kN/m

Two point loads on one-third span points for

beams B13, B15, B22 and B24 of (61.1+14.3)
kN from the secondary beams.

= 61.1 + 14.3 kN.

(2) Floor Level:

Reaction on main beam

0.5 x 7.5 x (16.3 + 3.8)

Floor Beams:
Note: Self-weights of main beams and columns
will not be considered, as the analysis software
will directly add them. However, in calculation
of design earthquake loads (section 1.5), these
will be considered in the seismic weight.

IITK-GSDMA-EQ26-V3.0

From slab
2.5 x (3.5 + 4.0)
Self weight
Total
Reaction on main beam
0.5 x 7.5 x (11.25 + 10.0)

=
=
=

8.75 + 10 kN/m
2.5 + 0 kN/m
11.25 + 10 kN/m

42.2 + 37.5 kN.

Page 7

Design Example of a Building

Main beams B1B2B3 and B10B11B12

Component

B1 B3

B2

Two point loads on one-third span points for

beams B13, B15, B22 and B24 of

From Slab
0.5 x 2.5 (3.5 + 4.0)

4.4 + 5.0

0+0

Wall

21.6 + 0

Total

26.0 + 5.0 21.6 + 0

kN/mkN/m

21.6 + 0

(42.2 +7.5) kN from the secondary beams.

(3) Ground level:
Outer beams: B1-B2-B3; B10-B11-B12; B13B14-B15 and B22-B23-B24
Walls: 3.5 m high
17.2 + 0 kN/m

Two point loads on one-third span points for

beams B2 and B11 (42.2 + 37.5) kN from the
secondary beams.

Inner beams: B4-B5-B6; B7-B8-B9; B16B17-B18 and B19-B20-B21

Walls: 0.7 m high

Main beams B4B5B6, B7B8B9, B16

B17B18 and B19B20B21

3.5 + 0 kN/m
Loading frames

From slab 0.5 x 2.5 (3.5 + 4.0) = 4.4 + 5.0 kN/m

Total

= 4.4 + 5.0 kN/m

Two point loads on one-third span points for all

the main beams (42.2 + 37.5) kN from the
secondary beams.
Main beams B13B14B15 and
B22B23B24

Component

B13 B15

B14

B22 B24

B23

----

4.4 + 5.0

From Slab
0.5 x 2.5 (3.5 + 4.0)
Wall

21.6 + 0

Total

21.6 +
kN/m

IITK-GSDMA-EQ26-V3.0

The loading frames using the above-calculated

beam loads are shown in the figures 2 (a), (b), (c)
and (d). There are total eight frames in the
building. However, because of symmetry, frames
A-A, B-B, 1-1 and 2-2 only are shown.

It may also be noted that since LL< (3/4) DL in

all beams, the loading pattern as specified by
Clause 22.4.1 (a) of IS 456:2000 is not necessary.
Therefore design dead load plus design live load
is considered on all spans as per recommendations
of Clause 22.4.1 (b). In design of columns, it will
be noted that DL + LL combination seldom
governs in earthquake resistant design except
where live load is very high. IS: 875 allows
reduction in live load for design of columns and
footings. This reduction has not been considered
in this example.

21.6 + 0
0 26.0 + 5.0
kN/m

Page 8

Design Example of a Building

61.1 + 14.3

61.1 + 14.3 kN

(11.8 + 1.9) kN/m

(11.8 + 1.9) kN/m

(4.9 + 0) kN/m
7002

7001
5m

702

701

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

7003

(26 + 5) kN/m

(26 + 5) kN/m
(21.6 + 0) kN/m
6002

6001
5m

601

602

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

6003

(26 + 5) kN/m
(21.6 + 0) kN/m
5002

5001
501

502

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

5003

(26 + 5) kN/m
(21.6 + 0) kN/m
4002

4001
401

402

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

4003

(26 + 5) kN/m
(21.6 + 0) kN/m
3002

3001
301

302

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

3003

(26 + 5) kN/m
(21.6 + 0) kN/m
2002

2001
201

202
(17.2 + 0) kN/m

1.1 m

2003
204

203
(17.2 + 0) kN/m

(17.2 + 0) kN/m

101

1001

102

1002

103

C1

B1

C2

B2

C3

7.5 m

304

303

(26 + 5) kN/m

4.1 m

404

403

(26 + 5) kN/m

5m

504

503

(26 + 5) kN/m

5m

604

603

(26 + 5) kN/m

5m

704

703

7.5 m

1003
B3

104
C4

7.5 m

Figure 2 (a) Gravity Loads: Frame AA

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Design Example of a Building

61.1+14.3

5m

5m

5m

5m

5m

4.1 m

705

605

505

405

305

205

61.1+14.3 kN

61.1+14.3

(6.9+1.9) kN/m
7004

61.1+14.3

(6.9+1.9) kN/m
7005
706

61.1+14.3 kN

(6.9+1.9) kN/m
7006
707

708

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
6004

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
6005

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
6006

606

607

608

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
5004

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
5005

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
5006

506

507

508

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
4004

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
4005

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
4006

406

407

408

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
3004

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
3005

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
3006

306

307

308

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
2004

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
2005

(4.4 + 5) kN/m
2006

206

(3.5 + 0) kN/m
1.1 m

61.1+14.3 kN

207

(3.5 + 0) kN/m

(3.5 + 0) kN/m

105

1004

106

1005

107

C5

B4

C6

B5

C7

7.5 m

208

7.5 m

1006
B6

108
C8

7.5 m

Figure 2(b) Gravity Loads: Frame BB

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Design Example of a Building

61.1 + 14.3 61.1 + 14.3 kN

61.1 + 14.3 61.1 + 14.3 kN

(4.9 + 0) kN/m
7013
5m

(11.8 + 1.9) kN/m

7014
709

713
42.2+37.5

42.2+37.5

(26 + 5) kN/m
6014
609

613
42.2+37.5

42.2+37.5

509
42.2+37.5

42.2+37.5

409
42.2+37.5

42.2+37.5

4.1 m

309
42.2+37.5

213

(17.2 + 0) kN/m
1.1 m

113
C 13

1013
B 13
7.5 m

301

305
42.2+37.5

209

42.2+37.5 kN

(21.6 + 0) kN/m
3015

42.2+37.5 kN

(21.6 + 0) kN/m
2013

401

405

(26 + 5) kN/m
3014

313

42.2+37.5 kN

(21.6 + 0) kN/m
4015

42.2+37.5 kN

(21.6 + 0) kN/m
3013
5m

501

505

(26 + 5) kN/m
4014

413

42.2+37.5 kN

(21.6 + 0) kN/m
5015

42.2+37.5 kN

(21.6 + 0) kN/m
4013
5m

601

605

(26 + 5) kN/m
5014

513

42.2+37.5 kN

(21.6 + 0) kN/m
6015

42.2+37.5 kN

(21.6 + 0) kN/m
5013
5m

701

705

42.2+37.5 kN

(21.6 + 0) kN/m
6013
5m

(4.9 + 0) kN/m
7015

(26 + 5) kN/m
2014

205

(17.2+ 0) kN/m
109

1014

C9

B 14

42.2+37.5 kN

(21.6 + 0) kN/m
2015

201

(17.2 + 0) kN/m
105

1015

101

C5

B 15

C1

7.5 m

7.5 m

Figure 2(c) Gravity Loads: Frame 1-1

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Design Example of a Building

61.1 + 14.3 61.1 + 14.3 kN

61.1 + 14.3

(6.9+1.9) kN/m
7016
5m

714

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

614

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

710

514

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

610

414

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

510

4.1 m

314

214

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

(4.4+5) kN/m
2016

410

114
C 14

1016
B 16
7.5 m

606

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

310

210

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

(4.4+5) kN/m
2017

506

C 10

1017
B 17

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

602

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

502

(4.4+5) kN/m
4018
406

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

402

(4.4+5) kN/m
3018
306

206

(3.5 + 0) kN/m
110

702

(4.4+5) kN/m
5018

(4.4+5) kN/m
3017

(3.5 + 0) kN/m
1.1 m

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

(4.4+5) kN/m
6018

(4.4+5) kN/m
4017

(4.4+5) kN/m
3016
5m

706

(4.4+5) kN/m
5017

(4.4+5) kN/m
4016
5m

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

61.1 + 14.3 kN

(6.9+1.9) kN/m
7018

(4.4+5) kN/m
6017

(4.4+5) kN/m
5016
5m

61.1 + 14.3

(6.9+1.9) kN/m
7017

(4.4+5) kN/m
6016
5m

61.1 + 14.3 kN

42.2+37.5 42.2+37.5 kN

(4.4+5) kN/m
2018

302

202

(3.5 + 0) kN/m
106

1018

102

C6

B 18

C2

7.5 m

7.5 m

Figure 2(d) Gravity Loads: Frame 2-2

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Design Example of a Building

1.4.
Seismic Weight Calculations
The seismic weights are calculated in a manner
similar to gravity loads. The weight of columns
and walls in any storey shall be equally
distributed to the floors above and below the
storey. Following reduced live loads are used for
analysis: Zero on terrace, and 50% on other floors
[IS: 1893 (Part 1): 2002, Clause 7.4)
(1) Storey 7 (Terrace):
From slab
Parapet

22.5 x 22.5 (5.5+0)

4 x 22.5 (4.9 + 0)

Walls 0.5 x 4 x 22.5 x

(21.6 + 0)
Secondary 18 x 7.5 x (2.5 + 0)
beams
Main8 x 22.5 x (4.5 + 0)
beams
Columns0.5 x 5 x 16 x
(6.3 + 0)
Total

DL + LL
2 784 + 0
441 + 0
972 + 0

252 + 0

Walls
Secondary
beams
Main
beams
Columns

22.5 x 22.5 x
(3.5 + 0.5 x 4)
4 x 22.5 x
(21.6 + 0)
18 x 7.5 x
(2.5 + 0)
8 x 22.5 x
(4.5 + 0)
16 x 5 x
(6.3 + 0)

Total

1 944 + 0
338 + 0
810 + 0
504+0
5 368 +1 013
= 6 381 kN

(3) Storey 2:
From slab
Walls
Walls

22.5 x 22.5 x
(3.5 + 0.5 x 4)
0.5 x 4 x 22.5 x
(21.6 + 0)
0.5 x 4 x 22.5 x
(17.2 + 0)

(4) Storey 1 (plinth):

Walls

0.5 x 4 x 22.5
(17.2 + 0)
0.5 x 4 x 22.5 x
(3.5 + 0)

Main
beams
Column

8 x 22.5 x
(4.5 + 0)
16 x 0.5 x 4.1 x
(6.3 + 0)
16 x 0.5 x 1.1 x
(9.0 + 0)

Total

DL + LL
1 772 + 1 013

DL + LL
774 + 0
158 + 0

810 + 0
206 + 0
79 + 0
2 027 + 0
= 2 027 kN

Seismic weight of the entire building

5 597 + 0
= 5 597 kN

DL + LL
1 772 + 1 013

459 + 0
5 125 +1 013
= 6 138 kN

338 + 0
810 + 0

16 x 0.5 x (5 +
4.1) x (6.3 + 0)

Total

Walls

(2) Storey 6, 5, 4, 3:
From slab

Columns

= 5 597 + 4 x 6 381 + 6 138 + 2 027

= 39 286 kN
The seismic weight of the floor is the lumped
weight, which acts at the respective floor
level at the centre of mass of the floor.
1.5.

Design Seismic Load

The infill walls in upper floors may contain large

openings, although the solid walls are considered
in load calculations. Therefore, fundamental time
period T is obtained by using the following
formula:

Ta = 0.075 h0.75
[IS 1893 (Part 1):2002, Clause 7.6.1]
= 0.075 x (30.5)0.75
= 0.97 sec.

Zone factor, Z = 0.16 for Zone III

972 + 0
774 + 0

IS: 1893 (Part 1):2002, Table 2

Importance factor, I = 1.5 (public building)
Medium soil site and 5% damping

Secondary
beams
Main
beams

18 x 7.5 x
(2.5 + 0)
8 x 22.5 x
(4.5 + 0)

IITK-GSDMA-EQ26-V3.0

338 + 0
810 + 0

S a 1.36
== 1.402
g 0.97
IS: 1893 (Part 1): 2002, Figure 2.

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Design Example of a Building

Table1. Distribution of Total Horizontal

Load to Different
Storey Wi
(kN)

Wihi2
-3
x10

hi
(m)
5m

7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Total

5 597
6 381
6 381
6 381
6 381
6 138
2 027

30.2
25.2
20.25m
15.2
10.2
5.2
1.1
5m

1.5.1.

Mass centre
Floor
Levels
( Centre
of stiffness)

5 105
4 052
2 604
1 474
664
166
3
14 068

480 kN

Qi
=

Wi h i2

Design eccentricity is given by

540 kNm

edi = 1.5 esi + 0.05 bi or

Vi
(kN)

esi 0.05 bi

Wi h i2

x VB
(kN)
380 kN
480
380
244
138
62
244 kN
16
0
1 320

IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002, Clause 7.9.2.

428 kNm

480
860
1 104
1 242
1 304275 kNm
1 320
1 320

155 kNm

138 kN

S a 1.36
== 1.402
5m
g 0.97
IS: 1893 (Part 1): 2002, Figure 2.

70 kNm

62 kN

5m
Ductile detailing is assumed
for the structure.
Hence, Response Reduction Factor, R, is taken
equal to 5.0.
16 kN

Ah =

Z
2

I
R

Sa

1.1 m

0.16 1.5
1.402 = 0.0336=
25

Base shear, VB = Ah W

0.05 bi = 0.05 x 22.5 = 1.125 m.

Thus the load is eccentric by 1.125 m from mass
centre. For the purpose of our calculations,
eccentricity from centre of stiffness shall be
calculated. Since the centre of mass and the centre
of stiffness coincide in the present case, the
eccentricity from the centre of stiffness is also
1.125 m.

Accidental eccentricity can be on either side (that

is, plus or minus). Hence, one must consider
lateral force Qi acting at the centre of stiffness
accompanied by a clockwise or an anticlockwise
torsion moment (i.e., +1.125 Qi kNm or -1.125 Qi
kNm).
Forces Qi acting at the centres of stiffness and
respective torsion moments at various levels for
the example building are shown in Figure 3.

0 kNm

0 kN

For the present case, since the building is

symmetric, static eccentricity, esi = 0.

18 kNm

It may be noted however, that ductile detailing is

mandatory in Zones III,4.1IV
m and V.
Hence,

Accidental eccentricity:

Note that
m the building structure is identical along
22 and Z- directions, and hence, the
the X.5
fundamental time period and the earthquake
forces are the same in the two directions.

22.5 m

All columns not shown for clarity

Figure not to the scale

= 0.0336 x 39 286
= 1 320 kN.
Figure 3
Accidental Eccentricity Inducing Torsion in the Building
The total horizontal load of 1 320 kN is now
distributed along the height of the building as per
clause 7.7.1 of IS1893 (Part 1): 2002. This
distribution is shown in Table 1.

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