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PRESENTA:
ALTAMIRA, TAMAULIPAS.
DICIEMBRE 2016
ndice
Unidad 1.- integral indefinida
1.1 Anti derivada
1.2 Integral indefinida
Unidad 2.- Integral definida
2.1 Integral definida
2.2 Slidos de revolucin
Unidad 3.- series y sucesiones
3.1 series y sucesiones
3.2 Anlisis de Fourier
F(X)
Integra
f(x)
Deriva
Se dice entonces que F(x) es una primitiva o anti derivada de f(x); por tanto se
puede decir que las primitivas f(x) son las funciones derivables de F(x) tales que
F(x)= f(x)
Si una funcin f(x) tiene primitiva entonces tiene funcin infinitas primitivas
diferencindose en una constante (constante de integracin).
[F(x) + C]= f (x)
f (x)dx
f ( x)
Integrando
dx
Variable de integracin
f (x)dx
F(x) + C
x 1+1
+C
1+1
xdx
x n dx=
n +1
v
+C , n1
n+1
X2
+C
2
dy x 2
1
1
2x
= +C= ( 2 x 21 ) = ( 2 x )= =2
dx 2
2
2
2
( 5 x +2 x 6 x+ 3) dx
x n dx=
1.
5 x 3 dx + 2 x 2 dx 6 x dx + 3 dx
2.
5 x dx +2 x dx6 xdx +3 dx
3.
v n +1
+C , n1
n+1
( ) ( ) ( )
x
x
x
5x 2x 6x
+2
6
+3 x +C
+
+3 x+C
4
3
2
4
3
2
4.
5 4 2 3
x + x 3 x2 +3 x +C
4
3
3 ab 2 x 4 dx
1.
3 ab
x 4 dx
2.
3 ab
x5
+C
5
3.
3 ab x +C
n +1
v
+C , n1
x n dx= n+1
( )
5
3 x dx
n +1
v
+C , n1
x n dx= n+1
1.
(x)3 dx
2.
x3 3
+C
1 3
+
3 3
3.
x3
4
3
1 3 x3
3 x4
=
+ C=
+C
4
4
4
3
1 3
+
4dxx = dx1 = x
(x )4
1
4
dx
v n +1
x dx= n+1 +C , n1
n
1 4
+
4 4
1. (
( )
2.
x4
+C
3
4
3.
4 x3
+C
3
x
+C
1 4
+
4 4
x n +1
En todas las integrales se aplica n+1 +C
(3 s+ a)2 ds
1.
ds
2.
9 s2
(+24 s+16) ds
3.
9s
2 ds+ 24 sds
X n+1
x dx= n+1 +C , n 1
n
4.
9 s 2 ds+24 sds+ 16 ds
5.
6.
3 s 3+ 12 s2 +16 s+C
( )
s
s
+24 +16 s+ C
3
2
dt
(at +b)
dv
=ln |v|+C
v
V =at+b
dV =a+dt
adt
1.
a(at+b)
2.
1
adt
a ( at+ b )
3.
ln ( at+ b ) +C
1
( 3 x+ 4 )6 dx
n +1
V n dx= Xn+1 +C ,n 1
V =3 x +4
dV =3 dx
3 ( 3 x + 4 )6 dx
1.
1
(3 x +4 )6 dx
V =3 x +4
dV =3 dx
2.
(3 x+ 4)6 +1
6+1
1
3.
( 3 x +4 )7
3 (7)
4.
3 x +4
+C
21
()
t (t 4) dt
1.
t
( 34)2 t 2 dt
2.
3 ( t 34 ) t 2 dt
3.
1
(t 34)2 3 t 2 dt
V n dx=
n +1
X
+C ,n 1
n+1
V =t 34
8
dV =3t 2 dt
1.
2.
t
( 34)2+ 1
+C
2+1
( t 34 )
+C
( 3 )( 3 )
3
3.
(t 4 )
+C
9
x dx ...
x n dx=
X n+1
+C , n 1
n+1
x 6 +1
6 +1
x7
+C
7
2.
5 x dx
X n+1
.. x dx= n+1 +C , n 1
n
5 x dx
5 x5
+C
5
x 5+ c
3.
3 x 2 dx=
1
2
n+1
x dx
X
+C , n 1
x n dx= n+1
3 2 x 2 dx
1
3 x 2 x3
3
3 x 3 +C
3
4.
..
4
5 x dx= 5
x n dx=
n+1
X
+C , n 1
n+1
5 x 4 dx
10
1 4
+
4 4
x
1 4
+
4 4
(5)
5
4
x
+C
5
4
5
( )( )
5
1
4 4
x +C
5
20 4
x +C
5
5
4
4 x +C
1
5.
6 dx
6
3 x = 1 dx= 6 ( x ) 3 dx ..
x3
n+1
X
+C , n 1
x n dx= n+1
6 x 3 dx
1 3
+
x3 3
6
1 3
+
3 3
2
x3
6
2
3
2
x3
1
( 6)
2
3
2
3
( 61 )( 32x )
2
18 3
3x
2
11
9 (3 x)2 +C
(
6.
3 2 6
)dx
x 5 x2 x
x n dx=
X n+1
+C , n 1
n+1
3(x )5 dx 2 x2 dx 6 ( x )1 dx
3 x dx2 x dx6 x dx
5
x4 2 x 1
1
6 +C
4 1
x
7.
x4
+2 x 16 ln |x|+ C
4
x 4 6 x 37 x
x
()dx
x
4
n +1
V dx= Xn+1 +C ,n 1
n
x4
6 x3
7x
dx
dx
dx
x
x
x
x 3 dx 6 x 2 dx 7 dx
4
x
6 x 2 dx7 dx
4
x4 6 x3
7
4
3
x4
2 x 27 x +C
4
12
8.
( ax b )
2
xdx
X n+1
x dx= n+1 +C , n 1
n
2
V= a x b
dV =2axdx
5
2 a ( a x b ) xdx
2a
1
2 a(a x 2b)5 xdx
2a
5 +1
( a x2 b )
5+1
1
2a
+C
(a x 2b)6
+C
6
2
(a x b)
+C
12 a
9.
( t 26 ) dt
n+1
X
+C , n 1
x n dx= n+1
( t 2 ) 2 ( t 2 ) ( 6 )+ ( 6 ) dt
t 4 12t 2+ 36 dt
( t 4 12t 2 +36 ) dt
t 4 dt 12 t2 dt 36 dt
t5
12 t 2 dt36 dt
5
t5
t3
12 36 t+C
5
3
t5
4 t 336 t+C
5
13
7
2
5
3
1
4
n+1
X
+C , n 1
x n dx= n+1
y y y
) dy
10. (
y2
7 2 74 3
=
=
2 1
2
2
5 2 56 1
=
=
3 1
6
3
1 2 18 7
=
=
4 1
4
4
3
y 2 y 3 y
() dy
3
2
7
4
1
3
dx y dy y
3 2
+
2 2
1 3
+
3 3
7
4
dy
7 4
+
4 4
y
y
y
+C
3 2 1 3 7 4
+
+
+
2 2 3 3
4 4
5
y 2 y3 y 4
+C
5
2 3
2
3
4
5
2 y2 3 y3 4 y 4
+
+C
5
2
3
14
PARTICIPACION
1
X n+1
x dx= n+1 +C , n 1
b x 3 dx
b x 3 dx
3 +1
x
b
+C
3+ 1
x4
b +C
4
2.
adx=a dx
n+1
X
+C , n 1
x n dx= n+1
ax +C
3.
3
4 dx
x n dx=
X n+1
+C , n 1
n+1
3
dx
4
3
x+C
4
4.
dx
3
n+1
X
+C , n 1
x n dx= n+1
1
dx
3
dx
+C
3
5.
dx
3 = x3 dx
3+ 1
n +1
x d x= Xn+1 +C ,n 1
n
x
x
=
3+1 2
1
+C
2 x2
15
6.
5 dx
2x
5 x4 dx
n+1
x4 +1
4+1
X
+C , n 1
x n dx= n+1
5 x3
+C
3
7.
4 dx
x
dv
=ln |v|+C
v
4 x 1 dx
4 ln |x|+C
dx
8.
4 3
x
x
3
4
x n dx=
X n+1
+C , n 1
n+1
dx
3 4
+
4 4
x
3 4
+
4 4
7
x4
+C
7
4
4
4 x7
+C
7
9.
x 3 dx
n+1
X
+C , n 1
x n dx= n+1
x 5 dx
16
8
5
x
+C
8
5
55 8
x +C
8
adx
10.
3 2
x
X n+1
x dx= n+1 +C , n 1
n
adx
x
2
3
2
a x 3 dx
a
2 3
+
3 3
( )
x
+C
2 3
+
3 3
3 a 3 x +C
11.
5 dx
2x
dv
=ln |v|+C
v
V =2 x
dV =2dx
3 5 dx
3 2x
1 3+ 5 dx
3 2x
1 2 dx
3 2x
ln |2 x|+ C
12. 6 x dx
x n dx=
n+1
X
+C , n 1
n+1
17
1
2
b x dx
3
()
x2
b
3
2
2 b x3
+C
3
5
13.
3 x 4 3 x dx
x n dx=
5 x
5
1
3
n+1
X
+C , n 1
n+1
1
3
dx4 x dx
1 3
+
3 3
1 3
+
3 3
2
3
x
x
5x 4x
4
=
1 3
1 3
2
4
+
+
3 3
3 3
3
3
4
3
15 x 2
3
3 x 4 +C
2
14.
3 at dx
n+1
X
+C , n 1
x n dx= n+1
3 a t 3 dt
4
t3
a +C
4
3
3
3 t 4 3 a
+C
4
1
2
15. 6 t dt = (6 t) dt
V n dx=
X n +1
+C ,n 1
n+1
18
1 2
+
2 2
t
+C
1 2
+
2 2
3
2
t
3
2
6 +C
6 ( 2 t 3 )
(1)
2 6 t2
+C
3
2( 6 t)2
+C
3
16.
n+1
X
+C , n 1
x n dx= n+1
( 8 x 35 x 4 4 x 36 x 27 x3 ) dx
3
(8)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
x
x
x
x
x
( 5 )
( 4 )
( 6 )
7
3( x )
4
5
4
3
2
7
2 x 4 x 5x 4 2 x 3 x 23 x +C
2
3
2
17. ( x b x cx+ d ) dx
X n+1
x dx= n+1 +C , n 1
n
ax b x c x
+ dx+C
4
3
2
18.
(
5
3
X
2
dx
X
19
3
2
5
x
2
(
)dx
x5
3 x 5 2 x
3
1
5
2 5
+
5 5
1 5
+
5 5
( )( )
()()
x
x
2
2 5
1 5
+
+
5 5
5 5
3
5
4
5
x
x
2
3
4
5
5
3
5
4
5
( ) ( )
5x
5x
2
3
4
3
15 x 5 10 x 5
+C
3
4
4
3
5
10 x 5
5x
+C
4
4
5
( 3 4 )
x
x
19.
n+1
X
+C , n 1
x n dx= n+1
1
4 x 3 dx 5 x 4 dx
4 x
4
1
3
dx5 x 4 dx
1 3
+
3 3
1 4
+
4 4
( )( )
x
x
5
1 3
1 4
+
+
3 3
4 4
20
2
3
3
4
()()
x
x
5
2
3
3
4
2
6 x 3
20 4
x +C
3
7 t
1
3
x n dx=
X n+1
+C , n 1
n+1
dt
1
7 3 t 3 dt
1 3
+
()
( )
t 3 3 (3 ) t 3 (3 ) 3t 3
= 7
= 7
7
1 3
4
4
+
3 3
3
3
3 7 t4
+C
4
22.
(aby)4
abt
( )(
1
b
( aby )5
5
(aby )5
+C
5b
23.
x (x +4) dx
n+1
X
+C , n 1
x dx= n+1
n
21
( x+ 4)3 +1
+C
3+1
4
( x+ 4)
+C
4
V n dx=
X n +1
+C ,n 1
n+1
V =5 x3
dV =5 dx
1
(5 x 3)2 5 dx
1
1
(5 x3)2 5 dx
5
[ ]
1 2
+
2
2
1 ( 5 x3 )
5
1 2
+
2 3
+C
5 x3
2
+C
5
2
(5 x3)2+ C
15
26.
tdt
a t2 +b
n +1
V n dx= Xn+1 +C ,n 1
(a t2 +b) 2 tdt
22
22 aa ( a t2 +b) 2 tdt
1
1
2 a(at 2+ b) 2 tdt
2a
2 a ( at 2+ b )
1 2
+
2 2
2a
1
2 a ( a t 2 +b ) 2
2a
1
1
4 a ( at 2+ b ) 2 +C
2
2 a at 2 +b+C
av
a dv= Lna +C
dt
27. at+ b
V =at+b
dV =adt
adt
adt
a at + b = a at +b
ln|at+ b|
+C
a
xdx
28.
3 x 24
dv
=ln |v|+C
v
V =3 x 2 y
23
dV =6 xdx
1
6 xdx
6 3 x 24
dv
=ln |v|+C
v
1
ln |3 x 24|+C
6
4 xdx
29.
2 x 2 +6
dv
=ln |v|+C
v
V =2 x + 6
dV =4 xdx
ln |2 x 2+6|+C
30.
( 2 x 3 ) dx
(x 23 x +6)
dv
=ln |v|+C
v
ln |x 2+ 3 x +6|+C
31.
(x2 2) x3 6 x+3 dx
( x 2 ) ( x 6 x +3 )
2
1
2
n +1
V n dx= Xn+1 +C ,n 1
dx
V =x 36 x +3
dV =3 x 26
x 36 x+ 3
1
3
()
( x3 ex +3 ) 2 e 3 x 26 dx
24
( 3 )(
3
2
1 2 ( x 6 x+3 )
2 (x 36 x +3)2
+C
9
32.
X n +1
V dx= n+1 +C ,n 1
m+ny dy
V =m+ny
dV =ndy
1
1 3
+
3
1
n(m+ny ) 3
1
1 (m+ ny) 3
3
dy=
(m+ny
)
ndy=
n
n
n
1 3
+
3 3
+C
1 (m+ny ) 3
+C
n
4
3
4
1 ( 3 ) (m+ny) 3
+C
n
4
3
4
3 (m+ ny)3
+C
4n
33.
( x4)2 dx
n +1
V n dx= Xn+1 +C ,n 1
x8 x +16 dx
1
xdx 8 x 2 dx+ 16 dx
1
x dx8 x 2 dx+ 16 dx
x 2 16 x
+ 16 x +C
2
3
25
5 dx
34.
( 3 x 4 )2
(3 x 4)2 5 dx
a
+C
a v dv= Lna
V =3 x4
dV =3 dx
3 x4
3
5
5
(3 x 4) 3 dx
3
2+1
5 ( 3 x 4 )
3
2+1
5 (3 x4 )
3
1
5
(3 x1)1
3
5
+C
3 (3 x4)
26
cos vdv=sin v+ C
Ejemplo:
cos mydy
cos vdv=sin v+ C
V =my
dV =mdy
cos my m dy
1
cos mymdy
m
1
sin my+C
m
sec7 xdx
V =7 x
dV =7 dx
27
Ejemplo:
x cot x 2 dx
tan vdv=ln|cosv|+c
V =x 2
dV =2 xdx
cot x
2
1
2
xdx= cot x 2 xdx
2
2
1
ln |sin x 2|+ C
2
1tan2 x dx
tan vd v=ln|cosv|+c
2 sin x
1 cos x
2 tan x
2sin x cos2 x
dx=
dx=
dx=
2
2
2
2
sin x
1 sin x
(
)
cos
x
cos
xsin
x
1 2
1 cos2 x
cos x
28
sin 2 x
2
cos x
2 sin x cos x
tan2 x dx
V =2 x
dV =2dx
2
29
e v dv=e v
e 2 x dx
2
2 e 2 x dx
v= 2x dx= 2dx
1
e2 x 2 dx=
e 3 dx=v=
x
3
33 e 3
dx =
1 2x
e dx
2
dx
3
dv=
x
3
dx
e3
=3 dx=
3 e
3
3
x
3
3e +c
a nx dx
v= nx
dv= ndx
e v dv=e v
n nx
1
nx
e dx= a ndx=
n
2
nx
nx
1 a
a
+c=
+c
n Lna
nLna
30
Ejercicios
a)
e 4 x dx v =4 x dv=4 dx
e v dv=e v
1
e4 x
e 4 x 4 dx= e 4 x +c =
+C
4
4
e 4 x 44 dx= 14
b)
e ax +b dx v=4 x dv=4 dx
e v dv=e v
a
e ax+b a dx=
ax+b
1
1
e
e ax+b adx= eax+b + c=
+c
a
a
a
8x
c)
ee 5 x dx
e v dv=e v
e 3 x dx v=3 x dv=3 dx
3x
e 3 x 3 dx= 13 e 3 x +c= e3
d)
+c
e v dv=e v
31
1 4 x
e +c
4
e)
2 x 2 e x dx v=x 3 dv=3 x 2 dx
e v dv=e v
3
3
2 x 2 e x dx =
2
3
dx
f)
e 4 x = 54 x dx v=4 x dv=4 dx
av
a dv= Lna +C
v
4 x
4
1
1 54 x
54 x
4 x
dx=
5 4 dx= 4 ln 5 + c= ln 5 4 + c=
4
4
1
+c
5 ln 54
4x
g)
32 x dx v=2 x dv=2 dx
a v dv=
av
+C
Lna
1
1 32 x
32 x
32x
2x 2
2x
3
dx
3
2
dx=
+c=
+
c=
+c
2 = 2
2
2 3
ln 9
3
h)
b 4 x dx v=4 x dv=4 dx
v
a
+C
a v dv= Lna
32
4x
4
1
1 b4 x
b4 x
4x
dx= b 4 dx =
+ c= 4 +c
4
4
4 inb
lnb
3
x 2 ( 3e x ) dx =3 x 2 dx e x x2 dx v=x 3 dv=3 x 2 dx
i)
e v dv=e v
3
x3
3
1
1
ex
3
e x x2 dx=x 3 e x 3 x 2 dx=x 3 e x + c=x 3 + c
3
3
3
3
3
( )
en
x
x
dx
(a n ) dx v= dv=
n
n
e v dv=e v
n
n
dx a n dx=
n
n
e n dx a n dx= e n
x
n
an
n e n
+c
ln a
PRCTICA 1
1 3
+
1
3
1.
3 7 t dt= 7 t dt=7
2.
( y 5 y
5
2
a v dv=
4
3
1
4
t3 3
7t 3
3 t 4
+ c=
+c=
+c
1 3
4
4
+
3 3
3
2 y y ) dy= y
5
2
4
3
a v dv=
1
4
a
+C
Lna
1
2
dy 5 y dy 2 y dy y dy
av
+C
Lna
33
4 3
+
3 3
1 4
+
4 4
1 2
+
2 2
y
y
y
2
=
4 3
1 4 1 2
+
+
+
3 3
4 4 2 2
5 2
+
y2 2
5
5 2
+
2 2
7
2 y 2 15 y 3 8 y 4 2 y 2
+c
7
7
5
3
3.
dx
a
+C
a v dv= Lna
1 dx
1 x +3 =|x +3|+ c
4.
x
2
av
a dv= Lna +C
8 e dx v= 12 = 12 x dv= 12 dx
x
5.
e v dv=e v
2
e x 3 x+1 +c
2
6.
x 5 x dx v=x 2 dv =2 xdx
a
+C
a v dv= Lna
2
5x
+c
22 x 5 x dx = 12 2 xdx 5 x 2= 12 55xx + c= 25
x
2
7.
( 103 x2 x ) dx v =3 x dv=3 dx
a
+C
a v dv= Lna
dx
1 10 3 x
103 x
x2 +c =
x 2 +c
3 ln 10
3 ln 10
34
8.
5 sin 5 x dx = 5 5 sin 5 x dx
1
cos 5 x
cos 5 x dx +c=
+c
5
5
sinx
9.
cos2 x dx
sinx
sinx
10.
35
v2 a2
2
a2v 2
v a
a v
v = Variable de la integral
a= Numero de letra
dx
x2 +36
1
6
x
arc tan +c
6
v 2=x 2
a2=36
v =x a=6
dv=dx
dx
1.
16 x2 9
4
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
+a a
| |
va
v +a
dx
4 (16 x 29)
v 2=16 x 2
a2=16
v =4 x a=4
dv=dx
1
4 dx
4 (16 x2 9)
4 x +3+c
4 x3
1
ln
24
36
2.
dx
925 x 2
5
dv
v
=arcsen +C
2
2
a
a v
dx
925 x 2
1
5 dx
5 925 x2
1
5x
arc sen + c
5
3
v 2=25 x 2 a2=9
v =5 x a=3
dv=dx
37
ax 2+ bx+ c
se utiliza el
1.
x2 + 4 x+ 3
dx
x2 + 4 x+ 3+11
( x+2 )( x +2 )=(x+ 2)2
x 2+2 ( x )( 2 ) +22
2
x + 4 x +4
dx
x2 +4 x+ 4
dx
(x +2)21
2
v =( x +2)
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
a a
|vv+aa |
a =1
v =x+2 a=1
dv=dx
( x+2 ) +1+C
1
ln
2(1)
( x+2 )1
38
x +3+c
1
ln
2
x+1
3 dx
2.
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
+a a
3 dx
3 dx
x2 8 x+25
x2 8 x+259+ 9
(x4)2 +9
|va
v +a |
v 2=( x4)2
a =9
v =x4 a=3
dv=dx
arc tan
3.
(x4)
+C
3
dx
23 x4 x 2
( 4 x 2 +3 x2 )= 2 x+
2
4 x +3 x
3
4
)( )
32 41 41
+ =
16 16 16
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
+a a
3
3
3
9
=4 x 2 +2 ( 2 x )
+
=4 x 2+ 3 x +
4
4
4
16
( )( )
dx
3 2 41
(2 x+ )
4
16
2
2
dx
3 2 41
(2 x + )
4
16
|va
v +a |
1
3
3 2 41
ln 2 x+ + (2 x + ) +C
2
4
4
16
39
40
x2 +81
1.
v 2=x 2
dv
v 2 +a2 = a arctan a + C
a2=81
v =x a=9
dv=dx
1
x
arc tan +C
9
9
dy
by 2+ b3
2.
v =y
y
dy
= b( 2+b 2)
y
dy
( 2+b2 )
1
dv
v 2 +a2 = a arctan a + C
v=y
dv=dy
1
1
y
arc tan + C
( b ( a
b
1
y
arc tan +C
ab
b
dy
3.
y 216
v 2= y
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
+a a
+C
|va
v +a |
a2=16
v = y a=4
41
dv=dy
y + 4+C
1
ln
2(4)
y4
y + 4+C
1
ln
8
y4
dx
4.
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
a a
2 x 216
v 2=2 x 2
|vv+aa |+C
a2=16
v =2 x x a=4
dv= 2 dx
2 x+ 4+C
1 1
ln
2 8
2 x4
22 2 x dx
2
16
( )
2 x+ 4+C
1
(
) ln
8 2
2 x4
42
dx
5.
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
+a a
9 x2 144
v 2=9 x 2
+C
|va
v +a |
a2=144
v =3 x a=12
dv=3 dx
9x
3
dx
3 ( 2144 )
9x
3 dx
( 2144 )
1
3 x +12+ c
1 1
ln
3 24
3 x12
=
()
3 x +12+ c
1
ln
72
3 x12
dx
6.
x2 +6 x +99
v 2=(x +3)2
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
a a
|vv+aa |+C
a =9
v =x+3 a=3
dv=dx
( x +3 ) +3+c
1
ln
2(3)
( x+3 )3
( )
x
=
x +6+c
1
ln
6
dx
7.
x2 +5 x +6
43
( x + 52 )( x+ 52 )
5
x +5 x +
2
()
x 2+5 x +
25 1
4 4
dx
1 1
x2 +5 x +6+
4 4
5
2
x+
1
2
4
dx
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
a a
5 2
v 2=(x + )
2
|vv+aa |+C
a2=
1
4
5
1
v =x+ a=
2
2
dv=dx
5 1
X+
2 2
5 1
X + + + c
2 2
1
ln
1
2( )
2
44
X +2
X +3+ c
ln
dx
8.
2 x 2 +3 x+1
3
1
2+ x+
2
2
2
dx
1
2
dx
3
1 1
1
x 2 + x+ +
2
2 16 16
( x + 34 )( x+ 34 )
3 9
x 2+ +
2 16
9
8
1
=
16 16 16
x+
3
4
1
16
dx
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
a a
|vv+aa |+C
2
3 2
v 2=(x + )
4
a2=
1
16
3
1
v =x+ a=
4
4
dv=dx
45
3 1
X+
4 4
3 1
X + + + c
4 4
1 1
( )
ln
2
1
2( )
4
dx
9.
2 x 2 +9 x+ 4
9 2
v 2=(x + )
4
v =x+
X+
2 X + 1+c
=
ln
9
2+ x+ 2
2
2
dx
a2=
9
49 49
2+ x+ 2+
2
16 16
=
dx
49
16
9
4
dv=dx
9
x+
(
4
9
x+
(
4
9
81
x 2+ x+
2
16
81 32 49
=
16 16 16
1
2
dx
9 2 49
(x+ )
4
16
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
a a
|vv+aa |+C
46
9 7
X+
4 4
9 7
X + + + c
4 4
1 1
( )
ln
2
7
2( )
4
X+
2 X + 4+ c
1
ln
7
10.
dx
5
x +5 x14 +
x+
5
2 )
x 2+5 x +
x+
81 81
4
4
5
2 )
25
4
dx
5 2 81
x +
2
4
( )
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
+a a
+C
|va
v +a |
5 2
81
v 2=(x + ) a 2=
2
4
( 52 ) a= 92
v= x+
dv=dx
47
| |
5 9
x
1
2 2
1
x7
ln
+ C= ln
+C
2
5 9
9
x +2
x +
2 2
| |
48
Participacin
dx
1.
2.
1
= ln
a2dv
2
v a
254 x 2
a+ b
|ab
|+C
|)
2 dx
1
2 dx
1 1
5+2 x
=
=
ln
+C
2
2
2 ( 254 x ) 2 254 x 2 2 (5 ) 52 x
1
5+2 x
ln
+C
20
52 x
dt
259 x 2
dv
v
=arcsen +c
2
2
a
a v
v 2=9 x 2 a2=25
v =3 x a=5
dv=dx
33
3.
dx
1
3x
arc sen
+c
3 dt 2 13 32x 259 x2 + 25
2 3
2
5
259 x
259 x
()
x
3x
2 25
259 x + arc sen
+c
3
2
5
dx
4 x 27
v + v 2 a2+ c
dv
=ln
v 2a2
2 dx
1
2 dx
=
2
2 4 x 27
2 4 x 7
49
ln
4.
( 2 x + 4 x2 )
2
2 vdv
v 4 b3
+C
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
a 2 a
+C
|va
v +a |
v 2=v 4
v =v
dv=2 vdx
| |
3
2b
3
2
ln
v 2b 2
2
v +b
4 dx
5.
b4 x 2 +m2
3
2
+c
dv
v 2 +a2 = a arctan a + C
v 2=b4 x 2
v =b2 x
2
dv=b dx
1
4 b2 dx
4
b2 dx
=
b2 b4 x 2+ m2 b2 b 4 x 2 +m 2
4
2
b
1
b x
arc tan
+C
m
m
( )( )
50
6.
dz
3 z 2 +4 z
v =3 z
dv
=ln ( v + v 2 a2 ) +C
2
2
v a
v =3 z
dv= 3 dz
1
dz
7.
4
z2 + z
3
z+
2 2 4
+
3
9
( ( ) ( ) )
1
2 2
ln z+ +
3
3
dz
xdx
9x 4
z+
2 2 4
+ +C
3
9
dv
v
=arcsen +c
2
2
a
a v
v 2=x 4
v =x2
dv=dx
( 22 )
xdx
9x
1
2 xdx
2 9x 4
51
1
x2
arc sin +C
2
3
8.
5 dx
33 x 2
v =3 x
dv
v
=arcsen +c
2
2
a
a v
v =3 dx
dv=dx
5
dx
5
3 dx
=
( 33 ) 33
x 3 33 x
5
arc sin x+C
3
9.
dy
54 y 2
v =4 y
dv
v
=arcsen +c
2
2
a
a v
v =2 y
dv=2 dy
( 22 )
dy
1
2 dy 2
2 2
54 y
54 y
arc sin
2y
+C
5
52
dy
10.
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
a 2 a
25 aa3 y2
a
dy
ady
+C
|va
v +a |
1
( a ) 25 aa2 y 2 = a 25 aa3 y 2 =( a )
( )|
1
ay5
ln
+C
ay +5
2(5)
+C
( 101a ) ln|ay5
ay +5 |
dx
11.
x2 +8 x
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
a 2 a
| |
va
+C
v +a
v 2=(x +4)2
v =x+ 4
dv=dx
dx
1
x
= ln
+C
2
x +8
(x +4 ) 16 8
( )
dy
12.
52 y 2
v =2 y
1
= ln
a2dv
2
v 2 a
a+ v
|av
|+ C
v =2 y
dv= 2 dy
53
22
2 dy
( ) 52dy y = 12 52
y
2
|
( )
1
1
ln
2 2( 5)
dw
13
v = w
4
2
5+ 2 y
1
+C=
ln
5 2 y
2 10
13 w2 w215
13.
v = w
13
4
5+ 2 y
+C
5 2 y
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
a 2 a
+C
|va
v +a |
dv=da
1
2
dw
1
dw
=
2
13 15
2
13
49
w
w
2
2
4
16
2
( )|
| |
13 7
3
w )+
w
(
( 12 ) 2 17 ln w 134 47 +C=( 17 ) ln w52 +C
(4) ( 4 ) 4
dx
14.
5+9 a+2 a2
1
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
2
a
a
+C
|va
v +a |
dx
1
dx
9
5 2
9 2 41
a2 + a+
(a+
)
2
2
4
4
54
( )|
( 12 ) 2 141
4
dx
15.
| | |
9 41
9 41
a+ )+
a+ )+
(
(
4
4
4
4
1
ln
+ C=(
ln
+C
9 41
41 )
9 41
(a+ 4 ) 4
( a+ 4 ) 4
x2 +5 x +6
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
a 2 a
+C
|va
v +a |
5 2
v 2=(x + )
2
5
v =( x + )
2
dv=dx
| |
5 1
x+
1
2 2
ln
+C
dx2
5 1
5
1 2 1
x+ +
(x + )
2 2
2
2
4
()
ln
16.
+C
| x+2
x+3 |
dv
3 z 2 +4 z
dv
2
2
=ln ( v + v a ) +C
2
2
v a
4 2
v 2=(z + )
3
2
v =( z + )
3
55
dv=dz
dv
4
( 3 ) z 2+ z
3
dv
z2 +
[( )
2 2
3
3
1
2
2 2 4
ln 2+ + ( z+ z ) + +C
3
3
9
3
17.
dx
2 x 2+ x
dv
=ln ( v + v 2 a2 ) +C
2
2
v a
1
v 2=(x + )
4
1
v =( x + )
4
dv=dx
dx
1
2 x 2+ x
2
[(
dw
w 9 w+5
dx
x+
1 2 1
4
16
1
1
1 2 1
ln x + + (x + )
+C
4
4
16
2
18.
1
= ln
v 2dv
2
a 2 a
+C
|va
v +a |
56
9 2
v =(w + )
2
2
v =( w+9)
dv=dw
dw
=
w 9 w+5
2
9
ln w +
2
19.
dw
9 2 1
( w+ )
2
4
9 2 1
+C
2
4
dx
4 x 4 x+3
2
dv
=ln ( v + v 2 a2 ) +C
2
2
v a
v 2=(2 x2)2
v =(2 x2)
dv=2 dx
dx
(2 x2 ) 1
2
dx
( 22 ) ( 2 x2
) 1
2
( 2 x2 )21
( 2 x2 ) +
1
2 dx
1
= ln
2
2 ( 2 x 2 ) 1 2
57
20.
dx
3 x 2 +4
dv
v 2 +a2 = a arctan a + C
v 2=(3 x)2
v =3 x
dv= 3 dx
dx
=
3 x 2 +4
1
2 5
21.
arc tan
32 x
+C
2
dy
12 y 2
dv
v
=arcsen +c
2
2
a
a v
v 2=2 y 2
v =2 y
dv=dy
dy
12 y 2
1
24
arc si n + C
2
2
58
22.
dw
5 w + 22w8
1
= ln
a2dv
2
v 2 a
v 2=(w +
v =( w+
a+ v
|av
|+ C
11
)
5
11
)
5
dv=dw
dw
1
dw
=
5 w + 22w8 5 81 w 11
16
5
81
11
w
15
5
1
ln
11
81
11
5 w
w
5
15
5
dx
23.
x2 +b 4
(
(
) +C
)
2
dv
v 2 +a2 = a arctan a + C
v 2=x 2
v =x
dv=dx
1
x
arc tan 2 +C
2
b
b
59
dt
24.
dv
2t 2 +7
v =2t
v 2 +a2 = a arctan a + C
v =2 t
dv= 2 dt
22
( )
dt
1
2 dt
= 2
2
2t + 7 2 2 t +7
25.
( 2 x +1 )2a2 dx
dv
2
2
=ln ( v + v a ) +C
2
2
v a
v 2=(2 x+1)2
v =(2 x+ 1)
dv=2 dx
2
( 2 x+ 1 )2
( ( 2 x +1 )2a2 ) a [ ln ( 2 x+1 ) + ( 2 x+1 )2a2 ] +C
2
2
60
26.
dy
y + y +1
dv
=ln ( v + v 2 a2 ) +C
2
2
v a
1 2
v 2=( y + )
2
v =( y +1)
dv=dy
dy
y+
1 2 3
+
2
4
[( ) ((
ln x+
27.
1
+
2
x+
)]
1 2 3
+
+C
2
4
dw
5 w2 w 2
dv
=ln ( v + v 2 a2 ) +C
2
2
v a
5 2
v 2=(w + )
4
5
v =( w+ )
4
dv=dw
( )
dw
5
ww2
2
1
dw
1
dw
=
2
2
5
5 2 25
ww 2
w +
2
4
4
61
[(
) ((
1
5
ln w +
4
2
3 xx 2 dx
28.
) ( ) ) ]+ C
5 2 5
+
4
2
dv
v
=arcsen +c
2
2
a
a v
3
v 2=(x + )
2
3
v =( x + )
2
dv=dx
(x)
3 2 9
x dx
2
4
( 32 )
2
29.
( ( ) )
9
3
x
4
2
3 x2 4 dx
4
+ arc sin
2
a v dv=
x
3
2
3
2
+C
a
+C
Lna
v 2=3 x 2
v =3 x
62
dv= 3 dx
3 x2 4 dx= 3 3 x 24 3 dx=
( 2 ) (x )
2
( 3 x 24 )+ 4 ln { ( 3 ) ( x ) + [ 3 x 24 ] }+ C
2
( 2 ) ( x )
2
( 3 x 24 ) +2 ln { ( 3 ) ( x ) + [ 3 x2 4 ] }+C
63
Sustitucin trigonomtrica
Caso
a2u 2
Cambio
u=a sin z
Diferencial
du=a cos z dz
Transformacin
a2u 2a cos z
Triangulo
a
u
a2u 2
u=a tan z
u2+ a2
du=a sec z
u2+ a2 u
a
u=a sec z
u2 a 2
a u2a 2
u
Ejemplo:
(Caso 2):
u2+ a2
7
2+
dy
dy
=
3
2+a
u=7
( y 2 +7 ) 2
64
u2= y 2 u= y
2
a =7 a= 7
Cambio
a= 7
u= 7 tan z
2
2+7
Transformacin:
z
7 sec
z
sec 2
2 7 sec z
7 sec 2 zdz
Se integra:
dz
7 sec z
1
dz
7 sec z
1
=cos z
sec z
1
cos z dz
7
65
1
sin z+ C
7
1
7
sin z=
CO
y
= 2
HIP x +7
y
+C
y 2 +7
Ejemplo:
Caso 3:
u2a 2
x 3 dx
2
x 4
u2=x 2 u=x
2
a =4 a=2
du=dx
u=asec z
u=2 sec z
du=2 sec z tan z dz
x24=2 tan z
z
2 sec
3 2 sec z tan z dz
66
( 2 sec z )3 sec z dz
(2)3 sec 4 z dz
8 sec4 z dz
8 sec 4 z dz
1+ tan
( 2 z)sec 2 z dz
8
2
8
8 tan z + tan 3 z +C
3
tan z=
x2 4
2
x 24
2
) (
8
+
3
x 24
2
+C
x24
4 x 4+
2
( x 24 )
3
+C
( x 24 ) ( x2 4 )
4 x 4+
2
4 x 4+
2
(x 4) ( x 4 )
+C
3
2
Ejercicios:
67
5
2+
dw
dw
=
3
1)
( w 2+5 ) 2
2
u =w u=w
2
a =5 a= 5
2+ 5
( tranformac i n )
z
5 sec
z
sec 2
2 5 sec z
2
5
sec
zdz
68
dz
5 sec z
1
dz
5 sec z
1
=cos z
sec z
1
cos z dz
5
w2 +5 w
1
sin z+C
5
sin z=
y
w2 +5
1
y
+C
5 w 2+ 5
2.-
y dy
( y +3 )
u2= y 2 u= y
a2=3 a= 3
=
3
2
y dy
( y +3 )
2
y 2+3
du=dy
u=atan z
u= 3 tan z
69
du= 3 sec 2 z dz
y 2+3= 3 sec z
2
( 3 tan z ) 3 sec 2 z dz
2
( 3 sec z )
3 tan2 z dz
2
3 tan z dz =3 sec x1
3 tan z dx
3 tan zx +C
tan z=
y
y
=3 x +C
3 3
2
x dx
3.- 16x 2
u=4 sin z
du=4 cos z dz
16x 2
4 cos z
( 4 sin z )2
70
1
1
16 sen 2 z dz= z sin 2 z +C
2
4
sin
x
4
1
1 x
z
2 z +C
2
4 4
()
x3 dx
4.- x 216
u2=x 2 u=x du=dx
2
a =16 a=4
u=4 sec z du=4 sec z tan z d z
x26=4 tan z
x x 216
4
z
4 sec
3
4 sec z tan z dz
sec 2 z
z
tan dz
z( )
4 sec
71
sec3 z dz
z
sec z+ tan
+ C
1
z + ln
2
1
sec z tan
2
4
z
sec z +tan +C
z +2 ln
2 sec z tan
sec=
x
4
tan
x 216
4
( )(
x 216
x
4
) (
+2 ln
x x 216
+
+C
4
4
x x 216
x+ x 216
+2 ln
+C
8
16
dx
5.
x 2
x +36
x x2 +36=6 sec z
x2 +36 u=x
a=6
72
6 sec 2 dz
6 sec z dz = 6 sec z dz
z
sec z +tan +C
z dz =ln
sec
6
sec
tan
x 2 +36
6
x
6
x 2 +36 + x
6
+ C
ln
73
a=
du=dx du=
u=
3 cos z dz
3 sen z
a2u 2
3 cos z
4
( 3 sen z ) ( 3 cos z )
4
dz= ( 3 ) sen 4 z dz= 9 sen 4 z dz
x dx 2 =
3 cos z
3x
1
41
sen4 1 z cos z
sen 42 z dz=
4
4
)] (
1
3 1+cos 2 z
1
3+ 3 cos 2 z
sen3 z cos z
=9
sen3 z cos z
=
4
4
2
4
8
z
2z
27 +27 cos
3
18 sen z cos z+ 2727 cos 2 z
72 sen3 z cos +
74
18
x 3 3x 2
3x 2 x 2 32 x 2
+2727
=
9
3
3
3
8
2 x 3 3x2 +18 x 2 2 ( x
=
8
u2 = x2 a2=11
u= x
a=
( 2 ) ( 2 )( 2 )
(2)
11 sec z tan z dz
du=
11
3x 2) + 2 ( 9 x 2 ) = ( x 3 3x 2) + ( 9 x 2) +c
u=
11 sec z
u2a 2
11 tan z
dx
11 sec z tan z dz = ( 11 ) ( sec z ) ( tan z ) dz =
=
2
2
( 11 sec z ) ( 11 tan z )
( 11 ) ( sec2 z ) ( 11 ) ( tan z )
x2 x2 11
x2 11
1
sen z
x
x 211
sen
z+
c=
+
c=
+c=
+c
11
11
11
11 x
( sec z ) dz
1
dz
1
=
=
11 ( sec z ) ( sec z ) 11 dz
sec z 11 sec z 11
cos z dz=
u2 = y2 a2 = 3 du=
u= y
a=
3 cos z dz
du= dy
3 sen z
a2u 2
u=
3 cos z
75
( 3 )
sen 3 z 3 cos2
2
( 9 ) 1 sen2 z cos z 2 (cos z ) = 9 sen z cos z + 18 cos z
3
3
3
3
y2
3
3
( )(
3 y 2
3
3 y ( 6+ y )
6 3 y 2
+
+ c=
+c
3
3
2
76
u . dv=u . v v du
2.
3.
v du
1.
Se eligen como
Se eligen como
dv
coseno
Ejemplo:
1.
x sen x
u=x
dv=sen x
du=dx
v =cos x+ c
77
u . dv=u . v v du
x
cos cos x dx
( x)
xcos xsen x+ c
2.
x e x dx
u=x
du=e x
du=dx
v =e x +c
u . dv=u . v v du
x
x . e e dx
x e x e x + c
x
e ( x1)+ c
3.
arc tan x dx
u=arc tan x
du=
dx
2
1+ x
du=dx
v =x+ c
u . dv=u . v v du
78
x
arc tan ( x ) x
dx
2
1+ x
( )
arc tan x x
x
dx
1+ x 2
( )
1
2
arc tan x x ln |1+ x |+ c
2
4.
x eax dx
u=x
du=e ax
dx
du=dx
v =e ax +c
u . dv=u . v v du
(x)
( 1a e ) 1a e
ax
ax
dx
ax
xe
1
eax dx
a
a
x e ax 1 1 ax
e +c
a
a a
( )
ax
ax
xe
e
2 +c
a
a
79
5.
xe
x
3
dx
u=x
du=e
x
3
dx
du=dx
x
3
v =e + c
u . dv=u . v v du
( ) ( )
( x ) 3 e 3 3 e 3 dx
x
x 3 e 3 3 e 3 dx
x
x 3 e 3 3 ( 3 ) e 3 dx
x
x 3 e 3 9 e 3 + c
x
3
3 e ( x3)+ c
6.
x sen 5 x dx
u=x
du=sen 5 x
du=dx
v =cos 5 x +c
dx
u . dv=u . v v du
(x)
( 15 cos 5 x) ( 15 cos 5 x) dx
80
(x)
( 15 cos 5 x) 15 15 cos 5 x dx
1
1
x cos 5 x+ sen 5 x +c
5
25
Actividad 1
1.
x cos 4 x dx
u=x
du=cos 4 x dx
du=dx
v =sen 4 x
u . dv=u . v v du
(x)
( 14 sen 4 x) 14 sen 4 x dx
1
1
x sen 4 x sen 4 x dx
4
4
1
1 1
x sen 4 x cos 4 x dx
4
4 4
1
1 1
x sen 4 x + cos 4 x+ c
4
4 16
2.
x 2 ln x dx
81
u=ln x
du=
du=x2 dx
1
x
v = x2 dx=
x3
3
u . dv=u . v v du
( )
(ln x )
ln
x3 1x
x3 1 x3
3 x 3
ln
3.
x
3
x 3 x3
+c
3 9
x n ln x dx
u=ln x
du=
dx
x
du=x n dx
v =
x n +1
+c
n+ 1
u . dv=u . v v du
x n +1
x n+1 dx
ln x
n+1
n+1 x
( )
( )
x n +1
xn +1 dx
ln x
n+ 1
n+1 x
82
x n +1
1
ln x
x n dx
n+ 1
(n+1)
1
x n +1
(n+1) n+ 1
x n+1
ln
n+1
( )
x n+1
2(n+1)
x n+1
ln
n+1
1
+c
n+1
ln
n+1
x
n+1
( )
4.
arc cos ax dx
u=arc cos ax
du=
a
1(ax )2
du=dx
v =x+ c
u . dv=u . v v du
( arc cos ax ) ( x ) x
x arc cos ax
a
1 ( ax )2
1( ax )
dx
83
2
2
x arc cos ax ax ( 1( ax ) ) 2 dx
2
1
1
x arc cos ax 2 ax ( 1(ax )2) 2 dx
2
x arc cos ax
1
2 2
1 ( 1(ax )
2
1
2
1
x arc cos ax 2 ( 1(ax )2) 2
2
x arc cos ax
2 ( 1( ax )
2
1
2 2
+c
x arc cos ax 1( ax ) +c
2
5.
arc sen bx dx
u=arcsen bx
du=
1
1bx2
du=dx
v =x
u . dv=u . v v du
( arc sen bx )( x ) x
x arc sen bx
b
1bx
dx
xb
dx
1bx 2
84
1
2 2
x arc sen bx
2
xb ( 1bx 2 )
2
1
2
1
x arc sen bx + 2 x b ( 1bx 2 ) 2 dx
2
1
( 1bx2 ) 2
1
x arc sen bx + 2 x b
dx
2
1
2
x arc sen bx +
1
( 2 ( 1bx 2 ) ) dx
2
x arc sen bx +
2
1 ( 2 ( 1bx ) )
dx
2
2
1
x arc sen bx ( 1bx 2) 2 dx
2
6.
arc tan ax dx
u=arctan ax
du=
1
1+ x 2
du=dx
v =x
u . dv=u . v v du
( arc tan ax ) ( x ) x
( )
1+ x
dx
85
x arctan ax
ax
1+ x 2
x arctan ax
2 ax
2 1+ x 2
arctan ax
1
ax
2 1+ x2
1
arctan ax ( ln 1+ a x2 )
2
arctan axln 1+ a x 2 +c
7.
arc sen mx dx
u=arcsen mx
du=
1
1x 2
du=dx
v =x
u . dv=u . v v du
( arcsenmx ) ( x ) x
x arcsenmx
m
1mx2
xm
1mx2
1
2
x arcsenmx
xm ( 1mx 2 ) 2
2
86
1
x arcsenmx 2 xm ( 1mx 2 )
2
1
2
1
2 2
x arcsenmx
x arcsenmx
( )
1 ( 1mx )
2
1
2
1
2 ( 1m x 2 ) 2
2
x arcsenmx 1m x 2
8.
x 3 e4 x dx
u=x
du=e
4x
1
v = ( e 4 x ) +c
4
du=3 x 2
u . dv=u . v v du
( x3 )
( 14 e ) 14 e
( x3 )
( 14 e ) 34 e
4x
4x
( e 4 x ) ( 2 x ) 2
( e 4 x x 2 )
4x
3 x2
4x
x2
1 4x
e dx
4
2
x e4 x dx
4
87
x e 4 x x 2
1
e 4 x dx
4
x e 4 x x 2
1 4 4x
e dx
44
x e 4 x x 2
1
e 4 x 4 dx
16
x e 4 x x 2
e4 x
16
x3
1 4x 3 4x 2 2
e4 x
e e x x e 4 x x2
4
4
4
16
x3
1 4x 3 4x 2 2 x e x 6e
e e x
4
4
8
96
9.
4x
4x
)]
x 2 sen bx dx
u=x 2
du=sen bx
du=2 x
1
v = (cos bx ) +c
b
u . dv=u . v v du
( x2 )
( 1b (cos bx ) ) 1b (cos bx ) 2 x
1
1
x 2 cos bx cos bx 2 x
b
b
88
1
2
x 2 cos bx cos bx x
b
b
1
1
x cos bx+ cos bx dx
b
b
1
1 b
x cos bx+ cos bx dx
b
b b
1
1b
x cos bx+
b cos bx dx
b
b b
1
sen bx
x cos bx+
dx
b
b2
1
2 1
sen bx
x cos bx+
cos bx + 2 dx dx
b
b b
b
1
x cos bx 2 sen bx
x cos bx+
+
+c
b
b2
b3
10.
x 3 cos 2 dx
u=x 3
du=3 x
x
2
du=2 cos
2
v =2 sen
x
2
u . dv=u . v v du
x
x
x3 2 sen 6 sen x2
2
2
89
x
x
x3 2 sen 6 sen x2
2
2
x
x
x 2 2 cos +4 cos x
2
2
x 2 sen
x
x
2 sen dx
2
2
x
x
x 2 sen 2 sen dx
2
2
x
x
x 2 sen 4 cos
2
2
x
x
x
x
x3 2 sen 6 x 2 2 cos +4 x 2 sen 4 cos
2
2
2
2
)]
x
x
x
x
x3 2 sen 6 x 2 2 cos 8 x sen 16 cos
2
2
2
2
x
x
x
x
x3 2 sen 12 x 2 2 cos 48 x sen 96 cos
2
2
2
2
t dt
11.
5 t +3
u=t
du=dt
du=( 5 t+3 ) 2 dt
1
2 ( 5 t +3 ) 2
v=
5
u . dv=u . v v du
90
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
=
(5 t +3) dt=
2
5
5
5
5
25
5
2
5
2
2 ( 5 t +3 ) 2
4
( 5 t+ 3 )
5
25
5 t+3
2
t
x 3 e4 x dx
13.
u=x 3
du=e 4 x
du=3 x 2
1
v = ( e4 x )
4
u . dv=u . v v du
1 4x
( e ) 1 ( e 4 x ) 3 x 2
4
4
( 3 x2 )
(6 x )
x3
( 161 e ) 161 e
4x
4x
( 641 e ) 641 e
4x
6x
4x
1 4x
( e ) ( 3 x 2 ) 1 e 4 x ( 6 x ) 1 e 4 x 1 e 4 x +c
4
16
64
264
91
14.
x 2 e x dx
u=x 2
du=e x
du=2 x
v =e x +c
u . dv=u . v v du
2 x
x e e 2 x dx
2 x e x e x 2 dx
( x 2 e x ) 2 x e x 2 e x +c
15.
y sec 2 my dy
u= y
du=sec 2 my
du=dy
v =tgmy +c
u . dv=u . v v du
y tg my tg my dy
y tg my
y tg my
m
tg my dy
m
1
mtg my dy
m
92
y tg my
1
ln |sec my|+c
m
y tg my
ln |sec my|
+c
m
93
xe 3dxx
1.
x 2 e3 x dx
u=x
3 x
du=e
du=2 xdx
3 x
v=
+c
u . dv=u . v v du
( x2 )
( )
x2
2
3 x
e xdx
3x
3
3e
(x)
e3 x
e3 x
2 x dx
3
3
e3 x
e3 x xdx
3
( )
x
1
e 3 x dx
3x
3
3e
u=x
dv=e3 x
du=dx
e3 x
v=
+c
3
1 3 x
( e +c )
3
x
1
3 x +c
3x
3e
9e
94
x2
2 x
1
3x
3x
3x
3 3e
3e
9e
x2
2x
2
3x
+c
3x
3e
9e
27 e 3 x
1
2x 2
2
x + +c
3x
3 9
3e
2.
x 3 dx
( x 2+2 )
x ( x +2 ) dx
2
2
( x2 +2 ) 2 x dx
2
x2
( x 2+ 2 )
2
1
( x 2 +2 )
2
2
( x 2 +2 )
( 2 x ) dx
2
1
( x ) dx
( x +2 )
2
x ( x +2 )
x dx
2
2
( x + 2)
95
x 2 ( x2 +2 )
2 x dx
2
2 ( x2 +2 )
2
x ( x +2 )
1 2 x dx
+ 2
2
2 ( x +2 )
1
x 2 ( x2 +2 )
1
+ ln |x 2+ 2|+ c
2
2
3.
x2
1
+ ln| x2 +2|+ c
2
2 ( x + 2) 2
( sin x )2 xdx
sen2 x xdx
u=x
du=sen
du=dx
(x)
v=
1
1
x sen 2 x
2
2
1
1
1
1
x sen ( 2 x ) x sen 2 x dx
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
x sen 2 x x sen 2 x dx
2
2
2
2
x dx
x2 1
sen ( 2 x ) dx 14 cos 2 x
2 2
1 x2 1
+ cos 2 x
2 2 4
)
96
x 1
1 x2 1
sen 2 x
+ cos 2 x +c
2 2
2 2 4
x 1
1
1
cos 2 x x x sen 2 x + c
2 2
2
2
) (
) (
x2 1
x2 1
x sen 2 x cos 2 x+ c
2 4
4 8
x 2 x sen 2 x x 2 cos 2 x
+c
2
4
4
8
4.
x 2 cos x dx
u=x
du=2 x
du=cos x
v =sen x
x sen x sen x 2 x dx
u=x
du=sen x
du=dx
v =cos x
5.
x 2 2 x dx
u=x 2
du=2 x
97
du=2 x
( x2 )
2x
2x
2 x dx
ln 2
ln 2
( )
2x
v=
ln2
2 x
2
2x x dx
ln 2 ln2
u=x
du=2 x
du=dx
x
v=
x
2
ln2
x2
2
x2
1
dx=
2 x dx
ln 2
ln 2
ln 2 ln 2
x
2 x 2 x2
x2
2
dx
+c
ln 2
ln 2
ln 2 ( ln 2 )2
2 x x 2 2 x 2x 2 2x
+
c
ln 2 ( ln 2 )2 ( ln 2 )3
2 x 2 2x
2
x
+
+c
ln 2
ln 2 ( ln 2 )2
6.
x 5 ln x dx
x6
x6 1
ln x
dx
6
6 x
()
x6
1 x6
ln x dx
6
6 6
x6
1
ln x x5 dx
6
6
98
x6
1
ln x x6
6
36
x6
1
ln x + c
6
6
7.
x sin10 x dx
(x)
( cos1010 x ) cos1010 x dx
u=x
du=sen 10 x
du=dx
v=
cos 10 x
10
10
1
sin 10 x dx= sen 10 x dx
10
10
x cos 10 x 1
+ sen 10 x dx
10
10
x cos 10 x 1 1
+
10
10 10
x cos 10 x 1
+
( sen 10 x )+ c
10
100
x cos 10 x sen 10 x
+
+c
10
100
sen 10 x x cos 10 x
+c
100
10
1 swn 10 x
xcos 10 x +c
10
10
8.
( ) cos 10 x 10 dx
ln x dx
99
u=ln x
du=
du=1
1
x
v =x
( ln x )( x ) ( x )
( 1x )dx
x lnx+ c
9.
cos x
u=x
du=sec x dx
du=dx
v =( secx+tgx )+ c
10.
( x 3 +5 x2 2 ) e2 x dx
3
2x
u=x +5 x 2
du=e dx
( x 3 +5 x 22 ) e 2 x
2
u=3 x 2 +10 x
2x
v=
e
+c
2
e2 x ( 2
3 x +10 x ) dx
2
du=e 2 x dx
100
du=6 x+10 dx
( x 3 +5 x 22 ) e 2 x
2
e2 x
v= +c
4
e2 x
e2 x
( 3 x 2+10 x )
( 6 x +10 ) dx
4
4
u=3 x 2 +10 x
du=6 x+10 dx
( 6 x+10 )
( ) ( )
du=e 2 x dx
v=
e2 x
+c
8
e2 x
e2 x
( 6 ) dx
8
8
( ) ( )
( 2 )( 3 ) e 2 x
6
e2 x dx=
8
( 2 )( 4 )
3 e2 x
+c
8
( 3 x 2 +10 x ) ( e2 x ) ( 3 x 2+ 10 x ) e 2 x 6 x +10 3 e2 x
+c
e2 x 3
3 x 2 +10 x 6 x+ 10 3
x + 5 x 22
+c
2
2
4
4
101
P( x )
Q(x)
Donde:
P( x)
y Q( x)
grado que
P( x)
es menor que el
Q(x)
A
ax+ b
EJEMPLOS
1.
( 7 x+29 ) dx
x 2 +8 x+15
102
( 7 x+ 29 ) dx
( x +3 ) (x +5)
Paso 2. Separar cada factor de acuerdo a la formacin correspondiente
( 7 x+ 29 ) dx
( x +3 ) (x +5)
A
B
+
( x+ 3) ( x +5)
( 7 x+ 29 ) dx
( x +3 ) (x +5)
7 x+ 29=
A ( x +5 ) + B( x +3)
(x +3)( x+ 5)
7 x+ 29= A ( x+ 5 ) +B ( x+3)
29=5 A+3 B
7= A +B
29=5 A+3 B
Paso 6. Resolver por cualquier mtodo el S.E y obtener el valor de cada variable
A + B=7
de laEc. 1
103
A=7B
sustituir en la Ec. 2
29=5 ( 7B ) +3 B
29=355 B+ 3 B
2935=2 B
6=2 B
B=3
A=73
A=4
( 7 x+29 ) dx
x 2 +8 x+15
x+3 + x+5
= 4 ln |x+3|+3 ln |x +5|+c
2.
( 4 x2 )
dx
x x 22 x
3
( 4 x2 )
x ( x+1 ) (x 2)
Paso 2. Separar cada factor de acuerdo a la formacin correspondiente
( 4 x2 )
x ( x+1 ) (x 2) =
A
B
C
+
+
x x+ 1 x2
( 4 x2 )
x ( x+1 ) (x 2) =
A ( x +1 ) ( x 2 )+ B ( x )( x2 )+C ( x )( x+1)
x ( x +1)( x2)
( 4 x 2 ) =
( 4 x 2 )= A ( x+ 1 )( x2 ) + B ( x ) ( x2 ) +C ( x ) ( x +1 )
Paso 4. Agrupar y factorizar los trminos semejantes
Paso 6. Resolver por cualquier mtodo el S.E y obtener el valor de cada variable
x 2 0=A + B+C
x 0=A2 B+C
Numero2=2 A
A=1
105
B=1C
4=1+2+2C +C
4=3 C+ 1
41=3C
3=3 C
C=1
Sustituir C en el despeje de B y obtener su valor
B=11
B=2
( 4 x2 )
dx
2
x x 2 x
3
2
1
+
dx
( 1x x+1
x 2 )
dx
2 dx
dx
+
x
x +1
x2
106
ln x2 ln |x +1|+ln |x2|+ c
EJERCICIO
( x +4 ) dx
x +3 x 2 +2 x
x+ 4
x ( x +3 x+2 )
x+ 4
A
B
C
= +
+
x ( x +2)(x+1) x ( x +2) (x +1)
A ( x +2 ) ( x+1 ) + B ( x+ 2 )( x +1 )+ C ( x+ 2 ) x
x+ 4
=
x ( x +2)(x+1)
x ( x +2)(x+1)
x+ 4=
x+ 4= A ( x+ 2 )( x +1 ) +Bx ( x +1 ) ( x+1 ) +C ( x +2 ) x
2
107
x 0=A + B+C
x 1=3 AB+2C
Numero 4=2 A
A=2
0=2+ B+C
2C=B
1=3(2)(2C)+2 C
1=62C +2 C
C=3
B=2(3)
B=2+3
B=1
0=2+ 1+(3)
108
0=33
0=0
3
( 2x + ( x+1 2) + (x+1)
) dx
2
1
3
dx+
dx +
dx
x
( x +2)
( x+ 1)
2 ln |x|+ ln |x +2|3 ln|x +1|+ c
PRACTICA
6
dx=
( x 1 )
109
( x1 )( x +1 )
A ( x+ 1 )+ B(x 1)
A
B
6
Ax + A+ BxB
+
=
=
=
=6= Ax+ A +BxB
( x1) (x +1)
( x+ 1 ) ( x1)
( x1 ) ( x+ 1)
( x +1 ) (x1)
0=A+B
6=A-B
A=6+B
0=6+B+B
0=6+2B
-2B=6
B=
6
=3
2
A=63=3
3
3 dx
2 x +3
2 x +3
x 29 dx
110
A=2B
3=3 ( 2B )3 B
363 B3 B
36=6 B
3
1
=B=
6
2
A=
3
2
dx 1
dx
+
=
x3 2 x +3
3
1
2
(x3) dx+ x+2 3 dx= 32
3
1
ln |x3|+ ln |x+ 3|+c
2
2
3 x+ 11
3 x+11
x2 x6 = ( x3 ) ( x +3)
A ( x+ 2 )+ B(x 3)
3 x +11
A
B
3 x +11
=
+
=
=
( x3 ) (x+ 2) (x3) x +2 ( x3 ) (x +2)
( x3 ) ( x +2)
3 x+11= Ax+2 A+ Bx3 B
3= A+ B
11=2 A3 B
111
B+ A=3 B=3 A
11=6 A9 A=
20
=4
5
B=34=1
4 dx
dx
dx
dx
2x
2x
x( x+5) = x + ( x+5) = x2 +5 x =
A ( x +5 ) + B(x)
x ( x +5)
2x= Ax+ 5 A+ Bx
1=A + B
2=5 A
A=
2
5
B=
3
5
2
3
5
5
2 dx 3
dx 2
3
x dx+ x+ 5 dx= 5 x 5 x +5 = 5 ln|x| 5 ln|x +5|+ c
112
CASO II. Los factores del denominador son todos de primer grado y algunos se
repiten. Si tienen un factor de la forma
A
B
C
Z
+
+
++
n
n1
n2
ax +b
( ax+ b ) ( ax +b )
( ax+ b )
( 3 x 2+5 x ) dx
(x1) ( x +1 )
( 3 x 2 +5 x ) dx
( x1) ( x +1 )
( 3 x 2 +5 x ) dx
A
B
C
+
+
2
( x1) ( x +1 ) (x+1)
2
A ( x +1 ) + B ( x+ 1 )+ C ( x1 ) ( x +1 )
=
2
2
(x1) ( x +1 )
( x 1) ( x+1 )
A ( x 2 +2 x+1 ) + B ( x+ 1 )+ C ( x 2 )
2
(x1)( x +1 )
Resolvemos y obtenemos cada uno de las variables
2
2
3 x +5 x=x ( A+ C ) + x (2 A+ B ) + ABC
A+C=3
2A+B=5
A-B-C=0
A=1
B=1
113
C=1
Rescribimos la integral
( 3 x 2+5 x ) dx
(x1) ( x +1 )
2 dx
dx
dx
(x1) + ( x+ 1 )2 + ( x1)
2 ln |x1|
1
+ ln| x+1|+ c
x +1
ln |( x +1 )( x1 )2|
1
+c
x +1
Ejemplo. Resuelve
( y 48 )
y 3+ 2 y 2 dy
Como podemos darnos cuenta el denominador tiene menor grado que el
numerador, por lo tanto, se efecta una divisin resolver la divisin.
y 48
4 y 28
=
y
2+
y 3 2 y 2
y 3 2 y 2
4 y 28
y2+ 3
dy
y 2 y 2
y dy2 dy +
4 y 28
dy
y 32 y 2
La integral
y43y28y 2
4 y 28 4 y 28 A B C
=
+ +
y y +2
y 3 2 y 2 y 2 ( y +2 )
y2
2
4 y 28 A ( y+ 2 )+ By ( y+ 2 )+C y
=
y 3 2 y 2
y 2 ( y +2)
2
4 y 28 y ( B+C )+ y ( A+ 2 B ) +2 A
=
y 3 2 y 2
y 2 ( y +2)
4 y 28
dy
dy
dy
dy=4 2 +2 +2
3
2
y
y +2
y 2 y
y
4
+2 ln | y|+2 ln | y +2|+ c
y
4
+ ( 2 ln | y|+2 ln | y +2|) + c
y
4
+2 ln | y 2 +2|+c
y
4
2 y + +2 ln | y 2 +2|+ c
y
EJERCICIOS
115
x +4
1.
x3 +3 x 2 +2 x dx
4 x 22 x +1
2. 4 x3 x dx
2
2 x 5 x+ 4 dx
A
B
C
=
+
+
3
3
2
( x2 )
( x2) ( x2) ( x2)
3.
2
A + B ( x2 )+ C( x2)
2 x 25 x+ 4 dx
=
( x2)
( x2 )3
2 x 25 x +4= A+ Bx2 B+ C x 24 Cx +4 C
x2
2=C
5=b-4c
4=A-2B+4C
B=-5+8=3
4=A-2B+4C
4=A-2(3)+4(2)
4=A-6+8
A=4-2=2
2
2 x 5 x+ 4 dx
2
3
2
=
+
+
3
3
2
( x2 )
( x2) ( x2) (x2)
( x2)
3( x2)
1
3
2
+
+ 2 ln| x2|=
+ ln(x2)2+C
2
2
1
( x 2) x2
116
2 x 210 x +14
4.
( x3 )3
PRACTICA
8 x3
1.
12 x 27 x +1 dx
2.
( x3x)2dx
( x +3 )2
a x 2+ bx+ c
forma:
Ax +B
a x 2 +bx +c
( 4 x 2 +6 )
x 3 +3 x
Factorizar el numerador.
( 4 x 2 +6 ) A Bx +C
= + 2
3
x +3 x
x +3
117
( 4 x 2 +6 )
x 3+3 x
A ( x 2+ 3 ) + ( Bx+C )( x )
( x ) ( x 2 +3 )
4 x 2 +6=A x2 +3 A+ B x 2+Cx
4 x 2 +6=x 2 ( A+ B ) +Cx +3A
Obtenemos el sistema de ecuaciones
A+B=4
A=2
C=0
B=2
3A=6
C=0
( 4 x 2 +6 )
x +3 x
( 2 x+0 ) dx
2 dx
+
2
x
x +3
2 dx
x dx
+ 2 2
x
x +3
CASO IV. Los factores del denominador son todos de segundo grado y algunos se
repiten. Si existen un factor de segundo grado de la forma:
( a x 2+ bx+ c )
118
( 4 x 2 +2 x+ 8 ) dx
2
2
x ( x +2 )
( 4 x 2 +2 x +8 ) dx A Bx+C Dx+ E
= + 2
+
2
x x +2 ( x 2 +2 )2
x ( x 2 +2 )
2
A ( x 2 +2 ) + ( Bx+C ) ( x 3 +2 x ) + ( Dx+ E ) x
x ( x 2+2 )
A ( x 4 + 4 x 2 +4 ) + ( B x 4+ 2 B x 2+C x3 +2 x ) + ( D x2 + Ex )
2
x ( x + 2)
x 4 ( A+ B ) +Cx3 + x 2 ( 4 A+2 B+ D ) + x ( 2 C+ E )+ 4 A
2
x ( x 2 +2 )
A=2
4A+2B+D=4
B=-2
2C+E=2
C=0
4A=8
D=0
C=0
E=2
119
dx
2 xdx
x 2+2 +2
dx
2
( x +2 )
( 4 x 2+2 x+ 8 ) dx
=2
2
x ( x 2+2 )
dx
( x +2 )
Sustitucin trigonomtrica
2
dx
2
( x +2 )
dx
2
( x +2 )
2 arctan x + x + c
8
2 4 ( x 2+ 2 )
2 ln| x|ln |x 2 +2|+2
2
x
x
arctan
+
+c
8
2 4 ( x2 +2 )
2
2 ln| x|ln |x 2 +2|+ arctan
4
( 22 x )+ 2 xx+ 4 +c
2
120
Demuestre que:
Equivale a:
1
35 11
ln |x 4 ( x 2+3 x +5 )| arctan
2
|2|
Ax+ B
Cx + D
Ex + F
+ 2
+ 2
2
2
x
(x + 3 x +5) x +3 x +5
3 x5 +13 x 4 +32 x3 + 8 x 2 +40 x75= Ax5 +6 Ax4 + 19 Ax3 +25 Ax+ Bx 4 +6 Bx3 +19 Bx 2+ 30 Bx+ 25 B+Cx 3+ Dx2+
Sistema de ecuaciones:
3= A+ E
13=6 A+ B+3E+ F
40=25 A+ 30 B
75=25 B
Resolver el sistema de ecuaciones
B=
75
=3
25
121
A=2
3= A+ E
E=1
13=6 A+ B+3E+ F
F=1
32=19 ( 2 ) +6 (3 )+ C+5 ( 1 ) +3(1)
C=4
8=30 ( 2 ) +19 (3 ) + D+5(1)
D=0
Sustituimos:
Ax+ B
Cx + D
Ex+ F
+ 2
+ 2
2
2
x
(x + 3 x +5) x + 3 x +5
2 x3 dx
4 x+0 dx
x +1 dx
+ 2
+
2
2
2
x
( x +3 x+ 5)
(x +3 x +5)
dx
4 xdx
x+ 1dx
+
+ 2
2
2
2
x
( x + 3 x +5)
(x +3 x+5)
2 xdx
2 3
x
3
4 xdx
x +1 dx
2
ln |x |+ + 2
+
2 2
x
x +3 x +5
( x +3 x+ 5 )
122
( 2 x +33 ) dx
2
( x +3 x+5 )
( 2 x +3 ) dx
=2
( x +3 x+ 5 )
dx
2
( x +3 x+ 5 )
2
x +3 x+5
2
2
6
dx
[( ) ]
2
3
11
x+ +
2
4
2
3
x = x+
2
( )
x=x+
x=
dx=
3
2
=6
a=
a=
dx
3 2 11
x+ +
2
4
11
4
11
2
11
tan z
4
11
sec 2 zdz
4
11
sec z
4
11 sec2 z dz
2
( 211 sec z )
48
( 11 )
=6
sec 2 zdz
3
( 211 ) sec z
4
=6
( 11 )
dz
sec
2
cos2 z dz
123
48 1
1
z + sen 2 z +C
3
2
4
( 11 )
()
z
2 sen z cos +C
12
3
( 11 )
11
2x
x= tan z=arctan
2
11
( 32 )
2 x+
arctan
11
z=arctan
x +3
()2
2+
x+
sin x=
2 x+3
11
3
2
11
cos z=
2
3 2 11
x+ +
2
4
124
24
2 x +3
24
arctan
3
11 ( 11 )3
( 11 )
24
( 11 )
arctan
3
2
( )
x+
3 2 11
x+ +
2
4
11
3 2 11
x+ +
2
4
+C
2 x +8
12 x +18
+C
11 11 ( x 2+3 x +5 )
( x +1 ) dx 1 ( 2 x+ 2 ) dx
= 2
2
x +3 x +5 2 x +3 x +5
1
1
2 x +3
ln |x 2+3 x +5|
arctan
+C
2
11
11
1
35 11
11 ( 2 x+3 ) + 3 4 ( 8 x +10 ) +C
ln |x 4 (x 3 +3 x+5)| arctan
2
|2|
11
x 11 ( x 2+ 3 x +5 )
125
Ejemplo:
5
Propiedades:
n
1.
k=( na+1 ) k
2.
[ F ( i ) + g ( i) ]= f ( i ) + g(i)
3.
i=a
i=a
i=a
i=a
i=a
i=a
cf ( i )=c f (i)
f ( i )f (i1 )=f ( n )f (0)
4.
i=1
Ejemplo:
Encontrar:
7
8
i=3
126
Ejemplo:
Encuentra el valor de:
i
( 2+3 i)
4
i=1
i=1
i=3
i =1
( 2+3 i)= i2 + 3 i+ i 2+ 3 i
i=1
i=1
Se desarrollan:
4
( i2 +3 i )=60
i=1
127
A= lim
n i=1
A= lim
n i=1
ba
f (a+ ( i1 ) x) x=
( ba
)
n
n
f (a+i x)
( ba
n )
Sumas bsicas
n
1.-
k=kn
2.-
i=
i=1
i=1
n ( n+1 ) n2+ n
+
2
2
n ( n+1 ) (2 n+1) 2 n3 +3 n2 +n
i=
=
3.-
6
6
i=1
n
i 3=
4.-
i=1
n2 ( n+1 )2 n4 +2 n3 +n2
=
4
4
128
2
Ejemplo: encuentre el area limitada por la curva f(x)= x +2
y el eje x en el
ba 41 3
=
=
n
n
n
( 3n )=1+ 3in
a+i x=1+
f ( x )=f ( a+i x ) =f 1+
3i
3i 2
3i
= 1+
+2= 1+2
n
n
n
)(
( ( ))
=1+
6 i 9 i2
+
+2=
n n2
9i 2 6 i
+ +3
2
n
n
129
27 i2 18 i 9
+ 2+
n
n3
n
1
n
n
n
n
27
9
2 18
=
i
+
i+
n3 n2 n
i=1
i=1
i=1
i=1
2
3 9i 6i
+ + 3 =
n n2 n
i=1
A=lim
n
27
18 2
2 n3 +3 n2 +n
n n
2
n
n2
9
45 9
lim
+
+ n = 27+ + 2 =27 u2
6
2
n
2n 2n
n
)(
Ejercicios en clase:
4
1.-
2.-
21 22 23 24 25
=
+
+
+
+
=1.25
( 2i
)
4
4
4
4
4
4
i=1
3.-
i=1
43 ( 5 ) + ( 43 ( 6 ) )=40
( 43 i )=( 43 ( 2 ) )+ ( 43 ( 3 ) ) + ( 43 ( 4 ) ) +
6
i=2
1
f ( x )=3 x 2 ,[3,3]
3
130
h
f ( x )= x ; [ 0, b ]
2.b
Practica en clase
Obtenga el rea de los siguientes funciones:
2
1.- f ( x )=4x ;[2,2]
3
2
2.- f ( x )=x 4 x + 4 x ; [ 0,3 ]
4
3.- f ( x )=5 x ;[1.3]
131
Integral definida
Representa el rea que forma la funcin
f ( x) con el eje
en el intervalo
[a,b]
f ( x ) dx=F ( b )F (a)
a
a= Limite inferior
b= lmite superior
Calculo de una integral definida
a) Se integra la diferencial de funcin
b) Se sustituye la variable de la integral que se obtuvo, por los limites
superiores e inferior y los resultados se restan para obtener el valor de la
integral definida.
Propiedades de la integral
b
1.-
f ( x ) dx= f ( x ) dx
a
2.-
132
3.-
[ f ( x ) g ( x ) ]= f ( x ) dx g ( x ) dx
a
4.-
b
a
f ( x ) dx= f ( x ) dx + f ( x ) dx con [a , b]
a
Ejemplo:
Demuestra que:
a
Se integra:
a
a 2 dx x 2 dx
0
2
a ( a )
][
a
0
a a 2a
2
a ( 0 ) = =
3
3
1 3
3
Ejemplo:
Demuestre que:
2
2 3dxx2 = 43
6
2
2
2
2
4
3 ( 6 )2 3 ( 2 )2= ( 4 ) ( 2 ) =
3
3
3
3
3
6
3dxx2 =[ 23 3 x2]=
2
El rea limitada por la curva y=f(x) continua en [a,b], en el eje de los x, y las
respuestas x=a, x=b es:
b
f ( x ) dx= ydx
rea=
a
a
El rea limite por la curva x=f(y) continua en [c,d ], y el eje Y y las reactas y=c y=d
es.d
rea=
f ( y ) dy = xdx
c
Ejemplo:
Obtn el rea limitada por la recta
y=-2x+3
Desde x=-2 hasta x=1
Area:
f ( x ) dx
2
2 x x2
y el eje x.
134
Grafique la funcin
2 x y 2=0
x ( 2 x ) =0
x=0
Donde
x=2
2
( 2 xx 2 ) dx= x 2 x3
rea:
] [
][
3
3
2 = 22 2 0 2 0 =4 8 = 4 U 2
0
3
3
3 3
Y
3
6
11
18
x=
1+i
ba 41 3
=
=
n
n
n
f ( x )=f (a+i x)
x 2+2= 1+
3i 2
+2
n
3i
n
(1)2 +2 ( 1 )
( 3in )+
27n3i
18 i 9
+ =
n2 n
i=1
n
3 9 i2 6 i
n n2 + n + 3 = nlim
i=1
A=lim
+
27
2 18
i+ 2
3
n i=1
n
lim
n
( x 22 x ) dx
1.-
[ ]
] [
x3 2
x 3 2 x 2 2 23 2
8
4
x dx xdx =
2 xdx=
= 2 [ 0 ] = 4=
3 0
3
2 0 3
3
3
0
0
2
2.-
( x+5 ) dx
2
136
( x ) dx + ( 5 ) dx=
2
] [
][
][ ][
x2
22
22
4
4
+5 x 2 = +5 ( 2 )
+5 (2 ) = + 10 10 =12(8 ) =12+ 8=20
2
2 2
2
2
2
3.-
( x+ 3 x ) dx
0
1
dx + 3 x dx
2
0
2
2 ( 8 ) 48
64 3 ( 16 )
16 24 16+ 72 88
2 [ 0 ]= 2 +
=
+
=
+
=
=
3
2
3
2
3 1
3
3
][
][
4.-
( 2 x+1 ) dx
x=1
x=4
4
2 x2
+ x =[ 4 2+ 4 ] [ 12 +1 ]=( 16+ 4 ) 2=202=18
2
5.-
x 2 dx
0
137
x 2 dx=
[ ]
x3
33
=
[ 0 ] =9
3
3
3
6.5
x 3 dx
2
[ ] [ ][ ]
x 3 dx=
2
x 5 5
2
625 16 625 4 609
=
=
=
=
4 2 4
4
4
4
4
1
4
138
dx
a
0
( x2 )2
( x2 )
3
2
3 2
+
2 2
1
2
( )
[ ][ ]
( x2 )
3 2
+
2 2
2
( 42 )
6
b
2
1
2
( x2 )
2
=
1
1
2
(
)
x
2
2
( 02 )
1
2
1
dx
4x
x
6
5
4
Y
-0.5
-1
3
2
1
0.5
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1.5
2.5
3.5
4.5
5.5
6.5
139
ln |4x|
[ ln|46|] [ ln |42|] =
3
c
3
dx
x 9
2
v =x a=3
3
x 2dv9 = 16 ln
3
| x3
x+ 3 |
[ | |] [ | |]
1 33
1 33
ln
ln
=
6
3+3
6
3+3
140
1.
x dx
x=2 y x =4
x1
2
Valores Y
2.5
2
1.5
Valores Y
1
0.5
0
1.5
2.5
3.5
4.5
x
A
B
= +
x1 1 x 1
1= Ax+ A+ B
1= A
A=B B=1
4
dx
dx1 + x1
2
4
4
3.09u de superficie
141
f ( x )=cos x
2.
x=0 y x=
Cuando:
Valores Y
1.5
1
Valores Y
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
cos x dx
0
0
sin sin
1.57sin [ ]
sin
1.999unidades de superficie
142
a)
x=2
x=8
x
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
y
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
10
8
6
y
4
2
0
1
xdx=
2
1.2
1.2
[ ] [
2
2
x 2 8 ( 8 ) (2 )
=
=30 u 2
2 2
2
2
22 x2 dx= 2 ( 1.2 )
][
b) y=2 ( 1x 2 )
2 ( 1.2 )3
2 (1.2 )3
2 (1.2 )
3
3
143
x
-1
0
1
2
3
4
y
0
2
0
-6
-16
-24
5
0
-2
-1
-5
-10
5
Y
-15
-20
-25
-30
c xy =36
x=6
x=12
x
6
8
9
12
y
6
4.5
4
3
144
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
5
12
10
11
12
13
12
dx
dx=36 =36 ln x
36
6 x
6 x
d) x 2+2 dx=
0
x3
+2x 2
3
0
][
(2)3
( 0 )3
+2(2)
+2 ( 0 ) =6.66 u2
3
3
12
10
8
Y
Linear (Y)
x
-1
0
1
2
3
y
3
2
3
6
11
2
0
-2
-1
e)
145
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
1
x3 dx=
3
x2
3 x 6
2
3
A 2=
A 1=
][
x
3
6
8
][
y
0
3
0
( 6 )2
( 3 )2
3 ( 6 )
3 (3 ) =( 1818 )(4.5 )=4.5 u2
2
2
1.5 x
+ 12 x 8
2
6
2
1.5 ( 8 )
1.5 ( 6 )
+12 ( 8 )
+ 12 ( 6 ) =(48+ 96 )(27+72 )
2
2
A 2=4845=3 u
146
147