New Methods in Vibration Analysis: Accelerometer Data and "Sunics"

New Methods In Vibration Analysis
accelerometer data and sunics

presented by
Jason Tranter, Mobius Institute

compiled by
Diego Tognola, Sunics
VANZ 2006
Jason Tranter (Diego Tognola)
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Sunics in General
Part I
Sunics in General
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
What is a sunic ?
a new way of looking at time series / signals
rearranges but preserves time waveform data
visualizes data via a coloured bitmap
produces representation as compact as spectrum
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
What is a sunic ?
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
What is a sunic ?
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
What is a sunic ?
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
What is a sunic ?
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
How does it work ?

time waveform is
split into cycles
cycles are stretched to
equal length wave shapes
wave shapes are arranged
to waterfall diagram
waterfall is connected
and colour coded
viewed from above
this yields the sunic
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
How does it work ?

time waveform is
split into cycles
and colour coded
viewed from above
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
How does it work ?

time waveform is
split into cycles
and colour coded
viewed from above
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
How does it work ?

time waveform is
split into cycles
and colour coded
viewed from above
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
How does it work ?

time waveform is
split into cycles
and colour coded
viewed from above
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
How does it work ?

time waveform is
split into cycles
and colour coded
viewed from above
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
What does it show ?

in phase direction: wave shape per cycle
in time direction: evolution of wave shape, amplitude envelope
colour values: amplitude, e.g. acceleration or velocity
combined: location of phenomena in time and phase
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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
What does it show ?

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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
What does it show ?

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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
What does it show ?

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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
What does it show ?

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Sunics in General
Introducing Sunics
What does it show ?

So lets look at some examples...
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Sunics in General
First Examples
Sine Wave
Each image column of the sunic
has the same colouring.
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Sunics in General
First Examples
Sine Wave
The colouring corresponds to a
sinusoidal wave shape.
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Sunics in General
First Examples
Sine Wave
This wave shape is constant for
all times.
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Sunics in General
First Examples
Sine Wave
This wave shape is constant for
all times.
The next example features a
different wave shape...
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Sunics in General
Sine Wave
First Examples
Two Synchronous Components I
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Sunics in General
First Examples

Again, the wave shape
is constant over time.
zero phase difference
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Sunics in General
First Examples

The signal has two frequency
components with
zero phase difference.
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Sunics in General
First Examples

The signal has two frequency
components with
zero phase difference.
What happens if the
phase difference is not zero ?
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Sunics in General
First Examples
Two Synchronous Components II
nonzero phase difference
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Sunics in General
First Examples
Time waveform and sunic show a difference.

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Sunics in General
First Examples
The spectrum shows no difference.

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Sunics in General
Two Asynchronous Components
First Examples
Another example:
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Sunics in General
First Examples
Another example:
Two asynchronous components
cause the wave shape to
change repeatedly with time.
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Sunics in General
First Examples
Another example:
This produces a repeating
diagonal pattern in the sunic.
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Sunics in General
First Examples
Another example:
But it is more difficult to see in the
time waveform
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Sunics in General
First Examples
Another example:
But it is more difficult to see in the
time waveform
and impossible to see in the
spectrum.
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Sunics in General
First Examples
So what can sunics reveal in vibration analysis ?
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Sunics in Vibration Analysis
Part II
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Applications
Applications in Vibration Analysis ?

recognition of phaserelated changes (e.g. rotating machinery)
efficient time waveform analysis (no zooming or scrolling required)
detection of slow changes (low frequency components)
localization of faults in time and phase
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Applications

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Applications

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Applications

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Applications

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Applications

Lets go back to examples...
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Beating
Beating, Amplitude and Phase Modulation
The sunic features:
(2Hz beating frequency)
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Beating
The sunic features:

variation in colour range
showing amplitude envelope
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Beating
The sunic features:


diagonal pattern implying
asynchronous components
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Beating
The sunic features:


two repetitions corresponding
to 2Hz beating frequency.
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Beating
The sunic features:


two repetitions corresponding
to 2Hz beating frequency.

Compare this to the following
amplitude modulation:
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Beating
Amplitude Modulation
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Beating
The time waveform shows little difference.
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Beating
The spectrum shows little difference.
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Beating
The sunic clearly shows a difference.
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In general, sunics show

differences in a very distinct
manner.
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In general, sunics show

differences in a very distinct
manner.
This is not always the case for
spectra:
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Phase Modulation
Note the similar spectra here...
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Phase Modulation
Amplitude and Phase Modulation
..and here.
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Impacts
Impacts
Much like the time waveform,
sunics allow to determine the
timing and location of impacts
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Impacts
Impacts
Much like the time waveform,
sunics allow to determine the
timing and location of impacts
but more easily.
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Impacts at Constant Phase
Impacts
(real bearing)
(simulated)
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Impacts
(real bearing)
(simulated)
Impacts at 130 of each cycle

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Impacts at Changing Phase
Impacts
For impacts at changing phase

location, the sunic allows to locate
the impact in time and phase.
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Impacts

This is more difficult with
the time waveform
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Impacts

the time waveform
and impossible with the spectrum.
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Impacts

the time waveform
and impossible with the spectrum.
Spectra do not produce such

distinct patterns for impacts:
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Impact at Changing Phase
Impacts
Temporary Flattening
Flattening, for instance, may produce a similar spectrum.
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Transients
Transients
Transients produce similar patterns like impacts,
but flipped diagonally in the timephase domain.
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Transients
Transients
Transients produce similar patterns like impacts,
but flipped diagonally in the timephase domain.
Lets see two examples:
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Irregularly Occuring Transients
Transients
Repeating Short Transients
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Transients
This second signal features

repeating, short transients
occuring only during a part of
some cycles.
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Transients

some cycles.
Their phase location varies over
time.
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Transients

some cycles.
time.
This is difficult to see in the time
waveform
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Transients

some cycles.
time.
This is difficult to see in the time
waveform
and impossible to see in the
spectrum.
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Transient Vibrations
Time waveform and sunic both

allow separation of transient
vibrations into:
fast changes defining the
vibration
slow changes defining the
transient envelope.
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vibrations into:
vibration
transient envelope.
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vibrations into:
vibration
transient envelope.
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vibrations into:
vibration
transient envelope.
These aspects can not be
seperated in the spectrum.
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vibrations into:
vibration
transient envelope.
These aspects can not be
seperated in the spectrum.
This is seen if the envelope is
omitted:
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Constant Vibration
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Misalignment
Misalignment
We conclude our examples with
two signals showing
slow variations in misalignment.
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Slowly Pulsating Misalignment
Misalignment
Changing Misalignment Location
Left: the typical M shape appears and disappears twice.
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Slowly Pulsating Misalignment
Misalignment
Changing Misalignment Location
Right: the M shape persists but changes its phase location.
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Conclusion
Summary
What have we seen ?

sunics produce very detailed
and distinctive patterns

they show fast and slow
changes in two decoupled

directions (phase and time)
time waveform information is
presented all at a glance

sunics reveal information not
accessible via the spectrum.
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Conclusion
Summary
What have we seen ?




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Conclusion
Summary
What have we seen ?




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Conclusion
Summary
What have we seen ?




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Conclusion
Thank you
Thank you very much for your attention.

More information can be found on www.sunics.com
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New Methods in Vibration Analysis: Accelerometer Data and "Sunics"

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New Methods in Vibration Analysis: Accelerometer Data and "Sunics"

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New Methods In Vibration Analysis

accelerometer data and sunics

Jason Tranter, Mobius Institute

Diego Tognola, Sunics

Jason Tranter (Diego Tognola)