PROFESSIONAL PETROLEUM

DATA MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION

Horseshoe
Canyon
The Drumheller
Coal Zone,
located in the
lower part of the
Horseshoe
Canyon
Formation, has
been a primary
CBM target.

ODE TO COAL MINING

ODE TO A CANARY

COAL SEAM GAS

What is Coal Seam Gas?
Often referred to as
Unconventional Gas, CSM
(Coal Seam Methane) or CBM
(Coal Bed Methane) and not to
be confused with Natural Gas,
it is methane gas found in coal
seams. The coal seam
normally acts as a water
aquifer. The methane gas is
trapped in the coal by the
water.
When water is removed from
the coal seam, the reduction in
pressure makes the methane
available for production.
http://www.thegreenpages.com.au/news/unsure-about-what-coal-seamgas-is-here-is-a-clear-explanation-about-how-it-works-and-how-it-affects-

DATA MANAGEMENT FOR CSG

What is the biggest value added?
- Expand PPDM to cover key data types
- Semantic clarity
- Reference values
- Best practice recommendations
- Training for DMPs

DATA MANAGEMENT FOR CSG

What subject are most important?

Characterize the coal (lab analysis)
Properties of the Reservoir (Coal seam)
Properties of Evaluation (Reserves)
Properties of Planning
Properties of Drilling
Properties of Completion Activities

Properties of Production
Environmental Properties

A quick, incomplete, look at each

PROPERTIES OF PLANNING
Land rights
Permits
Negotiations
Financial
Scheduling

PROPERTIES OF THE COAL: GEOCHEM

PPDM 3.9
adds this
subject.

http://www.ogj.com

PROPERTIES OF THE RESERVOIR

Permeability
Porosity

Adsorption Capacity
Fracture Permeability
Formation thickness

Reservoir pressure
Coal density
Initial gas phase concentration

Critical gas saturation

Well developed cleat & butt

structure in coal increases the
permeability which enhances
gas flow from coal.

Irreducible water saturation

Relative permeability to water and gas

at conditions of Sw = 1.0 and Sg = 1-Swirreducible respectively

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_seam_gas

PROPERTIES OF EVALUATION
Organic geochemistry analysis
Estimation of in-situ gas content of the coal will be
evaluated by using Kims (Kim 1977) equation
V = (100 M A) /100 [ Vw /Vd ] [K(P)N (b T)]

V = Volume of methane gas adsorbed (cc/g)

M = Moisture content (%)
A = Ash content (%).
Vw/Vd = 1/(0.25 M + 1)
Vw = Volume of gas adsorbed on wet coal
(cc/g)
Vd = Volume of gas adsorbed on dry coal (cc/g)
The values of K and N depend on the rank of the coal and can
be expressed in terms of ratio of fixed carbon (FC) to Volatile
matter(VM)

K = 0.8 (F.C /V.M) + 5.6 Where

F.C = Fixed carbon (%)

VM = Volatile matter (%)
N = Composition of coal (for most
bituminous coals, N = (0.39 - 0.013 K)
b =Adsorption constant due to
temperature change (cc/g/C).
T = Geothermal Gradient (h/ 100) + To
T = Temperature at given depth
To = Ground temperature
h = Depth (m)

PROPERTIES OF DRILLING
Rig configuration
Mechanical equipment
Operations
Inventories
Rates of drilling
Data collected while drilling

PROPERTIES OF COMPLETION ACTIVITIES

http://www.smh.com.au/environment/water-issues/mine-threatens-city-water-20100923-15osh.html

PROPERTIES OF PRODUCTION
Water
composition
Gas rates

http://www.qmea.org.au/coal-seam-gas-csg-scholarships/

ENVIRONMENTAL PROPERTIES
Water disposal
- Injection
- Evaporation
HSE issues
- Contamination of fresh water
- Benchmarking
- Reclamation

NO CANARIES WERE HARMED

while making this presentation

PROFESSIONAL PETROLEUM
DATA MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION

What comes next?

Should we add more capability to
the PPDM Data Model?