6/2/2016

Benzylalcohol(BA)asadisinfectant&DryHeatSterilizationofglassware

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#1

2ndOctober2009, 09:33AM
JoinDate:
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Aug2009
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DatBtrue
StepFourand1/3rd
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Benzylalcohol(BA)asadisinfectant&DryHeatSterilizationofglassware

Implementsofsanitationforhomebrewing
injectables
Benzylalcohol(BA)
Benzylalcohol(BA)isusedasabacteriostaticpreservativeatlowconcentrationin
intravenousmedications.Itexhibitslowtoxicityinlowconcentrations.TheFDAhas
approvedamedicationwith5%Benzylalcoholsoa5%concentrationisourstandard
fortheterm"lowconcentration".
AsabacteriostaticpreservativeBApreventsbacteriafrommultiplying.Howeverits
preservativeactivityispHspecificandisonlyeffectiveinsolutionswithapHrangeof
47. 1
Inaddition,duetoitspolarityBAisanadequatesolvent(capableofdissolvinganother
solid).
AlthoughitisnotwidelyknownBAisadisinfectant. 2Thismeansitiscapableof
destroymicroorganisms.Itisnotaperfectdisinfectant.Howeveritislistedinthe
BritishVeterinaryAssociation'sveterinaryformularyasbeingacapabledisinfectant,
withanindicateduseage"Cleaninganddisinfectionofteats"withthefurtherusage
definedas"Postmilkingteatdip4%BenzylAlcoholforcattle,useundiluted." 3
BecauseofBA'santibacterialandweaklocalanestheticpropertiestheBritish
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Benzylalcohol(BA)asadisinfectant&DryHeatSterilizationofglassware

Pharmacopoeiarecommendsthata1%concentrationbeusedininjectablemedicines.4

AthigherconcentrationsBAmaycontributetothedegradationofproteinsintheform
ofaggregation(increasingtheclingingoftheproteinchaintosurfacesmakingthem
susceptibletobreakageorchangein3dimensionalstructure).1Thishappens
frequentlyinthereconstitutionofIGF1LR3andintheSupriyaGuptastudyoccurredat
concentrationsgreaterthan1%.

InthesameSupriyaGuptastudyBAwastestedagainstotherpreservativesfor
effectivenessatkillingmircrobes.

PreservativeScreeningTest(Bactericidal/FungicidalActivity) 1
Theefficacyofthepreservativeagainstvariousmicroorganismswasmeasured
usingamodifiedUSP/EPPET(referredtoaspreservativescreeningtestinthis
document)...Intheprocedure,formulationsweretestedagainstthefollowing
microorganisms:Escherichiacoli,Staphylococcusaureus,Pseudomonas
aeruginosa,Candidaalbicans,andAspergillusniger.The3bacterialstrainswere
inoculatedtogetheratatotalconcentrationof~105cfu/mL,aswerethe2fungi.
Sampleswereincubatedfor7daysatroomtemperature(25C),andthetotal
bacterialandfungalcountsweremeasuredusingacolonycounter.Thelog
reduction(LR)valuesforthebacterialandfungalcountswerecalculatedaslog
(initialcount/finalcount).
...
Resultsofthepreservativescreeningtestsshowedthattheformulations
containing0.75%and0.5%benzylalcoholarepotentialcandidatestomeetthe
USP/EPcriteria(Table4).Bothformulationsdemonstratedacompletekillofthe
testedbacterialandfungalspeciesafter7days.

...
Benzylalcoholcausedsignificantaggregationathighconcentrations(>=1.0%)
however,itwasthemosteffectivepreservativeinmaintainingantimicrobial
efficacyagainstbacteriaandfungi.

DryHeatSterlization
Steamsterilizationusespressurizedsteamat121132C(250270F)for30or40
minutes.Thistypeofheatkillsallmicrobialcellsincludingspores,whicharenormally
heatresistant.Inordertoaccomplishthesameeffectwithdryheatinanoven,the
temperatureneedstobeincreasedto160170C(320338F)forperiodsof2to4
hours. 5
Atableofmoststudiesconductedupto1961indicatesthattheyareinenoughofan
agreementtosupporttheabovestatementsfromtheBerkleyLabManualindicating
that170C(338F)foratleast2hoursissufficienttosterilizeobjects.6

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Benzylalcohol(BA)asadisinfectant&DryHeatSterilizationofglassware

UsingmorecurrentreferencessuchastheDentalTechnicianManual,Volume1
formtheU.S.Navywefindthatforsterilizationofmetalinstruments"atypicaldry
heatcycleis90minutesat320345F,plusthetimerequiredtopreheatthechamber."
Acurrentmicrobiologytextbookstatesthat"thestandardsettingsforahotairoven
sterilizationarethepreheattimeplus1.5to2hoursat160C(320F)."7
Basedontheconformityinscientificresearchandmedicalstatementsweshouldfeel
comfortablerelyingonthefollowinginformationfromEngenderHealth(aleading
internationalhealthorganizationworkinginthirdworldcountries).
*Sterilizingbydryheat(i.e.oven).From:EngenderHealth
Thetemps&timestosterilize:
Placeinstrumentsandotheritemsintheoven,andheattothe
designatedtemperature.Theovenmusthaveathermometeror
temperaturegaugetomakesurethedesignatedtemperatureis
reached.

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Usethelistheretodeterminetheappropriateamountoftimeto
sterilizeinstrumentsandotheritemsfordifferenttemperatures.
(donotbegintiminguntiltheovenreachesthedesiredtemperature,
anddonotopentheovendoororaddorremoveanyitems).Thetimes
shownhererepresenttheamountoftimethatitemsmustbekeptat
thedesiredtemperaturetoensurethatsterilizationisachieved.
Keepinmindthatthetotalcycletimeincludingheatingtheoven
tothecorrecttemperature,sterilization,andcoolingisusually
twiceaslongasthetimenotedhere.

Temperature
170degreesC(340degreesF)1hour
160degreesC(320degreesF)2hours
150degreesC(300degreesF)2.5hours
140degreesC(285degreesF)3hour
Isuggestthataslongasyourglasswareiscapable,thatthehighesttemperature(170
degreesC(340degreesF))beusedfortwicethestatedtime...makingthesafetime
2hours.
REFERENCES
1DevelopmentofaMultidoseFormulationforaHumanizedMonoclonal
AntibodyUsingExperimentalDesignTechniques,SupriyaGupta,AAPS
PharmSci20035(2)Article8
2AContributiontoourKnowledgeofDisinfectantAction.III.Unsaturated
CompoundsasGermicides,H.D.Cheeseworth,E.A.Cooper,J.Phys.Chem.,
1929,33(5),pp720728
3TheveterinaryformularyByYolandeM.Bishop,BritishVeterinary
AssociationPharmaceuticalPress6edition(October30,2004)page359
4Disinfection,sterilization,andpreservationBySeymourStantonBlock,
LippincottWilliams&WilkinsFifthEditionedition(December15,2000)
5BiosafetyManual,BerkleyNationalLaboratory
http://www.lbl.gov/ehs/biosafety/Bio...lization.shtml
6Sterilizationbydryheat,E.M.Darmady,K.E.A.Hughes,J.D.Jones,D.
Prince,andWinifredTuke,JClinPathol196114:3844
7TextbookofMicrobiologybyAnanthanarayanandPanikar,OrientLongman
7RevEdedition(December6,2006)
LasteditedbyDatBtrue2ndOctober2009at12:33PM.

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#2

2ndOctober2009, 03:16PM

EDED
GrowthFactorNewbie
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JoinDate:
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Sep2009
1,557

oops,ivedone400Fforonehourofmediabottlesigotfromaresearchplace,,,still
alive.
2hoursisnottoobad,sterilizeabunchandyoudonthavetokeepdoingit,save
money.
thanksforrepostingthisinfohere.
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