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Studies,
1997
the
type of Hindu
divine-human
"path
embodiment
in our
state
of abiding
mentioned
practice.
relationship
is a path
is most often
is understood
One can
as experienced
leading
present
toward
define
from
world
with
into
English
as
especially
in the
to be one
major
that
bhakti
the human
liberation
imperfect
communion
translated
Bhaktimarga
of devotion,"
spiritual
bhaktimarga
SEKIDO
is the
side.',
The
and
the
a personally
attainment
of a
conceived
ultimate
generally
recognize
reality. 2'
Modern historical
some traces
of bhaktism
The present
are primitive,
to Indian
present
admits
the
early,
is expressed
historical
form of purified
mind (pasanna-citta);
faith"
terms
is peculiarly
of Buddhist
as mentioned
devotional
Upan-
of the epics
which
respectively."
Buddhistic.
the
unity
Faith
of faith
appears
in the
and wisdom
is
belief 5'.
came
of bhaktism,
prasada
Bhakti,
sections
process
bhaktism
with the
bhakti). Of these,
characteristic
in large
the Bhagavadgita.3'
writer
Deep significance
religion
see it strikingly
notably
in Buddhism
approaches
to be used more
the meaning
frequently
with
of "dif inately
the lapse of
times'.
Although
the term
bhakti
is seldom mentioned
of bhaktism
1015
in buddhist
in Buddhist literature,
belief.
The evidences
A Study
of Buddhist
Bhaktism
(N. -SEKIDO)
( 29 )
Buddhism,
aracter and is endowed with superhuman powers. The Jatakas of Theravada give place to the Avadanas or the glorious achievement of Buddha
and his follower;. So far as the Esoteric Buddhism concerned, there is
practically nothing to distinguish it from the religion of Hinduism".
On the Esoteric Buddhism, let us listen to Benoytosh Bhattacharya10 .
According to him, the Buddhist Tantras in outward appearance resemble
the Hindu Tantras to a marked degree but in reality there is very little
similarity between them, either in subject matter or in philosophical
doctorines inculcated in them, or in religious principles. This is not to
be wondered at, since the aims and objects of the Buddhists are widely
different from those of the Hindus. He is right. For instance, it is the
Mahavairocana-sutra,
tad etat sarvajna-jnanamkaruna-mulambodhicitta-hetukam upayaparyavasanam
iti11'
We say Vajrayana "Diamond Vehicle", later called Tantric Buddhism
also, is Esoteric Buddhism. This is highly sophysticated Buddhism. There
are the Mahavairocana-sutra, the Diamond Peak Sutra, Prajnaparamitanaya or Adhyardhasatika Prajnaparamita
and so on.
( 30 )
A Study
of Buddhist
Bhaktism
(N. SEKIDO)
A Study
of Buddhist
Bhaktism
(N.
SEKIDO)
( 31 )
Hindu Tantras.
Therefore
satya-satya-parivarta,
chap. 5
said earlier,
who express
being,
a devotion
especially
Vishnu,
after
when
Buddha,
this
embraace
the
earthly
life.
They
Within
stories
ecstatic
brings
as is dramatically
image at Dvark,
Oriya tradition
in Puri,
To understand
woman
familiar
spiritual
differ
physical
saint
experience
in the stories
saints
Mira
Bai,
both
alien.
Many features
popular aspects
has incorporated
We may
to the local
partially
appealed
only extant
Bhakti-sataka.
example
connected
This consists
devotional
1012
to and
Western
or even
it is called the
of Hindu bhakti
with
of Jagannatha.
we need to remember
has
of
Similar
absorbed
who, according
to us. Bhakti
body
of perceived
unionn
as to whether
moments
incarnation,
and of Caitanya,
was absorbed
an alien
experiences
image
Rajpat
Krishna,
supreme-being's
Bhaktas
Krishna's
similar
union
as
however,
Permanent
with merely
for the
selves.
devotee's
this life,
the merger
Alvar
yearn
to the supreme-
is conceived
dissatisfied
is possible.
attachment
supreme-being
are sometimes
kta's
of passionate
Land
to Buddhist
of lo7 verses,
faith
Buddhism
Bhaktism,
which
is the
related to Bhaktism,
( 32 )
particularly
the
Later
Bhaktism
which
the
(N. SEKIDO)
present
author
called
earlier
paper.
In
this
popular
rivival
work
faith
Sri
in
Rama
Siwa,
in Srilanka
has
Candrabharati
Vishnu,
something
Brahma
(c.1200-1250),
etc.
to do with
It
this
is likely
poetical
criticized
that
the
Buddhist
work.
1)
2)
Var-
3)
pp. 79-86. , Akinobu Watanabe, Buddhist Seminar, No. 13, May 1971, pp. 51-68.
Loyalty (bhakti, sneha, anuraga) to Lords in India, discussed by Minoru
Hara, Suzuki Nenpo, No. 8, 1971, pp. 70-88.
7)
8)
9)
Stupa-worshipping
must be related to Bhaktism,
Sir Charles Eliot, "Hinduim and Buddhism", vol. in. London,
Thomas, "History of Buddhist Thought", London, 1933.
10)
Benoytosh
Bhattacharya,
"An Introduction
p. 47.
11) Kamalasila's quotations, Shunkyo Katsumata,
Esoteric Buddhism", Shun ju-sha, 1970.
12)
"Anti-Esoteric
Buddhism",
to Buddhist
"Japanese
1954. , E.J.
Esoterism",
1932,
Development
of the
1987, p. 249.
1011