Failure Report October 11 To September 12

REPORT
ON
FAILURE OF
220 KV AND ABOVE VOLTAGE CLASS
SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT
CENTRAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY

MINISTRY OF POWER
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
NEW DELHI
NOVEMBER, 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Subject
Pages
Introduction
Substation equipment failures reported between October

2011 and September 2012
3-26
Summary of Substation equipment failures reported

during meeting held on 30.10.2012
27-30
Minutes of meeting of Standing Committee held on

30.10.2012
31-33
Order constituting Standing Committee
34-35
-1-
1.0
Introduction
In order to investigate the failure of 220 kV and above substation equipment
and recommend measures to avert recurrence, a Standing Committee under
Section 73, Clause(1) of the Electricity Act, 2003, comprising experts in the
field of design and operation of EHV Substations from CEA, various power
utilities and research/academic institutes was constituted. As part of such
activity, CEA has received between October, 2011 and 30th September, 2012,
failure reports in respect of following equipments from various utilities:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)
100 MVA, 220/66/11 kV Power Transformer at 220 kV Rohini

substation, Delhi
16.67 MVAR, single phase, 400 kV Bus Reactor (Y-phase) at 400 kV
Amreli substation, Gujarat
125 MVA, 220/132 kV Power Transformer at Bhatapara substation,
Raipur (C.G.)
220 kV SF6 Current Transformer at 400/220/132 kV Meramundali
Substation, Odisha
20 MVA, single phase, 11/220/3 kV Generator Transformer of 4x50
MW Kopili Hydro Power Station of NEEPCO, Assam
230 kV Capacitor Voltage Transformer (Y-phase) at 230 kV Cuddalore
substation, Tamilnadu
230 kV Capacitor Voltage Transformer (Y-phase) at 230 kV Trichy
16.67 MVAR, single phase, 400 kV Bus Reactor (B-phase) at 400 kV
Amreli substation, Gujarat
220 kV Current Transformer (B-phase) at 220 kV Warora substation,
Maharashtra
220 kV Current Transformer (B-phase) at 220 kV Warora substation,
Maharashtra
220 kV Lightning Arrester (R-phase) at 220 kV Wardha substation,
Maharashtra
220 kV Coupling Capacitor (B-phase) at 220 kV Butibori TSS,
Maharashtra
400 kV Lightning Arrester (B-phase) at 400 kV Chandrapur substation,
Maharashtra
400 kV Current Transformer at 500 kV HVDC Terminal station
Chandrapur, Maharashtra
100 MVA, 220/33 kV Power Transformer at 220 kV Indraprastha
substation, Delhi
400 kV Lightning Arrester (B-phase) at 400 kV Alamathy substation,
Chennai, Tamil Nadu
230 kV Capacitor Voltage Transformer (B-phase) at 230 kV
Villupuram substation, Tamilnadu
Salient features of each of the substations and analysis of failure of equipment

are detailed in pages 3 to 26, incorporating the views of the Standing
Committee noted in its meeting held on 30th October, 2012. During the
meeting TANTRANSCO, Tamil Nadu, submitted brief information on 19
-2-
more cases of substation equipment failure of 220 kV and above. A summary

statement on these 19 failures is contained in pages 27 to 30. The minutes of
the meeting are at pages 31-33. The analysis of some failures remains partial
due to non-submission of details by the respective utilities or absence of the
utilities in the meeting of the Standing Committee.
2.0
Failure of 100 MVA, 220/66/11 kV Power Transformer-III at 220 kV

Rohini substation, Delhi
Name of Substation
220 kV Rohini substation, Delhi
Utility/Owner of substation
Delhi Transco Ltd. (DTL)
Faulty Equipment
Power Transformer-III
Rating
100 MVA, 220/66-33/11 kV
Make
Crompton Greaves Ltd. (CGL)
Sr. No.
BH8930/1
Year of manufacturing
2003
Year of commissioning
2004 (31st March)
Date
and
time
of :
occurrence/discovery of fault
17.10.11; 18:45 Hrs.
10
Information received in CEA
October 2011
11
Fault discovered during
Operation
12
Present
condition
of :
equipment
Details
of
previous :
maintenance
Replaced
13
14
Details of previous failure
15
Sequence
of
events/ :
-3-
Last measurements of capacitance and

tan delta of bushings and windings of
transformer were carried out on 24.11.10
and results were found satisfactory.
Last DGA test of oil was carried out on
17.03.11 and no abnormality was
observed; BDV was 70 kV.
Magnetic balance test and measurement
of magnetizing current, IR value and
transformer earthing resistance were
performed on 19.08.11 and results were
found satisfactory.
None
Description of fault
On 17.10.11 at 18:45 hrs transformer III tripped alongwith operation of
following protection systems:
a. Differential protection (87)
b. Bucholz trip (30A)
c. Bucholz alarm (30D)
d. Master relay (86A & 86B)
On-duty operation staff rushed to the yard and found fire at 100 MVA
transformer-III. The staff used all available fire extinguishers to put down the
fire but fire could not be controlled because of very high intensity. The fire
was brought under control by fire tenders used by fire brigade personnel.
The status of load shared by all 4 nos. 100 MVA transformers prior to this
incidence is as under:
a. 2 nos. transformers connected to 220 kV bus-I were running in parallel
and 68 MW load was being fed by each.
b. Other 2 nos. transformers connected to 220 kV bus-II were running in
parallel feeding 56 MW (transformer-III) and 52 MW (transformer-IV)
load.
16
Details of Tests done after :

failure
17
Conclusion/recommendations :
As the transformer had completely

burned, tests could not be performed
after failure.
Last test results of Oil DGA, capacitance and tan delta prior to the fault do not
indicate any abnormality in the oil, winding or bushing. Magnetic balance test
and measurement of IR value, magnetizing current and transformer earthing
performed on 19.08.11 were also satisfactory.
Operation of differential protection, master relay and bucholz relay indicates
occurrence of fault inside tank. It is understood that the transformer-III has
completely been damaged due to fire and is beyond repair.
Most substations of DTL are running overloaded. It is recommended to reduce
the load as a short term measure and provide additional transformation
capacity as a long term measure. DTL must install High Velocity Water Spray
System or Nitrogen based Fire Protection System at their substations as soon
as possible.
3.0
Failure of 16.67 MVAR, single phase, 400 kV Bus Reactor (Y-phase) at

400 kV Amreli substation, Gujarat
Name of Substation
Gujarat Energy Transmission Corp. Ltd.

(GETCO)
-4-
Faulty Equipment
Bus Reactor (Y-phase)
Rating
16.67 MVAR, single phase, 400 kV
Make
Sr. No.
24527
1985
Reactor was earlier commissioned at

Jetpur as line reactor on Asoj line. It was
re-commissioned at Amreli as bus
reactor on 21.12.2000.
Date
and
time
of :
07.12.11; 02:57 Hrs.
10
26.12.11
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
equipment
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
15
Sequence
of
of :
previous :
events/ :
-5-
Awaiting repair/replacement
Periodical
maintenance
(i.e.
measurement of IR value, cleaning of
bushings and clamp connectors, bucholz
trip test, WTI/OTI alarm/trip test,
replacement of silica gel, observing oil
level of bushing and conservator tank
etc.) was being carried out since
commissioning.
Thermo graphical inspection for clamps
& connectors of reactor was carried out
on 19.11.11 and no hot spots were
observed.
reactor were carried out on 07.12.10 and
results were found satisfactory. DGA
test of oil was carried out on 20.09.10
and no abnormality was observed.
IR value and PI were measured on
02.04.11 and found satisfactory.
No history of faults
All control cables for Y-phase Bus Reactor were found burnt and damaged.
HV bushing of the reactor blasted and fire took place. Radiator bank was
found de-shaped and collapsed due to heat. Emulsifier pipe line for reactor
got damaged. Post Insulator connected adjacent to the reactor also got
damaged. LA connected in Y-phase was flamed and its surge counter was
damaged.
B-phase reactors WTI, OTI with cable and breather and emulsifier pipe line
got damaged and top portion of HV bushing got flamed.
R-phase reactors top plate gasket got damaged and minor oil leakage was
found. Its neutral bushing was found intact but its cable and collar were found
damaged. Associated 400 kV LAs bottom portion was found damaged.
Following protection systems had operated:
a. Restricted Earth Fault (REF) protection
b. Bucholz trip (R,Y & B phase)
c. Pressure Relief Valve (PRV) trip (Y-phase)
High winding and oil temperature was recorded in Y-phase Reactor.
16

failure
17
Information not available
Last test results of Oil DGA, capacitance and tan delta prior to the fault do not
indicate any abnormality in the oil, winding or bushing. IR value and
Polarization index of Y-phase reactor measured on 02.04.11 were also
satisfactory.
Operation of REF, bucholz and PRV indicates occurrence of fault inside tank.
LV tests (magnetizing current test, magnetic balance test, and turn ratio test
etc.) may be carried out on reactor after replacing the damaged bushings,
cables and LA. Oil may be tested for DGA and BDV.
Internal inspection may be carried out at site and its condition may be
assessed. If possible, the reactor may be repaired at site as per prevailing
practices and periodic maintenance schedule may be continued.
4.0
Failure of 125 MVA, 220/132 kV Power Transformer at Bhatapara

substation, Raipur (C.G.)
Name of Substation
220/132/33 kV Bhatapara substation,

Raipur, Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh State Power Transmission

Company Ltd.
-6-
Faulty Equipment
Power Transformer
Rating
125 MVA, 220/132/11 kV; YNyao11
Make
Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL),

Bhopal
Sr. No.
600447
1982
1984 (14th April)
01.01.12; 02:40 Hrs.
10
Date
and
time
of :
Information received in CEA :
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
equipment
of :
Replaced
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
15
Sequence
of
previous :
03.04.12
On 05.11.11, IR value & PI test, Oil

BDV test, Oil DGA, magnetizing
current test and magnetic balance test
were conducted and found OK.
Did not fail; however, transformer
tripped many times during its service
life (differential tripping -9 nos., bucholz
tripping-3 nos., overcurrent indication
HV side-11 nos.; LV side 3 nos.,
earthfault tripping-6 nos., Oil surge
Relay
tripping-2
nos.,
without
indication-4 nos.)
events/ :
At 220kV S/S Bhatapara, on 31/12/2011 at 21:35 hrs. 40MVA, 132/33 kV

transformer tripped on differential relay operation. Alongwith, following three
nos. 220/132 kV transformers of this S/S also tripped from 132 kV side:
(a) 125 MVA transformer-I(BHEL make): 132 kV side B phase overcurrent
relay operated
(b) 125 MVA transformer-II (GEC make): 132kV side R phase overcurrent
relay operated
(c) 160 MVA transformer: 132 kV side R phase overcurrent relay operated
These trippings were associated with bursting of B-phase 132 kV Lightning
-7-
Arrester and Y pole of 132 kV Circuit Breaker of 40MVA transformer bay.

160 MVA transformer & 125 MVA transformer-I were charged on the same
day at 22:16 hrs and 22:18 hrs respectively and they stood OK.
At 02:40 hrs on 01/01/2012, R phase LA of 132 kV Akaltara feeder burst
causing tripping of the feeder with indication R-N Zone-1 in Distance relay.
Simultaneously, 132 kV Railway Traction I feeder tripped with E/F
indication and 125 MVA transformer-I tripped from both side after bucholz
alarm & Trip relay on 220 kV side and master relay on 132 kV side operated.
It was raining heavily and atmosphere temperature was down to 15oC.
At 02:45 hrs 132 kV railway traction-I feeder was charged and it stood OK.
At around 08:30 hrs, bucholz alarm and trip arrived in 220kV control panel of
this transformer. It is to mention here that the transformer was off (out of
circuit) at that time. After the rain stopped, shutdown was taken on the
transformer. While trying to release the air/gas from bucholz relay, it was
observed that there was vacuum inside it and it was sucking air from outside.
Its conservator was also empty. Approximately 800 1trs oil was topped up in
the transformer. At 02:50 hrs on 02/01/2012 this transformer was charged
from 220kV side and it tripped with differential trip indication.
Complete testing of the transformer was carried out after this.
Abnormalities observed in B-phase in Magnetizing Current Test, Magnetic
Balance Test, Frequency Response Analysis and Turns Ratio Test. The
transformer was declared defective.
16

failure
17
Oil BDV test, insulation resistance test,

ratio test, magnetic balance test,
magnetizing current test and FRA
Transformer body and all accessories are intact. Excessive magnetizing

current in B-phase, abnormal results in magnetic balance test and turns ratio
test indicate some internal problem in B-phase HV winding. The transformer
has served for 27 years and 8 months. Due to ageing winding insulation might
have deteriorated and some surge got through to the winding after bursting of
LA. The test reports were forwarded to BHEL for examination. As per their
opinion also there is some problem in B-phase winding. Layer type winding
design was adopted by BHEL for this transformer manufacture and this design
has now become obsolete; facilities for repairing the winding are not
available.
-8-
5.0
Failure of 220 kV SF6 Current Transformer at Meramundali substation,

Odisha
Name of Substation
400/220/132 kV grid
Meramundali, Odisha
Orissa Power Transmission Corporation

Ltd.
Faulty Equipment
SF6 Current Transformer (CT) in 220

kV Kaniha-I bay (bay-15)
Rating
220 kV
Make
Siemens
Sr. No.
10509002
2009
2010 (16th March)
Date
and
time
of :
15.02.12; 17:13 Hrs.
10
03.04.12
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
equipment
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
Details of Previous failure
15
Sequence
of
of :
previous :
substation,
Replaced with new oil filled CT of

Areva make
Nil
Nil
events/ :
On 15.02.12 at 17:13 Hrs 220 kV Meramundali-Kaniha ckt-I tripped

alongwith tripping of 315 MVA, 400/220kV ICT-II and 220 kV Kaniha cktII. Then at 18:20 Hrs on same day charging of 220 kV Kaniha ckt-I was
attempted from Meramundali end but the line did not hold.
During inspection of the equipments in Kaniha ckt-I feeder, it was observed
that SF6 gas inside the R-phase CT of the feeder had leaked out by rupturing
the top diaphragm. SF6 pointer in density monitor was at maximum level.
Since SF6 loss alarm was found open, there was no alarm, after leakage of
gas, in the control room. Blacking was found at earth flat connection point.
-9-
Faulty CT was replaced with a new CT and the feeder was charged
successfully on 23.02.12 at 17:03 Hrs.
16

failure
17
Visual inspection, IR test, ratio test and

secondary continuity test were done.
Results of tests found satisfactory.
It is assumed that SF6 loss alarm would have been left open accidentally
because of which no alarm signal was heard by operating staff in the control
room. Continuous monitoring of SF6 gas is required and periodical
maintenance should be done.
6.0
Failure of 20 MVA, single phase, 11/220/3 kV Generator Transformer of

4x50 MW Kopili Hydro Power, Assam
Name of Substation
4x50 MW Kopili Hydro Power Station

Switchyard, Dima Hasao, Assam
North
Eastern
Electric
Corporation Ltd. (NEEPCO)
Faulty Equipment
Generator Transformer (GT)
Rating
20 MVA, single phase, 11/220/3 kV
Make
Sr. No.
24115
1980
1988
Date
and
time
of :
21.02.12; 20:02 Hrs.
10
29.03.12
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
equipment
of :
Replaced
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
previous :
:
- 10 -
Power
Insulating oil was tested in CPRI on

25.10.2011 and was found OK.
None
15
Sequence
of
events/ :
On 21/02/12, Kopli Unit IV machine was synchronized with the grid at 16:30
hrs. The unit was generating at 49 MW load as per schedule. But the machine
tripped at 20:02 hrs with the following fascia indications:
1. GT A phase bucholz alarm
2. GT A phase bucholz operated
3. Excitation Equipment Stage I
The following relays operated:
1. Trip relay 86A, 86B, 86C
2. GT A phase bucholz trip realy 83GTX
3. GT differential A Ph 87 GTA
The unit was kept under shutdown for detailed investigations since tripping.
On 22.02.12, both the generator transformers of Phase-A & C were
disconnected from bus duct (11kV side) and HV side.
On checking Phase-A of GT, the following were observed:
(a) Accumulation of gas was observed in bucholz relay
(b) Oil level in conservator dropped to almost empty mark
(c) Oil leakage from two nos. of heat exchanger cooler tube
16

failure
17
Oil BDV test, insulation resistance test,

ratio test and magnetizing current test
This GT has failed for the first time since its commissioning in year 1988. It
has served for about 24 years without giving any trouble.
Operation of differential relay indicates internal fault in GT and operation of
bucholz relay indicates formation of gases inside GT. Results of tests done
after failure indicate deterioration of insulation resistance and insulating oil.
Since the GT was commissioned in 1988, ageing may also be one of the
reasons for insulation deterioration. GT may be opened after consultation with
manufacturer and its condition from inside may be assessed for whether it
could be repaired.
There is no oil and water differential pressure gauge in the cooler line, which
had been removed by NEEPCO due to its malfunctioning and which may have
allowed the water to enter in the oil line and consequently damaged the
windings. It is recommended that the same be reinstalled.
Water being used for the cooling system has very low PH value and because
of this corrosion takes place in the water tubes and metal parts of the heat
exchanger resulting in tube failure. Periodical maintenance is recommended
for heat exchanger tubes.
- 11 -
Repairing may be done, if found economical on the basis of benefit cost

analysis.
If windings are to be replaced at site, the same needs to be done as per
manufacturers recommended practices.
Periodic maintenance of Generator Transformer using diagnostic tools is
recommended.
7.0
Failure of Y-phase, 230 kV Capacitor Voltage Transformer (CVT) at 230

kV Cuddalore substation, Tamilnadu
Name of Substation
230/110 kV
Tamilnadu
Tamilnadu Transmission Corp. Ltd.

(TANTRANSCO)
Faulty Equipment
CVT (Y-phase)
Rating
230 kV/110 V
Make
Sr. No.
9701/1997
1997
1998 (28th February)
Date
and
time
of :
30.03.12; 18:45 Hrs.
10
16.04.12
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
equipment
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
15
Sequence
of
of :
previous :
Cuddalore
substation,
Replacement under process

Megger value was 500 M measured
on 12.03.12
Nil
events/ :
In CVT connected in 230 kV Neyveli feeder, heavy sound and smoke was
- 12 -
detected at about 18:45 hrs on 30.03.12. On inspection, the CVT got flashed
over and loop jumper between CVT and wave trap got released from CVT
point and hung near by the wave trap support insulator without tripping the
feeder. Oil leakage in CVT was also noticed.
16

failure
17
CVT burst out so it was not possible to

conduct any test after failure.
Since no protection operated, it is difficult to pin point any particular reason

for failure of CVT. However, ageing may be one of the reasons. Periodic
condition monitoring with the use of various diagnostic tools is recommended
for all substation equipment.
8.0
Failure of Y-phase, 230 kV Capacitor Voltage Transformer (CVT) at 230

kV Trichy substation, Tamilnadu
Name of Substation
230/110
kV
Tamilnadu

(TANTRANSCO)
Faulty Equipment
CVT (Y-phase)
Rating
230 kV/110 V
Make
HBB
Sr. No.
IB048299
1984 (9th March)
Date
and
time
of :
28.02.12; 17:48 Hrs.
10
16.04.12
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
equipment
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
of :
previous :
:
- 13 -
Trichy
substation,
15
Sequence
of
events/ :
230 kV CVT was connected in Trichy-Alundur-II feeder. On 28.02.12,CVT

suddenly burst out and oil spurt out with fire surrounding it. The porcelain
petticoats were broken into pieces. No protection operated and no tripping
took place. The associated breaker was hand tripped at both ends since the
feeder was in tied condition. The faulty CVT was removed and feeder was
charged without CVT.
16

failure
17
CVT burst out so it was not possible to

Since no protection operated, it is difficult to pin point any particular reason

for failure of CVT. Since CVT was in service for about 28 years, ageing may
be one of the reasons for failure. Periodic condition monitoring with the use of
various diagnostic tools is recommended for all substation equipment.
9.0
Failure of 16.67 MVAR, single phase, 400 kV Bus Reactor (B-phase) at

Name of Substation
Gujarat Energy Transmission Corp. Ltd.

(GETCO)
Faulty Equipment
Bus Reactor (B-phase)
Rating
16.67 MVAR, single phase, 400 kV
Make
Sr. No.
24530
1985
Reactor was earlier commissioned at

Jetpur as line reactor on Asoj line. It was
recommissioned at Amreli as bus reactor
on 21.12.2000.
Date
and
time
of :
19.03.12; 23:42 Hrs.
10
12.06.12
11
Operation
- 14 -
12
Present
condition
equipment
of :
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
15
Sequence
of
previous :
Periodical
maintenance
(i.e.
measurement of IR value, cleaning of
bushings and clamp connectors, bucholz
trip test, PRV trip test, WTI/OTI
alarm/trip test, replacement of silica gel,
observing oil level of bushing and
conservator tank etc.) was being carried
out since commissioning.
reactor
and DGA test of oil were
carried out on 01.03.12 and results were
found satisfactory.
Top cover gasket, HV bushing, damaged
cables, WTI & OTI were replaced; oil
was filtered and all routine tests and
tripping tests were carried out on
05.03.12.
events/ :
All control cables for B-phase Bus Reactor were found burnt and damaged.
HV bushing of the reactor blasted and fire took place. Emulsifier pipe line for
reactor got damaged. Post Insulator connected adjacent to the reactor also got
damaged. Surge counter of LA connected in Y-phase was damaged.
Following protection systems had operated:
a. Restricted Earth Fault (REF) protection
b. Bucholz trip (R,Y & B phase)
c. Pressure Relief Valve (PRV) trip
High winding and oil temperature was recorded in B-phase Reactor.
16

failure
17
Last test results of Oil DGA, capacitance and tan delta prior to
not indicate any abnormality in the oil, winding or bushing.
value in B-phase showed decrease in value from 2945 M
02.04.11 to 1270 M measured on 07.12.11. IR value in
registered 1460 M on 29.02.12.
- 15 -
the fault does

However, IR
measured on
B-phase was
Operation of REF, bucholz and PRV indicates occurrence of fault inside tank.
LV test may be carried out on reactor after replacing the damaged bushings,
cables and LA. Oil may be tested for DGA and BDV.
Internal inspection may be carried out at site and its condition may be
assessed. If possible, the reactor may be repaired at site as per prevailing
practices and periodic maintenance schedule may be continued.
10.0
Failure of B-phase, 220 kV Current Transformer (CT) at 220 kV Warora

substation, Maharashtra
Name of Substation
220 kV Warora substation, Maharashtra
Maharashtra
State
Electricity
Transmission Co. Ltd. (MSETCL)
Faulty Equipment
CT (B-phase) in Warora-Chandrapur
feeder
Rating
220 kV; 1200-600/1 A
Make
M/s Universal Magnoflux Ltd., Indore
Sr. No.
12768
2008
Date
and
time
of :
08.02.12; 18:39 Hrs.
10
09.05.12
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
equipment
of :
Replaced
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
15
Sequence
of
previous :
events/ :
220 kV CT was connected in Warora-Chandrapur feeder. At 18:39 hrs on

08.02.12, B-phase CT suddenly burst out with fire surrounding it. All 10 core
- 16 -
control cables from R,Y&B phase CT to CT marshalling box got damaged

due to fire.
16
17

failure
CT burst out so it was not possible to

No additional information was provided by the utility in spite of reminders.

Hence no concrete reason may be ascertained for failure. However, periodic
11.0
Failure of B-phase, 220 kV Current Transformer (CT) at 220 kV Warora

Name of Substation
220 kV Warora substation, Maharashtra
Maharashtra
State
Electricity
Faulty Equipment
CT (B-phase) associated with 50 MVA,

220/66 kV Transformer-I
Rating
220 kV; 800-400/1-1-1-1-1 A
Make
M/s ABB
Sr. No.
ID 220820
1999
Date
and
time
of :
26.07.11; 01:15 Hrs.
10
09.05.12
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
equipment
of :
Replaced
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
15
Sequence
of
previous :
events/ :
- 17 -
220 kV CT was connected in B-phase of HV side of 50 MVA, 220/66 kV

Transformer-I. At 01:15 hrs on 26.07.11, B-phase CT suddenly burst out.
Load was shifted to other transformer.
16

failure
17


12.0
Failure of R-phase, 220 kV Lightning Arrester (LA) at 220 kV Wardha

Name of Substation
220 kV Wardha substation, Maharashtra
Maharashtra
State
Electricity
Faulty Equipment
LA (R-phase) associated with 50 MVA,

220/66 kV Transformer-I
Rating
220 kV; 1200-600/1 A
Make
M/s Elpro
Sr. No.
A-0428-83-1895
1975
Date
and
time
of :
05.10.11; 07:17 Hrs.
10
09.05.12
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
equipment
of :
Replaced
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
previous :
:
- 18 -
15
Sequence
of
events/ :
At 07:17 hrs on 05.10.11, R-phase LA associated with 50 MVA, 220/66 kV

Transformer-I burst. Simultaneously, 220 kV feeders CBs not tripped at
Wardha end but remote end CBs tripped.
16

failure
17
LA burst out so it was not possible to


Hence no concrete reason may be ascertained for failure. However, since CVT
was in service for about 36 years, ageing may be one of the reasons for failure.
Periodic condition monitoring with the use of various diagnostic tools is
recommended for all substation equipment.
13.0
Failure of B-phase, 220 kV Coupling Capacitor at 220 kV Butibori TSS,

Maharashtra
Name of Substation
220 kV Butibori substation, Maharashtra
Maharashtra
State
Electricity
Faulty Equipment
Coupling Capacitor (B-phase)
Rating
220 kV
Make
M/s CGL
Sr. No.
114821
1988
Date
and
time
of :
29.06.11; 20:02 Hrs.
10
09.05.12
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
equipment
of :
Replaced
- 19 -
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
15
Sequence
of
16
17
previous :
events/ :
B-phase coupling capacitor of 220 kV TSS-Butibori circuit burst at TSS end at

20:02 hrs.
No test could be done after failure as
failure
coupling capacitor had burst.
14.0
Failure of B-phase, 400 kV Lightning Arrester (LA) at 400 kV

Chandrapur substation, Maharashtra
Name of Substation
400
kV
Chandrapur
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
State
Electricity
Faulty Equipment
LA (B-phase)
Rating
400 kV
Make
M/s Elpro International, Hyderabad
Sr. No.
54 ABCD
Date
and
time
of :
29.08.11; 17:35 Hrs.
10
09.05.12
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
equipment
of :
Replaced
- 20 -
substation,
13
Details
of
maintenance
previous :
14
15
Sequence
of
events/ :
16

failure
17
15.0
Failure of 400 kV Current Transformer (CT) at 500 kV HVDC Terminal

Station Chandrapur, Maharashtra
Name of Substation
500 kV HVDC Terminal

Chandrapur, Maharashtra
Maharashtra
State
Electricity
Faulty Equipment
CT (Y-phase) (tie breaker bay)
Rating
400 kV; 2000/1 A; 7 core
Make
M/s Universal Magnoflux Ltd., Indore
Sr. No.
1996
Date
and
time
of :
04.12.11; 23:13 Hrs.
10
09.05.12
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
equipment
of :
Replaced
- 21 -
Station,
13
Details
of
maintenance
previous :
14
15
Sequence
of
events/ :
At 23:13 hrs, pole-I & II of converter breaker and tie breaker were tripped on
AC bus differential protection and AC bus overcurrent protection. Hence,
inspection of AC yard was carried out. During inspection, Y-phase CT of tie
bay was found blasted from secondary core terminal box with oil spreading
around the CT in AC yard.
16

failure
17


16.0
Failure of 100 MVA, 220/33 kV Power Transformer at 220 kV substation

Indraprastha, Delhi
Name of Substation
220 kV Indraprastha Substation, Delhi
Delhi Transco Ltd. (DTL)
Faulty Equipment
Power Transformer
Rating
100 MVA, 220/33 kV
Make
M/s Crompton Greaves Ltd.
Sr. No.
24669
1986
Date
and
time
of :
1986 (at GTPS); recommissioned in Dec

2009 at 220 kV IP S/s
24.07.12; 06:25 Hrs.
10
26.07.12
11
Operation
- 22 -
12
Present
condition
equipment
of :
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
15
Sequence
of
previous :
Replaced
Last DGA test of oil was carried out on

24.02.12 and CO2 gas concentration was
on higher side.
Tan delta & capacitance measurement of
bushing were carried out on 03.03.10
and no abnormality was observed.
None
events/ :
On 24.07.12 at 06:25 hrs, transformer tripped off on differential protection

relay, bucholz relay, AC supervision relay and PRV.
Later on the same day, magnetic balance test and measurement of
magnetizing current, voltage ratio, and DC resistance were performed by
centralized testing lab of DTL which were not found in order as compared
with previous values. Transformer oil DGA was also done which shows
excessive presence of gases including high amount of Acetylene.
No external abnormality in transformer was observed during physical
inspection. Internal inspection was carried out by representative of M/s CGL
and some copper granules were found on top of HV side Y-phase winding.
16

failure
17
Magnetic balance test and measurement

of magnetizing current, voltage ratio, IR
value, and DC resistance and DGA were
performed.
M/s CGL is of the opinion that Y phase winding has been damaged.
Formation of acetylene gas in excess of threshold value indicates generation
of very high temperature which may be due to arcing in the tank. Operation of
differential relay, bucholz relay, AC supervision relay and PRV also indicates
occurrence of internal fault in transformer. LV tests also point towards internal
fault. M/s CGL is of the opinion that the transformer is not repairable at site.
Need for repairing may be evaluated on the basis of benefit cost analysis,
considering the fact that the transformer would need to be transported to
manufacturers works. It is noted that the transformer is 26 years old.
Most substations of DTL are running overloaded. It is recommended to reduce
the load as a short term measure and provide additional transformation
- 23 -
capacity as a long term measure. DTL must install High Velocity Water Spray
System or Nitrogen based Fire Protection System at their substations as soon
as possible.
17.0
Failure of B-phase, 400 kV Lightning Arrester (LA) at 400 kV Alamathy

Name of Substation
400 kV Alamathy substation, Tamilnadu

(TANTRANSCO)
Faulty Equipment
LA (B-phase) associated with 400/110

kV Auto transformer
Rating
400 kV
Make
M/s CGL
Sr. No.
26188
2003
2006 (16th June)
Date
and
time
of :
17.06.12; 19:50 Hrs.
10
26.07.12
11
Operation
12
Present
condition
of :
equipment
Details
of
previous :
maintenance
Replaced
14
Nil
15
Sequence
of
13
events/ :
HV & LV side breakers of auto transformer tripped with following

indications:
- Transformer protection 87T-Hi Set
- Back impedance 21T Start C, Start N
- Auxiliary Relay: Group relay 86A & 86B
- Multiplier: 86 AX, 86BX
- 24 -
16

failure
17
Upon physical inspection, it was found that each stack diaphragm was opened
and leakage current monitor was burst.
Periodic condition monitoring with the use of diagnostic tools is
recommended.
18.0
Failure of B-phase, 230 kV Capacitor Voltage Transformer (CVT) at 230

kV Villupuram substation, Tamilnadu
Name of Substation
230/110 kV
Tamilnadu

(TANTRANSCO)
Faulty Equipment
CVT (B-phase)
Rating
230 kV/110 V
Make
M/s WS
Sr. No.
780110
1978
1983 (24th January)
Date
and
time
of :
08.08.12; 10:45 Hrs.
10
03.09.12
11
Maintenance
12
Present
condition
equipment
13
Details
of
maintenance
14
15
Sequence
of
of :
previous :
Villupuram
substation,
Replaced
events/ :
Oil leakage from CVT was noticed on 08.08.12 at 10:45 hrs during normal
- 25 -
maintenance. CVT was thoroughly examined and bushing was found

dislocated from the metal part of the CVT. Mild air crack was also noticed at
the bottom of the bushing and in metal part.
16

failure
17
Megger test on CVT was performed.

However, the kV rating of the megger is
not known.
It is difficult to pin point any particular reason for failure of CVT. Since CVT
was in service for about 29 years, ageing may be one of the reasons for failure.
- 26 -
19.0
Summary of Failures of substation equipment in Tamil Nadu during 2011 to 2012 (September) for which brief information was
provided by Sh. B. Abdul Rahim, SE, TANTRANSCO during Meeting held on 30.10.12.
Sl.
No.
Name
of
the Equipment details
Substation/ feeder
Date & Time Details of failure and action

of Failure
taken
1.
230/110
Thudialur S/s
28.12.2011
23:34 Hrs
2.
230 kV Kavanoor- 230 kV CVT (Y CGL

SIPCOT feeder
phase)
8347
YOM: 1995
DOC: 07.02.2005
13.10.2011
23:08 Hrs
3.
230/110
Alagarkoil S/s
Not Available
10.01.2012
20:17 Hrs
4.
230
kV 230
kV
SF6 TELK
CheckkanuraniBreaker (Y phase)
860028-2
TTPS-I feeder
YOM: 1988
DOC: 22.03.1990
29.02.2012
08:05 Hrs
5.
230 kV Kavanoor 230 kV Bus CVT CGL
YOM: 1997
30.03.2012
Make & Sl. Date/Year

of
No.
Manufacturing/
Commissioning
kV 100 MVA, 230/110 NGEF
YOM: 1999
kV,
Auto 6800000180
DOC: 15.12.1999
Transformer
kV 230 kV Main Bus CGL

PT II (R phase)
11960
- 27 -
W phase IV winding of the

transformer was found faulty.
DGA test result of oil taken on
13.05.2011 and BDV value of oil
taken from OLTC chamber on
07.07.11 were found satisfactory.
The transformer was replaced on
29.02.12.
Y phase CVT burst out with huge
sound. B phase CVT petticoats
were also damaged. Feeder was
put into service with R phase CVT
alone on 14.10.11.
R phase PT burst out. Replaced
with new BHEL make PT on
31.01.12.
Y phase limb had not cleared the
fault in time even after opening of
other limbs resulting in activation
of LBB protection. Overhauling
was done in Y phase limb and put
into service on 21.08.12.
B phase CVT failed and other 2
S/s
(B phase); CVTs in 10054, 10055, DOC: 15.09.1997

all
3
phases 10057
replaced
6.
230 kV Theni- 230

kV
Moozhiyar
(Metering)
interstate feeder at
230 kV Theni S/s
7.
230 kV Theni- 230 kV Wave Trap

Moozhiyar
interstate feeder at
230 kV Theni S/s
230/110
kV 230 kV bus PT-II
Alagarkoil S/s
8.
PT TELK
730037-2
YOM: 1988
DOC: 27.03.1989
WSI
YOM: 1988
DOC:
available
CGL
11966
Not available
9.
230 kV Sembatty 230

kV
feeder
at Breaker
Checkkanurani S/s
SF6 TELK
860028-10
10.
230 kV Sembatty Bus II 230 kV CVT CGL

S/s
(B phase)
8443
11.
230 kV Sembatty Bus II 230 kV CVT CGL

S/s
(R phase)
8442
13:15 Hrs
15.04.2012
18:05 Hrs
15.04.2012
not 18:05 Hrs
05.06.2012
05:36 Hrs
YOM: 1988
DOC:
available
16.07.2012
not 18:12 Hrs
YOM: 1995
DOC:
available
YOM: 1995
DOC:
available
21.07.2012
not 19:52 Hrs
- 28 -
13.08.2012
not 18:20 Hrs
phase CVTs were isolated from

the service due to high tan delta
value. New CVTs commissioned
on 10.04.12.
PT burst out with heavy sound and
the spurt out oil caught fire.
Internal fault and ageing is
suspected. New PT commissioned
on 18.04.12.
WT burnt out due to the oil spurt
out from PT which burst at the
same
time.
New
WT
commissioned on 18.04.12.
PT burst out with heavy sound
from the bottom side. New PT
Due to sluggish operation of
breaker limb and ageing, the fault
was not cleared. 1 No defective
limb was rectified using the spares
available from the released failed
breaker limb and the breaker was
put into service on 24.07.12.
CVT burst out with heavy noise
due to internal fault. New CVT
CVT burst out with heavy noise
due to internal fault and ageing.
12.
230 kV Unjanai 230 kV CT

feeder in 400 kV
K.R. Thoppur S/s
13.
400
kV
Thoppur S/s
14.
230 kV Salem- 230 kV Breaker

K.R.Thoppur feeder
in 230 kV Salem
S/s
230 kV Gobi feeder 230 kV CT
in 400 kV K.R.
Thoppur S/s
15.
TELK
23014409
K.R. 230 kV Bus B PT TELK

(Y phase)
7300338
16.
400
kV 230 kV
Sriperumbudur S/s phase)
17.
230 kV Udayathur 230 kV CT

feeder in 230 kV
Kayathar S/s
230/110
kV 230 kV LA (B
Pudukkottai S/s
phase) connected
with
Auto
Transformer-II
18.
LA
YOM:
not 18.02.2011
available
07:19 Hrs
DOC: 23.03.88
YOM:
not 12.10.2011
available
19:45 Hrs
DOC: 11.08.1988
HBB
113150342
YOM:
not 04.11.2011
available
16:30 Hrs
DOC: 23.03.1989
Alstom
20051129
YOM:
not 05.12.2011
available
08:30 Hrs
DOC: 01.06.2007
(R CGL
4853
Alstom
20051022
CGL
4887
YOM: 1999
DOC: 30.06.2002
25.08.2012
16:46 Hrs
YOM:
not
available
DOC: 12.03.2007
YOM: 1999
DOC: 16.10.2000
02.12.11
08:17 Hrs
- 29 -
22.11.2011
16:04 Hrs
Cause of failure is not known.

Failed CT to be devoluted into
store as scrap. Replaced on
22.02.11.
Failed PT to be devoluted into
23.10.11.
Failed breaker to be devoluted into
23.11.11.
Failed CT to be devoluted into
16.12.11.
No associated tripping occurred at
the substation or at other
connected substations at the time
of the failure. No abnormality
observed in previous tests. Failure
is attributed to internal fault.
CT burst out with heavy noise and
fire due to suspected internal fault.
Replaced on 04.02.11.
230 kV HV II & 110 kV LV II
breaker tripped due to differential
relay acted in Auto transformer II.
On inspection LA was found failed
19.
230 kV Karaikudi 230 kV CT (R & Y TELK

YOM: 1979
feeder in 230/110 phase)
230068-10 & DOC: 25.10.1980
kV Thiruvarur S/s
230068-9
29.10.2011
00:06 Hrs
and surge monitor charred. Failure

is attributed to weak stacks in LA.
New LA commissioned on
23.11.11.
CT connected in R phase of 230
kV Karaikudi feeder burst out
suddenly and oil spurt out with fire
surrounding it. The porcelain
petticoats were broken into pieces
which
eventually
damaged
adjacent Y phase CT also. All 230
kV breakers tripped. Failure may
be attributed to ageing. New CTs
in both the phases commissioned
on 30.10.11.
Submitted by
(Dr. Prabhat Mohan)

Chief Engineer-I/c (SETD) &
Chairman, Standing Committee to investigate the failure
of 220 kV & above substation equipment
- 30 -
MINUTES OF MEETING OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE OF EXPERTS

TO INVESTIGATE THE FAILURE OF 220 KV AND ABOVE VOLTAGE
CLASS SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT HELD ON 30-10-2012 IN CEA, NEW
DELHI IN CONNECTION WITH REPORTED FAILURES FROM OCTOBER
2011 TO SEPTEMBER 2012 AT VARIOUS SUBSTATIONS IN THE
COUNTRY
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The list of participants is enclosed as Annexure-1.
Dr. Prabhat Mohan, Chief Engineer-I/C (SETD) and Chairman of the Standing
Committee of Experts to investigate the failure of 220 kV and above voltage class
substation equipment, welcomed the participants. He expressed concern about very
low attendance in the meeting. No representative from MSETCL, GETCO, NEEPCO,
CSPTCL & OPTCL, who were Owners of the substations where equipment failure
had occurred, attended the meeting. Most noted was the absence of representative of
MSETCL which had reported six incidents of equipment failure. The regular
members of the Committee, viz. representatives of PGCIL, CPRI & IIT, were also not
present.
The Chairman of the Committee requested DTL to give their views on the
possible causes of failure of power transformers at Rohini and Indraprastha
substations. DTL representatives informed that the transformer at Rohini was slightly
overloaded for the last 4 years. They also informed that since the transformer had
completely burned, it was not possible to perform any test after failure. DTL informed
that regular maintenance and testing is performed as per prevailing practices. Latest
DGA, Oil BDV and capacitance & tan delta measurement tests were found
satisfactory. The Committee was of the view that operation of differential, bucholz
and master trip relay indicates towards internal fault which caused failure and burning
of the transformer. However, the absence of any fire fighting system at the substation
(in fact at most of the substations of DTL as informed by their representatives) was a
cause of concern to the Committee. The Committee was of the view that DTL must
install High Velocity Water Spray System or Nitrogen based Fire Protection System
at their substations as soon as possible. DTL informed that at new/existing substations,
Nitrogen based Fire Protection System was being provided, but due to a court case
there was some delay.
DTL informed that the transformer at Indraprastha also did not have any
history of failure. This transformer had served for about 26 years and ageing could be
one reason for failure. Last two DGA tests of oil were satisfactory except rising trend
in formation of CO2 which may be due to overheated cellulose. Last tan delta and
capacitance test before failure carried out on 03.03.10 also did not show any
abnormality. LV tests and DGA were performed after failure and acetylene was found
above its threshold value. Operation of differential, bucholz & AC supervision relay
and PRV indicate towards internal fault.
DTL informed that at many substations the power transformers are overloaded
from April to July and the high temperature of the transformer over several months
might be one reason for failure.
- 31 -
The Committee also suggested that DTL make changes, if required, in the
power transformer specifications to avoid frequent failures. DTL might ask
manufacturers for a longer warranty period.
Failure of equipment at substations in Tamilnadu was discussed with Shri B.
Abdul Rahim, S.E., TANTRANSCO. He informed that faulty CVTs at Cuddalore,
Trichy and Villupuram have been replaced. Since no protection operated in case of
failure at Cuddalore and Trichy, it was difficult to pin point any particular reason for
failure. Sh. Rahim pointed out that all periodic testing of substation equipment is done
by a separate testing wing. He also informed that service life of CVT is generally
considered to be 15 years. CVTs at Cuddalore, Trichy and Villupuram had served for
14 years, 28 years and 29 years respectively. As the CVTs at Trichy and Villupuram
had served for 28 and 29 years respectively, so ageing may be the reason for their
failure. Not much information was available with the Committee in respect of failure
of 400 kV LA at Alamathy substation. Sh. Rahim agreed to provide more information
through E-mail to the secretariat of the Committee.
Sh. Satbir Singh, SE, SRPC, informed that in Southern Region protection
audit of important substations was being done. This was appreciated by the
Committee.
The Committee was of the view that various diagnostic tools as suggested in
Central Electricity Authority (Technical Standards for Construction of Electrical
Plants and Electric Lines) Regulations, 2010, should be used regularly for periodic
maintenance and condition based maintenance of substation equipment.
The meeting ended with thanks to the chair.
- 32 -
Annexure - I
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
Central Electricity Authority, New Delhi

1. Dr. Prabhat Mohan, Chief Engineer-I/C (SETD)
2. Shri Y.K.Swarnkar, Deputy Director (SETD)
3. Shri S. Chandrasekhar Rao, Deputy Director (SETD)
Southern Regional Power Committee, Bengaluru
Shri Satbir Singh, S.E.
Delhi Transco Ltd., Delhi
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Shri S. Sutradhar, 220 kV O&M VII

Shri T.R.Tuteja, 220 kV I
Shri S.S.Gupta, 220 kV S/S Rohini
Shri Sunil Varshney, 220 kV S/S Rohini
Shri Deepak Mehdiratta, 220 kV S/S Shalimar Bagh
Shri Hari Gopal, 220 kV S/S Indraprastha
TANTRANSCO, Tamilnadu
Shri B. Abdul Rahim, S.E., Villupuram
- 33 -

Failure Report October 11 To September 12

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Failure Report October 11 To September 12

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

REPORT

CENTRAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY

Substation equipment failures reported between October

Summary of Substation equipment failures reported

Minutes of meeting of Standing Committee held on

Order constituting Standing Committee

100 MVA, 220/66/11 kV Power Transformer at 220 kV Rohini

Salient features of each of the substations and analysis of failure of equipment

more cases of substation equipment failure of 220 kV and above. A summary

Failure of 100 MVA, 220/66/11 kV Power Transformer-III at 220 kV

220 kV Rohini substation, Delhi

Delhi Transco Ltd. (DTL)

100 MVA, 220/66-33/11 kV

Crompton Greaves Ltd. (CGL)

2004 (31st March)

17.10.11; 18:45 Hrs.

Information received in CEA

Fault discovered during

Details of previous failure

Last measurements of capacitance and

Details of Tests done after :

As the transformer had completely

Failure of 16.67 MVAR, single phase, 400 kV Bus Reactor (Y-phase) at

400 kV Amreli substation, Gujarat

Gujarat Energy Transmission Corp. Ltd.

Bus Reactor (Y-phase)

16.67 MVAR, single phase, 400 kV

Crompton Greaves Ltd. (CGL)

Reactor was earlier commissioned at

07.12.11; 02:57 Hrs.

Information received in CEA

Fault discovered during

Details of previous failure

Details of Tests done after :

Information not available

Failure of 125 MVA, 220/132 kV Power Transformer at Bhatapara

220/132/33 kV Bhatapara substation,

Chhattisgarh State Power Transmission

125 MVA, 220/132/11 kV; YNyao11

Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL),

1984 (14th April)

01.01.12; 02:40 Hrs.

Fault discovered during

Details of previous failure

On 05.11.11, IR value & PI test, Oil

At 220kV S/S Bhatapara, on 31/12/2011 at 21:35 hrs. 40MVA, 132/33 kV

Arrester and Y pole of 132 kV Circuit Breaker of 40MVA transformer bay.

Details of Tests done after :

Oil BDV test, insulation resistance test,

Transformer body and all accessories are intact. Excessive magnetizing

Failure of 220 kV SF6 Current Transformer at Meramundali substation,

Orissa Power Transmission Corporation

SF6 Current Transformer (CT) in 220

2010 (16th March)

15.02.12; 17:13 Hrs.

Information received in CEA

Fault discovered during

Details of Previous failure

Replaced with new oil filled CT of

On 15.02.12 at 17:13 Hrs 220 kV Meramundali-Kaniha ckt-I tripped

Details of Tests done after :

Visual inspection, IR test, ratio test and

Failure of 20 MVA, single phase, 11/220/3 kV Generator Transformer of